中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
【易错题】备战2024年中考英语满分冲刺之易错题轻松突破:07 被动语态(全国通用)
易错点07 被动语态
什么是被动语态?
英语动词有两种语态,主动语态和被动语态。主动语态的主语是动作的执行者;被动语态的主语是动作的承受者,理解为“被……” 。
不同时态的被动语态:
被动语态的结构是“be+过去分词”,be动词有时态、人称和数的变化。当不知道动作的执行者或没必要指出动作的执行者,只强调突出动作的承受者时,用被动语态。
1.(2023·湘西·中考真题)The Shenzhou-16 manned spaceship (载人飞船) ________ on May 30 this year.
A.was sent B.send C.sent
2.(2023·鞍山·中考真题)—The traffic is more convenient than before.
—Yes. Another bridge ________ over this river last year.
A.is built B.was built C.builds D.will be built
3.(2023·朝阳·中考真题)—Quite a lot of endangered animals ________ in nature parks every year.
—That’s great! Animals are our friends.
A.protect B.were protected C.are protected D.protected
4.(2023·内蒙古·中考真题)—Students in our school ________ to swim in the rivers or lakes alone.
—That’s true. After all, safety must come first.
A.allow B.don’t allow C.aren’t allowed D.is allowed
5.(2023·盘锦·中考真题)It is reported that 6G technology ________ widely in a short time.
A.used B.will use C.is used D.will be used
6.(2022·河池·中考真题)Some new schools ________ in our city next year.
A.are built B.were built C.will build D.will be built
7.(2022·武汉·中考真题)During the Tang dynasty (唐朝), nearly everything produced in the world ________ on the streets of Chang’an.
A.is found B.has been found C.will be found D.could be found
8.(2023·福州·模拟预测)Shy students should _______ to be brave enough to speak in public.
A.be encouraged B.encourage C.be encouraging
9.(2023·厦门·二模)Waste can ________ by giving away unwanted books or other things to people in need.
A.reduce B.be reduced C.be reducing
10.—Where is Jane I didn’t see her anywhere.
—She _______ to Helen’s birthday party. But I’m not sure.
A.may invite B.is invited C.may be invited D.must be invited
动词短语变成被动语态时,要保持完整,不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。
如:The old are taken good care of in the old people’s home.老人们在敬老院被照顾得很好。
11.—Peter got seriously ________ in the car accident last week.
—Yes, he did. And he is ________ in the hospital now.
A.hurt; being taken good care B.was hurt; being taken good care of
C.hurt; being taken good care of D.was hurt; being taken good care
12.—Loose or small parts of toys must ________ toddlers.
—OK. I will make sure ________ all toys are stored in a safe place before they come in.
A.keep from; of B.be kept away; that
C.be kept away from; of D.be kept away from; /
省略to的动词不定式,在被动语态中要还原to。
13.—Does she like singing English songs
—Yes. She ________sing English songs in her room.
A.hears often B.is often heard to C.often hears D.is often heard
14. Our parents always make us _____ at home. Besides, we are often made _____ housework.
A.to stay; to do B.stay; to do C.stay; do D.to stay; do
15. The little boy ________ by the big one this morning.
A.was made to cry B.made to cry C.was made cry
16. Some high school students ________ up garbage on weekends. They are volunteers from the nearby schools.
A.are seen pick B.have seen picking C.are seen to pick
不用被动语态的词
常见的有:
1. 五感官三变化两发生:look,smell,taste,feel,sound,become,get,turn,happen,take place。
如:The flowers smell nice.花闻起来很香。(不能用are smelt)
Great changes took place in China.中国发生了巨大变化。(不能用were taken place)
2. come out,belong to,break out,spread,appear,disappear也不用被动语态。
如:The CD came out yesterday.这个CD昨天就发行了。(不能用was come out)
3. 某些可以和“well,easily,smoothly” 连用的不及物动词,且主语是物体,不用被动语态。这类词有:read,write,draw,wash,clean,cook,sell,lock,open,cut。
如:This kind of pen writes very smoothly.这种笔写起来很流畅。(不能用is written)
This kind of shirt sells very well.这款裙子卖得很好。(不能用is sold)
17.I don’t know when the sports meeting ________. When it ________, I will watch the players all the time.
