2024届高考 英语 二轮复习 阅读理解 模拟训练（含解析）
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| 名称 | 2024届高考 英语 二轮复习 阅读理解 模拟训练（含解析） |  | |
| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 35.3KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-05-06 20:47:41 | ||
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Passage 1
By the time I took Kicker home, I was living in a van(小型货车), so he was thrown into van life from day one. At this point, I knew how to make him an outgoing and adaptable dog, and my life was far more adventurous than it had been...
Right out of the gate, I took him to ski touring, which is a lot like cross-country skiing but in wilder terrain. At first, Kicker would just stay nestled(依偎) in my jacket, but as he got stronger, he would run on his own for a little while before I carried him again.
We also went on some winter camping adventures in the high peaks of the Uinta Mountains, and we tried snowkiting. He ran around while I skied. He learned to kiteboard. One time he vomited(呕吐) all over the new cushions on my bed. Boy, did that stay smelly for days! Still, living in a van with a dog was great. With each new day, he got stronger and more independent.
I had dreamed of visiting Alaska since I was a child, so being able to share that trip with Kicker felt incredible. There’s something to be said for shared experiences and how they help develop a strong bond. Together we kayaked, snowmobiled, and even ended up exploring deep blue ice caves in Worthington Glacier. Kicker learned to come snowboarding with me in the mountains of Alaska. He would hike part of the way, and I would carry him the rest. I would always let him run next to me as I boarded, but I usually ended up putting him on my shoulders for the rest of the ride down—he had grown far too big to fit in my jacket.
Having a dog has been one of the most rewarding things in my life. For me, it’s about the time spent together exploring, sharing experiences, working through challenging situations, snuggling, and ultimately taking care of one another.
1What was Kicker like when he was first taken home by the author
A.Sick and pitiful. B.Small and weak.
C.Happy and active. D.Outgoing and adventurous.
2Why was the incident of Kicker’s vomiting mentioned in paragraph 3
A.To illustrate how hard life is in a van.
B.To indicate that raising Kicker was not all roses.
C.To show the importance of taking good care of a pet.
D.To warn us of the trouble a pet can bring to us on a trip.
3What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A.What tricks Kicker learned in Alaska. B.What great experiences the author had.
C.How the author realized his childhood dream. D.How much the author enjoyed Kicker's company.
4What is special about the author’s relationship with Kicker
A.They bond through shared adventures.
B.They help each other to become stronger.
C.They bond through giving each other rewards.
D.They depend on each other in life’s hardest times.
Passage 2
Accompanied by typical Jin opera music, a red-faced performer with a long beard showed up at the hall of a high school in Taiyuan, Shanxi Province. All the students in the hall stood up and craned(伸长) their necks to get a better look. In their eyes, Jin opera was something from the past.
They are not alone. It goes without saying that kids nowadays are much more familiar with popular music than traditional opera, which is why performing artist Wu Lingyun, together with his colleagues, goes to campuses to promote the art.
Wu Lingyun is best known for his role as Guan Gong, a general during the late Eastern Han Dynasty period.
Wu began playing the role in 1985, at the age of 21, and has been associated with it ever since.
Wu was significantly influenced by his parents, both of whom are also famous Jin opera performers. With a natural talent for performing and great effort, Wu was soon recognized by audiences and later awarded the Plum Performance Award in 2000, the highest award for Chinese drama performing arts.
Given Wu’s considerable fame, one might think he would now prefer to enjoy a life of leisure. However, this is far from the case. Deep down, Wu has a big dream. He pictures a growing future for Jin opera. Wu expected more chances for more people to get to know about the art, hoping Jin opera could become a worldwide art.
Wu has also made some changes to the traditional art to bring it up-to-date."Jin opera should keep pace with the times if we want to bring it back to life and get the young generation to accept it," he says. "An art without life can never survive."
1How did the students react to the performance at the hall
A.They became bored. B.They got disappointed.
C.They felt curious. D.They looked casual.
2What do we know about Wu Lingyun
A.He got a top award in 2000.
B.He started his performance in his teens.
C.He now enjoys a leisure life.
D.He became famous because of his parents.
3What does Wu Lingyun expect of Jin opera
A.It’ll be studied as a college major. B.It’ll be officially recognized.
C.It’ll have an easier performing form. D.It’ll be popular across the world.
4Which of the following best describes Wu Lingyun
A.Humorous. B.Kind-minded.
C.Cautious. D.Devoted.
Passage 3
I am thinking today about my new favorite thing. It’s an app that my husband told me a few years ago that helps me bypass all the obstacles(障碍) in my way: potholes, heavy traffic, and even speed cameras.
To be honest, when my husband first told me about it, I didn’t pay much attention. I was only going to places I already knew how to get to. Plus, I learned to drive from my father—who never turned to a map. I think I mistakenly absorbed the message that real drivers didn’t need a map; you somehow just magically knew where to go. It was only later that I realized that just getting a driver’s license didn't mean you knew how to get to places—that was lesson one. Lesson two came when my kids started playing on two different travel teams. The drivers in our household suddenly had the need to head in different directions on the same day.
Suddenly my app became very meaningful to me. How did I ever manage to get to strange playing fields hidden somewhere without it But the crazy thing I have also noticed is how often I just don't listen to it. Why might that be Do I just prefer the old routes, even if they are actually worse I see an analogy(类比) to the present moment. There is evidence that some old ideas and some long familiar ideas will send us into a boring unchanging lifestyle. But for some reason we like them better than an unfamiliar new route that might take us into areas we’ve never heard of, let alone visited.
It can be hard to admit we don’t know everything. As a person who still drives an 8-year-old stick shift and who has never stood in line for anything new, I certainly understand that. But I also try to remember the times I let go of my ego(自负), or my fear, and learned that life could be better. Not perfect—but better. I am glad I finally listened to my husband about that app. He was right.
1What did the author think of the app at the very beginning
A.It was magical. B.It was practically valueless.
C.It was powerful. D.It was not as good as a map.
2What would probably make the author ignore the app’s instructions
A.Her desire to explore alone.
B.Her doubt about the new device.
C.Her preference for the new routes.
D.Her refusal to experience changes.
3What can be inferred about the author from the last paragraph
A.She is willing to challenge herself. B.She cares little about others’comments.
C.She recognizes her problems easily. D.She is too inflexible to make any change.
4Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A.Real Drivers Know Their Way B.It Pays to Take a New Route
C.New Apps Make Life Perfect D.It Matters to Listen to Inner Voice
Passage 4
Jobs that use both technical and creative thinking are among the fastest-growing and highest-paying ones, according to a new report from Burning Glass Technologies, a job market analytic company in Boston.
It studied millions of job postings to better understand the skills companies require. What they discovered was that many want workers with experience in such new abilities as big-data gathering and analysis, or design using digital technology.
Burning Glass came up with the term"hybrid jobs" to describe these kinds of positions, which require skills not normally found together. For example, these hybrid jobs might require people with skills in data science and advertising, or engineering and sales. "The jobs of the future don't involve just one skill, " says Matt Sigelman, CEO of Burning Glass.
The company expects general job growth of about 10% between 2018 and 2028, but the hybrid jobs by 21%. What’s more, hybrid jobs pay more than positions that call for a traditional set of skills. For example, a marketing manager mastering a database program gets paid 41% more than a traditional one, with an average yearly salary of $100,000. Moreover, an engineer who improves her sales skills and becomes a consulting engineer for a software company can more than double her pay from $180,000 to $400,000.
While data shows that workers who fail to update their skills will be able to find fewer jobs, people in hybrid jobs are less likely to become out of date, with only 12% possibility of being replaced by machines, compared with 42% for general jobs, says Burning Glass. Hybrid jobs are mostly not beginner roles, so they mainly go to workers with years of experience and, most importantly, more training after leaving college. That means workers, bosses and educators will have to think about how to better prepare people for these roles.
1Why did the company research into job advertisements
A.To understand the growth of best paid workers.
B.To compare workers’experience with new abilities.
