2024年中考英语复习冲刺过关：阅读理解（原卷版+解析版）

2024年中考英语复习冲刺过关：阅读理解
（2023·山东淄博·中考真题）Have you ever read Andersen’s fairy tale The Ugly Duckling (丑小鸭) Do you know that his motherland is Denmark It lies in northern Europe. Let me tell you something about it.
You can find almost any fast food in Denmark, such as hamburgers and hot dogs. Danish open-faced sandwiches are not only delicious, but also pretty and fun. They are works of art. Tasting some is an experience that shouldn’t be missed.
“Lego” toys were created in Denmark. The toys were made of wood before. Building with Legos helps students learn about engineering, physics and technology in a fun way. In 1968, the first Legoland theme park opened in Billund, Denmark. Today, there are Legoland parks in California, Florida, Malaysia, Dubai, Windsor, Japan and Germany.
Bicycling is popular in Denmark. Nine out of ten Danes have a bike. They ride their bikes no matter what the weather. They aren’t just riding bikes for fun. They use bikes to get to work, to take their kids to places, and even to carry goods. Today, more and more people are choosing bikes over cars. They have a saying in Denmark: “A bicycle is a Dane’s best friend.”
Denmark is called the land of fairy tales. Andersen’s another popular fairy tale is The Little Mermaid (美人鱼). The Little Mermaid statue (雕塑) has been regarded as Denmark’s most famous landmark since 1913. The Danes believe that she brings them good luck.
1．What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 1 refer to
A．The Ugly Duckling. B．Denmark. C．Europe. D．Fast food.
2．According to Paragraph 4, we can call Denmark “________”.
A．the country of bikes B．the land of fairy stories
C．the capital of art D．the home of Legos
3．Which of the following is true about the Little Mermaid statue
A．It’s called fairy land. B．It was built by Andersen.
C．It welcomes the ships there. D．It has been there for about 110 years.
4．What does the passage mainly talk about
A．Fairy tales. B．Andersen’s life.
C．Some facts about Denmark. D．The history of Denmark.
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C
【解析】本文主要介绍了关于丹麦的一些事情。
1．词义猜测题。根据“Do you know that his motherland is Denmark It lies in northern Europe.”（你知道他的祖国是丹麦吗，它位于北欧）可知此处it指代“丹麦”。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据“Bicycling is popular in Denmark”可知自行车在丹麦很受欢迎，所以可以叫丹麦为“自行车之国”。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据“The Little Mermaid statue (雕塑) has been regarded as Denmark’s most famous landmark since 1913”可知自1913年以来，小美人鱼雕像一直被视为丹麦最著名的地标，所以小美人鱼雕像已经在那里大约110年了。故选D。
4．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了关于丹麦的一些事情。故选C。
一. 解题策略
1.先读问题，弄清考查要点。
先读问题可弄清考点，以便能带着问题看文章，这样会心中有数，有的放矢。
2.快速浏览全文，掌握全貌。
浏览全文时注意发现与问题有关的信息，如果时间紧，至少要扫视一下起首段和尾段。再把标题和文章内容结合起来想一想，这样全文大意便清楚了。此时，不要忙于答题
3.细读原文，捕捉相关信息词。
细读原文，掌握短文细节内容。这是解题的关键，应特别注意以下几点：
①抓住四个“W”和一个“H”，就是边读边用铅笔做些标记，把What (事件)，When（时间），Where（地点），Why（原因），How（经过）划出来。抓住了四个“W”和一个“H”，就抓住了文章的全貌，一些直接性的问题便可解决。
②抓住连接词及起关键作用的副词、代词、介词、插入语等。因为这些词具有因果，让步，递进，转折，指代，列举及承上启下等各种连接上下文的特殊功能。这对考生分清文章层次，辨明各种关系，了解人物心理，推断作者意图，进行逻辑推理等手段来分析难点，都具有举足轻重的作用。
③注意领会文章的寓意。
④根据题意，初选答案。这一步须仔细审题，领会测试要求，确定解题方法。对那些明显的，有把握的题可以断然确定，不必把其余三个答案再作推敲而浪费时间：有些略难的题，应再查阅短文（不是重读一遍），迅速找出依据，予以排除。
4.重读原文，仔细斟酌核对答案。在解完最后一道题后，如果时间允许，再将原文读一遍；用全文的主题思想统率各思考题，研究其内在联系和逻辑关系，目的在于对所做答案进一步审查，推出未解答的题，以便减少失误。
二、主要题型及解题技巧
1.主旨大意题（To find out the main idea）
其目的是考查考生对短文中心思想或作者意图的掌握。
解题技巧：
①抓住主题句，锁定文章主旨
找主题句， 应先通读全文，理解大意，充分理解主题句的意义。主题句一般具有以下特征：概括全段思想；一般位于段首、段尾或位于段中；
解这种题目时，不能只凭文中的只言片语而断章取义，比如涉及文章的标题(title)、主题(main idea)、结论(conclusion)、结局(end)等有关问题，都需要在细读全文的基础上，结合所学语言知识、背景知识、生活常识、科学专业知识进行逻辑思维、推理、判断，从而获取文章中内隐的信息。
②抓住段落大意，概括中心思想
③抓住主线和关键，归纳文章中心
主旨题常见的命题形式：
(1) The main idea of the passage is…….
(2) This passage is mainly about…….
(3) The author’s purpose in writing this text is…….
(4) Which of the following is the best title for the passage
(5) What’s the topic of the text
典例：
1.What’s the main idea of the third paragraph
A.Many parents don’t understand kids’ language in their blogs.
B.Many parents are worried about these young bloggers.
C.Many parents can’t understand why their kids don’t like studying.
2.What is the passage about
A.Repairing old computers.
B.Selling old computers.
C.Recycling old computers.
2.细节理解题( To look for details)
细节题是用来进一步表达主题，体现中心思想的，往往针对短文某个细节来设题。
细节理解题常考题型：1、是非题 2、例证题 3、年代与数字 4、比较 5、原因 6、事实排序题 7、直接信息题 8、间接信息题 9、综合信息题…
解题技巧： (1)细心审题，直接就题找答案。
(2)变通理解，间接转述找答案。
(3)多点归纳，综合事实找答案。
细节题常见的命题形式：
Which of the following is True/Not True
In the passage, which of the following is mentioned
All of the following statements are true except…
Choose the right order of the events given in the passage. Where, how, who, why, how long等引导的特殊疑问句要求判断细节。
典例：
1. Which of the following is NOT true
A. My brothers, my sisters and I would sometimes fight about which channel to watch when I was a child.
B. These days, there is only one channel with old movies, cooking and fishing.
C. People have many channels to choose from now.
3、猜测词义题( To guess the meaning)
猜测词义题主要考查考生根据上下文正确判断灵活变化的词义的能力。单词的猜测能力是阅读理解能力的主要组成部分，初中英语学科教学基本要求规定，学生能根据上下文推测词义，并能不借助词典读懂含有3%左右生词的语言材料。
解题技巧：
①通过因果关系猜测词义；
首先找出生词与上下文之间的逻辑关系，然后才能猜词。有时文章借助关联词（如because, as, since, for, so, thus, as a result, of course, therefore等）表示前因后果。
Eg: You shouldn’t have blame him for that, for it wasn’t his fault.
通过for 引出的句子所表示的原因（那不是他的错），可猜出blame的词义是责备。
②通过同义词和近、反义词的关系猜词；
通过同义词猜词，一要看由and或or连接的同义词词组，如：happy and gay, 即使我们不认识gay这个词，也可以知道它是愉快的意思； 二是看在进一步解释的过程中使用的同义词。如：Man was knowing something about the planets Venus, Mars, and Jupiter with the help of spaceships. 此句中Venus，Mars，Jupiter均为生词，但是只要知道planets就可以猜出这几个词都是属于“行星”义域。
通过反义词猜词，一看表转折关系的连词或副词，如：but, while, however等；二看与not搭配的表示否定意义的词。如：He is so homely, not at all as handsome as his brother. 根据not at all … handsome 就不难推测，homely 意为不英俊，不漂亮之意。
③通过构词法猜测词义；
阅读文章时，总会遇到新词汇，有时很难根据上下文来推测，而他们对文章的理解又有着举足轻重的作用，此时，如果掌握了一些常用的合成、派生、转化等语法知识，这些问题便不难解决了。
④通过定义或释义说明来推测词义；
Eg: But sometimes, no rain falls for a long long time. Then there is a dry period, or drought. 从drought 所在句子的上下文我们可以得知很久不下雨，于是便有一段干旱的时期，即drought. 由此可见drought 意为“久旱”、“旱灾”，而a dry period 和drought是同义词。这种同义或释义关系常为：is, or, that is, in other words, be called或破折号等来表示。
⑤通过描述猜测词义；
⑥用知识和生活经验猜测词义；
⑦根据上下文的指代关系进行猜测。
常见命题形式如下：
(1)The word “…” in the passage probably means_________.
(2)What does the word “…”mean_________.
(3)The underlined(划线的) word means_________.
(4)The close meaning of the underlined word“…”is _________in English .
(5)The word “…”refers to _________.
典例：
1.In the 2nd paragraph, the close meaning of the underlined word“teased”is _________ in English .
A. hit B. criticized C. laughed at
2.What’s the Chinese meaning of the underlined word “fined”
A. 罚款 B. 给予 C. 奖励
注意事项：
在做词义猜测题时注意不要脱离语境。有些常用词在特定的上下文中，或专业性文章中，具有特殊的或专门的词义。在解这类题时，必须仔细地研读划线部分的上下文，有时阅读的视线还要扩大一些。如果离开特定的语言环境来理解生词意义，必然会理解错误。
4.推理判断题（ To infer a conclusion)
推理判断题在阅读测试中属于难题。推理判断题就是根据某个事实推断结论。包括：数据事实推断、常识推断以及作者的写作目的、态度和倾向等的推断
解题技巧：推理判断题分两种，即对细节的推理和对主旨的推理。解决此类题要注意，一是与原文相同的细节不能选，二是文中没有出现的细节不能跳出文章做推断。解题过程中只要注意上述两点，再结合做细节和主旨的方法，即可以做出推理判断题。
①推理深层含义的常见命题形式如下：
(1)We can infer from the passage that _______.
(2)The writer suggest that _______.
(3)From the passage, we can learn that _______.
(4)We may conclude from the passage that _______.
(5)From the passage, it can be inferred that _______.
