Ⅰ.匹配词义
A．单词匹配
( )1.comic A．n.国界，边界；尖端，边缘
( )2.frontier B．n.a series of events or an event
( )3.click C．n.点击，单击；咔哒声
vi.& vt.使发出咔哒声；点击，单击
( )4.military D．n.连环漫画；喜剧演员
adj.滑稽的；喜剧的
( )5.affair E．adj.relating to the armed forces of a country
( )6.extent F．n.computer programs
( )7.software G．adv.不知怎么地；以某种方式(或方法)
( )8.guideline H．vt.展示，显出；揭示，透露
( )9.somehow I．n.the distance or area or volume of something
( )10.reveal J．n.advice about how to do something
[答案] 1－5 DACEB 6－10 IFJGH
B．短语匹配
( )1.take off A．使显示在计算机屏幕上，
调出；提出
( )2.bring up B．最重要的是，尤其是
( )3.at one's fingertips C．突然大受欢迎，迅速流行
( )4.above all else D．掌握(信息)，熟悉、精通(知识等)，
了如指掌
( )5.shoot past E．减少，削减
( )6.set up F．全神贯注，沉浸于
( )7.be glued to sth. G．飞驰而过
( )8.cut back on H．创建，建立
( )9.knock sb.off one's feet I．全神贯注看着某物，离某物很近
( )10.be lost in J．撞倒某人，使某人双脚
离地
[答案] 1－5 CADBG 6－10 HIEJF
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．billion num. 十亿
2．goods n. 商品，货品；私人财产
3．cash n. 现金；金钱，资金
4．comment n. 议论，评论；批评，指责
vi.& vt.表达意见
5．surf vt.& vi. (互联网上)冲浪，浏览；进行冲浪运动
6．download vt. 下载
7．mobile adj. 非固定的，可移动的； 行动方便的；流动的
n.手机
8．aware adj. 知道，意识到；察觉到，发觉；
有……意识的
9．addict n. 对……入迷的人；瘾君子
10．wide ranging adj. 覆盖面广的，内容广泛的
Ⅰ.语境填空
upload；percentage；pot；device；quit；extent；deliver；button；request；site
1．Click on the back button to go back to the previous screen.
2．All you need to do is upload the files on to your web space.
3．Is there any more tea in the pot
4．He has decided to quit as manager of the team.
5．What percentage of the population is overweight
6．A powerful device exploded outside the station.
7．She was exaggerating the true extent of the problem.
8．I'll deliver myself of an opinion at the meeting.
9．They are going to build on the site of the old power station.
10．He was there at the request of his manager.
Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词
1．These documents are not accessible(access) to the public.
2．This treatment is not available in the majority(major) of hospitals.
3．I got a delivery(deliver) of fresh eggs this morning.
4．The speaker announced the establishment(establish) of a new college.
5．Her voice is instantly(instant) recognized.
6．It is important that students develop an awareness(aware) of how the Internet can be used.
7．They obviously(obvious) appreciate you very much.
8．The entertainment(entertain)was provided by a folk band.
9．She helped him fight his drug addiction(addict).
10．She shows little appreciation(appreciate)of good music.
1．The Internet has the power to connect people across the world to a single shared community.
互联网能够将世界各地的人们连接到一个共享的 社区。
2．To a certain extent，the world's knowledge is all at our fingertips.
在某种程度上，我们能随时了解全世界的知识。
3．It is now simple and fast to order one with a taxi app.Sit back and relax indoors for a few warm minutes until the driver arrives.
现在，在打车软件上叫一辆出租车很简单。然后舒服地坐在室内放松几分钟，直到司机到来。
4．With all sorts of communication software，physical distance no longer gets in the way.
有了各种通信软件，现实距离已不再是阻碍了。
5．Only in this way can the Internet be a place of discovery，wonder and inspiration for everyone.
只有这样，互联网才可以成为一个让每个人有所发现、获得惊奇和灵感的地方。
课文助读
①a world without frontiers一个没有边界的世界
②billions of people数十亿人
③with access to the Internet接入互联网
④to a certain extent在某种程度上
⑤with the click of a mouse or the touch of a button点击一下鼠标或按一下按钮
⑥from military affairs to learning resources从军事事务到学习资源
⑦bring up millions of results找到数百万条的结果
⑧the majority of people大多数人
⑨all sorts of goods and services各种商品和服务
⑩electronic commerce电子商务
have food delivered to you让人将食物送到你身边
using food delivery apps and sites使用送餐应用程序和网站
sit back 舒舒服服地坐好
forgot to carry cash忘带现金
above all else最重要的是，尤其是
establish and maintain social ties建立和保持社会关系
all sorts of communication software各种通信软件
an instant message一条即时消息
a comment on an update一条更新的评论
be aware of these problems意识到这些问题
原文呈现
The Internet：a world without frontiers①
The Internet has the power to connect people across the world to a single shared community.Billions of people② in different parts of the world have joined it already，and obviously many more will follow.Even in the countryside，the Internet enables people to reach beyond their villages and get in touch with the outside world.We can achieve almost anything online—with access to the Internet③ come some truly life changing advantages.