C.To find out companies’requirements about skills.
D.To tell the possible changes in future job market.
2Which of the following jobs can be hybrid
A.Data engineer. B.Machine operator. C.Marketing manager. D.Medical consultant.
3How much is a traditional marketing manager possibly paid every year
A.$180,000. B.$71,000. C.$41,000. D.$10,000.
4Which of the following is the best title for this passage
A.Future Jobs Requiring "Hybrid" Skills B.How to Get Trained for Jobs
C.Tips on Finding Fastest-Growing Jobs D.The Jobs with Highest Pay
Passage 5
Maria Jones had just finished teaching a yoga class when she happened to notice an elderly man walking around by himself in the city centre of Aberdeen, Scotland.
As they shared a packet of chocolate bars over a coffee, Maria learned that Tom Smith, who was 83,had left his home that day for the first time in three years. Driven by extreme loneliness, he decided to take a ride on the bus. He’d taken two different buses that day.
According to Age UK, 1.1 million older people rely on using public transport for company. While health and mobility issues can lead to social isolation, the upsetting effect of the cost of living crisis has contributed to a loneliness epidemic(流行病)among the UK’s older population.
Senior expert Sally Baker sees the necessity of establishing a programme to reconnect the older people with their local communities. And helping them access local transport links is the first step. She says that she understands why travelling on public transport can help reduce loneliness. It offers a setting for conversations to spark up. "Sitting side by side is often less inhibiting(约束的)than direct eye contact, "she says.
However, Age UK is aware that many older people feel worried about getting out and about, with 38 percent saying they don’t feel confident using public transport.
That’s why the charity has initiated the Travelling Companions’pilot programme, designed to help older people who might be feeling lonely to get out and about confidently. Each older person is matched with a volunteer who will help them achieve their travel goals.
One man at 80,who has been helped by Age UK’s new project, says, "The programme is making my world a lot bigger and brighter."
1Why is Tom Smith’s experience mentioned in the text
A.To give an example of someone getting lost.
B.To introduce the major topic to be discussed.
C.To illustrate the boring daily life of 80-year-olds.
D.To stress the value of chatting with older people.
2What can we learn from paragraph 4
A.Older people need help to rebuild social connections.
B.Travelling alone on buses can be unsafe for older people.
C.Many older people take buses to ease anxiety.
D.It's necessary to offer older people free bus rides.
3What is Age UK according to the text
A.A research institute. B.A senior citizen care centre.
C.A bus company. D.A charity organization.
4What is the text mainly about
A.The widespread old age problem in the UK.
B.Loneliness among the UK’s older population.
C.A programme to help older people use public transport.
D.Volunteers who accompany the elderly people on their trips.
Passage 6
Los Angeles native Randall Bartlett sat under the rooftop of a traditional Chinese scholar’s studio, occasionally turning a page of his book. The scene was in the reopened Liu Fang Yuan garden at the Huntington Library, Art Museum and Botanical Gardens. For him, the garden brings to life the Chinese philosophies he learned from books.
Phillip E. Bloom, director of the Center for East Asian Garden Studies, said the idea for Liu Fang Yuan goes back to the 1980s with the initial aim of creating a collection of Chinese plants, but after research, they realized plants alone were not sufficient to demonstrate the essence of a Chinese garden. Eventually, it was decided to model a garden on 16th and 17th century scholarly retreats(隐居处) in Suzhou.
The decision was made partly due to the fame of Suzhou classical gardens, but also because similarities were found between the Huntington and Suzhou gardens. Bloom said that Henry Huntington, founder of the Huntington Library, was a successful US businessman who used his fortune to collect rare books, artworks and to create gardens. "Many Suzhou gardens were also created by rich people who tried to pursue a scholarly lifestyle," he added.
To preserve the character of the Suzhou gardens, the Huntington Library sought help from Suzhou, giving rise to collaboration between US and Chinese architects, contractors and designers. In all stages of construction, artisans(工匠) from Suzhou came to work on details of the venue.
After three years of expansion from 2018 to 2020, Liu Fang Yuan reopened to the public with 4.6 hectares of new landscapes, making it one of the largest classical-style Chinese gardens in the world. The additions include a complex of walled courtyards displaying penjing, a replica of a scholar’s studio, a pavilion(亭子) situated at the garden’s highest point, etc.
Now, it is meaningful to see how people from local communities interact with the garden. "A lot of volunteers come to different lectures about Chinese culture or to concerts that we hold regularly," Bloom said. By exposing its visitors to arts and literature, Liu Fang Yuan goes beyond international boundaries and bridges the cultural gaps between the two countries.
1What do we know about Liu Fang Yuan
A.It used to be a scholarly retreat in Suzhou.
B.It was constructed by Suzhou artisans alone.
C.It became the largest garden after being expanded.
D.It promotes cultural exchanges between America and China.
2What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A.The introduction to the founder. B.The fame of Suzhou classical gardens.
C.The features of a scholarly lifestyle. D.The reasons for modeling a Suzhou garden.
3What does the underlined word "collaboration" in paragraph 4 mean
A.negotiation B.cooperation C.inspiration D.contradiction
4Why did Bloom mention local people’s interactions with the garden
A.To show its cultural significance.
B.To detail its architectural features.
C.To promote its diverse activities.
D.To boost its international fame.
Passage 7
According to a recent study, children explore more than adults and it helps then learn better than grown-ups. The study notes that when adults attempt something new but get a negative result, they often won’t try it again.
Dr. Alison Gopnik, one of the co-authors, said, "That might seem like the most basic kind of intelligence—even rats stay away from a path leading to a shock. The downside is that we will never learn the world is more complicated. Children, however, have intense curiosity and drive to explore and this helps them learn many different things quickly."
Together with NYU scientist Emily Liquin, Gopnik conducted a scientific experiment to test if young children’s drive to explore more than grown-ups influences the way they learn.
They gave 64 young children and 87 adults a game where each placed different blocks on a machine with one rule: If the machine lights up, they get a prize consisting of a star, but if the machine doesn’t light up, they lose twice as much. The goal of the game was to discover that all the blocks work except for the ones with white spots.
Most of the children were able to figure out the rule correctly, whereas more than 70% adults couldn’t, but it came at a cost: The children earned fewer stars.
The experiment shows adults often leap to faster conclusions, while children are more willing to explore and gather more information before they decide on a result.
The experiment only studied four to seven-year-olds compared to adults in the United States, noting that more research is needed to generalize it to a broader population and context, according to the paper.
Gopnik concluded, "We grown-ups are often so anxious to get the result that we don’t explore, and so afraid of losing stars that we miss the chance to learn something new. Children, however, are natural explorers, willing to sacrifice stars for the sake of information. We need both types of thinking to grow up, but adults might learn something from those curious kids."
1Why did Gopnik mention rats in Paragraph 2
A.To show adults’ avoiding bad results is understandable.
B.To compare whether adults are much cleverer than rats.
C.To tell us rats are appropriate subjects in experiments.
D.To suggest that rats are clever enough to choose safe paths.
2What do we know about the experiment
A.It aimed to test if children have more drive to explore.
B.Most adults could understand the game rule correctly.
C.Children got better results than adults in the game.
D. It has some limitations and needs further research.
3What does Gopnik mean according to the last paragraph
A.Adults’ way of thinking should be abandoned.
B.The two ways of thinking should be combined.
C.Children are better at getting information.
D.Adults should learn to think in children’s way.
4Based on the study, which of the following is desirable in educating kids
A.Inspiring kids to explore regardless of risks.
B.Encouraging kids to be brave to try new things.
C.Motivating kids to draw conclusions quickly.
D.Teaching kids not to care about gains and losses.
