中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
【易错题】备战2024年中考英语满分冲刺之易错题轻松突破:08 非谓语动词之动词不定式(全国通用)
错点08 非谓语动词之动词不定式
在中考语法项目中,主要考查动词不定式作宾语、宾语补足语、目的状语。动词不定式由“to+动词原形” 构成,有时to省略,直接由动词原形构成。否定式由“not to+动词原形” 构成。
如:We decided to go on hiking though we were tired. 虽然我们很累,但是我们决定继续远足。
The girl tried not to wake up her mother. 这女孩尽量不吵醒她妈妈。
动词不定式作宾语
(1)接不定式作宾语的动词(“动词+to do” 结构)常见的有:
learn 学会 plan 计划 decide 决定 try 尽力 choose 选择 agree 同意
refuse 拒绝 pretend 假装 offer 主动 would like / want 想要 expect 期望
hope / wish 希望 promise 承诺 afford 负担得起 prefer 喜欢
help 帮助(help to do / help do) like 喜欢(like to do / doing)
continue 继续(continue to do / doing) begin / start 开始(begin / start to do / doing)
如:I would like to have a sandwich. 我想要吃一个三明治。
(2)动词不定式作宾语,置句末,前面用it指代不定式,it是形式宾语。
如:We found it difficult to understand what you said. 我们发现很难理解你所说的话。
(3)有的动词在不定式前可加上疑问词(who,what,which等)作宾语(即“动词+疑问词+to do” 结构),常见的有:show 表明、指示;know 知道;tell 告诉;teach 教;learn 学习;decide 决定。
如:Larry didn’t know how to tell her the bad news. 拉里不知道如何告诉她这个坏消息。
1.(2023·江苏镇江中考真题)Travellers can’t wait ________ their new tours in the coming holiday.
A.to start B.starting C.started D.start
2.(2023·吉林中考真题)We hope ________ a beautiful home by living a low-carbon life (低碳生活).
A.build B.building C.to build
3.(2023·福建中考真题)It’s reported that China plans ________ astronauts to the moon before 2030.
A.send B.sending C.to send
4.(2023·江苏扬州中考真题)Science is my favourite subject, so I have prepared ________ the STEAM Club.
A.join B.joining C.to join D.to joining
5.(2023·天津·中考真题)David learnt ________ when he was five.
A.swim B.swims C.swam D.to swim
6.(2023·海南儋州·统考一模)Holly offered ________ me with my English after she found I had difficulty learning it.
A.help B.to help C.helping
7.(2023·福建福州·福建省福州屏东中学校考模拟预测)—The light in the office is still on.
—Oh, I forgot ________.
A.turning it off B.turn it off C.to turn it off
8.(2023·西藏日喀则·统考二模)We found ________ very interesting ________ English.
A.it; learning B.it; to learn C.that; to learn D.this; learning
9.(2018·江苏无锡·统考一模)The boy who looks nice ________ white hasn't decided ________ next.
A.in; how to do
B.in; what to do
C.on; what to do it
D.on; how can I do
10.-Do you know_______ for help when we are in trouble at school
-Yes, our teachers and friends.
A.who should we ask B.what to ask
C.who to ask D.how should we ask
动词不定式作宾语补足语
(1)接不定式作宾语补足语的动词(动词+sb.+to do结构,否定式“动词+sb.+not to do” )常见的有:
tell 告诉 ask 请 order 命令 warn 警告 teach 教 want 想要
wish 希望 expect 期望 encourage 鼓励 allow 允许 invite 邀请 advise 建议
require 要求 force 强迫
如:Do you want me to find out the phone number 你想要我找出那个电话号码吗?
(2)有些及物动词,接不定式作宾语补足语时(动词+sb.+do ),要省略to。这类及物动词常见的有:
let 让 make 使 have 使 see 看见 watch 注视 hear 听到
notice 注意到 feel 感觉起来
被动语态中要还原to,如 make sb. do被动语态变为 sb. be made to do。
如:I saw him read in the library yesterday. 我昨天看到他在图书馆阅读
He was seen to read in the library yesterday. 他被看见昨天在图书馆阅读。
11.(2023·西藏·统考中考真题)Our art teacher encourages us ________ colorful things in life.
