2024学年通用版小升初英语专项测试：阅读选择（含解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2024年通用版小升初英语专项复习：阅读选择
一、阅读选择
1．阅读短文，选择正确的答案。
One afternoon, Mary and her little brother Tom, were playing hide and seek in the street outside the post office.
Mary had shut her eyes when Tom noticed that the small door of the letter box was left open. The postman had just taken all the letters out and got into the post office. Tom climbed into the letter box and shut the door from the inside. When he knew he couldn't get out, he became very frightened and cried. At the same time Mary was looking for him everywhere. But she could not find him. Then she came back to the letter box again and heard her brother crying in it. She ran to tell the postman at once.
With the help of the postman, Tom got out of the letter box. "Next time, if you want to hide in the letter box, don't forget to put up a stamp on yourself, " said the postman with a smile.
（1）Tom was Mary's ________.
A．friend B．little brother C．elder brother
（2）One day Mary and Tom were playing________ in the street outside the post office.
A．basketball B．football C．hide and seek
（3）Tom hid himself into the ________，and then he closed the door from the inside.
A．box B．basket C．letter box
（4）Tom felt very________ when he knew he couldn't get out.
A．frightened B．interested C．satisfied
（5）Mary found her brother was in the letter box, when she heard Tom's _______in the letter box.
A．crying B．singing C．smiling
阅读短文，选择正确的答案。
Mary read a book about space travel yesterday. It says an American spaceship took a man into space in 1969. The man is Armstrong and he is the first person to walk on the moon. Russia （俄罗斯） sent the first animal into space in 1957. That is a dog. Its name is Laika. China sent a man into space in 2003. His name is Yang Liwei. The book is interesting and Mary loves it.
2．Mary ____ yesterday.
A．read a book B．bought a book
3．Armstrong is the first person to walk on ____.
A．the moon B．the earth
4．____ sent the first animal into space.
A．China B．Russia
5．Laika is a ____.
A．cat B．dog
6．Yang Liwei flew into space ____.
A．in 1957 B．in 2003
阅读短文，选择正确的答案。
Chen Li is from Boluo, a small town in Huizhou, Guangdong. There were two clean rivers and seven lakes many years ago. There were many bamboos and trees on the mountains. And there were many birds and other small animals in the mountains. There weren't any tall buildings there. This summer holiday, Chen Li went back to Boluo. There is only one river and four big lakes now. There are many tall buildings in this town, but he can't see the small animals in the mountains now. He is a little worried.
7．There were not_________ many years ago.
A．rivers or lakes
B．many birds and small animals
C．any tall buildings
8．There were_________ on the mountains.
A．many bamboos and trees
B．flowers and fruit trees
C．bridges and towers
9．There is only_________ now.
A．a bridge B．a river C．a tower
10．Chen Li is a little_________ about the changes.
A．happy B．worried C．angry
11．There are_________ big lakes now.
A．four B．five C．seven
Choose the best answer (根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案，用A,B,C,D等表示)
No one knows why we sleep, but it's certain that we need to. People who are prevented(阻止) from sleeping begin to suffer obvious(明显的) effects after a few days—they think less clearly, and they fall asleep during the working hours.
There are no rules about sleep. Generally speaking, grown-ups sleep about 7 and a half hours each night and probably more than 60 percent get between seven and eight hours. But perhaps eight percent are quite happy with 5 hours or less, and four percent or so find that they want ten hours or more. If you feel all right, you're probably getting enough sleep. The important thing is not to worry how much other people get—their needs may be different. Exercise doesn't seem to increase the need for sleep—office workers, for example, sleep for about as long as people doing physically active work.
Children sleep more than grown-ups—perhaps 14 to 18 hours soon after birth, going down to grown-up levels by early teenage. Sleep patterns also tend (倾向) to be different in the old people, who may sleep less at night than they did when younger, find sleep getting more broken, and often make it a rule to sleep during the daytime.
12．Some people can't think clearly because ____.
A．they have bad memory
B．they feel sleepy during the working hours
C．they don't have enough sleep
D．they may be kept from going to bed
13．Whether you have got enough sleep is judged (判断) by ____.
A．how many hours you have slept
B．how many hours you need to sleep
C．if you do exercise and physical work
D．if you feel fresh and energetic
14．According to the passage, a boy of 18 years old sleeps ____.