Passage 8
Do you play video games If so, you aren’t alone. Video games are becoming more common and are increasingly enjoyed by adults. The average age of gamers has been increasing and was estimated to be 35 in 2016. Changing technology also means that more people are exposed to video games. A new breed of casual gamers has come, who play on smart phones and tablets at spare moments throughout the day. But do they have any effect on our brains and behavior
Over the years, the media have made various claims about video games and their effect on our health and happiness."Games have sometimes been praised or demonized, often without real data backing up those claims. Moreover, gaming is a popular activity, so everyone seems to have strong opinions on the topic," says Marc Palaus, who with his colleagues wanted to see if any trends had appeared from the research to date concerning how video games affect the structure and activity of our brains. They collected the results from 116 scientific studies, 22 of which looked at structural changes in the brain and 100 of which looked at changes in brain functionality and behavior.
The studies show that playing video games can change how our brains perform, and even their structure. For example, playing video games affects our attention, and some studies found that gamers show improvements in several types of attention, such as sustained attention or selective attention. Video games can also be addictive, and this kind of addiction is called"Internet gaming disorder". Researchers have found functional and structural changes in the neural reward system in gaming addicts. These neural changes are basically the same as those seen in other addictive disorders.
So, what do all these brain changes mean "We focused on how the brain reacts to video game exposure, but these effects do not always translate to real-life changes," says Palaus. As video games are still quite new, the research into their effects is still in its babyhood.
1What factor causes a new breed of casual gamers to appear
A.Video games become more and more attractive.
B.The pressure from work becomes bigger and bigger.
C.Modern adults are usually very curious about new things.
D.The advanced technology makes games easily accessible.
2What does Palaus’s research mainly focus on
A.What effects video games have on gamers’ brains.
B.Which brain regions are affected by video games.
C.How video games affect health and happiness.
D.Why video games influence gamers’ brains.
3According to the research, why do some gamers get addicted to video games
A.Because their memory systems are disturbed.
B.Because their sustained attention is improved.
C.Because their neural reward systems are changed.
D.Because the inner structure of their brain is changed.
4What can we learn from the last paragraph
A.Addiction to video games will effect our daily life.
B.The influence of video games needs a further study.
C.There should be certain laws to regulate video games.
D.Video game exposure brings harm instead of benefits.
【解析】 本文主要讲述了作者和小狗Kicker一起历险的故事,在历险的过程中,小狗Kicker逐渐长大,学会了很多技能,作者和小狗Kicker之间的关系也变得更加亲密。
1.B 推断 根据第二段中的"At first, Kicker would just stay nestled(依偎) in my jacket, but as he got stronger, he would run on his own for a little while before I carried him again"可知,Kicker起初只是依偎在作者的夹克里,但随着它越来越强壮,在作者再次抱着它之前,它会
自己跑一会儿。由此可推知,刚开始的时候,小狗又小又弱。故选B项。
2.B 理解目的 根据上下文可知,作者带着Kicker一起历险,相处融洽,而Kicker吐在垫子上这个小插曲说明,作者养Kicker的过程也不全是轻松愉快的,故选B项。
3.D 理解主旨要义(段落大意) 第四段的第一句为本段的主旨句,即作者从小就梦想着去阿拉斯加旅游,所以能够与Kicker分享那次旅行感觉特别棒。整个段落围绕该主旨句,说明作者非常喜欢和Kicker一起历险。故选D项。
4.A 推断 通读全文,尤其是最后一段可知,作者带着Kicker一起探索、分享经历、克服挑战、相互依偎,并最终照顾彼此,Kicker在历险的过程中逐渐长大,学会了多种技能,作者和Kicker之间的关系变得愈加亲密,故选A项。
【解析】 本文主要讲述的是晋剧表演艺术家武凌云的艺术成就以及他推广晋剧,希望其成为一门世界性艺术所做的努力。
1.C 理解具体信息 根据第一段中的"All the students in the hall stood up and craned(伸长) their necks to get a better look"可知,大厅里的所有学生都站了起来,伸长了脖子,以便看得更清楚。由此可知,孩子们对这项艺术表演充满了好奇。故选C项。
2.A 理解具体信息 根据倒数第三段中的"With a natural talent for performing and great effort, Wu was soon recognized by audiences and later awarded the Plum Performance Award in 2000, the highest award for Chinese drama performing arts"可知,武凌云在2000年获得了中国戏剧表演艺术最高奖——梅花表演奖。故选A项。
3.D 推断 根据倒数第二段中的"Wu expected more chances for more people to get to know about the art, hoping Jin opera could become a worldwide art"可知,武凌云希望有更多的机会让更多的人了解晋剧艺术,希望晋剧能够成为一门世界性的艺术。由此可知,他希望晋剧在全世界受欢迎。故选D项。
4.D 推断(人物特征) 根据倒数第二段"Given Wu’s considerable fame, one might think he would now prefer to enjoy a life of leisure. However, this is far from the case...Wu expected more chances for more people to get to know about the art, hoping Jin opera could become a worldwide art"和尾段中的"Wu has also made some changes to the traditional art to bring it up-to-date"可知,武凌云在取得一定成就后想将晋剧推广到全世界,而且还对晋剧做出改变,使其与时俱进,由此可推断,武凌云是一个对自己的事业全身心投入的人。故选D项。
【解析】 作者从对使用一款应用程序的看法的改变领悟出我们应学会接受改变。
1.B 理解具体信息 根据第二段中的"To be honest, when my husband first told me about it, I didn’t pay much attention"和"I think I mistakenly absorbed the message that real drivers didn’t need a map"可知,当作者的丈夫第一次告诉作者这个应用程序时,她并没有太在意,并且错误地吸收了真正的司机不需要地图的信息。由此可知,当作者一开始接触这个应用程序时,她觉得它毫无价值。故选B。
2.D 理解具体信息 根据第三段中的"There is evidence that some old ideas and some long familiar ideas will send us into a boring unchanging lifestyle. But for some reason we like them better than an unfamiliar new route"可知,有证据表明,一些古老的想法和一些长期熟悉的想法会把我们带入一种无聊的、一成不变的生活方式。但出于某种原因,我们更喜欢它们,而不是陌生的新路线。由此说明,作者忽略这个应用程序的指示是因为她拒绝经历改变。故选D。
3.A 推断 根据最后一段中的"But I also try to remember the times I let go of my ego(自负), or my fear, and learned that life could be better. Not perfect—but better. I am glad I finally listened to my husband about that app"可知,作者试着记住那些放下自负或恐惧,并明白生活可以变得更好的时刻。不完美但更好。她很高兴最终听了她丈夫关于那款应用程序的建议。由此可以推断出,作者愿意挑战自己。故选A。
4.B 理解主旨要义(标题判断) 作者从对使用一款应用程序的看法的改变领悟出我们应学会接受改变;从最后一段中的"But I also try to remember the times I let go of my ego(自负), or my fear, and learned that life could be better. Not perfect—but better. I am glad I finally listened to my husband about that app"可以看出,作者最后愿意挑战自己。因此B项"It Pays to Take a New Route (走一条新路线是值得的)"最适合作本文的标题。故选B。
