2024年中考英语三轮抢分冲刺：语法填空
语法填空题一共有10个空,其中有6~7个空考查实词,括号内有给出相关的词,另外的3~4个空为考查虚词,不给出相关的词。此题型主要考查学生对语法和词法知识的掌握和运用。要注意不同词性的构词法,学会分析空格里的词在句子中的成分也很重要。其考查形式分为给出提示词和不给出提示词两种：
1.给出提示词的考查内容包括：词性转换（如名词、动词、形容词与副词等的词性转换）；名词单、复数变化；形容词和副词的比较等级变化；动词的时态、语态以及非谓语动词等。
2.不给出提示词的考查内容包括：根据上下文语境填入冠词、副词、连词、代词及介词等。
中考语法填空题的解题步骤：
1.若是短文语法填空，就读首段首句，预猜文章大意；（若猜不出文章大意，就快速浏览全文）；如果是单句，直接进第二步。
2.边读边认边填 ；（看要填的空有无提示词，有，是哪些词？用以上的方法去套用）
（1）考点分布一般比较均匀，除动词外，考点一般不重复。
【分配：名词 + 动词*2 + 形容词 + 副词 + 冠词 + 介词 + 连词 + 连接词 + 代词】
（2）有提示词均需要变形，且变形方向是固定的。因此想不出答案时可以根据考点依次带入排除。（比如3-4个无提示词的填空已经填入了冠词、介词、连词，则剩下的大概率是三大从句的连接词或者疑问词）
3.重读以检查核对。
名词考点：
名词的形式变化主要有可数名词单数复数、名词所有格、词性转变、固定搭配。
名词单复数（依据：横线前有表示复数的词如a few，lots of，these，those，或者数量词等，或者there be句型中be动词为复数are或were形式）
名词所有格（依据：横线后又是名词且提示词的名词对后面的名词不形成修饰关系，而形成从属关系）
名词词性变化（依据：根据前后文词性判断名词是否要变化成相应的形容词、副词、动词等）
动词【两大方向：谓语动词与非谓语动词】：
时态 + 语态
（依据1：前后文的时态和形式，或者时间状语；
依据2：特殊句型；
依据3：前后文的被动关系）
非谓语动词的三种形式 [doing,，done，to do]（根据固定的搭配形式来改变动词形式，如want to do就要把do变to do，finish doing就要把do变doing）
【注意】实义动词与实义动词是不可能以两个动词原形的形式直接衔接在一起的，后面一个一定会变形。
比如实义动词want，play，practice在一起，可以形成want play（错），want to play（对），practice to play（错），practice playing（对）
因此，当做到动词题的时候一定要往前一个词看，找是否有实义动词，如果有，则横线上填写的动词肯定是非谓语动词的三种形式之一。【…动词 ______(动词)】
如果横线与前一个动词之间还夹着别的成分，那需要按着语法来判断。【…动词 + 代词/名词 + ______(动词)】
【用to do的其他形式】
1、后置定语（动词不定式在句中作定语时一般都要放在所修饰名词或代词的后面）
如： 1、a chance to do sth 做某事的一个机会 2、the way to do sth 做某事的办法
3、the best time to do sth 做某事的最佳时间 4、something to eat 一些吃的东西
5、something to drink 一些喝的东西 6、a lot of work to do 许多要做的工作
7、get / have a chance to do sth. 得到一个做某事的机会
2、It’s+形容词（adj.）+for(of) +sb +to do sth对某人来说做某事怎么样
【分析】形容词（adj.）修饰文中的事情既to do sth时，人前的介词用for ； 但是如果形容词（adj.）修饰
文中的人既sb时，人前面的介词用of.
①It’s hard for me to learn English well.（句子 hard 是修饰动词不定式to learn English well，意为学好英语难，所以用的介词是for sb.）
②It’s kind of you to help me.（句中kind“善良的”修饰you(人) 意为你善良，所以介词用of sb.）
3、It takes sb. some time/money to do sth. 花费某人多长时间做某事（常考）
4、It’s time for sb. to do sth. 是某人做某事的时候了
形容词与副词考点：
形容词比较级与最高级（依据1：比较级看句子中是否有than，最高级看形容词前面是否有the或后面有没有in/of+范围的形式。依据2：横线前有even，much、a little/bit等后面需要用比较级的词）
固定句型（常见的为比较级的相关句型：the more…the more…，more and more。表示建议的句型：had better do sth。表示状态的句型：主语+ be + adj + to do）
形容词副词化（依据：提示词为形容词，空格后有谓语动词或者形容词；或者空格位于句首，用逗号隔开）
动词的ing与ed形式（依据：横线前有be动词或是后面有名词，则用ing形式；横线前有人称代词或人名，则用ed形式）
否定变化（如happy变成unhappy）】
注意：形容词是修饰名词的，而副词是修饰动词、形容词与副词本身的。
代词考点：
宾格（横线在谓语动词后面）
形容词性物主代词（横线后面有名词）
名词性物主代词（横线后面没有名词，前面有of或者前面有be动词等动词）
反身代词（横线前有和括号里同一类的且做主语成分的代词，此时把括号内的代词改为反身代词）
不定代词（一般以some/ever/any + thing为主，其次是others，another）
数量词考点：
基数词变序数词（横线前一般有the）
基数词变次数（一般只考once，twice）
单位词变复数（主要是百-hundred，千-thousand，百万-million，十亿-billion的用法）
注意： 300名学生——three hundred students（此时hundred后无s）
成百上千名学生——hundreds of students（hundred后有了of则要加s）
成百上千名学生——hundreds upon hundreds of students
介词考点：
单一介词（即介词表示某种具体的含义，如方向或时间，能够根据上下文含义推理出来）
动词、形容词、介词词组中的固定搭配，例如：come/be from，fall in love with……
注意：介词的判断依据除了看有没有词组，还可以依靠横线后的词性，因为介词后面只能接名词性质的词，所以后面要么是名词和代词，要么是动词ing形式。
He suggested me going there 37 foot because it was not far.
连词考点：
根据词性判断（空格两边词性或结构一致，大概率是并列连词；一个长句被逗号或横线隔开，左右两边结构完整，有可能是从属连词构成的复合句）
根据逻辑判断（并列连词都是有很强的逻辑性的，可以根据上下文的意思来判断）
第一看横线前后的词性结构是否一致，如It makes us smart and healthy。此时smart和healthy就属于词性结构一致。
第二看横线前后是否有完整的主谓（宾）结构，如I don't like her because she smokes too much。 左边主谓宾完整，右边主谓完整。
最后看逻辑关系，如果满足第一或第二，只需要把平常常考的连词代入去想就可以了。
【连词总结】and（常与both组合出现），or（常与either组合出现），but（常与also组合出现，形成not only…but also…），nor（常与neither组合出现），because，so等
注意：however是副词，常用作连词使用，出现的形式是单独在句首，用逗号与后文隔开：however，后句。也可能是放在中间，左右都用逗号隔开：前句，however，后句
冠词考点：
冠词分类：定冠词（the），不定冠词（a/an），零冠词（一般不考）
[空格后面一定有名词，或是被形容词修饰的名词。所以做题一定要注意往横线后面一直看，看有没有名词出现。]
定冠词与不定冠词的区分：the用于特指，第二次出现，形容词最高级。a/an用于泛指，第一次出现，固定搭配。[根据元音音素来判断用a还是an，【特殊例子特殊记】an + hour / honor / honesty；a + useful / university]
3、固定词组与搭配：take a walk，have a fever中的a就是固定的，by the way中the也是固定搭配
句子引导词、关系词等【常考的：that / whether / if/which/who与各类疑问词等】
根据句子的结构和成分分析是考查定语从句、状语从句还是宾语从句来判定。
词性转换：
根据句子确定词性，再根据构词法知识进行词形式变化。
（2024·贵州毕节·一模）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Usually schools and teachers set standards for students. But a school in Wuhan had a new try recently.
This year, the rules of Class 12, Senior 1 in Wuhan No. 6 High School have been made by the students 1 (they).
During the 2 (one) day of this school year, the teacher allowed his students to make their own rules. Each student 3 (ask) to make some rules. Then the 4 (rule) were discussed by the whole class. The rule-making activity lasted about a month. 5 (final), the class had 30 rules.
Most rules are about the way students should behave. And there are also some for teachers. “No lessons should overrun” is one example. Students will be punished for 6 (break) the rules. For example, 7 a student is late for class above a certain number of times, he or she will lose the chance to be 8 honor student. If a student is caught to use a cell phone during a class, the phone will be kept by the teacher until 9 (graduate).
Students say the rules work well in the classroom. “We’re the people 10 made the rules, so we have to follow them,” said a student.
【答案】
1．themselves 2．first 3．was asked 4．rules 5．Finally 6．breaking 7．if 8．an 9．graduation 10．who/that
【导语】本文主要介绍了武汉六中高一12班的学生们自己制定班规的事情。
1．句意：今年，武汉六中高一12班的班规由学生们自己制定。by oneself“独自；单独”，所以此处填写they的反身代词themselves“他们自己”。故填themselves。
2．句意：在本学年的第一天，老师允许他的学生们制定自己的规则。设空处指本学年的“第一”天，定冠词the后用序数词first“第一”。故填first。
3．句意：每个学生都被要求制定一些规则。主语student是动词ask的动作承受者，结合整段时态为一般过去时，所以设空处用一般过去时的被动语态“was/were done”，主语为第三人称单数，所以be动词用was。故填was asked。
4．句意：然后全班同学讨论规则。根据“were”可知，名词rule“规则”应用复数形式。故填rules。
5．句意：最终，这个班有30条规则。设空处位于句首，且其后有逗号隔开，应填写副词作状语；finally“最终”，句首首字母应大写。故填Finally。
6．句意：学生们违反规则将会被惩罚。介词for后接动名词作宾语。故填breaking。
7．句意：例如，如果一个学生上课迟到超过一定次数，他或她将失去成为优等生的机会。“a student is late for class above a certain number of times”是“he or she will lose the chance to be...honor student”的条件，应用if“如果”引导条件状语从句。故填if。
8．句意：例如，如果一个学生上课迟到超过一定次数，他或她将失去成为优等生的机会。此处泛指“一名优等生”，且honor是以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。
9．句意：如果学生被抓到在课堂上使用手机，手机将被老师保管到毕业。设空处应填写名词形式作宾语，graduation“毕业”，不可数名词。故填graduation。
10．句意：我们是制定规则的人，所以我们必须遵守规则。分析句子成分可知，本句为定语从句，先行词people指人，且关系词在从句中作主语，所以用who/that引导定语从句。故填who/that。
（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）
阅读语篇，根据内容填写所缺单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空，使语篇意思完整。每空限填一词。
When I became a middle school student, I decided to take Russian at school. I was so excited and really expected to learn it well. 11 , the Russian class seemed to be quite boring. Each day, Mr. Black, 12 teacher, would ask us to open our books and read aloud the Russian forms of words. This was the way he taught us every day. That was until one afternoon, when once again we were asked to open our books, and I 13 (decision) to speak up. When Mr. Black asked what was wrong, I explained why I found his class boring, how I had expected more, and that his teaching method seemed out of date.
When I finished speaking, I expected Mr. Black to 14 (angry) send me to the head teacher.
15 my surprise, he sat at his desk quietly, 16 (look) disappointed and tired. After a moment of 17 (silent), Mr. Black spoke. He quietly said that he would think carefully about what I had said. And that was it. In the following weeks, the Russian class didn’t become the exciting learning environment I had hoped for, but Mr. Black did try harder to interest 18 (our) in his classes.
Maybe some people would agree with what I did, but so many years 19 (late), I still feel bad about it. If I saw him now, I would tell him how much I 20 (regret) what I’d done that day in class. I would also tell him that he taught me a wonderful lesson that day. Following my unkind words, Mr. Black showed me that being hurt doesn’t mean you have to give away your pride, and that no one can take it away from you. Take unkind words kindly.