A.look for B.looks for C.looking for D.to look for
12.(2023·四川甘孜·统考中考真题)Mike made faces to make his little brother __________.
A.laughs B.laugh C.to laugh D.laughing
13.(2023·江苏宿迁)—Our school will invite Mr. Wang ________ us a talk on environmental protection next week.
—That’s wonderful!
A.give B.to give C.giving D.gave
14.(2023·吉林中考真题)We expect the world _______ China better after the 19th Asian Games in Hangzhou.
A.understanding B.to understand C.understood D.understand
15.(2023·黑龙江中考真题)Boys and girls, good luck and wish you ________ good grades in a new year.
A.get B.getting C.to get
16.(2023·黑龙江绥化·模拟预测)—Do you often see him________ on his smartphone
—Yes, very often.
A.read B.to read C.reads
17.(2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·校考二模)— Our teacher often advises us ________ the habit of making notes while reading.
— It can be helpful for us to understand what we have read.
A.to develop B.develop C.developing
18.(2023·甘肃定西·统考三模)My father often tells me ________ too much time ________ computer games.
A.not to spend; play B.to spend; play C.not to cost; playing D.not to spend; playing
19.(2023·海南海口·海师附中校考三模)My parents don’t allow me ________ TV on school days.
A.watch B.to watch C.watching
20.(2023·重庆沙坪坝·重庆一中校考一模)The coming of ChatGPT warns us not ________ learning, or ChatGPT may take our place.
A.stop B.to stop C.stopping D.stopped
3. 动词不定式作目的状语
不定式作目的状语,可放在句首或句末。to表示目的、为了。
如:To learn math well, you must do more exercises. 为了学好数学,你必须多做练习。
We came here to ask you for help. 我们来这是为了向你寻求帮助。
21.(2023·内蒙古·统考中考真题)—Do you always get up so early
—Yes. ________ the first bus. My home is far away from school.
A.To catch B.Catching C.Caught D.Catches
22.(2023·内蒙古呼和浩特·统考中考真题)________the quality of PE classes, some schools put smart technology into use.
A.Improving B.To improve C.Improve D.Improved
23.(2023·江苏南通中考真题)________ healthy, we’ve got used to washing hands before meals and using public chopsticks.
A.Keeping B.Keep C.To keep D.To keeping
24.(2023·湖南益阳中考真题)—Why did you come to school so early today
—Oh, I arrived here at 7: 00 ________ for the test.
A.prepare B.preparing C.to prepare
25.(2023·吉林长春·校联考模拟预测)________ a bright future, we teenagers should study hard and keep in good health.
A.Get B.To get C.Getting D.Got
26.(2023·吉林长春·长春市解放大路学校校考模拟预测)________ her English, Lily practices reading and does a lot of grammar exercises every day.
A.Improving B.Improve C.Improved D.To improve
27.(2023·吉林长春·吉林省实验校考模拟预测)Many Chinese people have received the booster shots (加强针) ________ away from COVID-19.
A.keep B.keeps C.keeping D.to keep
28.(2023·吉林长春·统考模拟预测)My brother often gets up early ________ the school bus.
A.caught B.catching C.catch D.to catch
29.(2023·福建漳州·校联考模拟预测)—Why do many people put their products online these days
—________ more products.
A.Sell B.Selling C.To sell
30.(2023·四川自贡·校考一模)Mr. Wang is such a great teacher that he always does what he can ________ us.
A.help B.to help C.helping
4. 不定式的常见句型
31.(2023·福建福州·模拟预测)As a native of Fuzhou, it is quite necessary ________ the traditional art Min Opera.
A.spread B.spreading C.to spread
32.(2023·内蒙古呼伦贝尔·统考一模)It’s important for us ________ hard in order to have a better life.
A.worked B.working C.work D.to work
33.(2023·吉林长春·吉林省第二实验学校校考二模)—It takes me half an hour ________ playing the piano. How about you
—I usually spend 20 minutes on it.
A.practiced B.practice C.to practice D.practicing
34.(2014·江苏泰州·统考二模)Some physics problems in this book are _________difficult for the students _________work out.
A.so; that B.not; but
C.such; that D.too; to
35.(2022·辽宁葫芦岛·统考一模)The community worker is patient enough ________ how to use Health Code(码)to the old.