【解析】 本文介绍了什么是复合型职业,并提到未来找工作需要拥有多种技能。
1.C 理解具体信息 根据第二段中的"It studied millions of job postings to better understand the skills companies require"可知,它研究了数百万份招聘启事,以更好地了解公司所需的技能。故选C。
2.A 推断 根据第三段中的"For example,these hybrid jobs might require people with skills in data science and advertising, or engineering and sales"可知,这些复合型工作可能需要具备数据科学和广告技能,或者工程和销售技能的人。由此可推断,数据工程师的工作可能是复合型的。故选A。
3.B 理解具体信息(数字计算) 根据第四段中的"For example, a marketing manager mastering a database program gets paid 41% more than a traditional one,with an average yearly salary of $100,000"可知,掌握数据库程序的营销经理的平均年薪为10万美元,比传统的营销经理高出41%,那么传统营销经理的年薪可能是:100 000美元÷(1+41%)≈71 000美元。故选B。
4.A 理解主旨要义(标题判断) 根据第一段中的"Jobs that use both technical and creative thinking are among the fastest-growing and highest-paying ones"和最后一段中的"While data shows that workers who fail to update their skills will be able to find fewer jobs, people in hybrid jobs are less likely to become out of date...compared with 42% for general jobs"可知,同时需要技术和创造性思维的工作是增长最快、收入最高的工作之一。虽然数据显示,无
法更新技能的工人能找到的工作更少,但从事复合型工作的人不太可能过时,只有12%的可能性被机器取代,而一般工作的可能性为42%。由此可知,未来找工作需要拥有多种技能。故选A。
【解析】 根据Age UK的数据显示,英国110万老年人依赖公共交通出行,考虑到老年人对
公共交通缺乏信心,该慈善机构发起了"旅伴"试点项目,旨在帮助那些可能感到孤独的老年人自信地走出家门。
1.B 理解目的 明题意:本题问"文中为什么提到Tom Smith的经历 "→寻线索:根据第一段和第二段内容可知,83岁的Tom Smith在极度孤独的驱使下决定乘公共汽车去兜风;紧接着提到了Age UK机构的数据和该机构"旅伴"试点项目的发起→定答案:由此可知,作者提到Tom Smith的经历是为了介绍下文要讨论的"旅伴"试点项目,这是文章的主要议题,故选B。
2.A 理解具体信息 第四段提到让老年人与当地社区重新联系起来很有必要,这样做的第一步就是帮助他们接触当地的交通线路,因为乘坐公共交通工具时并肩而坐没有直接的眼神交流那么受约束,也就提供了一个便于交流的环境。故从该段中我们得知,老年人要想重建社会关系,就需要帮助,故选A。
3.D 理解具体信息 第五段提到Age UK意识到许多老年人对出行感到担忧,第六段提到这就是为什么该慈善机构发起了"旅伴"试点项目。由此可推知,第六段中的the charity 指的就是Age UK,即Age UK是一个慈善机构,故选D。
4.C 理解主旨要义(文章大意) 通读全文可知,文章主要介绍了Age UK发起的"旅伴"试点项目,旨在帮助感到孤独的老年人乘坐公共交通,减少孤独感,重建社区联系。由此可知,C项最能概括本文的主旨。
【二次精读】
核心单词:loneliness n. 孤独 mobility n. 流动能力;活动性 confidently adv. 自信地 match vt. 使成对,使相配
核心短语:rely on依赖 contribute to有助于,导致 spark up突然引发(交谈、争论、友谊等) achieve one’s goal 实现目标
难句分析:That’s why the charity has initiated the Travelling Companions’ pilot programme, designed to help
why引导的表语从句 过去分词短语作older people (who might be feeling lonely to get out and about confidently).
定语 who引导的定语从句
译文:这就是为什么该慈善机构发起了"旅伴"试点项目,旨在帮助那些可能感到孤独的老年人自信地到外面活动。
【解析】 本文介绍了以中国的苏州园林为模版,在中美建筑师、承包商和设计师的合作下,美国的流芳园重新开放。
1.D 推断 根据最后一段中的"By exposing its visitors to arts and literature, Liu Fang Yuan goes beyond international boundaries and bridges the cultural gaps between the two countries"可知,通过让游客接触艺术和文学,流芳园超越了国际边界,弥合了两国之间的文化鸿沟。由此可知,流芳园在促进中美之间的文化交流方面起着重要的作用。故选D。
2.D 理解主旨要义(段落大意) 根据第三段第一句"The decision was made partly due to the fame of Suzhou classical gardens, but also because similarities were found between the Huntington and Suzhou gardens"可知,因为亨廷顿和苏州园林之间有相似之处,同时因为苏州古典园林有名气,所以作出了这一决定。因此本段主要讲述流芳园会以苏州园林为模版来设计的原因。故选D。
3.B 理解词汇 根据画线词前的"To preserve the character of the Suzhou gardens, the Huntington Library sought help from Suzhou"和画线词后的"In all stages of construction, artisans(工匠) from Suzhou came to work on details of the venue"可知,为了保持苏州园林的特色,亨廷顿图书馆向苏州寻求帮助,在建设的各个阶段,来自苏州的工匠会到工作的场地参与细节问题的工作。由此说明,中美建筑师、承包商和设计师在这个过程中进行了合作,故画线词指"合作",故选B。
4.A 推断 根据最后一段中的"Now, it is meaningful to see how people from local communities interact with the garden"和"By exposing its visitors to arts and literature, Liu Fang Yuan goes beyond international boundaries and bridges the cultural gaps between the two countries"可知,现在,看到当地社区的人们如何与
花园互动是很有意义的。通过让游客接触艺术和文学,流芳园超越了国际边界,弥合了两国之间的文化鸿沟。由此可推知,通过提及当地人和流芳园的互动,充分说明流芳园在中美之间的文化交流方面起着重要的作用。故选A。
【解析】 本文主要介绍了相较于成年人,儿童更愿意探索,尝试新事物,这有助于他们更好地学习,在这一点上,成年人应该向儿童学习。
1.A 推断 第二段中的"That might seem like the most basic kind of intelligence—even rats stay away from a path leading to a shock"可知,这似乎是一种最基本的智力——即使是老鼠也会远离导致电击的路径。该句中的That指代上一段最后一句中的"when adults attempt something new but get a negative result, they often won't try it again",表示当成年人尝试新事物但结果不理想时,他们通常不会再尝试了。由此可知,作者将成年人避免不良结果与老鼠躲避导致电击的路径进行类比,旨在说明趋利避害是具有基本智力的生物的共性,因此成年人的这一行为是可以理解的。故选A。
2.D 理解具体信息 根据倒数第二段"The experiment only studied four to seven-year-olds compared to adults in the United States, noting that more research is needed to generalize it to a broader population and context, according to the paper"可知,该实验只将美国4到7岁的儿童与成年人进行了对比,因此它有一定的局限性,需要进一步研究。故选D。
3.B 推断 根据最后一段Gopnik所说的话可知,成年人常常急于得到结果,以至于他们不去探索,因为害怕失去星星而错过了学习新东西的机会。然而,孩子们是天生的探险家,他们愿意为了获取信息而牺牲星星。我们需要这两种思维方式来成长,但成年人可以从这些好奇的孩子身上学到一些东西。故可推知,Gopnik的意思是这两种思维方式应该结合起来。故选B。
4.B 推断 根据最后一段中的"Children, however, are natural explorers, willing to sacrifice stars for the sake of information. We need both types of thinking to grow up, but adults might learn something from those
curious kids"可知,孩子们是天生的探险家,他们愿意为了获取信息而牺牲星星。我们在成长过程中需要这两种思维方式,但成年人可以从这些好奇的孩子身上学到一些东西。故可推知,基于这项研究,在教育孩子方面,我们应该鼓励孩子勇敢地尝试新事物。故选B。
【解析】 研究人员对电子游戏对玩家大脑的影响进行了研究。他们发现,游戏成瘾者的神经奖励系统在功能和结构上都发生了变化。
1.D 理解具体信息 根据第一段中的"Changing technology also means that more people are exposed to video games. A new breed of casual gamers has come"可知,不断变化的技术也意味着更多的人接触电子游戏,这导致新一代休闲游戏玩家的出现,故选D。
2.A 理解具体信息 根据第二段中的"Marc Palaus, who with his colleagues wanted to see if any trends had appeared from the research to date concerning how video games affect the structure and activity of our brains"可知,Marc Palaus和他的同事们想看看迄今为止的研究中是否出现了关于电子游戏如何影响我们大脑结构和活动的趋势。由此可知,Marc Palaus的研究主要集中于电子游戏对玩家大脑的影响。故选A。
3.C 理解具体信息 根据倒数第二段中的"Researchers have found functional and structural changes in the neural reward system in gaming addicts"可知,研究人员发现,游戏成瘾者的神
经奖励系统在功能和结构上都发生了变化。也就是说,一些游戏上瘾者沉迷于游戏是因为他
们的神经奖励系统改变了。故选C。
4.B 推断 根据最后一段中的"As video games are still quite new, the research into their effects is still in its babyhood"可知,由于电子游戏仍然相当新,对其影响的研究仍然处于婴儿期。由此可推知,电子游戏的影响还需要进一步研究。故选B。
By the time I took Kicker home, I was living in a van(小型货车), so he was thrown into van life from day one. At this point, I knew how to make him an outgoing and adaptable dog, and my life was far more adventurous than it had been...