【答案】
11．However 12．the 13．decided 14．angrily 15．To 16．looking 17．silence 18．us 19．later 20．regretted
【导语】本文主要讲述了在一次俄语课上，作者当众向老师表达了自己的不满，老师非但没有批评作者，反而在之后的教学中努力改进教学方法，这使作者悟出来一个道理：被语言所伤并不意味着丧失了尊严。
11．句意：然而，俄语课似乎相当无聊。根据上文“I was so excited and really expected to learn it well. ”可知，我对于俄语课感到非常兴奋且很期待把这门课学好，然而俄语课的无聊与我的期待形成了转折。故填However。
12．句意：每天，老师布莱克先生，让我们翻开书大声读俄语单词形式。the表特指，特指布莱克这位老师。故填the。
13．句意：我决定大胆说出来。decision名词，决定，考查decide to do sth. 决定去做某事，时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填decided。
14．句意：当我说完的时候，我以为布莱克先生会愤怒地把我送到班主任那里。angry形容词，生气的，分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词修饰动词send，作状语。故填angrily。
15．句意：令我惊讶的是，他安静地坐在办公桌前。考查短语to one’s surprise令某人惊讶的是。故填To。
16．句意：令我惊讶的是，他安静地坐在办公桌前，看起来失望且疲惫。分析句子结构可知，此处用现在分词作伴随状语。故填looking。
17．句意：在一瞬间的沉默后，布莱克先生讲话了。a moment of后接名词，silent沉默的，名词形式为silence。故填silence。
18．句意：在布莱克先生的课上，他的确努力地引起我们的兴趣。考查代词宾格形式，interest sb.引起某人的兴趣，动词后用代词的宾格形式。故填us。
19．句意：但很多年后，我对此感到很不愉快。many years later许多年后。故填later。
20．句意：如果我现在看到他，我会告诉他我有多么后悔那天在课堂上所做的一切。时态为一般过去时，所以应填动词的过去式形式。故填regretted。
（2024·黑龙江大庆·一模）
When you learn English, listening, speaking and writing are important, but reading can also be very helpful. Here 21 (be) some good reading advice.
Try to read at the right level (水平). Read something that you can understand. If you need 22 (stop) every three words to use a dictionary, it is not interesting.
Try to increase (v.增加) the number of your new words. If there are four or five new words on a page, write them down in your notebook. But you don’t have to write them when you read. Instead, try to guess 23 (they) meanings as you read: mark them 24 a pen. Then when you finish 25 (read), look them 56. 26 in a dictionary and write them down in your 27 (owner) vocabulary (词汇) notebook. Then try to remember them.
Try to read regularly (定期的). For example, read for a short time once a day. Fifteen minutes every day is 28 (good) than two hours every Sunday. Fix a time to read and keep reading.
Read what interests you. Choose a book or a magazine about a subject that you like, because you are going to spend time and money reading it. So choose 29 interesting book. You can also read newspapers. There are many English newspapers in China. It is 30 (easily) enough to understand them and also there is something interesting in them.
【答案】
21．is 22．to stop 23．their 24．with 25．reading 26．up 27．own 28．better 29．an 30．easy
【导语】本文主要介绍了读书的重要性，并在如何读书方面提出了四条建议，分别是：选择适合自己水平的书、增加自己的词汇量、定期读书、读感兴趣的书。
21．句意：这里有一些好的阅读建议。根据“When you learn English”和“some good reading advice”可知该句为一般现在时，advice“建议”，不可数名词， be动词应用is，故填is。
22．句意：如果你需要每隔三个单词就停下来查字典，那是没有意思的。stop“停止”，动词， need to do sth.“需要做某事”，此处应填动词不定式，故填to stop。
23．句意：相反，尽量在你阅读的时候猜测它们的意思，用笔标记它们。they“它们”，人称代词主格，根据“ meanings”可知此处应填形容词性物主代词，故填their。
24．句意：相反，尽量在你阅读的时候猜测它们的意思，用笔标记它们。根据“mark them...a pen”可知此处指用笔标记它们，with“用”，故填with。
25．句意：然后当你读完的时候，在字典里查找它们，并在你自己的词汇笔记上写下它们。read“读”，finish doing sth.“完成做某事”，此处用动名词，故填reading。
26．句意：然后当你读完的时候，在字典里查找它们，并在你自己的词汇笔记上写下它们。根据句意可知此处指在字典里查找，look up“查找”，故填up。
27．句意：然后当你读完的时候，在字典里查找它们，并在你自己的词汇笔记上写下它们。owner“拥有者”，名词。此处应填形容词own“自己的”，修饰“vocabulary notebook”，故填own。
28．句意：每天15分钟比每周日两个小时要更好。good“好的”，形容词。空格处作表语，根据“than”可知此处用比较级，故填better。
29．句意：所以选择一本有趣的书。根据句意可知此处表示泛指，且interesting是以元音音素开头，此处用不定冠词an，故填an。
30．句意：理解它们是很容易的，而且其中也有有趣的东西。easily“容易地”，副词。此处应用形容词作表语，故填easy。
（2024·吉林长春·一模）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Scientists believe the Earth is 4. 6 billion years old. 31 , the mountains, hills, rivers, deserts and forests we see today are much younger than that. For example, Mount Qomolangma is about 60 million years old. 32 youngest sea in the world is the Baltic Sea, at about 15,000 years old.
The Earth is always changing because 33 volcanoes (火山), earthquakes and of course, wind and rain. Some of these changes are very slow and others are quick. Water and ice can make very great changes to the planet. Many volcanoes are under the oceans and sometimes they become new islands. This is happening in the South Pacific, near Tonga.
34 is normal for our planet to change, but at the moment, scientists think it’s changing faster than
usual. Some deserts are growing and many forests are getting smaller. The weather is getting 35 (wet) in some places and drier in others, and there are more big storms. According to the research, the sea level 36 (continue) to rise in the next hundred years. As a result, many cities will possibly 37 (cover) by water and much of the most productive farming areas will be lost. Some island 38 (country) are likely to disappear on the map of the world.
These changes will bring great harm to the planet. But they can be 39 (help) to some people. For example, as the Arctic is getting warmer, some people in Greenland now own businesses and sell vegetables 40 they grow on their land. That wasn’t possible in the far north 50 years ago. Farmers in Greenland like the warm weather and hope it will continue.
【答案】
31．However 32．The 33．of 34．It 35．wetter 36．will continue 37．be covered 38．countries 39．helpful 40．that/which
【导语】本文主要讲述了地球因为各种原因总是在变化，并详细地介绍了这些变化的好处和坏处。
31．句意：然而，我们今天看到的山脉、丘陵、河流、沙漠和森林都比这年轻得多。上一句中“the Earth is 4. 6 billion years old”与本句“the mountains, hills, rivers, deserts and forests we see today are much younger than that.”形成对比，此处可填表示对比的but或however；又因为but之后一般不得使用逗号，而however则必须用逗号与句子其他部分分开，因此应填however，且位于句首首字母要大写。故填However。
32．句意：世界上最年轻的海洋是波罗的海，约有15000年的历史。youngest是形容词young的最高级，形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the，且位于句首首字母要大写。故填The。
33．句意：由于火山、地震，当然还有风和雨，地球总是在变化。because是连词，意为“因为；由于”，用来引导原因状语从句；because of也意为“因为；由于”，后面跟名词、代词或动名词；此空后面都是名词，因此应填of。故填of。
34．句意：我们的星球发生变化是正常的，但目前，科学家们认为它的变化比平时更快。分析句子结构可知，此句为“It is + adj. + for sb./sth. + to do…”句型，句子真正的主语是后面的动词不定式to change，缺少形式主语it，且位于句首首字母要大写。故填It。
35．句意：有些地方的天气越来越潮湿，有些地方越来越干燥，大风暴也越来越多。并列连词and连接两个并列成分，根据后面的比较级drier和more可知，此处也应填wet的比较级形式。故填wetter。
36．句意：根据研究，未来一百年海平面将继续上升。根据时间状语in the next hundred years可知，此句应用一般将来时。故填will continue。
37．句意：因此，许多城市可能会被水覆盖，许多生产力最高的农业地区将失去。主语cities与动词cover之间为被动关系，因此应用被动语态；根据will可知，是一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为will be + 动词的过去分词。故填be covered。
38．句意：一些岛国很可能会在世界地图上消失。根据Some可知，应填country的复数形式countries。故填countries。
39．句意：但它们对某些人有帮助。上一句提到“These changes will bring great harm to the planet.”，本句中But
表示转折，因此此处表达的是有帮助，help应改成形容词helpful“有帮助的”。故填helpful。
40．句意：例如，随着北极变暖，格陵兰岛的一些人现在拥有自己的企业，并出售他们在土地上种植的蔬菜。分析句子结构可知，“they grow on their land”作定语修饰先行词vegetables；先行词是物，定语从句用that或which引导。故填that/which。
（2024·山东济南·一模）
阅读填空阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Spring has arrived. It is a perfect time for you to fly kites. You can benefit a lot from flying kites, which not only helps build up 41 (you) body, but gets you relaxed. Are you curious about who created kites It is believed that kites 42 (invent) by the famous philosopher Mozi 2,500 years ago, during the Spring and Autumn Period. He used wood to create a “flying bird” that flew in the sky 43 a whole day. Later, kites were used by the armies to measure distance, test the wind, and rescue people.
During the Tang Dynasty, kites were used more as 44 tool for fun. At first, only royal family (皇族的) 45 (member) could play with kites. Gradually, they became popular with common people, who flew them in important events and festivals. Every year in spring when Tomb-sweeping Day 46 (come), almost every household went out to fly the kite and had a picnic in sunny and windy days. It was a good time to display the kites 47 enjoy the warm weather and the fresh air.
Nowadays, flying kites 48 (become) a popular form of pleasure and competition at home and abroad. People like flying kites in local or international events 49 (show) their kite-making and kite-flying skills. The 50 (large) kite museum of the world is in the city of Weifang, known as “Kite Capital of the World”, and every year, kite fans all over the world come to watch and take part in the annual International Kite Festival.
【答案】
41．your 42．were invented 43．for 44．a 45．members 46．came 47．and 48．has become/becomes 49．to show 50．largest
【导语】本文介绍了放风筝的发展历史以及好处。
41．句意：放风筝不仅有助于锻炼你的身体，还能让你放松。修饰名词body用形容词性物主代词your。故填your。
42．句意：人们认为风筝是由著名哲学家墨子在2500年前的春秋时期发明的。主语kites和谓语invent之间是被动关系，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是名词复数，be动词用were。故填were invented。
43．句意：他用木头做了一只“飞鸟”，在天上飞了整整一天。根据“a whole day”可知此处用“for+时间段”结构。故填for。
44．句意：在唐朝，风筝更多地被作为娱乐工具使用。此处泛指“一种工具”，tool以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。
45．句意：起初，只有皇室成员才能玩风筝。根据“only royal family ...”可知此处表示皇室成员，用复数。故填members。
46．句意：每年春天清明节到来时，几乎每家每户都会出去放风筝，并在风和日丽的日子里野餐。根据“went out”可知句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填came。
47．句意：这是展示风筝和享受温暖天气及新鲜空气的好时机。前后是并列关系，用and连接。故填and。
48．句意：如今，放风筝在国内外已成为一种流行的娱乐和比赛形式。根据“Nowadays”可知此处用现在完成时或一般现在时均可，主语是动名词，现在完成时用has become，一般现在时用becomes。故填has become/becomes。
49．句意：人们喜欢在当地或国际活动中放风筝，以展示他们的风筝制作和放风筝的技能。此处用动词不定式表目的。故填to show。
50．句意：世界上最大的风筝博物馆位于被称为“世界风筝之都”的潍坊，每年，世界各地的风筝爱好者都来观看和参加一年一度的国际风筝节。根据“of the world”可知用形容词最高级，large的最高级largest。故填largest。
（2024·山东济南·一模）
阅读短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Jane grew up with her grandma. She loves her grandma very much. One day, Jane received some bad news. Her grandma 51 (have) a terrible type of cancer. This made Jane very sad.
Jane’s grandma once had a dream of travelling around the world. Jane wanted to help her realize it, 52 her grandma was very sick. One day, Jane had a great idea. If Grandma could not travel 53 (she), maybe there was another way.
The next day, Jane went online 54 (tell) people her grandma’s story. She posted pictures of her grandma on a blog. How she wished they could help her grandma see the world through pictures. 55 a few days, many people began to follow Jane’s blog. They began posting pictures of Grandma visiting places all over the world. They also sent their blessings and warm 56 (wish) with every picture.
Grandma was very 57 (surprise) when Jane showed her the pictures. In one of them, Grandma 58 (visit) the Pyramids in Egypt. In another, Grandma was standing by the Statue of Liberty in New York. In a 59 (three) picture, Grandma was on the Great Wall of China. She was even at the Sydney Opera House in Australia. In the last one, she was standing in front of Big Ben in England.
Grandma took Jane’s hand and said, “This is wonderful! Thank you and all of those people. You 60 (make) my dream come true.” Neither Jane nor her grandma would ever forget that day.