A.explain B.explains C.to explain D.explaining
36.(2022·甘肃金昌·统考一模)He doesn’t find _________interesting _________elephants playing soccer.
A.this, watch B.it, to watch C.that, watching D.it, watching
37.(2023·江苏镇江·统考一模)I’m happy that Judy has become the first one ________ five books during the Reading Week.
A.finished B.to finish C.finishing D.finishes
38.(2022·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·统考一模)It’s kind ________ you ________ so much for us.
A.of, to think B.for, to think C.of, thinking
39.(2022·贵州铜仁·统考三模)It is very hot today. I think the water in the river is ________ for us ________.
A.warm enough; swimming B.warm enough; to swim
C.enough warm; to swim D.enough warm; swimming
40.(2023上·广东深圳·九年级校考开学考试)Honestly, it was unwise _______ you _______ the silly statement.
A.of; making B.for; to make C.for; making D.of; to make
41.(2023·湖南株洲中考真题)Today, we must continue working ________ our skies blue, waters clean and lands clear.
A.keep B.to keep C.keeping
42.(2023·浙江·模拟预测)The naughty boys were made ________ their maths homework the next day.
A.handing up B.hand out C.to hand in D.to handing off
43.(2023·黑龙江绥化·校考二模)You’d better take the map with you ________ find the right way.
A.in case B.so as to C.in order that
44.(2023·黑龙江绥化·校考模拟预测)My English teacher asks me ________ at least an hour ________ every day.
A.to spend; listening to the tape
B.take; to listening to the tape
C.spending; to listen to the tape
45.(2023·福建福州·福建省福州第十六中学校联考模拟预测)________ hurting yourself, you should stay away from the boiling water.
A.Avoiding B.Avoid C.To avoid
46.(2023·福建莆田·模拟预测)—Jane was heard ________ just now. What happened
—Jack was telling a joke.
A.crying B.laughing C.to laugh
47.(2023·甘肃武威·统考模拟预测)I always tell my students ________ on the road because it’s really dangerous.
A.not to play B.to play C.not playing D.not play
48.(2023·重庆沙坪坝·重庆八中校考模拟预测)If your friend sends you a message to borrow money on the Intermet, you’d better phone him first ________ sure of that.
A.to make B.making C.make D.made
49.(2023·四川凉山·模拟预测)When the mother heard her baby daughter say her first word, she felt so excited that she made a short video on Tik Tok (抖音) ________ her joy.
A.shared B.share C.to share D.sharing
50.(2023·重庆沙坪坝·重庆一中校考三模)Ms. Chou, I will tell you my little secret if you promise ________ anyone else.
A.to tell B.tell C.not to tell D.not tell
51.(2023·福建泉州·统考三模)________ himself up, he sticks to running every morning.
A.Build B.To build C.Building
52.(2023·新疆乌鲁木齐·乌市一中校考模拟预测)I don’t think it’s difficult ________ English well.
A.learn B.learning C.to learn D.learned
53.(2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·哈尔滨风华中学校考三模)Many tourists refused ________ the bus because the air conditioner (空调) was broken.
A.get on B.getting on C.to get on
54.(2023·福建泉州·统考二模)—I hope I can go into the Tiangong Space Station ________ the life in space some day.
—Me, too.That would be really fantastic and exciting!
A.experience B.experiencing
C.to experience
55.(2023·福建厦门·统考二模)Life is like a bicycle. ________ your balance(平衡), you must keep moving.
A.Keeping B.To keep C.Keep
56.(2023·江苏宿迁·统考二模)Mr Wang often encourages us ________ close to nature and enjoy its beauty.
A.get B.getting C.to get D.gets
57.(2023·湖南株洲·统考二模)Remember _______ your personal information to strangers on WeChat. It’s dangerous.
A.tell B.to tell C.not to tell
58.(2023·重庆九龙坡·重庆实验外国语学校校考三模)To my surprise, my parents agreed__________ to the concert with me.
A.go B.going C.to go D.went
59.(2023·江苏淮安·校考一模)The willow catkins(柳絮) are often seen ________ in Huaian in May.
A.swim B.to swim C.swimming D.swam
60.(2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考三模)Never refuse ________ with your partners(同伴), and always remember “Many hands make light work” is the truth.
