2024年中考英语专题课件：话题二十 历史与社会&故事与诗歌(共54张PPT)

(共54张PPT)
2024年中考英语专题
课件
第一部分 话题培优
话题二十 历史与社会&故事与诗歌
重难点突破
表达能力提升
核心素养培优
历史与社会（History and society）下的子话题分别为中国历史与世界
历史（History of China and the world）、著名人物（Famous people），
故事与诗歌（Stories and poems）下的子话题分别为故事（Stories）、诗
歌（Poems）、短剧（Short plays）、作家（Writers）。本部分话题较为
突出地体现了人文性，想要自如地表述有关历史与社会方面的内容、准确
讲述中外故事并欣赏诗歌，需要掌握以下知识点。
重难点突破
01
1.belong to 的用法
【观察】 It must belong to Carla.
【探究】belong to意为“属于”，其后跟名词或代词作宾语，没有被动语态。
belong to sb.通常可以和“be+名词性物主代词/名词所有格（一般是's所有
格）”互相转换。如：
It belongs to Mary.= It is Mary's.
【运用】单项选择。
（1）The French book must ___. She's the only one that is studying
French.
B
A.belong to Lily's B.belong to Lily C.belongs to Lily's D.belongs to Lily
同义句转换。
（2）That black bag belongs to Gina.
_______________________
That black bag is Gina's.
2.情态动词表推测
【观察】① The hair band must belong to Linda.
② Mr. Smith can't be teaching in this school.
③ The boy may be 13 years old.
【探究】（1）must表示很有把握的推测，意为“一定会；肯定会”，只用
于肯定句中。
（2）can表推测时通常只用于否定句或疑问句中，而could可用于肯定句、
否定句和疑问句中。两者没有时间上的差别，只是could比can更委婉，更
不确定。can't和couldn't均表示“不可能”。
（3）may和might表示推测时，might比may语气更不确定，表示的可能性
更小。may not和might not均表示“可能不”。
【运用】单项选择。
（1）（2023·成都中考）Your answer ___ be right, but I'm going to
check to make sure.
B
A.can't B.might C.must
（2）（2023·扬州中考）—What awful news! A little girl's finger was
stuck in a small hole.
—To parents, children's safety ___ be paid too much attention to.
C
A.mustn't B.may not C.can't D.shouldn't
（3）—What do you think “upset” means
—I'm not sure. It ___ mean “sad”.
B
A.must B.may C.can D.should
（4）（2022·牡丹江中考）—Listen! I think it ____ be Mrs. Li singing
in the next room.
— It ______ be her. I know she has already left for New York.
A.may； must B.must； can't C.must； mustn't
B
B
（5）—______I finish my homework now
—No, you____. Your work is over today.
A.Can't; must B.Must; don't have to
C.May; couldn't D.Couldn't; could
B
B
3.“感官动词+复合宾语”结构
【观察】① They see their family and neighbors coming to the church.
② One morning, he heard a man singing.
③ She noticed a rabbit jump down a big hole in the ground.
④ I like to watch the monkeys climb around.
⑤I felt something crawl up my arm.
【探究】see, hear, watch, notice, feel等都属于感官动词，其后可接复合
宾语。
（1）接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，表示动作发生的全过程。
（2）接现在分词作宾语补足语，表示动作正在进行。
【运用】根据汉语意思完成句子。
（1）我看到他弹钢琴了。
I saw him _____the piano.
play
（2）我看到他正在弹钢琴。
I saw him ________ the piano.
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
playing
（3）—Do you often hear John_____ （sing）in his room
—Yes. Listen! Now we can hear him ________ （sing） in his room.
sing
singing
4.辨析happen与take place
【观察】① An accident happened in that street.
② Great changes have taken place in my hometown during the past ten
years.
【探究】（1）happen意为“发生；碰巧”，表示事情的发生带有偶然性，其
后可接to sb./sth.。
（2）take place意为“发生；举行；举办”，一般指事情按计划发生。
【运用】根据汉语意思完成句子。
（1）这起车祸发生在上个星期。
The car accident _________ last week.
happened
（2）班会将于明天举行。
The class meeting will __________ tomorrow.
take place
单项选择。
（3）Can you tell me what happened ___ him just now
C
A.with B.for C.to D.at
表达能力提升
02
Ⅰ.补全对话
根据下面对话中的情境，在每个空白处填入一个适当的语句，使对话
恢复完整。
A: Hi, Lily. Will you go to the concert in our school tomorrow
B: Sorry, I am flying to China tomorrow.
