专题2 阅读理解记叙文、新闻报道（解析版）
全国各地历年高考真题全收录
2023年高考真题
2023新高考全国Ⅰ卷B
When John Todd was a child he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌) Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.
The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.
“Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.”
4. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs
A. He was fond of traveling. B. He enjoyed being alone.
C. He had an inquiring mind. D. He longed to be a doctor.
5. Why did John put the sludge into the tanks
A. To feed the animals. B. To build an ecosystem.
C. To protect the plants. D. To test the eco-machine.
6. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou
A. To review John’s research plans. B. To show an application of John’s idea.
C. To compare John’s different jobs. D. To erase doubts about John’s invention.
7. What is the basis for John’s work
A. Nature can repair itself. B. Organisms need water to survive.
C. Life on Earth is diverse. D. Most tiny creatures live in groups.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了John Todd从小就很爱思考且好学，他建造了一个生态机器，利用自然可以自我修复的原理来净化污水。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making. (当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。例如，一条肮脏的小溪流经植物和微小生物居住的岩石后，往往会变得清澈。长大后，约翰开始思考这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的混乱)”以及第二段“After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌) Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals (在大学学习了农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰又回到了观察自然和提出问题的生活中。为什么某些植物能捕获有害细菌？哪些鱼类会食用致癌化学物质？)”可知，约翰聪颖好学、好奇心很强。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“After a few weeks, John added the sludge. (几个星期后，约翰把污泥加了进去)”以及倒数第三段“He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water. (他对结果感到惊讶。生态机器里的动植物把污泥当成了食物，开始吃了起来！几周之内，它就被消化了，只剩下纯净水)”可知，约翰把污泥放进罐子里是为了测试生态机器。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China. (这些年来，约翰承担了许多重大工作。他开发了一个类似温室的设施，可以处理来自南伯灵顿1600户家庭的污水。他还设计了一种生态机器来清洁中国东南部城市福州的运河水)”可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示约翰想法的应用。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair. (你把生物体放在新的关系中，观察会发生什么。然后让这些新系统自行发展自我修复的方式)”可知，约翰工作的基础是自然可以自我修复。故选A。
2023新高考全国Ⅱ卷B
B
Turning soil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids. And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools. The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles.
Jaramillo’s students live in neighborhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food restaurants outnumber grocery stores. “The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of soft drinks,” she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new.
Urban Sprouts’ classes, at two middle schools and two high schools, include hands-on experiments such as soil testing, flower-and-seed dissection, tastings of fresh or dried produce, and work in the garden. Several times a year, students cook the vegetables they grow, and they occasionally make salads for their entire schools.
Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes. “We have students who say they went home and talked to their parents and now they’re eating differently,” Jaramillo says.
She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,” she says, “and they feel successful.”
4. What do we know about Abby Jaramillo
A. She used to be a health worker. B. She grew up in a low-income family.
C. She owns a fast food restaurant. D. She is an initiator of Urban Sprouts.
5. What was a problem facing Jaramillo at the start of the program
A. The kids’ parents distrusted her. B. Students had little time for her classes.
C. Some kids disliked garden work. D. There was no space for school gardens.
6. Which of the following best describes the impact of the program
A. Far-reaching. B. Predictable.
C. Short-lived. D. Unidentifiable.
7. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Rescuing School Gardens B. Experiencing Country Life
C. Growing Vegetable Lovers D. Changing Local Landscape
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了Abby Jaramillo等老师在低收入学校发起的培养学生科学能力，环保意识以及健康生活方式的Urban Sprouts花园项目，让学生种植蔬菜，对学生影响深远。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools.(起初是这样的，艾比·哈拉米洛说，她和另一位老师在四所低收入学校启动了“Urban Sprouts”学校花园项目。)”可知，艾比·哈拉米洛是Urban Sprouts的发起者。故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new.(她说。“他们来找我们，认为蔬菜很可怕，泥土很可怕，昆虫也很可怕。”虽然有些人一开始害怕昆虫，对泥土感到厌烦，但大多数人都渴望尝试新的东西。)”可知，项目之初，一些学生不喜欢园艺工作。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,” she says, “and they feel successful.”(她补充说，该计划的好处不仅仅是营养。有些学生对园艺非常感兴趣，他们带回家种子开始自己的菜园。此外，在花园里工作似乎对Jaramillo的特殊教育学生有镇静作用，他们中的许多人都有情绪控制问题。“他们走了出去，”她说，“他们觉得成功。”)”可知，这个项目不仅给学生提供了有营养的食物，而且许多学生回家开创了自己的菜园，对有情绪控制问题的学生也起到了镇静作用，从而推知，该项目的影响是深远的。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段的“And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools. The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles.(起初是这样的，艾比·哈拉米洛说，她和另一位老师在四所低收入学校启动了“Urban Sprouts”学校花园项目。该项目旨在帮助学生培养科学技能、环保意识和健康的生活方式。)”和最后一段的“Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens.(一些学生对园艺非常感兴趣，于是他们把种子带回家，开始种自己的菜园)”以及下文内容可知，文章主要讲述了Abby Jaramillo等老师在低收入学校发起的培养学生科学能力，环保意识以及健康生活方式的Urban Sprouts花园项目，让学生种植蔬菜，对学生影响深远。因此推断C项“蔬菜种植爱好者”符合文意，最适合作为本文标题。故选C。
2023全国甲卷B
B
Terri Boltonis a dab hand when it comes to DIY (do-it-yourself). Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture, she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself.
She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd. From the age of six, Terri, now 26, accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays. A day’s work was rewarded with 5 in pocket money. She says: “I’m sure I wasn’t much of a help to start with painting the rooms and putting down the flooring throughout the house. It took weeks and is was backbreaking work, but I know he was proud of my skills.”
Terri, who now rents abhouse with friends in Wandsworth, South West London, says DIY also saves her from losing any deposit when a tenancy (租期) comes to an end. She adds: “I’ve moved house many times and I always like to personalise my room and put up pictures. So, it’s been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when I’ve moved out.”
With millions of people likely to take on DIY projects over that coming weeks, new research shows that more than half of people are planning to make the most of the long, warm summer days to get jobs done. The average spend per project will be around 823. Two thirds of people aim to improve their comfort while at home. Two fifth wish to increase the value of their house. Though DIY has traditionally been seen as male hobby, the research shows it is women now leading the charge.
4. Which is closest in meaning to “a dab hand” in paragraph 1
A. An artist. B. A winner. C. A specialist. D. A pioneer.
5. Why did Terri’s grandfather give her 5 a day
A. For a birthday gift. B. As a treat for her work.
C. To support her DIY projects. D. To encourage her to take up a hobby.
6. How did Terri avoid losing the deposit on the house she rented
A. By making it look like before. B. By furmishing it herself.
C. By splitting the rent with a roommate. D. By cancelling the rental agreement.
7. What trend in DIY does the research show
A. It is becoming more costly. B. It is getting more time-consuming.
C. It is turning into a seasonal industry. D. It is gaining popularity among females.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了一位DIY高手Terri Boltonis的技能以及DIY项目可能会在女性群体中变成一种潮流趋势。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第一段画线短语下文“Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture, she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself. (她擅长摆架子和拼接家具，从不付钱给别人做她自己能做的工作)”可推知，此处指Terri Boltonis是一位DIY高手。C项“A specialist (一位专业人员)”最接近画线短语“a dab hand”的意思。故选C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd. From the age of six, Terri, now 26, accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays. A day’s work was rewarded with 5 in pocket money. (她将这些技能归功于她已故的祖父兼建筑商Derek Lloyd。从六岁起，现年26岁的Terri就在学校放假期间陪Derek去上班。一天的工作得到了5英镑零花钱的奖励)”以及“It took weeks and is was backbreaking work, but I know he was proud of my skills. (这花了几个星期的时间，是一项艰苦的工作，但我知道他为我的技能感到骄傲)”可推知，Terri的祖父每天给她5英镑是作为对她的工作的鼓励。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“So, it’s been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when I’ve moved out. (所以，当我搬出去时，知道如何掩盖漏洞并重新粉刷房间以避免任何费用是很有用的)”可推知，Terri是通过粉饰房间，让它看起来像以前一样，来避免被扣除租房的押金的。故选A。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。通过文章最后一段“the research shows it is women now leading the charge (研究表明，现在是女性主导了这项运动)”可知，研究表明，DIY将在女性中越来越受欢迎。故选D。
2023全国乙卷B
B
Living in Iowa and trying to become a photographer specializing in landscape (风景) can be quite a challenge, mainly because the corn state lacks geographical variation.
Although landscapes in the Midwest tend to be quite similar, either farm fields or highways, sometimes I find distinctive character in the hills or lakes. To make some of my landscape shots, I have traveled up to four hours away to shoot within a 10-minute time frame. I tend to travel with a few of my friends to state parks or to the countryside to go on adventures and take photos along the way.
Being at the right place at the right time is decisive in any style of photography. I often leave early to seek the right destinations so I can set up early to avoid missing the moment I am attempting to photograph. I have missed plenty of beautiful sunsets/sunrises due to being on the spot only five minutes before the best moment.
One time my friends and I drove three hours to Devil’s Lake, Wisconsin, to climb the purple quartz (石英) rock around the lake. After we found a crazy-looking road that hung over a bunch of rocks, we decided to photograph the scene at sunset. The position enabled us to look over the lake with the sunset in the background. We managed to leave this spot to climb higher because of the spare time until sunset. However, we did not mark the route (路线) so we ended up almost missing the sunset entirely. Once we found the place, it was stressful getting lights and cameras set up in the limited time. Still, looking back on the photos, they are some of my best shots though they could have been so much better if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely.
4. How does the author deal with the challenge as a landscape photographer in the Midwest
A. By teaming up with other photographers. B. By shooting in the countryside or state parks.
C. By studying the geographical conditions. D. By creating settings in the corn fields.
5. What is the key to successful landscape photography according to the author
A. Proper time management. B. Good shooting techniques.
C. Adventurous spirit. D. Distinctive styles.
6. What can we infer from the author’s trip with friends to Devil’s Lake
A. They went crazy with the purple quartz rock.
B. They felt stressed while waiting for the sunset.
C. They reached the shooting spot later than expected.
D. They had problems with their equipment.
7. How does the author find his photos taken at Devil’s Lake
A. Amusing. B. Satisfying.
C. Encouraging. D. Comforting.
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一名风景摄影师，在摄影途中发生的一些所见所闻。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。通过文章第二段“I tend to travel with a few of my friends to state parks or to the countryside to go on adventures and take photos along the way. (我倾向于和几个朋友一起去州立公园或乡村探险，沿途拍照)”可知，作为一名中西部的风景摄影师，作者应对挑战的方式是去乡村或州立公园拍摄。故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“Still, looking back on the photos, they are some of my best shots though they could have been so much better if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely. (尽管如此，回顾这些照片，它们仍然是我最好的一些照片，尽管如果我能明智地准备和管理我的时间，它们本可以拍得更好)”可推知，作者认为，风景摄影成功的关键是适当的时间管理。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“However, we did not mark the route (路线) so we ended up almost missing the sunset entirely. (然而，我们没有标出路线，所以我们几乎完全错过了日落)”可推知，作者在与朋友的魔鬼湖之旅中，到达拍摄地点的时间比预期的要晚。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“Still, looking back on the photos, they are some of my best shots though they could have been so much better if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely. (尽管如此，回顾这些照片，它们仍然是我最好的一些照片，尽管如果我能明智地准备和管理我的时间，它们本可以拍得更好)”可推知，作者认为自己在魔鬼湖拍摄的照片是令人满意的。故选B。
2023年2月四省联考B
As a young girl growing up in France, Sarah Toumi dreamed of becoming a leader who could make the world a better place. Her passion to help others was awakened when, from the age of nine, she accompanied her Tunisian father to his birthplace in the east of the country during holidays. There she organized homework clubs and activities for children. Toumi witnessed first-hand the destructive effect of desertification. “Within 10 years rich farmers became worse off, and in 10 years from now they will be poor. I wanted to stop the Sahara Desert in its tracks.” A decrease in average rainfall and an increase in the severity of droughts (干旱) have led to an estimated 75 percent of Tunisia’s agricultural lands being threatened by desertification.
Toumi recognized that farming practices needed to change. She is confident that small land areas can bring large returns if farmers are able to adapt by planting sustainable crops, using new technologies for water treatment and focusing on natural products and fertilizers (肥料) rather than chemicals.
In 2012, Toumi consolidated her dream to fight the desert. She moved to Tunisia, and set up a programme named Acacias for All to put her sustainable farming philosophy into action. “I want to show young people in rural areas that they can create opportunities where they are. Nobody is better able to understand the impact of desertification and climate change than somebody who is living with no access to water.”