A.is held; takes place B.will take place; is held C.will be held; will take place
18. The tickets to Jay’s concert ________ online, but it is really difficult to get one because they ________ well.
A.sell;are sold B.are sold;are sold C.are sold;sell D.sell;sell
19. My bedroom is painted blue, and it _________ peaceful and comfortable.
A.looks like B.feels C.looked D.is felt
20. Something ________ if we have the party next week.
A.happens B.is happened C.will happen D.will be happened
21. We all know that the Anti-Japanese War ________ in 1937 and ________ for eight years.
A.broke out; was lasted B.broke out; lasted
C.was broken out; was lasted D.was broken out; lasted
一些易混淆的被动语态用法
1.have sth. done=have sb. do sth.请别人做某事
如:I have my TV repaired.=I have someone repair my TV.我请人修电视。
2.It is said that … / It is believed that … / It is reported that … 据说 / 据认为 / 据报道
如:It’s said that the library has a long history.据说这个图书馆有悠久的历史。
3.grow表示种植时,有被动语态;grow表示成长,生长时,没有被动语态。
如:Rice is grown in the south of China.水稻种植在中国南方。
Rice grows well this year.水稻今年长得很好。(不能用is grown)
4.sth. need / require doing=sth. need / require to be done 需要 / 要求做某事
如:The flowers need watering.=The flowers need to be watered. 花需要浇水。
5. be worth doing某事值得被做。如:The book is worth reading.这本书值得一看。
22.The bike requires __________. You’d better _________.
A.repaired, have it repair B.to be repaired, have it to repair
C.repairing, have it repaired D.to be repaired, have it repairing
23.—What do you think of the graduation ceremony(典礼)
— Oh, excellent, it’s worth ________ forever.
A.to remember B.be remembered C.remembering D.remembered
24. Rice and wheat ________ there and they ________ because of the nice weather.
A.is grown; grown well B.are grown; grow well
C.grow; are good grown D.grows; grows good
25. Look at your hair, Coco! Don’t you think it needs ________
A.be cut B.cut C.cutting D.to cut
26.—I am weak in reading. Every time, I always make some mistakes with reading questions.
—I know. But I think the reading methods you are used to ________.
A.need improving B.needing to improve C.need to improve
27.— Do you know anything new about the 2022 Winter Olympics
— It ________ that Qiguangpu(齐广璞) who comes from Peixian has won the seventh gold medal for our motherland.
A.says B.said C.was said D.is said
带双宾语的动词变被动语态:
28.—Were those Christmas presents ________ the children in the hospital
—Yes, Heidi will ________ a toy car as a present this year.
A.bought for; be given
B.buy to; give
C.bought for; be given to
D.bought; be giving
29. I will show you the photos ________ in Beijing by the time they ________.
A.taken; come out B.were taken; are come out
C.were taken; will come out D.taken; are come out
30.—The window is broken and needs ________.
—I think so. They can hardly keep out the cold now.
A.repairing B.to repair C.repaired D.be repaired
31.—Have you seen Full River Red
—Yes. We ________ to watch it in Chinese class last month.
A.suggested B.are suggested C.were suggested D.suggest
32. The final game of the Village Basketball Association ________ in Taipan, Guizhou this year.
A.was held B.will hold C.have held D.was holding
33. The two buildings ________ in a very traditional style. Many visitors were interested in them.
A.built B.were built C.are building
34. A baby’s first birthday is a special event in China and ________ with a special party.
A.celebrates B.was celebrated C.is celebrated D.will celebrate
35. Changchun Marathon ________ last month and many people took an active part in it.
A.will hold B.holds C.is held D.was held
36. Many volunteers ________ for the opening ceremony of Beijing Winter Olympic Games on February 4th, 2022.
A.were needed B.are needed C.are needing D.were needing
37. This pair of trousers ________ smooth because they are made of Chinese silk.
A.feels B.feel C.is felt
38.— Mom, when shall I watch the Sister Riding the Wind and Waves Seasons 4 (《乘风破浪的姐姐》第四季)?
— You ________ it until your homework ________.
A.will watch; does B.won’t watch; is done C.don’t watch; will be done
39.—Won’t you like to come to Jim’s birthday party
—I will if I ________.
A.will be invited B.have invited C.am invited
40. It is reported that this building ________ at the end of this year.
A.is completed B.will complete C.will be completed
41.— I heard that our school is collecting second-hand books and toys.
