考点3 阅读七选五
阅读七选五之利用位置关系解题（核心考点精讲精练）
根据段首位置线索解题
1．主旨句：常以段落小标题或段落主题句的形式出现。
2．段落过渡句：空处的答案能够将上一段和下一段的内容连贯起来。
段首设空题解题指导：
①段落标题句：观察其他段落标题的表达形式；段落标题的特点：短小精悍，以祈使句或短语为主；阅读段落内容提炼中心词，留言体现主旨的原词、同源词、同义词、近义词或反义词。
②段落主题句：认真阅读下文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关词，推断主题句。
③段落间的过渡句：瞻前顾后找线索，正确答案应连贯上一段结尾和下一段内容。
【典例1】（2023年新高考II卷）
·___19___ Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈) is crucial to growth. I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic ability.
A. Get out of your comfort zone.
B. Make career plans and set goals.
C. Don’t throw away your beginner art.
D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so.
E. You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times.
F. Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role.
G. You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition.
【答案】19. D
【解析】设空处位于段首，是本段的中心句，根据后文“Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈) is crucial to growth. I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic ability. (寻求并接受有建设性的反馈对于你的成长非常重要。我在社交媒体上发布我的作品，并因此结识了一些最友好的人。无论我的艺术水平如何，他们都让我感到受到了重视和尊重)”可知，本段主要讲述了是分享自己的作品，所以D项“Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so. (如果你感觉舒适的话，分享你的作品)”符合文意，是本段的中心句。故选D项。
【典例2】 (2022·全国乙卷·节选)
· 39
Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships.Although technology might make day-to-day communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on special days.Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends' birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you.
A．Remember important dates
B．Compensate by writing letters
C．It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D．Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E．Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F．It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G．You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
【解析】本空是对段落小标题的考查。根据本段的 Anniversaries and birthdays ... special days.以及 keeps track of friends' birthdays and other important dates 等关键信息可知，本段讲的是要记住重要的日子。故选A项。
【典例3】 (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷·节选)
Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight. 38.The food is so delicious that you don't need much of it to make you happy.French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.
39 On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries. I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon. My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18!
In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency (效率)．You can tell this by café life. French cafés are always crowded. 40. Not all the customers are tourists.When do these people work The French take their 35-hour workweek seriously — so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call.
B．The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C．There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D．The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E．That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F．Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
【解析】 根据空处所在的位置可知，该空很可能是承上启下的过渡句。设空处的上一段介绍了法国人吃得少的一个原因是他们的食物美味，根据空后内容可知，该段主要讲述的是法国人吃得少的另一个原因，即水果价格昂贵。设空处应起到承上启下的过渡作用。分析选项可知，E项符合语境，且该项中的That指代上文论述的原因。
1.【2023·安徽省皖江联盟高三最后一卷联考】
Every day, a sea of decisions stretches before us. It’s impossible to make a perfect choice every time. But there is one particularly effective technique to improve our chances: critical thinking.
Prepare your question.
____36____For example, if you’re wondering whether to go for fitness, there are many factors that will cloud your reasons. But, if you know clearly what you can get by body-shaping, that’ll help you decide whether it really suits your needs.
A．Explore other points of view.
B．Apply the information collected.
C．In other words, get to know what you’re looking for.
D．Then what about the long-term environmental effects
E．But it can help us increase the number of positive choices we make.
F．Therefore, ask yourself about what interests you most and what is needed.
G．It helps you weigh different options, moving you closer to a wiser decision.
36．C上文小标题“Prepare your question(准备你的问题)”可知是要准备问题。空处位于句首，结合下文“But, if you know clearly what you can get by body-shaping, that’ll help you decide whether it really suits your needs.(但是，如果你清楚地知道你可以通过塑身得到什么，这将有助于你决定它是否真的适合你的需要。)”可知，通过提出的问题来确定塑身是否真的适合自身需求。C选项“In other words, get to know what you’re looking for.(换句话说，知道你所追求的东西。)”与下文承接，用问题判断是否是自己想要的，故选C。
2.【2023·安徽省皖江联盟高三最后一卷联考】
____39____
Ask yourself why so many people are drawn to countless travel trips or destinations. Even if you disagree with everything that travel agencies say, exploring the viewpoints might explain why some routes that don’t seem valid to you appeal to others. This will allow you to explore alternatives, evaluate your own choices, and ultimately help you make more informed decisions.
A．Explore other points of view.
B．Apply the information collected.
C．In other words, get to know what you’re looking for.
D．Then what about the long-term environmental effects
E．But it can help us increase the number of positive choices we make.
F．Therefore, ask yourself about what interests you most and what is needed.
G．It helps you weigh different options, moving you closer to a wiser decision.
39．A该题是标题选择。结合下文“Even if you disagree with everything that travel agencies say, exploring the viewpoints might explain why some routes that don’t seem valid to you appeal to others.(即使你不同意旅行社所说的一切，探索这些观点也可能解释为什么一些对你来说似乎无效的路线会吸引其他人。)”可知，要去探索他人的观点。这与选项A项“Explore other points of view (探索他人的观点)”相一致，故选A。
3.（2023·辽宁省沈阳市二中模拟试题）
___
It’s easy to give in when your children are losing their tempers. But each time you give them what they want, you teach your children that their unacceptable acts are an effective way to get their needs met. If you want to raise mentally strong kids, stick to your limits.
A．Giving in to misbehavior
B．Keeping to your principles
C．Teach them not to give up dreams easily
D．Kids tend to have a wide variety of emotions
E．Therefore, set limits on what you give your children
F．You may think it’s cute to spend more money on your children
G．They are also more likely to struggle with self- confidence issues
【答案】A
【解析】根据下文“It’s easy to give in when your children are losing their tempers. But each time you give them what they want, you teach your children that their unacceptable acts are an effective way to get their needs met. If you want to raise mentally strong kids, stick to your limits. (当你的孩子发脾气时，你很容易屈服。但每次你给他们想要的东西，你都会教育你的孩子，他们不可接受的行为是满足他们需求的有效途径。如果你想培养心智健全的孩子，就要坚持自己的极限)”可知，这里指出父母向孩子的要求屈服的不当做法。选项A“向不当行为屈服”和下文意思一致。故选A。
二、段中设空题
段中设空题通常考查过渡句和细节句。段中句若位于主题句后，很可能是说明原因、举例证明、分述细化主题、解释前面句中的某个概念等；位于段落中间可能起衔接作用。要重点阅读空前一句和空后一句，找出它们之间的逻辑关系，或者根据意义的连贯性得出答案。解题时要特别注意体现时间、原因、方式、转折等逻辑关系的语篇标志词(关联词)。
段中设空题：
①细节句：设空位于段中，首先阅读选项并画出关键词；然后重点阅读设空处的前一句和后一句，画出关键词，找出它们之间的逻辑关系或根据意义的连贯性得出答案；阅读各个选项，标记关键词；比较匹配关键词，确定答案；利用词汇复现找到答案；利用表并列、转折、递进和因果的关系的关联词找到答案。
②过渡句：阅读空处前后内容，挖掘内在的逻辑关系；阅读各个选项，标记表示转折、并列、递进或因果关系的关联词；注意词汇复现：同源词、同义词、近义词或反义词复现，不同时态形式的动词等。
【典例1】（2023年新高考I卷）You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. ____19____ That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.
A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
【答案】19. C
【解析】根据空后内容“That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through.(这样，你们就可以交换意见，谈谈是什么让你们每个人都与众不同，以及你们个性中闪光的方面。)”可知，空处提到了某种方式，这种方式会使得你和朋友们一起交换意见等。选项C “They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.(他们甚至可能想试一试做练习。)”符合语境，C项中的“they”与空前的“You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list.(你可以让朋友或家人帮你增加你的列表内容。)”中的“a friend or family member”保持一致，同时选项C和下文“In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.(事实上，不要等到你犯了错误才去尝试这个——这是一个在任何时候都能增强自信的好方法。)”中的“this”一致。故选C。
【典例2】 (2022·全国甲卷·节选)
Important Things to Know When Dining Out
Cultural dining etiquette (礼节) might surprise you with some of its important rules.36.Don't get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant. Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the world.
In India and the Middle East, it's considered very rude to eat with your left hand.People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. 38 ， instead preferring to use their hands.In Chile, you may never touch any food with your fingers.People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons.
A．The more friends you make in your lifetime
B．The more time you spend in any given country
C．Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
E．It's a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
【解析】空前和空后分明讲了印度、中东、法国、智利以及泰国的风俗，空处也应是某个国家的风俗，故C项符合语境，且C项与空后内容形成对比。
（2023·吉林省长春吉大附中实验学校模拟试题）
Don’t watch or read scary content before bed.
Images-from any exciting or disturbing content you watch before bed can appear in your dreams. 164 Reading the news media and then hopping into bed is more likely to give rise to upsetting dreams than looking through pictures from your last vacation with your family.
A．Use a white noise machine.
B．Practice stress-relieving activities.
C．A healthy sleep routine begets sound sleep.
D．Instead, try herbal teas and other drinks aiding sleep.
E．How can we reduce nightmares and improve our sleep
F．During the pandemic, even our everyday lives are looking pretty scary, too.
G．Dreams and rapid eye movement sleep is essential for memory improvement.
【答案】F
【解析】根据上文提示“Images-from any exciting or disturbing content you watch before bed can appear in your dreams.”（睡前观看的任何令人兴奋或不安的内容都会出现在你的梦中。）可知，睡觉前看那些好的或不好的消息都会出现在你的梦中，再根据下文提示“Reading the news media and then hopping into bed is more likely to give rise to upsetting dreams than looking through pictures from your last vacation with your family.”（阅读新闻媒体，然后跳到床上，比浏览上次和家人度假的照片更容易引发令人不安的梦。）可知，阅读这些新闻使你不安，这说明阅读的新闻是不好的消息，由此可知，F项“During the pandemic, even our everyday lives are looking pretty scary, too.”（在大流行病期间，甚至我们的日常生活看起来也相当可怕。）符合，引起下文，新闻媒体播放的那些消息正是疫情期间那些人们可怕的生活，即下文“the news media”内容指的是“even our everyday lives are looking pretty scary”。故选F。
三、段尾设空题
1．细节句：①与上文是转折或对比关系；②与上文是并列或递进关系。
2．总结句：用于总结本段内容，常含有总结性的词语，如therefore、 as a result、 thus、 to sum up、 to conclude、 in a word等。
3．段落过渡句：此空处的答案能够将上段和下段的内容连贯起来。
段尾设空的题多为总结本段内容，偶有起承上启下的作用。即要么是结论句，要么就是承上启下句。
题型和考查角度：
①结论句：用于总结本段内容，常含有总结性的词语。
②承上启下句：此空处的答案能够将上段和下段的内容连贯起来。
③细节句：空前一句或两句是重点语句，应该重点阅读；锁定空前重点语句中的高频词汇和体现逻辑关系的关联词；寻找选项中是否有表逻辑关系的关联词；寻找选项中是否有与上文相同或相似的句式结构。
④过渡句：瞻前顾后找线索；阅读上一段的结尾，结合下一段的开头，留意衔接词和关键词；注意所选答案是否衔接上下段内容；阅读空前段落内容，抓住主旨，总结空前的内容，并利用词汇复现等技巧选出正确答案。
【典例1】 (2021·1月浙江高考·节选)
You run into the grocery store to pick up one bottle of water.You get what you need, head to the front, and choose the line that looks fastest.
