人教版（2019）必修第三册Unit4 Space Exploration单元基础知识检测卷（含解析）

人教版必修三Unit4 Space Exploration
单元基础知识检测练习（词汇、语法、句式、写作）
满分：60分 建议用时：60分钟
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(每小题1分，共20分)
Why do you turn to me when you can work out the problem
( independent )
2.Though the Internet is beneficial , we should use our ( intelligent ) and not be a slave to it !
3. Al has an unlimited number of applications, from autonomous
( vehicle ) to domestic robots .
4. I am ( determine ) to concentrate all my energy on study .
5. They tended to lose cognitive functions at a much slower rate than those with the least ( mental ) challenging jobs .
6. She was tired of the life in the countryside and desired
( go ) out to the city .
7. All passengers board are expected to fasten the seat belts when the plane takes off and lands .
8. our disappointment , we hurried to the museum yesterday morning , only to find it was closed for construction work .
9. He stood up, signalling the officer that he had finished with his client .
10. Most parents think their approaches to raising children different from
of their parents .
11.The most important thing is to try not to let a calm discussion turn into a heated ( argue ).
12. In this increasingly ( globalise ) society , we should seize every opportunity to enrich ourselves .
13. It was lack of confidence that resulted his failure in the competition .
14. Travelling abroad was limited rich tourists and wealthy business people decades ago .
15. It is important to figure exactly what you want the audience to know and what you get them to do .
16. This is the only way that I can think of ( settle ) the problem of the waste of water in urban areas .
17. Scientists have warned that coral reefs are likely to become the world ' s first ecosystem ( disappear ) because of global warming .
18. ( pay ) for her college education , she spent two years working as a cleaner for a rich family in her neighbourhood .
19. They are living with their parents now because their own house
( paint ).
20. Child he is , he knows a lot of Chinese characters .
Ⅱ. 根据提示补全句子。 (每小题2分，共10分)
这个国家大部分的年轻人都渴求知识。（名词 desire )
Most young people in the country
.
即使有困难，他们依然会坚持做志愿工作。( carry on )
Even if there is difficulty , they will still
.
《大白鲨》获得了巨大的成功，吸引了大批观众，并赢得了许多奖项。（现在分词）
Jaws was a great success , attracting huge audiences and
.
要想成功，首先要做的就是对自己的行为负责。（动词不定式作后置定语）
To be successful , is that you should be responsible for your actions .
许多年轻人涌向大城市，这是因为那里有很多工作机会。（表语从句）
Many young people flock to big cities. there are many job opportunities.
Ⅲ. 语法填空(二选一)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（每小题1.5分，共15分）
A (课文改编语法填空)
Humans have always looked up at the stars and wanted to learn more about space. 1 ( determine ) to find out the secrets of the universe , scientists work hard to make 2 ( vehicle ) to carry people into space .
In the mid -20th century , rockets that were powerful enough to overcome Earth ' s gravity were developed , making space exploration 3 reality. On 4 October, 1957, the USSR successfully launched the first satellite into space. In 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first human 4 ( travel ) into space .20 July ,1969 was a 5 ( history ) day for space travel ; astronaut Neil Armstrong walked on the surface of the moon .
Although China ' s space programme started later 6 those of Russia and the US , it has made great progress in a short time . In 2003, Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft , 7 made China the third country in the world to 8 ( independent ) send humans into space . More recently , China has made history by landing Chang ' e 4 on the far side of the moon .
However , accidents that result 9 the deaths of the astronauts still happen , despite scientists ' efforts to make sure nothing goes wrong . But the desire to explore space never 10 ( fade ) away . Europe , the US , and China all have plans to explore planets like Mars and Jupiter . So the future of space exploration remains bright .
B（话题拓展语法填空）
I wonder if you have received an invitation to spend a Moon Day , 1 is officially celebrated on July 20 every year . Moon Day 2 ( mark ) the first human landing on the moon successfully that occurred on July 20,1969. Moon Day 3 ( celebrate ) in the US to mark one of the greatest achievements in human history ever since . So far , only a few 4 ( astronaut ) have landed on the moon .
