河南省信阳高级中学2023-2024学年高二下期04月月考(一)
英语试题
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.Why does John come to Nancy
A.To ask questions.
B.To borrow reference books.
C.To hand in his essay.
2.Where is the man’s envelope now
A.In his room.
B.At the post office.
C.At the front desk.
3.What will Rosie do next
A.Read books.
B.Enjoy music.
C.Go shopping.
4.What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A.Strangers.
B.Co-workers.
C.Driver and passenger.
5.What are the speakers talking about
A.A plan.
B.An English course.
C.An application
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6.Who does the man buy a gift for
A.His sister.
B.His cousin.
C.His mother.
7.What will the man buy
A.A handbag.
B.A handkerchief.
C.A watch.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8.What does Alice like best about her new school
A.The teachers.
B.The environment.
C.The food.
9.What does Alice’s new school look like
A.It is in modern style.
B.It is well equipped.
C.It is newly built.
听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。
10.What encouraged Mr Roberston to go to the Antarctic
A.A training course.
B.A program.
C.A report.
11.What was the biggest danger according to Mr Roberston
A.Falling into ice holes.
B.Losing touch with others.
C.Living in extreme temperatures.
12.What caused the funny noise
A.The wind.
B.The plane.
C.The device.
13.What was a surprise for Mr Roberston and his wife
A.They could leave earlier.
B.They got some fresh food.
C.Someone lived near them.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14.How does Emily find her first surfing lesson
A.Discouraging.
B.Unforgettable.
C.Exciting.
15.How old is Emily’s brother
A.15.
B.22.
C.25.
16.What does Micheal offer to do
A.Teach Emily to surf.
B.Give Emily a surfboard.
C.Talk with Emily’s brother.
17.When will the speakers meet
A.On Wednesday.
B.On Friday.
C.On Saturday.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18.What makes the speaker a frequent visitor to teahouses
A.Their tea.
B.Their atmosphere.
C.Their service.
19.What has the speaker done in the teahouse
A.Settle an argument.
B.Learn Sichuan Opera.
C.Talk about business.
20.Why does the speaker think teahouses have powerful social function
A.People can chat for a day there.
B.They help people makeup faster.
C.They attract like-minded people.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The following courses are what you may be interested in to expand your academic knowledge.
Stanford Online
Stanford Online is the digital extension of Stanford University. You can attend free courses, browse (浏览) the content library or take the courses for credit after paying. The course instructors teach in real-time, so the options change each semester. Different programs you can pursue include graduate and professional education.
Harvard University Online Courses
They offer free and paid classes with a vast subject range, including art and design, business, and computer science. The site’s search features make it easy for you to find classes to fit your schedule. You can browse courses based on your learning plans, such as scheduling classes in two weeks, three months or a year from now.
Open Yale Courses
Open Yale Courses gives you free access to a wide range of Yale University’s classes. There’s no certificate, degree or course credit option available through the site because it’s exclusively a free offering for those who want to expand their academic knowledge. The available classes are classroom recordings and provide the educational material you require for increasing various skills.
MIT OpenCourseWare
It provides individuals with free access to over 2,500 of its undergraduate and graduate classes. All courses are free for users, and there’s no registration required to view and watch the lesson materials. Additionally, the site makes the video classes easy to download for you to watch offline or to share with your friends, family members or colleagues.
1. What makes Harvard University Online Courses special
A. The flexibility. B. No charge.
C. The diverse content. D. No registration.
2. Which course will you take if you don’t want a certificate
A. Stanford Online. B. Harvard University Online Courses.
C. Open Yale Courses. D. MIT OpenCourseWare.
3. What do the listed courses have in common
A. They can be learnt offline. B. They’re offered by universities.
C They are classroom recordings. D. They are developed by students.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了多个在线课程平台，对每个平台的特点和所提供的服务进行了说明，旨在帮助读者了解并选择适合自己的在线课程。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The site’s search features make it easy for you to find classes to fit your schedule. You can browse courses based on your learning plans, such as scheduling classes in two weeks, three months or a year from now. (该网站的搜索功能使您可以轻松找到适合您时间表的课程。你可以根据自己的学习计划浏览课程，比如安排两周、三个月或一年后的课程)”可知，哈佛大学在线课程提供了很大的灵活性，这是它们特殊的一个方面。学习者可以自由地安排学习时间，不受时间和地点的限制。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“There’s no certificate, degree or course credit option available through the site because it’s exclusively a free offering for those who want to expand their academic knowledge. (该网站没有提供证书、学位或课程学分的选项，因为它完全是为那些想要扩展学术知识的人免费提供的)”可知，如果一个人不想要证书可以选择耶鲁大学开放课程。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章内容可知，每个课程都是由大学提供的。Stanford Online是斯坦福大学的数字延伸，Harvard University Online Courses是哈佛大学提供的在线课程，Open Yale Courses是耶鲁大学的开放课程，而MIT OpenCourseWare是麻省理工学院提供的在线课程。因此，这些课程的共同之处是它们都是由大学提供的。故选B。
B
Growing up in Kenya, Lesein Mutunkei, together with his family, always celebrated significant occasions by planting trees, which motivated him to protect the environment. It’s what the now 18-year-old soccer player treasures, especially since Kenya has an ongoing problem with deforestation.
Mutunkei follows in the footsteps of the late Kenyan Nobel Peace Prize winner Wangari Maathai who founded the Green Belt Movement in 1977. This initiative has resulted in the planting of over 51 million trees to date.
In 2018, Lesein decided to start a movement of his own. He started by planting one tree for every goal he scored during a football match. He called it Trees4Goals, and it has grown so much that he now plants 11 trees, one for each member of his team, every time he scores. Through this, he wants to inspire young people, specifically his fellow athletes, to follow in his footsteps, take nature conservation seriously, and promise to plant trees every time they score. As a result, some of them have adapted this practice for their sports. “Seeing that they’re taking that responsibility because of the project I started, for me, that is the biggest achievement,” he said.
The initiative has caught the attention of English football club Arsenal and Kenya’s Ministry of Environment and Forestry, which he now works with regularly and gets advice from.
Like Green Belt Movement, Trees4Goals, which has planted 5,500 trees so far, has made it. While Lesein has received some recognition for his initiative, he sets his sights on making it a worldwide phenomenon. “Football is a universal game, and climate change is a universal problem,” he explains. “It has the power to unite, educate and inspire my generation to create a safer and greener future.” This is why he wants to work with the world’s biggest football federation FIFA.
As for what others can do to fight deforestation or other environmental concerns, the teenager says it’s important to just get involved in some way, no matter how small.