【答案】
51．had 52．but 53．herself 54．to tell 55．After 56．wishes 57．surprised 58．was visiting 59．third 60．have made
【导语】本文讲述了简为了帮助生病的奶奶实现梦想而做的事。
51．句意：她奶奶得了一种可怕的癌症。时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填had。
52．句意：简想帮她实现这一点，但是她的奶奶病得很重。前后表转折，but“但是”，故填but。
53．句意：如果奶奶不能自己旅行，也许还有其他方法。此处指奶奶病得很重，不能自己旅行，因此需用反身代词herself“她自己”。故填herself。
54．句意：第二天，简在网上告诉人们她奶奶的故事。此处需用不定式结构表目的，故填to tell。
55．句意：几天后，很多人开始关注简的博客。根据“many people began to follow Jane’s blog”可知是指几天后，after“在……之后”，故填After。
56．句意：他们还将祝福和温馨的祝愿与每一张照片一起送上。此空需用复数形式，表泛指。故填wishes。
57．句意：当简把照片给奶奶看时，奶奶非常惊讶。此处是形容奶奶非常惊讶，用surprised“吃惊的”，作表语。故填surprised。
58．句意：在其中一张照片中，奶奶在参观埃及的金字塔。结合“In another, Grandma was standing”可知需用过去进行时，主语是第三人称单数Grandma，即用was+动词现在分词形式，故填was visiting。
59．句意：在另一照片中，奶奶站在中国的长城上。此空是a+序数词表示“另一”，故填third。
60．句意：你们让我梦想成真。此处需用现在完成时，表示动作已结束，但是对此刻产生了影响，主语是you，结构为：have done。故填have made。
（2024·福建莆田·一模）
阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的单词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
In ancient China, buildings were never built with nails or screws (钉子和螺丝), but only with “sun” and “mao”. In general, the sun-mao structure can be considered 61 Chinese Legao. It is a method of 62 (connect) wood through concave-convex interlock (凹凸互锁). The concave part is 63 (call) the “sun” and the convex part the “mao”, and this is the main skill used in 64 (tradition) buildings.
Combining pieces of wood together using nothing more than the wood itself is 65 ancient skill in China. This enabled buildings to stand in China for thousands of years. It was first discovered over 7, 000 years ago and 66 (wide) used in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods, and reached 67 (it) top in the Ming and Qing dynasties. The 68 (great) advantage is it allows the wood to avoid damage. The whole structure, does not need a nail or a drop of glue on the wood, but it can still be firm for 69 (century) regardless of temperature and climate changes.
So the sun-mao structure shows not only the early Chinese beauty, but also the wisdom 70 creation of human beings passed down through generations of Chinese working people.
【答案】
61．as 62．connecting 63．called 64．traditional 65．an 66．widely 67．its 68．greatest 69．centuries 70．and
【导语】本文主要介绍中国木质古建筑常用榫卯结构。
61．句意：总的来说，榫卯构造可以认为是中国的乐高。be considered as“被认为是”，固定词组。故填as。
62．句意：它是一种通过凹凸互锁连接木材的方法。根据空前的“of”可知，此处应用所给词的动名词形式，作宾语。故填connecting。
63．句意：凹的部分被称为“榫”，凸的部分被称作“卯”，这是传统建筑中使用的主要技巧。根据句子结构可知，此处应用被动语态。故填called。
64．句意：凹的部分被称为“榫”，凸的部分被称作“卯”，这是传统建筑中使用的主要技巧。根据空后的“buildings”可知，此处应用形容词形式。故填traditional。
65．句意：在中国，仅靠木材本身就能将木片组合在一起是一项古老的技能。根据句意可知，此处表示泛指，空后的“ancient”是以元音音素开头的单词，所以此处应用an。故填an。
66．句意：它最早发现于7000多年前，在春秋战国时期被广泛使用，在明清时期达到顶峰。分析句子结构可知，此处应用所给词的副词形式，作状语。故填widely。
67．句意：它最早发现于7000多年前，在春秋战国时期被广泛使用，在明清时期达到顶峰。根据空后的“top”可知，此处应填形容词性物主代词its。故填its。
68．句意：最大的优点是可以避免木材受损。根据空前的“The”并结合句意可知，此处表示最高级的含义，应用最高级形式。故填greatest。
69．句意：整个结构不需要在木头上钉一颗钉子或用一滴胶水，但无论温度和气候变化如何，它仍然可以坚固几个世纪。空前无限定词，此处用名词复数。故填centuries。
70．句意：因此，榫卯结构不仅展示了早期中国的美丽，而且还展示了中国劳动人民代代相传的人类的智慧和创造。根据句意可知，此处表示并列关系。故填and。
（2024·浙江宁波·一模）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Leisure activities (业余活动) are very important now. They are the kinds of things people like to do to relax and enjoy 71 (they) when they are not working or going to school.
Leisure activities play an important part in people’s lives. In 72 past, there were few leisure activities. 73 (child) often got together to play hide-and-seek. Few people had chances to travel, so watching operas and listening to the radio were 74 (true) the main activities in their spare time.
Since the reform and opening up (改革开放), China 75 (develop) rapidly. Chinese people pay more attention 76 different kinds of leisure activities. Lots of people love both playing 77 watching team sports like basketball or football because they are 78 (interest) in them. Many people stay at home, having a rest, reading books and 79 (watch) TV.
In recent years, more and more people choose 80 (travel) during vacation. They go to visit some places of interest, and share their experiences on the Internet. What will be the next activity for people to pick
【答案】
71．themselves 72．the 73．Children 74．truly 75．has developed 76．to 77．and 78．interested 79．watching 80．to travel
【导语】本文主要介绍了娱乐活动现在越来越重要，对人们的生活产生了重要的影响。过去人们没有什么娱乐活动，自从改革开放以来中国飞速发展，现在人们有时间也有机会进行各种娱乐活动了。
71．句意：当人们不工作或不上学时，他们喜欢做这些事情来放松和享受。enjoy oneself表示“过得愉快”，主语是they，反身代词themselves。故填themselves。
72． 句意：过去，很少有娱乐活动。in the past“在过去”。故填the。
73．句意：孩子们经常聚在一起玩捉迷藏游戏。此处泛指“孩子们”用名词复数children。故填Children。
74．句意：很少有人有机会旅行，所以看歌剧和听广播确实是他们业余时间的主要活动。此处修饰动词用副词truly“真正地”。故填truly。
75．句意：改革开放以来，中国发展迅速。根据“Since...”可知句子用现在完成时，主语是China，助动词用has。故填has developed。
76．句意：中国人更注重各种各样的休闲活动。pay attention to“注意”。故填to。
77．句意：很多人喜欢打球和观看篮球或足球等团队运动，因为他们对它们感兴趣。both...and...“两者都”。故填and。
78．句意：很多人喜欢打球和观看篮球或足球等团队运动，因为他们对它们感兴趣。be interested in“对……感兴趣”。故填interested。
79．句意：许多人待在家里，休息、读书和看电视。and前后的动词形式一致，故此处用watching。故填watching。
80．句意：近年来，越来越多的人选择在假期旅行。choose to do sth.“选择做某事”。故填to travel。
（2024·湖南株洲·一模）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词 (有提示词的，填入所给单词的正确形式)。
Almost everyone knows the piano, but what do you know about it You may know it is becoming more and more popular around the world now. Playing 81 piano has even become part of some people’s daily life. Some schools have already offered piano lessons to students. The piano has 82 (bring) them much fun. But how much do you know about 83 (it) history
Piano has been around for many years, and it was invented 84 an Italian called Bartolomeo Cristofori, who was a crazy lover of keyboard instruments. He was once a maker of 85 (music) instruments. It’s said that the 86 (one) time when the piano was played in a public concert was in 1768. 87 the piano was brought to China, it was not cheap and only the rich could buy one. But now its price is much 88 (low) than before. More and more ordinary (普通的) 89 (customer) can buy one.
Today piano comes in many different styles and designs. What’s more, in our country it is 90 (list) as one of the optional (选修的) subjects. Many children begin to learn how to play it at an early age.
【答案】
81．the 82．brought 83．its 84．by 85．musical 86．first 87．When 88．lower 89．customers 90．listed
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了钢琴的发明历史以及现在它在世界上很受欢迎的现状。
81．句意：弹钢琴甚至已经成为一些人日常生活的一部分。play后接乐器名词时，乐器名词前需加定冠词the。故填the。
82．句意：钢琴给他们带来了很多乐趣。本句时态是现在完成时，表示动作已经完成。空格上填所给词的过去分词。故填brought。
83．句意：但是你对它的历史了解多少呢？根据空格后的名词“history”可知，空格所填词为it的形容词性物
主代词。故填its。
84．句意：钢琴已经存在很多年了，它是由一个叫Bartolomeo Cristofori的意大利人发明的，他是键盘乐器的狂热爱好者。本句为被动语态，空格后的“Bartolomeo Cristofori”为动作的执行者。故填by。
85．句意：他曾经是一个乐器制造者。根据空格后的名词“instruments”可知，空格所填词为形容词，music的形容词形式为musical。故填musical。
86．句意：据说钢琴第一次在公开的音乐会上演奏是在1768年。此处表示第一次，应用one的序数词。故填first。
87．句意：当钢琴被带到中国时，它并不便宜，只有富人才能买到。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少从属连词，引导时间状语从句，when“当……时候”符合语境。故填When。
88．句意：但是现在它的价格比以前低了很多。空格所填词说明句子主语的特点，作表语，填形容词。根据空格后的than可知，空格上填low的比较级。故填lower。
89．句意：越来越多的普通顾客可以买到。more and more+名词复数形式。故填customers。
90．句意：更重要的是，在我国它被列为选修科目之一。本题考查be listed as ...“被列为……”。故填listed。
（2024·贵州黔南·一模）
阅读下面短文，在各题空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Sergio De Ies, 50, is an Italian man. He was interested in Chinese culture when he was young and set his foot in China for the first time 91 1996. Now he has been living in Beijing for more than 17 years, and he sees Beijing as his 92 (two) hometown.
A group of village kids live near Sergio’s home 93 they all have a football dream. So Sergio set up a football club for 94 (they). “I want those kids to grow up while playing football,” Sergio says.
In the suburb (城郊) outside Beijing, Sergio’s team 95 (have) 136 kids. Their ages range from 6 to 12 and 30% of them are 96 (girl). “We have regular training every Sunday and 97 football competition every month. It’s a kind of the club’s routine,” says Sergio.
Sergio’s football team focuses on the 98 (person) development of village children. “There is only one rule for 99 (join) my team: parents have to take part in the training, too,” says Sergio.
This year’s March game was special. It was called The Little World Cup. For the first time it was 100 (organize) for the Chinese village children. A total of 67 people, including different parent-children pairs, joined in the game.
【答案】
91．in 92．second 93．because 94．them 95．has 96．girls 97．a 98．personal 99．joining 100．organized
【导语】本文主要介绍热爱足球的意大利人塞尔吉奥和他在中国北京城郊成立的足球队。
91．句意：他从小就对中国文化很感兴趣，1996年第一次踏上中国。“1996”是年份，用介词in，故填in。
92．句意：如今，他已经在北京生活了17年多，他把北京视为自己的第二故乡。此处作定语修饰“hometown”，用序数词second，故填second。
93．句意：塞尔吉奥家附近住着一群村里的孩子，因为他们都有一个足球梦。“they all have a football dream”是“A group of village kids live near Sergio’s home”的原因，用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。
94．句意：于是塞尔吉奥为他们成立了一个足球俱乐部。此处在介词后作宾语，用宾格，故填them。
95．句意：在北京郊区，塞尔吉奥的团队有136个孩子。本句时态是一般现在时，主语是“Sergio’s team”，动词用三单，故填has。
96．句意：他们的年龄从6岁到12岁不等，其中30%是女孩。根据“30% of them are...”可知，应使用名词复数形式，故填girls。
97．句意：我们每周日有常规训练，每个月有足球比赛。此处泛指足球比赛，“football”首字母发辅音音素，故填a。
98．句意：塞尔吉奥的足球队注重农村儿童的个人发展。此处作定语修饰“development”，用形容词personal“个人的”，故填personal。
99．句意：加入我的团队只有一条规则：父母也必须参加培训。for是介词，其后用动名词作宾语，故填joining。
100．句意：这是第一次为中国农村的孩子们组织的。本句主语是动作的承受者，与“was”一起构成被动语态，动词用过去分词形式。故填organized。
（2024·江苏徐州·一模）
阅读短文，在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词，或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
Weiqi is a game which can best show the deep culture of China. It is also 101 (call) Go in the world. About four 102 (thousand) years ago, the Emperor Yao created the game to make his son, Dan Zhu, much 103 (clever). Dan Zhu was turned into a learned general (将军) finally. Yao educated his son 104 (success) by teaching him to play Weiqi, and thus the game has passed down 105 today.
