2024年中考英语专题课件：话题十七 自然(共51张PPT)

(共51张PPT)
2024年中考英语专题
课件
第一部分 话题培优
话题十七 自然
重难点突破
表达能力提升
核心素养培优
自然（Nature）下的子话题分别为动物和植物（Animals and plants）、
山川与河流（Mountains and rivers）、 季节（Seasons）、 宇宙
（Universe）、人与自然（Man and nature）。想掌握并灵活运用有关自
然的内容，需要掌握以下知识点。
重难点突破
01
1.现在进行时
【观察】① Are you writing a letter to your friends now
② We are planting trees these days.
③ They are leaving for England tomorrow afternoon.
【探究】现在进行时的用法：
（1）表示现在正在进行的动作或正在发生的事。
（2）表示现阶段正在进行的事， 此刻不一定正在进行。
（3）表示位移的动词（短语）， 常用现在进行时表将来。
现在进行时的标志词：now, right now, at present, at this time, at the
moment, at this moment, these days, look, listen等。
【运用】单项选择。
（1）（2023·江西中考）—What's that noise, Tom
—Oh, some children ___ in the yard.
B
A.play B.are playing C.played D.will play
（2）（2022·北京中考）The workers ___ the community center now.
D
A.cleaned B.were cleaning C.will clean D.are cleaning
（3）（2022·葫芦岛中考）—Why is Kate absent from class
—Oh, she ___ the meeting.
C
A.was attending B.attended C.is attending D.attend
2.辨析other，the other，others，the others与another
【观察】① Do you have other questions？
② I have two pens. One is red，and the other is black.
③ Some are dancing，and others are singing.
④ There are forty students in our class. Twenty-eight of us are boys，
and the others are girls.
⑤ I don't like this one. Please show me another.
【探究】（1）other可作形容词或代词，作形容词时意为“别的；其他的”。
（2）the other意为“另一个”，常用于指代两个人或物中的另一个。常用结
构为one…the other…，意为“一个……，另一个……”。
（3）others泛指其余的人或物，但并非全部，用作代词，相当于
“other+可数名词复数”,在句中作主语或宾语。常用结构为some…others…，
意为“一些……，另一些……”。
（4）the others意为“其他东西；其余的人”，相当于“the other+可数名词
复数”,特指某一范围内剩余的人或物。
（5）another既可作形容词，也可作代词，泛指三者或三者以上中的
“另一个；再一个”。
【运用】 单项选择。
（1）—I have two postcards. One is for Tom and ______ is for Jim.
—Why not buy ____ one for Jack
A.the other; other B.another; the other
C.the other; another D.other; the other
C
C
（2）There are some ____ ways for them to get to ______ side of the
mountain.
A.another； another B.others； other
C.other； other D.other； the other
D
（3）—Sir, this T-shirt is a bit small. Can you show me___ one
—Sorry, this is the biggest one in our shop.
A
A.another B.the other C.other D.others
D
3.辨析give, provide与offer
【观察】① My mom gives me a toy bear on my birthday.
② The government provides free lunch for the poor.
③ He offers a room to me when I am travelling here.
【探究】（1）give意为“给；赠送”，常用结构：give sb. sth.=give sth. to
sb.。
（2）provide意为“提供；供应”，常用结构：provide sb. with sth.=provide
sth. for sb.。
（3）offer意为“提供；给予”,常用结构：offer sb. sth.=offer sth. to sb.。
【运用】用give, provide或offer的适当形式填空。
（1）Our business won't improve unless we ______ better service to our
customers.
（2）Luckily, the local hospital promised to ________ the old with free
medical treatment.
（3）Instead of throwing away all these old clothes, we can simply
_____ them to the people who need them.
offer
provide
give
表达能力提升
02
Ⅰ.补全对话
根据下面对话中的情境，在每个空白处填入一个适当的语句，使对话
恢复完整。
A: Hi, Tom! It's sunny and hot today.