典例：
We can learn the last paragraph that
A. It’s easy for many teenagers to give up blogging on the Internet.
B. It’s safe for many teenagers to put their personal information on the Internet.
C. It’s popular for many teenagers to use blogs on the Internet.
②推理作者意图、观点、态度的常见命题方式如下：
The writer’s purpose in writing this story is ……
In the writer’s opinion, a good school should ……
What should be the right attitude towards “…”
The writer’s attitude toward “…” is ……
The writer mainly wants to tell us ……
例：
We spent a day in the country picking wild flowers. With the car full of flowers we were going home. On our way back, my wife noticed a cupboard outside a shop. It was tall and narrow. “Buy it.” My wife said at once, “We’ll carry it home on the roof rack.. I’ve always wanted one like that.” What could I do Ten minutes later, I was $20 poorer, and the cupboard was tied on the roof rack.
From the passage, we can see that in fact the husband ________ the cupboard.
thought it was worth buying B.believed they needed to buy
C.was glad to have bought D.would rather not buy
【详解】从划线部分我们可以看出，这位丈夫是由于妻子喜欢不得不买，由此推断答案应为D。
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（2024·云南·一模）In China, the year 2024 is known as long nian in the traditional Chinese lunar calendar. Over a long period of time, it has been called the Year of the Dragon in English. But actually, there are a lot of differences between the Chinese long and the Western dragon.
The Chinese long is made up of parts of some gentle animals, such as a rabbit’s eyes and an ox’s ears. In Chinese mythology, long is able to fly. In addition, it can also spray (喷洒) water from its mouth to create rain.
However, in Western culture, a dragon breathes fire and has the body of a snake and big wings of a bat. What’s more, you will find most of the Western dragons in dark colors because they usually stand for evil (邪恶).
As a result, normally at the end of the stories, the evil dragon will be beaten by the superheroes.
What makes such differences In fact, they have something to do with the cultural differences. In Chinese Confucian (儒家的) ideas, kindness and harmony (和谐) are very important. It is our duty to help each other and live a peaceful life. Western culture, on the other hand, prefers individual heroism (个人英雄主义). Whenever something terrible happens, there will be a superhero who is brave enough to stand out, fight against the enemy on his own, and, of course, save the whole world.
In recent years, Chinese have tried to translate long in another way. For example, Zhejiang’s Loong Air has already written long as Loong. One of the reasons is that Loong sounds the same as the Chinese character long. Besides, the letters “oo” in the word Loong look like the two big eyes of the animal, which makes it easier to memorize this word.
Anyway, no matter how long is translated, there is one thing for sure: the Chinese long is different from the Western dragon, and it is a symbol of good luck.
Wish you and your family the best in the Year of Loong!
1．Which of the following is the picture of a Western dragon
A． B． C． D．
2．According to the Chinese Confucian ideas, what might be the reason for long to spray water
A．To fight against the evil dragon. B．To help the farmers in the dry weather.
C．To show its power and ability. D．To make itself the superhero in this world.
3．Which of the following is True according to the passage
A．A dragon breathes fire and has the body of a bat.
B．2024 is the year of Loong in the traditional Chinese lunar calendar.
C．The Western dragon is a symbol of good luck.
D．Long can’t fly because it has no wings.
4．________ make Loong the new translation of the Chinese character long according to the passage.
A．The historical background and cultural meaning B．The historical background and spelling
C．The pronunciation and spelling D．The cultural meaning and pronunciation
5．In which part of a magazine may we find this passage
A．Healthy Life. B．Creative Art. C．Amazing Animals. D．Colorful Culture.
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．D
【解析】本文主要介绍了中西方文化中“龙”的不同形象和象征意义。
1．细节理解题。根据“However, in Western culture, a dragon breathes fire and has the body of a snake and big wings
of a bat.”可知，西方龙喷火，有蛇的身体和蝙蝠的大翅膀。A选项图片符合，故选A。
2．推理判断题。根据“In addition, it can also spray (喷洒) water from its mouth to create rain.”结合“In Chinese Confucian (儒家的) ideas, kindness and harmony (和谐) are very important. It is our duty to help each other and live a peaceful life.”可知，中国龙从嘴里喷出水来制造雨水，雨水可以在干旱的天气里帮助农民。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据“In China, the year 2024 is known as long nian in the traditional Chinese lunar calendar.”可知，2024年是中国传统农历的龙年。故选B。
4．细节理解题。根据“One of the reasons is that Loong sounds the same as the Chinese character long. Besides, the letters ‘oo’ in the word Loong look like the two big eyes of the animal, which makes it easier to memorize this word.”可知，Loong的发音和中文“龙”相同，Loong中的字母“oo”看起来像动物的两只大眼睛。故选C。
5．推理判断题。根据“Anyway, no matter how long is translated, there is one thing for sure: the Chinese long is different from the Western dragon, and it is a symbol of good luck.”可知，本文主要介绍了中西方文化中“龙”的不同形象和象征意义，因此会在“丰富多彩的文化”部分看到，故选D。
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（2024·云南·一模）Zong Qinghou was the founder (创始人) of Hang zhou Wahaha Group. He was born in 1945 in wartime China. He grew up very poor in Hangzhou and often went hungry. His father was out of work, and his mother supported the family of five children as a factory worker.
“Because of the hardship, as a child I had many dreams and hoped to make big money for my parents in return,” Zong said in a history book. As the eldest child, Zong left school after junior high to support his family and spent over ten years doing different jobs, including hard physical work at a far-away farm.
In 1978, Zong returned to Hangzhou and spent the next ten years working as a salesman. “My only dream at that time was to have my own company and do what I wanted to do, and I had been looking for such a chance,” he said in the history book. The chance finally came in 1987. Zong borrowed 140,000 yuan to start his own company, selling ice pops (冰棒) and stationery (文具) to students at a nearby primary school.
The company, which would later become Wahaha, sold ice pops for a cent each. During his door-to-door sales, Zong learned that many children were picky eaters so that they can’t get all the necessary nutrition (营养). That was a big headache for parents.
Seeing a potential chance, Zong worked with a professor of nutrition to invent a vitamin drink for children called Wahaha Oral Liquid. The product became a huge success soon. The company achieved nearly 100 million yuan in sales in the third year after it went on the market. That year, Zong founded the Hangzhou WaHaha Group after buying a failing food factory.
6．How many people were there in Zong’s family
A．Three. B．Five. C．Seven. D．Nine.
7．The underlined word “picky” in paragraph 4 means ________ in Chinese.
A．贪嘴的 B．挑剔的 C．厌食的 D．健康的
8．What can we infer from the passage
A．Zong succeeded at last because of his good luck.
B．Zong works in his own company in 1980.
C．Wahaha Oral Liquid wasn’t popular at first.
D．Wahaha Oral Liquid can offer necessary nutrition to children.
9．Which is the right order about Zong’s life
①Zong works as a salesman in Hangzhou. ②Zong did different jobs to support his family.
③WaHaha group was founded. ④Zong bought a falling food factory.
⑤Zong borrowed money to start his own company. ⑥Zong dreamed to make big money.
A．⑥①④②③⑤ B．⑥②①⑤④③ C．⑥②①⑤③④ D．⑥①⑤④②③
10．Which can be the best title for the passage
A．Hangzhou Wahaha Group B．How to Sell Wahah a Oral Liquid
C．How to Make Big Money D．Zong Qinghou and Wahaha Group
【答案】6．C 7．B 8．D 9．B 10．D
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了娃哈哈集团的创始人传奇的一生。
6．细节理解题。根据“His father was out of work, and his mother supported the family of five children as a factory worker.”可知，他的父母有5个孩子，所以他家有七口人。故选C。
7．词句猜测题。根据“During his door-to-door sales, Zong learned that many children were picky caters so that they can’t get all the necessary nutrition. That was a big headache for parents.”可知，因为挑食，孩子们无法获得所需的营养，对此家长们非常头疼，由此可猜测picky意为“挑剔的”。故选B。
8．推理判断题。根据“During his door-to-door sales, Zong learned that many children were picky eaters so that they can’t get all the necessary nutrition.”和“Seeing a potential chance, Zong worked with a professor of nutrition to invent a vitamin drink for children called Wahaha Oral Liquid”可知，宗庆后和营养学家研发出的这款产品是为挑食的孩子准备的，也取得了巨大的成功，说明娃哈哈口服液可以为孩子提供必要的营养。故选D。
9．细节理解题。根据“Because of the hardship, as a child I had many dreams and hoped to make big money for my parents in return,”可知，宗庆后最开始希望赚大钱来回报父母；根据“As the eldest child, Zong left school after junior high to support his family and spent over ten years doing different jobs, including hard physical work at a far-away farm.”可知，随后宗庆后做了许多种工作；根据“In 1978, Zong returned to Hangzhou and spent the next ten years working as a salesman.”可知，1978年，宗庆后回到杭州做销售；根据“The chance finally came in 1987. Zong borrowed 140,000 yuan to start his own company, selling ice pops and stationery to students at a nearby primary school.”可知，宗庆后借了很多钱，用来创建公司；根据“That year, Zong founded the Hangzhou
WaHaha Group after buying a failing food factory.”可知，最后宗庆后买了一家倒闭的食品厂，随后建立了娃哈哈集团。故选B。
10．最佳标题题。根据“Zong Qinghou was the founder of Hang zhou Wahaha Group.”和“That year, Zong founded the Hangzhou WaHaha Group after buying a failing food factory.”可知，本文主要讲述了宗庆后创建娃哈哈集团的经历，因此D项“宗庆后和娃哈哈集团”最适合做本文的标题。故选D。
<3>
（2024·北京·一模）In the past decade, the use of social media has grown in a way that no one could have guessed. It has turned some teenagers into celebrities (名人) and turned the famous into the infamous, overnight.
A key feature (特征) of social media, however, is its volatility. Trends (趋向，动向) come and go, disappearing almost as quickly as they appeared.
Short video apps such as TikTok and its Chinese equivalent (对应词) Douyin, took the world by storm. TikTok was once ranked 8th on Apple’s App Store, and Douyin had more than 300 million domestic monthly active users.
Why are these short videos, which are rarely (罕有) longer than a few minutes, so popular Jiang Yige, Singapore-based analyst at FengHe Fund Management, has a theory. “Short videos are just right to fill in the little gaps in our busy schedules,” he told CNBC．
These videos, apart from being very convenient, are important to teenagers because they allow them to express themselves, according to Teen Vogue.
Liza Koshy, a user of the US app Musical, who has over 2 million followers, said, “The sense of community that users of short video apps get is another appealing (有吸引力的) feature.”