A: Oh, good news.1. ___________________________.
B: Yes, I am excited but a little nervous.
A: 2.____________________？
You must be excited about it
Why are you nervous
B: Because I don't know many of the customs and manners in
China. Could you give me some advice
A: 3.__________.
B: What should I do when I am invited to a Chinese friend's home
A: 4.________________________. So you should be on time.
B: I know. 5.______________________________？
A: Yes. But if you can't use them, you can use spoons instead.
B: Thanks for your advice.
A: You're welcome.
Of course
It's impolite to arrive late
Am I supposed to use chopsticks
Ⅱ.书面表达
古今中外，文学名著犹如浩瀚星宇，给我们带来诸多影响和意义。你
校正在开展“阅读经典，分享经典”的征文活动，要求大家用英语写一篇文
章，介绍自己最喜欢、印象尤为深刻的一部名著。
Name and writer …
Place where the story is set …
Stories the book tells …
Influence and your opinion …
要求： 1. 短文内容必须包含表格中所有要点，可适当发挥；
2.不能出现真实的人名、校名和地名；
3.词数: 不少于70。（文章开头已给出，但不计入总词数。）
I have read a lot of famous books. One of my favorite books is
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
Jane Eyre, by Charlotte Bronte, an English female writer. The story is
set in the northern England in the early nineteenth century. It tells about
Jane Eyre, a woman who isn't pretty but has a strong idea of self-
respect.
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
My favorite part of the book is the wonderful dialogues between
Jane and Mr. Rochester. I still remember the well-known sentence from
the book: Do you think because I am poor and plain, I have no feelings
Jane Eyre tells how women fought for a happy and equal life at that
time. Many people, including me, are deeply moved by the story. It's
why it is read and loved by people all over the world.
核心素养培优
03
Ⅰ.完形填空
（2022·连云港中考改编）阅读下面短文，理解大意，从所给的四个
选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。
Zu Ti was a great man of the Jin Dynasty. He was . .1. . for his hard
work and great achievements. But when he was a child, he was a
naughty （顽皮的） boy who showed little . .2. . in reading. As he grew
up, Zu Ti . .3. . he didn't have enough knowledge. And he deeply felt that
he could not serve his country well. So he made up his mind to study
hard.
Zu Ti had a close friend named Liu Kun. They had a deep
friendship. So they stayed together every day. They even slept on one
bed every night and . .4. . at the same time every morning. One day, when
they were . .5. ., Zu Ti heard the rooster crowing （打鸣）. An . .6. . came
to him. He woke up Liu Kun and said, “How about getting up to play
swords （剑） ”Though he was still sleepy, Liu Kun agreed with Zu Ti
gladly. From then on, they got up and played swords . .7. . the rooster
began crowing. They kept their words day after day. They never gave up
no matter how cold in winter or hot in summer. Besides, they began to
study history . .8. . and put all their energy into reading books. . .9. ., they
learned a great deal of knowledge and made much progress. A few years
later, both of them grew up with talents and wisdom. At last, their . .10. .
came true and they made great contributions to their country.
This is the Chinese idiom story To Rise with the Rooster.
1.( ) A.ready B.famous C.late D.sorry
B
2.( ) A.pride B.respect C.interest D.kindness
C
3.( ) A.realized B.decided C.imagined D.promised
A
4.( ) A.picked up B.got up C.gave up D.made up
B
5.( ) A.fighting B.discussing C.sleeping D.reading
C
6.( ) A.order B.idea C.exam D.ability
B
7.( ) A.as well as B.as much as C.as good as D.as soon as
D
8.( ) A.carefully B.politely C.probably D.recently
A
9.( ) A.In this way B.By the way C.In their way D.On his way
A
10.( ) A.mistakes B.dreams C.hobbies D.difficulties
B
Ⅱ.阅读理解
第一节：阅读下面两篇短文，从所给的四个选项中选出能回答所提问题或
完成所给句子的一个最佳答案。
（A）（2023·陕西中考）
Inventive Minds
Inventions can change the world, you may say.