You chose wrong.People who you swear got in other lines long after you are already checked out and off to the parking lot. 31
It turns out, it's just math working against you；chances are, the other line really is faster.
A．Why does this always seem to happen to you
B．So why don't most places encourage serpentine lines
C．Some of them may have stood in a queue for almost an hour.
D．The chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three.
E．How high is the probability that you are in the fastest waiting line
F．With three registers, this method is much faster than the traditional approach.
G．But sometimes, as on a Sunday afternoon, the system gets particularly busy.
【解析】本题考查段尾过渡句。上文描述了你排队结账时，发现自己排的队伍总是比别的队伍慢这一现象，下文的 It turns out 和 chances are, the other line really is faster点明了结论，所以空处应为对该现象提出的疑问。结合选项来看，只有A项的内容与结论的内容相匹配，起到了上下文衔接的过渡作用。
【典例2】 (2020·全国Ⅰ卷·节选)
·Recognize all of your strengths.Write them down in a journal.Begin to train your brain to look at strength before weakness.List all of your accomplishments and achievements.You have a job，earned your degree，and you got out of bed today. 39
A．Feeling upset again
B．Where do you start
C．Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D．Remember, you are only human.
E．Set an intention for self-acceptance.
F．Stop comparing yourself with others.
G．When does the comparison game start
【解析】本题考查段尾总结句。根据本段首句可知，本段的主题是“认识到你所有的优点”，段中列举了一些小的成绩，如有了一份工作，拿到了学位等，段尾应是对这些成绩做出总结：没有什么事情因太小而不值得庆祝。故选C项。
【2023·安徽省皖江联盟高三最后一卷联考】
Gather your information.
There’s lots of it out there, so having a clear idea of your question will help you determine what’s relevant. If you’re trying to decide on a diet to improve your nutrition, you may ask an expert for their advice, or seek other people’s opinions.____37____
A．Explore other points of view.
B．Apply the information collected.
C．In other words, get to know what you’re looking for.
D．Then what about the long-term environmental effects
E．But it can help us increase the number of positive choices we make.
F．Therefore, ask yourself about what interests you most and what is needed.
G．It helps you weigh different options, moving you closer to a wiser decision.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人们面临着无数的抉择，具备了批判性思维，可以提高我们做出完美抉择的机会。
37．G上文“If you’re trying to decide on a diet to improve your nutrition, you may ask an expert for their advice, or seek other people’s opinions.(如果你正试图决定饮食来改善你的营养，你可以向专家征求他们的建议，或者寻求其他人的意见。)”可知，要收集建议。G项“It helps you weigh different options, moving you closer to a wiser decision. (它帮助你衡量不同的选择，让你更明智地做出决定。)”中it指代上文中的“ask an expert for their advice, or seek other people’s opinions”，故选G。
基础过关
（最新模拟试题演练）
1.【2023·辽宁省抚顺市普通高中第一次模拟】
Patience is a virtue, but it can also be a medicine. People who know how to practice patience enjoy fewer negative emotions, feel less depressed, and are more satisfied with their lives. ___36___ That’s why we’re bringing you this guide to some tips for improving your patience.
Take Up a Patience-Centric Sport
Practicing patience doesn’t have to be all hard work. You can make it fun with a sport that rewards you for perseverance(毅力). Playing sports that encourage waiting can be particularly helpful for building life hardship patience. ___37___ Hunting is another activity many people enjoy, and this sport definitely requires perseverance.
Keep a Journal
___38___ You could use creative writing or calendar journaling to help boost your patience. Learning patience can be a long journey and you may get discouraged. Having a record of how far you’ve come can keep you focused and motivated.
___39___
Humans are social creatures. Having a trusted friend, partner, family member, or coworker we can turn to when our impatience gets the best of us can help us feel better. We should try to use our support system to brainstorm how we can make things better.
Take a Break
What do you do if time management doesn’t make you feel in any less of a rush Sometimes, feeling like you’re always in a hurry and impatient means you need a break. Hurry sickness is a non-life-threatening condition people can develop when they go non-stop. ___40___
A．If you don’t take a break when you need one, hurry sickness could develop into burn out.
B．Fishing, golf, and baseball are fun sports that require patience.
C．Seek Out Support
D．Acknowledge Your Feelings
E．Further, patient people may also benefit from a range of health advantages, such as better sleep and fewer headaches.
F．These are not the types of personalities teachers would want to project when dealing with children, parents, and even coworkers.
G．Writing forces us to slow down our thoughts, and that’s why journaling is useful.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个培养耐心的建议。
36．E根据上文“People who know how to practice patience enjoy fewer negative emotions, feel less depressed, and are more satisfied with their lives.(知道如何练习耐心的人很少享受负面情绪，很少感到沮丧，对他们的生活更满意)”可知，此处是讲述耐心的好处，E项“此外，有耐心的人也可能受益于一系列的健康优势，如更好的睡眠和更少的头痛”符合语境。故选E。
37．B上文“Playing sports that encourage waiting can be particularly helpful for building life hardship patience.(从事鼓励等待的运动尤其有助于培养对生活困难的耐心)”提到可以做一些运动来培养耐心，结合下文“Hunting is another activity many people enjoy, and this sport definitely requires perseverance.(打猎是许多人喜欢的另一项活动，这项运动当然需要毅力)”可知，空处应是具体提及一些能够培养耐心的运动，B项“钓鱼、高尔夫球和棒球都是需要耐心的有趣运动”符合语境。故选B。
38．G根据本段小标题“Keep a Journal(写日记)”及下文“You could use creative writing or calendar journaling to help boost your patience.(你可以使用创意写作或日历日记账来帮助提高你的耐心)”可知，本段是建议通过写日记来培养耐心，G项“写作迫使我们放慢思考的速度，这就是为什么写日记很有用”解释写日记能够培养耐心的原因，符合语境，故选G。
39．C空处是段落小标题，根据本段中“Having a trusted friend, partner, family member, or coworker we can turn to when our impatience gets the best of us can help us feel better.(有一个值得信赖的朋友、伴侣、家人或同事，当我们不耐烦的时候可以求助，可以帮助我们感觉更好)”本段主要是关于寻求家人、朋友的支持，C项“寻求支持”符合语境。故选C。
40．A根据上文“Sometimes, feeling like you’re always in a hurry and impatient means you need a break. Hurry sickness is a non-life-threatening condition people can develop when they go non-stop.(有时候，感觉自己总是匆匆忙忙、没有耐心，意味着你需要休息一下。匆忙症是一种不会危及生命的疾病，人们会在不停地忙碌时患上这种疾病)”可知，如果患上匆忙症就需要休息一下，A项“如果你在需要休息的时候不休息，匆忙症就会发展成精疲力竭”描述如果不休息的后果，符合语境。故选A。
2.【2023·湖南省岳阳市教学质量检测（二）】
Your Brain Was Made For Walking
If a president, a legendary philosopher, and one of the bestselling authors of all time credited the same secret for their success, would you try to follow it too What if the secret was something you already knew how to do ___36___.
Get walking! It’s not just some people who made a case for it as a prime creativity booster. ___37___ A Stanford University study found that participants were 81 percent more creative when walking as opposed to sitting. According to the study, walking outside—versus on a treadmill—produces the most novel and highest quality analogies in participants who walked and then sat down to do creative work.
The movement aspect of walking is obviously key. You’ve probably heard the phrase “Exercise your creativity”, which refers to the brain as muscle. Our creative mindset is stimulated by physical movement. ___38___
But the scenery is almost as important as the sweat. The National Human Activity Pattern Survey reveals that Americans spend 87 percent of their time indoors. Being inside, you’re more likely to stagnation(停滞), the antithesis of energy. ___39___ Just by going outside, you are stepping out of your habitual surroundings and your comfort zone, which is necessary if you want to open your mind to new possibilities.
___40___ Engage more closely with your surroundings for the next four weeks. Turn off your phone and give yourself the chance to be present in the world, to hear conversations and natural sounds, to notice the way people move. Walk not just for exercise. Walk for wonder.
A．In fact, you probably do it every day.
B．Physical movement is unintentional.
C．Without energy, you can’t wonder or create.
D．So why not set a creativity goal that starts with walking
E．That is why walking- with a friend, or alone feeds creative thinking.
F．Researchers have traced connections between walking and generating ideas.