Weiqi is a game attracting many people. As we know that the player shouldn’t care about the gains or losses. 106 , he should look for chances to attack his enemy and protect 107 (he) at the right time. Only when the player thinks deeply can he win in the end.
For centuries, Weiqi has been a good way 108 (train) one’s mind. 109 is said that people who enjoy playing Weiqi can have “five gains”—friends, harmony, education, 110 (wise) and longevity (长寿). That is to say, Weiqi can help them to make friends and get along well with others, and teach them how to understand the laws of life.
【答案】
101．called 102．thousand 103．cleverer 104．successfully 105．till/until 106．Instead 107．himself 108．to train 109．It 110．wisdom
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了围棋的历史和影响。
101．句意：它在世界上也叫做“Go”。此处是一般现在时的被动语态，表示“被叫做”，call的过去分词是called。故填called。
102．句意：大约四千年前，尧王创立了这个游戏去使他的儿子丹朱更加聪明。thousand“千”，当有数词修饰时，thousand不变形。故填thousand。
103．句意：大约四千年前，尧王创立了这个游戏去使他的儿子丹朱更加聪明。much修饰比较级，clever“聪明的”，比较级是cleverer。故填cleverer。
104．句意：尧通过教他下围棋成功地教育他的儿子，游戏就这样传承到今天。此处修饰动词educated，副词修饰动词，successfully“成功地”。故填successfully。
105．句意：尧通过教他下围棋成功地教育他的儿子，游戏就这样传承到今天。根据“today”可知，此处表示传承到了今天，until/till“直到”。故填till/until。
106．句意：正如我们所知，棋手不应该在意输赢，反而，他应该寻找机会去袭击敌人，在正确的时机保护他自己。根据“the player shouldn’t care about”和“he should look for...”可知，此处表示转折，instead“相反”，句首首字母大写。故填Instead。
107．句意：正如我们所知，棋手不应该在意输赢，反而，他应该寻找机会去袭击敌人，在正确的时机保护他自己。此处表示“保护他自己”，此处用反身代词，himself“他自己”。故填himself。
108．句意：几个世纪以来，围棋一直是很好的方式去训练人的心智。a good way to do sth.“做某事的好的方式”，train“训练”。故填to train。
109．句意：据说喜欢围棋的人们能有五个收获——朋友、和谐、教育、聪慧和长寿。It is said that“据说”，是固定搭配。故填It。
110．句意：据说喜欢围棋的人们能有五个收获——朋友、和谐、教育、智慧和长寿。wise“聪慧的”，是形容词，根据“friends, harmony, education...”可知，此处用名词，wisdom“智慧”。故填wisdom。
（2024·浙江宁波·一模）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
What can a nearly 80-year-old man do in your opinion In August 2023, Miguel, 111 79-year-old man started his dream to get a high school diploma (文凭)，which he had to give up as a secondary school student in New York.
When his parents separated in his teens, Miguel 112 (choose) to start working to support his family by his father. Later, he found a job and stayed there 113 about 20 years.
Miguel said he would depend on his wife for certain things, 114 he always knew that he could not go further without that high school diploma. So, when he moved to Arizona 115 his wife passed away, he found The Excel Center that is aimed at improving people’s lives by giving any adult over the age of 18 the chance to finish any unfinished high school education for free.
“For these adults, the chance to get their high school diplomas affords them a 116 (good) life than they had before. In many ways, it is not only for 117 (they) but also for their children,” said Sue Sackman, the
school director.
For Miguel, he paid more attention to more new 118 (way) to solve some maths problems. He planned to spend the next several months 119 (get) the education needed for his own place. “The education will 120 (final) decide what my future will be, because I will have all this knowledge,” he said. “I’ve got my whole future in front of me.”
【答案】
111．a 112．was chosen 113．for 114．but 115．after 116．better 117．themselves 118．ways 119．getting 120．finally
【导语】本文主要介绍一个年近80的老人开始了他获得高中文凭的梦想。
111．句意：2023年8月，79岁的米格尔开始了他获得高中文凭的梦想，他在纽约读中学时不得不放弃这个梦想。此处表示泛指，79以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。
112．句意：当他的父母在他十几岁的时候分居时，米格尔被他的父亲选中开始工作来养家糊口。choose“选择”，和主语之间是被动关系，结合“separated”可知，应用一般过去时的被动语态结构，主语是单数，be动词用was，故填was chosen。
113．句意：后来，他找到了一份工作，在那里待了大约20年。空后是时间段，应用介词for。故填for。
114．句意：米格尔说，在某些事情上，他会依赖妻子，但他一直都知道，没有高中文凭，他走不了更远。前后句是转折关系，应用but连接。故填but。
115．句意：因此，当他在妻子去世后搬到亚利桑那州时，他发现了旨在改善人们生活的Excel中心，该中心为任何18岁以上的成年人提供免费完成未完成高中教育的机会。根据“when he moved to Arizona...his wife passed away,”可知，他在妻子去世后搬到亚利桑那州，应用after连接。故填after。
116．句意：对于这些成年人来说，获得高中文凭的机会为他们提供了比以前更好的生活。根据“than ”可知，应用比较级，故填better。
117．句意：在很多方面，这不仅是为了他们自己，也是为了他们的孩子。根据“but also for their children”可知，获得高中文凭不仅仅是为了自己，应用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。
118．句意：对于米格尔来说，他更多地关注解决一些数学问题的新方法。根据“more”可知，名词用复数。故填ways。
119．句意：他计划在接下来的几个月里为自己的职位接受必要的教育。spend time doing sth“花时间做某事”，是固定短语，故填getting。
120．句意：教育将最终决定我的未来，因为我将拥有所有这些知识。final是形容词，空处是作状语，应用副词。故填finally。
（2024·贵州铜仁·一模）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A festival is a celebration. Festivals are popular around the world 121 many reasons. They are fun and can be a good chance for families and friends to spend time together. The Lantern Festival is just like any of them.
The Lantern Festival (also known as Yuanxiao Festival) started about 2000 years ago in China. The festival falls on the 15th day of the first lunar month of the Chinese New Year. As 122 result, the exact date of the festival is different every year.
Many stories are told about how this festival began. Here is one of 123 (they). In ancient China, there lived a palace maid (女仆) named Yuanxiao. The king kept her 124 (work) day and night and didn’t allow her to go back home so she missed her family very much. Yuanxiao had a friend called Dongfang Shuo, an officer 125 was trusted by the king. Yuanxiao asked Shuo for help because she thought he was the only one who could help her. Shuo really wanted to help Yuanxiao and came up with a clever idea. He told the king that the God of Fire was angry with the country and decided 126 (punish) the people on the 15th day of the first month of the lunar year. Hearing this, the king was 127 (worry) and he had difficulty eating and sleeping. And then, Yuanxiao told the king that because the god liked to watch fire shows and hear the loud sounds, they would please him by setting off firecrackers and hanging red lanterns. The king had no other 128 (choose), and he agreed. When the day came, Yuanxiao 129 (lead) all the people to set off firecrackers and the lanterns shone brightly like big fires. She also helped make delicious dumplings for the god to eat.
130 (luck), the plan worked in the end and the king announced that Yuanxiao could go home and see her family and friends. Since then, the Lantern Festival has become a time for families and friends to get together.
【答案】
121．for 122．a 123．them 124．working 125．that/who 126．to punish 127．worried 128．choice 129．led 130．Luckily
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国的传统节日——元宵节的由来。
121．句意：节日在世界各地很受欢迎有很多原因。根据“Festivals are popular around the world...many reasons”可知，节日因为很多原因在世界各地受欢迎，“因为”for。故填for。
122．句意：因此，每年节日的确切日期都不一样。as a result“因此，结果”。故填a。
123．句意：这里是其中一个。they“它们”。根据“Here is one of”可知，此处应用人称代词宾格形式，them“它们”。故填them。
124．句意：国王让她日夜工作，不允许她回家，所以她非常想念她的家人。work“工作”。根据“kept”可知，keep sb. doing sth.“让某人一直做某事”。故填working。
125．句意：元宵有个朋友叫东方朔，是国王信任的官员。根据“an officer...was trusted by the king”可知，空格处引导定语从句，从句缺主语，先行词为人，故可用that或who。故填that/who。
126．句意：他告诉国王，火神对这个国家很生气，决定在农历正月十五惩罚人民。punish“惩罚”。根据“decided”可知，decide to do sth.“决定做某事”。故填to punish。
127．句意：国王听了很担心，寝食难安。worry“担心”。根据“Hearing this, the king was...and he had difficulty eating and sleeping”可知，空格处应用形容词，“担心的”worried。故填worried。
128．句意：国王别无选择，只好同意了。choose“选择”。根据“The king had no other”可知，have no other
choice“别无选择”。故填choice。
129．句意：当这一天到来的时候，元宵带领所有的人放鞭炮，灯笼像大火一样明亮地发光。lead“带领”。根据“When the day came”可知，句子应用一般过去时。lead的过去式为led。故填led。
130．句意：幸运的是，这个计划最终奏效了，国王宣布元宵可以回家看望她的家人和朋友。luck“运气”。根据“the plan worked in the end and the king announced that Yuanxiao could go home and see her family and friends”可知，这个计划最终奏效了，国王宣布元宵可以回家看望她的家人和朋友，这件事情是很幸运的，修饰整个句子，应用副词，luckily“幸运地”。故填Luckily。
（2024·湖南株洲·一模）
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Some shared piano rooms in Shenzhen are very popular. People can book a shared piano room through the WeChat mini-program called “琴小站”. The rooms are available 24 hours a day. There is a piano, 131 air conditioner and a few pieces of art hanging on the walls.
Many people want to play the piano in the rooms. 132 , it’s not easy for people to book a room, especially on weekends.
Ms. Cheng was very glad when she 133 (book) a room successfully. She often played the piano when she was young. But now she can hardly find the time to play because 134 her busy work. With the help of the shared piano rooms, she now visits the rooms 135 (two) a week and practices playing the piano there.
Cheng thought these piano rooms were very 136 (use). “The piano is free to use. If children want 137 (learn) to play the piano, they can have a try in the room first. After all, the price of a piano is really high for many 138 (family).” she said.
The foreign musician Angelo Castagneto also accepted the idea. “ 139 (play) the piano in the room helps me relax after a day’s work.” he said. Music plays an 140 (importance) part in our life. These piano rooms make people’s culture lift rich and colorful.
【答案】
131．an 132．However 133．booked 134．of 135．twice 136．useful 137．to learn 138．families 139．Playing 140．important
【导语】本文主要介绍了共享钢琴作为一种新的音乐潮流，可以通过微信小程序预订，全天24小时可用，得到了大家的好评。
131．句意：这里有一台钢琴，空调和几幅画在墙上面。此处泛指“空调”，air是以元音音素开头的单词，故填an。
132．句意：许多人想要在房间里弹钢琴。 然而，人们想要预定房间不是很简单。结合句意可知，这里前后意思形成了转折且用逗号隔开了，所以用“however然而”符合语境。该空位于句首，首字母大写。故填However。
133．句意：当她成功地预定了房间的时候，程女士非常地开心。根据上文“Ms. Cheng was very glad”可知，这件事情发生在过去，要使用一般过去时。故填booked。
134．句意：但是因为她忙碌的工作，她现在几乎找不到时间弹琴。分析句子结构可知，空后面跟的是名词短语，because of后跟短语，故填of。
135．句意：有了这个共享钢琴，她会每周去那儿两次并且在那儿弹琴。结合句意可知，这里表示的是弹琴的频率是一周两次，“twice两次”符合语境，故填twice。
136．句意：程认为这些钢琴室非常有用。分析句子结构可知，be动词后面跟形容词，构成系表结构。故填useful。
137．句意：如果孩子们想要弹钢琴，他们可以先在屋子里试一试。want to do sth.“想要做某事”，故填to learn。
138．句意：对很多家庭来说，买钢琴真的很贵。many后面跟可数名词的复数，故填families。
139．句意：在屋子里弹钢琴能帮助我在一天紧张工作之后放松自己。分析句子结构可知，动词居首，且后面已经有谓语动词，所以要填非谓语动词，用动名词作主语，故填Playing。
140．句意：音乐天赋在我们的生活中非常重要。分析句子结构可知，形容词important放在名词part前作定语。故填important。
（2024·广东深圳·一模）
阅读下面短文，在空格中填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给词语的正确形式填空。
Once there was a man who had four sons. The sons never stopped quarreling 141 one another. He was always telling them how much easier life would be if they worked together, but they 142 (take) absolutely no notice of him. One day he decided 143 (show) them what he meant. He called all the sons together and put a tightly tied bundle (捆) of sticks on the floor in front of them.