Live streaming (直播) is a feature of our social media life that now seems as, natural as sunrise. It’s a pretty neat idea: You can watch anyone, anywhere, live However, China has taken live streaming to a whole new level. In China, millions of viewers monthly watch a live streaming video. Forbes thought that a number of factors had led to the popularity of the live streaming. Among them is viewers’ ability to interact with unknown names.
However, the quick development of social media may be having side effects too. Fake news is one serious problem it causes. Materials shared on these platforms are often not checked for accuracy (准确，精确). The most basic content (内容) can be false and can mislead users one way or another. We use social media all the time, which doesn’t mean that we understand the influence it is having on us. We should be mindful of both the time we spend on it and its powerful effect on our minds.
11．What does the underlined word “volatility” in Paragraph 2 possibly mean
A．Being changeable. B．Being valuable.
C．Being comfortable. D．Being international.
12．According to Liza Koshy, why are short video apps very popular
A．They are very convenient.
B．They help people kill time.
C．They provide a sense of community.
D．They allow people to express themselves.
13．What do we know about social media
A．Live streaming is the most popular way of our social media life.
B．People can’t communicate with each other without social media.
C．There is still much room for social media to make improvement.
D．Taking short videos is the best way for teenagers to express themselves.
14．What does the writer want to tell us in the passage
A．Short video apps will take the world by storm in the future.
B．Social media can help you turn into celebrities very quickly.
C．People can share any interesting materials on the platforms without checking.
D．It’s wise to think over both the time and the effect when we use social media.
【答案】11．A 12．C 13．C 14．D
【解析】本文主要讲述了短视频软件的流行原因以及社交媒体存在的弊端。
11．词义猜测题。根据“Trends come and go, disappearing almost as quickly as they appeared”可知，社交媒体的一个主要特点是它变化无常，某种趋势很快出现又很快消失，由此可知“volatility”的意思为“changeable”，表示“变化无常的”。故选A。
12．细节理解题。根据“The sense of community that users of short video apps get is another appealing feature.”可知，Liza Koshy认为短视频软件受用户欢迎的原因是它可以让用户有社区的归属感。故选C。
13．推理判断题。根据“However, the quick development of social media may be having side effects too. Fake news is one serious problem it…can be false and can mislead users one way or another.”可知社交媒体发展迅速，但也带来一些副作用，如虚假消息会误导用户，由此推知社交媒体还有很大的改善，提升空间。故选C。
14．推理判断题。根据“We use social media all the time, which doesn’t mean that we understand the influence it is having on us. We should be mindful of both the time we spend on it and its powerful effect on our minds.”并结合全文内容可知社交媒体会有一些负面影响，所以作者是想告诉我们要理智地使用社交媒体。故选D。
<4>
（2024·四川南充·二模）The film YOLO (You Only Live Once) directed by Jia Ling, China’s most successful female filmmaker has become a hit recently. In the film, Jia plays Le Ying, a jobless woman in her thirties who still lives with her parents until one day, she meets a boxing coach (拳击教练), Hao Kun (played by Lei Jiayin), and later finds strength and hope in boxing training and changes her life. The actress-director lost 50 kilos which became a hot topic in social media.
After watching the film, many people start trying to lose weight. Some people plan to join gyms, but not all of them can stick to exercise. So how do you make sure you find a gym you like, and more importantly, one where you feel comfortable
To answer the questions, Jarrod Saracco, a fitness (健身) coach with 20 years of experience in the field, gives his advice. “From the moment you walk in, it should be about the energy and the experience. Do they greet you Do people working out look like they’re having a good time ”
However, there are so many gyms in China, so choosing the right one may take you a little time. Here are some tips about how to choose a good gym.
Find a gym close to your home. You can walk to the gym to do some sports. It’s better to drive less than 15 minutes. If you find a good place to park your car, your choice may be right.
Visit at your best workout time. Saturday afternoon may be the right hour to check out a gym. You can go and have a look at it. If it is very crowded, try another gym.
Check for clean machines. Keeping things clean or not means the gym is good or bad. A professional staff member should also be wiping (擦拭) down machines in the day. While you are visiting, watch to see whether there’s a strict rule of wiping down everything after use. If not, try another gym.
15．Which of the following is right according to the passage
A．In the movie, Le Ying met Hao Kun in the gym where she worked.
B．It became a hot topic in social media that Jia Ling lost 50 fans.
C．The film YOLO was directed by China’s most successful male filmmaker.
D．It means more to people to feel comfortable in a gym.
16．If __________, the gym is a good choice.
A．it takes less than 15 minutes to walk there
B．many people work out there and they seem to enjoy themselves
C．the coaches there are energetic, experienced and good-looking
D．the machines there are always cleaned well
17．How many pieces of advice on the topic does the writer offer
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．None.
18．Which is the structure of the passage
A．①②/③/④⑤⑥⑦ B．①/②③④/⑤⑥⑦
C．①/②③/④⑤⑥⑦ D．①②③/④⑤⑥/⑦
19．What is the best title of the article
A．YOLO—A Great Movie! B．Let’s Go To Gyms!
C．Check for Clean Machines! D．Stick To Exercise!
【答案】15．D 16．D 17．B 18．C 19．B
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了贾玲导演的《热辣滚烫》影响人们去健身房，以及选择健身房的建议。
15．细节理解题。根据“So how do you make sure you find a gym you like, and more importantly, one where you feel comfortable ”可知，选项D“对人们来说，在健身房感到舒适更重要”表述正确。故选D。
16．细节理解题。根据“Check for clean machines. Keeping things clean or not means the gym is good or bad. A professional staff member should also be wiping (擦拭) down machines in the day.”可知，如果健身房的机器总是清洁得很好，就会是个不错的选择。故选D。
17．细节理解题。根据“Find a gym close to your home.”、“Visit at your best workout time.”以及“Check for clean machines.”可知，作者提供了三条建议。故选B。
18．篇章结构题。文章第一段讲述了电影《热辣滚烫》并引出话题；第二、三段论述该话题；第四、五、六、七段介绍了如何选择健身房，故选项C符合题意。故选C。
19．最佳标题题。通读全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了贾玲导演的《热辣滚烫》影响人们去健身房，以及选择健身房的建议。故选项B“让我们去健身房吧”适合作为本文的标题。故选B。
<5>
（2024·北京房山·一模）Can you see the glass as half full, rather than half empty Are you always looking on the bright side of life If so, you might be an optimist.
An optimist is someone who is hopeful about the future and tends to expect that good things will happen. A number of studies have shown that optimists enjoy higher levels of happiness, better sleep, lower stress and even better cardiovascular (心血管的) health and immune (免疫的) function. And now, a study connects being an optimist with a longer life.
Researchers followed the lifespan (寿命) of some 160, 000 women aged 50 to 79 for 26 years. They were divided into two groups by completing a self-report measure of optimism. Women with the highest scores were considered optimists. Those with the lowest scores were considered pessimists. Then, the researchers followed up with the study. They found that those who had the highest levels of optimism were more likely to live longer. So why is it that optimists live longer
One possible reason is that it could be related with their healthier lifestyles. For example, research from several studies has found that optimism is related with eating a healthy diet, staying physically active and being less likely to smoke cigarettes. These healthy behaviors are well known to improve heart health and reduce the risk for cardiovascular disease. Accepting a healthy lifestyle is also important for reducing the risk of other potentially deadly diseases, such as cancer.
Another possible reason could be the way optimists manage stress. When faced with a stressful situation, optimists will reduce stress levels and boost the power to take steps. They use methods to solve the source of the stress, or look at the situation in a less stressful way. For example, optimists will plan ways to deal with the matter,
call on others for support or try to find hope in the stressful situation.
In short, the ways optimists deal with stress might help protect them somewhat against its harmful effects. Be the person who looks at the glass half full. Appreciate the little things in your life and face your problems with a smile and a take-charge attitude. Optimism is the best tool when it comes to changing your outlook on life.
20．According to the passage, who is probably an optimist
A．Tom is upset on rainy or snowy days.
B．Lucy is unwilling to ask others for support.
C．Chris keeps volunteering at the Nursing Home.
D．Marry believes she can solve the problem she meets.
21．What can we learn from the passage
A．People who see half-empty glass are more hopeful.
B．Healthy lifestyle will help treat cardiovascular disease.
C．Optimism is related with being likely to smoke cigarettes.
D．Optimists may enjoy longer lifespan than the less optimistic ones.
22．The word “boost” in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to “________”.
A．share B．increase C．lose D．limit
23．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage
A．To call on people to be optimistic towards life.
B．To give suggestions on how to deal with stress.
C．To show the results of a study on healthy lifestyles.
D．To tell the effects of being optimistic among women.
【答案】20．D 21．D 22．B 23．A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了乐观主义者以及乐观主义者长寿的原因并呼吁人们成为乐观主义者。
20．推理判断题。根据“An optimist is someone who is hopeful about the future and tends to expect that good things will happen...For example, optimists will plan ways to deal with the matter, call on others for support or try to find
hope in the stressful situation.”可知，乐观主义者是指对未来充满希望，并倾向于期望好事会发生的人，例如，乐观主义者会计划处理这件事的方法，呼吁他人支持，或者试图在紧张的情况下找到希望，可推测D选项 “玛丽相信她能解决她遇到的问题。”与文章对乐观主义者的解释相符。故选D。
21．细节理解题。根据“They found that those who had the highest levels of optimism were more likely to live longer..”可知，乐观的人寿命更长。故选D。
22．词句猜测题。根据“When faced with a stressful situation, optimists will reduce stress levels and boost the power to take steps.”可知，当面临压力时，乐观主义者会降低压力水平，即增加采取措施的能力，可推测boost表示 “使增长”，increase表示“增加，使增长”与其意思相符。故选B。
23．推理判断题。根据全文可知，文章主要介绍了乐观主义者以及乐观主义者长寿的原因并呼吁人们成为乐观主义者，可推测作者写这篇文章的主要目的是呼吁人们对生活保持乐观。故选A。
<6>
（2024·山东·一模）
Confucianism (儒家思想), the way of life developed by Confucius, has been followed by Chinese people for more than two thousand years.
Five Constants (五常)——ren, yi, li, zhi, xin——is part of Confucianism and they help people understand how to behave towards others. They are general virtues (美德) around the world. The most important two are ren and li.