A.working B.work C.to work
61.(2023·福建福州·福建省福州第八中学校考三模)Cole made a survey ________ how many cities have hosted the Olympic Games.
A.find out B.to find out C.found out
62.(2023·福建福州·福州三牧中学校考三模)—To tell you the truth, I don’t like fruit very much.
—_________ fit, you must.
A.Keep B.Keeping C.To keep
63.(2023·吉林长春·统考一模)Wang Hui gets up early every morning ________ running.
A.practice B.to practice C.practices D.practicing
64.(2023·黑龙江佳木斯·统考三模)—What are you doing there
—I’m going to do my homework, but now I can’t get a pen ________.
A.to write with B.writing C.to write
65.(2023·福建三明·统考二模)________ money for people in need, we held a food festival last weekend.
A.To raise B.Raise C.Raising
66.(2023·重庆长寿·校联考一模)Once you have a dream, you should try your best ________ it.
A.to achieve B.achieve C.achieving D.achieved
67.(2023·内蒙古呼伦贝尔·统考三模)—Why are you so excited
—Peter invited me ________ on a trip to Mount Huang.
A.to go B.go C.going D.went
68.(2023·吉林长春·统考三模)________ them more easily, they put their products online nowadays.
A.Sell B.Selling C.Sold D.To sell
69.(2023·海南海口·统考二模)Mr. Li often teaches his American friends ________ Chinese food. There’s lots of fun.
A.cook B.cooking C.to cook
70.(2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考三模)—Why do so many young people like livestreaming (直播) classes
—_________success more quickly and they think it’s more interesting and convenient.
A.To achieve B.Achieve C.Achieving
易错点08 非谓语动词之动词不定式答案解析
1.A
【详解】句意:旅行者们迫不及待地想在即将到来的假期开始他们的新旅行。
考查非谓语动词。can’t wait to do sth.“迫不及待做某事”,应用不定式。故选A。
2.C
【详解】句意:我们希望通过低碳生活来建设一个美丽的家园。
考查非谓语动词。hope to do sth“希望做某事”,动词不定式作宾语,故选C。
3.C
【详解】句意:据报道,中国计划在2030年前将宇航员送上月球。
考查非谓语动词。plan to do sth“计划做某事”,为固定短语,故选C。
4.C
【详解】句意:科学是我最喜欢的科目,所以我已经准备加入 STEAM俱乐部了。
考查非谓语动词。prepare to do sth“准备做某事”,固定短语,所以空处用动词不定式,故选C。
5.D
【详解】句意:大卫五岁时学习游泳。
考查非谓语动词。learn to do sth“学习做某事”,为固定短语,故选D。
6.B
【详解】句意:霍莉发现我学英语有困难后主动提出帮助我学英语。
考查非谓语动词。offer to do sth.“主动提出做某事”。故选B。
7.C
【详解】句意:——办公室的灯还亮着。——噢,我忘记关了。
考查非谓语动词。由“The light in the office is still on.”可知,此处应是forget to do sth“忘记去做某事”,空处用不定式作宾语。故选C。
8.B
【详解】句意:我们发现学英语非常有趣。
考查it作形式宾语和动词不定式作宾语。it它;that那;this这;learning学习,动名词或现在分词;to learn学习,动词不定式。根据“found”可知该句采用find it+形容词+to do sth表示“发现做某事怎么样”,其中it作形式宾语,动词不定式作真正的宾语。故选B。
9.B
【详解】句意:穿白色衣服的男孩还没有决定下一步该怎么做。考查宾语从句和介词辨析题。in+颜色词,表示“穿戴”,on没有这个用法,可排除CD选项。本句是宾语从句,从句简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。how to do怎么做,问方式,do后必须加宾语,常用it,即how to do it;而what to do做什么,问事情,what本身就是do的宾语,后面不加名(代)词。根据句意结构,可知选B。
点睛:本题考查了in表示穿戴的用法,in的后面经常跟表示颜色的词,表示穿着某种颜色的衣服,它一般在句中作表语或状语;以前学过的表示“穿戴”的词还有wear 、dress、put on等,但它们都是动词。on后面跟人时,表示某物在某人身上。
10.C
【详解】句意:你知道当我们在学校遇到麻烦时,向谁来寻求帮助吗?——知道,我们的老师和朋友。宾语从句必须用陈述句的语序,首先排除A,D;根据答语可知,疑问词选择who,询问向谁寻求帮助,故答案为C。
点睛:Do you know who to ask for help 是一个简单句,who实际上替代的是whom,作动词ask的宾语,这个简单句也可以用宾语从句来改写,需要注意的是宾语从句要用陈述句的语序,正确做法为:Do you know who (whom) we should ask for help 这就是为何答案不选A的原因。
11.D
【详解】句意:我们的美术老师鼓励我们去寻找生活中丰富多彩的事情。
考查不定式作补语。encourage sb. to do sth.表示“鼓励某人做某事”。空处是不定式作宾语补足语。故选D。
12.B
【详解】句意:麦克做鬼脸让他的弟弟笑。
考查非谓语。make sb. do sth“让某人做某事”,空处用动词原形。故选B。
13.B
【详解】句意:——下周我们学校将邀请王先生给我们做一个关于环境保护的演讲。——那是精彩的!