By September 2016, more than 130, 000 acacia trees had been planted on 20 pilot farms, with farmers recording a 60 percent survival rate. Toumi estimates that some 3 million acacia trees are needed to protect Tunisia’s farmland. She expects to plant 1 million trees by 2018. In the next couple of years, Toumi hopes to extend the programme to Algeria and Morocco.
4. How did Toumi’s holiday trips to Tunisia influence her
A. They made her decide to leave the country.
B. They helped her better understand her father.
C. They fired her enthusiasm for helping others.
D. They destroyed her dream of being a teacher.
5. What is the main cause of the desertification of Tunisia’s farmland
A. Low rainfall. B. Soil pollution.
C. Cold weather. D. Forest damage.
6. Why did Toumi set up Acacias for All in Tunisia
A. To create job opportunities for young people.
B. To help the children obtain a basic education.
C. To persuade the farmers not to use fertilizers.
D. To facilitate the protection of their farmland.
7. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. Saving Water in Tunisia
B. Planting Trees of Native Species
C. Holding back the Sahara
D. Fighting Poverty in North Africa
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了主人公图米在一次去突尼斯旅游的过程中激发了她要帮助当地人热情，由此创立了“Acacias for All”项目，改善当地农田，实践其可持续农业的理念。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Her passion to help others was awakened when, from the age of nine, she accompanied her Tunisian father to his birthplace in the east of the country during holidays. (9岁那年，她陪伴着身为突尼斯人的父亲，到突尼斯东部的出生地度假，这唤醒了她帮助他人的热情。)”可知，图米去突尼斯度假的经历唤醒了她帮助他人的热情。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“ A decrease in average rainfall and an increase in the severity of droughts (干旱)have led to an estimated 75 percent of Tunisia’s agricultural lands being threatened by desertification.(平均降雨量的减少和干旱严重程度的增加导致突尼斯大约75%的农业土地受到沙漠化的威胁。)”可知，降雨量少是突尼斯农田沙漠化的主要原因。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“She moved to Tunisia, and set up a programme named Acacias for All to put her sustainable farming philosophy into action. (她搬到突尼斯，并建立了一个名为“Acacias for All”的项目，将她的可持续农业理念付诸行动。)”以及最后一段中“By September 2016, more than 130, 000 acacia trees had been planted on 20 pilot farms, with farmers recording a 60 per cent survival rate. Toumi estimates that some 3 million acacia trees are needed to protect Tunisia’s farmland.(截至2016年9月，在20个试点农场种植了13万多棵金合欢树，农民的成活率达到60%。图米估计，为了保护突尼斯的农田，大约需要300万棵金金合欢。)”可知，她创立“Acacias for All”项目的目的是保护当地的农田。故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“By September 2016, more than 130, 000 acacia trees had been planted on 20 pilot farms, with farmers recording a 60 per cent survival rate. Toumi estimates that some 3 million acacia trees are needed to protect Tunisia’s farmland. (截至2016年9月，在20个试点农场种植了13万多棵金合欢树，农民的成活率达到60%。图米估计，为了保护突尼斯的农田，大约需要300万棵金合槐。)”以及通读全文可知，文章讲述的是主人公图米在9岁时，在一次陪伴爸爸去突尼斯旅游的过程中激发了她要帮助当地人热情，由此创立了“Acacias for All”项目，改善当地农田，坚持与沙漠作斗争，实践其可持续农业的理念。C选项“Holding back the Sahara(与撒哈拉沙漠作斗争)”符合文章标题。故选C。
2023年1月浙江卷B
Live with roommates Have friends and family around you Chances are that if you’re looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle, not everyone around you will be ready to jump on that bandwagon.
I experienced this when I started switching to a zero waste lifestyle five years ago, as I was living with my parents, and I continue to experience this with my husband, as he is not completely zero waste like me. I’ve learned a few things along the way though, which I hope you’ll find encouraging if you’re doing your best to figure out how you can make the change in a not-always-supportive household.
Zero waste was a radical lifestyle movement a few years back. I remember showing my parents a video of Bea Johnson, sharing how cool I thought it would be to buy groceries with jars, and have so little trash! A few days later, I came back with my first jars of zero waste groceries, and my dad commented on how silly it was for me to carry jars everywhere. It came off as a bit discouraging.
Yet as the months of reducing waste continued, I did what I could that was within my own reach. I had my own bedroom, so I worked on removing things I didn’t need. Since I had my own toiletries (洗漱用品), I was able to start personalising my routine to be more sustainable. I also offered to cook every so often, so I portioned out a bit of the cupboard for my own zero waste groceries. Perhaps your household won’t entirely make the switch, but you may have some control over your own personal spaces to make the changes you desire.
As you make your lifestyle changes, you may find yourself wanting to speak up for yourself if others comment on what you’re doing, which can turn itself into a whole household debate. If you have individuals who are not on board, your words probably won’t do much and can often leave you feeling more discouraged.
So here is my advice: Lead by action.
24. What do the underlined words “jump on that bandwagon” mean in the first paragraph
A. Share an apartment with you. B. Join you in what you’re doing.
C. Transform your way of living. D. Help you to make the decision.
25. What was the attitude of the author’s father toward buying groceries with jars
A. He disapproved of it. B. He was favorable to it.
C. He was tolerant of it. D. He didn’t care about it.
26. What can we infer about the author
A. She is quite good at cooking. B. She respects others’ privacy.
C. She enjoys being a housewife. D. She is a determined person.
27. What is the text mainly about
A. How to get on well with other family members.
B. How to have one’s own personal space at home.
C. How to live a zero waste lifestyle in a household.
D. How to control the budget when buying groceries.
【答案】24. B 25. A 26. D 27. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者如何在家庭中过零浪费的生活方式。
【24题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线部分前文“Chances are that if you’re looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle, not everyone around you will be ready to(如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方式，可能不是你周围的每个人都准备好)”及第二段中的“I’ve learned a few things along the way though, which I hope you’ll find encouraging if you’re doing your best to figure out how you can make the change in a not-always-supportive household.(在这个过程中，我学到了一些东西，我希望如果你在一个不总是支持你的家庭中尽最大努力去弄清楚如何做出改变，你会感到鼓舞)”可知，如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方式，可能不是你周围的每个人都准备好加入这一运动。由此推知，划线词组jump on that bandwagon与Join you in what you’re doing.(加入你正在做的事情)意思接近。故选B。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“A few days later, I came back with my first jars of zero waste groceries, and my dad commented on how silly it was for me to carry jars everywhere. It came off as a bit discouraging.(几天后，我带着第一罐零废物杂货回来了，我父亲评论说，我到处带着罐子是多么愚蠢。结果有点令人沮丧)”可推知，作者的父亲不赞成用罐子买食品杂货。故选A。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Yet as the months of reducing waste continued, I did what I could that was within my own reach. (然而，随着减少浪费的几个月的持续，我尽了自己力所能及的努力)”及“Perhaps your household won’t entirely make the switch, but you may have some control over your own personal spaces to make the changes you desire.(也许你的家庭不会完全改变，但你可以控制自己的个人空间，做出你想要的改变)”可推知，作者是一个意志坚定的人。故选D。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Chances are that if you’re looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle, not everyone around you will be ready to jump on that bandwagon.(如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方式，可能不是你周围的每个人都准备好加入这一运动)”及第二段中的“I’ve learned a few things along the way though, which I hope you’ll find encouraging if you’re doing your best to figure out how you can make the change in a not-always-supportive household.(在这个过程中，我学到了一些东西，我希望如果你在一个不总是支持你的家庭中尽最大努力去弄清楚如何做出改变，你会感到鼓舞)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者如何在家庭中过零浪费的生活方式。故选C。
2023年1月浙江卷C
A machine can now not only beat you at chess, it can also outperform you in debate. Last week, in a public debate in San Francisco, a software program called Project Debater beat its human opponents, including Noa Ovadia, Israel’s former national debating champion.
Brilliant though it is, Project Debater has some weaknesses. It takes sentences from its library of documents and prebuilt arguments and strings them together. This can lead to the kinds of errors no human would make. Such wrinkles will no doubt be ironed out, yet they also point to a fundamental problem. As Kristian Hammond, professor of electrical engineering and computer science at Northwestern University, put it: “There’s never a stage at which the system knows what it’s talking about.”
What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning, and meaning is central to what distinguishes the least intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines. A computer works with symbols. Its program specifies a set of rules to transform one string of symbols into another. But it does not specify what those symbols mean. Indeed, to a computer, meaning is irrelevant. Humans, in thinking, talking, reading and writing, also work with symbols. But for humans, meaning is everything. When we communicate, we communicate meaning. What matters is not just the outside of a string of symbols, but the inside too, not just how they are arranged but what they mean.
Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction, not of computation, interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads. The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations. It is this that distinguishes humans from machines. And that’s why, however astonishing Project Debater may seem, the tradition that began with Socrates and Confucius will not end with artificial intelligence.
28. Why does the author mention Noa Ovadia in the first paragraph
A. To explain the use of a software program.
B. To show the cleverness of Project Debater.
C. To introduce the designer of Project Debater.
D. To emphasize the fairness of the competition.
29. What does the underlined word “wrinkles” in paragraph 2 refer to
A. Arguments. B. Doubts. C. Errors. D. Differences.
30. What is Project Debater unable to do according to Hammond
A. Create rules. B. Comprehend meaning.
C. Talk fluently. D. Identify difficult words.
31. What can we learn from the last paragraph
A. Social interaction is key to understanding symbols.
B. The human brain has potential yet to be developed.
C. Ancient philosophers set good examples for debaters.
D. Artificial intelligence ensures humans a bright future.
【答案】28. B 29. C 30. B 31. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍的是在辩论中战胜人类的名为Project Debater的软件程序。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“Last week, in a public debate in San Francisco, a software program called Project Debater beat its human opponents, including Noa Ovadia, Israel’s former national debating champion.(上周，在旧金山的一场公开辩论中，一个名为Project Debater的软件程序击败了它的人类对手，其中包括以色列前全国辩论冠军Noa Ovadia。)”可知，作者在第一段提到Noa Ovadia的目的是展示Project Debater的聪明。故选B。
【29题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段的“Brilliant though it is, Project Debater has some weaknesses. It takes sentences from its library of documents and prebuilt arguments and strings them together. This can lead to the kinds of errors no human would make.(尽管Project Debater很聪明，但它也有一些弱点。它从文档库和预先构建的参数中提取句子，并将它们串在一起。这可能会导致人类不会犯的错误。)”和“will no doubt be ironed out(毫无疑问会被解决)”可知，划线词所在句子表示“这样的错误会被纠正，被解决”，划线词wrinkles的意思是“错误”，和errors意思相近，故选C。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning, and meaning is central to what distinguishes the least intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines. A computer works with symbols. Its program specifies a set of rules to transform one string of symbols into another. But it does not specify what those symbols mean. Indeed, to a computer, meaning is irrelevant.(Hammond所指的是意义的问题，而意义是区分最不聪明的人类和最聪明的机器的关键。计算机使用符号。它的程序指定了一组将一串符号转换为另一串符号的规则。但它并没有具体说明这些符号的含义。事实上，对于计算机来说，意义是无关紧要的。)”可知，根据Hammond的说法，Project Debater不能理解意义，故选B。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction, not of computation, interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads. The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations.(意义的产生是通过社会互动的过程，而不是计算的过程，这种互动塑造了我们头脑中符号的内容。赋予意义的规则不仅存在于我们的头脑中，也存在于社会之外，存在于社会记忆、社会习俗和社会关系中。)”可知，从最后一段我们能了解到社会互动是理解符号的关键。故选A。
2022年高考真题
2022年6月全国甲卷 D篇
Sometime in the early 1960s, a significant thing happened in Sydney, Australia. The city discovered its harbor. Then, one after another, Sydney discovered lots of things that were just sort of there — broad parks, superb beaches, and a culturally diverse population. But it is the harbor that makes the city.
Andrew Reynolds, a cheerful fellow in his early 30s, pilots Sydney ferryboats for a living. I spent the whole morning shuttling back and forth across the harbor. After our third run Andrew shut down the engine, and we went our separate ways — he for a lunch break, I to explore the city.
“I’ll miss these old boats,” he said as we parted.
“How do you mean ” I asked.
“Oh, they’re replacing them with catamarans. Catamarans are faster, but they’re not so elegant, and they’re not fun to pilot. But that’s progress, I guess.”
Everywhere in Sydney these days, change and progress are the watchwords (口号), and traditions are increasingly rare. Shirley Fitzgerald, the city’s official historian, told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings. “Sydney is confused about itself,” she said. “We can’t seem to make up our minds whether we want a modern city or a traditional one. It’s a conflict that we aren’t getting any better at resolving (解决).”