G．Disconnecting from multimedia increases performance on all problem-solving tasks.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了散步可以有助于创造性思维的培养
36．A根据上文“If a president, a legendary philosopher, and one of the bestselling authors of all time credited the same secret for their success, would you try to follow it too What if the secret was something you already knew how to do (“如果一位总统、一位传奇哲学家和一位有史以来最畅销的作家都认为他们成功的秘诀是相同的你也会尝试遵循它吗？如果这个秘密是你已经知道怎么做的呢 ”)结合后文“Get walking!(去散步)”提到了成功的秘诀是散步，可推测本句是在回答上文的问题，并引出下文散步的话题。与A项“In fact, you probably do it every day. (事实上，你每天都在做)”上下文一致，故选A。
37．F根据上文“Get walking! It's not just some people who made a case for it as a prime creativity booster. (散步!不仅仅是一些人认为它是一种主要的创造力助推器!”)以及后文“A Stanford University study found that participants were 81 percent more creative when walking as opposed to sitting. According to the study, walking outside—versus on a treadmill—produces the most novel and highest quality analogies in participants who walked and then sat down to do creative work.(斯坦福大学的一项研究发现，参与者走路时的创造力比坐着时高出81%。根据这项研究，在户外行走与在跑步机上行走相比，在步行后坐下来做创造性工作的参与者中产生了最亲颖和最高质量的类比”)可知，后文提到了大学的户外行走的研究，可见有研究人员在研究走路和产生想法之间的联系。与F选项“Researchers have traced connections between walking and generating ideas. (研究人员追踪了走路和产生想法之间的联系)”上下文一致，故选F。
38．E根据上文“The movement aspect of walking is obviously key. You’ve probably heard the phrase “Exercise your creativity”, which refers to the brain as muscle. Our creative mindset is stimulated by physical movement. (走路的动作显然是关键。你可能听说过“锻炼你的创造力”这句话，它把大脑比作肌肉。我们的创造性思维是由身体运动激发的”)可知，上文提到了“创造性思维是由身体运动激发的”，即回答了为什么散步可以培养创造性居维的问题。与E选项“That is why walking- with a friend, or alone feeds creative thinking.(这就是为什么散步和朋友一起，或者独自一人一能培养创造性思维)”上下文一致。故选E。
39．C根据上文“But the scenery is almost as important as the sweat. The National Human Activity Pattern Survey reveals that Americans spend 87 percent of their time indoors. Being inside, you’re more likely to stagnation(停滞), the antithesis of energy. (但风景几乎和汗水一样重要。全国人类活动模式调查显示，美国人 87%的时间都在室内度过。待在室内，你更有可能停滞不前，这是能量的对立面。)”以及后文“Just by going outside, you are stepping out of your habitual surroundings and your comfort zone, which is necessary if you want to open your mind to new possibilities. (只走出去，你就走出了你习惯的环境和你的舒适区，如果你想打开你的心扉，迎接新的可能性，这是必要的。)可知，上文提到待在室内无法培养创造力，后文则建议走出去，可知本句属于过渡句，与C选项“Without energy, you can’t wonder or create. (没有能量，你就无法好奇或创造。)”上下文一致，故选C。
40．D根据后文“Engage more closely with your surroundings for the next four weeks. Turn off your phone and give yourself the chance to be present in the world, to hear conversations and natural sounds, to notice the way people move. Walk not just for exercise. (在接下来的四周里，要更密切地接触周围的环境。关掉手机，给自己一个融入世界的机会，去倾听对话和自然的声音，去注意人们移动的方式。走路不只是为了锻炼。)”可知，后文主要提出了如何专注地散步，融入世界，且提到“走路不只是为了锻炼。”，即设定创造性的目标。与D选项“So why not set a creativity goal that starts with walking (那么为什么不从步行开始设定一个创造力目标呢 )”上下文一致，故选D。
3.【2023·第八届湖北省高三4月调研】
When I read that we spend almost three hours every day checking our smartphones, I was shocked. What was I missing in the real world when walking down the street, lost in a virtual world of social media updates and videos of dogs on bicycles I promised myself I would use my smartphone less, but it didn’t happen. Then one day my phone died and I had to wait a week for a new one.____36____I thought it would be hard, but in fact it was quite easy—and surprising in a good way for a number of reasons!
The first consequence was quite amazing—On the first day in the office without my phone, I was thinking more deeply and concentrating more. I rediscovered my brain!____37____Another consequence was that I actually talked to people more and felt more connected to them. I realized I was being more responsive to their news and sympathetic to their problems because I wasn’t constantly checking my phone. ____38____Their kindness made me feel welcome, and I discovered my brain has very good GPS!
At the very beginning, I was worried that I would be bored without my phone, but actually I enjoyed it—I’d forgotten how much I love books and newspapers.____39____And I also sensed that I slept so much better and felt more awake in the morning.
At times it was inconvenient to have no mobile internet connection, but all in all, there were a lot of benefits from not being connected 24/7. So, if you think you use your smartphone too much, put it away for a few days and see what happens.____40____
A．Would I survive
B．What’s the problem
C．You never know, you may become smarter!
D．Without a phone at hand I was more productive.
E．Reading everyday made me feel a lot more special.
F．I’m a lot more careful about how much I use it now.
G．Another day I was in a new city and I asked people for directions.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者通过度过没有智能手机的一周，体会到了生活的简单快乐以及工作效率的提高。
36．A根据上文“I promised myself I would use my smartphone less, but it didn’t happen. Then one day my phone died and I had to wait a week for a new one.”可知，作者保证过要少用智能手机，但没有实现，这次手机坏了，要等一周才能拿到新的。由此推知，作者会担心没有智能手机的这周该怎么度过。A项“我能活下来吗？”符合语境。故选A。
37．D根据上文“On the first day in the office without my phone, I was thinking more deeply and concentrating more. I rediscovered my brain!”和下文“Another consequence was that I actually talked to people more and felt more connected to them.”可知，下文提到了另一个结果——与人交往更多。由此推知，空处应承接上文，讲述没有智能手机在工作方面给作者带来的好处。D项“没有手机干扰，我的工作效率更高”符合语境，由于思维集中，工作效率更高。故选D。
38．G根据下文“Their kindness made me feel welcome, and I discovered my brain has very good GPS!(他们的友善让我感到受欢迎，我发现我的大脑有很好的GPS！)”中的GPS推知，空处提到了一群帮作者指路的人。G项“另一天，我在一个新城市，向人们问路”符合语境，下文their指代选项中提到的people。故选G。
39．E根据上文“At the very beginning, I was worried that I would be bored without my phone, but actually I enjoyed it—I’d forgotten how much I love books and newspapers.”可知，没了手机作者可以通过阅读书和报纸来度过。由此推知，空处应陈述和阅读有关的内容。E项“每天读书让我感觉更特别”符合语境，reading呼应上文的books and newspapers。故选E。
40．C空处位于段末，应承接上文。根据上文“So, if you think you use your smartphone too much, put it away for a few days and see what happens.”并结合作者的亲身经历推知，空处承接上文指出不用智能手机会带来意想不到的结果。C项“你永远不知道，(没有手机)你会变得更聪明”符合语境，对上文进行回应。故选C。
4.【2023·江苏省连云港市高考考前模拟考试】
Everyone knows that the choices we make affect our future. Suppose I am an intelligent student with good marks. However, being lazy, I do badly in my examinations. I am refused entry to university and cannot find a good job. The golden future will never be.____36____
However, your choices affect your future in a way that is more complicated.____37____ Your character is displayed through your choices, but it is also formed by them. Whenever you make a choice, your character changes or grows, depending on whether the decision you made is wise or foolish. ____38____ And so, you become the sort of person who will make a certain kind of choice in a certain situation.
____39____ After all, the field of human choice is a narrow one. Most of the things that form us in our lives are not subject to choice. We cannot choose when and where to be born, whether our families will be rich or poor, kind or cruel. We cannot even entirely control who we will meet in our lives. With so much that we cannot choose, how can we be said to be responsible for anything
However, we do have some power of choice, and we do control the most important thing of all: how we respond to circumstances.____40____ It is our key to having confidence in the future. It is human nature to fear the future, as the future is unknown. You cannot entirely control what will happen to you tomorrow. But if you have confidence in your character, then you do know one thing for certain about the future: no matter what happens, you will make a choice that you will be proud of.
A．Some will argue this is not true.
B．All these are from a bad choice!
C．Too many choices can be confusing.
D．This ability to choose how we behave is a great gift.
E．We can choose to keep struggling in hard times, or to give up.
F．Your character is being made by you, bit by bit, choice by choice.
G．This is because nearly all the choices you make affect your character.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了选择的影响以及影响选择的因素。
36．B根据上文“Everyone knows that the choices we make affect our future. Suppose I am an intelligent student with good marks. However, being lazy, I do badly in my examinations. I am refused entry to university and cannot find a good job. The golden future will never be.(每个人都知道我们所做的选择会影响我们的未来。假设我是一个聪明的学生，成绩好。然而，由于懒惰，我在考试中表现很差。我被大学拒之门外，也找不到好工作。美好未来永远不会有)”以及下文陈述对选择对我们的影响推知，空处应引出话题。故B选项“所有这都来自一个坏的选择”符合语境，these指代上文提到的“I do badly in my examinations. I am refused entry to university and cannot find a good job. The golden future will never be”，“a bad choice”指上文的“being lazy”。故选B。
37．F根据上文“However, your choices affect your future in a way that is more complicated.(然而，你的选择以一种更复杂的方式影响着你的未来)”以及后文“Your character is displayed through your choices, but it is also formed by them.(你的性格是通过你的选择展现出来的，但它也是由你的选择形成的)”可知，后文提到了性格会影响选项，本句解释上文“更复杂的方式”指的是性格。故G选项“这是因为你所做的几乎所有选择都会影响你的性格”符合语境，故选G。
38．根据上文“Whenever you make a choice, your character changes or grows, depending on whether the decision you made is wise or foolish.(每当你做出选择时，你的性格就会改变或成长，这取决于你做出的决定是明智的还是愚蠢的)”以及后文“And so, you become the sort of person who will make a certain kind of choice in a certain situation.(因此，你成为了那种在特定情况下会做出特定选择的人)”可知，性格是由选择塑造的。故F选项“你的性格是由你一点一点、一个又一个选择塑造出来的”符合语境，故选F。
39．A根据后文“After all, the field of human choice is a narrow one. Most of the things that form us in our lives are not subject to choice. We cannot choose when and where to be born, whether our families will be rich or poor, kind or cruel. We cannot even entirely control who we will meet in our lives. With so much that we cannot choose, how can we be said to be responsible for anything (毕竟，人类选择的领域是狭窄的。在我们的生活中，构成我们的大多数事情都是无法选择的。我们无法选择出生的时间和地点，无法选择家庭的富裕还是贫穷，无法选择善良还是残酷。我们甚至不能完全控制我们在生活中会遇到谁。有这么多我们无法选择的东西，我们怎么能说对任何事情负责呢？)”可知，事实上人们的选择很小，因此不可能对任何事情负责。由此推知，空处句子指出，有人反对“性格是由选择塑造出来”这个观点。故A选项“有些人会认为这不是真的”符合语境，this指上段提到的“性格是由选择塑造的”。故选A。
40．E根据上文“However, we do have some power of choice, and we do control the most important thing of all: how we respond to circumstances.(然而，我们确实有一些选择的权力，我们确实控制着最重要的事情：我们如何应对环境)”以及后文“It is our key to having confidence in the future. It is human nature to fear the future, as the future is unknown. You cannot entirely control what will happen to you tomorrow. But if you have confidence in your character, then you do know one thing for certain about the future: no matter what happens, you will make a choice that you will be proud of.(这是我们对未来充满信心的关键。害怕未来是人类的天性，因为未来是未知的。你不能完全控制明天会发生什么。但如果你对自己的性格有信心，那么你对未来有一件事是肯定的：无论发生什么，你都会做出一个令你自豪的选择)”可知，本句主要说明我们可以选择的事情：在困难时期，我们可以选择继续奋斗，也可以选择放弃。故E选项“在困难时期，我们可以选择继续奋斗，也可以选择放弃”符合语境，故选E。
5.【2023·河北省唐山市二模】
Perseverance is a unique precondition to success in life. We can prove this fact when we look at the reality of life and the history of man’s success. Perseverance helps us do what we otherwise would consider impossible to do.