One of the greatest advantages of the Internet lies in the quick and easy access to a huge amount of information.To a certain extent④，the world's knowledge is all at our fingertips.With the click of a mouse or the touch of a button⑤，it is possible to find out almost anything we care to know，from recipes to travel packages，from military affairs to learning resources⑥.In the time it takes to find one book in the library，we can use a search engine to bring up millions of results⑦.No wonder the Internet has now become the first place that the majority of people⑧ turn to for information. [1]
[1]No wonder...是It is no wonder 的省略形式，表示“难怪……；……不足为奇”。
The Internet has also made our lives unbelievably convenient，with all sorts of goods and services⑨ provided by electronic commerce⑩，more commonly known as e commerce.You can have food delivered to you using food delivery apps and sites .[2] Gone are the days of searching shop after shop for the perfect pair of boots—you can compare styles and prices quickly and easily in the comfort of your living room. [3] Why wait hopelessly for a taxi in the cold rain？It is now simple and fast to order one with a taxi app.Sit back and relax indoors for a few warm minutes until the driver arrives.When you wish to go on holiday，you can make all your travel arrangements just in front of the computer.Forgot to carry cash ？There is no need to worry—you can pay for almost everything on your smartphone. [4]
[2] have food delivered 运用了“have sth.done”结构，表示“使/让某事被做”。
[3] 句中Gone are the days...使用了倒装结构，表示“……的日子一去不复返了”。
[4] There is no need to do...表示“没有必要做某事”。
Above all else ，the Internet helps us establish and maintain social ties .With all sorts of communication software ，physical distance no longer gets in the way.No matter where we are，we are able to keep in contact with loved ones，find long lost friends and discover whole new communities who share our hobbies. [5]An instant message ，a group chat，a video call，a comment on an update ―there are endless ways to share our views or let someone know we care about them.
[5] No matter where we are 为让步状语从句，表示“无论我们在何处……”。
However，while the Internet brings many valuable advantages，being connected has its problems.[6] As with any great invention，we must be aware of these problems and be careful to use the Internet properly and responsibly.Only in this way can the Internet be a place of discovery，wonder and inspiration for everyone. [7]It is truly a world without frontiers.
[6] 此处while引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然，尽管”。
[7] 此句中Only in this way can...为部分倒装句。
译文参考
互联网：一个没有边界的世界
互联网能够将世界各地的人们连接到一个共享的社区。世界各地的数十亿人已经加入，而且显而易见，会有更多的人加入。即使是在农村，互联网也能让人们接触到乡村之外的世界，与外界取得联系。在网上我们几乎什么都能做到，接入互联网带来了一些实实在在改变我们生活的好处。
互联网的最大优点之一是可以方便快捷地获取大量信息。在某种程度上，我们能随时了解全世界的知识。我们只要点击一下鼠标或按一下按钮，我们几乎可以查明我们想知道的任何事情，从食谱到旅行包，从军事事务到学习资源。在图书馆找一本书所花的时间里，我们可以用搜索引擎找到数百万条的结果。难怪互联网现在已经成为大多数人查找信息的首选途径。
互联网也给我们的生活带来了难以想象的便利，更通常地被称为e commerce的电子商务提供了各种商品和服务。你可以使用送餐应用程序和网站让人将食物送到你身边。一家店一家店寻找那双最合适的靴子的日子一去不复返了。你们可以舒舒服服地待在客厅里轻松快捷地比较款式和价格。为什么在寒冷的雨中绝望地等出租车？现在，在打车软件上叫一辆出租车很简单。然后舒服地坐在室内放松几分钟，直到司机到来。当你想去度假时，你可以在电脑前就做好所有的旅行安排。忘了带现金？没有必要担心——你可以用智能手机支付几乎所有的费用。
最重要的是，互联网帮助我们建立和保持社会关系。有了各种通信软件，现实距离已不再是阻碍了。无论我们在哪里，我们都能与所爱的人保持联系，找到久违的朋友，并发现与我们有共同爱好的全新群体。一条即时消息、一个群聊、一个视频电话、一条更新的评论——有无数的方式来分享我们的观点或让别人知道我们关心他们。
然而，尽管互联网带来了许多宝贵的优势，网络连接也有它的问题。就像任何伟大的发明一样，我们必须意识到这些问题，并恰当地、负责任地谨慎使用互联网。只有这样，互联网才可以成为一个让每个人有所发现、获得惊奇和灵感的地方。它是一个真正没有边界的世界。Ⅰ.匹配词义
A．单词匹配
( )1.theory A．n.共和国，共和政体
( )2.republic B．n.生存，存活；残存物，幸存事物
( )3.deadly C．n.省，省份
( )4.province D．n.学说，论；原理；看法，意见
( )5.survival E．adj.causing death or extremely poisonous
( )6.herb F．adj.not very great in amount
( )7.experiment G．adj.of a family
n. a social unit living together
( )8.household H．adj.enough for its purpose
( )9.sufficient I．n.药草，香草；草本
( )10.limited J．n.实验，试验；尝试，实践
vi.做实验，进行实验；尝试
[答案] 1－5 DAECB 6－10 IJGHF
B．短语匹配
( )1.speed up A．偶然，意外地
( )2.pay off B．外太空
( )3.by accident C．(使)加速
( )4.with a bang D．成功，奏效，达到目的
( )5.outer space E．很成功；引人注目，有强烈影响
( )6.let sb.down F．想当然地认为，认为……
是理所当然