Moon Day is not celebrated 5 ( mere ) by NASA , but also by space fans . One way6 ( celebrate ) Moon Day is to make something about the moon like cutting paper moons . Children are made to bake cookies and cut them into the shape of the moon , apart from 7 ( learn ) some facts about the moon on this occasion . It is especially important that we celebrate Moon Day with children . In this way , children can learn about what happened on July 20,1969, 8 understand the importance of this event . Many people have devoted all their lives 9 the research into the moon. As for young people , they must go to great 10 ( long ) to study hard for the future even if there is a long way to go!
Ⅳ. 单元话题写作（15分）
最近，你班同学就“太空探索是否值得”这一话题展开了一场讨论。请你根据下列提供的信息，用英语写一篇短文介绍讨论的情况。
30%的同学认为太空探索不值得；
70%的同学认为值得探索。
参考答案：
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1.independently句意为：既然你能独立地解决这个问题，为什么还要找我帮忙？此处修饰动词短语 work out ，应用副词作状语。
2. intelligence 句意为：虽然互联网是有益的，但我们应该利用我们的智慧，并且不应成为它的奴隶！设空处作 use 的宾语且空前有形容词性物主代词，应用名词。故填 intelligence 。
3. vehicles 句意为：从自动驾驶汽车到家用机器人，人工智能的用途是无限的。 vehicle 为可数名词，设空处与 robots 为平行结构，应用 vehicle 的复数形式。
4.determined句意为：我决心把全部精力集中在学习上。 be determined to do sth 意为"下定决心做某事"，故填 determined 。
5. mentally 句意为：他们失去认知功能的速度往往比那些从事脑力挑战性最低的工作的人要慢得多。设空处修饰形容词 challenging ，故填副词 mentally 。
6.to go 句意为：她厌倦了乡村生活，渴望外出到城市去。 desire to do sth 为固定搭配，意为"渴望做某事"。故填 to go 。
7.on句意为：飞机起降时，机上所有乘客都应系好安全带。 on board 为固定搭配，在此处意为"在飞机上"。故填 on 。
8.To句意为：令我们失望的是，昨天上午我们匆匆赶到博物馆，却发现博物馆因施工而闭馆。 to one ' s disappointment 为固定短语，意为"令某人失望的是"。故填 To 。
9.to句意为：他站起身来，向警官示意他已经和他的当事人谈完了。 signal to sb 为固定搭配，意为"示意某人"。故填 to 。
10 those 句意为：大多数父母认为他们抚养孩子的方法与他们父母的（方法）不同。为避免重复，代指前文出现的 approaches 应用 those 。
11. argument 句意为：最重要的是尽力不要让平静的讨论变成激烈的争吵。设空处作 turn into 的宾语，且空前有形容词 heated 修饰，故应用名词；由不定冠词 a 可知，应用单数形式。故填 argument 。
12. globalised句意为：身处日益全球化的社会中，我们应该把握每个机会去充实自己。设空处修饰名词 society ，作定语，表示"被全球化的"，应用 globalised 。
13.in句意为：就是缺乏信才导致他在比赛中失败。设空后为结果， result in 为固定搭配，意为"导致，造成"。故填 in 。
14.to句意为：几十年前出国旅游还仅限于有钱的游客和富有的商人。 be limited to 为固定搭配，意为"局限于"。故填 to 。
15.out句意为：弄清楚你到底想让观众知道什么和想让他们做什么是很重要的。 figure out 为固定搭配，意为"弄清楚"。故填 out 。
16. to settle 句意为：这是我能想到的解决城市地区水资源浪费问题的唯一办法。设空处作后置定语修饰名词 way ，应用动词不定式。 the way to do sth 意为"做某事的方法"。故填 to settle 。
17. to disappear 句意为：科学家警告说，由于全球变暖，珊瑚礁可能成为世界上第一个消失的生态系统。被修饰词前有序数词修饰时，应用不定式作后置定语。故填 to disappear 。
18. To pay 句意为：为了支付上大学的费用，她在街区一个富裕家庭中做了两年清洁工。设空处应用非谓语形式，根据句意可知，此处表目的，应用不定式。故填 To pay 。
19.is being painted 分析句子结构可知，设空处为原因状语从句的谓语；结合语境"他们目前和父母一起住"可知，他们的房子应是正在粉刷，时态用现在进行时；从句主语 their own house 与动词 paint 之间为被动关系，所以使用现在进行时的被动语态，且主语为单数，故填 is being painted 。
20.as/ though 分析句子结构可知，此处是让步状语从句的倒未来努力学习，即使有很长的路要走！固定短语 go to great lengths to do 意为"全力以赴去做"。故填 lengths 。装形式，其结构为" n ./ adj ./ adv .+ as / though ＋主语＋谓语"，当名词提前时，该名词前的冠词应省略，因此从句可还原为 As / Though he is a child ，意为"尽管他是个孩子"。故填 as / though 。