____36____ All he has to do is to keep doing and doing without being cast down. Success will come someday or other, though it may apparently be the conception that it cannot be done. ____37____ But the reality is that man’s success depends on whether he can do the toughest tasks successfully. And to succeed in this tough battle perseverance and hard work is a must.
Perseverance is the secret of success. Without it, no great achievement is possible. Even if a person is not very talented, nor highly knowledgeable, still he can succeed in life simply by his perseverance. Every action has its reaction. ____38____ It must yield results. Even a genius can hardly succeed in life without knowing how to use his brain and labor. All the great men in history, Issac Newton, Columbus, Robert Bruce, etc., have written their names in golden letters by means of perseverance. ____39____
If one looks at his own life, he can very well understand that whatever he has so far gained, he has gained it only by his hard labor, and not by chance. Therefore, perseverance must be practiced. ____40____ It helps you achieve many goals in life.
A. So hard labor has no alternative.
B. They have been changing the world.
C. Virtually, there is nothing that man cannot do.
D. In this way, the noble habit becomes a part of one’s life.
E. In human life, the role of perseverance is often ignored.
F. Their success will always remain as perfect examples to us.
G. The task that is easily done at the first attempt is undoubtedly very easy.
【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了努力并坚持到底就会获得成功。
36. C根据上文“Perseverance helps us do what we otherwise would consider impossible to do.”和下文“All he has to do is to keep doing and doing without being cast down. ”可知，这里提到人类只要坚持，什么事情都可以做到。选项C“实际上，没有什么是人类不能做的。”和上下文意思一致。故选C。
37. G根据下文“But the reality is that man’s success depends on whether he can do the toughest tasks successfully. And to succeed in this tough battle perseverance and hard work is a must. ”可知，成功并不是那么容易的。由此推知，空处与下文内容相反，指出第一次尝试就完成的任务是非常容易的。选项G“第一次尝试就很容易完成的任务无疑是非常容易的。”符合语境。故选G。
38. A根据上文“Perseverance is the secret of success. Without it, no great achievement is possible. Even if a person is not very talented, nor highly knowledgeable, still he can succeed in life simply by his perseverance. Every action has its reaction. ”可知，要想成功就要付出努力。选项A“因此，辛勤劳动别无选择。”和上文意思一致。故选A。
39. F 空处位于段末应承接上文。根据上文“All the great men in history, Issac Newton, Columbus, Robert Bruce, etc., have written their names in golden letters by means of perseverance.”可知，即使是伟人，也是经过努力才成功的，他们就是人们努力的榜样。选项F“他们的成功对我们来说将永远是完美的榜样。”符合题意，they指代上文提到的伟人。故选F。
40. D根据上文“If one looks at his own life, he can very well understand that whatever he has so far gained, he has gained it only by his hard labor, and not by chance. Therefore, perseverance must be practiced. ”可知，生活中一直努力并坚持，让它成为一种习惯，最终便能获得成就，选项D“这样，这种高尚的习惯就成为了一个人生活的一部分。”符合题意，the noble habit指“坚持”。故选D。
真题感知
1.2020·新课标Ⅰ
A Few Tips for Self-Acceptance
We all want it to accept and love ourselves. But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach. ___36___ Here’s a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.
●___37___ Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow them Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs Know that your life is your own;you are the only you in this world.
●Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures. ___38___ You will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in how you could have done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate (有同情心) response ＂That didn’t go as planned. But, I tried my best.＂
●Recognize all of your strengths. Write them down in a journal. Begin to train your brain to look at strength before weakness. List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today. ___39___
●Now that you’ve listed your strengths, list your imperfections. Turn the page in your journal. Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don’t feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself. ___40___ Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are
A. Feeling upset again
B. Where do you start
C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D. Remember, you are only human.
E. Set an intention for self-acceptance.
F. Stop comparing yourself with others.
G. When does the comparison game start
【答案】36. B 37. F 38. D 39. C 40. A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个自我接纳的小技巧。
36.根据题目A Few Tips for Self-acceptance及下文的Here's a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.(这有很多可以帮你找到正确方向的方法。)可知，选项B. Where do you start (从哪里开始那？)最合下文语境，故选B项。
37.根据下文Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs Know that your life is your own; you are the only one in this world.(你是否希望最终你会因为自己的生活比他们的好而感到有力量？要知道，你的生活是你自己的；你在这个世界上是独一无二的。)可知，本段主要讲述不要把自己和别人作比较，因为生活是我们自己的，我们也是世界上独一无二的。故F. Stop comparing yourself with others.(停止把自己和别人进行比较。)可以作为本段中心句，故选F项。
38.根据本文的中心句Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. (原谅自己所犯的错误。)及下文的You will make mistakes, time and time again. (你会一次又一次地犯错误。)可知，选项D. Remember, you are only human.(记住，你只是个人。)与上下文衔接最好，故选D项。
39.根据上文List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today.(列出你所有的成就。你有了一份工作，拿到了学位，今天就起床了。)可知，选项C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.(没有什么事是太小而不值得庆祝。)与上文衔接最好，故选C项。
40.结合上文Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don't feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself.(用语言来解释为什么你觉得自己不值得，为什么你觉得自己不够好。现在，自己读一下这些话。)和下文的Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are (翻到你日记本上记下你的有点和成就的那页。看到你有多棒了吗？)可知，选项A. Feeling upset again (再次感觉心烦意乱了吗？)最合上下文语境，故选A项。
2.2020·新课标Ⅱ
Emoji(表情符号) and Workplace Communication
In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both at work and play. ___36___. It’s been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work.
Written communications can often read as cold and dull. Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear. ___37___, encouraging better and more frequent communication.
In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common ground in communication style can be a challenge. ___38___. While the younger generations prefer to communicate visually, for those used to working with traditional tools like email, it may feel like a learning curve(曲线). The good news is that it’s simple to learn and can be worth the effort.
There is also the matter of tone(语气). Who hasn’t received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day ___39___. Emoji can help communication feel friendlier, and even a serious note can be softened with an encouraging smile.
___40___ and emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome. And when your employees begin adding smiling emojis to their business communication, you’ll know you have succeeded in improving your work culture.
A. Message with emojis feel more conversational
B. Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly
C. Sending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strange
D. The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally
E. Giving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestly
F. Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace
G. An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform
【答案】36. D 37. A 38. G 39. B 40. F
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了表情符号以及在工作交流所带来的优势。
36.根据前句“In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both at work and play.(在亚洲，即时通讯平台正在迅速发展，无论是工作还是娱乐，都有数亿用户)”和后句“It's been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work.(据报道，在一些西方国家，76%的员工在工作中使用表情符号)”可知，前后句都说明了即时通讯平台受欢迎程度。所以选择项D. The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally. (这些平台的受欢迎程度正在全球蔓延)符合题意。故选D。
37.根据前句“Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear.(使用表情符号可以增加幽默和感情，保持明确的意图)”和后半句“encouraging better and more frequent communication.(鼓励更好更频繁的交流)”可知，这里陈述使用表情符号的优点。所以选择项A. Messages with Emojis feel more conversational. (使用表情符号的信息让人感觉更健谈)符合题意。故选A。
38.根据前句“In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common ground in communication can be a challenge. (在任何一间办公室，员工年龄从22岁到70岁甚至更大，在交流中找到共同点可能是一项挑战)” 中关键词句“employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond,”与选择项中“all work generations”是一致的。故选G。
39.根据前句“ Who hasn’t received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day (谁没有收到过毁掉了一整天的邮件呢？)”和后文介绍表情的优点，可知，这里陈述电子邮件的缺点。所以选择项B. Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly. (即使是一封正式的电子邮件也会显得冷淡和不友好)故选B。
40.根据后句“and Emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome. (并且表情符号可以直接促成这种积极的结果)”可知，这里陈述表情符号能给工作场所带来的好处。所以选择项F. Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace. (研究表明，更友好的沟通会带来更快乐的工作场所)故选F。
3.2020·新课标Ⅲ
A housewarming party is a special party to be held when someone buys or moves into a new apartment or house. The person who bought the house or moved is the one who throws the panty. The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home. ___36___ And it is good time to fill the new space with love and hopefully presents.
___37___ Some people register a list of things they want or need for their new home at a local or store or stores. Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like curtains. Even if there isn’t a registry, a good housewarming gift is something to decorate the new house with, like a piece of art or a plant.
___38___ This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn’t a lot of food served. There are usually no planned activities like games at a housewarming party. The host or hostess of the party will, however, probably give all the guests a tour of their new home. Sometimes, because a housewarming party happens shortly after a person moves into their new home, people may be asked to help unpack boxes. ___39___
Housewarming parties get their name from the fact that a long time ago people would actually bring firewood to a new home as a gift. ___40___ Now most homes have central heating and don’t use fires to keep warm.
A. This isn’t usual though.
B. It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party.
C. You can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests.
D. If you’re lucky enough to receive gifts, keep them in a safe place.
E. It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like.
F. The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together.
G. This was so that the person could keep their home warm for the winter.
【答案】36. E 37. B 38. C 39. A 40. G
【解析】本文是说明文，介绍了乔迁聚会的目的，礼物的选取，活动安排和名称的由来。
36.上句 The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home.(这个聚会是朋友和家人祝贺新家的机会)。介绍庆祝乔迁之喜的聚会是亲戚朋友祝贺搬新家的人的一次机会，下句 And it is a good time to fill the new space with love and hopefully presents.(现在是时候用爱和希望的礼物来填补新家了)。介绍这也是给新家装满爱和希望礼物的好时机。E项：它也给了人们一次看看新家什么样的机会。与上下句并列，都是庆祝乔迁之喜聚会的目的，故选E。
37.下文Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like curtains.和like a piece of art or a plant. 列举了参加聚会所带礼物的清单，可以是厨房工具、窗帘、艺术品或绿植。这些都和参加聚会带礼物有关，B项：带礼物去参加乔迁派对是一种传统，概括了本段内容，引出下文，故选B。
38.本段介绍了聚会的活动安排，根据后文This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn' t a lot of food served.(这一点通常是值得赞赏的，因为在乔迁派对上不会提供很多食物)。指出因为新搬家，所以主人不会准备太丰盛的食物或太多的活动。那么本句是在建议你可以带上自己的食物或饮料与其他客人分享搬家，所以主人不会准备太丰盛的食物或太多的活动。C项：你也可以带上食物或饮料与其他客人分享。故选C。
39.本段提到在乔迁聚会上人们会聚餐，主人带领客人参观新家。上句提到，由于乔迁聚会是在搬进新家后不久举行的，人们可能会被要求帮助打开箱子。根据常识可知在乔迁聚会上让客人们帮忙干活是不常见的，A项：但这并不常见。表达了此意，与上文衔接，故选A。
40.上句介绍了乔迁聚会名称的由来，根据bring firewood to a new home as a gift.可知人们会带柴火作为礼物，那么本空承接上文说明了带柴火的目的和作用。G项：这样人们就可以在冬天的时候保持家里温暖。符合语境。故选G。
4.2020年山东卷
Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking.___16___Do you want to be a good public speaker Here are some principles you must master.