On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions. I considered this when I met a thoughtful young businessman named Anthony. “Many people say that we lack culture in this country,” he told me. “What people forget is that the Italians, when they came to Australia, brought 2000 years of their culture, the Greeks some 3000 years, and the Chinese more still. We’ve got a foundation built on ancient cultures but with a drive and dynamism of a young country. It’s a pretty hard combination to beat.”
He is right, but I can’t help wishing they would keep those old ferries.
32. What is the first paragraph mainly about
A. Sydney’s striking architecture. B. The cultural diversity of Sydney.
C. The key to Sydney’s development. D. Sydney’s tourist attractions in the 1960s.
33. What can we learn about Andrew Reynolds
A. He goes to work by boat. B. He looks forward to a new life.
C. He pilots catamarans well. D. He is attached to the old ferries.
34. What does Shirley Fitzgerald think of Sydney
A. It is losing its traditions. B. It should speed up its progress.
C. It should expand its population. D. It is becoming more international.
35. Which statement will the author probably agree with
A. A city can be young and old at the same time.
B. A city built on ancient cultures is more dynamic.
C. Modernity is usually achieved at the cost of elegance.
D. Compromise should be made between the local and the foreign.
【答案】32. C 33. D 34. A 35. A
【解析】
【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过作者和悉尼人士的交流介绍了悉尼发展中面临的问题。
【32题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Sometime in the early 1960s, a significant thing happened in Sydney, Australia. The city discovered its harbor. (20世纪60年代初，澳大利亚悉尼发生了一件大事。这座城市发现了它的港口) ”以及“But it is the harbor that makes the city. (但是是港口造就了城市)”可知，本段主要介绍了悉尼发展的关键是港口。故选C项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Andrew Reynolds, a cheerful fellow in his early 30s, pilot Sydney ferryboats for a living. (30岁出头的Andrew Reynolds是个快乐的小伙子，他在悉尼担任渡轮领航员为生)”、第三段“I’ll miss these old boats. (我会想念这些旧船的)”以及第五段“Catamarans are faster, but they’re not so elegant, and they’re not fun to pilot. (双体船更快，但它们不那么优雅，驾驶起来也不有趣)”可知，渡轮领航员Andrew Reynolds喜欢老式渡船。故选D项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Shirley Fitzgerald, the city’s official historian, told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings. (悉尼的官方历史学家Shirley Fitzgerald告诉我，在20世纪70年代奔向现代化的过程中，悉尼把很多它的过去都抛在了一边，包括许多最漂亮的建筑)”可推知，Shirley Fitzgerald认为悉尼匆忙奔向现代化，正在失去它的传统。故选A项。
35题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions. I considered this when I met a thoughtful young businessman named Anthony. (另一方面，同时既年轻又古老也有它的魅力。当我遇到一位深思熟虑的年轻商人Anthony时，我考虑到了这一点)”以及最后一段“He is right (他说得没错)”可推知，作者赞同Anthony的观点，认为一座城市可以同时既年轻又古老。故选A项。
2022年1月浙江卷 A篇
For nearly a decade now,Merebeth has been a self-employed pet transport specialist. Her pet transport job was born of the financial crisis（危机）in the late 2000s．The downturn hit the real estate（房地产）firm where she had worked for ten years as an office manager.The firm went broke and left her looking for a new job.One day,while driving near her home,she saw a dog wandering on the road, clearly lost. She took it home,and her sister in Denver agreed to take it. This was a loving home for sure,but 1,600 miles away.It didn’t take long for Merebeth to decide to drive the dog there herself. It was her first road trip to her new job.
Merebeth's pet delivery service satisfies her wanderlust. It has taken her to every state in the US except Montana,Washington and Oregon,she says proudly.If she wants to visit a new place, she will simply find a pet with transport needs there.She travels in all weathers.She has driven through 55 mph winds in Wyoming , heavy flooding and storms in Alabama and total whiteout conditions in Kansas.
This wanderlust is inherited from her father,she says.He moved their family from Canada to California when she was one year old,because he wanted them to explore a new place together. As soon as she graduated from high school she left home to live on Catalina Island off the Californian coast,away from her parents,where she enjoyed a life of sailing and off-road biking.
It turns out that pet transporting pays quite well at about $30,000 per year before tax.She doesn't work in summer, as it would be unpleasantly hot for the animals in the car, even with air conditioning.As autumn comes,she gets restless the same old wanderlust returning. It's a call she must handle alone,though.Merebeth says,"When I'm on the road, I'm just in my own world. I've always been independent-spirited and I just feel strongly that I must help animals."
21.Why did Merebeth change her job
A.She wanted to work near her home.
B.She was tired of working in the office.
C.Her sister asked her to move to Denver.
D.Her former employer was out of business.
22.The word “wanderlust" in paragraph 2 means a desire to
A.make money. B.try various jobs.
C.be close to nature. D.travel to different places.
23.What can we learn about Merebeth in her new job
A.She has chances to see rare animals.
B.She works hard throughout the year.
C.She relies on herself the whole time.
D.She earns a basic and tax-free salary.
答案：21-23 DDC
解析：本文是一篇记叙文，主要叙述了Merebeth 由于公司破产失业后，在机缘巧合下成为宠物运送员，不仅帮助了动物，而且收获了旅行带来的精神自由。
第21题 细节事实题。根据文章第一段第三、四句--The firm went broke and left her looking for a new job.可知原先公司破厂导致要找份新工作。与D 选项意思一致。故答案选D。
第22题 猜测词义题。根据第一段It has taken her to every state in the US except Montana, Washington and Oregon, she says proudly. 意思为：她很骄傲的说,这个工作带她到了全美国除蒙大拿,华盛顿,俄勒冈以外的所有的州。可知，她很喜欢到不同的地方旅行。以及第二段：This wanderlust is inherited from her father, she says. He moved their family from Canada to California when she was one year old, because he wanted them to explore a new place together. 遗传自她的父亲也喜欢探索新地方。故答案选D。
第23题 细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数她自己说的话：When I am on the road, I'm just in my own world. I've always been independent-spirited.可知，当她在路上的时候，就只依靠自己。她总是非常独立。故答案选C。
2022年新高考2卷B篇
We journalists live in a new age of storytelling, with many new multimedia tools. Many young people don’t even realize it’s new. For them, it’s just normal.
This hit home for me as I was sitting with my 2-year-old grandson on a sofa over the Spring Festival holiday. I had brought a children’s book to read. It had simple words and colorful pictures — a perfect match for his age.
Picture this: my grandson sitting on my lap as I hold the book in front so he can see the pictures. As I read, he reaches out and pokes (戳) the page with his finger.
What’s up with that He just likes the pictures, I thought. Then I turned the page and continued. He poked the page even harder. I nearly dropped the book. I was confused: Is there something wrong with this kid
Then I realized what was happening. He was actually a stranger to books. His father frequently amused the boy with a tablet computer which was loaded with colorful pictures that come alive when you poke them. He thought my storybook was like that.
Sorry, kid. This book is not part of your high-tech world. It’s an outdated, lifeless thing. An antique, like your grandfather. Well, I may be old, but I’m not hopelessly challenged, digitally speaking. I edit video and produce audio. I use mobile payment. I’ve even built websites.
There’s one notable gap in my new-media experience, however: I’ve spent little time in front of a camera, since I have a face made for radio. But that didn’t stop China Daily from asking me last week to share a personal story for a video project about the integration of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei province.
Anyway, grandpa is now an internet star — two minutes of fame! I promise not to let it go to my head. But I will make sure my 2-year-old grandson sees it on his tablet.
4. What do the underlined words “hit home for me” mean in paragraph 2
A. Provided shelter for me. B. Became very clear to me.
C. Took the pressure off me. D. Worked quite well on me.
5. Why did the kid poke the storybook
A. He took it for a tablet computer. B. He disliked the colorful pictures.
C. He was angry with his grandpa. D. He wanted to read it by himself.
6. What does the author think of himself
A. Socially ambitious. B. Physically attractive.
C. Financially independent. D. Digitally competent.
7. What can we learn about the author as a journalist
A. He lacks experience in his job. B. He seldom appears on television.
C. He manages a video department. D. He often interviews internet stars.
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者曾经是一名记者，在春节期间，作者给孙子拿了一本儿童读物，孙子却以为是平板电脑，不停地戳书。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段“We journalists live in a new age of storytelling, with many new multimedia tools. Many young people don’t even realize it’s new. For them, it’s just normal. ”以及画线词后文“as I was sitting with my 2-year-old grandson on a sofa over the Spring Festival holiday. ”可知，作者是记者，生活在一个讲故事的新时代，有许多新的多媒体工具。许多年轻人甚至没有意识到它是新的。对他们来说，这很正常。而这在春节假期，作者和两岁的孙子坐在沙发上，尤其清楚认识到了这一点。故画线词意思是“我很清楚”。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“He was actually a stranger to books. His father frequently amused the boy with a tablet computer which was loaded with colorful pictures that come alive when you poke them. He thought my storybook was like that. (事实上，他对书本并不熟悉。他的父亲经常用一台装有彩色图片的平板电脑逗他开心，当你戳它们的时候，这些图片就会变得栩栩如生。他认为我的故事书就是那样的)”可知，那孩子戳故事书是因为他把它当成了平板电脑。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“Well, I may be old, but I’m not hopelessly challenged, digitally speaking. I edit video and produce audio. I use mobile payment. I’ve even built websites. (我可能老了，但从数字角度来说，我还没有毫无希望的挑战。我编辑视频，制作音频。我用移动支付。我甚至建立了网站)”可知，作者认为自己懂数码技术。故选D。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“There’s one notable gap in my new-media experience, however: I’ve spent little time in front of a camera, since I have a face made for radio. (然而，在我的新媒体体验中有一个明显的差距：我很少在镜头前呆着，因为我的脸是为电台而生的)”可知，作者作为记者他很少上电视。故选B。
2021年高考真题
2021新高考1卷 B篇
By day, Robert Titterton is a lawyer. In his spare time though he goes on stage beside pianist Maria Raspopova—not as a musician but as her page turner. "I'm not a trained musician, but I've learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her performance."
Mr Titterton is chairman of the Omega Ensemble but has been the group's official page turner for the past four years. His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesn't have to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves. He said he became just as nervous as those playing instruments on stage.
"A lot of skills are needed for the job. You have to make sure you don't turn two pages at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot, " Mr Titterton explained.
Being a page turner requires plenty of practice. Some pieces of music can go for 40 minutes and require up to 50 page turns, including back turns for repeat passages. Silent onstage communication is key, and each pianist has their own style of "nodding" to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner.
But like all performances, there are moments when things go wrong. "I was turning the page to get ready for the next page, but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand, " Mr Titterton said. "Luckily I was able to catch them and put them back."
Most page turners are piano students or up-and-coming concert pianists, although Ms Raspopova has once asked her husband to help her out on stage.
"My husband is the worst page turner, " she laughed. "He's interested in the music, feeling every note, and I have to say: 'Turn, turn!'" "Robert is the best page turner I've had in my entire life."
1.What should Titterton be able to do to be a page turner
A.Read music. B.Play the piano.
C.Sing songs. D.Fix the instruments.
2Which of the following best describes Titterton's job on stage
A.Boring. B.Well-paid. C.Demanding. D.Dangerous.
3What does Titterton need to practise
A.Counting the pages.
B.Recognizing the "nodding".
C.Catching falling objects.
D.Performing in his own style.
4Why is Ms Raspopova's husband "the worst page turner"
A.He has very poor eyesight.
B.He ignores the audience.
C.He has no interest in music.
D.He forgets to do his job.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了律师Robert Titterton在空闲时间担任乐谱翻页者，配合钢琴家演出的故事。
【解析】1..A【解析】细节理解题。根据题干信息be able to do定位到第三段A lot of skills are needed for the job. You have to make sure you don't turn two pages at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot.可知，做一名page turner需要能够找到音乐中重复的部分，然后翻回到乐谱正确的地方。因此做一名page turner需要能够读懂音乐。故选A。
2.C【解析】推理判断题。根据题干选项定位到第五段。分析语境可知，他在工作中有时还要处理突发事件，例如会有翻开一页乐谱的风导致其他的乐谱掉落的情况。因此，可以形容这份工作是让人费神费力的。故选C。
3.B【解析】细节理解题。根据题干信息need to practice定位到第四段第一句Being a page turner requires plenty of practice.这句话后面说明了page turner需要能够捕捉到演奏者的点头致意，根据这一信号来翻页，这是需要配合练习的。故选B。
4.D【解析】细节理解题。根据题干信息the worst page turner定位到最后一段。分析可知，说话人的丈夫总是过度沉迷于音乐本身而忘记翻页，以至于她必须告诉他该翻页了。故选D。
2021年新高考II卷之B篇
I have worked as a keeper at the National Zoo, Paris for 11 years. Spot and Stripe are the first tiger cubs that have ever been born here. Globally, a third of Sumatran cubs in zoos don't make it to adulthood, so I decided to give them round-the-clock care at home.