Right out of the gate, I took him to ski touring, which is a lot like cross-country skiing but in wilder terrain. At first, Kicker would just stay nestled(依偎) in my jacket, but as he got stronger, he would run on his own for a little while before I carried him again.
We also went on some winter camping adventures in the high peaks of the Uinta Mountains, and we tried snowkiting. He ran around while I skied. He learned to kiteboard. One time he vomited(呕吐) all over the new cushions on my bed. Boy, did that stay smelly for days! Still, living in a van with a dog was great. With each new day, he got stronger and more independent.
I had dreamed of visiting Alaska since I was a child, so being able to share that trip with Kicker felt incredible. There’s something to be said for shared experiences and how they help develop a strong bond. Together we kayaked, snowmobiled, and even ended up exploring deep blue ice caves in Worthington Glacier. Kicker learned to come snowboarding with me in the mountains of Alaska. He would hike part of the way, and I would carry him the rest. I would always let him run next to me as I boarded, but I usually ended up putting him on my shoulders for the rest of the ride down—he had grown far too big to fit in my jacket.
Having a dog has been one of the most rewarding things in my life. For me, it’s about the time spent together exploring, sharing experiences, working through challenging situations, snuggling, and ultimately taking care of one another.
1What was Kicker like when he was first taken home by the author
A.Sick and pitiful. B.Small and weak.
C.Happy and active. D.Outgoing and adventurous.
2Why was the incident of Kicker’s vomiting mentioned in paragraph 3
A.To illustrate how hard life is in a van.
B.To indicate that raising Kicker was not all roses.
C.To show the importance of taking good care of a pet.
D.To warn us of the trouble a pet can bring to us on a trip.
3What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A.What tricks Kicker learned in Alaska. B.What great experiences the author had.
C.How the author realized his childhood dream. D.How much the author enjoyed Kicker's company.
4What is special about the author’s relationship with Kicker
A.They bond through shared adventures.
B.They help each other to become stronger.
C.They bond through giving each other rewards.
D.They depend on each other in life’s hardest times.
Passage 2
Accompanied by typical Jin opera music, a red-faced performer with a long beard showed up at the hall of a high school in Taiyuan, Shanxi Province. All the students in the hall stood up and craned(伸长) their necks to get a better look. In their eyes, Jin opera was something from the past.
They are not alone. It goes without saying that kids nowadays are much more familiar with popular music than traditional opera, which is why performing artist Wu Lingyun, together with his colleagues, goes to campuses to promote the art.
Wu Lingyun is best known for his role as Guan Gong, a general during the late Eastern Han Dynasty period.
Wu began playing the role in 1985, at the age of 21, and has been associated with it ever since.
Wu was significantly influenced by his parents, both of whom are also famous Jin opera performers. With a natural talent for performing and great effort, Wu was soon recognized by audiences and later awarded the Plum Performance Award in 2000, the highest award for Chinese drama performing arts.
Given Wu’s considerable fame, one might think he would now prefer to enjoy a life of leisure. However, this is far from the case. Deep down, Wu has a big dream. He pictures a growing future for Jin opera. Wu expected more chances for more people to get to know about the art, hoping Jin opera could become a worldwide art.
Wu has also made some changes to the traditional art to bring it up-to-date."Jin opera should keep pace with the times if we want to bring it back to life and get the young generation to accept it," he says. "An art without life can never survive."
1How did the students react to the performance at the hall
A.They became bored. B.They got disappointed.
C.They felt curious. D.They looked casual.
2What do we know about Wu Lingyun
A.He got a top award in 2000.
B.He started his performance in his teens.
C.He now enjoys a leisure life.
D.He became famous because of his parents.
3What does Wu Lingyun expect of Jin opera
A.It’ll be studied as a college major. B.It’ll be officially recognized.
C.It’ll have an easier performing form. D.It’ll be popular across the world.
4Which of the following best describes Wu Lingyun
A.Humorous. B.Kind-minded.
C.Cautious. D.Devoted.
Passage 3
I am thinking today about my new favorite thing. It’s an app that my husband told me a few years ago that helps me bypass all the obstacles(障碍) in my way: potholes, heavy traffic, and even speed cameras.
To be honest, when my husband first told me about it, I didn’t pay much attention. I was only going to places I already knew how to get to. Plus, I learned to drive from my father—who never turned to a map. I think I mistakenly absorbed the message that real drivers didn’t need a map; you somehow just magically knew where to go. It was only later that I realized that just getting a driver’s license didn't mean you knew how to get to places—that was lesson one. Lesson two came when my kids started playing on two different travel teams. The drivers in our household suddenly had the need to head in different directions on the same day.
Suddenly my app became very meaningful to me. How did I ever manage to get to strange playing fields hidden somewhere without it But the crazy thing I have also noticed is how often I just don't listen to it. Why might that be Do I just prefer the old routes, even if they are actually worse I see an analogy(类比) to the present moment. There is evidence that some old ideas and some long familiar ideas will send us into a boring unchanging lifestyle. But for some reason we like them better than an unfamiliar new route that might take us into areas we’ve never heard of, let alone visited.
It can be hard to admit we don’t know everything. As a person who still drives an 8-year-old stick shift and who has never stood in line for anything new, I certainly understand that. But I also try to remember the times I let go of my ego(自负), or my fear, and learned that life could be better. Not perfect—but better. I am glad I finally listened to my husband about that app. He was right.
1What did the author think of the app at the very beginning
A.It was magical. B.It was practically valueless.
C.It was powerful. D.It was not as good as a map.
2What would probably make the author ignore the app’s instructions
A.Her desire to explore alone.
B.Her doubt about the new device.
C.Her preference for the new routes.
D.Her refusal to experience changes.
3What can be inferred about the author from the last paragraph
A.She is willing to challenge herself. B.She cares little about others’comments.
C.She recognizes her problems easily. D.She is too inflexible to make any change.
4Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A.Real Drivers Know Their Way B.It Pays to Take a New Route
C.New Apps Make Life Perfect D.It Matters to Listen to Inner Voice
Passage 4
Jobs that use both technical and creative thinking are among the fastest-growing and highest-paying ones, according to a new report from Burning Glass Technologies, a job market analytic company in Boston.
It studied millions of job postings to better understand the skills companies require. What they discovered was that many want workers with experience in such new abilities as big-data gathering and analysis, or design using digital technology.
Burning Glass came up with the term"hybrid jobs" to describe these kinds of positions, which require skills not normally found together. For example, these hybrid jobs might require people with skills in data science and advertising, or engineering and sales. "The jobs of the future don't involve just one skill, " says Matt Sigelman, CEO of Burning Glass.
The company expects general job growth of about 10% between 2018 and 2028, but the hybrid jobs by 21%. What’s more, hybrid jobs pay more than positions that call for a traditional set of skills. For example, a marketing manager mastering a database program gets paid 41% more than a traditional one, with an average yearly salary of $100,000. Moreover, an engineer who improves her sales skills and becomes a consulting engineer for a software company can more than double her pay from $180,000 to $400,000.
While data shows that workers who fail to update their skills will be able to find fewer jobs, people in hybrid jobs are less likely to become out of date, with only 12% possibility of being replaced by machines, compared with 42% for general jobs, says Burning Glass. Hybrid jobs are mostly not beginner roles, so they mainly go to workers with years of experience and, most importantly, more training after leaving college. That means workers, bosses and educators will have to think about how to better prepare people for these roles.
1Why did the company research into job advertisements
A.To understand the growth of best paid workers.
B.To compare workers’experience with new abilities.
C.To find out companies’requirements about skills.
D.To tell the possible changes in future job market.