— Yes, they ________ to some primary schools in poor areas for free.
A.are sent B.were sent C.will be sent D.have been sent
42.—What did you do yesterday evening
—I ________ to a birthday party and had a good time.
A.invited B.am invited C.was invited
43.—People, especially the young, ________ by their friends.
—That’s right. Friends play an important role in everyone’s life.
A.easily influence B.is easily influenced C.are easily influenced
44.Have you heard that the 2022 Winter Olympics ________ in Beijing
A.is going to hold B.are held C.will be held
45.China’s third aircraft carrier (航空母舰) ________ after Fujian province. It was completely designed and built by China.
A.named B.is named C.was named
46.When the Sports Park ________, it will be a great place for exercising and relaxing.
A.has built B.will build C.will be built D.is built
47.A lot of birds ________ in nature parks every year.
A.protected B.is protected C.are protected
48. It’s said that Queqiao Ⅱ Satellite _______ to the moon by 2024.
A.will be sent B.is sent C.was sent
49. He likes blue, so his room _______ that color yesterday.
A.painted B.was painted C.will be painted D.paints
50. The new English teacher ________ Leonardo by us, because he looks so much like the actor in the film Titanic.
A.was called B.calls C.is called
51. A large number of athletes ________ to come to Chengdu for the 31st Summer World University Games in July.
A.is expected B.are expected C.expect
52.— As far as I know, tea plants ________on the sides of the mountain.
—No wonder the mountain has become a green ocean.
A.are grown B.are growing C.will be grown
53.This English book, together with its listening material, ________ well.
A.sells B.is sold C.sell D.are sold
54.This storybook ________ well and it’s really worth ________.
A.sells; to read B.is sold; reading C.has been sold; reading D.sells; reading
55. The old man _________ after.
A.needs looking B.need to look C.needs look
56. This kind of books ________ well and they ________ out last week.
A.sells; were sold B.is sold; sold C.is sold; were sold
57. The speech that our teacher gave yesterday is truly worth _______.
A.listened B.listen to C.listening D.listening to
58. The problem is a little bit complicated (复杂的). It needs ________ again.
A.discussed B.discussing C.discuss D.to discuss
59.—Did you remember ________ after class yesterday
—Of course. Sara told us she would get her ears ________.
A.what was happened, pierce B.what happened, pierced
C.what’s happened, to pierce
60. The tickets for Fantastic Beasts: The Secrets of Dumbledore _________ well, and they will _________soon.
A.are sold; sell out B.are sold; be sold out
C.sell; sell out D.sell; be sold out
61.— Your car is so dirty. It needs __________.
— This afternoon I will have it ___________ .
A.to wash; washing B.washing; washed C.washed; to wash
62.—Wow, great changes ________ in Shiyan in the past few years.
—Yes. It’s becoming more and more beautiful.
A.take place B.took place C.have taken place D.have been taken place
63. The tickets for The Wandering Earth ________ well, and they will ________ soon.
A.are sold; sell out B.are sold; sold out C.sell; be sold out D.sell; sold out
64.I often go to school by bike, but yesterday it ________ all of a sudden, so my father had to drive me to school.
A.broke down B.was broken down C.broke out D.was broken out
65.—The 20th World Cup ________ in Brazil, right
—Yes. It ________ this summer.