( )7.as to G．提出，提议，建议
( )8.take it for granted H．关于，至于
( )9.put forward I．查阅，参考；提到，谈及
( )10.refer to J．使某人失望
[答案] 1－5 CDAEB 6－10 JHFGI
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．intend vi.& vt. 想要，计划；意指
2．data n. 数据，资料，材料
3．conduct vt.& vi. 组织，实施；指挥；引导；举止
4．accident n. 意外，偶然的事；事故，意外遭遇
5．favour vt. 较喜欢；偏袒；有助于
n. 帮助，好事；赞同；偏袒
6．electricity n. 电，电能
7．charge vt.& vi. 充电；收费；控告；谴责；
使……承担责任；使充满
n. 收费；控告；谴责；掌管
8．indicate vt. 表明；暗示；提及；指出
9．credit n. 赞扬，认可；信用
vt. 存入金额；把……归于
10．publish vt. 出版，发行；发表；公布
Ⅰ.语境填空
permit；declare；responsibility；scientific；survival；moral；beneficial；electric；indicate；surround
1．A good diet is beneficial to health.
2．His only chance of survival was a heart transplant.
3．The password will permit access to all the files in the computer.
4．He came along to lend me moral support.
5．In the email, you don't need to declare who you are.
6．There's an electric heater in the bedroom.
7．We need to be more scientific about this problem.
8．Early results can indicate that the government will be returned to power.
9．That is the question that will always surround him.
10．The bank refuses to accept responsibility for the mistake.
Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词
1．He represents a new breed of politician(political).
2．She made a favourable(favour)impression on his parents.
3．He invented the first electric (electricity) clock.
4．The illustration (illustrate) shows a section through a leaf.
5．You must ask permission(permit)for all major expenditure.
6．All applicants will be considered regardless of age，sex or nationality (nation).
7．Traditional Chinese view was that marriage(marry) was meant to last, whatever happened.
8．I question the wisdom (wise)of giving a child so much money.
9．The following day she felt sufficiently(sufficient)well to go to work.
10．He finally won his freedom(free) after twenty years in prison.
1．She collected over 2，000 traditional Chinese medical recipes for malaria treatment and made hundreds of extracts from different herbs.
她收集了2 000多种治疗疟疾的中药配方，并从不同的草药中获得了数百种提取物。
2．On 4 October 1971，after 190 failures，she succeeded in making qinghao extract that could treat malaria in mice.
1971年10月4日，在失败了190次之后，她成功地获得了一种治疗老鼠疟疾的青蒿提取物。
3．They worked day and night and their health began to suffer because of the poor conditions，but they never gave up.
他们夜以继日地工作，由于恶劣的条件，他们的健康开始受到损害，但他们从未放弃。
4．As a key part of many malaria medicines，...
作为许多治疗疟疾的药物的主要成分。
5．In her Nobel Lecture，she encouraged scientists to further explore the treasure house of traditional Chinese medicine and raise it to a higher level.
在她的诺贝尔演讲中，她鼓励科学家们进一步探索中医药的宝库，并将其提升到更高的水平。
课文助读
①become the first female scientist成为第一位女科学家
②fight against malaria 抗击疟疾
③one of the deadliest diseases最致命的疾病之一
④have a greatly increased chance of survival有极大的生存机会
⑤after graduation毕业后
⑥acquire a broad knowledge of both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine获得广泛的中西医知识
⑦intend to find a cure for the disease计划找到该疾病的治疗方法
⑧traditional Chinese medical recipes传统的中药配方
⑨make hundreds of extracts from different herbs从不同的草药中获得数百种提取物
⑩produce any promising results取得任何预期效果
refer to the ancient books查阅古代典籍
redesign the experiments重新设计实验
succeed in doing...成功做某事
manage to find solutions to the problem设法找到解决这个问题的方法
use household water containers用家用的盛水容器
because of the poor conditions由于恶劣的条件
be likely to be postponed有可能推迟
have sufficient safety data有充足的安全性数据
speed up the process加快进程
pay off 奏效；达到目的
through trial and error通过反复试验
further explore 进一步探索
draw on the wisdom of traditional Chinese medicine借鉴中医的智慧
medicines beneficial to global health care有益于全球医疗的药物
原文呈现
Chinese scientist wins 2015 Nobel Prize
By Dina Conner
11 December 2015
Tu Youyou has become the first female scientist① of the People's Republic of China to receive a Nobel Prize，awarded for her contribution to the fight against malaria②，one of the deadliest diseases③ in human history.[1] Thanks to her discovery of qinghaosu，malaria patients all over the world now have had a greatly increased chance of survival④.