4. What made Lesein get interested in environmental protection
A. The influence of his family.
B. Wangari Maathai’s huge assistances.
C. The demand of the football team.
D. His fellow athletes’ encouragement.
5. Why did Lesein found Trees4Goals
A. To gain Kenya’s support.
B. To set an example for others.
C. To catch Arsenal’s attention.
D. To show his achievements.
6. What is Lesein’s hope for the future of Trees4Goals
A. Promoting football’s development.
B. Going global with the help of FIFA.
C. Beating climate change completely.
D. Getting beyond Green Belt Movement.
7. What can we learn from Lesein’s story
A. Fame is a great thirst of the young.
B. A youth is to be regarded with respect.
C. Positive thinking and action result in success.
D. Success means getting personal desires satisfied.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。在肯尼亚长大的Lesein Mutunkei是一名足球队员，他发起了“一球一树（Trees4Goals）运动”，每进球一次，他为球队的每一位成员种一棵树，激励其他年轻人去保护环境。到目前为止，该运动已经种植了5500棵树。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Growing up in Kenya, Lesein Mutunkei, together with his family, always celebrated significant occasions by planting trees, which motivated him to protect the environment. (在肯尼亚长大的Lesein Mutunkei和他的家人总是通过植树来庆祝重要的节日，这促使他保护环境)”可知，在Lesein成长的过程中，他和他的家人总是以种树的方式来庆祝重要的节日，这激励他去保护环境。故选A。
5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Through this, he wants to inspire young people, specifically his fellow athletes, to follow in his footsteps, take nature conservation seriously, and promise to plant trees every time they score. (他希望借此激励年轻人，特别是他的运动员同伴，跟随他的脚步，认真对待自然保护，并承诺每次得分都要植树)”可知，Lesein发起“一球一树运动”是作出表率来激励他人保护环境。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“While Lesein has received some recognition for his initiative, he sets his sights on making it a worldwide phenomenon.(虽然莱辛的倡议得到了一些认可，但他的目标是让它成为一种全球现象)”及“This is why he wants to work with the world’s biggest football federation FIFA.(这就是为什么他想与世界上最大的足球联盟国际足联合作)”可知，在FIFA的帮助下，Lesein 希望“一球一树运动”走向全球。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Mutunkei follows in the footsteps of the late Kenyan Nobel Peace Prize winner Wangari Maathai who founded the Green Belt Movement in 1977. This initiative has resulted in the planting of over 51 million trees to date.(Mutunkei追随了已故的肯尼亚诺贝尔和平奖得主旺加里·马塔伊的脚步，后者于1977年创立了绿带运动。迄今为止，这一举措已导致种植了5100多万棵树)”及全文内容可知，Lesein从小耳濡目染，很有环保意识，后受到启发，发起了“一球一树运动”并取得了成功。可见，他的故事说明：积极的思考和行动会带来成功。故选C。
C
“One of the reasons I find this topic very interesting is because my mom was a smoker when I was younger.” says Lindson-Hawley, who studies tobacco and health at the University of Oxford.
By studying about 700 adult smokers, she found out that her mom quit the right way—by stopping abruptly and completely.
In her study, participants were randomly assigned to two groups. One had to quit abruptly on a given day, going from about a pack a day to zero. The other cut down gradually over the course of two weeks. People in both groups used nicotine (尼古丁) patches before they quit, in addition to a second form of nicotine replacement, like gum or spray. They also had talk therapy with a nurse before and after quit day.
Six months out, more people who had quit abruptly had stuck with it — more than one-fifth of them, compared to about one-seventh in the other group. Although these numbers appear low, it is much higher than if people try without support.
And the quit rates were particularly convincing given that before the study started, most of the people had said they’d rather cut down gradually before quitting. “If you’re training for a marathon, you wouldn’t expect to turn up and just be able to run it. And I think people see that for smoking as well. They think, “Well, if I gradually reduce, it’s like practice.” says Lindson-Hawley. But that wasn’t the case. Instead of giving people practice, the gradual reduction likely gave them cravings (瘾) and withdrawal symptoms before they even reached quit day, which could be why fewer people in that group actually made it to that point. “Regardless of your stated preference, if you’re ready to quit, quitting abruptly is more effective.” says Dr. Gabriela Ferreira. “When you can quote a specific number like a fifth of the patients were able to quit, that’s convincing. It gives them the encouragement, I think, to really go for it.” Ferreira says.
People rarely manage to quit the first time they try. But at least, she says, they can maximize the odds of success.
8. What does Lindson-Hawley say about her mother
A. She quit smoking with her daughter’s help. B. She studied the smoking patterns of adult smokers.
C. She was also a researcher of tobacco and health. D. She succeeded in quitting smoking suddenly.
9. How does Dr. Gabriela Ferreira view the result of Lindson-Hawley’s experiment
A. It is unexpected. B. It is idealized. C. It is encouraging. D. It is misleading.
10. The idea of “a marathon” (Para.5) illustrates the popular belief that quitting smoking_________.
A. is a challenge at the beginning B. needs some practice first
C. requires a lot of patience D. is something few can accomplish
11. What happens when people try to quit smoking gradually
A. They feel much less pain in the process. B. They are simply unable to make it.
C. They show fewer withdrawal symptoms. D. They find it even more difficult.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了牛津大学的Lindson-Hawley现在研究的一项课题。通过研究700名成年的吸烟者，她发现逐步戒烟有可能会更能使人上瘾甚至出现脱瘾症状，而突然戒烟更有效。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“One of the reasons I find this topic very interesting is because my mom was a smoker when I was younger.(我觉得这个话题很有趣的一个原因是我妈妈在我小的时候是个吸烟者)”以及第二段“By studying about 700 adult smokers, she found out that her mom quit the right way — by stopping abruptly and completely.(通过研究大约700名成年吸烟者，她发现她的妈妈戒烟的方法是正确的——突然彻底戒烟)”可知，Lindson-Hawley的母亲突然成功地戒烟了。故选D。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“When you can quote a specific number like a fifth of the patients were able to quit, that’s convincing. It gives them the encouragement, I think, to really go for it.(当你可以引用一个特定的数字，比如五分之一的患者能够戒烟，这是令人信服的。我认为，这给了他们真正努力的鼓励)”可推知，Gabriela Ferreira博士认为Lindson-Hawley的研究结果令人鼓舞。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“And the quit rates were particularly convincing given that before the study started, most of the people had said they’d rather cut down gradually before quitting.(戒烟率尤其令人信服，因为在研究开始之前，大多数人都说他们宁愿在戒烟前逐渐减少吸烟量)”以及划线词后文“Well, if I gradually reduce, it’s like practice(好吧，如果我逐渐减少，就像练习一样)”可推知，“马拉松”的想法说明了戒烟首先需要一些练习。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“Instead of giving people practice, the gradual reduction likely gave them cravings (瘾) and withdrawal symptoms before they even reached quit day, which could be why fewer people in that group actually made it to that point.(这种逐渐减少的做法非但没有让人们练习，反而可能在他们达到戒烟日之前就给他们带来食欲和戒断症状，这可能就是为什么这一群体中真正达到这一点的人更少的原因)”可推知，当人们尝试逐渐戒烟时会发现这甚至更难。故选D。
D
Scientists have found a new way to break down a group of harmful chemicals very hard to get rid of. The discovery could help solve a dangerous and growing problem — how to clean up the pollution of “forever chemicals”.
The group of chemicals known as PFAS (全氟烷基物) are pretty amazing. They’re non-stick, waterproof, and oil proof. They don’t burn easily or dissolve (溶解) in water. So scientists got really excited when they were discovered. Businesses started putting PFAS in all sorts of products, from non-stick pans to waterproof clothes, and from fire-fighting spray to carpets that resist stains. Even things like food wrappers and floss for cleaning your teeth contain PFAS chemicals.
But after a while, scientists realized the same things that made the chemicals useful also caused a real problem — PFAS doesn’t break down in nature. It doesn’t dissolve in water or bum. Not even bacteria can break PFAS down. No wonder these chemicals are known as “forever chemicals”.