People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable. Too often when you stand up to give a speech, you focus on the “public”at the expense of the”speaking. “ ___17___ Focus on the speaking. Talk directly to your audience, be yourself and make a connection.
Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the only one who cares about any mistake is the one who is speaking. People’s attention wanders constantly. In fact,most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speaker’s message. So, don’t stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it’s a truly serious one.___18___
Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker.___19___And like everything else in life, that takes practice. Remember, even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent basis.
___20___It’s rare to hear someone say, “I wish that speaker had spoken longer. “On the other hand, you probably can’t count the times that you’ve thought, “I’m glad that talk is over. It seemed to go on forever! “So surprise your audience. Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated. It’s better to leave your listeners wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end.
A. Do the opposite.
B. You want to be an effective public speaker.
C. You don’ t need to apologize for a minor slip.
D. When it comes to public speaking, less is usually more.
E. The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience
F. Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners
G. However, the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be.
【答案】16. G 17. A 18. C 19. B 20. D
【解析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了成为好的演讲者需要掌握的一些原则。
16.本文主题是介绍成为好的演讲者要掌握的一些原则。上句提到有些人生来就有演讲的天赋。G项:然而，大多数人之所以能成为有影响的演讲者，是因为他们受过训练。与上句转折，引出本文主题--演讲者要训练。故选G。
17.下句Focus on the speaking.是本段主题，建议演讲者把注意力集中在演讲上。上句提到一种常见现象，当站起来发表演讲时，演讲者往往会把注意力放在”公众”上，而不是”演讲”上。这是错误的做法，A项Do the opposite.承上启下，说明了上句做法的错误，引出了下句正确的做法。故选A。
18.本段提到即使成功的演讲者也会犯错误，观众不会太在意你的错误。上句建议当出错时不要停止演讲，除非是非常严重的错误。C项:你不需要为一个小失误道歉。与上句承接，是对待演讲出错的方法。故选C。
19.本段是说明练习的重要性。上句提到你的目标不是成为一个完美的演说家，下句应该说明目标是什么。B. You want to be an effective public speaker.与上句衔接，是我们演讲的真正目的。故选B。
20.下文提到观众并不是认为演讲越长越好，根据 Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated.可知，作者建议让演讲比预期的短一点，给观众更多的期待胜过让他们坐立不安地等待演讲结束。D项:公开演讲时，通常少就是多。说明了演讲时，多和少的辩证关系。故选D。
5.2020年6月浙江卷
I experienced years of loneliness as a child. ___31___ His friends teased him about babysitting his sister and his interests were far different from mine. With no other kids of my age in the neighborhood, I had to spend hours by myself.
A bright spot for me turned out to be reading. My love of the written word began early as my mother read to me every evening. ___32___ I started reading books on my own before age 5 and my mother took me to the public library once a week to borrow several books. I quickly graduated from typical children’s books to ones with fewer pictures and longer chapters. Reading opened new worlds to me. ___33___
My mother also encouraged me to make what I wanted. I tried making toy cars with cardboard boxes and constructing buildings from leftover cardboard and bits of wood my father gave me. When my mother saw my creations, she told me how creative my designs were. ___34___ I learned a lot about how to extend the life of objects and transform them into something new and useful. It was a trait(特点) others found helpful, and I soon had friends who wanted to make things with me.
___35___My parents made it a point for their two kids to spend time outside, no matter the weather or season. My brother, of course, raced off to be with his friends, while I had plenty to do myself. There was making leaf houses in autumn, ice skating in winter, and so much more. They’re all memories I treasure today.
A. I wasn't alone any longer.
B. I enjoyed reading stories aloud.
C. I was invited to play with another kid.
D. I loved the colorful photographs in the books.
E. Another habit I formed early was being outdoors.
F. Thus, I began my lifelong interest in making things.
G. My older brother couldn’t be bothered to play with me.
【答案】31. G 32. D 33. A 34. F 35. E
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者养成几个生活习惯的原因。
31.设空在段中，应是承前启后句。根据后文“His friends teased him about babysitting his sister and his interests were far different from mine”可知，设空句应提及“his”的身份，即G项中的“My elder brother”，且G项“我哥哥懒得和我一起玩”在此起到了承上启下的作用。故选G项。故选G项。
32.根据前句提到“我对文字的爱始于母亲每天晚上给我读故事的时候”可知，D项“我喜欢书中的彩色照片”和上句构成进一步说明。同时D项中的“书”指代上句提到的母亲每天给我读故事的书。D项切题。故选D项。
33.根据前句提到“阅读为我打开了新世界”可知，A项“我不在孤独”和上句构成了因果关系。A项切题。故选A项。
34.根据前句“当我的母亲看到我的创作时，她说我的设计很有创意”可知，F项“于是，我开始对制造东西产生了长久的兴趣”和上句构成因果关系，我正是在听了母亲那句话后才开始了对制造东西产生兴趣。F项切题。故选F项。
35.根据后句“无论天气或季节，我的父母都要让他们的两个孩子花时间在户外”可知，E项“我很早养成的另一个习惯是去户外”和前句表示因果逻辑。作者有去户外的习惯是因为后句提到的父母的影响。E项切题。故选E项。
6.2020年1月浙江卷
Let's take a minute to think about the water we use. The human body is 60% water and we need to drink lots of water to be healthy. When we are thirsty we just go to the kitchen and fill a glass with clean water.
___31___For example, farmers, who produce the food we eat, use water to make the plants grow. When we turn on a light or switch on a TV or a computer we use energy and we need water to produce this energy.
The truth is that we are lucky enough to have clean water whenever we want，but this is not the case for many people around the world.___32___That's around one in 10 people in the world. If we drink dirty water，we can catch diseases from the bacteria and become ill. Every year over 500，000 children die from diarrhea(腹泻)from dirty water. That's around 1，400 children every day！Also，in some countries children walk many kilometres every day to get water.___33___Therefore，they don't have time to learn how to read or write and don't get an education.
___34___On this day every year，countries around the world hold events to educate people about the problems of dirty water and that clean water is something that everyone should have around the world. At one school in the UK，children between the ages of 10 and 15 walk 6km with six litres of water.___35___People give them money to do this and all the money helps get clean water to as many people as possible around the world.
A. We use water indirectly too.
B. Every system in our body depends on water to function.
C. It is to inspire people to learn more about water-related problems
D. If children walk many hours a day to get water，they can't go to school.
E. Did you know that around 750 million people do not have clean water to drink？
F. In 1993 the United Nations decided that March 22nd is the World Day for Water.
G. In this way，they know how it feels to walk a long distance carrying heavy bottles.
【答案】31. A 32. E 33. D 34. F 35. G
【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了水是我们生活中非常重要的能源，而世界上很多人并不像我们这样幸运能喝到干净的水。世界上大约有7.5亿人没有干净的水喝，每年有50多万儿童死于脏水引起的腹泻。就此联合国决定3月22日为世界水日，并在当天举办活动来教育人们关于脏水的问题，让人们知道清洁的水是全世界每个人都应该拥有的。
【31题详解】
根据下文For example, farmers, who produce the food we eat, use water to make the plants grow. When we turn on a light or switch on a TV or a computer we use energy and we need water to produce this energy.（例如，生产我们吃的食物的农民，使用水使植物生长。当我们打开电灯或电视或电脑的开关时，我们使用能源，我们需要水来产生这种能源）可知下文是在列举人们间接使用水的例子，故A选项“我们也间接地用水。”符合上下文语境，故选A。
【32题详解】
根据下文That's around one in 10 people in the world.（那大约是世界上十分之一的人）可推知本句为说明世界上没有干净水喝的人数。故E选项“你知道大约有7.5亿人没有干净的水喝吗 ”符合上下文语境，故选E。
【33题详解】
根据上文Also，in some countries children walk many kilometres every day to get water.（而且，在一些国家，孩子们每天要走很多公里去取水）中walk many kilometres every day to get water可对应到D选项中walk many hours a day to get water，故D选项“如果孩子们每天走很多小时去取水，他们就不能去上学。”符合上下文语境，故选D。
【34题详解】
结合下文On this day every year，countries around the world hold events to educate people about the problems of dirty water and that clean water is something that everyone should have around the world.（每年的这一天，世界各国都会举办各种活动，让人们了解脏水的问题，让他们知道清洁的水是全世界每个人都应该拥有的）是在说明世界水日当天的活动，故可知本句为说明世界水日的设立时间，故F选项“1993年，联合国决定3月22日为世界水日。”符合上下文语境，故选F。
【35题详解】
根据前文At one school in the UK，children between the ages of 10 and 15 walk 6km with six litres of water.（在英国的一所学校，10到15岁的孩子负重6升水来步行6公里）可推知本句承接上文继续说明这一做法的意义是让孩子们了解带着沉重的瓶子走很长的距离是什么感觉。故G选项“通过这种方式，他们知道带着沉重的瓶子走很长的距离是什么感觉。”符合上下文语境，故选G。
7.2020年北京卷
Many people think that positive thinking is mostly about keeping one's head in the sand and ignoring daily problems, trying to look optimistic. In reality it has more to do with the way an individual talks to himself. Self-talk is a constant stream of thoughts of a person, who is often unaware and uncertain of some events, phenomena, people, or even the person himself.____46____Meanwhile, positive thinking can help to stop negative self-talks and start to form a positive view on an issue. People who regularly practise positive thinking tend to solve problems more effectively. They are less exposed to stress caused by external factors. They tend to believe in themselves and in what they do.