Ren is the feeling of care and love we should have for others. Confucius explained ren could best be understood as loving others. He is famous for teaching people “What you do not want done to yourself, do not do to others”. It is quite similar to what is known in the West as the Golden Rule (treat others as you wish to be treated).
While the meaning of ren is easy to understand, li is a little harder to express. It can be thought of as duty or even respect. Generally, li is the way we should connect with people in our everyday life. In Confucian writings, discussions about li include the proper way to drink tea and how to remember ancestors (祖先). While ren is mostly about our opinions and feelings, li is about how we express our opinions and feelings towards others and towards the world around us.
Although Xiao isn’t one of Five Constants, it’s the basic Confucian virtue. Xiao means loving, respecting, obeying and taking care of one’s parents in their old age. In Confucianism, xiao is important for a harmonious (和谐的) society: Without it, the whole world would fall into a mess.
24．Which are the most important of the Five Constants
A．Ren and yi. B．Ren and li. C．Li and xin. D．Yi and zhi.
25．What is the best Chinese for the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3
A．博学于文，约之以礼。 B．学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。
C．己所不欲，勿施于人。 D．君子和而不同，小人同而不和。
26．Which of the following is an example of li
A．Building a peaceful society. B．Taking care of one’s children.
C．Learning all through one’s life. D．Obeying rules for drinking tea.
27．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage
A．Five constants mainly teach us how to love ourselves.
B．The Golden Rule in the west has a lot in common with Ren.
C．Ren is about the way we show our feelings and opinions.
D．The meaning of xiao is respecting our harmonious society.
28．What does the passage mainly tell us about Confucianism
A．Its general virtues. B．Its long history.
C．Its new challenges. D．Its golden rules.
【答案】24．B 25．C 26．D 27．B 28．A
【解析】本文介绍了儒家思想“五常”。它们是仁、义、礼、智、信。
24．细节理解题。根据“The most important two are ren and li.”可知，“五常”中最重要的是仁和礼，故选B。
25．词句猜测题。根据“It is quite similar to what is known in the West as the Golden Rule (treat others as you wish to be treated).”可知，这与西方的黄金法则（己所不欲，勿施于人）非常相似。故选C。
26．细节理解题。根据“In Confucian writings, discussions about li include the proper way to drink tea and how to remember ancestors”可知，在儒家著作中，关于礼的讨论包括正确的喝茶方式和如何记住祖先。因此要遵守饮茶规则是关于礼的例子，故选D。
27．推理判断题。根据“Ren is the feeling of care and love we should have for others…It is quite similar to what is known in the West as the Golden Rule (treat others as you wish to be treated).”可知，西方的金科玉律与仁有很多共同之处。故选B。
28．主旨大意题。根据“Five Constants (五常)——ren, yi, li, zhi, xin——is part of Confucianism and they help people understand how to behave towards others. They are general virtues (美德) around the world.”可知本文主要介绍了儒学的美德：仁、义、礼、智、信，故选A。
<7>
（2024·福建福州·二模）Are you a procrastinator (拖延者) Are you putting off going to the gym Have you seldom cleaned your rooms in time Are you waiting just one more day to study for that test Procrastination is putting off to later what you know you should be doing now. But all those tasks you push to tomorrow can make their way into your mind. And that could harm your health.
In one study, scientists connected procrastination to many problems. These included depression (沮丧), nervousness and even arm pain. “I was surprised when I saw that one,” says Fred Johansson. The psychologist (心理学家) and his team reported the results in a newspaper.
The study is one of the largest so far to deal with procrastination’s ties to health. For years, scientists didn’t seem to view procrastination as something serious. This new study could change that.
The study followed about 2,500 students over nine months. They found that procrastinators perform worse over time than those who did things without delay (延迟). For instance, they were more worried, depressed and sleep-deprived (睡眠不足的).
From this type of study, the team can’t say for sure that putting things off causes poor health. But results from other research teams seem to point in the same direction. One 2021 study tied procrastinating at bedtime to depression. And a 2015 study connected procrastinating to poor heart health. According to Fuschia Sirois, a scientist at Durham University in England, the harmful effects of procrastination could build up over time. Procrastination alone may not cause disease, however it could be “one factor that can tip the scales (扭转局势).”
29．How did the writer lead to the topic
A．By comparing facts. B．By telling stories.
C．By asking questions. D．By giving examples.
30．The underlined word “These” in Paragraph 2 refers to ________.
A．procrastinators B．tasks C．scientists D．problems
31．How many students took part in the study of Fred Johansson
A．2500. B．2015. C．2000. D．1500.
32．What is the same conclusion of studies in 2021 and 2015
A．Delaying makes poor heart health.
B．Procrastination is a kind of disease.
C．Delaying at bedtime makes depression.
D．Procrastination leads to many problems.
33．What is the writer’s purpose in writing this text
A．To make the readers know about the procrastinators.
B．To advise the readers to keep away from procrastination.
C．To tell about the different result of studies.
D．To show the reasons for procrastination.
【答案】29．C 30．D 31．A 32．D 33．B
【解析】本文介绍拖延症对人的影响。
29．推理判断题。根据第一段“Are you a procrastinator (拖延者) Are you putting off going to the gym Have you
seldom cleaned your rooms in time Are you waiting just one more day to study for that test ”可知是通过问问题开启话题。故选C。
30．词句猜测题。根据“In one study, scientists connected procrastination to many problems.”在一项研究中，科学家将拖延与许多问题联系起来，“These included depression (沮丧), nervousness and even arm pain.”这些包括抑郁、紧张，甚至手臂疼痛，可知“These”代指问题。故选D。
31．细节理解题。根据“The study followed about 2,500 students over nine months.”可知，该研究在九个月内对约 2,500 名学生进行了跟踪调查。故选A。
32．推理判断题。根据“One 2021 study tied procrastinating at bedtime to depression. And a 2015 study connected procrastinating to poor heart health.”2021 年的一项研究将睡前拖延与抑郁症联系起来。2015 年的一项研究表明，拖延症与心脏健康状况不佳有关。可知拖延症带来很多问题。故选D。
33．推理判断题。本文介绍拖延症对人的影响。根据“According to Fuschia Sirois, a scientist at Durham University in England, the harmful effects of procrastination could build up over time.”英国达勒姆大学科学家 Fuschia Sirois 表示，拖延症的有害影响可能会随着时间的推移而逐渐增加。可知作者写本文的目的是建议读者远离拖延症。故选B。
<8>
（2024·湖北武汉·二模）Life’s greatest lesson for Granny Hu can be found in a cup of the green tea she has grown and spent most of her life: the bitter comes before the sweet, and she has known both. She was good at growing things from at least age 14. She loved the soil and worked in her gardens until she was 113. “My grandma is quick-witted and hard-working. She was better at planting crops than others, so in the years when there were shortages of food she was able to support the family,” his grandson said. Granny Hu is the oldest person in her village and she experienced all the hardships during the life. “I have lost my husband, my children and my brothers, but I couldn’t lose myself in sadness. Luckily, I can always find love in my family and that is how I was encouraged to carry on.”
Another centenarian (百岁老人) , Granny Yang, gave birth to eight children. “In the darkest days, we didn’t have enough food to support the big family, so I went into the mountains to look for food to feed my children instead of giving them away, as many people did,” she said, “no one in my family was allowed to shout or scream at each other. My children grew up in peace.” What’s more, she helped her children get a better education. “Education is the best soil to support children’s growth and will improve themselves for a lifetime.”
The poor life inspires a strong wish for change. That’s the most important lesson that Grandpa Dong said he has learned in life. Like most older people in China, he expected to spend his life farming. However, because of the wars, he was driven out of his farm. He spent nearly 10 years to make his way home. The condition in his home was more terrible than that before he left. To improve the poor life, he left his farm again to look a new way to make a living. He did business and he finally made a comfortable living. This 108-year-old man gives his advice to others: “Don’t be afraid of change.”
All these centenarians have one thing in common—The quickest way to happiness and long life is to do
nothing negative. Have a joyful heart and be kind to others. If you want to live up to be 100 years old, try their ways!
34．Which is not true about Granny Hu
A．She thinks life is like a cup of green tea
B．She couldn’t support her family after she lost her husband.
C．She works on farming for nearly 100 years.
D．She was able to go through all the hardships because of the love from her family.
35．What does Granny Yang think highly of
A．Enough food to support the big family. B．Having a big family.
C．A better education for her children. D．Growing up in peace.
36．Which word has the same meaning as “quick-witted” in paragraph one
A．Careful. B．Helpful. C．Lucky. D．Smart.
37．From the third paragraph, we can infer that Grandpa Dong ________.
A．will spend his life farming B．had been a soldier during the war
C．is probably a businessman D．is afraid of change
38．Which is the best title for the passage
A．How to live to be 100 years old. B．The experience during one’s life.
C．Life’s greatest lessons of centenarians. D．The lifestyle of some centenarians.
【答案】34．B 35．C 36．D 37．C 38．C
【解析】本文主要介绍了几个百岁老人都有一个共同点——获得幸福和长寿的最快方法就是不做任何消极的事情。拥有一颗快乐的心，善待他人。
34．细节理解题。根据“in the years when there were shortages of food she was able to support the family”可知在粮食短缺的那些年里，她能够养活一家人。故选B。
35．细节理解题。根据“Education is the best soil to support children’s growth and will improve themselves for a lifetime”可知她认为教育很重要，所以她给孩子提供更好的教育。故选C。
36．词义猜测题。根据“My grandma is quick-witted and hard-working. She was better at planting crops than others”可知她比其他人更擅长种植作物，所以她很聪明，故划线部分和smart意义相近。故选D。
37．推理判断题。根据“He did business and he finally made a comfortable living”可知他可能是一个商人。故选C。
38．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了几个百岁老人都有一个共同点——获得幸福和长寿的最快方法就是不做任何消极的事情。拥有一颗快乐的心，善待他人，以选项C“百岁老人的人生最大教训”为标题最合适。故选C。
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（2024·湖北武汉·二模）
The Rise of Digital HumansAs we all know, AI humans now can be like real people. They can do real people’s voices and moves and even copy their personalities (性格). Digital humans today appear in many ways. They can be idols (偶像), vloggers (视频博主), reporters, and more. For example, China Daily has its own digital reporter, Yuanxi. She can speak English and covers the wonderful world of Chinese culture. She can process (处理) data fast. This can help the newsroom work faster. In February 2022, Chinese tech company Baidu showed its first digital idol Xi Jiajia. She can change her makeup and how she dresses, and even do livestreams! During China Fashion Week in September 2022, Xi Jiajia became famous in an online virtual fashion show (虚拟时装秀) . _________________ The first copyright case (版权案件) about AI-created images in China had its first result from the Beijing Internet Court (北京互联网法院). A man surnamed Li is a Chinese social media Xiaohongshu account (账户) owner. He used an AI image generator in February to make a picture. And then, he posted the picture on Xiaohongshu. However, a lady surnamed Liu used the picture in March and cut off the Xiaohongshu watermark (水印) in her post in Baijiahao, a blog-style platform under Baidu. The court found that this was an act of infringement (侵权) and said the lady must make a public apology and pay 500 yuan to Li. The court decided that the AI-generated picture had “originality (独创性)” and that such pictures should be known as works and protected by copyright law (法律). The court said that Li made the setting of the AI model based on his needs. The image was produced based on his ideas and showed his own expression. So, Li is the creator of the image and owns its copyright. Exploring AI at iFLYTEK
In November, our school went to iFLYTEK for a study tour to get a deeper understanding of artificial intelligence (AI). The teacher first introduced some common knowledge and real-world uses of AI. For example, AlphaGo beat the Go world champion while ChatGPT passed the Chinese Medical Practitioner License Examination (中医师执业资格考试) with high scores. After visiting, we came to believe that AI may be able to do things that humans can not. Then we experienced iFLYTEK’s Starfire model. To test its functionality (功能), we suggested a Chinese writing topic about happiness that we had been thinking about for a long time. At first, Starfire gave us a common response so we weren’t happy with it. One student said, “This article has no standout (出色的) features. I think it should include some character descriptions .” After many suggestions and revisions (修改), the AI’s final essay won our applause (掌声) .