[1] 句中的to receive a Nobel Prize作后置定语，修饰the first female scientist；awarded for...为过去分词短语作定语；one of the deadliest diseases in human history 是名词malaria的同位语。
Born in 1930，in Ningbo，Zhejiang Province，Tu studied medicine at university in Beijing between 1951 and 1955.[2] After graduation⑤，she worked at the Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine.She completed further training courses in traditional Chinese medicine，acquiring a broad knowledge of both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine⑥.[3]
[2] born in 1930...为过去分词短语作状语。
[3] acquiring...为动词 ing形式短语作状语。
Tu's education was soon to prove very useful.In the 1960s，many people were dying of malaria，and in 1969 Tu became head of a team that intended to find a cure for the disease⑦．[4]She collected over 2，000 traditional Chinese medical recipes⑧ for malaria treatment and made hundreds of extracts from different herbs⑨.When they failed to produce any promising results⑩，Tu referred to the ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine again.Inspired by an over 1，600 year old text about preparing qinghao extract with cold water，Tu redesigned the experiments and tried extracting the herb at a low temperature in order not to damage its effective part.[5] On 4 October 1971，after 190 failures，she succeeded in making qinghao extract that could treat malaria in mice．[6]
[4] 关系代词that引导定语从句，修饰先行词team。
[5] Inspired by an over 1，600 year old text about preparing qinghao extract with cold water为过去分词短语作状语。
[6]that could treat malaria in mice为定语从句，先行词为extract。
However，it was hard to produce enough qinghao extract for large trials because research resources were limited.Tu and her team managed to find solutions to the problem .When there was no research equipment，they had to extract herbs using household water containers .They worked day and night and their health began to suffer because of the poor conditions ，but they never gave up.
Even with large amounts of qinghao extract produced，[7] however，they still faced another problem.The trials on patients were likely to be postponed because they did not have sufficient safety data .To speed up the process and ensure its safety，Tu and her team volunteered to test qinghao extract on themselves first.
[7] 此句为with的复合结构：with ＋ n．＋过去分词。
The efforts of Tu and her team finally paid off .In November 1972，through trial and error ，they successfully discovered qinghaosu—the most effective part of the qinghao extract.As a key part of many malaria medicines, qinghaosu has since benefited about 200 million malaria patients.More than 40 years after its discovery，Tu was eventually awarded a Nobel Prize for her work.In her Nobel Lecture，she encouraged scientists to further explore the treasure house of traditional Chinese medicine and raise it to a higher level.Perhaps the next generation of scientists，drawing on the wisdom of traditional Chinese medicine ，will indeed discover more medicines beneficial to global health care .
译文参考
中国科学家获得2015年诺贝尔奖
迪娜·康纳
2015年12月11日
屠呦呦成为中华人民共和国第一位获得诺贝尔奖的女科学家。她获奖是因为她在抗击疟疾中做出的贡献，疟疾是人类历史上最致命的疾病之一。由于她发现了青蒿素，世界各地的疟疾患者现在有了极大的生存机会。
1930年，屠呦呦生于浙江宁波，1951年至1955年在北京的一所大学学医。毕业后，她在中医研究院工作。她完成了中医深造课程，获得了广泛的中西医知识。
屠呦呦所受的教育很快被证明是非常有用的。20世纪60年代，许多人死于疟疾。1969年，屠呦呦担任了一个课题组的组长，这个课题组计划找到该疾病的治疗方法。她收集了2 000多种治疗疟疾的中药配方，并从不同的草药中获得了数百种提取物。当它们未能产生预期效果时，屠呦呦再次查阅古代中医典籍。据一本1 600多年前的古籍记载，古人通过冷水制备青蒿提取物，受此启发，屠呦呦重新设计了实验，为了不破坏其(抗疟的)有效成分，她尝试在低温下提取青蒿。1971年10月4日，在失败了190次之后，她成功地获得了一种治疗老鼠疟疾的青蒿提取物。
然而，由于研究资源有限，难以生产出足够的青蒿提取物进行大规模试验。屠呦呦和她的团队设法找到解决这个问题的方法。当时没有研究设备，他们只能用家用的盛水容器提取青蒿。他们夜以继日地工作，由于恶劣的条件，他们的健康开始受到损害，但他们从未放弃。
然而，即使生产了大量的青蒿提取物，他们仍然面临另一个问题：因为他们没有充足的安全性数据，在病人身上进行试验有可能推迟。为了加快进程并确保安全，屠呦呦和她的团队自愿先在自己身上测试青蒿提取物。
屠呦呦和其团队的努力终于有了回报。1972年11月，通过反复试验，他们成功地找到了青蒿素——青蒿提取物最有效的成分。自那以后，作为治疗疟疾的药物的重要成分，“青蒿素”使大约2亿人受益。在发现它40多年后，屠呦呦最终获得了诺贝尔奖。在她的诺贝尔演讲中，她鼓励科学家们进一步探索中医药的宝库，并将其提升到更高的水平。也许下一代的科学家借鉴中医的智慧，确实会发现更多有益于全球医疗的药物。Ⅰ.匹配词义
A．单词匹配
( )1.soil A．n.昆虫
( )2.continent B．n.a large area of land，
usually without exact limits or borders
( )3.million C．prep.在……下面，
在……下方；配不上
( )4.species D．n.a substance needed to keep living
things alive and to help it to grow