I've got two children—the younger one, Kynan, was extremely happy about the tigers arriving - but all of us really looked forward to being part of their lives and watching them grow. I wasn't worried about bringing them into my home with my wife and kids. These were cubs. They weighed about 2.5 kg and were so small that there was absolutely no risk.
As they grew more mobile, we let them move freely around the house during the day, but when we were asleep we had to contain them in a large room, otherwise they'd get up to mischief. We'd come down in the morning to find they'd turned the room upside down, and left it looking like a zoo.
Things quickly got very intense due to the huge amount of energy required to look after them. There were some tough times and I just felt extremely tired. I was grateful that my family was there to help. We had to have a bit of a production line going, making up “tiger milk”, washing baby bottles, and cleaning the floors.
When Spot and Stripe were four months old, they were learning how to open doors and jump fences, and we knew it really was time for them to go. It was hard for us to finally part with them. For the first few days, Kynan was always a bit disappointed that the cubs weren't there.
I'm not sad about it. I'm hands-on with them every day at the zoo, and I do look back very fondly on the time that we had them.
4. Why did the author bring the tiger cubs home
A. To ensure their survival. B. To observe their differences.
C. To teach them life skills. D. To let them play with his kids.
5. What do the underlined words “get up to mischief” mean in paragraph 3
A. Behave badly. B. Lose their way. C. Sleep soundly. D. Miss their mom.
6. What did the author think of raising the tiger cubs at home
A. Boring. B. Tiring. C. Costly. D. Risky.
7. Why did the author decide to send Spot and Stripe back to the zoo
A. They frightened the children. B. They became difficult to contain.
C. They annoyed the neighbours. D. They started fighting each other.
【答案】4. A 5. A 6. B 7. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者为了保证两只老虎幼崽的存活，决定在家里全天候照顾它们。介绍了老虎在作者家生活的情况以及作者照顾老虎的感受。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Globally, a third of Sumatran cubs in zoos don't make it to adulthood, so I decided to give them round-the-clock care at home. (在全球范围内，动物园里三分之一的苏门答腊老虎幼崽活不到成年，所以我决定在家里全天候照顾它们)”可知，作者把老虎幼崽带回家是为了确保他们的存活。故选A。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“As they grew more mobile, we let them move freely around the house during the day, but when we were asleep we had to contain them in a large room, otherwise they'd ”（随着它们的活动越来越多，我们白天让它们在房子里自由活动，但当我们睡觉时，我们必须把它们关在一个大房间里，否则它们会）以及后文“We'd come down in the morning to find they'd turned the room upside down, and left it looking like a zoo.”（我们早上下楼时发现他们把房间弄得乱七八糟，让它看起来像个动物园。）可知，作者不得不把老虎们关在一个大房间里，否则它们就会调皮捣蛋，表现不好。早上下楼时发现他们把房间弄得乱七八糟，看起来像个动物园。故画线词意思是“表现不好”。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“Things quickly got very intense due to the huge amount of energy required to look after them. There were some tough times and I just felt extremely tired.(由于需要大量的精力来照顾它们，事情很快变得非常紧张。有一段艰难的日子，我只是觉得非常累)”可推知，作者认为在家里养小老虎累人。故选B。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“When Spot and Stripe were four months old, they were learning how to open doors and jump fences, and we knew it really was time for them to go.(当Spot和Stripe四个月大的时候，他们正在学习如何开门和跳栅栏，我们知道是时候让他们离开了)”可知，作者决定把Spot 和Stripe送回动物园是因为他们变得难以控制。故选B。
2021年新高考II卷之C篇
A British woman who won a S1 million prize after she was named the World's Best Teacher will use the cash to bring inspirational figures into UK schools.
Andria Zafirakou,a north London secondary school teacher, said she wanted to bring about a classroom revolution (变革). “We are going to make a change, ”she said.“I’ve started a project to promote the teaching of the arts in our schools.”
The project results from the difficulties many schools have in getting artists of any sort - whether an up-and-coming local musician or a major movie star - into schools to work with and inspire children.
Zafirakou began the project at Alperton Community School her place of work for the past twelve years. “I've seen those magic moments when children are talking to someone they are inspired by - their eyes are shining and their faces light up,” she said. “We need artists . more than ever in our schools."
Artist Michael Craig-Martin said: “Andria's brilliant project to bring artists from all fields into direct contact with children is particularly welcome at a time when the arts are being downgraded in schools." It was a mistake to see the arts as unnecessary, he added.
Historian Sir Simon Schama is also a supporter of the project. He said that arts education in schools was not just an add-on. “It is absolutely necessary. The future depends on creativity and creativity depends on the young. What will remain of us when artificial intelligence takes over will be our creativity, and it is our creative spirit, our visionary sense of freshness, that has been our strength for centuries."
8. What will Zafirakou do with her prize money
A. Make a movie. B. Build new schools.
C. Run a project. D. Help local musicians.
9. What does Craig-Martin think of the teaching of the arts in UK schools
A. It is particularly difficult. B. It increases artists' income.
C. It opens children's mind. D. It deserves greater attention.
10. What should be stressed in school education according to Schama
A. Moral principles. B. Interpersonal skills.
C. Creative abilities. D. Positive worldviews.
11. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A. Bring Artists to Schools B. When Historians Meet Artists
C. Arts Education in Britain D. The World's Best Arts Teacher
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了英国一名女子在被评为世界最佳教师后获得了100万英镑的奖金，她将用这笔奖金发起一个项目，让艺术家进入学校。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Andria Zafirakou,a north London secondary school teacher, said she wanted to bring about a classroom revolution. “We are going to make a change,” she said. “I’ve started a project to promote the teaching of the arts in our schools.”（伦敦北部中学教师安德里亚·扎菲拉库(Andria Zafirakou)表示，她想掀起一场课堂革命。“我们将做出改变，”她说。“我已经启动了一个项目，以促进我们学校的艺术教学。”）”可知，Zafirakou打算用自己的奖金运行一个项目。故选C。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The project results from the difficulties many schools have in getting artists of any sort - whether an up-and-coming local musician or a major movie star - into schools to work with and inspire children.（许多学校很难让任何类型的艺术家——无论是当地崭露头角的音乐家还是主要的电影明星——进入学校，与孩子们一起工作并激励他们，因此才有了这个项目。）”可知，Craig-Martin认为，英国学校的艺术教学尤其困难。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“It is absolutely necessary. The future depends on creativity and creativity depends on the young.（这是绝对必要的。未来取决于创造力，而创造力取决于年轻人。）”可知，Schama认为学校教育应该强调创造力。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Andria Zafirakou, a north London secondary school teacher, said she wanted to bring about a classroom revolution. “We are going to make a change,”she said.“I’ve started a project to promote the teaching of the arts in our schools.”（伦敦北部中学教师安德里亚·扎菲拉库(Andria Zafirakou)表示，她想掀起一场课堂革命。“我们将做出改变，”她说。“我已经启动了一个项目，以促进我们学校的艺术教学。”）”可知，文章讲述了Andria Zafirakou用自己的奖金启动了一个项目，将艺术家带进学校，促进艺术教学。故选A。
2021全国甲卷 C篇
When I was 9, we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived at Heathrow, London on a gray January morning. Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without my beloved beaches and endless blue-sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place. Until I made a discovery.
Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing. I loved it. I soon made friends with the local skaters. We spoke our own language. And my favorite: Safe. Safe meant cool. It meant hello. It meant don't worry about it. Once, when trying a certain trick on the beam（橫杆）, I fell onto the stones, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Toby came over, helping me up: Safe, man. Safe. A few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their boards loud, shouting: "Safe! Safe! Safe!" And that's what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater.
When I was 15, my family moved to Washington. I tried skateboarding there, but the locals were far less welcoming. Within a couple of years, I'd given it up.
When I returned to London in 2004, I found myself wandering down to Southbank, spending hours there. I've traveled back several times since, most recently this past spring. The day was cold but clear; tourists and Londoners stopped to watch the skaters. Weaving（穿梭） among the kids who rushed by on their boards, I found my way to the beam. Then a rail-thin teenager, in a baggy white T-shirt, skidded（滑） up to the beam. He sat next to me. He seemed not to notice the man next to him. But soon I caught a few of his glances."I was a local here 20 years ago, " I told him. Then, slowly, he began to nod his head."Safe, man. Safe.”
"Yeah, " I said.“Safe."
1.What can we learn about the author soon after he moved to London
A.He felt disappointed.
B.He gave up his hobby.
C.He liked the weather there.
D.He had disagreements with his family.
2.What do the underlined words "Safe! Safe! Safe!" probably mean
A.Be careful! B.Well done! C.No way! D.Don't worry.
3.Why did the author like to spend time in Southbank when he returned to London
A.To join the skateboarding.
B.To make new friends.
C.To learn new tricks.
D.To relieve his childhood days.
4.What message does the author seem to convey in the text
A.Children should learn a second language.
B.Sport is necessary for children's health.
C.Children need a sense of belonging.
D.Seeing the world is must for children.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，作者会议小时候在英国南岸这个伦敦滑板手们段圣地以及和他们一块度过的美好时光。
1.A【解析】推理判断题。根据题干关键词 "after he moved to London" 定位在原文第一段“Without my beloved beaches and endless blue -sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place. 没有我心爱的海滩和无尽的蓝天，我感到不知所措和格格不入。所以，作者是失望的。故选A项。
2.B【解析】词义猜测题。根据题干关键词 "Safe! Safe! Safe! " 定位在原文第三段 "And that's what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater. 这就是重要的着陆技巧，成为一名优秀的滑冰运动员。" 表示做得好，所以应该是鼓励的话语。故选B项。
3.D【解析】细节理解题。根据题干关键词 "when he returned to London" 定位在原文第四段 "When I returned to London in 2004, I found myself wandering down to Southbank, spending hours there. 当我2004年回到伦敦时，我发现自己在南岸漫步，在那里呆了几个小时。" 所以这里是漫步，重温童年时光。故选D项。
4.C【解析】写作意图题。根据题干关键词 "seem to convey" 定位可以判断题目是总结作者写作意图。根据选项关键词，A，a second language B，Sport children's health C，Children ，sense of belonging（归属感） D，Seeing the world可以得知本文是怀念童年时光，所以C项最合适。故选C项。
2021年北京卷之B篇
I remember the day during our first week of class when we were informed about our semester（学期） project of volunteering at a non-profit organization．When the teacher introduced us to the different organizations that needed our help，my last choice was Operation Iraqi Children （OIC）．My first impression of the organization was that it was not going to make enough of a difference with the plans I had in mind．
Then，an OIC representative gave us some details，which somewhat interested me．After doing some research， I believed that we could really do something for those kids．When I went online to the OIC website，I saw pictures of the Iraqi children．Their faces were so powerful in sending a message of their despair（绝望） and need that I joined this project without hesitation．We decided to collect as many school supplies as possible，and make them into kits——one kit，one child．
The most rewarding day for our group was project day，when all the efforts we put into collecting the items finally came together．When I saw the various supplies we had collected，it hit me that every kit we were to build that day would eventually be in the hands of an Iraqi child．Over the past four months，I had never imagined how I would feel once our project was completed．While making the kits，I realized that I had lost sight of the true meaning behind it．I had only focused on the fact that it was another school project and one I wanted to get a good grade on．When the kits were completed，and ready to be sent overseas，the warm feeling I had was one I would never forget．
In the beginning，I dared myself to make a difference in the life of another person．Now that our project is over，I realize that I have affected not only one life，but ten．With our efforts，ten young boys and girls will now be able to further their education．
24. How did the author feel about joining the OIC project in the beginning？
A. It would affect his/her initial plans．
B. It would involve traveling overseas．
C. It would not bring him/her a good grade．
D. It would not live up to his/her expectations．
25. What mainly helped the author change his/her attitude toward the project？
A. Images of Iraqi children． B. Research by his/her classmates．
C. A teacher's introduction． D. A representative's comments．
26. The author's OIC project group would help ten Iraqi children to________．.
A. become OIC volunteers B. further their education
C. study in foreign countries D. influence other children
27. What can we conclude from this passage？
A. One's potential cannot always be underrated．
B. First impression cannot always be trusted．
C. Actions speak louder than words．
D. He who hesitates is lost．
【答案】24. D 25. A 26. B 27. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是记叙文。讲述了作者一开始认为加入伊拉克儿童行动项目不会达到他的期望，但是最后通过努力对自己和他人带来影响，说明第一印象不总是可信的。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“When the teacher introduced us to the different organizations that needed our help，my last choice was Operation Iraqi Children （OIC）．My first impression of the organization was that it was not going to make enough of a difference with the plans I had in mind．”（当老师向我们介绍了需要我们帮助的不同组织时，我最后的选择是伊拉克儿童行动(OIC)。我对这个组织的第一印象是，它不会对我心中的计划产生足够的影响。）可知，一开始作者认为加入伊拉克儿童行动项目不会达到他的期望。故选D。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“When I went online to the OIC website，I saw pictures of the Iraqi children．Their faces were so powerful in sending a message of their despair（绝望） and need that I joined this project without hesitation．”（当我上网访问OIC 网站时，我看到了伊拉克儿童的照片。他们的脸上传递的信息是绝望和需要帮助，我毫不犹豫地加入了这个项目。）可知，伊拉克儿童图片帮助作者改变了他对这个项目的态度。故选A。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Now that our project is over，I realize that I have affected not only one专题2 阅读理解记叙文、新闻报道（原卷版）
全国各地历年高考真题全收录
2023年高考真题
2023新高考全国Ⅰ卷B
When John Todd was a child he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌) Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.