考查非谓语动词。invite sb. to do sth.“邀请某人做某事”。故选B。
14.B
【详解】句意:我们期待第19届杭州亚运会后,世界更好地了解中国。
考查非谓语动词。expect sb to do sth“期待某人做某事”,此空应填不定式,故选B。
15.C
【详解】句意:同学们,祝你们好运,并祝你们在新的一年里取得好成绩。
考查非谓语动词。wish sb. to do sth.“希望某人做某事”,动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选C。
16.A
【详解】句意:——你经常看到他在智能手机上看书吗?——是的,经常。
考查非谓语形式。根据“often”可知此处表示经常性的动作,see sb do sth“看见某人做某事”,表述的是客观事实。故选A。
17.A
【详解】句意:——我们的老师经常建议我们养成读书时做笔记的习惯。——这对我们理解所读的内容很有帮助。
考查非谓语动词。advise sb. to do sth.是固定搭配,意为“建议某人做某事”,符合句意,故选A。
18.D
【详解】句意:我的父母经常告诉我不要花太多的时间去玩电脑游戏。
考查非谓语动词。第二空适用短语spend some time doing sth.“花费时间做某事”,所以排除A和B,且根据语境可知第一空适用短语tell sb. not to do sth.“告诉某人不要去做某事”,也可以排除B;cost 适用于cost sb. some money“花费某人某些金钱”,不适合此句,排除C。故选D。
19.B
【详解】句意:我父母不允许我在上学的日子看电视。
考查非谓语动词。watch看,动词原形;to watch看,不定式;watching看,现在分词。allow sb. to do sth.意为“允许某人做某事”,不定式作宾语补足语。故选B。
20.B
【详解】句意:ChatGPT的到来警告我们不要停止学习,否则ChatGPT可能会取代我们的位置。
考查动词不定式的用法。stop动词原形;to stop动词不定式;stopping动名词;stopped动词过去式。根据“The coming of ChatGPT warns us not…”可知,考查短语短语warn sb. not to do sth.“警告某人不要做某事”,所以填动词不定式to stop作宾语补足语,B选项符合题意。故选B。
21.A
【详解】句意:——你总是起得这么早吗?——是的。为了赶第一班公共汽车。我家离学校很远。
考查非谓语动词。“get up so early”的目的是“catch the first bus”,作目的状语用动词不定式。故选A。
22.B
【详解】句意:为了提高体育课的质量,一些学校使用了智能技术。
考查非谓语。根据“the quality of PE classe”可知,为了提高体育课的质量,学校使用了智能技术,动词不定式作目的状语,故选B。
23.C
【详解】句意:为了保持健康,我们已经习惯饭前洗手和使用公共筷子。
考查非谓语动词。根据题干可知,饭前洗手和使用公筷是为了保持健康,应用动词不定式作目的状语,故选C。
24.C
【详解】句意:——你今天为什么这么早就来上学?——哦,我七点到这里准备考试。
考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,“I arrived here at 7: 00”的目的是“prepare for the test”,作目的状语用动词不定式。故选C。
25.B
【详解】句意:为了有一个光明的未来,我们青少年应该努力学习,保持身体健康。
考查非谓语动词。根据“...a bright future, we teenagers should study hard and keep in good health.”可知,此处在句中表示目的,用动词不定式作目的状语。故选B。
26.D
【详解】句意:为了提高她的英语,莉莉每天练习阅读和做很多语法练习。
考查非谓语动词。“每天练习阅读和做很多语法练习”的目的是提高自己的英语水平,用动词不定式To improve作目的状语。故选D。
27.D
【详解】句意:许多中国人接种了加强针以远离新冠肺炎。
考查非谓语动词。“Many Chinese people have received the booster shots”的目的是“keep away from COVID-19”,作目的状语用动词不定式。故选D。
28.D