But did you know we are inventors today
And now just like Orville and Wilbur Wright,
Our ideas are starting to take flight!
We all have inventive minds.
We are thinking of new ideas all the time.
Yes, kids have inventive minds.
We're using them ev'ry day of our lives!
Words and music by
Steve and Kathy Hoover
*Orville and Wilbur Wright brothers were the inventors of the early
plane.
**The word “flight” is the noun（n.）form of the verb（v.）“fly”.
***The word “ev'ry” stands for “every”.
1.This text was created as a（n）___.
A
A.song B.diary C.play D.ad
2.From what we read, we know Orville and Wilbur Wright invented the
early ___.
C
A.car B.ship C.plane D.train
3.What is the authors' real purpose of creating the text ( )
D
A.To teach English to children.
B.To introduce an invention.
C.To praise Orville and Wilbur Wright.
D.To encourage children to be creative.
（B）（2023·苏州中考）
Confucianism （儒家思想） has been followed by Chinese people
for more than two thousand years.
To help people understand how to behave towards others,
Confucianism teaches the Five Constants （五常）. These are ren, yi, li,
zhi and xin. They are general virtues （美德） around the world. The
most important two are ren and li.
Ren is the feeling of care and love we should have for others.
Confucius explained ren could best be understood as loving others. He is
famous for teaching people “What you do not want done to yourself, do
not do to others”. It is quite similar to what is known in the West as
the Golden Rule （treat others as you wish to be treated）.
While the meaning of ren is easy to understand, li is a little harder
to express. It can be thought of as duty or even respect. Generally, li is
the way we should connect with people in our everyday life. In
Confucian writings, discussions about li include the proper way to drink
tea and how to remember ancestors （祖先）. While ren is mostly about
our opinions and feelings, li is about how we express our opinions and
feelings towards others and towards the world around us.
Perhaps the most well-known Confucian virtue is xiao. This is the
duty children have to their parents. Xiao means loving, respecting,
obeying and taking care of one's parents in their old age. In
Confucianism, xiao is important for a harmonious （和谐的） society:
Without it, the whole world would fall into a mess.
1.Which are the most important of the Five Constants ( )
B
A.Ren and yi. B.Ren and li. C.Li and xin. D.Yi and zhi.
2.What is the best Chinese for the underlined sentence in Paragraph
3 ( )
C
A.博学于文，约之以礼。 B.学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。
C.己所不欲，勿施于人。 D.君子和而不同，小人同而不和。
3.Which of the following is an example of li ( )
C
A.Building a peaceful society. B.Taking care of one's children.
C.Obeying rules for drinking tea. D.Learning all through one's life.
4.What does the passage mainly tell us about Confucianism ( )
A
A.Its general virtues. B.Its long history.
C.Its new challenges. D.Its golden rules.
第二节：根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
（C）（2022·江西中考）
Silk, the word itself is beautiful. The story of silk started in China
over 4,000 years ago. It says a silkworm's cocoon（蚕茧）fell into a
woman's teacup. It then opened into a single, unbroken thread（线）.
1.___The Chinese learned they could use the cocoons to make cloth that
was both beautiful to look at and soft to touch.
C
2.___ In other countries, silk was valuable and not often seen. Often
it was worth more than gold. It's said that the secret finally got out
when a princess left China to go to India. In her hair, she secretly
carried many silkworms.
By the year 1 A.D., silk was sold as far west as Rome, and all
long the Silk Road. 3.___ Centuries later, in 1522, the Spanish brought
silkworms to Mexico.
F
G
Nowadays people around the world still make many beautiful things
from silk. Silk isn't only beautiful. It seems that it's easy to break.
4.___For example，it has been used to make bicycle tires（轮胎）.And
some doctors even use silk threads in the hospital. 5.___ This makes it
great for clothes like winter jackets, pants, and shoes.
All of this from a little insect—the silkworm. That is the miracle
（神奇）of silk.