The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.
“Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.”
4. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs
A. He was fond of traveling. B. He enjoyed being alone.
C. He had an inquiring mind. D. He longed to be a doctor.
5. Why did John put the sludge into the tanks
A. To feed the animals. B. To build an ecosystem.
C. To protect the plants. D. To test the eco-machine.
6. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou
A. To review John’s research plans. B. To show an application of John’s idea.
C. To compare John’s different jobs. D. To erase doubts about John’s invention.
7. What is the basis for John’s work
A. Nature can repair itself. B. Organisms need water to survive.
C. Life on Earth is diverse. D. Most tiny creatures live in groups.
2023新高考全国Ⅱ卷B
B
Turning soil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids. And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools. The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles.
Jaramillo’s students live in neighborhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food restaurants outnumber grocery stores. “The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of soft drinks,” she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new.
Urban Sprouts’ classes, at two middle schools and two high schools, include hands-on experiments such as soil testing, flower-and-seed dissection, tastings of fresh or dried produce, and work in the garden. Several times a year, students cook the vegetables they grow, and they occasionally make salads for their entire schools.
Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes. “We have students who say they went home and talked to their parents and now they’re eating differently,” Jaramillo says.
She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,” she says, “and they feel successful.”
4. What do we know about Abby Jaramillo
A. She used to be a health worker. B. She grew up in a low-income family.
C. She owns a fast food restaurant. D. She is an initiator of Urban Sprouts.
5. What was a problem facing Jaramillo at the start of the program
A. The kids’ parents distrusted her. B. Students had little time for her classes.
C. Some kids disliked garden work. D. There was no space for school gardens.
6. Which of the following best describes the impact of the program
A. Far-reaching. B. Predictable.
C. Short-lived. D. Unidentifiable.
7. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Rescuing School Gardens B. Experiencing Country Life
C. Growing Vegetable Lovers D. Changing Local Landscape
2023全国甲卷B
B
Terri Boltonis a dab hand when it comes to DIY (do-it-yourself). Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture, she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself.
She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd. From the age of six, Terri, now 26, accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays. A day’s work was rewarded with 5 in pocket money. She says: “I’m sure I wasn’t much of a help to start with painting the rooms and putting down the flooring throughout the house. It took weeks and is was backbreaking work, but I know he was proud of my skills.”
Terri, who now rents abhouse with friends in Wandsworth, South West London, says DIY also saves her from losing any deposit when a tenancy (租期) comes to an end. She adds: “I’ve moved house many times and I always like to personalise my room and put up pictures. So, it’s been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when I’ve moved out.”
With millions of people likely to take on DIY projects over that coming weeks, new research shows that more than half of people are planning to make the most of the long, warm summer days to get jobs done. The average spend per project will be around 823. Two thirds of people aim to improve their comfort while at home. Two fifth wish to increase the value of their house. Though DIY has traditionally been seen as male hobby, the research shows it is women now leading the charge.
4. Which is closest in meaning to “a dab hand” in paragraph 1
A. An artist. B. A winner. C. A specialist. D. A pioneer.
5. Why did Terri’s grandfather give her 5 a day
A. For a birthday gift. B. As a treat for her work.
C. To support her DIY projects. D. To encourage her to take up a hobby.
6. How did Terri avoid losing the deposit on the house she rented
A. By making it look like before. B. By furmishing it herself.
C. By splitting the rent with a roommate. D. By cancelling the rental agreement.
7. What trend in DIY does the research show
A. It is becoming more costly. B. It is getting more time-consuming.
C. It is turning into a seasonal industry. D. It is gaining popularity among females.
2023全国乙卷B
B
Living in Iowa and trying to become a photographer specializing in landscape (风景) can be quite a challenge, mainly because the corn state lacks geographical variation.
Although landscapes in the Midwest tend to be quite similar, either farm fields or highways, sometimes I find distinctive character in the hills or lakes. To make some of my landscape shots, I have traveled up to four hours away to shoot within a 10-minute time frame. I tend to travel with a few of my friends to state parks or to the countryside to go on adventures and take photos along the way.
Being at the right place at the right time is decisive in any style of photography. I often leave early to seek the right destinations so I can set up early to avoid missing the moment I am attempting to photograph. I have missed plenty of beautiful sunsets/sunrises due to being on the spot only five minutes before the best moment.
One time my friends and I drove three hours to Devil’s Lake, Wisconsin, to climb the purple quartz (石英) rock around the lake. After we found a crazy-looking road that hung over a bunch of rocks, we decided to photograph the scene at sunset. The position enabled us to look over the lake with the sunset in the background. We managed to leave this spot to climb higher because of the spare time until sunset. However, we did not mark the route (路线) so we ended up almost missing the sunset entirely. Once we found the place, it was stressful getting lights and cameras set up in the limited time. Still, looking back on the photos, they are some of my best shots though they could have been so much better if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely.
4. How does the author deal with the challenge as a landscape photographer in the Midwest
A. By teaming up with other photographers. B. By shooting in the countryside or state parks.
C. By studying the geographical conditions. D. By creating settings in the corn fields.
5. What is the key to successful landscape photography according to the author
A. Proper time management. B. Good shooting techniques.
C. Adventurous spirit. D. Distinctive styles.
6. What can we infer from the author’s trip with friends to Devil’s Lake
A. They went crazy with the purple quartz rock.
B. They felt stressed while waiting for the sunset.
C. They reached the shooting spot later than expected.
D. They had problems with their equipment.
7. How does the author find his photos taken at Devil’s Lake
A. Amusing. B. Satisfying.
C. Encouraging. D. Comforting.
2023年2月四省联考B
As a young girl growing up in France, Sarah Toumi dreamed of becoming a leader who could make the world a better place. Her passion to help others was awakened when, from the age of nine, she accompanied her Tunisian father to his birthplace in the east of the country during holidays. There she organized homework clubs and activities for children. Toumi witnessed first-hand the destructive effect of desertification. “Within 10 years rich farmers became worse off, and in 10 years from now they will be poor. I wanted to stop the Sahara Desert in its tracks.” A decrease in average rainfall and an increase in the severity of droughts (干旱) have led to an estimated 75 percent of Tunisia’s agricultural lands being threatened by desertification.
Toumi recognized that farming practices needed to change. She is confident that small land areas can bring large returns if farmers are able to adapt by planting sustainable crops, using new technologies for water treatment and focusing on natural products and fertilizers (肥料) rather than chemicals.
In 2012, Toumi consolidated her dream to fight the desert. She moved to Tunisia, and set up a programme named Acacias for All to put her sustainable farming philosophy into action. “I want to show young people in rural areas that they can create opportunities where they are. Nobody is better able to understand the impact of desertification and climate change than somebody who is living with no access to water.”
By September 2016, more than 130, 000 acacia trees had been planted on 20 pilot farms, with farmers recording a 60 percent survival rate. Toumi estimates that some 3 million acacia trees are needed to protect Tunisia’s farmland. She expects to plant 1 million trees by 2018. In the next couple of years, Toumi hopes to extend the programme to Algeria and Morocco.
4. How did Toumi’s holiday trips to Tunisia influence her
A. They made her decide to leave the country.
B. They helped her better understand her father.
C. They fired her enthusiasm for helping others.
D. They destroyed her dream of being a teacher.
5. What is the main cause of the desertification of Tunisia’s farmland
A. Low rainfall. B. Soil pollution.
C. Cold weather. D. Forest damage.
6. Why did Toumi set up Acacias for All in Tunisia
A. To create job opportunities for young people.
B. To help the children obtain a basic education.
C. To persuade the farmers not to use fertilizers.
D. To facilitate the protection of their farmland.
7. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. Saving Water in Tunisia
B. Planting Trees of Native Species
C. Holding back the Sahara
D. Fighting Poverty in North Africa
2023年1月浙江卷B
Live with roommates Have friends and family around you Chances are that if you’re looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle, not everyone around you will be ready to jump on that bandwagon.
I experienced this when I started switching to a zero waste lifestyle five years ago, as I was living with my parents, and I continue to experience this with my husband, as he is not completely zero waste like me. I’ve learned a few things along the way though, which I hope you’ll find encouraging if you’re doing your best to figure out how you can make the change in a not-always-supportive household.
Zero waste was a radical lifestyle movement a few years back. I remember showing my parents a video of Bea Johnson, sharing how cool I thought it would be to buy groceries with jars, and have so little trash! A few days later, I came back with my first jars of zero waste groceries, and my dad commented on how silly it was for me to carry jars everywhere. It came off as a bit discouraging.
Yet as the months of reducing waste continued, I did what I could that was within my own reach. I had my own bedroom, so I worked on removing things I didn’t need. Since I had my own toiletries (洗漱用品), I was able to start personalising my routine to be more sustainable. I also offered to cook every so often, so I portioned out a bit of the cupboard for my own zero waste groceries. Perhaps your household won’t entirely make the switch, but you may have some control over your own personal spaces to make the changes you desire.
As you make your lifestyle changes, you may find yourself wanting to speak up for yourself if others comment on what you’re doing, which can turn itself into a whole household debate. If you have individuals who are not on board, your words probably won’t do much and can often leave you feeling more discouraged.
So here is my advice: Lead by action.
24. What do the underlined words “jump on that bandwagon” mean in the first paragraph
A. Share an apartment with you. B. Join you in what you’re doing.
C. Transform your way of living. D. Help you to make the decision.
25. What was the attitude of the author’s father toward buying groceries with jars
A. He disapproved of it. B. He was favorable to it.
C. He was tolerant of it. D. He didn’t care about it.
26. What can we infer about the author
A. She is quite good at cooking. B. She respects others’ privacy.
C. She enjoys being a housewife. D. She is a determined person.
27. What is the text mainly about
A. How to get on well with other family members.
B. How to have one’s own personal space at home.
C. How to live a zero waste lifestyle in a household.
D. How to control the budget when buying groceries.
2023年1月浙江卷C
A machine can now not only beat you at chess, it can also outperform you in debate. Last week, in a public debate in San Francisco, a software program called Project Debater beat its human opponents, including Noa Ovadia, Israel’s former national debating champion.
Brilliant though it is, Project Debater has some weaknesses. It takes sentences from its library of documents and prebuilt arguments and strings them together. This can lead to the kinds of errors no human would make. Such wrinkles will no doubt be ironed out, yet they also point to a fundamental problem. As Kristian Hammond, professor of electrical engineering and computer science at Northwestern University, put it: “There’s never a stage at which the system knows what it’s talking about.”
What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning, and meaning is central to what distinguishes the least intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines. A computer works with symbols. Its program specifies a set of rules to transform one string of symbols into another. But it does not specify what those symbols mean. Indeed, to a computer, meaning is irrelevant. Humans, in thinking, talking, reading and writing, also work with symbols. But for humans, meaning is everything. When we communicate, we communicate meaning. What matters is not just the outside of a string of symbols, but the inside too, not just how they are arranged but what they mean.
Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction, not of computation, interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads. The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations. It is this that distinguishes humans from machines. And that’s why, however astonishing Project Debater may seem, the tradition that began with Socrates and Confucius will not end with artificial intelligence.