( )5.nutrient E．n.土壤；国土，领土，土地
( )6.wildlife F．n.种，物种
( )7.beneath G．n.animals，birds，insects，etc.that
are wild and live in a natural environment
( )8.extinction H．n.大陆，陆地，洲
( )9.insect I．num.一百万；许多，大量
( )10.region J．n.灭绝，绝种
[答案] 1－5 EHIFD 6－10 GCJAB
B．短语匹配
( )1.in turn A．逐渐增加，扩大
( )2.break down B．相应地，转而
( )3.breathe life into C．由于，因为
( )4.due to D．使分解(为)，使变化(成)
( )5.build up E．给……带来起色，注入活力
( )6.come up with F．摆脱，丢弃，扔掉
( )7.call for G．使发生(或存在)
( )8.spring to mind H．(公开)要求；需要
( )9.get rid of I．想出，想到
( )10.give rise to J．突然记起(或想到)
[答案] 1－5 BDECA 6－10 IHJFG
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．harm n．& vt. 伤害，损害
2．length n. 长，长度；时间的长短；
篇幅，(电影)片长
3．variety n. 不同种类；变化，多样性；变种，变体
4．survive vi. 生存，存活
vt. 幸存，幸免于难
5．thus adv. 因此，从而；这样
6．disappear vi. 不复存在，灭绝，消亡；消失；失踪
7．agriculture n. 农业，农学
8．impact n. 影响，作用；撞击，冲撞
vi.& vt. 有影响；冲击
9．damage vt.& n. 损害，伤害，损坏，破坏
10．climate n. 气候；倾向，风气
Ⅰ.语境填空
absolutely；defence；nowhere；protest；profit；various；recycle；former；further；agriculture
1．We have decided to take no further action.
2．Students took to the streets to protest against the decision.
3．The car park was absolutely packed solid with people.
4．Nowhere else in the world can a tourist find cheaper tailoring than in Hong Kong.
5．Her father was the former editor of the Saturday Review.
6．The company made a healthy profit on the deal.
7．Tents come in various shapes and sizes.
8．She is going to recycle useful rubbish.
9．The number of people employed in agriculture has fallen in the last decade.
10．What points can be raised in defence of this argument.
Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词
1．He has made it absolutely(absolute) clear so you must have understood.
2．A tracker(track) is a person who can find people or wild animals by following their prints.
3．They have driven the rhino to the edge of extinction(extinct).
4．His application(apply) for membership of the organization was rejected.
5．As babies，we rely entirely(entire) on others for food.
6．He's the president of a large international organization(organize).
7．There are conflicts between regional(region) and national interests.
8．Some economic(economy) issues were discussed in the conference.
9．The leaves of certain trees are poisonous(poison) to cattle.
10．She earns her living (live)as a freelance journalist.
1．With an area of around 6 million square kilometres，the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China.
亚马孙雨林面积约600万平方公里，相当于中国面积的一半以上。
2．On its journey from the mountains to the ocean，the river supports many different ecosystems.
从山区流到海洋，这条河支撑着许多不同的生态系统。
3．Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor.
在那之上是在黑暗的雨林地面上的大量落叶。
4．When a jaguar dies，a tiny army of microorganisms helps break down its body and return the nutrients to the earth.
当美洲豹死亡时，一小群微生物帮助分解它的尸体，并将营养物质还给大地。
5．Moreover，the Amazon rainforest is a treasure house of species that can be used for food or medicine.
此外，亚马孙雨林还是一个有食用或药用价值的物种宝库。
课文助读
①play a significant role in在……中起重要作用
②the Earth's ecosystem 地球生态系统
③on the South American continent 在南美大陆上
④with an area of 面积是……
⑤6，400 kilometres in length长6 400千米
⑥one in ten known species十分之一的已知物种
⑦plant species known to us我们已知的植物
⑧water lily 睡莲
⑨an unbelievable variety of wildlife种类多到难以置信的野生动植物
⑩roots beneath the ground地表下的根系
be made up of shorter plants由较矮的植物组成
a significant number of jaguars相当多的美洲豹
at least 87 species至少87个物种
in turn 相应地，转而
feed on insects 以昆虫为食
break down its body分解它的尸体
return the nutrients to the earth将营养物质还给大地
breathe life into the planet使地球生生不息
fix carbon 固定碳
over 20 per cent of all the Earth's oxygen 超过全球总量20%的氧气
a treasure house of species一个物种宝库
due to human activities由于人类活动
such as agriculture and cattle farming例如农业和养牛业
the impact of human activities人类活动的影响
in danger of extinction 处于绝种的危险中
be left with a question留下一个问题
原文呈现
The Amazon rainforest：a natural treasure
Welcome to the jungle，a huge sea of green alive with the sounds of animals.[1] This is the Amazon rainforest.As the largest rainforest in the world，it plays a significant role in① maintaining the fine balance of the Earth's ecosystem②.