A.held; took place B.was held; was taken place
C.held; was taken place D.was held; took place
易错点07 被动语态
1.A
【详解】句意:今年5月30日,神舟十六号载人飞船升空。
考查被动语态。主语The Shenzhou-16 manned spaceship和谓语send“发送”之间是被动关系,用被动语态be done。故选A。
2.B
【详解】句意:——交通比以前更方便了。——是的。去年在这条河上又建了一座桥。
考查被动语态。主语Another bridge和谓语build之间是被动关系,根据“last year”可知句子用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done。故选B。
3.C
【详解】句意:——每年有相当多的濒危动物在自然公园受到保护。——太好了!动物是我们的朋友。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。本句主语是动作的承受者,结合“every year”可知,此处用一般现在时的被动语态。故选C。
4.C
【详解】句意:——我们学校的学生不允许单独在河里或湖里游泳。——确实。毕竟,安全必须放在第一位。
考查被动语态。结合语境,可知句子应用一般现在时。根据“to swim in the rivers or lakes alone”可知,此处表示学生不应该去河里或湖里游泳,主语Students“学生”与动词allow“允许”是被动关系。应用一般现在时态的被动语态。故选C。
5.D
【详解】句意:据报道,6G技术将在短时间内得到广泛应用。
考查被动语态。主语6G technology和use之间是被动关系,根据“It is reported...in a short time”可知此处用一般将来时的被动语态will be done。故选D。
6.D
【详解】句意:明年,一些新学校将会被建在我们的城市里。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。句子的主语Some new schools和谓语动词build之间是被动关系,再结合“next year”可知该句应用一般将来时的被动语态,其结构为:will be built。故选D。
7.D
【详解】句意:在唐朝,在长安的街道上几乎可以找到世界上所有的东西。
考查时态和语态。主语“nearly everything produced in the world”与动词find之间是动宾关系,此处表示能够被找到,结合“During the Tang dynasty”可知用过去式could表示“能够”,此处是含情态动词的被动语态,用could be found。故选D。
8.A
【详解】句意:应该鼓励害羞的学生勇敢地在公共场合发言。
考查含有情态动词的被动语态。be encouraged被鼓励,被动语态;encourage鼓励,动词原形;be encouraging正在鼓励,现在进行时。根据“Shy students should…to be brave enough to speak in public.”可知,主语Shy students和动词 encourage“鼓励”之间是被动关系,句子应是被动语态,谓语结构为be done,此空前是情态动词should,此时be动词用原形,此空是be encouraged。故选A。
9.B
【详解】句意:把不需要的书或其他东西送给需要的人可以减少浪费。
考查情态动词的被动语态。根据题干可知,主语Waste“浪费”和谓语动词reduce“减少”为被动关系,且空前有情态动词can,后应接动词原形,所以情态动词的被动语态结构为“情态动词+be done”。故选B。
10.C
【详解】句意:——简在哪里?我哪儿都没看到她。——她可能被邀请参加海伦的生日聚会了。但我不确定。
考查含情态动词的被动语态。主语She是动作的承受者,此处应用被动语态,结合“But I’m not sure.”可知是不确定的推测,用may be invited。故选C。
11.C
【详解】句意:——彼得在上周的车祸中受了重伤。——是的。他现在在医院得到了很好的照顾。
考查词义辨析以及被动语态。get hurt“受伤”,固定用法,排除B;根据“now”可知此处用现在进行时,主语he和谓语take good care of之间是被动关系,故用现在进行时的被动语态am/is/are being taken good care of。故选C。
12.D
【详解】句意:——零散的玩具或玩具的小零件必须远离幼儿。——好的。我将确保所有的玩具在他们进来之前被存放在一个安全的地方。
考查被动语态以及宾语从句。keep sth away from“使某物远离……”,主语“Loose or small parts of toys”与动词“keep away from”之间是被动关系,故第一空用含有情态动词的被动语态must be done的结构,排除A和B选项。第二空所在句子是宾语从句,引导词that可省略,故选D。
13.B