39．In which SECTION of the newspaper can we read the news
A．CUSTOM. B．TECHNOLOGY. C．NATURE. D．LITERATURE.
40．According to the news above, which of the following companies or media (媒体) are using AI technology
A．China Daily, Baidu company and Xiaohongshu.
B．China Daily, Xiaohongshu and Baijiahao
C．China Daily, Baijiahao and iFLYTEK.
D．China Daily, Baidu company and iFLYTEK.
41．The best heading for the second piece of news would be ________.
A．Copyright Protection for AI-Generated Images
B．A Copyright Case between Xiaohongshu and Baijiahao
C．Baijiahao User Must Pay for AI Image
D．Xiaohongshu Image Owner Sucs (起诉) Baidu User
42．Which of the following can best describe Picture 1
A．The lady can process data fast.
B．The lady is a vlogger who offers a guide to traveling online.
C．The lady is a digital reporter from China Daily.
D．The lady became famous in an online virtual fashion show.
43．What is the main theme of the three articles above
A．How digital humans are used in some areas.
B．We should protect the copyright of AI-generated work.
C．The companies with AI technology are helpful to people.
D．The influence of AI in different fields.
【答案】39．B 40．D 41．A 42．C 43．D
【解析】本文主要介绍了人工智能在不同领域的影响。
39．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了人工智能在不同领域的影响，故文章可能出现在报纸的科技部分。故选B。
40．细节理解题。根据“China Daily has its own digital reporter”“Chinese tech company Baidu showed its first digital idol Xi Jiajia”以及“Exploring AI at iFLYTEK”可知《中国日报》，百度和科大讯飞在使用人工智能。故选D。
41．最佳标题题。根据“The first copyright case (版权案件) about AI-created images in China had its first result from the Beijing Internet Court”可知第二个新闻主要是关于中国首例人工智能图像版权案在北京互联网法院首次开庭。故选A。
42．推理判断题。根据“China Daily has its own digital reporter, Yuanxi. She can speak English and covers the wonderful world of Chinese culture.”以及图片可知，第一幅图片中的这位女士是《中国日报》的数字记者。故选C。
43．主旨大意题。根据“The Rise of Digital Humans”“The first copyright case (版权案件) about AI-created images in China had its first result from the Beijing Internet Court”以及“Exploring AI at iFLYTEK”可知这三则新闻的主题是人工智能在不同领域的影响。故选D。
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（2024·江西鹰潭·一模）① Animal behavior is an interesting and attractive study. Scientists research the ways animals use to look for food. They study how animals protect themselves from their predators, and which animals kill other animals for food. All of this helps us understand how useful animals can be.
② Each country or culture raises some animals for food. In the United States, people mainly eat meat from cows, chickens and pigs. In some other countries, people might raise sheep or buffalo for meat. These differences come in part from weather and other environmental conditions (状况). People around the world eat all kinds of fish and shellfish from oceans and rivers. In some countries, people don’t always choose some animal groups, such as dogs, for food while in other countries such animals may become people’s favorite food.
③ In West Africa, animals provide humans with more than food. They have been helping people do daily work for thousands of years. Horses, oxen, and other work animals pull heavy things. Elephants, camels and other animals carry people and things from place to place. Carrier pigeons (信鸽) have been used to send messages.
④ People also receive health benefits (利益) from animals. For example, dogs and cats can help calm people
down. This is helpful for people fighting illnesses. Animals can also reduce stress, helping people to draw their attention to learning new information, such as reading. When people are walking their dogs or horses, it encourages exercise.
⑤ Animals and humans share space on Earth, so keeping a healthy relationship with animals around us is in our best interest.
44．What is the passage mainly about
A．Where animals live and how they look for food.
B．The relationship between animals and humans.
C．The different things animals can do in different countries.
D．What humans should do when communicating with animals.
45．What does the underlined word “predators” in Paragraph I probably mean
A．Neighbours. B．Friends. C．Children. D．Enemies.
46．Which activities that animals can do for people are mentioned in Paragraph 3
a. Pull heavy things. b. Carry people. c. Send messages. d. Look for food.
A．abc B．abd C．bed D．acd
47．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．People around the world eat all kinds of fish.
B．Horses are helpful for people fighting illnesses.
C．Elephants encourage humans to do more exercise.
D．Americans mainly eat meat from buffalo and sheep.
48．Which of the following is the structure of the passage
A． B． C． D．
【答案】44．B 45．D 46．A 47．A 48．C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了动物和人类之间的关系：动物不仅为人类提供食物、干工作，还和人类有很好的友谊。
44． 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要是关于动物和人类之间的关系。故选B。
45． 词句猜测题。根据“They study how animals protect themselves from their predators, and which animals kill other animals for food.”可知他们研究动物如何保护自己免受敌人——捕食者的伤害，故划线部分和enemies意义相近。故选D。
46．细节理解题。根据“Horses, oxen, and other work animals pull heavy things. Elephants, camels and other animals carry people and things from place to place. Carrier pigeons (信鸽) have been used to send messages.”可知马、牛和其他工作动物拉重物，大象、骆驼和其他动物把人和东西从一个地方带到另一个地方，信鸽被用来传递信息。故选A。
47．细节理解题。根据“People around the world eat all kinds of fish and shellfish from oceans and rivers.”可知，全世界的人都吃各种各样的鱼。故选A。
48．篇章结构题。通读全文，第一段综述动物的行为；第二、三、四段分述动物的用途——为人类提供食物、干活和从动物的健康关系中受益；第五段综述动物和人类的关系。故文章的结构属于总——分——总。故选C。2024年中考英语复习冲刺过关：阅读理解
（2023·山东淄博·中考真题）Have you ever read Andersen’s fairy tale The Ugly Duckling (丑小鸭) Do you know that his motherland is Denmark It lies in northern Europe. Let me tell you something about it.
You can find almost any fast food in Denmark, such as hamburgers and hot dogs. Danish open-faced sandwiches are not only delicious, but also pretty and fun. They are works of art. Tasting some is an experience that shouldn’t be missed.
“Lego” toys were created in Denmark. The toys were made of wood before. Building with Legos helps students learn about engineering, physics and technology in a fun way. In 1968, the first Legoland theme park opened in Billund, Denmark. Today, there are Legoland parks in California, Florida, Malaysia, Dubai, Windsor, Japan and Germany.
Bicycling is popular in Denmark. Nine out of ten Danes have a bike. They ride their bikes no matter what the weather. They aren’t just riding bikes for fun. They use bikes to get to work, to take their kids to places, and even to carry goods. Today, more and more people are choosing bikes over cars. They have a saying in Denmark: “A bicycle is a Dane’s best friend.”
Denmark is called the land of fairy tales. Andersen’s another popular fairy tale is The Little Mermaid (美人鱼). The Little Mermaid statue (雕塑) has been regarded as Denmark’s most famous landmark since 1913. The Danes believe that she brings them good luck.
1．What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 1 refer to
A．The Ugly Duckling. B．Denmark. C．Europe. D．Fast food.
2．According to Paragraph 4, we can call Denmark “________”.
A．the country of bikes B．the land of fairy stories
C．the capital of art D．the home of Legos
3．Which of the following is true about the Little Mermaid statue
A．It’s called fairy land. B．It was built by Andersen.
C．It welcomes the ships there. D．It has been there for about 110 years.
4．What does the passage mainly talk about
A．Fairy tales. B．Andersen’s life.
C．Some facts about Denmark. D．The history of Denmark.
一. 解题策略
1.先读问题，弄清考查要点。
先读问题可弄清考点，以便能带着问题看文章，这样会心中有数，有的放矢。
2.快速浏览全文，掌握全貌。
浏览全文时注意发现与问题有关的信息，如果时间紧，至少要扫视一下起首段和尾段。再把标题和文章内容结合起来想一想，这样全文大意便清楚了。此时，不要忙于答题
3.细读原文，捕捉相关信息词。
细读原文，掌握短文细节内容。这是解题的关键，应特别注意以下几点：
①抓住四个“W”和一个“H”，就是边读边用铅笔做些标记，把What (事件)，When（时间），Where（地点），Why（原因），How（经过）划出来。抓住了四个“W”和一个“H”，就抓住了文章的全貌，一些直接性的问题便可解决。
②抓住连接词及起关键作用的副词、代词、介词、插入语等。因为这些词具有因果，让步，递进，转折，指代，列举及承上启下等各种连接上下文的特殊功能。这对考生分清文章层次，辨明各种关系，了解人物心理，推断作者意图，进行逻辑推理等手段来分析难点，都具有举足轻重的作用。
③注意领会文章的寓意。
④根据题意，初选答案。这一步须仔细审题，领会测试要求，确定解题方法。对那些明显的，有把握的题可以断然确定，不必把其余三个答案再作推敲而浪费时间：有些略难的题，应再查阅短文（不是重读一遍），迅速找出依据，予以排除。
4.重读原文，仔细斟酌核对答案。在解完最后一道题后，如果时间允许，再将原文读一遍；用全文的主题思想统率各思考题，研究其内在联系和逻辑关系，目的在于对所做答案进一步审查，推出未解答的题，以便减少失误。
二、主要题型及解题技巧
1.主旨大意题（To find out the main idea）
其目的是考查考生对短文中心思想或作者意图的掌握。
解题技巧：
①抓住主题句，锁定文章主旨
找主题句， 应先通读全文，理解大意，充分理解主题句的意义。主题句一般具有以下特征：概括全段思想；一般位于段首、段尾或位于段中；
解这种题目时，不能只凭文中的只言片语而断章取义，比如涉及文章的标题(title)、主题(main idea)、结论(conclusion)、结局(end)等有关问题，都需要在细读全文的基础上，结合所学语言知识、背景知识、生活常识、科学专业知识进行逻辑思维、推理、判断，从而获取文章中内隐的信息。
②抓住段落大意，概括中心思想
③抓住主线和关键，归纳文章中心
主旨题常见的命题形式：
(1) The main idea of the passage is…….