B: Yes. Summer is always hot. But I like summer.
A: 1._________________________？
B: My favorite season is autumn. It's colorful and the weather is nice
and cool.
A: Yes. 2.____________________________________________？
What's your favorite season
What do you usually do on weekends in autumn
B: I usually help my uncle pick apples on his farm on weekends in
autumn. Do you like eating apples
A:3.__________.They are good for our health. People say,“An apple a
day keeps the doctor away.”
B: By the way, what are you going to do
A: 4._________________________.Would you like to go swimming with
me
B: Of course. Wait a moment. Let me tell my mom about it.
A: 5._____.
Yes, I do
I'm going to go swimming
OK
Ⅱ.书面表达
说起小动物，你的脑海中会
浮现哪些画面，干净活泼的猫咪，
还是对主人忠诚不二的小狗？这
些可爱又有灵性的小动物让我们
的生活丰富多彩，充满乐趣。你最喜欢的小动物是什么？你和它之间发生
过怎样令人难忘的故事？小动物在你的生活中有怎样重要的位置？写一篇
短文来和大家分享一下。
要求：1.短文中须包括图表中包含的全部信息，条理清楚，行文连贯，
可适当发挥；
2.短文中不能出现真实的人名、地名和校名等；
3.词数：不少于70。
I think animals are our friends. I like animals very much.
Once my mother bought a gold fish for me as a gift. It looked very
beautiful. I liked it very much. I put it in a big bowl and fed it every
day. I thought I should try my best to look after it. But one day, I
found it was dead. It made me very sad. My mother said that it was too
full because I fed it too much.
From then on, I realized I should learn more about the habits of
small animals in order to care for them well.
核心素养培优
03
Ⅰ.完形填空
（2023·广州中考改编）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上
下文连贯的要求，然后从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文
连贯完整。
It was a beautiful spring day in a forest in ancient China. High up
in a tree, a mother bird was watching . .1. . six baby birds come out of
the eggs lovingly. Five of them were strong. They chirped loudly. But
the last one that came out was not strong at all. This little one . .2. .
Little Six. He was weak and quiet. He was not fast enough . .3. . the
worms （虫子） Mama Bird brought back. Little Six ate . .4. . food, so
he was always hungry. And he didn't like that.
Little Six didn't have a strong body, . .5. . he had a strong will. He
decided . .6. . he would get stronger. He would do exercises and flap
（拍动） his wings every day.
Every morning, Little Six would rise before the sun even came up.
When his brothers and sisters woke, Little Six had already finished all
his exercises. Morning after morning, he practiced . .7. . his wings, and
they were getting stronger and stronger. He always got the first worms
Mama brought back home.
All through the spring, Little Six woke up . .8. . than his brothers and
sisters. Week after week, he worked harder than they did. He could eat
big meals and did not go hungry any more.
After a couple of months, all the baby birds had grown well. Mama
Bird brought them together and taught them to fly. . .9. . everyone's
surprise, Little Six was the first to start flying!
“Chirp! Chirp! Look at me!” Little Six cried . .10. . while his brothers
and sisters still fought hard, trying to fly up.
1.( ) A.she B.her C.hers D.herself
B
2.( ) A.called B.was calling C.was called D.were called
C
3.( ) A.get B.got C.getting D.to get
D
4.( ) A.little B.few C.much D.many
A
5.( ) A.and B.but C.because D.so
B
6.( ) A.what B.why C.when D.that
D
7.( ) A.flap B.to flap C.flapping D.flapped
C
8.( ) A.early B.earlier C.earliest D.the earliest
B
9.( ) A.In B.To C.For D.At
B
10.( ) A.happy B.happier C.happiness D.happily
D
Ⅱ.阅读理解
第一节：阅读下面两篇短文，从所给的四个选项中选出能回答所提问题或
完成所给句子的一个最佳答案。
（A）（2023·广西中考改编）
Southern white rhinos （犀牛） mainly live in Africa. They are very
large in size, about 4 meters long, 1.75 meters high, and over two tons
in weight. There are two horns （角） on the nose. The front horn is
over half a meter long, while the other one is smaller. Southern white
rhinos are not really white. They are grey in color. “White” may come
from the Afrikaans word for “wide”. It has some connection with their
wide mouths.