____47____People who think positively demonstrate increased life spans, lower rates of depression and anxiety, better physical and psychological health, reduced risks of death from heart problems. Positive thinking also contributes to one's ability to deal with problems and hardships.____48____For example, researchers have found that in the case of a crisis accompanied by strong emotions, such as a natural disaster, positive thinking can provide a sort of buffer against depression and anxiety. Resilient people who think positively tend to treat every problem as a challenge, a chance for improvement of any kind, or as an opportunity for personal growth. Pessimists, on the contrary, tend to perceive problems as a source of additional stress.____49____
In conclusion, positive thinking is a powerful and effective tool for dealing with hard times and improving the quality of one's life. It doesn't have anything to do with ignorant optimism when an individual refuses to notice a problem.____50____
Thinking in a positive, self-encouraging way brings about many benefits to one's physical and mental health.
A. It doesn't cause any severe emotional discomfort, either.
B. Negative self-talk damages self-confidence and decreases self-respect.
C. It helps one to remain clear-headed and confident in difficult situations.
D. Positive thinking has several beneficial effects on the body and the mind.
E. As thinking changes, an individual's behaviour and habits change as well.
F. They often offer a real alternative to the common and regular way of thinking.
G. They often feel discouraged long before trying to solve the problem, even if small.
【答案】46. B 47. D 48. C 49. G 50. A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了积极思考对人产生的各种益处，同时将积极思考者与悲观主义者相比较，分析两种人的差异。积极思维是应对困难时期和提高个人生活质量的强大而有效的工具。
【46题详解】
根据上文“Self-talk is a constant stream of thoughts of a person, who is often unaware and uncertain of some events, phenomena, people, or even the person himself.(自我对话是一个人持续不断的想法，他常常对一些事件、现象、人，甚至是他自己都没有意识和不确定)”以及后文“Meanwhile, positive thinking can help to stop negative self-talks and start to form a positive view on an issue.(同时，积极的思考可以帮助停止消极的自我对话，开始形成对一个问题的积极的观点)”由此可知，上文对自我对话进行了定义，后文则提到了积极的思考可以有助于停止消极的自我对话，可知本句是在说明消极的自我对话对人的不良影响。后文中negative self-talks可对应到B选项中Negative self-talk。故B选项“消极的自言自语会损害自信，降低自尊”符合语境，故选B。
【47题详解】
根据后文“People who think positively demonstrate increased life spans, lower rates of depression and anxiety, better physical and psychological health, reduced risks of death from heart problems. Positive thinking also contributes to one's ability to deal with problems and hardships.(积极思考的人寿命更长，抑郁和焦虑率更低，身心更健康，死于心脏问题的风险更低。积极的思考也有助于一个人处理问题和困难的能力)”由此可知，后文提到了积极思考对人的益处，后文中People who think positively以及Positive thinking可对应到D选项中Positive thinking。故D选项“积极思考对身心有几个有益的影响”符合语境，故选D。
【48题详解】
根据后文“For example, researchers have found that in the case of a crisis accompanied by strong emotions, such as a natural disaster, positive thinking can provide a sort of buffer against depression and anxiety.(例如，研究人员发现，当危机伴随着强烈的情绪时，比如自然灾害，积极的思考可以为抑郁和焦虑提供一种缓冲)”可知，后文举出的例子说明了积极思考可以让一个人在面临危机时，保持冷静。故C选项“它帮助一个人在困难的情况下保持头脑清醒和自信”符合语境，故选C。
【49题详解】
根据上文“Resilient people who think positively tend to treat every problem as a challenge, a chance for improvement of any kind, or as an opportunity for personal growth. Pessimists, on the contrary, tend to perceive problems as a source of additional stress.(积极思考的、有韧性的人倾向于把每一个问题都看作是一个挑战，一个改进的机会，或者一个个人成长的机会。相反，悲考点3 阅读七选五
阅读七选五之利用位置关系解题（核心考点精讲精练）
根据段首位置线索解题
1．主旨句：常以段落小标题或段落主题句的形式出现。
2．段落过渡句：空处的答案能够将上一段和下一段的内容连贯起来。
段首设空题解题指导：
①段落标题句：观察其他段落标题的表达形式；段落标题的特点：短小精悍，以祈使句或短语为主；阅读段落内容提炼中心词，留言体现主旨的原词、同源词、同义词、近义词或反义词。
②段落主题句：认真阅读下文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关词，推断主题句。
③段落间的过渡句：瞻前顾后找线索，正确答案应连贯上一段结尾和下一段内容。
【典例1】（2023年新高考II卷）
·___19___ Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈) is crucial to growth. I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic ability.
A. Get out of your comfort zone.
B. Make career plans and set goals.
C. Don’t throw away your beginner art.
D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so.
E. You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times.
F. Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role.
G. You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition.
【典例2】 (2022·全国乙卷·节选)
· 39
Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships.Although technology might make day-to-day communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on special days.Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends' birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you.
A．Remember important dates
B．Compensate by writing letters
C．It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D．Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E．Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F．It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G．You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
【典例3】 (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷·节选)
Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight. 38.The food is so delicious that you don't need much of it to make you happy.French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.
39 On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries. I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon. My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18!
In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency (效率)．You can tell this by café life. French cafés are always crowded. 40. Not all the customers are tourists.When do these people work The French take their 35-hour workweek seriously — so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call.
B．The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C．There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D．The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E．That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F．Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
1.【2023·安徽省皖江联盟高三最后一卷联考】
Every day, a sea of decisions stretches before us. It’s impossible to make a perfect choice every time. But there is one particularly effective technique to improve our chances: critical thinking.
Prepare your question.
____36____For example, if you’re wondering whether to go for fitness, there are many factors that will cloud your reasons. But, if you know clearly what you can get by body-shaping, that’ll help you decide whether it really suits your needs.
A．Explore other points of view.
B．Apply the information collected.
C．In other words, get to know what you’re looking for.
D．Then what about the long-term environmental effects
E．But it can help us increase the number of positive choices we make.
F．Therefore, ask yourself about what interests you most and what is needed.
G．It helps you weigh different options, moving you closer to a wiser decision.
2.【2023·安徽省皖江联盟高三最后一卷联考】
____39____
Ask yourself why so many people are drawn to countless travel trips or destinations. Even if you disagree with everything that travel agencies say, exploring the viewpoints might explain why some routes that don’t seem valid to you appeal to others. This will allow you to explore alternatives, evaluate your own choices, and ultimately help you make more informed decisions.
A．Explore other points of view.
B．Apply the information collected.
C．In other words, get to know what you’re looking for.
D．Then what about the long-term environmental effects
E．But it can help us increase the number of positive choices we make.
F．Therefore, ask yourself about what interests you most and what is needed.
G．It helps you weigh different options, moving you closer to a wiser decision.
3.（2023·辽宁省沈阳市二中模拟试题）
___
It’s easy to give in when your children are losing their tempers. But each time you give them what they want, you teach your children that their unacceptable acts are an effective way to get their needs met. If you want to raise mentally strong kids, stick to your limits.
A．Giving in to misbehavior
B．Keeping to your principles
C．Teach them not to give up dreams easily
D．Kids tend to have a wide variety of emotions
E．Therefore, set limits on what you give your children
F．You may think it’s cute to spend more money on your children
G．They are also more likely to struggle with self- confidence issues
二、段中设空题
段中设空题通常考查过渡句和细节句。段中句若位于主题句后，很可能是说明原因、举例证明、分述细化主题、解释前面句中的某个概念等；位于段落中间可能起衔接作用。要重点阅读空前一句和空后一句，找出它们之间的逻辑关系，或者根据意义的连贯性得出答案。解题时要特别注意体现时间、原因、方式、转折等逻辑关系的语篇标志词(关联词)。
段中设空题：
①细节句：设空位于段中，首先阅读选项并画出关键词；然后重点阅读设空处的前一句和后一句，画出关键词，找出它们之间的逻辑关系或根据意义的连贯性得出答案；阅读各个选项，标记关键词；比较匹配关键词，确定答案；利用词汇复现找到答案；利用表并列、转折、递进和因果的关系的关联词找到答案。
②过渡句：阅读空处前后内容，挖掘内在的逻辑关系；阅读各个选项，标记表示转折、并列、递进或因果关系的关联词；注意词汇复现：同源词、同义词、近义词或反义词复现，不同时态形式的动词等。
【典例1】（2023年新高考I卷）You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. ____19____ That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.
A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
【典例2】 (2022·全国甲卷·节选)
Important Things to Know When Dining Out
Cultural dining etiquette (礼节) might surprise you with some of its important rules.36.Don't get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant. Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the world.
In India and the Middle East, it's considered very rude to eat with your left hand.People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. 38 ， instead preferring to use their hands.In Chile, you may never touch any food with your fingers.People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons.
A．The more friends you make in your lifetime
B．The more time you spend in any given country
C．Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
E．It's a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
（2023·吉林省长春吉大附中实验学校模拟试题）
Don’t watch or read scary content before bed.
Images-from any exciting or disturbing content you watch before bed can appear in your dreams. 164 Reading the news media and then hopping into bed is more likely to give rise to upsetting dreams than looking through pictures from your last vacation with your family.
A．Use a white noise machine.
B．Practice stress-relieving activities.
C．A healthy sleep routine begets sound sleep.
D．Instead, try herbal teas and other drinks aiding sleep.
E．How can we reduce nightmares and improve our sleep
F．During the pandemic, even our everyday lives are looking pretty scary, too.
G．Dreams and rapid eye movement sleep is essential for memory improvement.
三、段尾设空题
1．细节句：①与上文是转折或对比关系；②与上文是并列或递进关系。
2．总结句：用于总结本段内容，常含有总结性的词语，如therefore、 as a result、 thus、 to sum up、 to conclude、 in a word等。
3．段落过渡句：此空处的答案能够将上段和下段的内容连贯起来。
段尾设空的题多为总结本段内容，偶有起承上启下的作用。即要么是结论句，要么就是承上启下句。
题型和考查角度：
①结论句：用于总结本段内容，常含有总结性的词语。
②承上启下句：此空处的答案能够将上段和下段的内容连贯起来。
③细节句：空前一句或两句是重点语句，应该重点阅读；锁定空前重点语句中的高频词汇和体现逻辑关系的关联词；寻找选项中是否有表逻辑关系的关联词；寻找选项中是否有与上文相同或相似的句式结构。
④过渡句：瞻前顾后找线索；阅读上一段的结尾，结合下一段的开头，留意衔接词和关键词；注意所选答案是否衔接上下段内容；阅读空前段落内容，抓住主旨，总结空前的内容，并利用词汇复现等技巧选出正确答案。
【典例1】 (2021·1月浙江高考·节选)
You run into the grocery store to pick up one bottle of water.You get what you need, head to the front, and choose the line that looks fastest.