【详解】句意:——她喜欢唱英文歌吗?——是的。她经常被听到在房间里唱歌。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。选项中的often说明句子要用一般现在时态;由She作主语可知,在这里应是表示“她被听到在唱歌”,因此句子要用被动语态,其结构为be动词+过去分词,主语为She,be动词要用is,动词hear的过去分词为heard。副词often位于be动词is后。“听见某人做某事”用hear sb. do sth.,用于被动语态中,要还原不定式to do,即空格处填入的是is often heard to。故选B。
14.B
【详解】句意:我们的父母总是让我们待在家里。此外,我们经常被迫做家务。
考查动词用法。make sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”,变成被动语态即sb. be made to do sth.“被迫做某事”时,不定式符号to要还原,所以第一空填动词原形stay作宾补,第二空填to do作主补。故选B。
15.A
【详解】句意:小男孩今天早上被那个大男孩弄哭了。
考查动词时态。根据“by the big one”可知,本句需用被动语态,可排除B选项;固定短语make sb. do sth.表示“使某人做某事”,其被动语态是sb. be made to do sth.“被迫做某事”。故选A。
16.C
【详解】句意:有人看到一些高中生在周末捡垃圾。他们是附近学校的志愿者。
考查时态和语态。根据“They are volunteers from the nearby schools.”可知被看到在周末捡垃圾,此处用一般现在时的被动语态,表示经常被看到,用动词不定式to pick作主语补足语。故选C。
17.B
【详解】句意:我不知道运动会什么时候被举行。当它被举行时,我将一直观看那些运动员们比赛。
考查被动语态。根据前文“I don’t know when the sports meeting…”可知是宾语从句,从句主语“the sports meeting”与谓语动词之间是被动关系,结合主句“I don’t know”可知,不知道运动会什么时候举行,所以运动会将被举行或发生,第一空应用一般将来时态的被动语态或will take place,take place“发生”,主动表被动,因此排除A选项;后文when引导的是时间状语从句,主句“will watch”为一般将来时,从句用一般现在时表将来,从句主语是“it”,因此第二空填is held。故选B。
18.C
【详解】句意:杰伦演唱会的门票在网上出售,但要买到一张实在太难了,因为它们销量很好。
考查一般现在时的被动语态和主动表被动。sell卖,销售;are sold被出售,用于一般现在时的被动语态。连词but连接的第一个分句中的主语The tickets和谓语动词sell存在逻辑上的被动关系,句子应用一般现在时的被动语态,其结构为:am/is/are+过去分词;because引导的原因状语从句中的主语they指代上文提到的“The tickets”,谓语动词sell描述主语的特征,即“门票卖得好”,因此应用主动表被动,主语为they,句子应用一般现在时,因此谓语用动词原形sell。故选C。
19.B
【详解】句意:我的卧室被漆成蓝色,感觉很宁静舒适。
考查动词辨析。look like看起来;feel感觉;look看起来;is felt错误表达,feel无被动语态。根据语境可知,卧室被漆成蓝色,这让说话人感觉很宁静舒适,应用feel,feel是连系动词,一般不用于被动语态,故选B。
20.C
【详解】句意:如果我们下周举办聚会,就会有事情发生。
考查if条件状语从句。if引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则,因此主句时态是一般将来时,且“happen”是用主动形式表示被动意义,没有被动语态。故选C。
21.B
【详解】句意:我们都知道,抗日战争爆发于1937年,持续了八年。
考查无被动语态的情况。broke out爆发,不及物动词短语,无被动语态;lasted持续,不及物动词,无被动语态。故选B。
22.C
【详解】句意:自行车需要修理,你最好让人去修修。考查固定搭配。第一个空是自行车需要“被修理”,所以应用被动语态,require doing= require to be done,意思是“(某事)需要被…”,故排除A选项;第二个空had better后接动词原形,had better do sth.意思的“最好做某事”;have sth. done 为固定搭配,意为“使...处于某种状态,使...被...”,根据语境,第二个空格所在句表达“使自行车被修理”,所以用have it repaired,故排除B、D选项;故答案选C。
23.C
【详解】句意:——你觉得毕业典礼怎么样?——哦,非常棒,它值得永远记住。
考查主动表被动。be worth doing sth.“值得做某事”,此处用主动形式表被动含义。故选C。
24.B
【详解】句意:那里种植水稻和小麦,由于天气好,它们长得很好。
考查被动语态和副词。根据“Rice and wheat ... there”可知,主语Rice and wheat与谓语grow之间是被动关系,因此用被动语态:be+动词的过去分词,主语是复数,be用are;空二由于grow是动词,修饰动词应用副词,即grow well“生长良好”。故选B。
25.C
【详解】句意:可可,看看你的头发!你不觉得它需要剪吗?
