2024年中考英语专题课件：话题十一 卫生与健康&安全与救护

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2024年中考英语专题
课件
第一部分 话题培优
话题十一 卫生与健康&安全与救护
重难点突破
表达能力提升
核心素养培优
卫生与健康（Hygiene and health）下的子话题分别为身体部位
（Parts of body）、体育健身（Physical fitness and exercise）、个人卫生
（Personal hygiene）、疾病（Illnesses）、健康饮食（Healthy diet）、医
疗（Medical care），安全与救护（Safety and first aid）下的子话题分别
为安全守则（Safety rules）、意外（Accidents）、急救（First aid）、自
我保护（Self protection）。这部分话题涉及个人日常的卫生与健康习惯、
安全问题、意外、急救和自我保护的知识，想要自如地表述更多有关这部
分话题的内容，需要掌握以下知识点。
重难点突破
01
1.询问某人健康状况或所处境况的句型
【观察】① —What's the matter
—I have a stomachache.
② —What's the matter with Ben
—He hurts himself. He has a sore back.
【探究】（1）询问某人健康状况或所处境况的句型:
（2） 回答有关健康状况或所处境况的句型：
①主语+have/has/had+a+cold/… 某人感冒/……了。
②主语+have/has/had+a+身体部位-ache. 某人……疼。
③主语+have/has/had+a+sore+身体部位. 某人……疼。
④主语+hurt/hurts+my/his/her+身体部位. 某人/物伤了我/他/她的……
⑤There is something wrong with+one's+身体部位. 某人的……有问题。
（3）在听到某人身体或境况不好时，常用“I'm sorry to hear that.”来回应。
【运用】 根据汉语意思完成句子。
（1）杰克伤了他的胳膊，正卧床休息。
Jack _____________ and is resting in bed.
hurts his arm
（2）记得吃早餐，否则你可能会胃疼。
Remember to have breakfast, or you might ___________________.
have a stomachache
（3）因为昨天淋了大雨，所以马克患了重感冒。
Mark _______________ because he got wet in the heavy rain yesterday.
had a bad cold
2.have problems （in） doing sth.
【观察】If you have problems （in） finding the way, please turn to the
policeman.
【探究】have problems（in） doing sth.表示“做某事有问题”。类似的表
达还有：have trouble/difficulty （in） doing sth.
【拓展】have problems/trouble/difficulty with sth.表示“在某方面有问题”。
【运用】单项选择。
（1）When you have problems ___ math, please ask me for help.
C
A.in B.at C.with D.on
（2）—Do you have any difficulty in___ English
—Yes, but I am trying to make progress.
B
A.to learn B.learning C.learnt D.learns
3.辨析be used to doing sth., be used to do sth.与used to do sth.
【观察】① As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks.
② This knife is used to cut bread.
③ I used to go fishing in the pool in front of my house.
【探究】
搭配 含义 用法
be used to doing sth. 习惯于做 某事 主语是人，to 为介词，后跟动名词，可
将be替换为get
be used to do sth. 被用来做 某事 主语是物，to 为不定式符号，后跟动词
原形。（=be used for doing sth.）
used to do sth. 过去常常 做某事 主语是人，to为不定式符号，后跟动词
原形
【运用】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
（1）In English, the word “dog” is used _______________________
（express）positive feelings.
（2）He used ______（be） a quiet boy. But now he is outgoing and is
willing to express himself.
to express/for expressing
to be
（3）Although mobile phones are widely used in our lives, it is
surprising that they are hardly used _________（make） calls for many
people.
to make
（4）（2022·达州中考改编）— Bruce ____ so much in the past two
years.
— Yeah, he ______be shy, but now he is confident and active.
A.has changed; used to B.changed; is used to
C.changed; used to D.has changed; is used to
A
A
4.辨析so…that…与 so that
【观察】① This story was so convincing that hundreds of people
believed it.
② With his left arm, he bandaged himself so that he would not lose too
much blood.
【探究】（1）so…that…意为“如此……以至于……”，so 表示程度，后接
形容词或副词，that引导结果状语从句。当that 引导的结果状语从句是肯
定句时，可以与enough…to…互换；当that引导的结果状语从句是否定句时，
可以与too…to…互换。如：
The question was so easy that everyone could answer it.=The question
was easy enough for everybody to answer.
The girl was so tired that she couldn't move any more.= The girl was
too tired to move any more.