“Can you break that ” he asked the 144 (young) son. The boy put his knee on the bundle but though he pressed and pulled with 145 (he) arms he could not bend the wood. The father asked each son in turn to try to break the bundle, but none of them could do it.
Then he untied 146 string and scattered (打散) the sticks.
“Now try,” he said. The boys broke the sticks in their 147 (hand) easily.
“Do you see 148 I mean ” asked the father, “if you stand together, you can not 149 (hurt) by anyone. If you all disagree the whole time and insist (坚持) on going your ways 150 (separate), the first enemy you meet will be able to destroy you.” United we stand, divided we fall.
【答案】
141．with 142．took 143．to show 144．youngest 145．his 146．the 147．hands 148．what 149．be hurt 150．separately
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位父亲用一捆棍子不会被轻易折断而一根棍子轻易会被折断这一事例告诉他的四个儿子什么是团结，即合则存，分则败。
141．句意：儿子们之间的争吵从未停止过。根据“quarreling...one another”可知，quarrel with sb.“与某人争吵”。故填with。
142．句意：他总是告诉他们，如果他们一起工作，生活会轻松得多，但他们完全不理会他。根据“was”可知，句子为一般过去时，故此处应用过去式，take的过去式为took。故填took。
143．句意：有一天，他决定让他们明白他的意思。根据“decided”可知，decide to do sth.“决定做某事”。故填to show。
144．句意：“你能折断这个吗？ ”他问最小的儿子。根据“he asked the...son”可知，此处表示“最小的儿子”，应用最高级youngest。故填youngest。
145．句意：男孩把膝盖放在那捆棍子上，但尽管他用胳膊又压又拉，他还是不能把棍子弄弯。根据“arms”可知，空格处应用形容词性物主代词，his“他的”。故填his。
146．句意：然后他解开绳子，把棍子打散了。根据“He called all the sons together and put a tightly tied bundle (捆) of sticks on the floor in front of them”和“Then he untied...string”可知，是解开了绳子，表特指，应用the修饰。故填the。
147．句意：男孩们轻而易举地折断了手中的棍子。根据“in their”可知，此处应用名词的复数形式，hand“手”，其复数为hands。故填hands。
148．句意：你们明白我的意思吗？根据“Do you see...I mean”可知，空格处引导宾语从句，从句缺宾语，表示“话”，应用what。故填what。
149．句意：如果你们站在一起，就不会受到任何人的伤害。根据“you can not...by anyone”可知，“you”和“hurt”为被动关系，由于此处有情态动词can，故表被动应用be hurt。故填be hurt。
150．句意：如果你们一直不同意，并坚持各自走自己的路，你遇到的第一个敌人将能够摧毁你。根据“If you all disagree the whole time and insist (坚持) on going your ways”可知，空格处修饰going your ways，应用副词。故填separately。
（2024·湖南长沙·一模）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Teachers are often considered as engineers of the humans. But there’s one person in China 151 is called the “teacher of teachers”.
Born in Anhui province, China, in 1891, Tao studied educational philosophy (哲学) under the guidance of John Dewey, 152 American philosopher and educator at Columbia University, US, in 1914. But when Tao returned to China in 1917 and began his own career as an educator, he did not copy Dewey’s education methods 153 (blind). He adapted (调整) them to improve China’s education system.
After doing surveys in Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai in 1921, Tao was 154 (surprise) to learn that the rate of illiteracy (文盲) in China went beyond 70 percent. 155 (solve) the problem, Tao organized young workers and farmers to study while working. To deal 156 the shortage of teachers and money, in 1927, Tao set up Xiaozhuang Normal College to train teachers and educators, most of whom became teachers at schools in the countryside. In January 1934, he started the “Little Teacher” program in which young students 157
(encourage) to serve as teachers to others, even to those older than themselves.
Under Tao’s guidance, there were over 18,000 “little teachers” in Shanghai within 10 months. Later, there were 28 provinces and cities 158 (take) part in this nationwide education event. Even in the fight against the Japanese invaders (侵略者), Tao never forgot 159 (he) goal. He started Yucai Middle School in Chongqing and offered free education to 160 (child) in need.
Maybe Tao’s saying is the best explanation for his life, “Giving a whole heart, yet taking nothing in return, not even a leaf of grass.”
【答案】
151．who/that 152．an 153．blindly 154．surprised 155．To solve 156．with 157．were encouraged 158．taking 159．his 160．children
【导语】本文主要介绍了近代著名教育学家陶行知先生。
151．句意：但在中国有一个人被称为“老师中的老师”。分析句子，可知此句是定语从句，先行词person指人，关系词在从句中作主语，空处应填who或者that。故填who/that。
152．句意：陶于1891年出生于中国安徽省，1914年在美国哥伦比亚大学师从美国哲学家、教育家约翰·杜威学习教育哲学。分析句子，可知句中“philosopher and educator”指同一个人，且American是以元音音素开头的单词，空处应填不定冠词an。故填an。
153．句意：但是，当陶1917年回到中国，开始自己的教育事业时，他并没有盲目地照搬杜威的教育方法。根据句中动词“copy”，可知空处应填副词修饰动词，blind的副词形式是blindly“盲目地”。故填blindly。
154．句意：1921年在北京、天津和上海做了调查后，陶惊讶地发现中国的文盲率超过了70%。根据空前“was”和空后“to”，结合句意，可知此处是短语be surprised to do意为“惊讶于做某事”。故填surprised。
155．句意：为了解决这个问题，他组织青年工人和农民边工作边学习。分析句子，可知此处是不定式作目的状语，表示“为了解决”，句首首字母大写。故填To solve。
156．句意：为了处理教师短缺和资金短缺的问题，陶于1927年创办了晓庄师范学院，培养教师和教育工作者，其中大多数人成为农村学校的教师。根据空前“deal”和空后“the shortage of teachers and money”，结合句意，可知此处是短语deal with意为“处理”。故填with。
157．句意：1934年1月，他开始了“小老师”计划，鼓励年轻的学生担任其他人的老师，甚至是比他们年长的老师。分析句子，可知句中“young students”和动词encourage为被动关系，应用被动语态be+done；时态为一般过去时，从句主语是young students，be动词应用were，encourage的过去分词是encouraged。故填were encouraged。
158．句意：后来，有28个省市参加了这一全国性的教育活动。分析句子，根据“there were”，可知此句是there be句型，主语“28 provinces and cities”与空处是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用doing形式。故填taking。
159．句意：即使在对抗日本侵略者时，陶也从未忘记他的目标。根据空后“goal”，是名词，可知空处应填he对应的形容词性物主代词his。故填his。
160．句意：他在重庆创办了育才中学，为有需要的孩子提供免费教育。分析句子，可知空处应填名词的复数形式，泛指同一类事物（人），child的复数形式是children。故填children。
（2024·山东济南·一模）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
With its special beauty, Harbin has become more and more popular on social media. Among these wonderful sights are a group of eleven 161 (love) children from Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. They bravely started an educational trip 162 Harbin, immediately winning the hearts of online communities.
Wearing bright orange clothes, they are known as “Little Oranges”. This nickname 163 (stand) for their cute orange clothing and the famous oranges production in Guangxi. Each day, their interesting trip is watched by thousands of people. Wherever they go, they are warmly welcomed by the 164 (local). In Harbin, they tasted the delicious local food and watched a firework show in the Ice and Snow World. At the northernmost police station of China, they 165 (sing) the national anthem (国歌) with the soldiers, marking an important part of their educational trip.
A parent of one of the children expressed thanks for the support and attention by friends from Northeast China. The use of orange coats worn by the children 166 (choose) mainly for safety reasons. Such action of care have 167 (true) provided the parents with peace of mind.
This activity provides children with a life experience which makes them 168 (strong) and more confident. During the trip, they may need 169 (face) many problems such as language problems and transportation difficulties. Getting over these problems by 170 (they) can make them more independent and face the future life better.
【答案】
161．lovely 162．to 163．stands 164．locals 165．sang 166．was chosen 167．truly 168．stronger 169．to face 170．themselves
【导语】本文主要讲述了来自广西南宁的11名孩子到哈尔滨进行教育之旅的事件。
161．句意：在这些美妙的景象中，有一群来自广西壮族自治区南宁市的11个可爱的孩子。根据横线后“children from Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region”，结合所给词可知，love“爱”，动词，此处需要填入lovely，形容词，作定语，修饰限定名词children，意为“可爱的”符合语境。故填lovely。
162．句意：他们勇敢地开始了去哈尔滨的教育之旅，立即赢得了网络社区的心。根据“They bravely started an educational trip…Harbin, immediately winning the hearts of online communities.”可知，此处应该填入介词to，意为“朝，到……(某地)”符合语境。故填to。
163．句意：这个昵称代表他们可爱的橙色服装和广西著名的橙子生产。根据前文语境可知，此处时态是一般现在时，又由分析句子，结合所给词可知，此处主语是This nickname，所以谓语动词要用单数形式，stand的单数形式是stands，作谓语，stand for“代表”，动词短语。故填stands。
164．句意：无论他们走到哪里，都受到当地人的热烈欢迎。根据“they are warmly welcomed by the…”，结合所给词可知，local“当地人”，可数名词，结合句意可知，此处要用复数形式，local的复数形式是locals。故填locals。
165．句意：在中国最北端的警察局，他们与士兵们一起唱国歌，这是他们教育之旅的重要组成部分。根据
前文“In Harbin, they tasted the delicious local food and watched a firework show in the Ice and Snow World”可知，此处时态为一般过去时，结合分析句子和所给词可知，此处应该填入sang，sing的过去式，作谓语，意为“唱歌”符合语境。故填sang。
166．句意：选择孩子们穿橙色外套主要是出于安全考虑。根据分析句子，结合所给词可知，主语The use of orange coats和谓语choose是被动关系，结合“The use of orange coats worn by the children…”可知，时态为一般过去时，所以此处考查一般过去时的被动语态，结构为：was+过去分词，choose的过去分词是chosen。故填was chosen。
167．句意：这样的关怀行动确实让父母安心。根据“Such action of care have…provided the parents with peace of mind.”，结合所给词可知，true“正确的”，形容词，此处应该填入truly，副词，作状语，修饰谓语动词have provided。故填truly。
168．句意：这项活动为孩子们提供了一种生活体验，使他们更加坚强和自信。根据横线后“and more confident”，结合所给词可知，此处考查形容词比较级，strong的比较级是stronger。故填stronger。
169．句意：在旅途中，他们可能需要面对许多问题，如语言问题和交通困难。根据“they may need…”，结合所给词可知，此处考查need to do sth“需要做某事”。故填to face。
170．句意：自己克服这些问题可以使他们更加独立，更好地面对未来的生活。根据“Getting over these problems by…”，结合所给词可知，此处考查by oneself“独自，某人自己”，固定搭配，此处应该填入themselves，意为“他们自己”。故填themselves。
（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）
阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Diego was looking at the old guitar on the wall of his house. The guitar had 171 old story. Diego’s grandfather, Miguel, played it everywhere he went. His playing was so good that people came to listen whenever he played it.
Diego knew this story well. He wanted to be 172 his grandfather. So, he started to learn to play the guitar when he was little. After 173 (grow) up, he had his own band. So, his grandfather gave him the guitar as a gift.
Diego’s grandfather saw how some 174 (music) smashed (打碎) their guitars on the stage (舞台) during big rock shows. He didn’t like this. He thought people should take care of 175 (they) guitars. “Promise me you’ll never do this to our guitar,” he said to Diego. “Of course,” said Diego.
Diego was now a big rockstar. Once he 176 (bring) this guitar on the stage and played amazing songs with it. While all the members of his family 177 (watch) his show, they felt very happy. At the end of the show, Diego got so 178 (excite) that he lifted the guitar in the air. When everyone thought that he was going to smash it on the stage, he 179 (slow) took a bow.
He always remembered what his grandfather told him, “ 180 you really love rock, love your guitar. It is your companion (伙伴), not just a thing.” Diego kept his word. He showed his love for rock music.
