2024年中考英语时态精讲课件(共29张PPT)

(共29张PPT)
中考英语时态精讲
知识分析
1
初中英语必考的八大时态包含：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、过去将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时。这八大时态是英语学习的必备知识，也是初中阶段英语必考考点。
一般现在时
1、概念：表示经常发生的情况;有规律出现的情况;总是发生的;事实真理。
2.时间状语：Always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week (day, year, month…), on Sundays (on Mondays…), etc.
3.基本结构：主语+动词原形(如主语为第三人称单数，动词上要改为第三人称单数形式)
4.否定形式：主语+am / is / are+not+其他;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加 don't，如主语为第三人称单数，则用 doesn't，同时还原行为动词。
5.一般疑问句：把 be 动词放于句首;用助动词 do 提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用 does，同时，还原行为动词。
eg：
①It seldom snows here. 这里很少下雪。
②He is always ready to help others. 他总是乐于帮助别人。
③Action speaks louder than words. 事实胜雄辩。
1）一般现在时态的构成：主语是I, we, you, they和名词复数时作谓语的行为动词用原形。主语是he, she , it和名词单数时，作谓语的行为动词的词尾变化如下：
一般情况
＋s
以s, x, ch, sh　或　o结尾
＋es
以辅音＋y结尾
去y变i＋es
2）一般现在时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式（以be和like为例）：
第一、二人称和第三人称复数以及名词复数
I am a student.
We/You/ They are students.
He/ She is a student.
I / We/ You/ They/ like music.
Many people like music.
I am not a student.
3）一般现在时态的用法：
现阶段经常性，习惯性的动作 。例如：
I get up at six every morning.
He plays tennis once a week.
现在的状态 例如：
My mother is a teacher. She teaches English in a school.
客观真理 例如：
The earth goes around the sun.
4）常用于一般现在时态的时间状语：
often usually sometimes always every day never in the morning 等。
例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！
1. --- May I help you, sir
--- Yes, I bought the TV the day before yesterday, but it ______.
A. didn’t work B. doesn’t work C. won’t work D. can’t work
解析：电视虽然是前天买的， 但坏了是现在的状态， 应该用一般现在时态。选B.
2．______ the bus until it ______..
A. Get off, stops B. Get off, will stop C. Don’t get off, stops D. Don’t get off, will stop
解析：这是一个以until引导的时间状语从句，主句是祈使句，因此从句要用一般现在时表示将要发生的动作。根据句意此题应用not …until（直到……才）句型。应选C。
3．The 70-year-old man ______ exercises in the morning.
A. takes B. are taking C. took D. will take
解析：“这个70岁的老人早晨锻炼。”这里锻炼是一个经常性、习惯性的动作。因此，应选A.
一般过去时
1.概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
2.时间状语：ago,yesterday,the day before yesterday,last week,last (year,night,month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time,etc.
3.基本结构：主语+动词的过去式或 be 的过去式+名词
4.否定形式：主语+was / were+not+其他;在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。
5.一般疑问句：was 或 were 放于句首;用助动词 do 的过去式 did 提问，同时还原行为动词。
eg：
①She often came to help us in those days.那些天她经常来帮助我们。
②I didn't know you were so busy.我不知道你这么忙。
1）一般过去时的构成：
用动词的过去式。作谓语的行为动词的词尾变化如下：
一般情况
+ed
以e字母结尾的辅音
+d
以辅音字母＋y结尾
去y变i＋ed
重读闭音节结尾的单词，末尾只有一个辅音字母
双写词尾字母+ed
2）一般过去时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式（以be和like为例）：
第一、二人称和第三人称复数以及名词复数
I was a student.
We/You/ They were students.
He/ She was a student.
I / We/ You/ They/ liked music.
Many people liked music.
I was not a student.
We/You/ They were not students.
3）一般过去时的用法：
1． 过去发生的动作。例如：
The police stopped me on my way home last night.
2． 过去存在的状态。例如：
They weren't able to come because they were so busy.
3. 常用于一般过去时的时间状语：
yesterday，three months ago，last year，in 1979，often，always等。
例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！
1． Mr. Mott is out. But he ______ here a few minutes ago.
A. was B. is C. will be D. would be
解析：时分钟前发生的动作， 应该用一般过去时。 应选 A，
2．---Hi, Tom.