A．as long hours as a grown-up　　
B．much longer hours than a grown-up
C．for 14 hours each night　　
D．for less than 8 hours each night
15．Which of the following is true according to the passage
A．All grown-ups must have at least eight-hour sleep.
B．Most of grown-ups sleep for seven or eight hours.
C．Quite a few people need 5 hours or less in sleep.
D．No grown-ups sleep more than ten hours.
16．Who may sleep less during the night and have to take a nap during the day
A．Children B．Grown-ups C．Young people D．Old people
17．
阅读邮件，选择正确答案。
Dear
Alan,
How
do you do I write to you at school. We go to school from Monday to Friday.
There are four classes in the morning and three classes in the afternoon. We
usually do homework after school. I have two friends at school. One is from
Australia. His name is Mike. The other is from the US. Her name is Linda. They
speak Chinese well. I like to play games with my friends. What about you
Please write to me soon!
Yours,
Han
Meimei
（1）—Who does Han Meimei write to
—She writes to ________.
A．Mike B．Linda C．Alan
（2）There are ________ classes in a day.
A．four B．five C．seven
（3）—How many friends does Han Meimei have at school
—________
A．One. B．Two. C．Three.
（4）Mike is from ________.
A．Australia B．England C．America
（5）Mike and Linda speak ________ well.
A．Chinese B．French C．Japanese
答案解析部分
1．【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）C
（4）A
（5）A
【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了一天下午玛丽和她的弟弟汤姆在邮局外的街上捉迷藏的故事。
（1）A朋友；B小弟弟；C大哥哥，根据One afternoon, Mary and her little brother Tom, were playing hide and seek in the street outside the post office.可知汤姆是玛丽的弟弟。故答案为B。
（2）A篮球；B足球；C捉迷藏，根据One afternoon, Mary and her little brother Tom, were playing hide and seek in the street outside the post office.可知一天，玛丽和汤姆在邮局外的街上玩捉迷藏游戏。故答案为C。
（3）A盒子；B篮子；C信箱，根据Tom climbed into the letter box and shut the door from the inside.可知汤姆躲进信箱，然后从里面关上门。故答案为C。
（4）A恐惧的；B感兴趣的；C满意的，根据When he knew he couldn't get out, he became very frightened and cried.可知汤姆知道自己出不来了，感到非常害怕。故答案为A。
（5）A正在哭；B正在唱歌；C正在微笑，根据Then she came back to the letter box again and heard her brother crying in it.可知玛丽发现她的弟弟在信箱里，这时她听到汤姆在信箱里哭。故答案为A。
【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，首先通读短文，理解大意；其次阅读题干，根据题干信息找出相关句进行选择。
【答案】2．A
3．A
4．B
5．B
6．B
【解析】【分析】大意：本文主要讲述了玛丽昨天读了一篇关于太空旅行的书的内容。
【点评】考查阅读理解，先浏览题目，再从文章中找出合适的答案，正确作答。
2．句意：玛丽昨天_______。A读书；B买书。根据 Mary read a book about space travel yesterday.可知玛丽昨天读书了。故答案为：A。
3．句意： 阿姆斯特朗是第一个在______上行走的人。A月球；B地球。根据 The man is Armstrong and he is the first person to walk on the moon. 可知阿姆斯特朗是第一个在月球上行走的人。故答案为：A。
4．句意：_____送第一只动物到太空。A中国；B俄罗斯。根据 Russia （俄罗斯） sent the first animal into space in 1957. 可知俄罗斯送第一只动物到太空。故答案为：B。
5．句意：莱卡是一只______。A猫；B狗。根据 That is a dog. Its name is Laika. 可知莱卡是一只狗。故答案为：B。
6．句意：杨利伟______飞入太空。A在1957年；B在2003年。根据China sent a man into space in 2003. His name is Yang Liwei. 可知杨利伟在2003年飞入太空。故答案为：B。