2Which of the following jobs can be hybrid
A.Data engineer. B.Machine operator. C.Marketing manager. D.Medical consultant.
3How much is a traditional marketing manager possibly paid every year
A.$180,000. B.$71,000. C.$41,000. D.$10,000.
4Which of the following is the best title for this passage
A.Future Jobs Requiring "Hybrid" Skills B.How to Get Trained for Jobs
C.Tips on Finding Fastest-Growing Jobs D.The Jobs with Highest Pay
Passage 5
Maria Jones had just finished teaching a yoga class when she happened to notice an elderly man walking around by himself in the city centre of Aberdeen, Scotland.
As they shared a packet of chocolate bars over a coffee, Maria learned that Tom Smith, who was 83,had left his home that day for the first time in three years. Driven by extreme loneliness, he decided to take a ride on the bus. He’d taken two different buses that day.
According to Age UK, 1.1 million older people rely on using public transport for company. While health and mobility issues can lead to social isolation, the upsetting effect of the cost of living crisis has contributed to a loneliness epidemic(流行病)among the UK’s older population.
Senior expert Sally Baker sees the necessity of establishing a programme to reconnect the older people with their local communities. And helping them access local transport links is the first step. She says that she understands why travelling on public transport can help reduce loneliness. It offers a setting for conversations to spark up. "Sitting side by side is often less inhibiting(约束的)than direct eye contact, "she says.
However, Age UK is aware that many older people feel worried about getting out and about, with 38 percent saying they don’t feel confident using public transport.
That’s why the charity has initiated the Travelling Companions’pilot programme, designed to help older people who might be feeling lonely to get out and about confidently. Each older person is matched with a volunteer who will help them achieve their travel goals.
One man at 80,who has been helped by Age UK’s new project, says, "The programme is making my world a lot bigger and brighter."
1Why is Tom Smith’s experience mentioned in the text
A.To give an example of someone getting lost.
B.To introduce the major topic to be discussed.
C.To illustrate the boring daily life of 80-year-olds.
D.To stress the value of chatting with older people.
2What can we learn from paragraph 4
A.Older people need help to rebuild social connections.
B.Travelling alone on buses can be unsafe for older people.
C.Many older people take buses to ease anxiety.
D.It's necessary to offer older people free bus rides.
3What is Age UK according to the text
A.A research institute. B.A senior citizen care centre.
C.A bus company. D.A charity organization.
4What is the text mainly about
A.The widespread old age problem in the UK.
B.Loneliness among the UK’s older population.
C.A programme to help older people use public transport.
D.Volunteers who accompany the elderly people on their trips.
Passage 6
Los Angeles native Randall Bartlett sat under the rooftop of a traditional Chinese scholar’s studio, occasionally turning a page of his book. The scene was in the reopened Liu Fang Yuan garden at the Huntington Library, Art Museum and Botanical Gardens. For him, the garden brings to life the Chinese philosophies he learned from books.
Phillip E. Bloom, director of the Center for East Asian Garden Studies, said the idea for Liu Fang Yuan goes back to the 1980s with the initial aim of creating a collection of Chinese plants, but after research, they realized plants alone were not sufficient to demonstrate the essence of a Chinese garden. Eventually, it was decided to model a garden on 16th and 17th century scholarly retreats(隐居处) in Suzhou.
The decision was made partly due to the fame of Suzhou classical gardens, but also because similarities were found between the Huntington and Suzhou gardens. Bloom said that Henry Huntington, founder of the Huntington Library, was a successful US businessman who used his fortune to collect rare books, artworks and to create gardens. "Many Suzhou gardens were also created by rich people who tried to pursue a scholarly lifestyle," he added.
To preserve the character of the Suzhou gardens, the Huntington Library sought help from Suzhou, giving rise to collaboration between US and Chinese architects, contractors and designers. In all stages of construction, artisans(工匠) from Suzhou came to work on details of the venue.
After three years of expansion from 2018 to 2020, Liu Fang Yuan reopened to the public with 4.6 hectares of new landscapes, making it one of the largest classical-style Chinese gardens in the world. The additions include a complex of walled courtyards displaying penjing, a replica of a scholar’s studio, a pavilion(亭子) situated at the garden’s highest point, etc.
Now, it is meaningful to see how people from local communities interact with the garden. "A lot of volunteers come to different lectures about Chinese culture or to concerts that we hold regularly," Bloom said. By exposing its visitors to arts and literature, Liu Fang Yuan goes beyond international boundaries and bridges the cultural gaps between the two countries.
1What do we know about Liu Fang Yuan
A.It used to be a scholarly retreat in Suzhou.
B.It was constructed by Suzhou artisans alone.
C.It became the largest garden after being expanded.
D.It promotes cultural exchanges between America and China.
2What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A.The introduction to the founder. B.The fame of Suzhou classical gardens.
C.The features of a scholarly lifestyle. D.The reasons for modeling a Suzhou garden.
3What does the underlined word "collaboration" in paragraph 4 mean
A.negotiation B.cooperation C.inspiration D.contradiction
4Why did Bloom mention local people’s interactions with the garden
A.To show its cultural significance.
B.To detail its architectural features.
C.To promote its diverse activities.
D.To boost its international fame.
Passage 7
According to a recent study, children explore more than adults and it helps then learn better than grown-ups. The study notes that when adults attempt something new but get a negative result, they often won’t try it again.
Dr. Alison Gopnik, one of the co-authors, said, "That might seem like the most basic kind of intelligence—even rats stay away from a path leading to a shock. The downside is that we will never learn the world is more complicated. Children, however, have intense curiosity and drive to explore and this helps them learn many different things quickly."
Together with NYU scientist Emily Liquin, Gopnik conducted a scientific experiment to test if young children’s drive to explore more than grown-ups influences the way they learn.
They gave 64 young children and 87 adults a game where each placed different blocks on a machine with one rule: If the machine lights up, they get a prize consisting of a star, but if the machine doesn’t light up, they lose twice as much. The goal of the game was to discover that all the blocks work except for the ones with white spots.
Most of the children were able to figure out the rule correctly, whereas more than 70% adults couldn’t, but it came at a cost: The children earned fewer stars.
The experiment shows adults often leap to faster conclusions, while children are more willing to explore and gather more information before they decide on a result.
The experiment only studied four to seven-year-olds compared to adults in the United States, noting that more research is needed to generalize it to a broader population and context, according to the paper.
Gopnik concluded, "We grown-ups are often so anxious to get the result that we don’t explore, and so afraid of losing stars that we miss the chance to learn something new. Children, however, are natural explorers, willing to sacrifice stars for the sake of information. We need both types of thinking to grow up, but adults might learn something from those curious kids."
1Why did Gopnik mention rats in Paragraph 2
A.To show adults’ avoiding bad results is understandable.
B.To compare whether adults are much cleverer than rats.
C.To tell us rats are appropriate subjects in experiments.
D.To suggest that rats are clever enough to choose safe paths.
2What do we know about the experiment
A.It aimed to test if children have more drive to explore.
B.Most adults could understand the game rule correctly.
C.Children got better results than adults in the game.
D. It has some limitations and needs further research.
3What does Gopnik mean according to the last paragraph
A.Adults’ way of thinking should be abandoned.
B.The two ways of thinking should be combined.
C.Children are better at getting information.
D.Adults should learn to think in children’s way.
4Based on the study, which of the following is desirable in educating kids
A.Inspiring kids to explore regardless of risks.
B.Encouraging kids to be brave to try new things.
C.Motivating kids to draw conclusions quickly.
D.Teaching kids not to care about gains and losses.
Passage 8
Do you play video games If so, you aren’t alone. Video games are becoming more common and are increasingly enjoyed by adults. The average age of gamers has been increasing and was estimated to be 35 in 2016. Changing technology also means that more people are exposed to video games. A new breed of casual gamers has come, who play on smart phones and tablets at spare moments throughout the day. But do they have any effect on our brains and behavior
Over the years, the media have made various claims about video games and their effect on our health and happiness."Games have sometimes been praised or demonized, often without real data backing up those claims. Moreover, gaming is a popular activity, so everyone seems to have strong opinions on the topic," says Marc Palaus, who with his colleagues wanted to see if any trends had appeared from the research to date concerning how video games affect the structure and activity of our brains. They collected the results from 116 scientific studies, 22 of which looked at structural changes in the brain and 100 of which looked at changes in brain functionality and behavior.