考查非谓语动词。分析句子“Don’t you think it needs... ”可知,此处使用need doing sth.,表示被动意义,动名词和主语之间有动宾关系,意为“需要被……”。故选C。
26.A
【详解】句意:——我的阅读能力弱。每次,我都会在阅读问题上犯一些错误。——我知道。但是我认为你习惯的阅读方法需要改进。
考查被动语态。根据“But I think the reading methods you are used to…”可知,此处the reading methods与improve为被动的关系,使用need doing“需要被做”,主动形式表被动含义,故选A。
27.D
【详解】句意:——你对2022年冬奥会有什么新了解吗?——据说来自沛县的齐广璞为祖国赢得了第七枚金牌。
考查It固定句型。根据“It...that Qiguangpu who comes from Peixian has won the seventh gold medal for our motherland.”可知,时态是一般现在时,此处是“It is said that...”句型,意为“据说”,故选D。
28.A
【详解】句意:——那些圣诞礼物是给医院里的孩子们买的吗?——是的,今年海蒂将得到一辆玩具车作为礼物。
考查被动语态。根据“Were”可知第一空用一般过去时的被动语态,buy sth. for sb.“为某人买某物”,此处用were bought for;答句中Heidi与give之间是动宾关系,用被动语态will be done,give sb. sth.“给某人某物”,此处用be given。故选A。
29.A
【详解】句意:等在北京拍的照片出来的时候我会给你看的。
考查动词非谓语形式和被动语态。根据“will show”可知,will show是谓语动词,故第一空用非谓语形式,photos与take之间是动宾关系,用过去分词taken表示被动含义,排除选项B和C。结合语境可知,they指代the photos,come out“出版、(照片)打印”,无被动语态,且“by the time they ...”是从句,用一般现在时,故第二空用come out。故选A。
30.A
【详解】句意:——窗户坏了,需要修理。——我想是的。它们现在几乎不能御寒了。
考查非谓语动词。根据sth. need doing = sth. need to be done “某物需要被……”可知,此处可填动名词repairing用主动形式表被动意义,或填不定式的被动式to be repaired。故选A。
31.C
【详解】句意:——你看了《满江红》吗?——是的。上个月有人建议我们在语文课上看。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。由“last month”可知,句子应用一般过去时,故排除B和D;主语we和动词suggest建议,存在被动关系,我们被建议去看,应用被动语态。故选C。
32.A
【详解】句意:今年的乡村篮球协会总决赛在贵州台盘举行。
考查被动语态。句子主语与动词之间是被动关系,故用被动语态,结合“this year”可知,此处应用一般过去时的被动,结构是“was/were+过去分词”,故选A。
33.B
【详解】句意:这两座建筑是以非常传统的风格建造的。许多游客对它们感兴趣。
考查被动语态。主语the two buildings和谓语build之间是被动关系,根据“were”可知句子用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done。故选B。
34.C
【详解】句意:在中国,婴儿的一岁生日是一件特别的事情,人们会用一个特别的派对来庆祝。
考查动词的时态。主语A baby’s first birthday与谓语celebrate之间为被动关系,用被动语态be done,且本句话描述的是一个客观事实,用一般现在时的被动语态。故选C。
35.D
【详解】句意:长春马拉松上个月举行了,许多人都积极参加。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。will hold一般将来时;holds动词三单,一般现在时,主语为单数;is held一般现在时的被动语态;was held一般过去时的被动语态。根据“last month”可知,时态为一般过去时,又因“Changchun Marathon”与“hold”之间为被动关系,语态为被动,谓语用“was/were+过去分词”的结构,主语为Changchun Marathon,第三人称单数,be动词用was,held为动词过去分词。故选D。
36.A
【详解】句意:2022年2月4日的北京冬奥会开幕式需要很多志愿者。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。分析句子结构可知,主语volunteers 是动词need的承受着,需用被动语态;再根据时间状语“on February 4th, 2022”可知,事情发生在过去,所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故选A。
37.A
【详解】句意:这条裤子摸起来很光滑,因为它们是用中国丝绸做的。
考查感官动词。feel“摸起来”,感官动词,无被动语态,排除C选项。陈述客观事实,句子用一般现在时,主语“This pair of trousers”后接动词第三人称单数形式feels。故选A。
38.B
【详解】句意:——妈妈,我什么时候看《乘风破浪的姐姐》第四季?——直到你的作业完成,你才会看它。