（2）so that意为“为了；以便”，引导目的状语从句，相当于in order that,
从句中谓语动词常和can,may,should 等情态动词连用。如：
I spend more time learning English every day so that I can make greater
progress this year.
【拓展】so that既可以引导目的状语从句，也可以引导结果状语从句。引
导目的状语从句时，意为“为了；以便”；引导结果状语从句时，意为
“因此；所以”。如：
He spoke clearly so that everyone heard him.（结果状语从句）
He spoke clearly so that everyone could hear him.（目的状语从句）
【运用】单项选择。
（1）I looked through my test paper again ___ I wouldn't make any
mistakes.
C
A.so B.because C.so that D.and
（2）He felt ___surprised that he couldn't say a word.
C
A.very B.such C.so D.too
把下列句子翻译成英语。
（3）为了能考上好高中,他努力学习。
______________________________________________________
He studies hard so that he can get into a good high school.
（4）他学习如此努力，以至于考上了好高中。
___________________________________________________
He studied so hard that he got into a good high school.
5.辨析too much 与much too
【观察】① She talked too much yesterday and didn't drink enough water.
② She was much too happy to hear the news.
【探究】
词组 含义 用法 例句
too much 太多 修饰不可数 名词 There is too much rain these days.
修饰动词 Watching TV too much is bad for your
eyes.
much too 太 修饰形容词 或副词 He was driving much too fast.
【运用】单项选择。
The new kind of car is ______dear. I don't have ____ money.
A.too much; much too B.much too; too much
C.too much; too much D.much too; much too
B
B
表达能力提升
02
Ⅰ.补全对话
（2022·牡丹江、鸡西中考）根据下面对话中的情境，在每个空白处
填入一个适当的语句，使对话恢复完整。
A: Hi, Lisa. You don't look well. 1._________________________
B: I have a stomachache.
A: 2.______________________________________
B: I started to feel uncomfortable last night.
What's the matter with you
When did you start to feel uncomfortable
A: Last night 3.__________________________
B: I ate a hotpot（火锅）with my best friend. After that, we ate
much delicious ice-cream.
A: That's probably why. You shouldn't eat too much hot food or
cold food.
B:Yeah, you are right. Oh, I feel terrible now. 4._________________
A: I think you should go to a doctor at once. I can go with you.
B: 5._________________________________.
A: You're welcome.
What did you eat yesterday
What should I do
Thank you very much /Thanks a lot
Ⅱ.书面表达
（2023·成都中考改编）你校英文报就
“网络安全”这一话题征稿。请根据以下图示，
以“Stay Safe Online”为题投稿。
要求： 1. 文章须全面反映图文信息；
2.文中不能出现真实姓名及学校名称；
3.词数：不少于70。
Stay Safe Online
With the wide spread of the Internet, we have easy access to almost
everything we want to know. Meanwhile, there are also hidden dangers
that we can't see through. Then what should we do to stay safe online
First of all, protect your privacy. Don't give away your personal
information like name or address. Second, don't click on any strange link
so as to avoid property loss. Third, never see strangers you meet online.
Finally, always be polite in the virtual world. Try not to be a target for
a cyberbully（网络欺凌）.
Only when we obey the rules above can we build a healthy and
harmonious online world.
核心素养培优
03
Ⅰ.完形填空
（2022·贺州中考）阅读下面短文，理解大意,然后从各小题的四个选
项中选出一个最佳答案,使短文连贯完整。
Being street smart is an important skill to have and it's a good way
to take care of yourself.
Always carry your phone with . .1. ., but do not look at it while you
are walking. Being able to communicate or call for help is
important, . .2. . keep a list of useful phone numbers. But put your phone
away while you are walking so that you can keep your . .3. . up and see
what's going on around. If you do need to check your phone, stop and
look at it quickly.
Don't wear earphones while you are out. If you have to . .4. .
something when you're out, use only one earphone or play it at a very
low volume （音量）.
Travel with . .5. . or family members when possible and never go
anywhere with a stranger. It's important to be . .6. . with strangers. Do not
get into a stranger's car.
. .7. . dark and out-of-the-way places. Do not take short cuts through
dark areas, even if it will make your trip much faster. If you have to go
to a place, and you're not sure whether it's safe or not, go . .8. . someone
you know or speak to someone on the phone while you are there.
Run and shout if you feel unsafe. Run away as . .9. . as you can
towards a police station, hospital, or nearby shop for help. Shout as
loudly as you can . .10. . the attention of people around.