The studies show that playing video games can change how our brains perform, and even their structure. For example, playing video games affects our attention, and some studies found that gamers show improvements in several types of attention, such as sustained attention or selective attention. Video games can also be addictive, and this kind of addiction is called"Internet gaming disorder". Researchers have found functional and structural changes in the neural reward system in gaming addicts. These neural changes are basically the same as those seen in other addictive disorders.
So, what do all these brain changes mean "We focused on how the brain reacts to video game exposure, but these effects do not always translate to real-life changes," says Palaus. As video games are still quite new, the research into their effects is still in its babyhood.
1What factor causes a new breed of casual gamers to appear
A.Video games become more and more attractive.
B.The pressure from work becomes bigger and bigger.
C.Modern adults are usually very curious about new things.
D.The advanced technology makes games easily accessible.
2What does Palaus’s research mainly focus on
A.What effects video games have on gamers’ brains.
B.Which brain regions are affected by video games.
C.How video games affect health and happiness.
D.Why video games influence gamers’ brains.
3According to the research, why do some gamers get addicted to video games
A.Because their memory systems are disturbed.
B.Because their sustained attention is improved.
C.Because their neural reward systems are changed.
D.Because the inner structure of their brain is changed.
4What can we learn from the last paragraph
A.Addiction to video games will effect our daily life.
B.The influence of video games needs a further study.
C.There should be certain laws to regulate video games.
D.Video game exposure brings harm instead of benefits.
【解析】 本文主要讲述了作者和小狗Kicker一起历险的故事,在历险的过程中,小狗Kicker逐渐长大,学会了很多技能,作者和小狗Kicker之间的关系也变得更加亲密。
1.B 推断 根据第二段中的"At first, Kicker would just stay nestled(依偎) in my jacket, but as he got stronger, he would run on his own for a little while before I carried him again"可知,Kicker起初只是依偎在作者的夹克里,但随着它越来越强壮,在作者再次抱着它之前,它会
自己跑一会儿。由此可推知,刚开始的时候,小狗又小又弱。故选B项。
2.B 理解目的 根据上下文可知,作者带着Kicker一起历险,相处融洽,而Kicker吐在垫子上这个小插曲说明,作者养Kicker的过程也不全是轻松愉快的,故选B项。
3.D 理解主旨要义(段落大意) 第四段的第一句为本段的主旨句,即作者从小就梦想着去阿拉斯加旅游,所以能够与Kicker分享那次旅行感觉特别棒。整个段落围绕该主旨句,说明作者非常喜欢和Kicker一起历险。故选D项。
4.A 推断 通读全文,尤其是最后一段可知,作者带着Kicker一起探索、分享经历、克服挑战、相互依偎,并最终照顾彼此,Kicker在历险的过程中逐渐长大,学会了多种技能,作者和Kicker之间的关系变得愈加亲密,故选A项。
【解析】 本文主要讲述的是晋剧表演艺术家武凌云的艺术成就以及他推广晋剧,希望其成为一门世界性艺术所做的努力。
1.C 理解具体信息 根据第一段中的"All the students in the hall stood up and craned(伸长) their necks to get a better look"可知,大厅里的所有学生都站了起来,伸长了脖子,以便看得更清楚。由此可知,孩子们对这项艺术表演充满了好奇。故选C项。
2.A 理解具体信息 根据倒数第三段中的"With a natural talent for performing and great effort, Wu was soon recognized by audiences and later awarded the Plum Performance Award in 2000, the highest award for Chinese drama performing arts"可知,武凌云在2000年获得了中国戏剧表演艺术最高奖——梅花表演奖。故选A项。
3.D 推断 根据倒数第二段中的"Wu expected more chances for more people to get to know about the art, hoping Jin opera could become a worldwide art"可知,武凌云希望有更多的机会让更多的人了解晋剧艺术,希望晋剧能够成为一门世界性的艺术。由此可知,他希望晋剧在全世界受欢迎。故选D项。
4.D 推断(人物特征) 根据倒数第二段"Given Wu’s considerable fame, one might think he would now prefer to enjoy a life of leisure. However, this is far from the case...Wu expected more chances for more people to get to know about the art, hoping Jin opera could become a worldwide art"和尾段中的"Wu has also made some changes to the traditional art to bring it up-to-date"可知,武凌云在取得一定成就后想将晋剧推广到全世界,而且还对晋剧做出改变,使其与时俱进,由此可推断,武凌云是一个对自己的事业全身心投入的人。故选D项。
【解析】 作者从对使用一款应用程序的看法的改变领悟出我们应学会接受改变。
1.B 理解具体信息 根据第二段中的"To be honest, when my husband first told me about it, I didn’t pay much attention"和"I think I mistakenly absorbed the message that real drivers didn’t need a map"可知,当作者的丈夫第一次告诉作者这个应用程序时,她并没有太在意,并且错误地吸收了真正的司机不需要地图的信息。由此可知,当作者一开始接触这个应用程序时,她觉得它毫无价值。故选B。
2.D 理解具体信息 根据第三段中的"There is evidence that some old ideas and some long familiar ideas will send us into a boring unchanging lifestyle. But for some reason we like them better than an unfamiliar new route"可知,有证据表明,一些古老的想法和一些长期熟悉的想法会把我们带入一种无聊的、一成不变的生活方式。但出于某种原因,我们更喜欢它们,而不是陌生的新路线。由此说明,作者忽略这个应用程序的指示是因为她拒绝经历改变。故选D。
3.A 推断 根据最后一段中的"But I also try to remember the times I let go of my ego(自负), or my fear, and learned that life could be better. Not perfect—but better. I am glad I finally listened to my husband about that app"可知,作者试着记住那些放下自负或恐惧,并明白生活可以变得更好的时刻。不完美但更好。她很高兴最终听了她丈夫关于那款应用程序的建议。由此可以推断出,作者愿意挑战自己。故选A。
4.B 理解主旨要义(标题判断) 作者从对使用一款应用程序的看法的改变领悟出我们应学会接受改变;从最后一段中的"But I also try to remember the times I let go of my ego(自负), or my fear, and learned that life could be better. Not perfect—but better. I am glad I finally listened to my husband about that app"可以看出,作者最后愿意挑战自己。因此B项"It Pays to Take a New Route (走一条新路线是值得的)"最适合作本文的标题。故选B。
【解析】 本文介绍了什么是复合型职业,并提到未来找工作需要拥有多种技能。
1.C 理解具体信息 根据第二段中的"It studied millions of job postings to better understand the skills companies require"可知,它研究了数百万份招聘启事,以更好地了解公司所需的技能。故选C。
2.A 推断 根据第三段中的"For example,these hybrid jobs might require people with skills in data science and advertising, or engineering and sales"可知,这些复合型工作可能需要具备数据科学和广告技能,或者工程和销售技能的人。由此可推断,数据工程师的工作可能是复合型的。故选A。
3.B 理解具体信息(数字计算) 根据第四段中的"For example, a marketing manager mastering a database program gets paid 41% more than a traditional one,with an average yearly salary of $100,000"可知,掌握数据库程序的营销经理的平均年薪为10万美元,比传统的营销经理高出41%,那么传统营销经理的年薪可能是:100 000美元÷(1+41%)≈71 000美元。故选B。
4.A 理解主旨要义(标题判断) 根据第一段中的"Jobs that use both technical and creative thinking are among the fastest-growing and highest-paying ones"和最后一段中的"While data shows that workers who fail to update their skills will be able to find fewer jobs, people in hybrid jobs are less likely to become out of date...compared with 42% for general jobs"可知,同时需要技术和创造性思维的工作是增长最快、收入最高的工作之一。虽然数据显示,无
法更新技能的工人能找到的工作更少,但从事复合型工作的人不太可能过时,只有12%的可能性被机器取代,而一般工作的可能性为42%。由此可知,未来找工作需要拥有多种技能。故选A。
【解析】 根据Age UK的数据显示,英国110万老年人依赖公共交通出行,考虑到老年人对
公共交通缺乏信心,该慈善机构发起了"旅伴"试点项目,旨在帮助那些可能感到孤独的老年人自信地走出家门。
1.B 理解目的 明题意:本题问"文中为什么提到Tom Smith的经历 "→寻线索:根据第一段和第二段内容可知,83岁的Tom Smith在极度孤独的驱使下决定乘公共汽车去兜风;紧接着提到了Age UK机构的数据和该机构"旅伴"试点项目的发起→定答案:由此可知,作者提到Tom Smith的经历是为了介绍下文要讨论的"旅伴"试点项目,这是文章的主要议题,故选B。
2.A 理解具体信息 第四段提到让老年人与当地社区重新联系起来很有必要,这样做的第一步就是帮助他们接触当地的交通线路,因为乘坐公共交通工具时并肩而坐没有直接的眼神交流那么受约束,也就提供了一个便于交流的环境。故从该段中我们得知,老年人要想重建社会关系,就需要帮助,故选A。
3.D 理解具体信息 第五段提到Age UK意识到许多老年人对出行感到担忧,第六段提到这就是为什么该慈善机构发起了"旅伴"试点项目。由此可推知,第六段中的the charity 指的就是Age UK,即Age UK是一个慈善机构,故选D。
4.C 理解主旨要义(文章大意) 通读全文可知,文章主要介绍了Age UK发起的"旅伴"试点项目,旨在帮助感到孤独的老年人乘坐公共交通,减少孤独感,重建社区联系。由此可知,C项最能概括本文的主旨。
【二次精读】
核心单词:loneliness n. 孤独 mobility n. 流动能力;活动性 confidently adv. 自信地 match vt. 使成对,使相配
核心短语:rely on依赖 contribute to有助于,导致 spark up突然引发(交谈、争论、友谊等) achieve one’s goal 实现目标
难句分析:That’s why the charity has initiated the Travelling Companions’ pilot programme, designed to help
why引导的表语从句 过去分词短语作older people (who might be feeling lonely to get out and about confidently).