You chose wrong.People who you swear got in other lines long after you are already checked out and off to the parking lot. 31
It turns out, it's just math working against you；chances are, the other line really is faster.
A．Why does this always seem to happen to you
B．So why don't most places encourage serpentine lines
C．Some of them may have stood in a queue for almost an hour.
D．The chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three.
E．How high is the probability that you are in the fastest waiting line
F．With three registers, this method is much faster than the traditional approach.
G．But sometimes, as on a Sunday afternoon, the system gets particularly busy.
【典例2】 (2020·全国Ⅰ卷·节选)
·Recognize all of your strengths.Write them down in a journal.Begin to train your brain to look at strength before weakness.List all of your accomplishments and achievements.You have a job，earned your degree，and you got out of bed today. 39
A．Feeling upset again
B．Where do you start
C．Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D．Remember, you are only human.
E．Set an intention for self-acceptance.
F．Stop comparing yourself with others.
G．When does the comparison game start
【2023·安徽省皖江联盟高三最后一卷联考】
Gather your information.
There’s lots of it out there, so having a clear idea of your question will help you determine what’s relevant. If you’re trying to decide on a diet to improve your nutrition, you may ask an expert for their advice, or seek other people’s opinions.____37____
A．Explore other points of view.
B．Apply the information collected.
C．In other words, get to know what you’re looking for.
D．Then what about the long-term environmental effects
E．But it can help us increase the number of positive choices we make.
F．Therefore, ask yourself about what interests you most and what is needed.
G．It helps you weigh different options, moving you closer to a wiser decision.
基础过关
（最新模拟试题演练）
1.【2023·辽宁省抚顺市普通高中第一次模拟】
Patience is a virtue, but it can also be a medicine. People who know how to practice patience enjoy fewer negative emotions, feel less depressed, and are more satisfied with their lives. ___36___ That’s why we’re bringing you this guide to some tips for improving your patience.
Take Up a Patience-Centric Sport
Practicing patience doesn’t have to be all hard work. You can make it fun with a sport that rewards you for perseverance(毅力). Playing sports that encourage waiting can be particularly helpful for building life hardship patience. ___37___ Hunting is another activity many people enjoy, and this sport definitely requires perseverance.
Keep a Journal
___38___ You could use creative writing or calendar journaling to help boost your patience. Learning patience can be a long journey and you may get discouraged. Having a record of how far you’ve come can keep you focused and motivated.
___39___
Humans are social creatures. Having a trusted friend, partner, family member, or coworker we can turn to when our impatience gets the best of us can help us feel better. We should try to use our support system to brainstorm how we can make things better.
Take a Break
What do you do if time management doesn’t make you feel in any less of a rush Sometimes, feeling like you’re always in a hurry and impatient means you need a break. Hurry sickness is a non-life-threatening condition people can develop when they go non-stop. ___40___
A．If you don’t take a break when you need one, hurry sickness could develop into burn out.
B．Fishing, golf, and baseball are fun sports that require patience.
C．Seek Out Support
D．Acknowledge Your Feelings
E．Further, patient people may also benefit from a range of health advantages, such as better sleep and fewer headaches.
F．These are not the types of personalities teachers would want to project when dealing with children, parents, and even coworkers.
G．Writing forces us to slow down our thoughts, and that’s why journaling is useful.
2.【2023·湖南省岳阳市教学质量检测（二）】
Your Brain Was Made For Walking
If a president, a legendary philosopher, and one of the bestselling authors of all time credited the same secret for their success, would you try to follow it too What if the secret was something you already knew how to do ___36___.
Get walking! It’s not just some people who made a case for it as a prime creativity booster. ___37___ A Stanford University study found that participants were 81 percent more creative when walking as opposed to sitting. According to the study, walking outside—versus on a treadmill—produces the most novel and highest quality analogies in participants who walked and then sat down to do creative work.
The movement aspect of walking is obviously key. You’ve probably heard the phrase “Exercise your creativity”, which refers to the brain as muscle. Our creative mindset is stimulated by physical movement. ___38___
But the scenery is almost as important as the sweat. The National Human Activity Pattern Survey reveals that Americans spend 87 percent of their time indoors. Being inside, you’re more likely to stagnation(停滞), the antithesis of energy. ___39___ Just by going outside, you are stepping out of your habitual surroundings and your comfort zone, which is necessary if you want to open your mind to new possibilities.
___40___ Engage more closely with your surroundings for the next four weeks. Turn off your phone and give yourself the chance to be present in the world, to hear conversations and natural sounds, to notice the way people move. Walk not just for exercise. Walk for wonder.
A．In fact, you probably do it every day.
B．Physical movement is unintentional.
C．Without energy, you can’t wonder or create.
D．So why not set a creativity goal that starts with walking
E．That is why walking- with a friend, or alone feeds creative thinking.
F．Researchers have traced connections between walking and generating ideas.
G．Disconnecting from multimedia increases performance on all problem-solving tasks.
3.【2023·第八届湖北省高三4月调研】
When I read that we spend almost three hours every day checking our smartphones, I was shocked. What was I missing in the real world when walking down the street, lost in a virtual world of social media updates and videos of dogs on bicycles I promised myself I would use my smartphone less, but it didn’t happen. Then one day my phone died and I had to wait a week for a new one.____36____I thought it would be hard, but in fact it was quite easy—and surprising in a good way for a number of reasons!
The first consequence was quite amazing—On the first day in the office without my phone, I was thinking more deeply and concentrating more. I rediscovered my brain!____37____Another consequence was that I actually talked to people more and felt more connected to them. I realized I was being more responsive to their news and sympathetic to their problems because I wasn’t constantly checking my phone. ____38____Their kindness made me feel welcome, and I discovered my brain has very good GPS!
At the very beginning, I was worried that I would be bored without my phone, but actually I enjoyed it—I’d forgotten how much I love books and newspapers.____39____And I also sensed that I slept so much better and felt more awake in the morning.
At times it was inconvenient to have no mobile internet connection, but all in all, there were a lot of benefits from not being connected 24/7. So, if you think you use your smartphone too much, put it away for a few days and see what happens.____40____
A．Would I survive
B．What’s the problem
C．You never know, you may become smarter!
D．Without a phone at hand I was more productive.
E．Reading everyday made me feel a lot more special.
F．I’m a lot more careful about how much I use it now.
G．Another day I was in a new city and I asked people for directions.
4.【2023·江苏省连云港市高考考前模拟考试】
Everyone knows that the choices we make affect our future. Suppose I am an intelligent student with good marks. However, being lazy, I do badly in my examinations. I am refused entry to university and cannot find a good job. The golden future will never be.____36____
However, your choices affect your future in a way that is more complicated.____37____ Your character is displayed through your choices, but it is also formed by them. Whenever you make a choice, your character changes or grows, depending on whether the decision you made is wise or foolish. ____38____ And so, you become the sort of person who will make a certain kind of choice in a certain situation.
____39____ After all, the field of human choice is a narrow one. Most of the things that form us in our lives are not subject to choice. We cannot choose when and where to be born, whether our families will be rich or poor, kind or cruel. We cannot even entirely control who we will meet in our lives. With so much that we cannot choose, how can we be said to be responsible for anything
However, we do have some power of choice, and we do control the most important thing of all: how we respond to circumstances.____40____ It is our key to having confidence in the future. It is human nature to fear the future, as the future is unknown. You cannot entirely control what will happen to you tomorrow. But if you have confidence in your character, then you do know one thing for certain about the future: no matter what happens, you will make a choice that you will be proud of.
A．Some will argue this is not true.
B．All these are from a bad choice!
C．Too many choices can be confusing.
D．This ability to choose how we behave is a great gift.
E．We can choose to keep struggling in hard times, or to give up.
F．Your character is being made by you, bit by bit, choice by choice.
G．This is because nearly all the choices you make affect your character.
5.【2023·河北省唐山市二模】
Perseverance is a unique precondition to success in life. We can prove this fact when we look at the reality of life and the history of man’s success. Perseverance helps us do what we otherwise would consider impossible to do.
____36____ All he has to do is to keep doing and doing without being cast down. Success will come someday or other, though it may apparently be the conception that it cannot be done. ____37____ But the reality is that man’s success depends on whether he can do the toughest tasks successfully. And to succeed in this tough battle perseverance and hard work is a must.
Perseverance is the secret of success. Without it, no great achievement is possible. Even if a person is not very talented, nor highly knowledgeable, still he can succeed in life simply by his perseverance. Every action has its reaction. ____38____ It must yield results. Even a genius can hardly succeed in life without knowing how to use his brain and labor. All the great men in history, Issac Newton, Columbus, Robert Bruce, etc., have written their names in golden letters by means of perseverance. ____39____
If one looks at his own life, he can very well understand that whatever he has so far gained, he has gained it only by his hard labor, and not by chance. Therefore, perseverance must be practiced. ____40____ It helps you achieve many goals in life.
A. So hard labor has no alternative.
B. They have been changing the world.
C. Virtually, there is nothing that man cannot do.
D. In this way, the noble habit becomes a part of one’s life.
E. In human life, the role of perseverance is often ignored.
F. Their success will always remain as perfect examples to us.
G. The task that is easily done at the first attempt is undoubtedly very easy.
真题感知
1.2020·新课标Ⅰ
A Few Tips for Self-Acceptance
We all want it to accept and love ourselves. But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach. ___36___ Here’s a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.
●___37___ Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow them Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs Know that your life is your own;you are the only you in this world.
●Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures. ___38___ You will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in how you could have done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate (有同情心) response ＂That didn’t go as planned. But, I tried my best.＂
●Recognize all of your strengths. Write them down in a journal. Begin to train your brain to look at strength before weakness. List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today. ___39___
●Now that you’ve listed your strengths, list your imperfections. Turn the page in your journal. Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don’t feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself. ___40___ Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are
A. Feeling upset again
B. Where do you start
C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D. Remember, you are only human.
E. Set an intention for self-acceptance.
F. Stop comparing yourself with others.
G. When does the comparison game start
2.2020·新课标Ⅱ
Emoji(表情符号) and Workplace Communication
In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both at work and play. ___36___. It’s been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work.