Southern white rhinos live on grass, leaves, fruit and so on. They
have very poor eyesight. However, they have good hearing and an
excellent sense of smell. Their skin is nearly 5cm thick but is very
sensitive. During the day, they try to find a cool place to avoid sunburn.
Southern white rhinos lie in mud （泥浆） when they can, as it sticks
to their skin and protects them from the bright African sun.
Some humans kill rhinos for their horns. They sell horns to those
who believe horns have magic powers or can treat sickness. It puts
southern white rhinos in danger.
Now many actions are taken to protect southern white rhinos. The
international trade in rhino horn has been stopped in the world. Besides,
many protected areas have been built, especially in South Africa. Up to
2020, more than 20 countries have made rules to protect southern white
rhinos. Today the number of southern white rhinos has increased to over
20,000 in the wild.
1.Where do southern white rhinos mainly live ( )
C
A.In Europe. B.In America. C.In Africa. D.In Asia.
2.What color are southern white rhinos ( )
C
A.Red. B.Blue. C.Grey. D.Green.
3.What does the underlined word “sensitive” probably mean in Paragraph
2 ( )
B
A.健康的 B.敏感的 C.光滑的 D.机智的
4.Why do some humans kill southern white rhinos ( )
A
A.For their horns. B.For their meat. C.For their noses. D.For their skin.
5.What is the last paragraph mainly about ( )
B
A.Ways to feed southern white rhinos.
B.Actions of protecting southern white rhinos.
C.Places for southern white rhinos to live in.
D.The purpose of killing southern white rhinos.
（B）（2023·岳阳中考改编）
The Three Treasures of Dongting Lake （in 2023）
River porpoise （江豚） —has a round head with a pointed mouth （钝吻）. —is all gray white, looks likea dolphin（海豚）. —about 162 por-poises in Dong-ting Lake. Milu deer （麋鹿） —is a large animal fed on grass. —is about 170~217cm long and 122~137 cm tall. —weighs about 120~250 kilos. —has a pair of special horns. Migratory birds
（候鸟）
—come from the north
in autumn and fly back in late spring the next year.
—about 500 kinds,
nearly 298,000 birds in
Dongting Lake.
1.How many river porpoises are living in Dongting Lake ( )
B
A.Around 170. B.Around 162. C.Around 137. D.Around 217.
2.What's the weight of an adult Milu deer ( )
A
A.About 250 kilos. B.About 110 kilos.
C.About 90 kilos. D.About 270 kilos.
3.Migratory birds come to Dongting Lake in ___.
B
A.spring B.autumn C.winter D.summer
第二节：根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
（C）（2023·江西中考）
Bamboo is a wonderful plant for many people around the world.
1.___ People make tables, clothes, medicine, and musical instruments with
it. Pandas may eat bamboo every day, but people can also eat it.
B
2.___ Some bamboo grows so quickly that people say they can
watch it grow. The speed of growth depends on the type of bamboo, the
earth and the season. Normal bamboo grows 3—10 cm a day. It usually
grows in tropical （热带的） areas. 3.___ Bamboo plants are found in
Asia, Australia, parts of Africa, and South America.
G
E
One of the world's oldest building materials is bamboo. Like today,
people use it because it's very strong. They used it to build houses, boats,
and bridges. The Chinese made a bamboo bridge over the Min River in
Sichuan, China almost 1,000 years ago. 4.___ Also, bamboo is still used
to make houses today, especially in China and Philippines.
A
As a part of history, bamboo is very important. The great scientist
Thomas Edison did not invent the light bulb （灯泡）, but he made it
perfect. He wanted the material inside to burn for a long period of time.