(2) This passage is mainly about…….
(3) The author’s purpose in writing this text is…….
(4) Which of the following is the best title for the passage
(5) What’s the topic of the text
典例：
1.What’s the main idea of the third paragraph
A.Many parents don’t understand kids’ language in their blogs.
B.Many parents are worried about these young bloggers.
C.Many parents can’t understand why their kids don’t like studying.
2.What is the passage about
A.Repairing old computers.
B.Selling old computers.
C.Recycling old computers.
2.细节理解题( To look for details)
细节题是用来进一步表达主题，体现中心思想的，往往针对短文某个细节来设题。
细节理解题常考题型：1、是非题 2、例证题 3、年代与数字 4、比较 5、原因 6、事实排序题 7、直接信息题 8、间接信息题 9、综合信息题…
解题技巧： (1)细心审题，直接就题找答案。
(2)变通理解，间接转述找答案。
(3)多点归纳，综合事实找答案。
细节题常见的命题形式：
Which of the following is True/Not True
In the passage, which of the following is mentioned
All of the following statements are true except…
Choose the right order of the events given in the passage. Where, how, who, why, how long等引导的特殊疑问句要求判断细节。
典例：
1. Which of the following is NOT true
A. My brothers, my sisters and I would sometimes fight about which channel to watch when I was a child.
B. These days, there is only one channel with old movies, cooking and fishing.
C. People have many channels to choose from now.
3、猜测词义题( To guess the meaning)
猜测词义题主要考查考生根据上下文正确判断灵活变化的词义的能力。单词的猜测能力是阅读理解能力的主要组成部分，初中英语学科教学基本要求规定，学生能根据上下文推测词义，并能不借助词典读懂含有3%左右生词的语言材料。
解题技巧：
①通过因果关系猜测词义；
首先找出生词与上下文之间的逻辑关系，然后才能猜词。有时文章借助关联词（如because, as, since, for, so, thus, as a result, of course, therefore等）表示前因后果。
Eg: You shouldn’t have blame him for that, for it wasn’t his fault.
通过for 引出的句子所表示的原因（那不是他的错），可猜出blame的词义是责备。
②通过同义词和近、反义词的关系猜词；
通过同义词猜词，一要看由and或or连接的同义词词组，如：happy and gay, 即使我们不认识gay这个词，也可以知道它是愉快的意思； 二是看在进一步解释的过程中使用的同义词。如：Man was knowing something about the planets Venus, Mars, and Jupiter with the help of spaceships. 此句中Venus，Mars，Jupiter均为生词，但是只要知道planets就可以猜出这几个词都是属于“行星”义域。
通过反义词猜词，一看表转折关系的连词或副词，如：but, while, however等；二看与not搭配的表示否定意义的词。如：He is so homely, not at all as handsome as his brother. 根据not at all … handsome 就不难推测，homely 意为不英俊，不漂亮之意。
③通过构词法猜测词义；
阅读文章时，总会遇到新词汇，有时很难根据上下文来推测，而他们对文章的理解又有着举足轻重的作用，此时，如果掌握了一些常用的合成、派生、转化等语法知识，这些问题便不难解决了。
④通过定义或释义说明来推测词义；
Eg: But sometimes, no rain falls for a long long time. Then there is a dry period, or drought. 从drought 所在句子的上下文我们可以得知很久不下雨，于是便有一段干旱的时期，即drought. 由此可见drought 意为“久旱”、“旱灾”，而a dry period 和drought是同义词。这种同义或释义关系常为：is, or, that is, in other words, be called或破折号等来表示。
⑤通过描述猜测词义；
⑥用知识和生活经验猜测词义；
⑦根据上下文的指代关系进行猜测。
常见命题形式如下：
(1)The word “…” in the passage probably means_________.
(2)What does the word “…”mean_________.
(3)The underlined(划线的) word means_________.
(4)The close meaning of the underlined word“…”is _________in English .
(5)The word “…”refers to _________.
典例：
1.In the 2nd paragraph, the close meaning of the underlined word“teased”is _________ in English .
A. hit B. criticized C. laughed at
2.What’s the Chinese meaning of the underlined word “fined”
A. 罚款 B. 给予 C. 奖励
注意事项：
在做词义猜测题时注意不要脱离语境。有些常用词在特定的上下文中，或专业性文章中，具有特殊的或专门的词义。在解这类题时，必须仔细地研读划线部分的上下文，有时阅读的视线还要扩大一些。如果离开特定的语言环境来理解生词意义，必然会理解错误。
4.推理判断题（ To infer a conclusion)
推理判断题在阅读测试中属于难题。推理判断题就是根据某个事实推断结论。包括：数据事实推断、常识推断以及作者的写作目的、态度和倾向等的推断
解题技巧：推理判断题分两种，即对细节的推理和对主旨的推理。解决此类题要注意，一是与原文相同的细节不能选，二是文中没有出现的细节不能跳出文章做推断。解题过程中只要注意上述两点，再结合做细节和主旨的方法，即可以做出推理判断题。
①推理深层含义的常见命题形式如下：
(1)We can infer from the passage that _______.
(2)The writer suggest that _______.
(3)From the passage, we can learn that _______.
(4)We may conclude from the passage that _______.
(5)From the passage, it can be inferred that _______.
典例：
We can learn the last paragraph that
A. It’s easy for many teenagers to give up blogging on the Internet.
B. It’s safe for many teenagers to put their personal information on the Internet.
C. It’s popular for many teenagers to use blogs on the Internet.
②推理作者意图、观点、态度的常见命题方式如下：
The writer’s purpose in writing this story is ……
In the writer’s opinion, a good school should ……
What should be the right attitude towards “…”
The writer’s attitude toward “…” is ……
The writer mainly wants to tell us ……
例：
We spent a day in the country picking wild flowers. With the car full of flowers we were going home. On our way back, my wife noticed a cupboard outside a shop. It was tall and narrow. “Buy it.” My wife said at once, “We’ll carry it home on the roof rack.. I’ve always wanted one like that.” What could I do Ten minutes later, I was $20 poorer, and the cupboard was tied on the roof rack.
From the passage, we can see that in fact the husband ________ the cupboard.
thought it was worth buying B.believed they needed to buy
C.was glad to have bought D.would rather not buy
【详解】从划线部分我们可以看出，这位丈夫是由于妻子喜欢不得不买，由此推断答案应为D。
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（2024·云南·一模）In China, the year 2024 is known as long nian in the traditional Chinese lunar calendar. Over a long period of time, it has been called the Year of the Dragon in English. But actually, there are a lot of differences between the Chinese long and the Western dragon.
The Chinese long is made up of parts of some gentle animals, such as a rabbit’s eyes and an ox’s ears. In Chinese mythology, long is able to fly. In addition, it can also spray (喷洒) water from its mouth to create rain.
However, in Western culture, a dragon breathes fire and has the body of a snake and big wings of a bat. What’s more, you will find most of the Western dragons in dark colors because they usually stand for evil (邪恶). As a result, normally at the end of the stories, the evil dragon will be beaten by the superheroes.
What makes such differences In fact, they have something to do with the cultural differences. In Chinese Confucian (儒家的) ideas, kindness and harmony (和谐) are very important. It is our duty to help each other and live a peaceful life. Western culture, on the other hand, prefers individual heroism (个人英雄主义). Whenever something terrible happens, there will be a superhero who is brave enough to stand out, fight against the enemy on his own, and, of course, save the whole world.
In recent years, Chinese have tried to translate long in another way. For example, Zhejiang’s Loong Air has already written long as Loong. One of the reasons is that Loong sounds the same as the Chinese character long. Besides, the letters “oo” in the word Loong look like the two big eyes of the animal, which makes it easier to memorize this word.
Anyway, no matter how long is translated, there is one thing for sure: the Chinese long is different from the
Western dragon, and it is a symbol of good luck.
Wish you and your family the best in the Year of Loong!
1．Which of the following is the picture of a Western dragon
A． B． C． D．
2．According to the Chinese Confucian ideas, what might be the reason for long to spray water
A．To fight against the evil dragon. B．To help the farmers in the dry weather.
C．To show its power and ability. D．To make itself the superhero in this world.
3．Which of the following is True according to the passage
A．A dragon breathes fire and has the body of a bat.
B．2024 is the year of Loong in the traditional Chinese lunar calendar.
C．The Western dragon is a symbol of good luck.
D．Long can’t fly because it has no wings.
4．________ make Loong the new translation of the Chinese character long according to the passage.
A．The historical background and cultural meaning B．The historical background and spelling
C．The pronunciation and spelling D．The cultural meaning and pronunciation
5．In which part of a magazine may we find this passage
A．Healthy Life. B．Creative Art. C．Amazing Animals. D．Colorful Culture.
<2>
（2024·云南·一模）Zong Qinghou was the founder (创始人) of Hang zhou Wahaha Group. He was born in 1945 in wartime China. He grew up very poor in Hangzhou and often went hungry. His father was out of work, and his mother supported the family of five children as a factory worker.
“Because of the hardship, as a child I had many dreams and hoped to make big money for my parents in return,” Zong said in a history book. As the eldest child, Zong left school after junior high to support his family and spent over ten years doing different jobs, including hard physical work at a far-away farm.