As a result, PFAS chemicals surge in the environment. The chemicals are found in air, water, and dirt around the world — and in animals and people. In the US, 97% of humans have PFAS in their blood.
Luckily, scientists in the US have now found a way to break down some PFAS chemicals. Their solution requires boiling PFAS with two other very common chemicals. These chemicals can be found in just about any laboratory.
Dr. Brittany Trang, one of the scientists involved, said she didn’t even want to test the idea at first. “I thought it was too simple,” she said. But the process worked.
The research involved 10 types of PFAS, including two of the most common kinds. That’s a big step. But there are over 12,000 different kinds of PFAS. It’s important to note that the new method can only break down PFAS chemicals that have already been collected. Figuring out how to remove PFAS chemicals from the environment and collect them remains a huge challenge.
12. What can we infer about PFAS chemicals from paragraph 2
A. Scientists were so excited to invent them.
B. They were environmentally friendly at first.
C. They are really widely used in our daily life.
D They have more advantages than disadvantages.
13. What does the underlined word “surge” in paragraph 4 refer to
A. Increase fast. B. Float everywhere. C. Extend fully. D. React quickly.
14. What does the author think of dealing with PFAS chemicals
A. It’s already too late to get rid of them.
B. There’s still a long way to go about it.
C. The new method is too simple to work well.
D. It’s impossible to get them removed from the environment.
15. Which is the best title for the text
A. Say Goodbye to Forever Chemicals
B. PFAS Chemicals Are a Two-edged Sword
C. PFAS Chemicals Will Remain a Challenge for Long
D. Scientists Find a Way to Break down Forever Chemicals
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。主要说明了全氟烷基化学物质又被称为“永久性化学物质”。此类物质发现之初着实令科学家们兴奋，而且被广泛应用于各种各样的产品。随着时间的推移，令其广受青睐的众多“优点”却成了一系列难题的始作俑者。然而，幸运的是，美国的科学家们发现了一种使它们分解的方法。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Businesses started putting PFAS in all sorts of products, from non-stick pans to waterproof clothes, and from fire-fighting spray to carpets that resist stains. Even things like food wrappers and floss for cleaning your teeth contain PFAS chemicals.(企业开始在各种产品中添加PFAS，从不粘锅到防水衣服，从消防喷雾到抗污地毯。甚至像食品包装和清洁牙齿的牙线都含有PFAS化学物质)”可推知，全氟烷基化学物质在日常生活中被广泛应用。故选C。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段“The chemicals are found in air, water, and dirt around the world — and in animals and people. In the US, 97% of humans have PFAS in their blood.(这些化学物质存在于世界各地的空气、水和泥土中，也存在于动物和人体内。在美国，97%的人血液中含有PFAS)”可知，全氟烷基化学物质在环境中快速增加。故划线词意思是“快速增加”。故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“But there are over 12,000 different kinds of PFAS. It’s important to note that the new method can only break down PFAS chemicals that have already been collected. Figuring out how to remove PFAS chemicals from the environment and collect them remains a huge challenge.(但是有超过12000种不同的PFAS。值得注意的是，新方法只能分解已经收集的PFAS化学物质。弄清楚如何从环境中去除PFAS化学物质并收集它们仍然是一个巨大的挑战)”可知，处理全氟烷基化学物质任重而道远，故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Scientists have found a new way to break down a group of harmful chemicals very hard to get rid of. The discovery could help solve a dangerous and growing problem — how to clean up the pollution of “forever chemicals”.(科学家们发现了一种新的方法来分解一组很难去除的有害化学物质。这一发现可能有助于解决一个日益严重的危险问题——如何清理“永久化学物质”的污染)”结合主要说明了全氟烷基化学物质又被称为“永久性化学物质”。此类物质发现之初着实令科学家们兴奋，而且被广泛应用于各种各样的产品。随着时间的推移，令其广受青睐的众多“优点”却成了一系列难题的始作俑者。然而，幸运的是，美国的科学家们发现了一种使它们分解的方法。故D项“科学家找到了分解永久化学物质的方法”最适合作文章的标题。故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Get Better at Saying No
When rejecting a request, “no” is a short, simple word that can cause anxiety for the person trying to say it. The following strategies can help you get better at saying no.
Be intentional about what you communicate.
____16____Sure, but as psychologist Vanessa Bohns points out, only saying a “no” is often pretty uncomfortable for the asker. Instead, she advises communicating three things: “It’s not because of me, it’s not because of you, and it’s not because of us.” One way to do that is by thanking people for thinking of you.____17____Then, follow up with a short explanation: “I wish I could, but I just don’t have the time right now.” That helps make it clear that your “no” isn’t a poor reflection of your own character; it’s not the other person; and it’s not a disapproval of the relationship, Bohns says.
Have a planned phrase for more informal encounters.
Not every situation, of course, calls for such a thoughtful approach. Think through times when you’ve gotten stressed over delivering a quick “no”, and then brainstorm phrases you could use in the future. Bohns, for example, is often asked to donate to some cause or another as she checks out at the grocery store.____18____“It’s true, and it’s a way of saying, essentially, that I’m still a good person,” she says.
___19___
There’s always that one guy who won’t take “no” for an answer. If someone is applying too much pressure, adopt what psychologist Ellen Hendriksen describes as the broken-record technique.____20____Occasionally, the asker will get annoyed, but usually after repeating yourself two or three times, even the most persistent (执着的) people will get the message.
A. She says no directly.
B. That is, stick to your answer.
C. Adopt the broken-record technique.
D. It’s not worth repeating your request again and again.
E. She now has a go-to response: “I already donated this year.”
F. You might hear that “no” is a convenient word for declining requests.
G. This makes them relieved that they didn’t do anything wrong by asking.
【答案】16. F 17. G 18. E 19. C 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是更好地说“不”的一些策略。
【16题详解】
空后“Sure, but as psychologist Vanessa Bohns points out, only saying a “no” is often pretty uncomfortable for the asker. (当然，但正如心理学家Vanessa Bohns指出的那样，只说“不”通常会让请求者感到很不舒服)”说明只说“不”通常会让请求者感到很不舒服，but表转折，因此空格处应该说一般会觉得说“不”是可以的，F选项“You might hear that “no” is a convenient word for declining requests.(你可能听说“no”是一个用来拒绝请求的方便词)”说明了“不”是一个用来拒绝请求的方便词，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选F。
【17题详解】
空前“One way to do that is by thanking people for thinking of you. (其中一个方法就是感谢别人想到你了)”说明了感谢别人想到你这种方法，空格处应该说这么做的好处，G选项“This makes them relieved that they didn’t do anything wrong by asking. (这让他们松了一口气，因为他们没有因为要求你而做错任何事)”说明了感谢别人想到你这种方法的好处，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选G。
【18题详解】
空前“Bohns, for example, is often asked to donate to some cause or another as she checks out at the grocery store. (例如，当Bohns在杂货店结账时，她经常被要求为这样或那样的事业捐款。)”举出了Bohns被要求捐款的例子，空格处应该说她的回答，E选项“She now has a go-to response: “I already donated this year.” (现在，她的回答是：“我今年已经捐过了。”)”说明的是她的回答，且其中的donate和前面的donate相一致，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选E。
【19题详解】
空格处是本段小标题，由空后的“If someone is applying too much pressure, adopt what psychologist Ellen Hendriksen describes as the broken-record technique. (如果有人给你的压力太大，那就采用心理学家Ellen Hendriksen所说的“破纪录法”)”可知，本段主要讲的是采用“破纪录法”，因此C选项“Adopt the broken-record technique. (采用打破记录的技巧)”概括了本段主要内容，可作为小标题，故选C。
【20题详解】
空前“If someone is applying too much pressure, adopt what psychologist Ellen Hendriksen describes as the broken-record technique. (如果有人给你的压力太大，那就采用心理学家Ellen Hendriksen所说的“破纪录法”)”提出了“破纪录法”，空格处应该解释这是一种什么方法，这种方法具体的做法是什么，B选项“That is, stick to your answer. (也就是说，坚持你的答案)”解释了前面这种技巧的具体做法，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选B。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
In October 2020, 71-year-old Bill Sumiel, battling kidney failure, found himself in an unlikely situation—a ride with Uber that would change his life. Little did he know that his ____21____ with Timothy Letts, the Uber driver, would lead to an extraordinary tie that went beyond the boundaries of mere ____22____.