A
B
A. Actually it's very strong.
B. Silk is also light and warm.
C. This was an important discovery.
D. The woman became famous and popular.
E. A princess started the silk trade between China and India.
F. Making silk was a protected secret in China for many years.
G. Around the year 300,silk also traveled from China to Japan.
Ⅲ.完成句子：根据所给汉语意思，用单词或短语完成下列英文句子。
1.（2022·鄂州中考改编）这辆玩具卡车一定是迪克的。他是野餐中唯一的
小孩。
This toy truck _______________ Dick. He was the only little kid at the
picnic.
must belong to
2.那件外套可能是我祖母的。
That coat may be ______________________________.
my grandmother's /my grandma's
3.西安是一座历史悠久的城市。
Xi'an is a city which has ______________.
a long history
4.学习使用毛笔可以使他们的生活更加丰富多彩，并且可以帮助他们更好
地了解中国文化。
Learning to use brush pens can make their life more colorful and help
them ________________ Chinese culture.
better understand
5.这个故事让我想起了我的童年。
This story ________ me of my childhood.
reminds
Ⅳ.短文填空
（2023·烟台中考改编）用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文
完整正确。（每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词。）
culture, make, rapid, know, early, have, develop, I, wait, city
During this year's May Day holiday, Yemeni （也门） student
Mohammed Saleh Ahmed and his Chinese friends visited Pingyao ancient
city in Shanxi Province. They even experienced the ancient way of
getting money in the 1._______ bank of China.
earliest
“The historical relics （遗迹） in China's ancient 2.______ have
made me want to learn more about the country's past,” Mohammed said.
In recent years, tourism industries have developed 3._______ and these
relics have become new favorites of tourists.
Xinzhou ancient city in Shanxi, with a history of more than 1,800
years, 4.____ had over 500 stores and restaurants. During the five-day
holiday, Xinzhou ancient city received more than 400,000 visitors.
cities
rapidly
has
“5._____ restaurant is always busy. During the peak （高峰） season,
the yard is crowded with tourists who are 6.________ for dinner,” said
Wang Guodong, a businessman who owns a restaurant in Xinzhou ancient
city.
Geng Yeqiang, an expert from Shanxi University, said that historical
relics can form a 7.________ tourism circle during their protection and
8.____________. The process can increase local economic（经济的）
growth. The expert also said, “At the same time, relics protection
organizations and the tourism organizations should work together to
9.______ this economic model better.”
My
waiting
cultural
development
make
When a modern city meets its old past, not only can the tourism be
developed better, but the local culture and history can also be 10._______
by more people.
known
Ⅴ.任务型阅读
（2023·连云港中考改编）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成下列
各题。
One day, a young boy named Zhang Liang was walking along a
bridge. He saw an old man sitting there. One of the old man's shoes was
left under the bridge.
“Go over there and get my shoe, young boy!” the old man ordered.
Zhang Liang felt surprised, but he still picked it up for the old man. The
old man said, “Five days later, please come to meet me at the bridge
early in the morning.”
Five days later, Zhang Liang went there as promised. But the old
man came there before him. The old man got angry about his lazy habit.
Zhang Liang was asked to come again. The next day, Zhang Liang
arrived earlier than before. But the old man was still before him. The
old man became much angrier and asked him to get there again the next
morning.
This time, Zhang Liang arrived at the bridge late at night. He spent
the whole night there. When the old man came the next early morning,
he was happy to find Zhang Liang there earlier than him.
The old man nodded with a smile and gave Zhang Liang a valuable
book. Zhang Liang read the book carefully day and night and learned
many skills from it. Many years later, he became a wise general （将军）
and made great achievements.
1.Where did Zhang Liang get one of the old man's shoes
He got one of the old man's shoes ________________.
under the bridge
2.Who came to the bridge first five days later
_____________came to the bridge first five days later.
The old man
3.Why was the old man angry with Zhang Liang
Because Zhang Liang ________________.
came/arrived late
4.What did the old man give Zhang Liang at last
The old man gave Zhang Liang _______________ at last.
a valuable book
5.What can we learn from Zhang Liang
We can learn
“_______________________________________________________________
_________________________________”.
Never give up. /Be polite to the elderly./Be patient. /Be helpful. /Work hard. /Study hard.（答案合理即可）
thanks