1.( ) A.us B.me C.you D.them
C
2.( ) A.because B.so C.though D.but
B
3.( ) A.hands B.arms C.nose D.head
D
4.( ) A.talk to B.listen to C.wait for D.look for
B
5.( ) A.parents B.sisters C.brothers D.friends
D
6.( ) A.careful B.carefully C.careless D.carelessly
A
7.( ) A.Avoid B.Find C.Visit D.Clean
A
8.( ) A.to B.for C.with D.without
C
9.( ) A.fast B.faster C.fastest D.the fastest
A
10.( ) A.get B.getting C.got D.to get
D
Ⅱ.阅读理解
第一节：阅读下面两篇短文，从所给的四个选项中选出能回答所提问题或
完成所给句子的一个最佳答案。
（A）（2023·安徽中考）
What makes you fall asleep The main cause is your body clock, a
time-keeper inside your body. But how to control and use your body
clock Scientists suggested having a shower before bed. Jumping into the
shower around an hour before bed could mean you sleep better.
A warm shower helps you relax, and then after it warms you up,
your core（核心）body temperature drops. This encourages you to fall
asleep more quickly and sleep more soundly.
A study in 2019 said that a water temperature of 40℃ to 42.4℃
produces the best-quality（最优质的）sleep. After people lie down, most
of them take about 20 minutes to fall asleep. However, if you have a
shower one to two hours before going to bed, you will fall asleep 10
minutes earlier.
Core body temperature drops naturally before you sleep, then drops
further during the night. It rises again as you wake up. It is thought that
taking a warm shower will speed up the drop in temperature before bed,
as it brings blood to the surface of the body, and then the heat is given
off.
1.What did scientists suggest people do before bed to sleep better ( )
C
A.Sleep an hour earlier. B.Jump into bed.
C.Have a warm shower. D.Set a time clock.
2.What does the underlined word “soundly” probably mean ( )
A
A.Deeply. B.Poorly. C.Kindly. D.Slowly.
3.Which water temperature produces the best-quality sleep according to
the study ( )
B
A.44.2℃. B.41.5℃. C.36.4℃. D.32.4℃.
4.In which part of a newspaper can you find the text ( )
D
A.Art. B.Weather. C.History. D.Health.
（B）（2022·荆州中考）
As we can learn from the story in our textbook, guide dogs are the
“eyes” of blind people. But how can they be so helpful The answer is
simple. Guide dogs practice to be helpful. As part of the training, guide
dogs practice getting to the places their owners will need to go. But
before this, guide dogs must receive training in many other areas. This is
because guiding a person safely is more important than just knowing
where to go.
Suppose a tree branch （树枝） is lying on the road in front of a
blind person and his guide dog. Since the person cannot see the branch,
it's up to the dog to let him know it is there. If the branch is small, the
dog may help guide its owner around it. If it is large, the dog will stop
the person. Then he knows there is something in the way. He will work
with his dog to find a way past the branch.
Many people think a guide dog tells its owner when they can cross
the road. This is not true. Instead, the dog usually stops its owner when
they have reached the end of a road. Then the blind person listens to
their situation and considers if it is safe to cross the road. A blind
person and his dog always work as a team.
1.About guide dogs, we can know ___from the first paragraph.
D
A.blind people can't afford a guide dog
B.not all dogs can be trained to be helpful
C.dogs are born to be helpful to blind people
D.guide dogs learn to be helpful through training
2.The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refers to “ ___”.
B
A.the road B.the tree branch C.the blind person D.the dog
3.If there is a large branch on the road in front of its owner, the guide
dog will ___.
A
A.stop its owner B.ask someone for help
C.move it with its owner D.guide its owner around it
4.According to the passage, who will decide if it is safe for a blind
person to cross a road ( )
C
A.The blind person himself. B.His guide dog.
C.Both he and his guide dog. D.A police officer.
第二节：根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
（C）（2023·德阳中考改编）
People today are living a good life. They think health is the most
important. They try doing many things to keep healthy. As for us young
students, how can we keep healthy Here are some suggestions that may
be very useful.
Do more exercise. If we do exercise every day, we can become
stronger and healthier. We should spend at least an hour a day doing
sports. 1.___ We can choose to do what we like. Doing sports is also a
good way to relax ourselves.