[1]a huge sea of green alive with the sounds of animals是名词the jungle的同位语。
The Amazon rainforest crosses into eight countries，including Brazil and Peru，and one overseas region of France，all on the South American continent③.With an area of④ around 6 million square kilometres，the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China.[2] The Amazon River，from which the rainforest gets its name，is close to 6，400 kilometres in length⑤—roughly 100 kilometres longer than the Yangtze River.On its journey from the mountains to the ocean，the river supports many different ecosystems.They give this area the richest biodiversity on the Earth：one in ten known species⑥ in the world can be found here.
[2]more than half the size of China 是倍数表达法之一：“倍数＋the size of＋被比较的对象”。
Of the 390，000 plant species known to us⑦，more than 40，000 can be found in the Amazon.This tall and ancient brazil nut tree produces nuts that we can eat；these water lilies⑧ are big enough to lie down on.The forest's different levels support an unbelievable variety of wildlife⑨.At the bottom，there is a system of roots beneath the ground⑩.Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor.[3] The next level is made up of shorter plants with large leaves.Then there are the towering ancient hardwoods，and finally the tops of the tallest trees many metres above the ground.Each level of the forest forms its own little world，home to different kinds of living things.
[3] 本句是完全倒装句，由“介词短语＋系动词＋主语”构成。
More than 1，300 species of birds and over 400 species of mammals hide among the jungle's plant life.This jaguar is one example.It has a yellowish brown coat with black spots.While a significant number of jaguars survive here，they are only one element of this forest's food chain.They feed on at least 87 species ，including frogs.These frogs，in turn ，feed on insects which eat leaves and fruit.When a jaguar dies，a tiny army of microorganisms helps break down its body and return the nutrients to the earth .
The Amazon rainforest breathes life into the planet by fixing carbon and producing over 20 per cent of all the Earth's oxygen .Thus，it is often known as the “lungs of the planet”．Moreover，the Amazon rainforest is a treasure house of species that can be used for food or medicine.Yet there is one major danger to these irreplaceable plants and animals：us.Over the past 50 years，about 17 per cent of the rainforest has disappeared due to human activities such as agriculture and cattle farming . [4]As the impact of human activities continues to grow and the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer，we are left with a question ：can we afford to damage the “lungs of the planet”？
[4] 时间状语为“Over the past 50 years”，主句用现在完成时态。
译文参考
亚马孙雨林：自然宝库
欢迎来到这片丛林，这是一片绿色的海洋，到处都可以听到动物发出的声音。这是亚马孙雨林。作为世界上最大的热带雨林，它在维持地球生态系统的良好平衡方面发挥着重要作用。
亚马孙雨林横跨南美大陆的八个国家，包括巴西、秘鲁以及法国的一个海外地区。亚马孙雨林面积约600万平方公里，相当于中国面积的一半以上。亚马孙雨林得名于亚马孙河。亚马孙河长接近6 400千米，比长江还长约100千米。从山区流到海洋，这条河支撑着许多不同的生态系统。它们使这个地区拥有地球上最丰富的生物多样性：世界上十分之一的已知物种在这里能够被发现。
在我们已知的39万种植物中，有4万多种能在亚马孙雨林中找到。高大而古老的巴西坚果树出产我们可以吃的坚果；这些睡莲大得可以让人躺在上面。雨林的不同层次使种类多到难以置信的野生动植物得以生存。在底部，有一个地表下的根系。在那之上是在黑暗的雨林地面上的大量落叶。再往上的一层是长着大叶的较矮的植物。然后是高耸而古老的阔叶树，最后是离地面好几米高的最高树木的树梢。雨林的每一层都形成了自己的小世界，成为各种生物的家园。
1 300多种鸟类和400多种哺乳动物藏身于亚马孙雨林的植物中。这只美洲豹就是一个例子。它长着一身带黑色斑点的黄褐色的皮毛。尽管相当多的美洲豹在这里生存，但它们只是这个雨林食物链的一个要素。它们以包括青蛙在内的至少87个物种为食。相应地，这些青蛙以昆虫为食，而昆虫则吃树叶和水果。当美洲豹死亡时，一小群微生物帮助分解它的尸体，并将营养物质还给大地。
亚马孙雨林通过固定碳，并产生超过全球总量20%的氧气，使得地球生生不息。因此，它经常被称为“地球之肺”。此外，亚马孙雨林还是一个有食用或药用价值的物种宝库。然而，这些不能替代的动植物面临着一个主要的危险：我们人类。在过去的50年里，由于农耕和养牛等人类活动，约17%的雨林已经消失了。随着人类活动的影响不断增加，濒危物种名单越来越长，这就留给我们一个问题：我们能承担得起损害“地球之肺”的后果吗？Ⅰ.匹配词义
A．单词匹配
( )1.county A．n.a process or series of acts in a work
( )2.disaster B．n.楼梯；梯级
( )3.crash C．n.碰撞声，破裂声；碰撞；
崩溃vi.& vt.碰撞，撞击；崩溃
( )4.exit D．n.郡，县
( )5.orderly E．n.an act that has disastrous results
( )6.stair F．adj.be in good order
( )7.procedure G．adj.引起破坏(或毁灭)的，
破坏(或毁灭)性的
( )8.odd H．n.台风
( )9.typhoon I．vt.&vi.出去，离去，退场；退出
n．出口，通道；离开