【答案】7．C
8．A
9．B
10．B
11．A
【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了陈丽多年前住在小镇，过去和现在小镇的变化。
【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，首先通读短文，理解大意；其次阅读题干，根据题干信息找出相关句进行选择，识记many years ago，summer holiday和big lakes等。
7．A河流或湖泊，B许多鸟和小动物，C许多高楼，根据There weren't any tall buildings there.可知许多年前，那里没有任何高楼。故答案为C。
8．A许多竹子和树，B花卉和果树，C桥梁和塔，根据There were many bamboos and treeson the mountains. 可知山上有许多竹子和树。故答案为A。
9．A一座桥，B河，C塔，根据There is only one river and four big lakes now.可知现在只有一条河。故答案为B。
10．A快乐的，B担心，C愤怒的，根据He is a little worried. 可知陈丽有点担心这些变化。故答案为B。
11．A四，B五，C七，根据There is only one river and four big lakes now.可知现在有四个大湖。故答案为A。
【答案】12．B
13．D
14．A
15．B
16．D
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章主要讲述了睡眠对人类的重要性和不同人对睡眠时间的不同需要。
【点评】此题考查阅读理解，首先要浏览全文，然后正确理解句意，从文中找到相关信息，得出答案。
12．题意：一些人不能清楚的思考是因为……。A他们有糟糕的记忆力；B他们在工作时间感觉困倦；C他们没有足够的睡眠；D他们可能被禁止上床睡觉。根据文中People who are prevented from sleeping begin to suffer obvious effects after a few days—they think less clearly, and they fall asleep during the working hours.被禁止睡觉的人几天后就会开始受到明显的影响——他们的思维不太清晰，并且在工作时间睡着。可知， 不睡觉的人思维不清晰，并且在工作时间感觉困倦，故答案为B。
13．句意：你是否睡眠充足是通过……判断的。A你已经睡了多少小时；B你需要睡多少小时；C是否你做锻炼和体力工作；D是否你感觉精力充沛。根据文中If you feel all right, you're probably getting enough sleep.如果您感觉良好，则可能睡眠充足。可知，如果你感觉良好，你可能得到了足够的睡眠，故答案为D。
14．句意：根据短文，一个18岁的男孩睡觉……。A像成年人一样时间；B比成年人更长时间；C每晚14个小时；D每晚不少于8小时。根据文中Children sleep more than grown-ups—perhaps 14 to 18 hours soon after birth, going down to grown-up levels by early teenage.儿童的睡眠时间比成人长——出生后不久可能需要 14 至 18 小时，到青少年时期就会下降到成人的水平。可知， 18岁的男孩睡眠时间达到了成人的水平，故答案为A。
15．句意：根据短文下面哪一个是正确的？A所有成男人必须有至少8小时的睡眠。B大部分成年人睡7或8个小时。C不少人在睡眠上需要5个小时或更少。D没有成年人睡眠多于10个小时。根据文中Generally speaking, grown-ups sleep about 7 and a half hours each night and probably more than 60 percent get between seven and eight hours.一般来说，成年人每晚的睡眠时间约为 7 个半小时，其中超过 60% 的人睡眠时间在 7 至 8 小时之间。可知，成年人大部分需要睡7个或者8个小时，故答案为B。
16．句意：谁可能在晚上睡眠更少并且白天不得不打个盹？A孩子们；B成年人；C年轻人；D老年人。根据文中Sleep patterns also tend to be different in the old people , who may sleep less at night than they did when younger, find sleep getting more broken, and often make it a rule to sleep during the daytime.老年人的睡眠模式也往往有所不同，他们晚上可能比年轻时睡得少，发现睡眠变得更加破碎，并且常常习惯于白天睡觉。可知，老年人晚上睡眠更少，白天必须打个盹，故答案为D。
17．【答案】（1）C
（2）C
（3）B
（4）A
（5）A
【解析】【分析】大意：韩梅梅给艾伦写信的信件，她在学校的日常生活。
（1）A迈克，B琳达，C艾伦，根据Dear Alan，Yours，Han Meimei，可知韩梅梅给艾伦写信。故答案为C。
（2）A四，B五，C七，根据There are four classes in the morning and three classes in the afternoon. 可知一天有七节课。故答案为C。
（3）A一个。B两个。C三个。根据I have two friends at school.可知韩梅梅在学校有两个朋友。故答案为B。
（4）A澳大利亚，B英国，C美国，根据One is from Australia. His name is Mike.可知迈克来自澳大利亚。故答案为A。
（5）A汉语，B法语，C日语，根据They speak Chinese well.可知迈克和琳达汉语说得很好。故答案为A。
【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，首先通读短文，理解大意；其次阅读题干，根据题干信息找出相关句进行选择，识记go to school，in the afternoon和do homework等。
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