【详解】句意:我哥哥经常早起赶校车。
考查非谓语动词。根据句子可知,早起是为了赶校车,应用动词不定式作目的状语,故选D。
29.C
【详解】句意:——为什么现在很多人把他们的产品放到网上?——为了售卖更多的产品。
考查非谓语动词。根据“Why do many people put their products online these days ”可知,问句是询问人们在网上售卖产品的原因或目的,应用不定式进行回答。故选C。
30.B
【详解】句意:王老师是一位如此好的老师以至于他总是尽他所能帮助我们。
考查非谓语。help帮助,动词原形;to help动词不定式;helping现在分词或动名词。根据“does what he can”和“us”可知,尽他所能做事是为了帮助我们,用动词不定式作目的状语。故选B。
31.C
【详解】句意:作为一个福州人,弘扬传统的艺术闽剧是很有必要的。
考查动词不定式作主语的用法。spread传播,动词原形;spreading传播,动名词或现在分词;to spread传播,动词不定式。根据观“it is quite necessary…the traditional art Min Opera.”可知题干使用了“it is+形容词+to do sth”的句型,其中it是形式主语,真正主语是动词不定式。故选C。
32.D
【详解】句意:对于我们来说,为了有一个更好的生活而努力学习是重要的。
考查动词不定式的用法。分析句子可知,句子结构为it is+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.“对于某人来说做某事是怎样的”,it为形式主语,动词不定式作真正的主语,故选D。
33.C
【详解】句意:——我花了半个小时练习弹钢琴。你呢?——我通常花20分钟在上面。
考查非谓语动词。It takes/took sb. some time to do sth.“某人花费时间做某事”,It作形式主语,不定式作真正主语。故选C。
34.D
【详解】句意:这本书中的一些物理问题对于这些学生来说,要解答出来太难。
考查副词短语。so...that如此……以至于……;not...but不是……而是……;such...that如此……以至于……;too...to太……而不能……。根据“...difficult for the students...work out”可知,是指问题太难解答不出来,故选D。
35.C
【详解】句意:社区工作人员有足够的耐心向老人解释如何使用健康码。
考查非谓语动词。be+形容词+enough to do sth“足够……做某事”,动词不定式作结果状语,故选C。
36.B
【详解】句意:他觉得看大象踢足球没什么意思。
考查形式宾语。根据“find it adj. to do sth”可知,it作形式宾语,动词不定式作真正的宾语;故选B。
37.B
【详解】句意:我很高兴朱迪成为第一个在读书周读完五本书的人。
考查动词不定式。finished过去式;to finish动词不定式;finishing动名词;finishes第三人称单数形式。根据观察和分析可知,题干使用了动词不定式作后置定语,修饰the first one。故选B。
38.A
【详解】句意:你很善良,为我考虑那么多。
考查特殊句型。根据题干,句子句型为“it is+adj+for/of sb.+to do sth.”表示“某人做某事是怎样的”,其中介词的选择和形容词有关,形容词修饰人的性格特征和品质,用介词of,形容词形容事情,用介词for。kind“亲切的,善良的”是形容主语you的品格,介词用of,句子真正的主语是不定式。故选A。
39.B
【详解】句意:今天很热。我认为河里的水足够温暖,我们可以游泳。
考查enough后置和非谓语动词。enough修饰形容词或副词要后置,因此第一个空用warm enough“足够温暖”,排除选项CD。句型sth.+be+形容词+enough+for sb.+to do表示“对某人来说,某事足以……去做”,所以第二个空应该用动词不定式to swim。故选B。
40.D
【详解】句意:老实说,你发表这种愚蠢的声明是不明智的。
考查介词辨析和动词不定式作主语。It is + adj + of/for sb to do“对于某人来说做某事是……的”,动词不定式在此处作真正的主语;当形容词修饰事物特征时用介词for;当形容词修饰人的性格或品质时用介词of;“unwise”指的是人的性格品质,故应用介词of。故选D。