---Hello, Fancy. I ______ you were here.
A.don’t know B.won’t think C. think D. didn’t know
解析：虽然句中没有明确的时间状语， 但是可以通过上下文语境判断出， 这句话指的是我这段时间并不知道， 你前一阵子在这儿。 所以应选A。
3．He promised to tell me by himself when I ______.
A. come B. would come C. come D. had come
解析：在时间状语从句中，用一般过去时表示过去将来。应选C。
一般将来时
1.概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。
2.时间状语：Tomorrow, next day (week,month, year…), soon, in a few minutes, by…, the day after tomorrow,etc.
3.基本结构：主语+am/is / are+going to+do+其它;主语+will / shall+do+其它
4.否定形式：主语+am /is/ are not going to+do;主语+will / shall not do+其它
5.一般疑问句：be 放于句首;will / shall 提到句首。(首字母大写)
eg：
①They are going to have a competition with us in studies.他们将在学习中与我们竞争。
②It is going to rain.天要下雨了。
例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！
1. I______ for Hong Kong on Saturday. Will you go to see me off at the airport？
A. am leaving B. am left C. am going to leaving D. left
解析：趋向动词leave 可用现在进行时表将来。选A。
2.I______ to see grandma and help her with some housework every week.
A. came B. am going come C. come D. will come
解析：此题虽然有every week, 但句意中表达的事将要去做的经常性动作。应该用一般将来时。因此选D。
3. We Chinese ______ the Olympic Games in 2008.
A. held B. shall holding C. are holding D. are going to hold
解析：本题的时间状语是将来的时间， 所以选用一般将来时，A、D都删去。shall后面应跟动词原型，
故应选D.
一般过去将来时
1.概念：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。
2.时间状语：The next day (morning, year…), the following month (week…), etc.
3.基本结构：主语+was / were+going to+do+其它;主语+would / should+do+其它
4.否定形式：主语+was / were+not+going to+do+其它;主语+would/should+not+do.
5.一般疑问句：was 或 were 放于句首;would / should 提到句首
eg：
①He said he would go to Beijing the next day. 他说他第二天要去北京。
②I asked who was going there. 我问，谁要去那里。
现在进行时
1.概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
2.时间状语：Now, at this time, days, look, listen, etc.
3.基本结构：主语+be+doing+其它
4.否定形式：主语+be+not+doing+其它
5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。
eg：
①Are you feeling good today 你今天感觉如何
②He is doing well in his lessons.在课上他表现得很好。
例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！
Daddy promised me he ______ me a computer
A. was bought B. had bought C bought D. would buy
解析：“爸爸答应我给我买一台电脑”。宾语从句中的动作是以过去为起点将要发生的动作，应用过去将来时。
选D。
They said they ______ do some sports if it was fine.
A. were going to B. went C. would going D. were going
解析：“他们说如果天气好的话他们打算去运动。”去做运动发生在说话之后，所以应选用过去将来时，答案B不合适，“打算作某事”为“be going to do ”.would 后面应跟动词原形，应选A.
过去进行时
1.概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。
2.时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that time 或以 when 引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。
3.基本结构：主语+was / were+doing+其它
4.否定形式：主语+was/were+not+doing+其它
5.一般疑问句：把 was 或 were 放于句首。(第一个字母大写)
eg：
①At that time she was working in a company. 那段时间她在一家公司工作。
②When he came in, I was reading a newspaper. 他进来时，我正在读报纸。
现在完成时
1.概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。
2.时间状语：yet, already, just, never, ever, so far, by now, since+时间点，for+时间段，recently, lately, in the past few years,etc.
3.基本结构：主语+have / has+过去分词+其它
4.否定形式：主语+have / has+not+过去分词+其它
5.一般疑问句：have 或 has 放句首。
eg：
①I've written an article. 我已经写了一篇论文。
②The countryside has changed a lot in the past few years. 在过去的几年，农村发生了巨大的变化。
例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！
--How long ______ he ______ a fever
--- Ever since last night.
A. have, got B. have , had C. have, caught D. did, have
解析：此句表示从昨晚起持续到现在的状态，应用现在完成时，去掉答案D。因为是段时间， 所以不能用短暂行动词，get和catch 都是短暂行动词。因此选B.