28. Why does the author mention Noa Ovadia in the first paragraph
A. To explain the use of a software program.
B. To show the cleverness of Project Debater.
C. To introduce the designer of Project Debater.
D. To emphasize the fairness of the competition.
29. What does the underlined word “wrinkles” in paragraph 2 refer to
A. Arguments. B. Doubts. C. Errors. D. Differences.
30. What is Project Debater unable to do according to Hammond
A. Create rules. B. Comprehend meaning.
C. Talk fluently. D. Identify difficult words.
31. What can we learn from the last paragraph
A. Social interaction is key to understanding symbols.
B. The human brain has potential yet to be developed.
C. Ancient philosophers set good examples for debaters.
D. Artificial intelligence ensures humans a bright future.
2022年高考真题
2022年6月全国甲卷 D篇
Sometime in the early 1960s, a significant thing happened in Sydney, Australia. The city discovered its harbor. Then, one after another, Sydney discovered lots of things that were just sort of there — broad parks, superb beaches, and a culturally diverse population. But it is the harbor that makes the city.
Andrew Reynolds, a cheerful fellow in his early 30s, pilots Sydney ferryboats for a living. I spent the whole morning shuttling back and forth across the harbor. After our third run Andrew shut down the engine, and we went our separate ways — he for a lunch break, I to explore the city.
“I’ll miss these old boats,” he said as we parted.
“How do you mean ” I asked.
“Oh, they’re replacing them with catamarans. Catamarans are faster, but they’re not so elegant, and they’re not fun to pilot. But that’s progress, I guess.”
Everywhere in Sydney these days, change and progress are the watchwords (口号), and traditions are increasingly rare. Shirley Fitzgerald, the city’s official historian, told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings. “Sydney is confused about itself,” she said. “We can’t seem to make up our minds whether we want a modern city or a traditional one. It’s a conflict that we aren’t getting any better at resolving (解决).”
On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions. I considered this when I met a thoughtful young businessman named Anthony. “Many people say that we lack culture in this country,” he told me. “What people forget is that the Italians, when they came to Australia, brought 2000 years of their culture, the Greeks some 3000 years, and the Chinese more still. We’ve got a foundation built on ancient cultures but with a drive and dynamism of a young country. It’s a pretty hard combination to beat.”
He is right, but I can’t help wishing they would keep those old ferries.
32. What is the first paragraph mainly about
A. Sydney’s striking architecture. B. The cultural diversity of Sydney.
C. The key to Sydney’s development. D. Sydney’s tourist attractions in the 1960s.
33. What can we learn about Andrew Reynolds
A. He goes to work by boat. B. He looks forward to a new life.
C. He pilots catamarans well. D. He is attached to the old ferries.
34. What does Shirley Fitzgerald think of Sydney
A. It is losing its traditions. B. It should speed up its progress.
C. It should expand its population. D. It is becoming more international.
35. Which statement will the author probably agree with
A. A city can be young and old at the same time.
B. A city built on ancient cultures is more dynamic.
C. Modernity is usually achieved at the cost of elegance.
D. Compromise should be made between the local and the foreign.
2022年1月浙江卷 A篇
For nearly a decade now,Merebeth has been a self-employed pet transport specialist. Her pet transport job was born of the financial crisis（危机）in the late 2000s．The downturn hit the real estate（房地产）firm where she had worked for ten years as an office manager.The firm went broke and left her looking for a new job.One day,while driving near her home,she saw a dog wandering on the road, clearly lost. She took it home,and her sister in Denver agreed to take it. This was a loving home for sure,but 1,600 miles away.It didn’t take long for Merebeth to decide to drive the dog there herself. It was her first road trip to her new job.
Merebeth's pet delivery service satisfies her wanderlust. It has taken her to every state in the US except Montana,Washington and Oregon,she says proudly.If she wants to visit a new place, she will simply find a pet with transport needs there.She travels in all weathers.She has driven through 55 mph winds in Wyoming , heavy flooding and storms in Alabama and total whiteout conditions in Kansas.
This wanderlust is inherited from her father,she says.He moved their family from Canada to California when she was one year old,because he wanted them to explore a new place together. As soon as she graduated from high school she left home to live on Catalina Island off the Californian coast,away from her parents,where she enjoyed a life of sailing and off-road biking.
It turns out that pet transporting pays quite well at about $30,000 per year before tax.She doesn't work in summer, as it would be unpleasantly hot for the animals in the car, even with air conditioning.As autumn comes,she gets restless the same old wanderlust returning. It's a call she must handle alone,though.Merebeth says,"When I'm on the road, I'm just in my own world. I've always been independent-spirited and I just feel strongly that I must help animals."
21.Why did Merebeth change her job
A.She wanted to work near her home.
B.She was tired of working in the office.
C.Her sister asked her to move to Denver.
D.Her former employer was out of business.
22.The word “wanderlust" in paragraph 2 means a desire to
A.make money. B.try various jobs.
C.be close to nature. D.travel to different places.
23.What can we learn about Merebeth in her new job
A.She has chances to see rare animals.
B.She works hard throughout the year.
C.She relies on herself the whole time.
D.She earns a basic and tax-free salary.
2022年新高考2卷B篇
We journalists live in a new age of storytelling, with many new multimedia tools. Many young people don’t even realize it’s new. For them, it’s just normal.
This hit home for me as I was sitting with my 2-year-old grandson on a sofa over the Spring Festival holiday. I had brought a children’s book to read. It had simple words and colorful pictures — a perfect match for his age.
Picture this: my grandson sitting on my lap as I hold the book in front so he can see the pictures. As I read, he reaches out and pokes (戳) the page with his finger.
What’s up with that He just likes the pictures, I thought. Then I turned the page and continued. He poked the page even harder. I nearly dropped the book. I was confused: Is there something wrong with this kid
Then I realized what was happening. He was actually a stranger to books. His father frequently amused the boy with a tablet computer which was loaded with colorful pictures that come alive when you poke them. He thought my storybook was like that.
Sorry, kid. This book is not part of your high-tech world. It’s an outdated, lifeless thing. An antique, like your grandfather. Well, I may be old, but I’m not hopelessly challenged, digitally speaking. I edit video and produce audio. I use mobile payment. I’ve even built websites.
There’s one notable gap in my new-media experience, however: I’ve spent little time in front of a camera, since I have a face made for radio. But that didn’t stop China Daily from asking me last week to share a personal story for a video project about the integration of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei province.
Anyway, grandpa is now an internet star — two minutes of fame! I promise not to let it go to my head. But I will make sure my 2-year-old grandson sees it on his tablet.
4. What do the underlined words “hit home for me” mean in paragraph 2
A. Provided shelter for me. B. Became very clear to me.
C. Took the pressure off me. D. Worked quite well on me.
5. Why did the kid poke the storybook
A. He took it for a tablet computer. B. He disliked the colorful pictures.
C. He was angry with his grandpa. D. He wanted to read it by himself.
6. What does the author think of himself
A. Socially ambitious. B. Physically attractive.
C. Financially independent. D. Digitally competent.
7. What can we learn about the author as a journalist
A. He lacks experience in his job. B. He seldom appears on television.
C. He manages a video department. D. He often interviews internet stars.
2021年高考真题
2021新高考1卷 B篇
By day, Robert Titterton is a lawyer. In his spare time though he goes on stage beside pianist Maria Raspopova—not as a musician but as her page turner. "I'm not a trained musician, but I've learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her performance."
Mr Titterton is chairman of the Omega Ensemble but has been the group's official page turner for the past four years. His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesn't have to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves. He said he became just as nervous as those playing instruments on stage.
"A lot of skills are needed for the job. You have to make sure you don't turn two pages at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot, " Mr Titterton explained.
Being a page turner requires plenty of practice. Some pieces of music can go for 40 minutes and require up to 50 page turns, including back turns for repeat passages. Silent onstage communication is key, and each pianist has their own style of "nodding" to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner.
But like all performances, there are moments when things go wrong. "I was turning the page to get ready for the next page, but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand, " Mr Titterton said. "Luckily I was able to catch them and put them back."
Most page turners are piano students or up-and-coming concert pianists, although Ms Raspopova has once asked her husband to help her out on stage.
"My husband is the worst page turner, " she laughed. "He's interested in the music, feeling every note, and I have to say: 'Turn, turn!'" "Robert is the best page turner I've had in my entire life."
1.What should Titterton be able to do to be a page turner
A.Read music. B.Play the piano.
C.Sing songs. D.Fix the instruments.
2Which of the following best describes Titterton's job on stage
A.Boring. B.Well-paid. C.Demanding. D.Dangerous.
3What does Titterton need to practise
A.Counting the pages.
B.Recognizing the "nodding".
C.Catching falling objects.
D.Performing in his own style.
4Why is Ms Raspopova's husband "the worst page turner"
A.He has very poor eyesight.
B.He ignores the audience.
C.He has no interest in music.
D.He forgets to do his job.
2021年新高考II卷之B篇
I have worked as a keeper at the National Zoo, Paris for 11 years. Spot and Stripe are the first tiger cubs that have ever been born here. Globally, a third of Sumatran cubs in zoos don't make it to adulthood, so I decided to give them round-the-clock care at home.
I've got two children—the younger one, Kynan, was extremely happy about the tigers arriving - but all of us really looked forward to being part of their lives and watching them grow. I wasn't worried about bringing them into my home with my wife and kids. These were cubs. They weighed about 2.5 kg and were so small that there was absolutely no risk.
As they grew more mobile, we let them move freely around the house during the day, but when we were asleep we had to contain them in a large room, otherwise they'd get up to mischief. We'd come down in the morning to find they'd turned the room upside down, and left it looking like a zoo.
Things quickly got very intense due to the huge amount of energy required to look after them. There were some tough times and I just felt extremely tired. I was grateful that my family was there to help. We had to have a bit of a production line going, making up “tiger milk”, washing baby bottles, and cleaning the floors.
When Spot and Stripe were four months old, they were learning how to open doors and jump fences, and we knew it really was time for them to go. It was hard for us to finally part with them. For the first few days, Kynan was always a bit disappointed that the cubs weren't there.
I'm not sad about it. I'm hands-on with them every day at the zoo, and I do look back very fondly on the time that we had them.
4. Why did the author bring the tiger cubs home
A. To ensure their survival. B. To observe their differences.
C. To teach them life skills. D. To let them play with his kids.
5. What do the underlined words “get up to mischief” mean in paragraph 3
A. Behave badly. B. Lose their way. C. Sleep soundly. D. Miss their mom.
6. What did the author think of raising the tiger cubs at home
A. Boring. B. Tiring. C. Costly. D. Risky.
7. Why did the author decide to send Spot and Stripe back to the zoo
A. They frightened the children. B. They became difficult to contain.
C. They annoyed the neighbours. D. They started fighting each other.
2021年新高考II卷之C篇
A British woman who won a S1 million prize after she was named the World's Best Teacher will use the cash to bring inspirational figures into UK schools.
Andria Zafirakou,a north London secondary school teacher, said she wanted to bring about a classroom revolution (变革). “We are going to make a change, ”she said.“I’ve started a project to promote the teaching of the arts in our schools.”
The project results from the difficulties many schools have in getting artists of any sort - whether an up-and-coming local musician or a major movie star - into schools to work with and inspire children.
Zafirakou began the project at Alperton Community School her place of work for the past twelve years. “I've seen those magic moments when children are talking to someone they are inspired by - their eyes are shining and their faces light up,” she said. “We need artists . more than ever in our schools."
Artist Michael Craig-Martin said: “Andria's brilliant project to bring artists from all fields into direct contact with children is particularly welcome at a time when the arts are being downgraded in schools." It was a mistake to see the arts as unnecessary, he added.
Historian Sir Simon Schama is also a supporter of the project. He said that arts education in schools was not just an add-on. “It is absolutely necessary. The future depends on creativity and creativity depends on the young. What will remain of us when artificial intelligence takes over will be our creativity, and it is our creative spirit, our visionary sense of freshness, that has been our strength for centuries."
8. What will Zafirakou do with her prize money
A. Make a movie. B. Build new schools.
C. Run a project. D. Help local musicians.
9. What does Craig-Martin think of the teaching of the arts in UK schools
A. It is particularly difficult. B. It increases artists' income.
C. It opens children's mind. D. It deserves greater attention.
10. What should be stressed in school education according to Schama
A. Moral principles. B. Interpersonal skills.
C. Creative abilities. D. Positive worldviews.
11. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A. Bring Artists to Schools B. When Historians Meet Artists
C. Arts Education in Britain D. The World's Best Arts Teacher
2021全国甲卷 C篇
When I was 9, we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived at Heathrow, London on a gray January morning. Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without my beloved beaches and endless blue-sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place. Until I made a discovery.
Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing. I loved it. I soon made friends with the local skaters. We spoke our own language. And my favorite: Safe. Safe meant cool. It meant hello. It meant don't worry about it. Once, when trying a certain trick on the beam（橫杆）, I fell onto the stones, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Toby came over, helping me up: Safe, man. Safe. A few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their boards loud, shouting: "Safe! Safe! Safe!" And that's what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater.