In 1978, Zong returned to Hangzhou and spent the next ten years working as a salesman. “My only dream at that time was to have my own company and do what I wanted to do, and I had been looking for such a chance,” he said in the history book. The chance finally came in 1987. Zong borrowed 140,000 yuan to start his own company, selling ice pops (冰棒) and stationery (文具) to students at a nearby primary school.
The company, which would later become Wahaha, sold ice pops for a cent each. During his door-to-door sales, Zong learned that many children were picky eaters so that they can’t get all the necessary nutrition (营养). That was a big headache for parents.
Seeing a potential chance, Zong worked with a professor of nutrition to invent a vitamin drink for children
called Wahaha Oral Liquid. The product became a huge success soon. The company achieved nearly 100 million yuan in sales in the third year after it went on the market. That year, Zong founded the Hangzhou WaHaha Group after buying a failing food factory.
6．How many people were there in Zong’s family
A．Three. B．Five. C．Seven. D．Nine.
7．The underlined word “picky” in paragraph 4 means ________ in Chinese.
A．贪嘴的 B．挑剔的 C．厌食的 D．健康的
8．What can we infer from the passage
A．Zong succeeded at last because of his good luck.
B．Zong works in his own company in 1980.
C．Wahaha Oral Liquid wasn’t popular at first.
D．Wahaha Oral Liquid can offer necessary nutrition to children.
9．Which is the right order about Zong’s life
①Zong works as a salesman in Hangzhou. ②Zong did different jobs to support his family.
③WaHaha group was founded. ④Zong bought a falling food factory.
⑤Zong borrowed money to start his own company. ⑥Zong dreamed to make big money.
A．⑥①④②③⑤ B．⑥②①⑤④③ C．⑥②①⑤③④ D．⑥①⑤④②③
10．Which can be the best title for the passage
A．Hangzhou Wahaha Group B．How to Sell Wahah a Oral Liquid
C．How to Make Big Money D．Zong Qinghou and Wahaha Group
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（2024·北京·一模）In the past decade, the use of social media has grown in a way that no one could have guessed. It has turned some teenagers into celebrities (名人) and turned the famous into the infamous, overnight.
A key feature (特征) of social media, however, is its volatility. Trends (趋向，动向) come and go, disappearing almost as quickly as they appeared.
Short video apps such as TikTok and its Chinese equivalent (对应词) Douyin, took the world by storm. TikTok was once ranked 8th on Apple’s App Store, and Douyin had more than 300 million domestic monthly active users.
Why are these short videos, which are rarely (罕有) longer than a few minutes, so popular Jiang Yige, Singapore-based analyst at FengHe Fund Management, has a theory. “Short videos are just right to fill in the little gaps in our busy schedules,” he told CNBC．
These videos, apart from being very convenient, are important to teenagers because they allow them to express themselves, according to Teen Vogue.
Liza Koshy, a user of the US app Musical, who has over 2 million followers, said, “The sense of community that users of short video apps get is another appealing (有吸引力的) feature.”
Live streaming (直播) is a feature of our social media life that now seems as, natural as sunrise. It’s a pretty neat idea: You can watch anyone, anywhere, live However, China has taken live streaming to a whole new level. In China, millions of viewers monthly watch a live streaming video. Forbes thought that a number of factors had led to the popularity of the live streaming. Among them is viewers’ ability to interact with unknown names.
However, the quick development of social media may be having side effects too. Fake news is one serious problem it causes. Materials shared on these platforms are often not checked for accuracy (准确，精确). The most basic content (内容) can be false and can mislead users one way or another. We use social media all the time, which doesn’t mean that we understand the influence it is having on us. We should be mindful of both the time we spend on it and its powerful effect on our minds.
11．What does the underlined word “volatility” in Paragraph 2 possibly mean
A．Being changeable. B．Being valuable.
C．Being comfortable. D．Being international.
12．According to Liza Koshy, why are short video apps very popular
A．They are very convenient.
B．They help people kill time.
C．They provide a sense of community.
D．They allow people to express themselves.
13．What do we know about social media
A．Live streaming is the most popular way of our social media life.
B．People can’t communicate with each other without social media.
C．There is still much room for social media to make improvement.
D．Taking short videos is the best way for teenagers to express themselves.
14．What does the writer want to tell us in the passage
A．Short video apps will take the world by storm in the future.
B．Social media can help you turn into celebrities very quickly.
C．People can share any interesting materials on the platforms without checking.
D．It’s wise to think over both the time and the effect when we use social media.
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（2024·四川南充·二模）The film YOLO (You Only Live Once) directed by Jia Ling, China’s most successful female filmmaker has become a hit recently. In the film, Jia plays Le Ying, a jobless woman in her thirties who still lives with her parents until one day, she meets a boxing coach (拳击教练), Hao Kun (played by Lei Jiayin), and later finds strength and hope in boxing training and changes her life. The actress-director lost 50
kilos which became a hot topic in social media.
After watching the film, many people start trying to lose weight. Some people plan to join gyms, but not all of them can stick to exercise. So how do you make sure you find a gym you like, and more importantly, one where you feel comfortable
To answer the questions, Jarrod Saracco, a fitness (健身) coach with 20 years of experience in the field, gives his advice. “From the moment you walk in, it should be about the energy and the experience. Do they greet you Do people working out look like they’re having a good time ”
However, there are so many gyms in China, so choosing the right one may take you a little time. Here are some tips about how to choose a good gym.
Find a gym close to your home. You can walk to the gym to do some sports. It’s better to drive less than 15 minutes. If you find a good place to park your car, your choice may be right.
Visit at your best workout time. Saturday afternoon may be the right hour to check out a gym. You can go and have a look at it. If it is very crowded, try another gym.
Check for clean machines. Keeping things clean or not means the gym is good or bad. A professional staff member should also be wiping (擦拭) down machines in the day. While you are visiting, watch to see whether there’s a strict rule of wiping down everything after use. If not, try another gym.
15．Which of the following is right according to the passage
A．In the movie, Le Ying met Hao Kun in the gym where she worked.
B．It became a hot topic in social media that Jia Ling lost 50 fans.
C．The film YOLO was directed by China’s most successful male filmmaker.
D．It means more to people to feel comfortable in a gym.
16．If __________, the gym is a good choice.
A．it takes less than 15 minutes to walk there
B．many people work out there and they seem to enjoy themselves
C．the coaches there are energetic, experienced and good-looking
D．the machines there are always cleaned well
17．How many pieces of advice on the topic does the writer offer
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．None.
18．Which is the structure of the passage
A．①②/③/④⑤⑥⑦ B．①/②③④/⑤⑥⑦
C．①/②③/④⑤⑥⑦ D．①②③/④⑤⑥/⑦
19．What is the best title of the article
A．YOLO—A Great Movie! B．Let’s Go To Gyms!
C．Check for Clean Machines! D．Stick To Exercise!
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（2024·北京房山·一模）Can you see the glass as half full, rather than half empty Are you always looking on the bright side of life If so, you might be an optimist.
An optimist is someone who is hopeful about the future and tends to expect that good things will happen. A number of studies have shown that optimists enjoy higher levels of happiness, better sleep, lower stress and even better cardiovascular (心血管的) health and immune (免疫的) function. And now, a study connects being an optimist with a longer life.
Researchers followed the lifespan (寿命) of some 160, 000 women aged 50 to 79 for 26 years. They were divided into two groups by completing a self-report measure of optimism. Women with the highest scores were considered optimists. Those with the lowest scores were considered pessimists. Then, the researchers followed up with the study. They found that those who had the highest levels of optimism were more likely to live longer. So why is it that optimists live longer
One possible reason is that it could be related with their healthier lifestyles. For example, research from several studies has found that optimism is related with eating a healthy diet, staying physically active and being less likely to smoke cigarettes. These healthy behaviors are well known to improve heart health and reduce the risk for cardiovascular disease. Accepting a healthy lifestyle is also important for reducing the risk of other potentially deadly diseases, such as cancer.
Another possible reason could be the way optimists manage stress. When faced with a stressful situation, optimists will reduce stress levels and boost the power to take steps. They use methods to solve the source of the stress, or look at the situation in a less stressful way. For example, optimists will plan ways to deal with the matter, call on others for support or try to find hope in the stressful situation.
In short, the ways optimists deal with stress might help protect them somewhat against its harmful effects. Be the person who looks at the glass half full. Appreciate the little things in your life and face your problems with a smile and a take-charge attitude. Optimism is the best tool when it comes to changing your outlook on life.
20．According to the passage, who is probably an optimist
A．Tom is upset on rainy or snowy days.
B．Lucy is unwilling to ask others for support.
C．Chris keeps volunteering at the Nursing Home.
D．Marry believes she can solve the problem she meets.
21．What can we learn from the passage
A．People who see half-empty glass are more hopeful.
B．Healthy lifestyle will help treat cardiovascular disease.
C．Optimism is related with being likely to smoke cigarettes.
D．Optimists may enjoy longer lifespan than the less optimistic ones.
22．The word “boost” in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to “________”.
A．share B．increase C．lose D．limit
23．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage
A．To call on people to be optimistic towards life.
B．To give suggestions on how to deal with stress.
C．To show the results of a study on healthy lifestyles.
D．To tell the effects of being optimistic among women.
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（2024·山东·一模）
Confucianism (儒家思想), the way of life developed by Confucius, has been followed by Chinese people for more than two thousand years.
Five Constants (五常)——ren, yi, li, zhi, xin——is part of Confucianism and they help people understand how to behave towards others. They are general virtues (美德) around the world. The most important two are ren and li.
Ren is the feeling of care and love we should have for others. Confucius explained ren could best be understood as loving others. He is famous for teaching people “What you do not want done to yourself, do not do to others”. It is quite similar to what is known in the West as the Golden Rule (treat others as you wish to be treated).
While the meaning of ren is easy to understand, li is a little harder to express. It can be thought of as duty or even respect. Generally, li is the way we should connect with people in our everyday life. In Confucian writings, discussions about li include the proper way to drink tea and how to remember ancestors (祖先). While ren is mostly about our opinions and feelings, li is about how we express our opinions and feelings towards others and towards the world around us.
Although Xiao isn’t one of Five Constants, it’s the basic Confucian virtue. Xiao means loving, respecting, obeying and taking care of one’s parents in their old age. In Confucianism, xiao is important for a harmonious (和谐的) society: Without it, the whole world would fall into a mess.
24．Which are the most important of the Five Constants
A．Ren and yi. B．Ren and li. C．Li and xin. D．Yi and zhi.