( )10.destructive J．adj.奇怪的，怪异的；偶尔的；
不成对的
[答案] 1－5 DECIF 6－10 BAJHG
B．短语匹配
( )1.at large A．安然无恙的
( )2.safe and sound B．(在困境中)保持冷静
( )3.occur to C．整个，全部
( )4.keep one's head D．被想到，浮现在脑中
( )5.hold on to E．突然开始，爆发
( )6.run out of F．使某人大为宽慰的是
( )7.take the form of G．紧紧抓住；坚持
( )8.break out H．用完，耗尽
( )9.far and wide I．呈现……的形状；采取……的形式
( )10.to one's great relief J．到处，各处
[答案] 1－5 CADBG 6－10 HIEJF
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．injure vt. 伤害，使受伤；损害
2．reaction n. 反应，回应；抗拒；化学反应
3．signal vi.& vt. 发信号，示意；标志
n. 信号，暗号；标志；信号灯
4．confirm vt. 证实，确认；使确信；批准
5．hug vt. 拥抱，搂抱；抱紧
6．document n. 文件，公文；(计算机中的)文档
7．flood n. 洪水，水灾；大量
vi. & vt. 淹没，泛滥；大量涌入；充满
8．inform vt. 了解，熟悉；通知
9．supply n. 补给，补给品；供应；供应量，储备
vt. 供应，供给，提供
10．pattern n. 图案，花样；模式；范例；模型
Ⅰ.语境填空
shock；charity；staff；downstairs；otherwise；destination；destruction；roll；beyond；signal
1．Most of the runners in the London Marathon are raising money for charity．
2．Sailors signal with flags by day and with lights by night.
3．Destruction of the environment is one of the most serious challenges we face.
4．He has never recovered from the shock of your brother's death.
5．The cats were enjoying a roll in the sunshine.
6．Shut the window, otherwise it'll get too cold in here.
7．Our luggage was checked all the way through to our final destination．
8．The road continues beyond the village up into the hills.
9．On behalf of the staff, I wish to extend our warmest welcome to you.
10．She rushed downstairs and burst into the kitchen.
Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词
1．Most people are scared(scare) to use the buses late at night.
2．The media has a powerful(power) influence on public opinion.
3．You can of course help by giving them a donation(donate) directly.
4．The oddness(odd) of her appearance frightened her mother.
5．The beach is within walking distance(distant) of my house.
6．People's reaction(react) to the film has varied greatly.
7．The first thing he looked at was his office's location(locate).
8．In front of them the valley dropped sharply(sharp) away from the road.
9．The typhoon has left a trial of death and destruction (destroy)across much of central Japan.
10．The woman in the shop had looked at them curiously(curious).
1．There were loud crashes of glass breaking and things falling to the ground，but the students remained still and waited calmly and quietly.
尽管玻璃破碎和物体落地发出阵阵巨响，但是学生们仍然一动不动，沉着安静地等待着。
2．The moment the shaking stopped，Miss Brown sensed it was the best time for the class to make their escape.
震动一停止，布朗小姐就感觉到这是全班同学逃跑的最佳时机。
3．She signalled to her students to exit the classroom in an orderly line covering their heads with their hands.
她示意学生们抱着头，排好队，有序离开教室。
4．After a roll call confirmed that all were safe and sound，they relaxed，laughing，crying and hugging each other.
点名确认所有人都安然无恙后，他们才放松下来，笑啊，哭啊，互相拥抱着。
5．It immediately occurred to her that these were signs of an approaching tsunami.
她立刻意识到这些是海啸来临的征兆。
课文助读
①over 200 injured in the disaster area在灾区200多人受伤
②at large 整个，全部
③her students' reaction 她的学生们的反应
④hold on to the legs of the desks紧紧抓住桌腿
⑤at the same time 同时，一起
⑥in case 以防；以防万一
⑦fall to the ground落地
⑧signal to her students to exit the classroom示意她的学生们离开教室
⑨in an orderly line排好队
⑩go down the stairs 走下楼梯
a roll call点名
confirmed that all were safe and sound确认所有人都安然无恙
hug each other互相拥抱
practise earthquake safety procedures练习地震安全逃生程序
twice a year每年两次
save 100 from tsunami从海啸中救了100人
a series of huge waves一排排巨浪
notice something odd注意到一些奇怪的现象
like the bubbles on the top of a beer像啤酒上面的泡沫
occur to her她意识到
keep one's head(在困境中)保持冷静
to one's great relief 使某人大为宽慰的是
原文呈现
Pupils' lives spared during Falmont earthquake
By Raymond Tran
18 March
FALMONT—On 17March，476 students and 36 teachers at Falmont Primary School escaped an earthquake that hit the county at 2：27 p．m.Only 5 students suffered slight injuries，despite the current figures of 7 killed and over 200 injured in the disaster area① at large②.