41.B
【详解】句意:今天,我们必须继续打好蓝天、碧水、净土保卫战。
考查非谓语动词。根据“our skies blue, waters clean and lands clear”可知蓝天、碧水、净土是继续工作的目的,空格处应用动词不定式表目的。故选B。
42.C
【详解】句意:顽皮的男孩们被要求第二天上交数学作业。
考查动词短语和动词不定式作主语补足语。handing up举手,动名词或现在分词;hand out分发,动词原形;to hand in上交,动词不定式;to handing off移交,介词to+动名词。根据“were made”可知,使役动词make用于被动语态,要还原动词不定式的to,即用be made to do sth来表示,在句中作主语补足语。故选C。
43.B
【详解】句意:你最好带上地图以便找到正确的路。
考查非谓语动词。in case以防,以免,后加从句;so as to目的是,后加动词原形;in order that目的是,后加从句。根据“find...”可知此处用so as to,作目的状语。故选B。
44.A
【详解】句意:我的英语老师要求我每天至少花一个小时听磁带。
考查非谓语动词。ask sb to do sth“要求某人做某事”,第一空应该用动词不定式作宾语补足语,spend time doing sth“花费时间做某事”,第二空应该用动名词作宾语。故选A。
45.C
【详解】句意:为了避免伤害自己,你应该远离沸水。
考查动词不定式。Avoiding避免,动名词或现在分词;Avoid避免,动词原形;To avoid为了避免,动词不定式。根据“you should stay away from the boiling water”可知,你应该远离沸水。这样做是为了避免伤害自己。此处应是不定式作目的状语。故选C。
46.C
【详解】句意:——刚才听到简在笑。发生了什么事?——杰克在讲笑话。
考查非谓语动词。be heard to do sth“被听到做某事”,故选C。
47.A
【详解】句意:我总是告诉我的学生不要在路上玩,因为那真的很危险。
考查非谓语动词。tell sb (not) to do sth“告诉某人(不)做某事”,是固定短语。根据“because it’s really dangerous.”可知是告诉学生不要在路上玩,故选A。
48.A
【详解】句意:如果你的朋友在Intermet上给你发信息借钱,你最好先给他打电话确认。
考查非谓语动词。“you’d better phone him first”的目的是“make sure of that”,作目的状语用动词不定式。故选A。
49.C
【详解】句意:当这位母亲听到她的小女儿说出她的第一个词时,她感到如此兴奋以至于她在抖音上做了一个简短的视频,来分享她的喜悦。
考查非谓语动词。shared分享,过去式;share动词原形;to share动词不定式;sharing现在分词或动名词。根据“made a short video on Tik Tok (抖音)...her joy”可知,制作抖音短视频的目的是分享喜悦。故选C。
50.C
【详解】句意:周女士,如果你答应不告诉别人,我就告诉你我的小秘密。根据“I will tell you my little secret if you promise ... anyone else.”可知,如果你答应不告诉别人,我就告诉你我的秘密。promise not to do“答应不做某事”,故选C。
51.B
【详解】句意:为了使自己强壮起来,他坚持每天早晨跑步。
考查非谓语动词。根据“he sticks to running every morning”(他坚持每天早上跑步)是为了使自己强壮,所以此处用动词不定式作目的状语,故选B。
52.C
【详解】句意:我认为学好英语并不难。
考查非谓语动词。此处是it作形式主语,动词不定式作真正主语的结构。故选C。
53.C
【详解】句意:许多游客因为空调坏了而拒绝上车。
考查非谓语。get on上车;getting on上车,动名词;to get on上车,动词不定式。refuse to do“拒绝做某事”,所以此空应填动词不定式作宾语,故选C。
54.C
【详解】句意:——我希望有朝一日我能到走进天宫空间站体验一下太空生活。——我也一样。那一定真地精彩刺激。
考查不定式结构表达目的。experience经历。experience是动词原形;experiencing是动名词;to experience是动词不定式。横线上应是表达去天宫空间站的目的,所以是不定式结构。故选C。