Having lived with a(n) ____23____ that caused kidney issues for over two decades, Sumiel relied on Uber for transportation to his specialized center. During the journey, they ____24____ over their conversation. “Bill really lit up the car with positive energy,” says Letts. ____25____, he offered to donate his kidney after learning about Sumiel’s search for a donor. Despite being ____26____ by Letts’unforeseen generosity, Sumiel quickly ____27____ that Letts was genuinely sincere about his offer. Following months of screening and ____28____, it was confirmed that Letts was an ideal donor and a perfect ____29____ for Sumiel. On December 7, 2021, the successful surgeries changed Sumiel’s life for the better, ____30____ him from kidney treatment. Sumiel ____31____ the extraordinary nature of living donors like him and was ____32____ Letts’ selfless act.
Now, Sumiel cherishes precious moments with his family. Letts, although relocated to another country for work commitments, ____33____ a solid relationship with Sumiel, anxiously awaiting their ____34____. As fate would have it, their unexpected Uber ____35____ became a life-saving journey, showcasing the power of kindness, empathy (共情), and human connection in the face of adversity.
21. A. experiment B. encounter C. competition D. appointment
22. A. passengers B. travellers C. friends D. strangers
23. A. failure B. infection C. condition D. loss
24. A. bonded B. debated C. reflected D. observed
25. A. Naturally B. Eventually C. Normally D. Directly
26. A. delighted B. puzzled C. surprised D. embarrassed
27. A. requested B. realized C. predicted D. hesitated
28. A. consulting B. treating C. admitting D. testing
29. A. match B. candidate C. partner D. supporter
30. A. relieving B. enhancing C. freeing D. rescuing
31. A. estimated B. shared C. recognized D. recalled
32. A. interested in B. cautious about C. sympathetic to D. grateful for
33. A. acknowledges B. maintains C. explores D. ends
34. A. reunion B. commitment C. conversation D. memory
35. A. participation B. transportation C. transformation D. interaction
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了71的Bill Sumiel因为肾衰竭需要肾移植，但是找不到合适的肾源。有一天Bill Sumiel打了一辆Uber，他在车上和Uber司机Letts闲聊时告诉了司机他的困境。Uber司机说他可以去做配型。在配型后，Letts的肾适合移植给Sumiel。事后，Sumiel对Letts表示了谢意。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他一点也不知道，他与Uber司机Timothy Letts的相遇，会导致一种非同寻常的联系，超越了仅仅是陌生人的界限。A. experiment实验；B. encounter相遇；C. competition竞争；D. appointment约定。根据上文“a ride with Uber”和下文“with Timothy Letts, the Uber driver”可知，他搭乘Uber，所以是和Uber司机相遇。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他一点也不知道，他与Uber司机Timothy Letts的相遇，会导致一种非同寻常的联系，超越了仅仅是陌生人的界限。A. passengers乘客；B. travellers旅行者；C. friends朋友；D. strangers陌生人。根据上文“Timothy Letts, the Uber driver”可知，Uber司机对他来说只是个陌生人。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：患有导致肾脏问题的疾病20多年来，Sumiel一直依靠Uber来接送他去他的专业中心。A. failure失败；B. infection感染；C. condition疾病；D. loss损失。根据下文“that caused kidney issues”可知，他患有导致肾脏问题的疾病。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在旅途中，他们因谈话而亲密无间。A. bonded(使)建立亲密关系；B. debated辩论；C. reflected反映；D. observed观察。根据下文“over their conversation”可知，他们在谈话中建立了亲密的关系。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，在得知Sumiel正在寻找捐赠者后，他提出捐献自己的肾脏。A. Naturally自然地，天然地；B. Eventually最终；C. Normally正常情况下；D. Directly直接地。根据下文“he offered to donate his kidney after learning about Sumiel’s search for a donor”可知，最终他提出捐献自己的肾脏。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管对Letts出乎意料的慷慨感到惊讶，但Sumiel很快意识到，Letts对他的提议是真诚的。A. delighted高兴的；B. puzzled困惑的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据下文“by Letts’unforeseen generosity”可知，他没有预料到Letts会这么慷慨，所以他感到惊讶。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管对Letts出乎意料的慷慨感到惊讶，但Sumiel很快意识到，Letts对他的提议是真诚的。A. requested要求；B. realized意识到；C. predicted预测；D. hesitated犹豫。根据下文“that Letts was genuinely sincere about his offer”可知，他意识到Letts对他的提议是真诚的。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过几个月的化验和检查，Letts被证实是一个理想的捐赠者，是Sumiel的完美配对者。A. consulting咨询；B. treating对待；C. admitting承认；D. testing(医疗上的)检查，化验。根据上文“Following months of screening”和下文“it was confirmed that Letts was an ideal donor”可知，要经过检查和化验才能确定Letts是一个理想的捐赠者。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过几个月的化验和检查，Letts被证实是一个理想的捐赠者，是Sumiel的完美配对者。A. match配对者；B. candidate候选人；C. partner搭档；D. supporter支持者。根据上文“Letts was an ideal donor”可知，Letts被证实是一个理想的捐赠者，是Sumiel的完美配对者。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：2021年12月7日，成功的手术改变了Sumiel的生活，使他摆脱了肾脏治疗。A. relieving缓解；B. enhancing提高；C. freeing使免于，不遭受；D. rescuing救。根据上文“the successful surgeries changed Sumiel’s life for the better”可知，手术很成功，所以让Sumiel摆脱了肾脏治疗。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Sumiel认识到像他这样的活体捐赠者的非凡之处，并对Letts的无私行为表示感谢。A. estimated估计；B. shared分享；C. recognized认识到；D. recalled回想。根据下文“the extraordinary nature of living donors like him”可知，Sumiel认识到像他这样的活体捐赠者的非凡之处。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查形容词短语辨析。句意：Sumiel认识到像他这样的活体捐赠者的非凡之处，并对Letts的无私行为表示感谢。A. interested in对……感兴趣；B. cautious about对……谨慎；C. sympathetic to对……同情；D. grateful for对……表示感谢。根据上文“Letts was an ideal donor”和下文“Letts’ selfless act”可知，Letts无私地捐了肾给Sumiel，Sumiel当然应该觉得感激。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Letts，虽然因为工作承诺搬迁到另一个国家，却与Sumiel保持着坚实的关系，焦急地等待他们的团聚。A. acknowledges承认；B. maintains保持；C. explores探索；D. ends结束。根据下文“a solid relationship with Sumiel”可知，Letts搬迁到另一个国家后还和Sumiel保持着坚实的关系。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Letts，虽然因为工作承诺搬迁到另一个国家，却与Sumiel保持着坚实的关系，焦急地等待他们的团聚。A. reunion团聚；B. commitment承诺；C. conversation对话；D. memory记忆。根据上文“__13___a solid relationship with Sumiel”和上文“anxiously awaiting”可知，Letts与Sumiel保持着坚实的关系，焦急地等待他们的团聚。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：就像命运安排的那样，他们在Uber上的互动成为了一次拯救生命的旅程，展示了面对逆境时善良、同理心和人际关系的力量。A. participation参加；B. transportation运输；C. transformation转变；D. interaction互动。根据上文“they__4___over their conversation”可知，他们在Uber上有过交谈，所以此处是指他们在Uber上的互动。故选D。
第二节(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In 1998, an eco-museum was established in Suojia Miao, Yi and Hui Township, China’s Guizhou Province. Consisting of 12 villages, including Gaoxing Village, the eco-museum is different from traditional ones. It isn’t enclosed by walls and____36____ it showcases is more than various collections.