定语 who引导的定语从句
译文:这就是为什么该慈善机构发起了"旅伴"试点项目,旨在帮助那些可能感到孤独的老年人自信地到外面活动。
【解析】 本文介绍了以中国的苏州园林为模版,在中美建筑师、承包商和设计师的合作下,美国的流芳园重新开放。
1.D 推断 根据最后一段中的"By exposing its visitors to arts and literature, Liu Fang Yuan goes beyond international boundaries and bridges the cultural gaps between the two countries"可知,通过让游客接触艺术和文学,流芳园超越了国际边界,弥合了两国之间的文化鸿沟。由此可知,流芳园在促进中美之间的文化交流方面起着重要的作用。故选D。
2.D 理解主旨要义(段落大意) 根据第三段第一句"The decision was made partly due to the fame of Suzhou classical gardens, but also because similarities were found between the Huntington and Suzhou gardens"可知,因为亨廷顿和苏州园林之间有相似之处,同时因为苏州古典园林有名气,所以作出了这一决定。因此本段主要讲述流芳园会以苏州园林为模版来设计的原因。故选D。
3.B 理解词汇 根据画线词前的"To preserve the character of the Suzhou gardens, the Huntington Library sought help from Suzhou"和画线词后的"In all stages of construction, artisans(工匠) from Suzhou came to work on details of the venue"可知,为了保持苏州园林的特色,亨廷顿图书馆向苏州寻求帮助,在建设的各个阶段,来自苏州的工匠会到工作的场地参与细节问题的工作。由此说明,中美建筑师、承包商和设计师在这个过程中进行了合作,故画线词指"合作",故选B。
4.A 推断 根据最后一段中的"Now, it is meaningful to see how people from local communities interact with the garden"和"By exposing its visitors to arts and literature, Liu Fang Yuan goes beyond international boundaries and bridges the cultural gaps between the two countries"可知,现在,看到当地社区的人们如何与
花园互动是很有意义的。通过让游客接触艺术和文学,流芳园超越了国际边界,弥合了两国之间的文化鸿沟。由此可推知,通过提及当地人和流芳园的互动,充分说明流芳园在中美之间的文化交流方面起着重要的作用。故选A。
【解析】 本文主要介绍了相较于成年人,儿童更愿意探索,尝试新事物,这有助于他们更好地学习,在这一点上,成年人应该向儿童学习。
1.A 推断 第二段中的"That might seem like the most basic kind of intelligence—even rats stay away from a path leading to a shock"可知,这似乎是一种最基本的智力——即使是老鼠也会远离导致电击的路径。该句中的That指代上一段最后一句中的"when adults attempt something new but get a negative result, they often won't try it again",表示当成年人尝试新事物但结果不理想时,他们通常不会再尝试了。由此可知,作者将成年人避免不良结果与老鼠躲避导致电击的路径进行类比,旨在说明趋利避害是具有基本智力的生物的共性,因此成年人的这一行为是可以理解的。故选A。
2.D 理解具体信息 根据倒数第二段"The experiment only studied four to seven-year-olds compared to adults in the United States, noting that more research is needed to generalize it to a broader population and context, according to the paper"可知,该实验只将美国4到7岁的儿童与成年人进行了对比,因此它有一定的局限性,需要进一步研究。故选D。
3.B 推断 根据最后一段Gopnik所说的话可知,成年人常常急于得到结果,以至于他们不去探索,因为害怕失去星星而错过了学习新东西的机会。然而,孩子们是天生的探险家,他们愿意为了获取信息而牺牲星星。我们需要这两种思维方式来成长,但成年人可以从这些好奇的孩子身上学到一些东西。故可推知,Gopnik的意思是这两种思维方式应该结合起来。故选B。
4.B 推断 根据最后一段中的"Children, however, are natural explorers, willing to sacrifice stars for the sake of information. We need both types of thinking to grow up, but adults might learn something from those
curious kids"可知,孩子们是天生的探险家,他们愿意为了获取信息而牺牲星星。我们在成长过程中需要这两种思维方式,但成年人可以从这些好奇的孩子身上学到一些东西。故可推知,基于这项研究,在教育孩子方面,我们应该鼓励孩子勇敢地尝试新事物。故选B。
【解析】 研究人员对电子游戏对玩家大脑的影响进行了研究。他们发现,游戏成瘾者的神经奖励系统在功能和结构上都发生了变化。
1.D 理解具体信息 根据第一段中的"Changing technology also means that more people are exposed to video games. A new breed of casual gamers has come"可知,不断变化的技术也意味着更多的人接触电子游戏,这导致新一代休闲游戏玩家的出现,故选D。
2.A 理解具体信息 根据第二段中的"Marc Palaus, who with his colleagues wanted to see if any trends had appeared from the research to date concerning how video games affect the structure and activity of our brains"可知,Marc Palaus和他的同事们想看看迄今为止的研究中是否出现了关于电子游戏如何影响我们大脑结构和活动的趋势。由此可知,Marc Palaus的研究主要集中于电子游戏对玩家大脑的影响。故选A。
3.C 理解具体信息 根据倒数第二段中的"Researchers have found functional and structural changes in the neural reward system in gaming addicts"可知,研究人员发现,游戏成瘾者的神
经奖励系统在功能和结构上都发生了变化。也就是说,一些游戏上瘾者沉迷于游戏是因为他
们的神经奖励系统改变了。故选C。
4.B 推断 根据最后一段中的"As video games are still quite new, the research into their effects is still in its babyhood"可知,由于电子游戏仍然相当新,对其影响的研究仍然处于婴儿期。由此可推知,电子游戏的影响还需要进一步研究。故选B。