25．What is the best Chinese for the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3
A．博学于文，约之以礼。 B．学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。
C．己所不欲，勿施于人。 D．君子和而不同，小人同而不和。
26．Which of the following is an example of li
A．Building a peaceful society. B．Taking care of one’s children.
C．Learning all through one’s life. D．Obeying rules for drinking tea.
27．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage
A．Five constants mainly teach us how to love ourselves.
B．The Golden Rule in the west has a lot in common with Ren.
C．Ren is about the way we show our feelings and opinions.
D．The meaning of xiao is respecting our harmonious society.
28．What does the passage mainly tell us about Confucianism
A．Its general virtues. B．Its long history.
C．Its new challenges. D．Its golden rules.
<7>
（2024·福建福州·二模）Are you a procrastinator (拖延者) Are you putting off going to the gym Have you seldom cleaned your rooms in time Are you waiting just one more day to study for that test Procrastination is putting off to later what you know you should be doing now. But all those tasks you push to tomorrow can make their way into your mind. And that could harm your health.
In one study, scientists connected procrastination to many problems. These included depression (沮丧), nervousness and even arm pain. “I was surprised when I saw that one,” says Fred Johansson. The psychologist (心理学家) and his team reported the results in a newspaper.
The study is one of the largest so far to deal with procrastination’s ties to health. For years, scientists didn’t seem to view procrastination as something serious. This new study could change that.
The study followed about 2,500 students over nine months. They found that procrastinators perform worse over time than those who did things without delay (延迟). For instance, they were more worried, depressed and sleep-deprived (睡眠不足的).
From this type of study, the team can’t say for sure that putting things off causes poor health. But results from other research teams seem to point in the same direction. One 2021 study tied procrastinating at bedtime to depression. And a 2015 study connected procrastinating to poor heart health. According to Fuschia Sirois, a scientist at Durham University in England, the harmful effects of procrastination could build up over time. Procrastination alone may not cause disease, however it could be “one factor that can tip the scales (扭转局势).”
29．How did the writer lead to the topic
A．By comparing facts. B．By telling stories.
C．By asking questions. D．By giving examples.
30．The underlined word “These” in Paragraph 2 refers to ________.
A．procrastinators B．tasks C．scientists D．problems
31．How many students took part in the study of Fred Johansson
A．2500. B．2015. C．2000. D．1500.
32．What is the same conclusion of studies in 2021 and 2015
A．Delaying makes poor heart health.
B．Procrastination is a kind of disease.
C．Delaying at bedtime makes depression.
D．Procrastination leads to many problems.
33．What is the writer’s purpose in writing this text
A．To make the readers know about the procrastinators.
B．To advise the readers to keep away from procrastination.
C．To tell about the different result of studies.
D．To show the reasons for procrastination.
<8>
（2024·湖北武汉·二模）Life’s greatest lesson for Granny Hu can be found in a cup of the green tea she has grown and spent most of her life: the bitter comes before the sweet, and she has known both. She was good at growing things from at least age 14. She loved the soil and worked in her gardens until she was 113. “My grandma is quick-witted and hard-working. She was better at planting crops than others, so in the years when there were shortages of food she was able to support the family,” his grandson said. Granny Hu is the oldest person in her village and she experienced all the hardships during the life. “I have lost my husband, my children and my brothers, but I couldn’t lose myself in sadness. Luckily, I can always find love in my family and that is how I was encouraged to carry on.”
Another centenarian (百岁老人) , Granny Yang, gave birth to eight children. “In the darkest days, we didn’t have enough food to support the big family, so I went into the mountains to look for food to feed my children instead of giving them away, as many people did,” she said, “no one in my family was allowed to shout or scream at each other. My children grew up in peace.” What’s more, she helped her children get a better education. “Education is the best soil to support children’s growth and will improve themselves for a lifetime.”
The poor life inspires a strong wish for change. That’s the most important lesson that Grandpa Dong said he has learned in life. Like most older people in China, he expected to spend his life farming. However, because of the wars, he was driven out of his farm. He spent nearly 10 years to make his way home. The condition in his home was more terrible than that before he left. To improve the poor life, he left his farm again to look a new way to
make a living. He did business and he finally made a comfortable living. This 108-year-old man gives his advice to others: “Don’t be afraid of change.”
All these centenarians have one thing in common—The quickest way to happiness and long life is to do nothing negative. Have a joyful heart and be kind to others. If you want to live up to be 100 years old, try their ways!
34．Which is not true about Granny Hu
A．She thinks life is like a cup of green tea
B．She couldn’t support her family after she lost her husband.
C．She works on farming for nearly 100 years.
D．She was able to go through all the hardships because of the love from her family.
35．What does Granny Yang think highly of
A．Enough food to support the big family. B．Having a big family.
C．A better education for her children. D．Growing up in peace.
36．Which word has the same meaning as “quick-witted” in paragraph one
A．Careful. B．Helpful. C．Lucky. D．Smart.
37．From the third paragraph, we can infer that Grandpa Dong ________.
A．will spend his life farming B．had been a soldier during the war
C．is probably a businessman D．is afraid of change
38．Which is the best title for the passage
A．How to live to be 100 years old. B．The experience during one’s life.
C．Life’s greatest lessons of centenarians. D．The lifestyle of some centenarians.
<9>
（2024·湖北武汉·二模）
The Rise of Digital HumansAs we all know, AI humans now can be like real people. They can do real people’s voices and moves and even copy their personalities (性格). Digital humans today appear in many ways. They can be idols (偶像), vloggers (视频博主), reporters, and more. For example, China Daily has its own digital reporter, Yuanxi. She can speak English and covers the wonderful world of Chinese culture. She can process (处理) data fast. This can help the newsroom work faster. In February 2022, Chinese tech company Baidu showed its first digital idol Xi Jiajia. She can change her makeup and how she dresses, and even do livestreams!
During China Fashion Week in September 2022, Xi Jiajia became famous in an online virtual fashion show (虚拟时装秀) . _________________ The first copyright case (版权案件) about AI-created images in China had its first result from the Beijing Internet Court (北京互联网法院). A man surnamed Li is a Chinese social media Xiaohongshu account (账户) owner. He used an AI image generator in February to make a picture. And then, he posted the picture on Xiaohongshu. However, a lady surnamed Liu used the picture in March and cut off the Xiaohongshu watermark (水印) in her post in Baijiahao, a blog-style platform under Baidu. The court found that this was an act of infringement (侵权) and said the lady must make a public apology and pay 500 yuan to Li. The court decided that the AI-generated picture had “originality (独创性)” and that such pictures should be known as works and protected by copyright law (法律). The court said that Li made the setting of the AI model based on his needs. The image was produced based on his ideas and showed his own expression. So, Li is the creator of the image and owns its copyright. Exploring AI at iFLYTEK In November, our school went to iFLYTEK for a study tour to get a deeper understanding of artificial intelligence (AI). The teacher first introduced some common knowledge and real-world uses of AI. For example, AlphaGo beat the Go world champion while ChatGPT passed the Chinese Medical Practitioner License Examination (中医师执业资格考试) with high scores. After visiting, we came to believe that AI may be able to do things that humans can not. Then we experienced iFLYTEK’s Starfire model. To test its functionality (功能), we suggested a Chinese writing topic about happiness that we had been thinking about for a long time. At first, Starfire gave us a common response so we weren’t happy with it. One student said, “This article
has no standout (出色的) features. I think it should include some character descriptions .” After many suggestions and revisions (修改), the AI’s final essay won our applause (掌声) .
39．In which SECTION of the newspaper can we read the news
A．CUSTOM. B．TECHNOLOGY. C．NATURE. D．LITERATURE.
40．According to the news above, which of the following companies or media (媒体) are using AI technology
A．China Daily, Baidu company and Xiaohongshu.
B．China Daily, Xiaohongshu and Baijiahao
C．China Daily, Baijiahao and iFLYTEK.
D．China Daily, Baidu company and iFLYTEK.
41．The best heading for the second piece of news would be ________.
A．Copyright Protection for AI-Generated Images
B．A Copyright Case between Xiaohongshu and Baijiahao
C．Baijiahao User Must Pay for AI Image
D．Xiaohongshu Image Owner Sucs (起诉) Baidu User
42．Which of the following can best describe Picture 1
A．The lady can process data fast.
B．The lady is a vlogger who offers a guide to traveling online.
C．The lady is a digital reporter from China Daily.
D．The lady became famous in an online virtual fashion show.
43．What is the main theme of the three articles above
A．How digital humans are used in some areas.
B．We should protect the copyright of AI-generated work.
C．The companies with AI technology are helpful to people.
D．The influence of AI in different fields.
<10>
（2024·江西鹰潭·一模）① Animal behavior is an interesting and attractive study. Scientists research the ways animals use to look for food. They study how animals protect themselves from their predators, and which animals kill other animals for food. All of this helps us understand how useful animals can be.
② Each country or culture raises some animals for food. In the United States, people mainly eat meat from cows, chickens and pigs. In some other countries, people might raise sheep or buffalo for meat. These differences come in part from weather and other environmental conditions (状况). People around the world eat all kinds of fish and shellfish from oceans and rivers. In some countries, people don’t always choose some animal groups, such as
dogs, for food while in other countries such animals may become people’s favorite food.
③ In West Africa, animals provide humans with more than food. They have been helping people do daily work for thousands of years. Horses, oxen, and other work animals pull heavy things. Elephants, camels and other animals carry people and things from place to place. Carrier pigeons (信鸽) have been used to send messages.
④ People also receive health benefits (利益) from animals. For example, dogs and cats can help calm people down. This is helpful for people fighting illnesses. Animals can also reduce stress, helping people to draw their attention to learning new information, such as reading. When people are walking their dogs or horses, it encourages exercise.
⑤ Animals and humans share space on Earth, so keeping a healthy relationship with animals around us is in our best interest.
44．What is the passage mainly about
A．Where animals live and how they look for food.
B．The relationship between animals and humans.
C．The different things animals can do in different countries.
D．What humans should do when communicating with animals.
45．What does the underlined word “predators” in Paragraph I probably mean
A．Neighbours. B．Friends. C．Children. D．Enemies.
46．Which activities that animals can do for people are mentioned in Paragraph 3
a. Pull heavy things. b. Carry people. c. Send messages. d. Look for food.
A．abc B．abd C．bed D．acd
47．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．People around the world eat all kinds of fish.
B．Horses are helpful for people fighting illnesses.
C．Elephants encourage humans to do more exercise.
D．Americans mainly eat meat from buffalo and sheep.
48．Which of the following is the structure of the passage
A． B． C． D．