Xiong Shaozhen, a 77-year-old resident of Gaoxing Village, weaves every day with a loom (织布机) in a wooden house, her daughter-in-law busy____37____( learn )the craft from her．“The costumes, language, music and even the way of production of the local community are all living ____38____(significance) exhibits,” said Luo Gang, head of the museum.
A decade ago,Gaoxing Village____39____(list) in a traditional Chinese villages catalog (目录).However,Luo found there were few looms left in the village.He____40____(apply) for a budget from relevant departments and invited professional craftsmen to produce looms for the villagers. He asked each villager that received the machine____41____(use)it and train an inheritor (继承者) of the local weaving technique. In addition, most of the old folk houses with their____42____(roof) made of straw needed regular replacement and Luo had their original appearance ____43____(restore).
There are 25 such eco-museums in the province, which are in line ____44____ sustainable development principles. Not only do they guide villagers to perform independent-management and activate their passion for preserving their traditional cultures, but they create more jobs and give ____45____boost to local tourism.
【答案】36. what
37. learning
38. significant
39. was listed
40. applied
41. to use 42. roofs
43. restored
44. with 45. a
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了贵州省彝族回族索家庙建立的生态博物馆。
【36题详解】
考查主语从句连接词。句意：它没有被墙包围，并且它展示的不仅仅是各种藏品。分析句子结构可知，空处引导的是主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，应该用what引导。故填what。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：77岁的熊绍珍是高兴村的居民，她每天都在一间木屋里用织布机编织，她的儿媳忙着跟她学习手艺。分析句子结构可知，此处是固定搭配：busy doing sth.意为“忙于做某事”。故填learning。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：博物馆馆长罗刚说:“当地社区的服装、语言、音乐甚至生产方式都是鲜活的重要展品。”分析句子结构可知，空后是名词exhibits，所以空处应填形容词，significance的形容词是significant。故填significant。
【39题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：十年前，高兴村被列入中国传统村落目录。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以list应该作本句谓语，主语是Gaoxing Village，两者间是被动关系，应该用被动语态，再根据时间状语a decade ago，应该用一般过去时。故填was listed。
【40题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：他向有关部门申请了预算，并邀请专业工匠为村民制作织机。分析句子结构，根据and可知。空处应是和invited一起作本句的并列谓语，所以apply也用一般过去时。故填applied。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他要求每个收到机器的村民都使用它，并培训当地编织技术的继承人。分析句子结构可知，此处是固定搭配：ask sb. to do sth.意为“要求某人做某事”。故填to use。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：此外，大多数稻草屋顶的老民居需要定期更换，罗刚也让他们恢复了原来的外观。分析句子结构可知，空前是是形容词性物主代词，所以空处应填名词，roof意为“屋顶”，为可数名词，此处应用复数形式。故填roofs。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，大多数稻草屋顶的老民居需要定期更换，罗也让他们恢复了原来的外观。分析句子结构，本句已有谓语动词had，所以restore应该用非谓语形式，逻辑主语是appearance，两者间是被动关系，应该用过去分词表被动。故填restored。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：全省有25个这样的生态博物馆，符合可持续发展原则。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定搭配：in line with意为“符合……的”。故填with。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：他们不仅引导村民自主经营，激发村民保护传统文化热情，而且创造了更多的就业机会，促进了当地旅游业的发展。析句子结构可知，此处考查固定搭配：give a boost to意为“促进”。故填a。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是学校英文报“Growing Pains”栏目的编辑，最近陆续收到学生来信，反映家长过多干涉自己的学习。请你写一封回信，对此现象进行分析并给这些学生提出建议。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Troubled,
From your letters I’ve learnt that your parents care too much about your study, which annoys you a lot.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Loving
Editor
【答案】Dear troubled,
From your letters I’ve learnt that your parents care too much about your study, which annoys you a lot. Actually, it is very common in every family, but it is not a big problem if we approach it properly.
Parents intervene in our study for various reasons. For one thing, they attach great importance to our education in the hope that we have a bright future. But sometimes they display so much anxiety, although unintentionally, that they really stress us out. For another, we tend to avoid communication with our parents, especially about our academic work, leaving them more eager to know how we are getting on.
Therefore, it is of great significance to understand our parents’ anxiety and embrace their helpful guidance with sincerity. Additionally, heart-to-heart communication helps a lot. We are supposed to share with our parents the challenges we encounter and the progress we achieve in our study. Hopefully, what used to be an annoyance will turn into a blessing.
Loving
Editor
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达为一篇应用文。要求学生代替学校英文报“Growing Pains”栏目的编辑，给有困扰的学生回信，分析现象并提出建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累：
各种各样的：various→a variety of/varieties of/a wide range of
往往会：tend to do→have a tendency to do
渴望的：eager→thirsty/starving
此外：additionally→in addition/what’s more/furthermore
2.句式拓展：
简单句变复合句
原句：Therefore it is of great significance to understand our parents’ anxiety and embrace their helpful guidance with sincerity.
拓展句：Therefore, what is significant is that we should understand our parents’ anxiety and embrace their helpful guidance with sincerity.
【点睛】【高分句型1】
From your letters I’ve learnt that your parents care too much about your study, which annoys you a lot.(运用了which引导非限制性定语从句。)
【高分句型2】
For another, we tend to avoid communication with our parents, especially about our academic work, leaving them more eager to know how we are getting on.(运用了现在分词作结果状语。)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was July 2019 and my mum Rebecca was taking me on a 120km walking holiday from Portugal to Spain as a special treat for my 10th birthday. One day, while walking along the coastal path staring out at the Atlantic ocean, I chatted away to Mum. “When Lexi turns.10, are you going to take her on a trip like this ” I asked, referring to my seven-year-old sister. Mum said Lexi had already asked to go to Svalbard in the north of Norway because she was crazy about polar bears.