Alice Brown，head teacher at Falmont Primary School，was teaching when the floor began to shake.Her students' reaction③ was quick and correct—they moved under their desks，head first，and held on to the legs of the desks④.At the same time⑤，Miss Brown quickly opened the classroom door，in case⑥ it became damaged during the shaking and could not open.There were loud crashes of glass breaking and things falling to the ground⑦，but the students remained still and waited calmly and quietly.
The moment the shaking stopped，Miss Brown sensed it was the best time for the class to make their escape.[1] She signalled to her students to exit the classroom⑧ in an orderly line⑨ covering their heads with their hands.Within one minute and twenty seconds，the whole class went down the stairs⑩ and rushed to the playground.Soon students from other classes arrived too.After a roll call confirmed that all were safe and sound ，they relaxed，laughing，crying and hugging each other .
[1]the moment在此处为连词，引导时间状语从句，表示“一……就……”。
“We practise earthquake safety procedures twice a year ，” said Miss Brown，“so the kids were calm enough to protect themselves during the earthquake.”
Girl saves 100 from tsunami
By Jessie Cable
21 December
NEWDALE—On 20 December，a series of huge waves caused by an undersea earthquake raced across the ocean near Goldshore and left thousands dead.Goldshore Beach was the only local beach to survive the disaster without any loss of life.A 10 year old girl，Sabrina Andron，helped around 100 people escape danger with her knowledge of tsunamis.
The day began like any other on Goldshore Beach.People were walking，running or simply sitting on the sandy beach，enjoying the warm sea air and the soft wind that brushed their hair.Sabrina was one of the happy tourists until she noticed something odd .“The water was like the bubbles on the top of a beer ，” she later explained.“It wasn't calm and it wasn't going in and then out.It was just coming in and in and in.” Sabrina had just learnt about tsunamis in a Geography lesson.It immediately occurred to her that these were signs of an approaching tsunami.[2]
[2]It occurred to sb.that...结构，表示“某人突然想到……”。其中，it 为形式主语，真正的主语是that从句。
Sabrina was frightened，but she soon kept her head .She warned her parents of the danger，though at first they just thought she was joking.However，Sabrina was certain that a terrible disaster was on its way and kept asking her parents to talk to a safety officer.To her great relief ，the officer immediately realized the coming danger.The beach was rapidly cleared of people，just before the huge waves crashed into the coast.
译文参考
弗尔蒙特地震中
幸免于难的学生
雷蒙德·特兰
3月18日
弗尔蒙特——3月17日下午2点27分，弗尔蒙特小学的476名学生和36名教师逃脱了地震的袭击。尽管目前整个灾区总体的伤亡数字是7人死亡，200多人受伤，但(在这所学校)只有5名学生受了轻伤。
弗尔蒙特小学的校长爱丽丝·布朗正在上课，突然地板开始摇晃起来。她的学生们反应迅速、正确——他们头朝里，爬到课桌下面，并紧紧抓住桌腿。与此同时，布朗小姐迅速打开了教室的门，以防在地震中损坏而无法打开。尽管玻璃破碎和物体落地发出阵阵巨响，但是学生们仍然一动不动，沉着安静地等待着。
震动一停止，布朗小姐就感觉到这是全班同学逃跑的最佳时机。她示意学生们抱着头，排好队，有序离开教室。在1分20秒内，全班同学走下楼梯，冲向操场。很快，其他班的学生也来了。点名确认所有人都安然无恙后，他们才放松下来，笑啊，哭啊，互相拥抱着。
布朗小姐说：“我们每年练习两次地震安全逃生程序，所以孩子们在地震中都足够冷静，能够保护自己。”
女孩在海啸中救了100人
杰西·凯布尔
12月21日
纽代尔市——12月20日，由海底地震引起的一排排巨浪急速冲过金海岸附近的海面，造成数千人死亡。在这场灾难中，金海岸海滩是当地唯一没有人员伤亡的海滩。一个10岁的女孩，名字叫萨布丽娜·安德龙，用她有关海啸的基本知识帮助大约100人逃离了危险。
那天刚开始，金海岸海滩上与往常一样。人们走着，跑着，或者只是坐在沙滩上，享受着温暖的海风和拂过他们头发的微风。萨布丽娜是这些快乐的游客中的一个，直到她注意到了一些奇怪的现象。“海水像啤酒上面的泡沫，”她后来解释说，“它很不平静，不是形成后破灭。它只是在不断地形成。”萨布丽娜刚刚在地理课上学习了关于海啸的知识。她立刻意识到这些是海啸来临的征兆。
萨布丽娜很害怕，但很快就保持了镇静。她提醒她的父母有危险，尽管一开始他们认为她是在开玩笑。然而，萨布丽娜确信可怕的灾难即将来临，坚持要父母去告诉安全员。使她大为宽慰的是，这名安全员立即意识到了即将到来的危险。在巨浪撞击海岸之前，就把海滩上的人疏散了。