考查动词的时态和语态。根据“ Mom, when shall I watch the Sister Riding the Wind and Waves Seasons 4”可知“看”的动作没有发生,答语用一般将来时,until引导的时间状语从句表示将来动作时,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时,not...until...表示“直到……才”;主句谓语用将来时的否定形式won’t watch, 从句主语homework与谓语动词do之间是“被动关系”,用一般现在时的被动语态。故选B。
39.C
【详解】句意:——你不想来参加吉姆的生日聚会吗?——如果我被邀请,我会的。
考查条件状语从句主将从现原则。分析句子,主语I和动词invite之间是被动关系,排除选项B,又因句子为if引导的条件状语从句,遵循主将从现原则,主句为一般将来时,从句时态为一般现在时,所以此处应用一般现在时被动语态,结构为“be+过去分词”,主语为I,be动词为am,invited为过去分词。故选C。
40.C
【详解】句意:据报道,这座大楼将于今年年底竣工。
考查时态和语态。分析句子可知,主语“this building”与谓语动词complete之间是被动关系,又根据时间状语“at the end of this year”可知,应用一般将来时的被动语态“will be done”,故选C。
41.C
【详解】句意:——我听说我们学校正在收集二手书和玩具。——是的,它们将会被免费送到贫困地区的一些小学。
考查时态和语态。are sent被送,一般现在时被动语态;were sent被送,一般过去时被动语态;will be sent将被送,一般将来时被动语态;have been sent已经被送,现在完成时被动语态。根据“they...to some primary schools in poor areas for free.”可知,此处表达它们将被送给小学,时态为一般将来时,主语they和谓语send之间是被动关系,结构为will be done。故选C。
42.C
【详解】句意:——你昨天晚上做了什么?——我被邀请参加一个生日聚会,玩得很开心。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。分析主语“I”与动词“invite”之间的关系可知,是被动关系,即:我被邀请,所以应用被动语态,其结构为“主语+be done (过去分词)+其他”,故排除A。根据时间状语“yesterday evening”可知,应是一般过去时的被动语态,主语是I,be动词用was,故选C。
43.C
【详解】句意:——人们,尤其是年轻人,很容易受到朋友的影响。——没错。朋友在每个人的生活中都扮演着重要的角色。
考查被动语态。分析句意可知,主语是动作的承受者,应用被动语态,构成为:be+动词过去分词;时态是一般现在时,主语“people”为集合名词,be动词用are。 故选C。
44.C
【详解】句意:你听说了吗,2022年冬季奥运会将在北京举行?
考查一般将来时的被动语态。宾语从句的主语“the 2022 Winter Olympics”和谓语动词“hold”是被动关系,结合句意应用应用一般将来时被动语态“will be done”,故选C。
45.C
【详解】句意:中国第三艘航空母舰以福建省命名。它完全由中国设计和建造。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。结合“It was completely designed and built by China.”可知,该句应用一般过去时,又因为主语“China’s third aircraft carrier”和name之间是被动关系,所以用一般过去时的被动语态“was/were+动词过去分词”,主语为单数,be动词用was,故选C。
46.D
【详解】句意:当体育公园建成后,它将是一个锻炼和放松的好地方。
考查时态和语态。build建造;when引导的时间状语从句,用一般现在时,主句用一般将来时,主语the Sports Park与谓语build之间是被动关系,因此用被动语态,故选D。
47.C
【详解】句意:每年有许多鸟类在自然公园受到保护。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“every year”可知,句子要用一般现在时;主语“A lot of birds”与protect之间是被动关系,要用被动语态be done,且主语是复数,be动词用are,故选C。
48.A
【详解】句意:据说鹊桥二号卫星将于2024年发射升空。
考查动词的时态。根据时间状语“by 2024”可知,句子为一般将来时。主语Queqiao Ⅱ Satellite与谓语send之间是被动关系,故此处是一般将来时的被动语态。故选A。
49.B
【详解】句意:他喜欢蓝色,所以他的房间昨天被漆成了那个颜色。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。主语“his room”与动词paint之间是被动关系,由yesterday可知,这里是一般过去时的被动语态was painted。故选B。
50.C
【详解】句意:这位新来的英语老师被我们称为莱昂纳多,因为他长得很像电影《泰坦尼克号》中的演员。
考查被动语态。主语English teacher和谓语call“叫作”之间是被动关系,根据“he looks...”可知此处用一般现在时的被动语态am/is/are done。故选C。