Although I was still on my first special trip, I'd been learning about ancient civilizations at school and knew I'd love to see some relics in the flesh. So I continued saying, “Why don’t I go to Egypt while you're in Svalbard with Lexi ”, adding that my dad, Olaf, could take me there. “Great, but I'm not paying for it.” Muim replied, chuckling. “That’s fine. I'll pay,” I said, “I’ll save up my pocket money and get a job."
So that’s exactly what I did. Though I was too young to do any other paid work, I had my own solution. I started saving my $10-a-week pocket money. Also, I washed my parents’car or mowed the lawn for extra cash.
In 2020, we moved to Perth. One day, I saw a pamphlet（小册子） in the letter box advertising a job delivering catalogues. When I told Mum I wanted to do it, she tried to put me off the idea, reminding me that the work was tiring and time-consuming. But when seeing the determination in my eyes, she agreed to call them. Thankfully, my young age didn’t bother them-I got the job. On a Monday, a mountain of catalogues were dropped off at our house, which shocked me a lot. I told myself to calm down and dedicated to work. It took me nine hours to sort through them. At first, I used my bike and carried the catalogues in my backpack to deliver them to 430 houses in my area.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
After several deliveries, I found it wasn't very efficient.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Three and a half years later, I saved a massive $6,500, and Dad and I flew to Cairo, Egypt.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】After several deliveries, I found it wasn't very efficient. Strained by the weight of the catalogues and limited by the bike’s capacity, I was compelled to seek a better method. Collaborating with Dad, we devised a solution: constructing a small cart for towing behind my bike, a move that drastically expanded my delivery capabilities. This innovation cut my delivery time in half and made the job less physically demanding. Witnessing my savings account grow, bolstered by determination and familial support, transformed the catalogues from mere paper into tickets to my dream.
Three and a half years later, I saved a massive $6,500, and Dad and I flew to Cairo, Egypt. Upon arrival, the realization of my dream was overwhelming. Confronted with the majestic pyramids, symbols of the ancient civilization I yearned to explore, the experience was surreal. As Dad and I wandered through the bustling streets of Cairo, the sights, sounds, and smells of the city were a stark contrast to where my journey began. This adventure, the fruit of long-lasting saving meticulous planning, and relentless dreaming, stood as proof that perseverance and creativity can turn the loftiest dreams into reality.
【解析】
【导语】本文以时间为线索展开，讲述了作者通过自己的努力和家人的支持，实现埃及之旅的故事。
【详解】
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“几次递送后，我发现效率不是很高。”可知，第一段可描写作者通过努力和创新解决效率低的问题。
②由第二段首句内容“三年半后，我存了6500美元，爸爸和我飞往埃及开罗。”可知，第二段可描写作者实现梦想，到达埃及以及感悟。
2.续写线索：发现效率低——创新方案解决问题——攒够所需费用——实现埃及之旅——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①寻找：seek/look for/search after
②想出：devise/come up with
③加强改善：bolster/improve/enhance
情绪类
①崇高的：lofty/noble/sublime
②一丝不苟的：meticulous/scrupulous/cautious
【点睛】[高分句型1] Collaborating with Dad, we devised a solution: constructing a small cart for towing behind my bike, a move that drastically expanded my delivery capabilities.（运用了that引导的定语从句）
[高分句型2]. As Dad and I wandered through the bustling streets of Cairo, the sights, sounds, and smells of the city were a stark contrast to where my journey began.（运用了 as引导的时间状语从句以及where引导的宾语从句）
1-5 ACBAC 6-7 AB 8-9 CB 10-13 CABB 14-17 ACAC 18-20 BCA河南省信阳高级中学2023-2024学年高二下期04月月考(一)
英语试题
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.Why does John come to Nancy
A.To ask questions.
B.To borrow reference books.
C.To hand in his essay.
2.Where is the man’s envelope now
A.In his room.
B.At the post office.
C.At the front desk.
3.What will Rosie do next
A.Read books.
B.Enjoy music.
C.Go shopping.
4.What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A.Strangers.
B.Co-workers.
C.Driver and passenger.
5.What are the speakers talking about
A.A plan.
B.An English course.
C.An application
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6.Who does the man buy a gift for
A.His sister.
B.His cousin.
C.His mother.
7.What will the man buy
A.A handbag.
B.A handkerchief.
C.A watch.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8.What does Alice like best about her new school
AThe teachers.
B.The environment.
C.The food.
9.What does Alice’s new school look like
A.It is in modern style.
B.It is well equipped.
C.It is newly built.
听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。
10.What encouraged Mr Roberston to go to the Antarctic
A.A training course.
B.A program.
C.A report.
11.What was the biggest danger according to Mr Roberston
A.Falling into ice holes.
B.Losing touch with others.
C.Living in extreme temperatures.
12.What caused the funny noise
A.The wind.
B.The plane.
C.The device.
13.What was a surprise for Mr Roberston and his wife
A.They could leave earlier.
B.They got some fresh food.
C.Someone lived near them.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14.How does Emily find her first surfing lesson
A.Discouraging.
B.Unforgettable.
C.Exciting.
15.How old is Emily’s brother
A15.
B.22.
C.25.
16.What does Micheal offer to do
A.Teach Emily to surf.
B.Give Emily a surfboard.
C.Talk with Emily’s brother.
17.When will the speakers meet
A.On Wednesday.
B.On Friday.
C.On Saturday.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18.What makes the speaker a frequent visitor to teahouses
A.Their tea.
B.Their atmosphere.
C.Their service.
19.What has the speaker done in the teahouse
A.Settle an argument.
B.Learn Sichuan Opera.
C.Talk about business.
20.Why does the speaker think teahouses have powerful social function
A.People can chat for a day there.
B.They help people makeup faster.
C.They attract like-minded people.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The following courses are what you may be interested in to expand your academic knowledge.
Stanford Online
Stanford Online is the digital extension of Stanford University. You can attend free courses, browse (浏览) the content library or take the courses for credit after paying. The course instructors teach in real-time, so the options change each semester. Different programs you can pursue include graduate and professional education.
Harvard University Online Courses
They offer free and paid classes with a vast subject range, including art and design, business, and computer science. The site’s search features make it easy for you to find classes to fit your schedule. You can browse courses based on your learning plans, such as scheduling classes in two weeks, three months or a year from now.
Open Yale Courses
Open Yale Courses gives you free access to a wide range of Yale University’s classes. There’s no certificate, degree or course credit option available through the site because it’s exclusively a free offering for those who want to expand their academic knowledge. The available classes are classroom recordings and provide the educational material you require for increasing various skills.
MIT OpenCourseWare
It provides individuals with free access to over 2,500 of its undergraduate and graduate classes. All courses are free for users, and there’s no registration required to view and watch the lesson materials. Additionally, the site makes the video classes easy to download for you to watch offline or to share with your friends, family members or colleagues.
1. What makes Harvard University Online Courses special
A. The flexibility. B. No charge.
C. The diverse content. D. No registration.
2. Which course will you take if you don’t want a certificate
A. Stanford Online. B. Harvard University Online Courses.
C. Open Yale Courses. D. MIT OpenCourseWare.
3. What do the listed courses have in common
A. They can be learnt offline. B. They’re offered by universities.
C. They are classroom recordings. D. They are developed by students.
B
Growing up in Kenya, Lesein Mutunkei, together with his family, always celebrated significant occasions by planting trees, which motivated him to protect the environment. It’s what the now 18-year-old soccer player treasures, especially since Kenya has an ongoing problem with deforestation.