【答案】
171．an 172．like 173．growing 174．musicians 175．their 176．brought 177．were watching 178．excited 179．slowly 180．If
【导语】本文讲述了迭戈的祖父告诉他吉他是伙伴，而不只是一个东西，不要在舞台上砸吉他。
171．句意：吉他有一个古老的故事。根据“old story”可知，此处表示泛指，且old以元音音素开头，不定冠词用an。故填an。
172．句意：他想像他的祖父一样。根据“He wanted to be ... his grandfather.”可知，他想成为像他祖父那样的人，like“像”，符合语境。故填like。
173．句意：长大后，他有了自己的乐队。after为介词，后接动名词作宾语。故填growing。
174．句意：迭戈的祖父看到一些音乐家在大型摇滚演出时如何在舞台上砸碎他们的吉他。根据“smashed (打碎) their guitars on the stage (舞台)”可知，此处指音乐家打碎他们的吉他；musician“音乐家”，名词，some后接名词复数。故填musicians。
175．句意：他认为人们应该爱护他们的吉他。修饰名词guitars应用they的形容词性物主代词their“他们的”。故填their。
176．句意：有一次，他把这把吉他带到舞台上，用它演奏出了令人惊叹的歌曲。根据“played”可知，时态为一般过去时，动词bring应用过去式brought。故填brought。
177．句意：当他所有的家庭成员都在看他的节目时，他们感到非常高兴。根据While可知，时态应用过去进行时，结构为was/were doing；主语“all the members of his family”为复数，应用were。故填were watching。
178．句意：演出结束时，迭戈激动得把吉他举到空中。此处是形容迭戈的感受，应用-ed结尾的形容词；excited“激动的”，符合语境。故填excited。
179．句意：当所有人都以为他要在舞台上把它砸碎时，他慢慢地鞠了一躬。修饰动词took应用slow的副词slowly“慢慢地”。故填slowly。
180．句意：如果你真的喜欢摇滚，那就爱你的吉他。分析句子可知，“you really love rock”是“love your guitar”的条件，故应用if引导条件状语从句，句首首字母大写。故填If。
（2024·山东济南·一模）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I’m Wang Jun. Every morning, I run by the seaside near 181 (I) home. I always see a young man there. He walks on the beach and 182 (look) for something. This morning, I stopped running and 183 (walk) to him. “Hello! I see you here every morning. What are you doing ” I asked.
“I’m 184 (take) away the stones on the turtles (海龟). There are always some baby turtles under the stones. The stones can stop them from going to the sea, 185 I come to help these turtles every morning,” he replied.
“It’s really kind of you. But do you think you can make a difference After all, you can’t help all baby turtles under the stones,” I said.
He smiled and said, “When I see them 186 (get) out of trouble, I feel so happy. It’s my own way of
making a difference.” Then he took away a stone beside him. A baby turtle went towards the sea 187 (quick). He looked at the turtle and went on, “At least it’s 188 (meaning) to this turtle.”
I thought about his words in 189 (silent). It’s true that we can’t change the whole world at once. But we can help one person, one animal, or one thing at a time. If everyone can do something good, it 190 (make) a big diff2024年中考英语三轮抢分冲刺：语法填空
语法填空题一共有10个空,其中有6~7个空考查实词,括号内有给出相关的词,另外的3~4个空为考查虚词,不给出相关的词。此题型主要考查学生对语法和词法知识的掌握和运用。要注意不同词性的构词法,学会分析空格里的词在句子中的成分也很重要。其考查形式分为给出提示词和不给出提示词两种：
1.给出提示词的考查内容包括：词性转换（如名词、动词、形容词与副词等的词性转换）；名词单、复数变化；形容词和副词的比较等级变化；动词的时态、语态以及非谓语动词等。
2.不给出提示词的考查内容包括：根据上下文语境填入冠词、副词、连词、代词及介词等。
中考语法填空题的解题步骤：
1.若是短文语法填空，就读首段首句，预猜文章大意；（若猜不出文章大意，就快速浏览全文）；如果是单句，直接进第二步。
2.边读边认边填 ；（看要填的空有无提示词，有，是哪些词？用以上的方法去套用）
（1）考点分布一般比较均匀，除动词外，考点一般不重复。
【分配：名词 + 动词*2 + 形容词 + 副词 + 冠词 + 介词 + 连词 + 连接词 + 代词】
（2）有提示词均需要变形，且变形方向是固定的。因此想不出答案时可以根据考点依次带入排除。（比如3-4个无提示词的填空已经填入了冠词、介词、连词，则剩下的大概率是三大从句的连接词或者疑问词）
3.重读以检查核对。
名词考点：
名词的形式变化主要有可数名词单数复数、名词所有格、词性转变、固定搭配。
名词单复数（依据：横线前有表示复数的词如a few，lots of，these，those，或者数量词等，或者there be句型中be动词为复数are或were形式）
名词所有格（依据：横线后又是名词且提示词的名词对后面的名词不形成修饰关系，而形成从属关系）
名词词性变化（依据：根据前后文词性判断名词是否要变化成相应的形容词、副词、动词等）
动词【两大方向：谓语动词与非谓语动词】：
时态 + 语态
（依据1：前后文的时态和形式，或者时间状语；
依据2：特殊句型；
依据3：前后文的被动关系）
非谓语动词的三种形式 [doing,，done，to do]（根据固定的搭配形式来改变动词形式，如want to do就要把do变to do，finish doing就要把do变doing）
【注意】实义动词与实义动词是不可能以两个动词原形的形式直接衔接在一起的，后面一个一定会变形。
比如实义动词want，play，practice在一起，可以形成want play（错），want to play（对），practice to play（错），practice playing（对）
因此，当做到动词题的时候一定要往前一个词看，找是否有实义动词，如果有，则横线上填写的动词肯定是非谓语动词的三种形式之一。【…动词 ______(动词)】
如果横线与前一个动词之间还夹着别的成分，那需要按着语法来判断。【…动词 + 代词/名词 + ______(动词)】
【用to do的其他形式】
1、后置定语（动词不定式在句中作定语时一般都要放在所修饰名词或代词的后面）
如： 1、a chance to do sth 做某事的一个机会 2、the way to do sth 做某事的办法
3、the best time to do sth 做某事的最佳时间 4、something to eat 一些吃的东西
5、something to drink 一些喝的东西 6、a lot of work to do 许多要做的工作
7、get / have a chance to do sth. 得到一个做某事的机会
2、It’s+形容词（adj.）+for(of) +sb +to do sth对某人来说做某事怎么样
【分析】形容词（adj.）修饰文中的事情既to do sth时，人前的介词用for ； 但是如果形容词（adj.）修饰
文中的人既sb时，人前面的介词用of.
①It’s hard for me to learn English well.（句子 hard 是修饰动词不定式to learn English well，意为学好英语难，所以用的介词是for sb.）
②It’s kind of you to help me.（句中kind“善良的”修饰you(人) 意为你善良，所以介词用of sb.）
3、It takes sb. some time/money to do sth. 花费某人多长时间做某事（常考）
4、It’s time for sb. to do sth. 是某人做某事的时候了
形容词与副词考点：
形容词比较级与最高级（依据1：比较级看句子中是否有than，最高级看形容词前面是否有the或后面有没有in/of+范围的形式。依据2：横线前有even，much、a little/bit等后面需要用比较级的词）
固定句型（常见的为比较级的相关句型：the more…the more…，more and more。表示建议的句型：had better do sth。表示状态的句型：主语+ be + adj + to do）
形容词副词化（依据：提示词为形容词，空格后有谓语动词或者形容词；或者空格位于句首，用逗号隔开）
动词的ing与ed形式（依据：横线前有be动词或是后面有名词，则用ing形式；横线前有人称代词或人名，则用ed形式）
否定变化（如happy变成unhappy）】
注意：形容词是修饰名词的，而副词是修饰动词、形容词与副词本身的。
代词考点：
宾格（横线在谓语动词后面）
形容词性物主代词（横线后面有名词）
名词性物主代词（横线后面没有名词，前面有of或者前面有be动词等动词）
反身代词（横线前有和括号里同一类的且做主语成分的代词，此时把括号内的代词改为反身代词）
不定代词（一般以some/ever/any + thing为主，其次是others，another）
数量词考点：
基数词变序数词（横线前一般有the）
基数词变次数（一般只考once，twice）
单位词变复数（主要是百-hundred，千-thousand，百万-million，十亿-billion的用法）
注意： 300名学生——three hundred students（此时hundred后无s）
成百上千名学生——hundreds of students（hundred后有了of则要加s）
成百上千名学生——hundreds upon hundreds of students
介词考点：
单一介词（即介词表示某种具体的含义，如方向或时间，能够根据上下文含义推理出来）
动词、形容词、介词词组中的固定搭配，例如：come/be from，fall in love with……
注意：介词的判断依据除了看有没有词组，还可以依靠横线后的词性，因为介词后面只能接名词性质的词，所以后面要么是名词和代词，要么是动词ing形式。
He suggested me going there 37 foot because it was not far.
连词考点：
根据词性判断（空格两边词性或结构一致，大概率是并列连词；一个长句被逗号或横线隔开，左右两边结构完整，有可能是从属连词构成的复合句）
根据逻辑判断（并列连词都是有很强的逻辑性的，可以根据上下文的意思来判断）
第一看横线前后的词性结构是否一致，如It makes us smart and healthy。此时smart和healthy就属于词性结构一致。
第二看横线前后是否有完整的主谓（宾）结构，如I don't like her because she smokes too much。 左边主谓宾完整，右边主谓完整。
最后看逻辑关系，如果满足第一或第二，只需要把平常常考的连词代入去想就可以了。
【连词总结】and（常与both组合出现），or（常与either组合出现），but（常与also组合出现，形成not only…but also…），nor（常与neither组合出现），because，so等
注意：however是副词，常用作连词使用，出现的形式是单独在句首，用逗号与后文隔开：however，后句。也可能是放在中间，左右都用逗号隔开：前句，however，后句
冠词考点：
冠词分类：定冠词（the），不定冠词（a/an），零冠词（一般不考）
[空格后面一定有名词，或是被形容词修饰的名词。所以做题一定要注意往横线后面一直看，看有没有名词出现。]
定冠词与不定冠词的区分：the用于特指，第二次出现，形容词最高级。a/an用于泛指，第一次出现，固定搭配。[根据元音音素来判断用a还是an，【特殊例子特殊记】an + hour / honor / honesty；a + useful / university]
3、固定词组与搭配：take a walk，have a fever中的a就是固定的，by the way中the也是固定搭配
句子引导词、关系词等【常考的：that / whether / if/which/who与各类疑问词等】
根据句子的结构和成分分析是考查定语从句、状语从句还是宾语从句来判定。
词性转换：
根据句子确定词性，再根据构词法知识进行词形式变化。
（2024·贵州毕节·一模）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Usually schools and teachers set standards for students. But a school in Wuhan had a new try recently.
This year, the rules of Class 12, Senior 1 in Wuhan No. 6 High School have been made by the students 1 (they).
During the 2 (one) day of this school year, the teacher allowed his students to make their own rules. Each student 3 (ask) to make some rules. Then the 4 (rule) were discussed by the whole class. The rule-making activity lasted about a month. 5 (final), the class had 30 rules.
Most rules are about the way students should behave. And there are also some for teachers. “No lessons should overrun” is one example. Students will be punished for 6 (break) the rules. For example, 7 a student is late for class above a certain number of times, he or she will lose the chance to be 8 honor student. If a student is caught to use a cell phone during a class, the phone will be kept by the teacher until 9 (graduate).
Students say the rules work well in the classroom. “We’re the people 10 made the rules, so we have to follow them,” said a student.
（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）
阅读语篇，根据内容填写所缺单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空，使语篇意思完整。每空限填一词。
When I became a middle school student, I decided to take Russian at school. I was so excited and really expected to learn it well. 11 , the Russian class seemed to be quite boring. Each day, Mr. Black, 12 teacher, would ask us to open our books and read aloud the Russian forms of words. This was the way he taught us every day. That was until one afternoon, when once again we were asked to open our books, and I 13 (decision) to speak up. When Mr. Black asked what was wrong, I explained why I found his class boring, how I had expected more, and that his teaching method seemed out of date.
When I finished speaking, I expected Mr. Black to 14 (angry) send me to the head teacher.
15 my surprise, he sat at his desk quietly, 16 (look) disappointed and tired. After a moment of 17 (silent), Mr. Black spoke. He quietly said that he would think carefully about what I had said. And that was it. In the following weeks, the Russian class didn’t become the exciting learning environment I had hoped for, but
Mr. Black did try harder to interest 18 (our) in his classes.