My bowl is empty. Who ______ all my soup
A. drinks B. had drunk C. has drunk D. drank
解析：碗是空的了，这里强调的是所发生的动作造成的结果。 “谁把我的汤都喝了。应选C.
3. I ______ you for a long time. Where ______ you ______
A. Didn’t seen; did, go B. didn’t see; have, gone C. haven’t seen; have, been D. haven’t seen; have gone
解析：for+段时间一般预先在完成时连用。“你去哪儿了？”（在这段时间你不在）应选C。
过去完成时
1.概念：过去发生或者已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。
2.时间状语：before, by the end of last year (term, month), etc.
3.基本结构：had+done.
4.否定形式：had+not+done.
5.一般疑问句：had 放于句首。
6.用法：
(1)在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句中。
eg：
She said (that) she had never been to Paris. 她告诉我她从来没有去过巴黎。
(2)在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时;发生在后，用一般过去时。
eg：
①When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. 警察到达时，小偷们早就跑了。
(3)表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean,suppose等，用过去完成时表示"原本…，未能…"。
eg：
①We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't. 那时我们希望你能来，但是你没有来。
②I had hardly opened the door when he hit me. 我刚打开门，他就打了我。
(注意：had hardly… when... 刚......就......)
③He had no sooner bought the car than he sold it. 他刚买了这辆车，转眼又卖了。
(注意：had no sooner…than 刚…… 就……)
模拟练习
2
1.I will tell him as soon as he _____ back
A. come B. comes C. will come D. came
2. Mary _____ on shoes when she ____ them.
A. tries…buys B. tries… buies
C. trys… buys D. trys… buies
3. The girl often ______ cold when she ______.
A. cathcs dances B. catches dances
C. catchs dancees D. catches dancee
4. _____ he ____ himself there No, I don't think so.
A. Do enjoy B. Does enjoies
C. Does enjoys D. Does enjoy
5. _____ your teacher ____ from them very often Certainly.
A. Do hear B. Does hear C. Do receive D. receive
6. _____ your mother _____ some cleaning on Sundays
A. Does does B. Do does C. Does do D. Do do
7. _____ Tom _____to work hard to help his family Yes, he _____.
A. Has x does B. Has x doesC. Does has has D. Does have does
8. Which teacher _____ lessons to you every day
A. does gives B. does give C. do give D. gives
9. Smith does not go fishing on weekdays, ____ _____ , he does.
A. does heNo B. does heYes
C. doesn't heNo D. doesn't heYes
10.Mr Black often _____ fishing on Sundays, _____ he
A. goes doesn't B. goes isn'tC. doesn't godoes D. doesn't gois
11.He usually _____ TV on Sunday evening.
A. watch B. watches C. watching D. is watching
12. We'll go to play with snow if it ______ tomorrow.
A. snow B. snows C. will snow D. snowed
13. Neither I nor he ______ French.
A. speak B. doesn't speak C. speaks D. doesn't speak
14. Nobody ______ how to run this machines.
A . know B. have known C. knows D. is knowing
15. The Young Pioneer _____ water for the old man every day.
A. carry B. bring C. takes D. carries
16. Some are ______ in the river and some are ______ games.
A. swimming playing B. swimming plaiing
C. swimming I playing D. swimming plaing
17. Look ! The boy students are _____ football while the girls are _____ .
A. playing dance B. playing dancingC. play dancing D. play dance
18. He _____ to do his lessons at eight every evening.
A. is beginning B. is beginning C. begin D. begins
19. _____ he _____ on well with his friends this term 2
A. Does gets B. Does get C. Is getting D. Is geting
20. Mr Smith _____ short stories, but he ____ a TV play these days.
A. is writingis writing B. is writing writes
C. writes is writing D. writes writes
21. I _____ to the cinema. I ______ there every Sunday.
A. go…go B. am going… go
C. go… am going D. am going…am going
22. Look, they______ a good time, ____ they
A. have…do B. have…don't
C. are having…are D. are having aren't
23. You ______ about the future now, ______ you
A. don't think don't B. aren't thinking aren't
C. don't think do D. aren't thinking are
参考答案:
1—5 BABDB 6—10 CDDBA 11—15 BBCCD 16—20 CBDCC
21-23 BDD
Thanks