Mutunkei follows in the footsteps of the late Kenyan Nobel Peace Prize winner Wangari Maathai who founded the Green Belt Movement in 1977. This initiative has resulted in the planting of over 51 million trees to date.
In 2018, Lesein decided to start a movement of his own. He started by planting one tree for every goal he scored during a football match. He called it Trees4Goals, and it has grown so much that he now plants 11 trees, one for each member of his team, every time he scores. Through this, he wants to inspire young people, specifically his fellow athletes, to follow in his footsteps, take nature conservation seriously, and promise to plant trees every time they score. As a result, some of them have adapted this practice for their sports. “Seeing that they’re taking that responsibility because of the project I started, for me, that is the biggest achievement,” he said.
The initiative has caught the attention of English football club Arsenal and Kenya’s Ministry of Environment and Forestry, which he now works with regularly and gets advice from.
Like Green Belt Movement, Trees4Goals, which has planted 5,500 trees so far, has made it. While Lesein has received some recognition for his initiative, he sets his sights on making it a worldwide phenomenon. “Football is a universal game, and climate change is a universal problem,” he explains. “It has the power to unite, educate and inspire my generation to create a safer and greener future.” This is why he wants to work with the world’s biggest football federation FIFA.
As for what others can do to fight deforestation or other environmental concerns, the teenager says it’s important to just get involved in some way, no matter how small.
4. What made Lesein get interested in environmental protection
A. The influence of his family.
B Wangari Maathai’s huge assistances.
C. The demand of the football team.
D. His fellow athletes’ encouragement.
5. Why did Lesein found Trees4Goals
A. To gain Kenya’s support.
B To set an example for others.
C. To catch Arsenal’s attention.
D. To show his achievements.
6. What is Lesein’s hope for the future of Trees4Goals
A. Promoting football’s development.
B. Going global with the help of FIFA.
C. Beating climate change completely.
D. Getting beyond Green Belt Movement.
7. What can we learn from Lesein’s story
A. Fame is a great thirst of the young.
B. A youth is to be regarded with respect.
C. Positive thinking and action result in success.
D. Success means getting personal desires satisfied.
C
“One of the reasons I find this topic very interesting is because my mom was a smoker when I was younger.” says Lindson-Hawley, who studies tobacco and health at the University of Oxford.
By studying about 700 adult smokers, she found out that her mom quit the right way—by stopping abruptly and completely.
In her study, participants were randomly assigned to two groups. One had to quit abruptly on a given day, going from about a pack a day to zero. The other cut down gradually over the course of two weeks. People in both groups used nicotine (尼古丁) patches before they quit, in addition to a second form of nicotine replacement, like gum or spray. They also had talk therapy with a nurse before and after quit day.
Six months out, more people who had quit abruptly had stuck with it — more than one-fifth of them, compared to about one-seventh in the other group. Although these numbers appear low, it is much higher than if people try without support.
And the quit rates were particularly convincing given that before the study started, most of the people had said they’d rather cut down gradually before quitting. “If you’re training for a marathon, you wouldn’t expect to turn up and just be able to run it. And I think people see that for smoking as well. They think, “Well, if I gradually reduce, it’s like practice.” says Lindson-Hawley. But that wasn’t the case. Instead of giving people practice, the gradual reduction likely gave them cravings (瘾) and withdrawal symptoms before they even reached quit day, which could be why fewer people in that group actually made it to that point. “Regardless of your stated preference, if you’re ready to quit, quitting abruptly is more effective.” says Dr. Gabriela Ferreira. “When you can quote a specific number like a fifth of the patients were able to quit, that’s convincing. It gives them the encouragement, I think, to really go for it.” Ferreira says.
People rarely manage to quit the first time they try. But at least, she says, they can maximize the odds of success.
8. What does Lindson-Hawley say about her mother
A. She quit smoking with her daughter’s help. B. She studied the smoking patterns of adult smokers.
C. She was also a researcher of tobacco and health. D. She succeeded in quitting smoking suddenly.
9. How does Dr. Gabriela Ferreira view the result of Lindson-Hawley’s experiment
A. It is unexpected. B. It is idealized. C. It is encouraging. D. It is misleading.
10. The idea of “a marathon” (Para.5) illustrates the popular belief that quitting smoking_________.
A. is a challenge at the beginning B. needs some practice first
C. requires a lot of patience D. is something few can accomplish
11. What happens when people try to quit smoking gradually
A. They feel much less pain in the process. B. They are simply unable to make it.
C. They show fewer withdrawal symptoms. D. They find it even more difficult.
D
Scientists have found a new way to break down a group of harmful chemicals very hard to get rid of. The discovery could help solve a dangerous and growing problem — how to clean up the pollution of “forever chemicals”.
The group of chemicals known as PFAS (全氟烷基物) are pretty amazing. They’re non-stick, waterproof, and oil proof. They don’t burn easily or dissolve (溶解) in water. So scientists got really excited when they were discovered. Businesses started putting PFAS in all sorts of products, from non-stick pans to waterproof clothes, and from fire-fighting spray to carpets that resist stains. Even things like food wrappers and floss for cleaning your teeth contain PFAS chemicals.
But after a while, scientists realized the same things that made the chemicals useful also caused a real problem — PFAS doesn’t break down in nature. It doesn’t dissolve in water or bum. Not even bacteria can break PFAS down. No wonder these chemicals are known as “forever chemicals”.
As a result, PFAS chemicals surge in the environment. The chemicals are found in air, water, and dirt around the world — and in animals and people. In the US, 97% of humans have PFAS in their blood.
Luckily, scientists in the US have now found a way to break down some PFAS chemicals. Their solution requires boiling PFAS with two other very common chemicals. These chemicals can be found in just about any laboratory.
Dr. Brittany Trang, one of the scientists involved, said she didn’t even want to test the idea at first. “I thought it was too simple,” she said. But the process worked.
The research involved 10 types of PFAS, including two of the most common kinds. That’s a big step. But there are over 12,000 different kinds of PFAS. It’s important to note that the new method can only break down PFAS chemicals that have already been collected. Figuring out how to remove PFAS chemicals from the environment and collect them remains a huge challenge.
12. What can we infer about PFAS chemicals from paragraph 2
A. Scientists were so excited to invent them.
B. They were environmentally friendly at first.
C. They are really widely used in our daily life.
D. They have more advantages than disadvantages.
13. What does the underlined word “surge” in paragraph 4 refer to
A. Increase fast. B. Float everywhere. C. Extend fully. D. React quickly.
14. What does the author think of dealing with PFAS chemicals
A. It’s already too late to get rid of them.
B. There’s still a long way to go about it.
C. The new method is too simple to work well.
D. It’s impossible to get them removed from the environment.
15. Which is the best title for the text
A. Say Goodbye to Forever Chemicals
B. PFAS Chemicals Are a Two-edged Sword
C. PFAS Chemicals Will Remain a Challenge for Long
D. Scientists Find a Way to Break down Forever Chemicals
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Get Better at Saying No
When rejecting a request, “no” is a short, simple word that can cause anxiety for the person trying to say it. The following strategies can help you get better at saying no.