Maybe some people would agree with what I did, but so many years 19 (late), I still feel bad about it. If I saw him now, I would tell him how much I 20 (regret) what I’d done that day in class. I would also tell him that he taught me a wonderful lesson that day. Following my unkind words, Mr. Black showed me that being hurt doesn’t mean you have to give away your pride, and that no one can take it away from you. Take unkind words kindly.
（2024·黑龙江大庆·一模）
When you learn English, listening, speaking and writing are important, but reading can also be very helpful. Here 21 (be) some good reading advice.
Try to read at the right level (水平). Read something that you can understand. If you need 22 (stop) every three words to use a dictionary, it is not interesting.
Try to increase (v.增加) the number of your new words. If there are four or five new words on a page, write them down in your notebook. But you don’t have to write them when you read. Instead, try to guess 23 (they) meanings as you read: mark them 24 a pen. Then when you finish 25 (read), look them 56. 26 in a dictionary and write them down in your 27 (owner) vocabulary (词汇) notebook. Then try to remember them.
Try to read regularly (定期的). For example, read for a short time once a day. Fifteen minutes every day is 28 (good) than two hours every Sunday. Fix a time to read and keep reading.
Read what interests you. Choose a book or a magazine about a subject that you like, because you are going to spend time and money reading it. So choose 29 interesting book. You can also read newspapers. There are many English newspapers in China. It is 30 (easily) enough to understand them and also there is something interesting in them.
（2024·吉林长春·一模）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Scientists believe the Earth is 4. 6 billion years old. 31 , the mountains, hills, rivers, deserts and forests we see today are much younger than that. For example, Mount Qomolangma is about 60 million years old. 32 youngest sea in the world is the Baltic Sea, at about 15,000 years old.
The Earth is always changing because 33 volcanoes (火山), earthquakes and of course, wind and rain. Some of these changes are very slow and others are quick. Water and ice can make very great changes to the planet. Many volcanoes are under the oceans and sometimes they become new islands. This is happening in the South Pacific, near Tonga.
34 is normal for our planet to change, but at the moment, scientists think it’s changing faster than usual. Some deserts are growing and many forests are getting smaller. The weather is getting 35 (wet) in some places and drier in others, and there are more big storms. According to the research, the sea level 36 (continue) to rise in the next hundred years. As a result, many cities will possibly 37 (cover) by water and much of the most productive farming areas will be lost. Some island 38 (country) are likely to disappear on the map of the world.
These changes will bring great harm to the planet. But they can be 39 (help) to some people. For example, as the Arctic is getting warmer, some people in Greenland now own businesses and sell vegetables 40 they grow on their land. That wasn’t possible in the far north 50 years ago. Farmers in Greenland like the warm weather and hope it will continue.
（2024·山东济南·一模）
阅读填空阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Spring has arrived. It is a perfect time for you to fly kites. You can benefit a lot from flying kites, which not only helps build up 41 (you) body, but gets you relaxed. Are you curious about who created kites It is believed that kites 42 (invent) by the famous philosopher Mozi 2,500 years ago, during the Spring and Autumn Period. He used wood to create a “flying bird” that flew in the sky 43 a whole day. Later, kites were used by the armies to measure distance, test the wind, and rescue people.
During the Tang Dynasty, kites were used more as 44 tool for fun. At first, only royal family (皇族的) 45 (member) could play with kites. Gradually, they became popular with common people, who flew them in important events and festivals. Every year in spring when Tomb-sweeping Day 46 (come), almost every household went out to fly the kite and had a picnic in sunny and windy days. It was a good time to display the kites 47 enjoy the warm weather and the fresh air.
Nowadays, flying kites 48 (become) a popular form of pleasure and competition at home and abroad. People like flying kites in local or international events 49 (show) their kite-making and kite-flying skills. The 50 (large) kite museum of the world is in the city of Weifang, known as “Kite Capital of the World”, and every year, kite fans all over the world come to watch and take part in the annual International Kite Festival.
（2024·山东济南·一模）
阅读短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Jane grew up with her grandma. She loves her grandma very much. One day, Jane received some bad news. Her grandma 51 (have) a terrible type of cancer. This made Jane very sad.
Jane’s grandma once had a dream of travelling around the world. Jane wanted to help her realize it, 52 her grandma was very sick. One day, Jane had a great idea. If Grandma could not travel 53 (she), maybe there was another way.
The next day, Jane went online 54 (tell) people her grandma’s story. She posted pictures of her grandma on a blog. How she wished they could help her grandma see the world through pictures. 55 a few days, many people began to follow Jane’s blog. They began posting pictures of Grandma visiting places all over the world. They also sent their blessings and warm 56 (wish) with every picture.
Grandma was very 57 (surprise) when Jane showed her the pictures. In one of them, Grandma 58 (visit) the Pyramids in Egypt. In another, Grandma was standing by the Statue of Liberty in New York. In a 59 (three) picture, Grandma was on the Great Wall of China. She was even at the Sydney Opera House in Australia. In the last one, she was standing in front of Big Ben in England.
Grandma took Jane’s hand and said, “This is wonderful! Thank you and all of those people. You 60
(make) my dream come true.” Neither Jane nor her grandma would ever forget that day.
（2024·福建莆田·一模）
阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的单词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
In ancient China, buildings were never built with nails or screws (钉子和螺丝), but only with “sun” and “mao”. In general, the sun-mao structure can be considered 61 Chinese Legao. It is a method of 62 (connect) wood through concave-convex interlock (凹凸互锁). The concave part is 63 (call) the “sun” and the convex part the “mao”, and this is the main skill used in 64 (tradition) buildings.
Combining pieces of wood together using nothing more than the wood itself is 65 ancient skill in China. This enabled buildings to stand in China for thousands of years. It was first discovered over 7, 000 years ago and 66 (wide) used in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods, and reached 67 (it) top in the Ming and Qing dynasties. The 68 (great) advantage is it allows the wood to avoid damage. The whole structure, does not need a nail or a drop of glue on the wood, but it can still be firm for 69 (century) regardless of temperature and climate changes.
So the sun-mao structure shows not only the early Chinese beauty, but also the wisdom 70 creation of human beings passed down through generations of Chinese working people.
（2024·浙江宁波·一模）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Leisure activities (业余活动) are very important now. They are the kinds of things people like to do to relax and enjoy 71 (they) when they are not working or going to school.
Leisure activities play an important part in people’s lives. In 72 past, there were few leisure activities. 73 (child) often got together to play hide-and-seek. Few people had chances to travel, so watching operas and listening to the radio were 74 (true) the main activities in their spare time.
Since the reform and opening up (改革开放), China 75 (develop) rapidly. Chinese people pay more attention 76 different kinds of leisure activities. Lots of people love both playing 77 watching team sports like basketball or football because they are 78 (interest) in them. Many people stay at home, having a rest, reading books and 79 (watch) TV.
In recent years, more and more people choose 80 (travel) during vacation. They go to visit some places of interest, and share their experiences on the Internet. What will be the next activity for people to pick
（2024·湖南株洲·一模）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词 (有提示词的，填入所给单词的正确形式)。
Almost everyone knows the piano, but what do you know about it You may know it is becoming more and more popular around the world now. Playing 81 piano has even become part of some people’s daily life. Some schools have already offered piano lessons to students. The piano has 82 (bring) them much fun. But how much do you know about 83 (it) history
Piano has been around for many years, and it was invented 84 an Italian called Bartolomeo Cristofori, who was a crazy lover of keyboard instruments. He was once a maker of 85 (music)
instruments. It’s said that the 86 (one) time when the piano was played in a public concert was in 1768. 87 the piano was brought to China, it was not cheap and only the rich could buy one. But now its price is much 88 (low) than before. More and more ordinary (普通的) 89 (customer) can buy one.
Today piano comes in many different styles and designs. What’s more, in our country it is 90 (list) as one of the optional (选修的) subjects. Many children begin to learn how to play it at an early age.
（2024·贵州黔南·一模）
阅读下面短文，在各题空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Sergio De Ies, 50, is an Italian man. He was interested in Chinese culture when he was young and set his foot in China for the first time 91 1996. Now he has been living in Beijing for more than 17 years, and he sees Beijing as his 92 (two) hometown.
A group of village kids live near Sergio’s home 93 they all have a football dream. So Sergio set up a football club for 94 (they). “I want those kids to grow up while playing football,” Sergio says.
In the suburb (城郊) outside Beijing, Sergio’s team 95 (have) 136 kids. Their ages range from 6 to 12 and 30% of them are 96 (girl). “We have regular training every Sunday and 97 football competition every month. It’s a kind of the club’s routine,” says Sergio.
Sergio’s football team focuses on the 98 (person) development of village children. “There is only one rule for 99 (join) my team: parents have to take part in the training, too,” says Sergio.
This year’s March game was special. It was called The Little World Cup. For the first time it was 100 (organize) for the Chinese village children. A total of 67 people, including different parent-children pairs, joined in the game.
（2024·江苏徐州·一模）
阅读短文，在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词，或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
Weiqi is a game which can best show the deep culture of China. It is also 101 (call) Go in the world. About four 102 (thousand) years ago, the Emperor Yao created the game to make his son, Dan Zhu, much 103 (clever). Dan Zhu was turned into a learned general (将军) finally. Yao educated his son 104 (success) by teaching him to play Weiqi, and thus the game has passed down 105 today.
Weiqi is a game attracting many people. As we know that the player shouldn’t care about the gains or losses. 106 , he should look for chances to attack his enemy and protect 107 (he) at the right time. Only when the player thinks deeply can he win in the end.
For centuries, Weiqi has been a good way 108 (train) one’s mind. 109 is said that people who enjoy playing Weiqi can have “five gains”—friends, harmony, education, 110 (wise) and longevity (长寿). That is to say, Weiqi can help them to make friends and get along well with others, and teach them how to understand the laws of life.
（2024·浙江宁波·一模）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
What can a nearly 80-year-old man do in your opinion In August 2023, Miguel, 111 79-year-old man started his dream to get a high school diploma (文凭)，which he had to give up as a secondary school student in New York.
When his parents separated in his teens, Miguel 112 (choose) to start working to support his family by his father. Later, he found a job and stayed there 113 about 20 years.
Miguel said he would depend on his wife for certain things, 114 he always knew that he could not go further without that high school diploma. So, when he moved to Arizona 115 his wife passed away, he found The Excel Center that is aimed at improving people’s lives by giving any adult over the age of 18 the chance to finish any unfinished high school education for free.
“For these adults, the chance to get their high school diplomas affords them a 116 (good) life than they had before. In many ways, it is not only for 117 (they) but also for their children,” said Sue Sackman, the school director.
For Miguel, he paid more attention to more new 118 (way) to solve some maths problems. He planned to spend the next several months 119 (get) the education needed for his own place. “The education will 120 (final) decide what my future will be, because I will have all this knowledge,” he said. “I’ve got my whole future in front of me.”
（2024·贵州铜仁·一模）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A festival is a celebration. Festivals are popular around the world 121 many reasons. They are fun and can be a good chance for families and friends to spend time together. The Lantern Festival is just like any of them.
The Lantern Festival (also known as Yuanxiao Festival) started about 2000 years ago in China. The festival falls on the 15th day of the first lunar month of the Chinese New Year. As 122 result, the exact date of the festival is different every year.
Many stories are told about how this festival began. Here is one of 123 (they). In ancient China, there lived a palace maid (女仆) named Yuanxiao. The king kept her 124 (work) day and night and didn’t allow her to go back home so she missed her family very much. Yuanxiao had a friend called Dongfang Shuo, an officer 125 was trusted by the king. Yuanxiao asked Shuo for help because she thought he was the only one who could help her. Shuo really wanted to help Yuanxiao and came up with a clever idea. He told the king that the God of Fire was angry with the country and decided 126 (punish) the people on the 15th day of the first month of the lunar year. Hearing this, the king was 127 (worry) and he had difficulty eating and sleeping. And then, Yuanxiao told the king that because the god liked to watch fire shows and hear the loud sounds, they would please him by setting off firecrackers and hanging red lanterns. The king had no other 128 (choose), and he agreed. When the day came, Yuanxiao 129 (lead) all the people to set off firecrackers and the lanterns shone brightly like big fires. She also helped make delicious dumplings for the god to
eat.
130 (luck), the plan worked in the end and the king announced that Yuanxiao could go home and see her family and friends. Since then, the Lantern Festival has become a time for families and friends to get together.