55.B
【详解】句意:生活就像自行车一样,为了保持平衡,你必须保持前进。
考查非谓语动词。根据“...your balance(平衡), you must keep moving.”可知为了保持平衡,表达目的,应用不定式作目的状语。故选B。
56.C
【详解】句意:王先生经常鼓励我们亲近大自然,享受自然的美。
考查动词不定式作宾语补足语。encourage sb to do“鼓励某人做某事”,动词不定式在此处作宾语补足语。故选C。
57.C
【详解】句意:记住不要把你的个人信息告诉微信上的陌生人。那很危险。
考查非谓语动词。remember (not) to do sth.记住(不要)去做某事;remember (not) doing sth.记住(没)做过某事。结合题意可知此处是提醒对方记住不要把个人信息告诉陌生人,用remember not to do sth.结构。故选C。
58.C
【详解】句意:使我吃惊的是,我的父母同意和我一起去听音乐会。
考查动词不定式做宾语。go去,动词原形;going动名词、现在分词;to go不定式;went过去式。根据句子结构可知本题适用短语agree to do sth“同意做某事”,固定短语,填to go。 故选 C。
59.B
【详解】句意:五月的淮安,经常可以看到柳絮飞。
考查非谓语动词。be seen后可用两种形式,be seen doing表示被看见正在做某事;be seen to do强调被看见做了某事。根据“The willow catkins(柳絮) are often seen…”可知此事经常发生,用不定式作主语补足语。故选B。
60.C
【详解】句意:永远不要拒绝和你的伙伴一起工作,永远记住“人多力量大”是真理。
考查动词不定式作宾语。refuse to do sth.“拒绝做某事”,所以应该用动词不定式形式。故选C。
61.B
【详解】句意:科尔做了一项调查,想知道有多少城市举办过奥运会。
考查非谓语动词。根据“made a survey… how many cities have hosted the Olympic Games”可知,做调查的目的是为了知道有多少城市举办过奥运会,用动词不定式作目的状语,故选B。
62.C
【详解】句意:——说实话,我不太喜欢水果。——为了保持健康,你必须(喜欢)。
考查非谓语动词。Keep保持,动词原形;Keeping动名词;To keep动词不定式。根据语境可知,此处是不定式表目的。 故选C。
63.B
【详解】句意:王辉每天早上早起 练习跑步。
考查非谓语动词。此处填不定式作目的状语。故选B。
64.A
【详解】句意:——你在那儿干什么?——我打算做我的家庭作业,但现在我没有笔写字。
考查动词不定式。根据题意可知,动词不定式表目的。write with a pen用钢笔写字。故选A。
65.A
【详解】句意:为了帮助有需要的人,上周末我们举办了一个美食节。
考查非谓语。空处表示目的,应用不定式作目的状语,故选A。
66.A
【详解】句意:一旦你有了梦想,你应该尽力去实现它。
考查动词不定式作目的状语。根据“try your best”可知此处用动词短语try one’s best to do sth表示“尽力去做某事”,因此应用动词achieve的不定式作目的状语。故选A。
67.A
【详解】句意:——你为什么这么兴奋?——彼得邀请我去黄山旅行。
考查非谓语动词。invite sb to do sth为固定搭配,意为“邀请某人做某事”,因此选to go。故选A。
68.D
【详解】句意:为了更容易销售,他们现在把产品放到网上。
考查非谓语动词。“把产品放在网上”是为了更好地销售,用动词不定式To sell作目的状语。故选D。
69.C
【详解】句意:李先生经常教他的美国朋友烹饪中国食物。乐此不疲。
考查非谓语动词。teach sb. to do sth.意为“教某人做某事”,后接动词不定式作其宾语补足语,故选C。
70.A
【详解】句意:——为什么这么多年轻人喜欢直播课程?——为了更快地获得成功,他们认为这更有趣和方便。
考查非谓语动词。根据“Why do so many young people like livestreaming (直播) classes”可知,喜欢直播课程是为了更快地获得成功,动词不定式作目的状语,故选A。
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