When I was 15, my family moved to Washington. I tried skateboarding there, but the locals were far less welcoming. Within a couple of years, I'd given it up.
When I returned to London in 2004, I found myself wandering down to Southbank, spending hours there. I've traveled back several times since, most recently this past spring. The day was cold but clear; tourists and Londoners stopped to watch the skaters. Weaving（穿梭） among the kids who rushed by on their boards, I found my way to the beam. Then a rail-thin teenager, in a baggy white T-shirt, skidded（滑） up to the beam. He sat next to me. He seemed not to notice the man next to him. But soon I caught a few of his glances."I was a local here 20 years ago, " I told him. Then, slowly, he began to nod his head."Safe, man. Safe.”
"Yeah, " I said.“Safe."
1.What can we learn about the author soon after he moved to London
A.He felt disappointed.
B.He gave up his hobby.
C.He liked the weather there.
D.He had disagreements with his family.
2.What do the underlined words "Safe! Safe! Safe!" probably mean
A.Be careful! B.Well done! C.No way! D.Don't worry.
3.Why did the author like to spend time in Southbank when he returned to London
A.To join the skateboarding.
B.To make new friends.
C.To learn new tricks.
D.To relieve his childhood days.
4.What message does the author seem to convey in the text
A.Children should learn a second language.
B.Sport is necessary for children's health.
C.Children need a sense of belonging.
D.Seeing the world is must for children.
2021年北京卷之B篇
I remember the day during our first week of class when we were informed about our semester（学期） project of volunteering at a non-profit organization．When the teacher introduced us to the different organizations that needed our help，my last choice was Operation Iraqi Children （OIC）．My first impression of the organization was that it was not going to make enough of a difference with the plans I had in mind．
Then，an OIC representative gave us some details，which somewhat interested me．After doing some research， I believed that we could really do something for those kids．When I went online to the OIC website，I saw pictures of the Iraqi children．Their faces were so powerful in sending a message of their despair（绝望） and need that I joined this project without hesitation．We decided to collect as many school supplies as possible，and make them into kits——one kit，one child．
The most rewarding day for our group was project day，when all the efforts we put into collecting the items finally came together．When I saw the various supplies we had collected，it hit me that every kit we were to build that day would eventually be in the hands of an Iraqi child．Over the past four months，I had never imagined how I would feel once our project was completed．While making the kits，I realized that I had lost sight of the true meaning behind it．I had only focused on the fact that it was another school project and one I wanted to get a good grade on．When the kits were completed，and ready to be sent overseas，the warm feeling I had was one I would never forget．
In the beginning，I dared myself to make a difference in the life of another person．Now that our project is over，I realize that I have affected not only one life，but ten．With our efforts，ten young boys and girls will now be able to further their education．
24. How did the author feel about joining the OIC project in the beginning？
A. It would affect his/her initial plans．
B. It would involve traveling overseas．
C. It would not bring him/her a good grade．
D. It would not live up to his/her expectations．
25. What mainly helped the author change his/her attitude toward the project？
A. Images of Iraqi children． B. Research by his/her classmates．
C. A teacher's introduction． D. A representative's comments．
26. The author's OIC project group would help ten Iraqi children to________．.
A. become OIC volunteers B. further their education
C. study in foreign countries D. influence other children
27. What can we conclude from this passage？
A. One's potential cannot always be underrated．
B. First impression cannot always be trusted．
C. Actions speak louder than words．
D. He who hesitates is lost．
2021.6 浙江卷
Leslie Nielsen's childhood was a difficult one, but he had one particular shining star in his life—his uncle, who was a well-known actor. The admiration and respect his uncle earned inspired Nielsen to make a career（职业）in acting. Even though he often felt he would be discovered to be a no-talent, he moved forward, gaining a scholarship to the Neighborhood Playhouse and making his first television appearance a few years later in 1948. However, becoming a full-time, successful actor would still be an uphill battle for another eight yeas until he landed a number of film roles that finally got him noticed.
But even then, what he had wasn't quite what he wanted. Nielsen always felt he should be doing comedy but his good looks and distinguished voice kept him busy in dramatic roles. It wasn't until 1980—32 years into his career—that he landed the role it would seem he was made for in Airplane! That movie led him into the second half of his career where his comedic presence alone could make a movie a financial success even when movie reviewers would not rate it highly.
Did Nielsen then feel content in his career Yes and no. He was thrilled to be doing the comedy that he always felt he should do, but even during his last few year he always had a sense of curiosity, wondering what new role or challenge might be just around the corner. He never stopped working, never retired.
Leslie Nielsen's devotion to acting is wonderfully inspiring. He built a hugely successful career with little more than plain old hard work and determination. He showed us that even a single desire, never given up on, can make for a remarkable life.
1.Why did Nielsen want to be an actor
A.He enjoyed watching movies.
B.He was eager to earn money.
C.He wanted to be like his uncle.
D.He felt he was good at acting.
2.What do we know about Nelsen in the second half of his career
A.He directed some high quality movies.
B.He avoided taking on new challenges.
C.He focused on playing dramatic roles.
D.He became a successful comedy actor.
3.What does Nielsen's career story tell us
A.Art is long, life is short.
B.He who laughs last laughs longest.
C.It's never too late to learn.
D.Where there's a will there's a way.
2021年3月天津卷之B篇
About five weeks ago, I noticed the skin of our pet lizard was growing dusty. It worried me. I reported the strange surface on the skin of the lizard to my husband and children the next morning. Seconds later, our lizard emerged from its tank with its old skin flowing behind it.
I didn't think about it much until a morning last week when I knocked my favorite teapot off the table. It burst into hundreds of pieces. As I swept up the mess, I wondered why we had been breaking so many things over the months.
The destruction started three months ago. It was my husband's birthday. He had just lost his job. The uncertainty was starting to wear on us, so I wanted to do something special.
“Let's make a cake for Dad!” I cried.
My kids screamed with joy. We baked, iced and sprinkled for most of the day. Candles on the cake! Balloons on the walls! Flowers on the table!
Two hours before my husband came back home from another job interview, my daughter climbed up to grab a glass vase from a high shelf. It fell and crashed beside the cake. Tiny pieces of glass were everywhere. She sobbed loudly as I threw the cake away. My husband had banana pudding for his birthday.
Three days ago, the light in our living room suddenly went out. After several frustrating hours of unsuccessful attempts to fix it, my husband suggested watching the Michael Jordan documentary series The Last Dance.
The poignancy of Jordan retiring from his beloved basketball to play baseball and what had pushed him to make such a tough decision took me by surprise. As I watched him take off his basketball uniform and replace it with a baseball uniform, I saw him leaving behind the layer that no longer served him, just as our lizard had. Neither of them chose the moment that had transformed them. But they had to live with who they were after everything was different. Just like us. I realized that we have to learn to leave the past behind.
Humans do not shed skin as easily as other animals. The beginning of change is upsetting. The process is tiring. Damage changes us before we are ready. I see our lizard, raw and nearly new.
Jordan said that no matter how it ends, it starts with hope. With our tender, hopeful skin, that is where we begin.
40. What can we learn about the pet lizard from Paragraph 1
A. Its tank grew dirty. B. Its old skin came off.
C. It got a skin disease. D. It went missing.
41. Why did the author's husband have banana pudding for his birthday
A. The birthday cake was ruined. B. The author made good puddings.
C. Pudding was his favorite dessert. D. They couldn't afford a birthday cake.
42. Why does the author mention The Last Dance in the passage
A. To prove a theory. B. To define a concept.
C. To develop the theme. D. To provide the background.
43. The underlined part "leaving behind the layer" in Paragraph 8 can be understood as .
A. letting go of the past B. looking for a new job
C. getting rid of a bad habit D. giving up an opportunity
44. What does the author most likely want to tell us
A. Love of family helps us survive great hardships. B. It's not the end of the world if we break things.
C. We should move on no matter what happens. D. Past experiences should be treasured.
2021年1月浙江卷之A篇
More than 25 years ago, Saroo Brierley lived in rural（农村）India. One day, he played with his brother along the rail line and fell asleep. When he woke up and found himself alone, the 4-year-old decided his brother might be on the train he saw in front of him-so he got on.
That train took him a thousand miles across the country to a totally strange city. He lived on the streets, and then in an orphanage（孤儿院）. There, he was adopted by an Australian family and flown to Tasmania.
As he writes in his new book, A Long Way Home, Brierley couldn't help but wonder about his hometown back in India. He remembered landmarks, but since he didn't know his town's name, finding a small neighborhood in a vast country proved to be impossible.
Then he found a digital mapping program. He spent years searching for his hometown in the program's satellite pictures. In 2011, he came across something familiar. He studied it and realized he was looking at a town's central business district from a bird's-eye view. He thought, “On the right-hand side you should see the three-platform train station”—and there it was. "And on the left-hand side you should see a big fountain"-and there it was. Everything just started to match.
When he stood in front of the house where he grew up as a child, he saw a lady standing in the entrance. "There's something about me, " he thought—and it took him a few seconds but he finally remembered what she used to look like.
In an interview Brierley says, "My mother looked so much shorter than I remembered. But she came forth and walked forward, and I walked forward, and my feelings and tears and the chemical in my brain, you know, it was like a nuclear fusion（核聚变）. I just didn't know what to say, because I never thought seeing my mother would ever come true. And here I am, standing in front of her.”
38．Why was Brierley separated from his family about 25 years ago
A．He got on a train by mistake.
B．He got lost while playing in the street.
C．He was taken away by a foreigner.
D．He was adopted by an Australian family.
39．How did Brierley find his hometown
A．By analyzing old pictures.
B．By travelling all around India.
C．By studying digital maps.
D．By spreading his story via his book.
40．What does Brierley mainly talk about in the interview
A．His love for his mother.
B．His reunion with his mother.
C．His long way back home.
D．His memory of his hometown.
2020年高考真题
2020·全国卷II，D
I have a special place in my heart for libraries. I have for as long as I can remember. I was always an enthusiastic reader, sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child. Stories were like air to me and while other kids played ball or went to parties, I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the library.
My first job was working at the Ukiah Library when I was 16 years old .It was a dream job and I did everything from shelving books to reading to the children for story time.
As I grew older and became a mother, the library took on a new place and an added meaning in my life. I had several children and books were our main source(来源) of entertainment. It was a big deal for us to load up and go to the local library, where my kids could pick out books to read or books they wanted me to read to them.
I always read ,using different voices ,as though I were acting out the stories with my voice and they loved it !It was a special time to bond with my children and it filled them with the wonderment of books .
Now, I see my children taking their children to the library and I love that the excitement of going to the library lives on form generation to generation.
As a novelist, I’ve found a new relationship with libraries. I encourage readers to go to their local library when they can’t afford to purchase a book. I see libraries as a safe haven(避风港) for readers and writers, a bridge that helps put together a reader with a book. Libraries, in their own way, help fight book piracy(盗版行为) and 1 think all writers should support libraries in a significant way when they can. Encourage readers to use the library. Share library announcements on your social media. Frequent them and talk about them when you can.
1. Which word best describes the author’s relationship with books as a child
A. Cooperative. B. Uneasy. C. Inseparable. D. Casual.
2. What does the underlined phrase “an added meaning” in paragraph 3 refer to
A. Pleasure from working in the library.
B. Joy of reading passed on in the family.
C. Wonderment from acting out the stories.
D. A closer bond developed with the readers.
3. What does the author call on other writers to do
A. Sponsor book fairs. B. Write for social media.
C. Support libraries. D. Purchase her novels.
4. Which can be a suitable title for the text
A. Reading: A Source of Knowledge
B. My Idea about writing
C. Library: A Haven for the Young
D. My Love of the Library
2020北京卷C篇
For the past five years, Paula Smith, a historian of science, has devoted herself to re-creating long-forgotten techniques. While doing research for her new book, she came across a 16th-century French manuscript（手稿）consisting of nearly 1,000 sets of instructions, covering subjects from tool making to finding the best sand.
The author's intention remains as mysterious（神秘）as his name; he may have been simply taking notes for his own records. But Smith was struck mainly by the fact that she didn't truly grasp any of the skills the author described. "You simply can't get an understanding of that handwork by reading about it," she says.
Though Smith did get her hands on the best sand, doing things the old-fashioned way isn't just about playing around with French mud. Reconstructing the work of the craftsmen（工匠）who lived centuries ago can reveal how they viewed the world, what objects filled their homes, and what went on in the workshops that produced them. It can even help solve present-day problems: In 2015, scientists discovered that a 10th-century English medicine for eve problems could kill a drug-resistant virus.