（2024·湖南株洲·一模）
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Some shared piano rooms in Shenzhen are very popular. People can book a shared piano room through the WeChat mini-program called “琴小站”. The rooms are available 24 hours a day. There is a piano, 131 air conditioner and a few pieces of art hanging on the walls.
Many people want to play the piano in the rooms. 132 , it’s not easy for people to book a room, especially on weekends.
Ms. Cheng was very glad when she 133 (book) a room successfully. She often played the piano when she was young. But now she can hardly find the time to play because 134 her busy work. With the help of the shared piano rooms, she now visits the rooms 135 (two) a week and practices playing the piano there.
Cheng thought these piano rooms were very 136 (use). “The piano is free to use. If children want 137 (learn) to play the piano, they can have a try in the room first. After all, the price of a piano is really high for many 138 (family).” she said.
The foreign musician Angelo Castagneto also accepted the idea. “ 139 (play) the piano in the room helps me relax after a day’s work.” he said. Music plays an 140 (importance) part in our life. These piano rooms make people’s culture lift rich and colorful.
（2024·广东深圳·一模）
阅读下面短文，在空格中填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给词语的正确形式填空。
Once there was a man who had four sons. The sons never stopped quarreling 141 one another. He was always telling them how much easier life would be if they worked together, but they 142 (take) absolutely no notice of him. One day he decided 143 (show) them what he meant. He called all the sons together and put a tightly tied bundle (捆) of sticks on the floor in front of them.
“Can you break that ” he asked the 144 (young) son. The boy put his knee on the bundle but though he pressed and pulled with 145 (he) arms he could not bend the wood. The father asked each son in turn to try to break the bundle, but none of them could do it.
Then he untied 146 string and scattered (打散) the sticks.
“Now try,” he said. The boys broke the sticks in their 147 (hand) easily.
“Do you see 148 I mean ” asked the father, “if you stand together, you can not 149 (hurt) by anyone. If you all disagree the whole time and insist (坚持) on going your ways 150 (separate), the first enemy you meet will be able to destroy you.” United we stand, divided we fall.
（2024·湖南长沙·一模）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Teachers are often considered as engineers of the humans. But there’s one person in China 151 is called the “teacher of teachers”.
Born in Anhui province, China, in 1891, Tao studied educational philosophy (哲学) under the guidance of John Dewey, 152 American philosopher and educator at Columbia University, US, in 1914. But when Tao returned to China in 1917 and began his own career as an educator, he did not copy Dewey’s education methods 153 (blind). He adapted (调整) them to improve China’s education system.
After doing surveys in Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai in 1921, Tao was 154 (surprise) to learn that the rate of illiteracy (文盲) in China went beyond 70 percent. 155 (solve) the problem, Tao organized young workers and farmers to study while working. To deal 156 the shortage of teachers and money, in 1927, Tao set up Xiaozhuang Normal College to train teachers and educators, most of whom became teachers at schools in the countryside. In January 1934, he started the “Little Teacher” program in which young students 157 (encourage) to serve as teachers to others, even to those older than themselves.
Under Tao’s guidance, there were over 18,000 “little teachers” in Shanghai within 10 months. Later, there were 28 provinces and cities 158 (take) part in this nationwide education event. Even in the fight against the Japanese invaders (侵略者), Tao never forgot 159 (he) goal. He started Yucai Middle School in Chongqing and offered free education to 160 (child) in need.
Maybe Tao’s saying is the best explanation for his life, “Giving a whole heart, yet taking nothing in return, not even a leaf of grass.”
（2024·山东济南·一模）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
With its special beauty, Harbin has become more and more popular on social media. Among these wonderful sights are a group of eleven 161 (love) children from Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. They bravely started an educational trip 162 Harbin, immediately winning the hearts of online communities.
Wearing bright orange clothes, they are known as “Little Oranges”. This nickname 163 (stand) for their cute orange clothing and the famous oranges production in Guangxi. Each day, their interesting trip is watched by thousands of people. Wherever they go, they are warmly welcomed by the 164 (local). In Harbin, they tasted the delicious local food and watched a firework show in the Ice and Snow World. At the northernmost police station of China, they 165 (sing) the national anthem (国歌) with the soldiers, marking an important part of their educational trip.
A parent of one of the children expressed thanks for the support and attention by friends from Northeast China. The use of orange coats worn by the children 166 (choose) mainly for safety reasons. Such action of care have 167 (true) provided the parents with peace of mind.
This activity provides children with a life experience which makes them 168 (strong) and more confident. During the trip, they may need 169 (face) many problems such as language problems and transportation difficulties. Getting over these problems by 170 (they) can make them more independent and face the future life better.
（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）
阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Diego was looking at the old guitar on the wall of his house. The guitar had 171 old story. Diego’s grandfather, Miguel, played it everywhere he went. His playing was so good that people came to listen whenever he played it.
Diego knew this story well. He wanted to be 172 his grandfather. So, he started to learn to play the guitar when he was little. After 173 (grow) up, he had his own band. So, his grandfather gave him the guitar as a gift.
Diego’s grandfather saw how some 174 (music) smashed (打碎) their guitars on the stage (舞台) during big rock shows. He didn’t like this. He thought people should take care of 175 (they) guitars. “Promise me you’ll never do this to our guitar,” he said to Diego. “Of course,” said Diego.
Diego was now a big rockstar. Once he 176 (bring) this guitar on the stage and played amazing songs with it. While all the members of his family 177 (watch) his show, they felt very happy. At the end of the show, Diego got so 178 (excite) that he lifted the guitar in the air. When everyone thought that he was going to smash it on the stage, he 179 (slow) took a bow.
He always remembered what his grandfather told him, “ 180 you really love rock, love your guitar. It is your companion (伙伴), not just a thing.” Diego kept his word. He showed his love for rock music.
（2024·山东济南·一模）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I’m Wang Jun. Every morning, I run by the seaside near 181 (I) home. I always see a young man there. He walks on the beach and 182 (look) for something. This morning, I stopped running and 183 (walk) to him. “Hello! I see you here every morning. What are you doing ” I asked.
“I’m 184 (take) away the stones on the turtles (海龟). There are always some baby turtles under the stones. The stones can stop them from going to the sea, 185 I come to help these turtles every morning,” he replied.
“It’s really kind of you. But do you think you can make a difference After all, you can’t help all baby turtles under the stones,” I said.
He smiled and said, “When I see them 186 (get) out of trouble, I feel so happy. It’s my own way of making a difference.” Then he took away a stone beside him. A baby turtle went towards the sea 187 (quick). He looked at the turtle and went on, “At least it’s 188 (meaning) to this turtle.”
I thought about his words in 189 (silent). It’s true that we can’t change the whole world at once. But we can help one person, one animal, or one thing at a time. If everyone can do something good, it 190 (make) a big difference.
（2024·四川广元·二模）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。
Manners are very important in our daily life. There are many different habits and customs among different countries. Here are the 191 (thing) that a person with good education should do.
When you visit a Chinese family, you should knock 192 the door first. Don’t move before the host says “Come in, please.” It is 193 (polite) to take a seat before the host offers you. When a cup of tea 194 (send) to your hand, you should say “Thank you.” and receive it with two hands. Before 195 (enter) a house in Japan, it is a good manner to take off your shoes. In England, if a visitor 196 (eat) all the food, the host will be pleased with that.
If 197 Englishman says “Come at any time.” you shouldn’t start fixing a date at once. 198 in India, “come at any time” means “I want you to visit me.” If you don’t suggest a time at once, the Indian will think you are refusing the 199 (invite).
Although there are many differences between cultures, there’s one that is accepted 200 (wide) in the world — smile.
（2024·四川广元·二模）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。
Students learn their lessons in class. Every student 201 (sit) in the classroom and listens to the teacher. This is a way of learning. It’s very 202 (help), but is this the only way for students to learn Of course not. There is another way to learn. Students can teach 203 (them). For example, if you forget something when you are doing your homework, you can read books 204 (find) the answers. Everyone can do this 205 it is not a difficult thing.
How to teach yourself First, you should read. Read something you are interested 206 . As a saying goes “Interest is the best teacher.” 207 (Two), you can ask yourself questions. The questions should be about those 208 (thing) you don’t understand or you want to know. You can write down the questions. A clever student is 209 (usual) good at asking questions. Third, you should try to answer the questions by thinking hard and reading books. If you keep teaching yourself for 210 long time, you are sure to improve your study.
（2024·山东济南·一模）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。
Pottery (陶器) may be the oldest artwork of human beings. As far back as more than 8,000 years ago, people in China first made pottery by mixing clay with water 211 baking it until it held 212 (it) shape. Ancient people used pottery to create all kinds of objects 213 (improve) the quality of life.
As time passed, the technique became more and more perfect. Different kinds of pottery appeared in different 214 (time) and regions. For example, during the Tang Dynasty people made pottery by 215 (add) different metallic oxide (金属氧化物) and baking it at a low temperature. The pottery would appear to be light yellow, reddish brown and light green. Since it 216 (prefer) by many foreigners, the tricolored glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty (唐三彩) had been transported all over 217 world.
Purple clay pottery was very popular for the next hundreds of years. As early as the Song Dynasty, people found that purple clay teapots looked 218 (beautiful) than those of other materials. 219 the Ming and Qing Dynasties, people who liked drinking tea 220 (believe) that tea in the purple clay pot smelled better and could keep the nice taste.
（2024·湖南永州·一模）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词(有提示词的，填入所给单词的正确形式)。
May Day was created to call on people to pay attention to the importance of labor (劳动). This year, our school organized 221 special activity for us on May Day.
About a week before May Day, our teacher told us that we would visit the sanitation workers (环卫工人) and experience 222 (they) daily job. After a heated discussion, we decided to help them do some cleaning and prepare some shows to bring them 223 (warm).
The day finally came. We arrived 224 the Sanitation Station on time. After a short talk, we decided to follow the workers to do some cleaning first. It was a little bit hot that day, 225 none of the workers made a complaint (抱怨) or stopped to have a rest. We were 226 (deep) moved by them. There are no good or bad jobs, and anyone who works hard should be respected.
After finishing work, we got back to the station and 227 (lay) out tools carefully. Then we presented our shows on the square. Maybe our shows were not excellent, but I could feel that our shows were 228 (spread) them happiness at that moment.
It’s really a 229 (wonder) and unforgettable May Day for me. From that experience, I learned the meaning of labor and something different. I realized that these workers shouldn’t just be 230 (stranger) on the streets. They are the people we should look up to.
（2024·吉林长春·一模）
阅读短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或者括号内单词的正确形式。
Twenty years ago, Linda was a young mother with two little children depending 231 her. She worked for eight hours a day as a house 232 (clean). Washing clothes and doing the cleaning caused her fingers to split (裂开) in the cold and dry air. Before 233 (go) to work, she needed to bandage her fingers. The heavy burden (负担) made her 234 (worry) and tired.
Linda still remembered that unforgettable day. When she was working for her host, she 235 (break) an expensive glass by accident. To her surprise, the host didn’t blame (责备) her. Instead, seeing her tired face and the fingers with bandages, the host let her go home 236 (have) a rest. The weather was cold, but Linda could feel the warmth from her host’s kindness.
Linda went back home tiredly but thankfully. When she opened the door, her son ran up to her 237 (quick) and shouted, “Mom!” He put his little arms around her neck. Linda lifted 238 (he) up and her heart was filled with love. 239 she was checking her painful fingers, her daughter came to her and passed her 240 medicine. Linda could see care in her daughter’s eyes.
Linda realized love and care from the people around the woman is the thing that keeps her going and she believes things will get better.
（2024·山东淄博·一模）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
At a middle school in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, an exciting event took place on January 30th. The students weighed a pig!
The yearly event 241 (start) since 2017. Teachers and students work together to use science to weigh pigs. In the past, they used 242 (way) like levers (杠杆法) and Archimedes’principle (阿基米德定律). This time, students used Magdeburg hemispheres (马德堡半球) 243 (do) it.
However, the pig was much bigger than it was last year, so it 244 (be) much harder for students to get it to the test area.
“As the pig was about to go into the cage (笼子), it 245 (sudden) lay down and didn’t move at all,” Liu Nian, 13, told us. Finally, the pig was pushed into the cage by 246 (he) and his classmates.
After trying 247 few times and finding the average (平均数), the students found that the black pig weighed 165.3 kilograms. This was very close to the pig’s known 248 (weigh) of 154.5kg.
“We use 249 we learn in textbooks to work out real problems. This makes science even 250 (much) exciting.” Hu Yulin, 14, told Teens.