2.___As young students, we should sleep at least eight hours every
night. We should form a good habit of going to bed early and getting up
early. If we can't fall asleep soon or aren't able to have a good sleep,
we can lie in a comfortable way, calm down and clear our mind. 3.___
E
B
F
Keep our mind positive （乐观的） and active. This is necessary for
the mental health. 4.___ Smile to ourselves and people around us. A
smile can drive away the dark clouds and bring a sunny day. It
encourages us to try again when we fail. 5.___ Nature can make us less
worried and improve our sense of happiness.
We should not worry about the health problems day and night. Try
the above ways in our daily life and we will find it easy to be a
healthy person.
A
D
A. Smile is a good way.
B. Have good sleeping habits.
C. Go to bed as early as possible.
D. We can also get close to nature.
E. There are different kinds of sports.
F. In this way, we can fall asleep quickly.
G. We like many kinds of sports.
Ⅲ.完成句子：根据所给汉语意思，用单词或短语完成下列英文句子。
1.（2022·绥化中考改编）如果你解出这道题有困难，你可以向老师寻求帮助。
If you __________________________ working out the problem, you can
ask the teacher for help.
have difficulty/trouble（in）
2.（2023·天津中考改编）为了保持健康，大明的爷爷奶奶每天都在公园里
锻炼。
_______________,Daming's grandparents exercise in a park every day.
To keep healthy
3.（2023·达州中考改编）老师们过去常常把重点写在黑板上，但是现在他
们习惯通过PPT向学生展示。
The teachers _____________ key points on the blackboard, but now they
are getting ________showing students through PPTs.
used to write
used to
4.期望太多是不明智的。
It would be unwise to expect __________.
too much
5.新鲜空气和运动有益于健康。
Fresh air and exercise are good for _______.
health
Ⅳ.短文填空
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限
用一次，每空限填一个单词。）
see, drive, swim, can, lucky, late, surprise, she, problem, hundred
I have a friend named Alicia. One day, Alicia was 1.________along
a road near a cliff（悬崖）. Suddenly, a small animal ran onto the road.
Then she turned quickly so that she wouldn't hit the animal. But
2._________, she fell off the cliff.
driving
unluckily
3.______, Alicia woke up in her car with water over her knees. She
fell into the sea. She climbed out of the car and made 4.____way to the
beach. The cliff was 5._________of meters above the beach. Every
morning, she climbed as high as she 6.______ to shout for help. She
hoped someone could 7.____ her. But every morning, she had to climb
back down because no one noticed her.
Later
her
hundreds
could
see
Alicia didn't know people were looking for her. The bad weather
made the search hard. Finally, two visitors climbed down to the beach.
They were looking for a place to 8.______. They were very 9._________
to see Alicia there and found that she was badly ill. So they called for
help at once.
Alicia stayed in the hospital for over a month. Her hands and legs
were hurt, and she also had a problem with one of her lungs（肺）. But
she wasn't worried about these 10._________ and didn't feel sad. She
said, “I feel like I have everything I want … life is beautiful.”
swim
surprised
problems
Ⅴ.任务型阅读
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成下列各题。
If a flood（洪水） happens where you live, you need to be
prepared. Here's how to do it.
★Make an emergency kit（应急包）. Keep it in an easy-to-reach
place. It should include things such as bottled water, canned food, a
flashlight and a first-aid kit.
★Prepare waterproof（防水的） clothing and a life jacket.
★Put your valuables in waterproof bags and keep them somewhere
safe.
Follow these tips to stay out of danger during a flood.
★Look out for flood warnings.
★Head to higher ground and stay there.
★Do not try to walk or drive through flooded areas, as they can be
deeper than you realize.
★Leave your car alone. It won't help you if it gets stuck（卡住的）
in the water.
Even after the flood ends, it might not be safe to return home quite
yet.
★Keep following the latest local news.
★Don't use electronics until they are fully dry.
★Do not use or touch anything that the water touched, including
food.
★Don't forget that viruses（病毒） can spread after a flood.
1.Where should you put the emergency kit
We should put it _______________________.
in an easy-to-reach place
2.What kind of food should you put in the emergency kit
We should put some ____________ in it.
canned food
3.What should you do if your car gets stuck in the water
We should_____________.
leave it alone
4.How many tips does the writer give us to keep safe after the flood
ends
The writer gives us _______ tips.
4/four
5.Where is the passage probably from, a storybook,a science report or a
first-aid book
It is probably from_______________.
a first-aid book
thanks