51.B
【详解】句意:预计将有大量运动员来到成都参加7月举行的第31届夏季世界大学生运动会。
考查被动语态。句子的主语“A large number of athletes”和谓语动词expect之间是被动关系,所以要用被动语态;时态为一般现在时,故应用一般现在时的被动语态,结构为am/is/are+动词的过去分词;主语“A large number of athletes”是复数形式,因此be动词用are。故选B。
52.A
【详解】句意:——据我所知,茶树被种植在山的两侧。——难怪这座山变成了一片绿色的海洋。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。主语“tea plants”和谓语动词grow之间构成动宾关系,表示“茶树被种植”。由“ As far as I know, ”可知,陈述的是一般事实,故句子用一般现在时的被动语态。其结构为“be done”。主语为名词复数,be动词用are,grow是不规则动词,过去分词是grown。故选A。
【点睛】易错分析:注意掌握一般现在时的被动语态的用法,强调一般动作被做。理解句意再确定答案。
53.A
【详解】句意:这本英语书及其听力材料很畅销。
考查主谓一致和被动语态。根据句子结构可知“together with its listening material”为介词短语,作为插入语,真正的主语为“This English book”,且为单数,所以排除选项C和D;sell well表示卖得很好,此时不用被动语态,故选A。
54.D
【详解】句意:这本故事书卖得很好,非常值得一读。sell well“畅销,卖得好”,主动表被动(sell,write,wash等动作与某些副词连用表示主语的某种性质、特征时,句子用主动形式表示被动意义),可知,第一个空格处填sells;be worth doing sth.“值得做某事”,固定短语,所以第二个空格处填reading。故选D。
55.A
【详解】句意:这位老人需要被照顾。
考查动名词作宾语。need doing sth“需要被做”,need to do sth“需要去做”,结合“The old man...after.”可知,老人需要被照顾,故选A。
56.A
【详解】句意:这种书很畅销,上周就卖完了。
考查被动语态。根据“well”和选项可知,指书很畅销,sell well“畅销”;再者根据“last week”可知,是过去时态,且主语“they”和“sell”是被动关系,因此were sold符合句意,故选A。
57.D
【详解】句意:我们老师昨天做的演讲真的值得倾听。
考查非谓语动词以及动词短语。be worth doing sth.“值得做某事”,固定用法,排除AB;倾听:listen to,而listen是不及物动词,侧重听的动作。故选D。
58.B
【详解】句意:这个问题有点复杂。需要再讨论一下。
考查非谓语动词。it指代前文提到的problem,与动词discuss之间是被动关系,need doing sth=need to be done,所以此空应填discussing,故选B。
59.B
【详解】句意:——你记得昨天下课后发生的事吗?——当然。莎拉告诉我们她要打耳洞。
考查happen的用法和非谓语。第一空是宾语从句,要用陈述句语序,happen无被动结构;排除A选项;第二空是get sth done“使某事被做”,空处用过去分词形式,故选B。
60.D
【详解】句意:《神奇动物:邓布利多之谜》的门票卖得很好,很快就会售罄。
考查被动语态。sell售卖,sell well“卖的好”无被动语态,故第一空填sell。sell out卖光,主语they与动词短语sell out之间是被动关系,故第二空应填be sold out,故选D。
61.B
【详解】句意:——你的车太脏了。它需要清洗。——今天下午我要把它洗了。
考查非谓语动词。固定短语need doing sth“需要做某事”;第二空根据固定表达have sth done“使某事被做”可知用过去分词。故选B。
62.C
【详解】句意:——哇,过去几年,十堰发生了巨大的变化。——是的。它变得越来越漂亮了。
考查现在完成时。根据时间状语“in the past few years”可知此句时态为现在完成时,take place“发生”没有被动语态,故选C。
63.C
【详解】句意:《流浪地球》的门票很畅销,它们很快被卖光了。
考查被动语态。sell售卖,无被动语态,故第一空填sell。sell out卖光,主语they与动词短语sell out之间是被动关系,故第二空应填过去分词,故选C。
64.A
【详解】句意:我经常骑自行车去上学,但是昨天它突然坏了,所以我爸爸不得不开车送我去学校。
考查动词语态和短语辨析。break down出故障,毁坏;break out爆发,突然发生。break是不及物动词,不可用“be done”被动语态结构,可排除BD两项。根据题干“I often go to school by bike,but yesterday it…all of a sudden”,可知自行车突然坏了,故选A。
65.D
【详解】句意:——第二十届世界杯在巴西举办的,对吗?——是的,是今年夏天举行的。
考查动词的语态辨析。主语the world cup是谓语动词hold的承受者,用被动语态,表示今年夏天发生的过去动作,用一般过去时的被动语态,排除A/C选项;take place相当于一个不及物动词,没有被动语态,故选D。
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