Ⅱ. 根据提示补全句子。
1.have a desire for knowledge
2. carry on doing voluntary / volunteer work
3. winning many awards
4. the first thing to do
5. This / lt is because
Ⅲ. 语法填空
A (课文改编语法填空)
Determined be determined to do something为固定搭配，此处为形容词短语作状语。故填 Determined 。
2.vehicles vehicle为可数名词，此处表示复数含义，故应用复数形式。
3.a此处为" make ＋宾语＋宾补"结构， reality 意为"现实存在"时为可数名词，此处表泛指，其前应用不定冠词 a 。 make sth a reality 意为"使某事成为现实"。
4.to travel 名词前有 the first 修饰，其后应用不定式作定语。
5.historic设空处修饰名词，应用形容词形式，此处表示"历史上重要的"，故填 historic 。
6. than
7. which 分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，代指前面整个主句。故填 which 。
8. independently 设空处修饰动词 send ，应用副词。
9. in
10.fades设空处在此是谓语动词，与主语之间是主动关系，根据语境可知，此处在陈述事实，应用一般现在时，主语为单数，故填 fades 。
B（话题拓展语法填空）
1.which分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为 Moon Day ，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，应用关系代词 which 引导该从句。
2.marks句意为：人类月球日纪念人类在1969年7月20日首次成功登陆月球。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作谓语，此处为陈述客观事实，所以时态用一般现在时；主语 Moon Day 为单数，所以谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填 marks .
3. has been celebrated 句意为：自那之后，人类月球日在美国被庆祝，以纪念人类历史上最伟大的成就之一。根据时间状语 ever since 可知，句子的时态要用现在完成时；主语 Moon Day 为单数，与动词 celebrate 之间为被动关系，所以此处应用现在完成时的被动语态，助动词用 has 。故填 has been celebrated 。
4. astronauts 句意为：到目前为止，只有少数宇航员登上了月球。 a few 表示"少数的"，用于修饰可数名词的复数形式。故填 astronauts 。
5. merely 句意为：人类月球日不仅仅是美国国家航空航天局庆祝的日子，也是太空迷们庆祝的日子。此处修饰 by NASA ,应用副词， merely 意为"仅仅"。
6.to celebrate 句意为：庆祝人类月球日的方法之一就是制作一些与月亮相关的东西，比如剪纸月亮。 a way to do sth 表示"做某事的方法", way 表示"方法"时，其后常用不定式作定语。故填 to celebrate 。
7. learning 句意为：除了在这个日子学习一些关于月亮的知识，孩子们还被要求烤饼干，然后将其切成月亮的形状。设空处在介词短语 apart from 后作宾语，应用动名词形式。故填 learning 。
8.and句意为：通过这种方式，孩子们可以了解1969年7月20日发生的事情，并理解这个事件的重要性。分析句子结构并结合语境可知，设空处表示语义顺承， learn 和 understand 并列，故设空处应填连词 and 。
9.to句意为：许多人将自己的一生都奉献给了研究月球。 devote ... to ..．为固定搭配，意为"将……奉献给……"，故填 to 。
10. lengths 句意为：至于年轻人，他们必须不遗余力地为了
Ⅳ. 单元话题写作
Sample Writing
Recently, students in our class have had a discussion on whether space is worth exploring.
30% of us thinkspace exploration is not worthwhile. They think space is too far away from us and our daily life. And the money spent on space exploration can be used to solve the earth’s problems such as starvation and pollution.
On the other hand, 70% thinkspace is worth exploring because we have benefited a lot from it, such as using satellites for communication and weather forecast. What’s more, with further space research, we may solve the population problem by moving to other planets one day. Also, space research will enable us to find new sources to solve the problem of energy shortages on the earth…