The work has also brought insights for museums, Smith says. One must know how on object was made in order to preserve it. What's more, reconstructions might be the only way to know what treasures looked like before time wore them down. Scholars have seen this idea in practice with ancient Greek and Roman statues. These sculptures were painted a rainbow of striking colours. We can't appreciate these kinds of details without seeing works of art as they originally appeared-something Smith believes you can do only when you have a road map.
Smith has put the manuscript's ideas into practice. Her final goal is to link the worlds of art and science back together: She believes that bringing the old recipes to life can help develop a kind of learning that highlights experimentation, teamwork, and problem solving.
Back when science—then called “the new philosophy”—took shape, academics looked to craftsmen for help in understanding the natural world. Microscopes and telescopes were invented by way of artistic tinkering（修补）, as craftsmen experimented with glass to better bend light.
If we can rediscover the values of hands-on experience and craftwork, Smith says, we can marry the best of our modern insights with the handiness of our ancestors.
38. How did Smith, feel after reading the French manuscript
A. Confused about the technical terms.
B. Impressed with its detailed instructions.
C. Discouraged by its complex structure.
D. Shocked for her own lack of hand skills.
39. According to Smith, the reconstruction work is done mainly to _____________.
A. restore old workshops B. understand the craftsmen
C. improve visual effects D. inspire the philosophers
40. Why does the author mention museums
A. To reveal the beauty of ancient objects.
B. To present the findings of old science.
C To highlight the importance of antiques.
D. To emphasise the values of hand skills.
41. Which would be the best title for this passage
A. Craftsmen Set the Trends for Artists
B. Craftsmanship Leads to New Theories
C. Craftsmanship Makes Better Scientists
D. Craftsmen Reshape the Future of Science
2020江苏卷A篇
Some important dates in China’s fighting Covid-19 before May 7,2020
Jan 20, 2020~ Feb 20,2020 Jan 23: Wuhan declared temporary outbound (向外的) traffic restrictions. Jan 24: National medical teams began to be sent to Hubei and wuhan. Jan 27: The Central Steering (指导) Group arrived in Wuhan. Feb 18: The daily number of newly cured and discharged (出院) patients exceeded that of the newly confirmed cases.
Feb 21, 2020~ Mar 17,2020 Feb 21: Most provinces and equivalent administrative units started to lower their public health emergency response level. Feb 24: The WHO-China Joint Mission on Covid-19 held a press conference in Beijing. Mar 11-17: The epidemic (流行病) peak had passed in China as a whole.
Mar 18,2020 ~Apr 28,2020 Apr1: Chinese customs began NAT (核酸检测) on inbound arrivals at all points of entry. Apr 8: Wuhan lifted outbound traffic restrictions. Apr 26: The last Covid-19 patient in Wuhan was discharged from hospital.
Apr 29, 2020~ May 7,2020 Apr 30: The public health emergency response was lowered to Level 2 in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. May 7: The State Council released Guidelines on Conducting Covid-19 Prevention and Control on an Ongoing Basis.
56. What happened between January 20 and February 20
A. The Central Steering Group arrived in Wuhan.
B. The WHO-China Joint Mission on Covid-19 held a press conference.
C. The last Covid-19 patient in Wuhan was discharged from hospital.
D. Beijing lowered its emergency response level.
57. From which date were private cars allowed to go out of Wuhan
A. January 23. B. March 11. C. April 8. D. May 7.
2020·江苏卷，D）
I was in the middle of the Amazon(亚马逊) with my wife, who was there as a medical researcher. We flew on a small plane to a faraway village. We did not speak the local language, did not know the customs, and more often than not, did not entirely recognize the food. We could not have felt more foreign.
We were raised on books and computers, highways and cell phones, but now we were living in a village without running water or electricity It was easy for us to go to sleep at the end of the day feeling a little misunderstood.
Then one perfect Amazonian evening, with monkeys calling from beyond the village green, we played soccer. I am not good at soccer, but that evening it was wonderful. Everyone knew the rules. We all spoke the same language of passes and shots. We understood one another perfectly. As darkness came over the field and the match ended, the goal keeper, Juan, walked over to me and said in a matter-of-fact way, “In your home, do you have a moon too ” I was surprised.
After I explained to Juan that yes, we did have a moon and yes, it was very similar to his, I felt a sort of awe(敬畏) at the possibilities that existed in his world. In Juan’s world, each village could have its own moon. In Juan’s world. the unknown and undiscovered was vast and marvelous. Anything was possible.
In our society, we know that Earth has only one moon. We have looked at our planet from every angle and found all of the wildest things left to find. I can, from my computer at home, pull up satellite images of Juan’s village. There are no more continents and no more moons to search for, little left to discover. At least it seems that way.
Yet, as I thought about Juan’s question, I was not sure how much more we could really rule out. I am, in part, an ant biologist, so my thoughts turned to what we know about insect life and I knew that much in the world of insects remains unknown. How much, though How ignorant(无知的) are we The question of what we know and do not know constantly bothered me.
I began collecting newspaper articles about new species, new monkey, new spider…, and on and on they appear. My drawer quickly filled. I began a second drawer for more general discoveries: new cave system discovered with dozens of nameless species, four hundred species of bacteria found in the human stomach. The second drawer began to fill and as it did I wondered whether there were bigger discoveries out there, not just species, but life that depends on things thought to be useless, life even without DNA. I started a third drawer for these big discoveries. It fills more slowly, but all the same, it fills.
In looking into the stories of biological discovery, I also began to find something else, a collection of scientists, usually brilliant occasionally half-mad, who made the discoveries. Those scientists very often see the same things that other scientists see, but they pay more attention to them, and they focus on them to the point of exhaustion(穷尽), and at the risk of the ridicule of their peers. In looking for the stories of discovery, I found the stories of these people and how their lives changed our view of the world.
We are repeatedly willing to imagine we have found most of what is left to discover. We used to think that insects were the smallest organisms(生物), and that nothing lived deeper than six hundred meters. Yet, when something new turns up, more often than not, we do not even know its name.
1. How did the author feel on his arrival in the Amazon
A. Out of place. B. Full of joy. C. Sleepy. D. Regretful.
2. What made that Amazonian evening wonderful
A. He learned more about the local language.
B. They had a nice conversation with each other.
C. They understood each other while playing.
D. He won the soccer game with the goal keeper.
3. Why was the author surprised at Juan’s question about the moon
A. The question was too straightforward.
B. Juan knew so little about the world.
C. The author didn’t know how to answer.
D. The author didn’t think Juan was sincere.
4. What was the author’s initial purpose of collecting newspaper articles
A. To sort out what we have known.
B. To deepen his research into Amazonians.
C. To improve his reputation as a biologist.
D. To learn more about local cultures.
5. How did those brilliant scientists make great discoveries
A. They shifted their viewpoints frequently.
B. They followed other scientists closely.
C. They often criticized their fellow scientists.
D. They conducted in-depth and close studies.
6. What could be the most suitable title for the passage
A. The Possible and the Impossible.
B. The Known and the Unknown.
C. The Civilized and the Uncivilized.
D. The Ignorant and the Intelligent.
2020年山东卷之B篇
Jenifer Mauer has needed more willpower than the typical college student to pursue her goal of earning a nursing degree. That willpower bore fruit when Jennifer graduated from University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire and became the first in her large family to earn a bachelor's degree.
Mauer, of Edgar, Wisconsin, grew up on a farm in a family of 10 children. Her dad worked at a job away from the farm, and her mother ran the farm with the kids. After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her tuition(学费), because there was no extra money set aside for a college education. After graduation, she worked to help her sisters and brothers pay for their schooling.
Jennifer now is married and has three children of her own. She decided to go back to college to advance her career and to be able to better support her family while doing something she loves: nursing. She chose the UW-Eau Claire program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home. She could drive to class and be home in the evening to help with her kids. Jenifer received great support from her family as she worked to earn her degree: Her husband worked two jobs to cover the bills, and her 68-year-old mother helped take care of the children at times.
Through it all, she remained in good academic standing and graduated with honors. Jennifer sacrificed(牺牲)to achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study. ''Some nights my heart was breaking to have to pick between my kids and studying for exams or papers,'' she says. However, her children have learned an important lesson witnessing their mother earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and an inspiration to her family-and that's pretty powerful.
4. What did Jennifer do after high school
A. She helped her dad with his work.
B. She ran the family farm on her own.
C. She supported herself through college.
D. She taught her sisters and brothers at home.
5. Why did Jennifer choose the program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield
A. To take care of her kids easily. B. To learn from the best nurses.
C. To save money for her parents. D. To find a well-paid job there.
6. What did Jennifer sacrifice to achieve her goal
A. Her health. B. Her time with family.
C. Her reputation. D. Her chance of promotion.
7. What can we learn from Jenifer's story
A. Time is money. B. Love breaks down barriers.
C. Hard work pays off. D. Education is the key to success.
2020年山东卷之C篇
In the mid-1990s, Tom Bissell taught English as a volunteer in Uzbekistan. He left after seven months, physically broken and having lost his mind. A few years later, still attracted to the country, he returned to Uzbekistan to write an article about the disappearance of the Aral Sea.
His visit, however, ended up involving a lot more than that. Hence this book, Chasing the Sea: Lost Among the Ghosts of Empire in Central Asia, which talks about a road trip from Tashkent to Karakalpakstan, where millions of lives have been destroyed by the slow drying up of the sea. It is the story of an American travelling to a strange land, and of the people he meets on his way: Rustam, his translator, a lovely 24-year-old who picked up his colorful English in California, Oleg and Natasha, his hosts in Tashkent, and a string of foreign aid workers.
This is a quick look at life in Uzbekistan, made of friendliness and warmth, but also its darker side of society. In Samarkand, Mr Bissell admires the architectural wonders, while on his way to Bukhara he gets a taste of police methods when suspected of drug dealing. In Ferghana, he attends a mountain funeral(葬礼)followed by a strange drinking party. And in Karakalpakstan, he is saddened by the dust storms, diseases and fishing boats stuck miles from the sea.
Mr Bissell skillfully organizes historical insights and cultural references, making his tale a well-rounded picture of Uzbekistan, seen from Western eyes. His judgment and references are decidedly American, as well as his delicate stomach. As the author explains, this is neither a travel nor a history book, or even a piece of reportage. Whatever it is, the result is a fine and vivid description of the purest of Central Asian traditions.
8. What made Mr Bissell return to Uzbekistan
A. His friends' invitation. B. His interest in the country.
C. His love for teaching. D. His desire to regain health.
9. What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 2 refer to
A Developing a serious mental disease.
B. Taking a guided tour in Central Asia.
C. Working as a volunteer in Uzbekistan.
D. Writing an article about the Aral Sea.
10. Which of the following best describes Mr Bissell's road trip in Uzbekistan
A. Romantic. B. Eventful. C. Pleasant. D. Dangerous.
11. What is the purpose of this text
A. To introduce a book. B. To explain a cultural phenomenon.
C. To remember a writer. D. To recommend a travel destination.
2020·天津卷，B）
“They tell me that you’d like to make a statue(塑像) of me-is that correct, Miss Vinnie Ream ”
The deep, gentle voice helped calm the nervous girl. Asking a favor of the President of the United States was no casual matter, especially for a seventeen-year-old girl.
“Yes, sir,” she replied, her dark eyes meeting his. “I wouldn’t have duo ask you, but my teacher, Mr. Mills, says I am ready. I plan to make it in an admirable manner. “
President Lincoln smiled. “Painters, sculptors-they’ve all tried to make the best of this ordinary face, but I’m afraid there’s not much hope. What did you have in mind, Miss Ream A bust(半身像) ”
Before Vinnie could say yes, the President hurried on, a shade of apology in his voice.
“Of course-I shouldn’t have asked. A full-length pose would be much too big a project for a young woman your size. “
Vinnie’s face turned red. She realized she looked like a child, with her tiny figure. “Small does not mean weak, sir,” she defended herself. “I was born in the country of Wisconsin. I’ve driven teams of horses and carried water. Making a full-length clay(粘土) figure would not exhaust my strength-and that is what I intend to do!”
The President’s eyes, brightened at her show of spirit. “Sorry, madam, I have underestimated you as I didn’t know your background.”
But his smile faded as he rubbed his beard with bony fingers, in thought. “Miss Ream,” he sighed, “I’d like to let you do it, but as you know, we are in the middle of a war. How could I possibly take the time to pose for a sculpture now I hardly have a minute to myself.”
Vinnie glanced around and noted the size of his office. “I work quickly,” she said. Her voice was soft but confident as she pointed to the corner near the windows. “If I were to bring my clay here and work for three hours every afternoon, I could complete most of the project while you are at your desk.”
The President seemed to consider her idea seriously. He got up and shook Vinnie’s hand warmly, “I’ve heard that you are a talented young woman, and I have found you charming and intelligent as well. I cannot make my decision immediately, but you will hear from