Written communications can often read as cold and dull. Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear. ___37___, encouraging better and more frequent communication.
In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common ground in communication style can be a challenge. ___38___. While the younger generations prefer to communicate visually, for those used to working with traditional tools like email, it may feel like a learning curve(曲线). The good news is that it’s simple to learn and can be worth the effort.
There is also the matter of tone(语气). Who hasn’t received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day ___39___. Emoji can help communication feel friendlier, and even a serious note can be softened with an encouraging smile.
___40___ and emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome. And when your employees begin adding smiling emojis to their business communication, you’ll know you have succeeded in improving your work culture.
A. Message with emojis feel more conversational
B. Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly
C. Sending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strange
D. The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally
E. Giving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestly
F. Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace
G. An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform
3.2020·新课标Ⅲ
A housewarming party is a special party to be held when someone buys or moves into a new apartment or house. The person who bought the house or moved is the one who throws the panty. The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home. ___36___ And it is good time to fill the new space with love and hopefully presents.
___37___ Some people register a list of things they want or need for their new home at a local or store or stores. Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like curtains. Even if there isn’t a registry, a good housewarming gift is something to decorate the new house with, like a piece of art or a plant.
___38___ This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn’t a lot of food served. There are usually no planned activities like games at a housewarming party. The host or hostess of the party will, however, probably give all the guests a tour of their new home. Sometimes, because a housewarming party happens shortly after a person moves into their new home, people may be asked to help unpack boxes. ___39___
Housewarming parties get their name from the fact that a long time ago people would actually bring firewood to a new home as a gift. ___40___ Now most homes have central heating and don’t use fires to keep warm.
A. This isn’t usual though.
B. It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party.
C. You can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests.
D. If you’re lucky enough to receive gifts, keep them in a safe place.
E. It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like.
F. The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together.
G. This was so that the person could keep their home warm for the winter.
4.2020年山东卷
Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking.___16___Do you want to be a good public speaker Here are some principles you must master.
People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable. Too often when you stand up to give a speech, you focus on the “public”at the expense of the”speaking. “ ___17___ Focus on the speaking. Talk directly to your audience, be yourself and make a connection.
Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the only one who cares about any mistake is the one who is speaking. People’s attention wanders constantly. In fact,most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speaker’s message. So, don’t stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it’s a truly serious one.___18___
Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker.___19___And like everything else in life, that takes practice. Remember, even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent basis.
___20___It’s rare to hear someone say, “I wish that speaker had spoken longer. “On the other hand, you probably can’t count the times that you’ve thought, “I’m glad that talk is over. It seemed to go on forever! “So surprise your audience. Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated. It’s better to leave your listeners wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end.
A. Do the opposite.
B. You want to be an effective public speaker.
C. You don’ t need to apologize for a minor slip.
D. When it comes to public speaking, less is usually more.
E. The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience
F. Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners
G. However, the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be.
5.2020年6月浙江卷
I experienced years of loneliness as a child. ___31___ His friends teased him about babysitting his sister and his interests were far different from mine. With no other kids of my age in the neighborhood, I had to spend hours by myself.
A bright spot for me turned out to be reading. My love of the written word began early as my mother read to me every evening. ___32___ I started reading books on my own before age 5 and my mother took me to the public library once a week to borrow several books. I quickly graduated from typical children’s books to ones with fewer pictures and longer chapters. Reading opened new worlds to me. ___33___
My mother also encouraged me to make what I wanted. I tried making toy cars with cardboard boxes and constructing buildings from leftover cardboard and bits of wood my father gave me. When my mother saw my creations, she told me how creative my designs were. ___34___ I learned a lot about how to extend the life of objects and transform them into something new and useful. It was a trait(特点) others found helpful, and I soon had friends who wanted to make things with me.
___35___My parents made it a point for their two kids to spend time outside, no matter the weather or season. My brother, of course, raced off to be with his friends, while I had plenty to do myself. There was making leaf houses in autumn, ice skating in winter, and so much more. They’re all memories I treasure today.
A. I wasn't alone any longer.
B. I enjoyed reading stories aloud.
C. I was invited to play with another kid.
D. I loved the colorful photographs in the books.
E. Another habit I formed early was being outdoors.
F. Thus, I began my lifelong interest in making things.
G. My older brother couldn’t be bothered to play with me.
6.2020年1月浙江卷
Let's take a minute to think about the water we use. The human body is 60% water and we need to drink lots of water to be healthy. When we are thirsty we just go to the kitchen and fill a glass with clean water.
___31___For example, farmers, who produce the food we eat, use water to make the plants grow. When we turn on a light or switch on a TV or a computer we use energy and we need water to produce this energy.
The truth is that we are lucky enough to have clean water whenever we want，but this is not the case for many people around the world.___32___That's around one in 10 people in the world. If we drink dirty water，we can catch diseases from the bacteria and become ill. Every year over 500，000 children die from diarrhea(腹泻)from dirty water. That's around 1，400 children every day！Also，in some countries children walk many kilometres every day to get water.___33___Therefore，they don't have time to learn how to read or write and don't get an education.
___34___On this day every year，countries around the world hold events to educate people about the problems of dirty water and that clean water is something that everyone should have around the world. At one school in the UK，children between the ages of 10 and 15 walk 6km with six litres of water.___35___People give them money to do this and all the money helps get clean water to as many people as possible around the world.
A. We use water indirectly too.
B. Every system in our body depends on water to function.
C. It is to inspire people to learn more about water-related problems
D. If children walk many hours a day to get water，they can't go to school.
E. Did you know that around 750 million people do not have clean water to drink？
F. In 1993 the United Nations decided that March 22nd is the World Day for Water.
G. In this way，they know how it feels to walk a long distance carrying heavy bottles.
7.2020年北京卷
Many people think that positive thinking is mostly about keeping one's head in the sand and ignoring daily problems, trying to look optimistic. In reality it has more to do with the way an individual talks to himself. Self-talk is a constant stream of thoughts of a person, who is often unaware and uncertain of some events, phenomena, people, or even the person himself.____46____Meanwhile, positive thinking can help to stop negative self-talks and start to form a positive view on an issue. People who regularly practise positive thinking tend to solve problems more effectively. They are less exposed to stress caused by external factors. They tend to believe in themselves and in what they do.
____47____People who think positively demonstrate increased life spans, lower rates of depression and anxiety, better physical and psychological health, reduced risks of death from heart problems. Positive thinking also contributes to one's ability to deal with problems and hardships.____48____For example, researchers have found that in the case of a crisis accompanied by strong emotions, such as a natural disaster, positive thinking can provide a sort of buffer against depression and anxiety. Resilient people who think positively tend to treat every problem as a challenge, a chance for improvement of any kind, or as an opportunity for personal growth. Pessimists, on the contrary, tend to perceive problems as a source of additional stress.____49____
In conclusion, positive thinking is a powerful and effective tool for dealing with hard times and improving the quality of one's life. It doesn't have anything to do with ignorant optimism when an individual refuses to notice a problem.____50____
Thinking in a positive, self-encouraging way brings about many benefits to one's physical and mental health.
A. It doesn't cause any severe emotional discomfort, either.
B. Negative self-talk damages self-confidence and decreases self-respect.
C. It helps one to remain clear-headed and confident in difficult situations.
D. Positive thinking has several beneficial effects on the body and the mind.
E. As thinking changes, an individual's behaviour and habits change as well.
F. They often offer a real alternative to the common and regular way of thinking.
G. They often feel discouraged long before trying to solve the problem, even if small.
8.2019·全国卷I
Is Fresh Air Really Good for You
We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air.” ____36____ According to recent studies，the answer is a big YES，if the air quality in your camping area is good.
___37___ If the air you’re breathing is clean-which it would be if you’re away from the smog of cities-then the air is filled with life-giving，energizing oxygen. If you exercise out of doors，your body will learn to breathe more deeply，allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles(肌肉)and your brain.
Recently，people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing(治愈). _____38_____ In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out that just looking at green，growing things can reduce stress，lower blood pressure，and put people into a better mood(情绪).Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients Who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. ______39______ It gives us a great feeling of peace.
___40___While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin, they also give is beneficial Vitamin D. To make sure you get enough Vitamin D—but still protect your skin— put on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and that's plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day's worth of Vitamin D.
A. Fresh air cleans our lungs.
B. So what are you waiting for
C. Being in nature refreshes us.
D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.
E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said
F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate air with health care.
G. All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.
9.2019·全国卷II
Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question: “Should I jump This is what motivation or the lack of it can do. Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of same coin. ___36___Like the child on the diving board, you will stay undecided.
___37___ More than that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal First, you need to evaluate yourself , your values your strengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires ,etc. Only then should your you’re your goals
You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation. This is quite important, because it is directly related to your commitment. There are times when your heart is not in your work. ___38___ So, slow down and think what you really want to do at that moment. Clarity(清晰)of thoughts can help you move forward.
Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short- and long-term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that goals are flexible.____39____ They also need to be measurable. You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.
Your personal circumstances are equally important. For example, you may want to be a Pilot but can’t become one because your eyesight is not good enough.____40____You should reassess your goals, and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal.
You will surely need to overcome some difficulties, some planned, but most unplanned. You cannot overcome them without ample motivation. Make sure that you plan for these difficulties at the time of setting your goals.
A. This can affect your work.
B. So how should you motivate yourself
C. However, this should not discourage you.
D. So why should we try to set specific goals
E. They can change according to circumstances.
F. Motivation is what you need most to do a good job.
G. Without motivation you can neither set a goal nor reach it
10.2019·全国卷III
In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important. ___36___ While I have only listed two of each, there are obviously many other situations that can arise. Students should be able to extend the logic(逻辑)of each to their particular circumstance.
Do's
___37___ Questions about subject content are generally welcomed. Before asking questions about the course design, read the syllabus(教学大纲)and learning management system information to be sure the answer isn't hiding in plain sight.
Participate in discussion forums(论坛), blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue. ___38___ Be sure to stay on topic and not offer irrelevant information. Make a point, and make it safe for others to do the same.
Don'ts
Don't share personal information or stories. Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends. If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation to the professor. ___39___
Don't openly express annoyance at a professor or class. ___40___ When a student attacks a professor on the social media, the language used actually says more about the student. If there is truly a concern about a professor's professionalism or ability, be sure to use online course evaluations to calmly offer your comments.
A. That's what they are for.
B. Turn to an online instructor for help.
C. If more information is needed, they will ask.
D. Remember that online professors get a lot of emails.
E. Below are some common do's and don' ts for online learners.
F. Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another.
G. Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.