He tried over 1,000 different types of materials. 5.___ One day, he tried
to use a piece of bamboo and the light bulb lit up for over a thousand
hours. This invention helped other scientists to make the modern light
bulb we use today.
C
A. You can still visit it today.
B. There are over 1,000 uses for it.
C. However none worked very well.
D. Bamboo is light because it is empty inside.
E. It can also be found in other parts of the world.
F. Chinese people like drawing pictures of bamboo.
G. The fastest growing plant in the world is bamboo.
Ⅲ.完成句子：根据所给汉语意思，用单词或短语完成下列英文句子。
1.（2023·日照中考改编）当地的动植物在国家公园被保护得很好。
Local plants and animals are__________________________ in national
parks.
well protected/protected well
2.燕子在冬天迁徙到南方。
Swallows migrate ______ in winter.
south
3.（2022·包头中考改编）有些动物在一年中的某些时候从一个地方迁移到
另一个地方。
Some animals move from one place __________ at certain times of the
year.
to another
4.游客经常破坏岛上的自然生态平衡。
Tourists often disturb ____________________ on the island.
the balance of nature
5.孩子们主动要求洗盘子。
The kids _______________ the dishes.
offered to wash
Ⅳ.短文填空
（2023·陕西中考）用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整
正确。（每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词。）
be, end, easy, bird, problem, develop, get, noise, high, offer
Nature is wonderful. It 1.___ our best teacher. It teaches us a lot
and we are born to learn from it to solve 2._________. For example,
scientists used what they saw in nature to improve our way of traveling.
In days of high-speed train research and 3.____________, scientists were
once faced with a noise problem. The trains pushed air through tunnels
at 4._____ speeds. So, when a train came out of a tunnel, it could be
is
problems
development
high
very, very 5.______. However, kingfisher birds hardly make a sound
when they get into lakes or rivers. Engineers 6.____ a clever idea. They
changed the front of the trains to match the shape of the kingfisher.
Then the air could 7.______ pass over the trains. The problem was
solved!
noisy
got
easily
bounds（永无止境）!
The kingfisher 8.___________ example is just one that we learned
from nature. Scientists study the smart models that nature can 9.______.
Then they use their wisdom（智慧） and imagination to design new
products. Nature provides us with 10.________ possibilities to find
wonderful ways to improve our lives. Learning from nature knows no
bird's/birds'
offer
endless
Ⅴ.任务型阅读
（2023·广安中考改编）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成下列各题。
We know that many animals do not stay in one place. Birds, fish
and other animals move from one place to another at a certain time.
They move for different reasons. Most of them move to find food more
easily, but others move to get away from places that are too crowded.
When cold weather comes, many birds move to warmer places to
find food. Some fishes give birth in warm water and move to cold water
to feed. The most famous migration is probably the migration of the fish
which is called “salmon”. This fish is born in fresh water but it travels
many miles to salt water. There it spends most of its life. When it is old,
it returns to its birthplace in fresh water. Then it gives birth and dies
there.
In the north of Europe, there is a kind of mice. They leave their
mountain homes when their homes become too crowded. They move
down to the low land. Sometimes they move all the way to the seaside
and many of them are killed when they fall into the sea.
Recently scientists have studied the migration of a special kind of
lobsters（龙虾）. Every year when the season of bad weather arrives, the
lobsters get into a long line and start to walk across the floor of the
ocean. Nobody knows where they go.
So sometimes we know why animals move from one place to
another but at other time we don't. Maybe living things just like to travel.
1.What do most animals move from one place to another at a certain
time for
They do it in order to ____________________.
get food more easily
2.Where does the fish called “salmon” spend a long life
It spends a long life in__________.
salt water
3.When do the mice in the north of Europe move
They move when______________________________.
their homes become too crowded
4.Where do the special lobsters go according to the passage
________knows where they go.
Nobody
5.What's the main idea of the passage
The main idea of the passage is animals ____________________________
________________________________.
move from one place to another for different reasons
thanks