Be intentional about what you communicate.
____16____Sure, but as psychologist Vanessa Bohns points out, only saying a “no” is often pretty uncomfortable for the asker. Instead, she advises communicating three things: “It’s not because of me, it’s not because of you, and it’s not because of us.” One way to do that is by thanking people for thinking of you.____17____Then, follow up with a short explanation: “I wish I could, but I just don’t have the time right now.” That helps make it clear that your “no” isn’t a poor reflection of your own character; it’s not the other person; and it’s not a disapproval of the relationship, Bohns says.
Have a planned phrase for more informal encounters.
Not every situation, of course, calls for such a thoughtful approach. Think through times when you’ve gotten stressed over delivering a quick “no”, and then brainstorm phrases you could use in the future. Bohns, for example, is often asked to donate to some cause or another as she checks out at the grocery store.____18____“It’s true, and it’s a way of saying, essentially, that I’m still a good person,” she says.
___19___
There’s always that one guy who won’t take “no” for an answer. If someone is applying too much pressure, adopt what psychologist Ellen Hendriksen describes as the broken-record technique.____20____Occasionally, the asker will get annoyed, but usually after repeating yourself two or three times, even the most persistent (执着的) people will get the message.
A. She says no directly.
B. That is, stick to your answer.
C. Adopt the broken-record technique.
D. It’s not worth repeating your request again and again.
E. She now has a go-to response: “I already donated this year.”
F. You might hear that “no” is a convenient word for declining requests.
G. This makes them relieved that they didn’t do anything wrong by asking.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
In October 2020, 71-year-old Bill Sumiel, battling kidney failure, found himself in an unlikely situation—a ride with Uber that would change his life. Little did he know that his ____21____ with Timothy Letts, the Uber driver, would lead to an extraordinary tie that went beyond the boundaries of mere ____22____.
Having lived with a(n) ____23____ that caused kidney issues for over two decades, Sumiel relied on Uber for transportation to his specialized center. During the journey, they ____24____ over their conversation. “Bill really lit up the car with positive energy,” says Letts. ____25____, he offered to donate his kidney after learning about Sumiel’s search for a donor. Despite being ____26____ by Letts’unforeseen generosity, Sumiel quickly ____27____ that Letts was genuinely sincere about his offer. Following months of screening and ____28____, it was confirmed that Letts was an ideal donor and a perfect ____29____ for Sumiel. On December 7, 2021, the successful surgeries changed Sumiel’s life for the better, ____30____ him from kidney treatment. Sumiel ____31____ the extraordinary nature of living donors like him and was ____32____ Letts’ selfless act.
Now, Sumiel cherishes precious moments with his family. Letts, although relocated to another country for work commitments, ____33____ a solid relationship with Sumiel, anxiously awaiting their ____34____. As fate would have it, their unexpected Uber ____35____ became a life-saving journey, showcasing the power of kindness, empathy (共情), and human connection in the face of adversity.
21. A. experiment B. encounter C. competition D. appointment
22. A. passengers B. travellers C. friends D. strangers
23. A. failure B. infection C. condition D. loss
24. A. bonded B. debated C. reflected D. observed
25. A. Naturally B. Eventually C. Normally D. Directly
26. A. delighted B. puzzled C. surprised D. embarrassed
27. A. requested B. realized C. predicted D. hesitated
28. A. consulting B. treating C. admitting D. testing
29. A. match B. candidate C. partner D. supporter
30. A. relieving B. enhancing C. freeing D. rescuing
31 A. estimated B. shared C. recognized D. recalled
32. A. interested in B. cautious about C. sympathetic to D. grateful for
33. A. acknowledges B. maintains C. explores D. ends
34. A. reunion B. commitment C. conversation D. memory
35. A. participation B. transportation C. transformation D. interaction
第二节(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In 1998, an eco-museum was established in Suojia Miao, Yi and Hui Township, China’s Guizhou Province. Consisting of 12 villages, including Gaoxing Village, the eco-museum is different from traditional ones. It isn’t enclosed by walls and____36____ it showcases is more than various collections.
Xiong Shaozhen, a 77-year-old resident of Gaoxing Village, weaves every day with a loom (织布机) in a wooden house, her daughter-in-law busy____37____( learn )the craft from her．“The costumes, language, music and even the way of production of the local community are all living ____38____(significance) exhibits,” said Luo Gang, head of the museum.
A decade ago,Gaoxing Village____39____(list) in a traditional Chinese villages catalog (目录).However,Luo found there were few looms left in the village.He____40____(apply) for a budget from relevant departments and invited professional craftsmen to produce looms for the villagers. He asked each villager that received the machine____41____(use)it and train an inheritor (继承者) of the local weaving technique. In addition, most of the old folk houses with their____42____(roof) made of straw needed regular replacement and Luo had their original appearance ____43____(restore).
There are 25 such eco-museums in the province, which are in line ____44____ sustainable development principles. Not only do they guide villagers to perform independent-management and activate their passion for preserving their traditional cultures, but they create more jobs and give ____45____boost to local tourism.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是学校英文报“Growing Pains”栏目的编辑，最近陆续收到学生来信，反映家长过多干涉自己的学习。请你写一封回信，对此现象进行分析并给这些学生提出建议。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Troubled,
From your letters I’ve learnt that your parents care too much about your study, which annoys you a lot.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Loving
Editor
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was July 2019 and my mum Rebecca was taking me on a 120km walking holiday from Portugal to Spain as a special treat for my 10th birthday. One day, while walking along the coastal path staring out at the Atlantic ocean, I chatted away to Mum. “When Lexi turns.10, are you going to take her on a trip like this ” I asked, referring to my seven-year-old sister. Mum said Lexi had already asked to go to Svalbard in the north of Norway because she was crazy about polar bears.
Although I was still on my first special trip, I'd been learning about ancient civilizations at school and knew I'd love to see some relics in the flesh. So I continued saying, “Why don’t I go to Egypt while you're in Svalbard with Lexi ”, adding that my dad, Olaf, could take me there. “Great, but I'm not paying for it.” Muim replied, chuckling. “That’s fine. I'll pay,” I said, “I’ll save up my pocket money and get a job."
So that’s exactly what I did. Though I was too young to do any other paid work, I had my own solution. I started saving my $10-a-week pocket money. Also, I washed my parents’car or mowed the lawn for extra cash.
In 2020, we moved to Perth. One day, I saw a pamphlet（小册子） in the letter box advertising a job delivering catalogues. When I told Mum I wanted to do it, she tried to put me off the idea, reminding me that the work was tiring and time-consuming. But when seeing the determination in my eyes, she agreed to call them. Thankfully, my young age didn’t bother them-I got the job. On a Monday, a mountain of catalogues were dropped off at our house, which shocked me a lot. I told myself to calm down and dedicated to work. It took me nine hours to sort through them. At first, I used my bike and carried the catalogues in my backpack to deliver them to 430 houses in my area.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
After several deliveries, I found it wasn't very efficient.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Three and a half years later, I saved a massive $6,500, and Dad and I flew to Cairo, Egypt.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1-5 ACBAC 6-7 AB 8-9 CB 10-13 CABB 14-17 ACAC 18-20 BCA
