2024年中考英语单项选择技巧 课件(共27张PPT)

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名称 2024年中考英语单项选择技巧 课件(共27张PPT)
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更新时间 2024-05-08 21:02:42

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(共27张PPT)
中考英语专题
单项选择
题型分析
1
单项选择题是这些年来中考英语试卷一直采用的一种题型。在英语中考过程中,单项选择的题型虽然比较简单,但是同时,这种题型包含了词汇、固定搭配、词形变化和语法等多方面知识。
一道单项选择题,不再是单独地测试某一知识点,而是将几个知识点综合起来进行能力考查。
从设计的角度看,这部分考察的重点不是英语语法结构和词汇记忆。而是把语法和词汇知识的测试放在适当的语境中。强调语言知识的实际应用和交际功能。
从词类角度看,常考名词、代词、动词、形容词与副词、连词、介词、数词等,其中,名词、动词、形容词与副词、为必考项目。代词、连词、介词可能会放在从句中考。常在单选的前4题中出现。
从语法知识角度看,时态、语态、词组、从句为必考项目。时态题,常暗含一个动作。词组常从常用词组中出现,如look系列、turn系列。从句,要求同学们能区分定从、宾从、状从,从句中,一定要用陈述语序。而语态,如果不出意外的话,应该是在单选的最后一题是出现,同学们要考虑的是用什么时态的被动语态。以上几个点,通常出现在单选的后面4题。
考试前先做好以下几个方面:
1.牢记考试需要掌握的单词和固定短语,同时要熟悉单词的词性和词形变化。
2.掌握名词可数与不可数,可数名词的单复数形式。
3.根据上下文正确使用连词。
4.熟练掌握英语中的就近原则和主谓一致原则。
5.掌握介词的使用方法。
6.熟悉日常交际英语。
7.熟悉人称代词的各种形式以及它们所做的句子成分。
8.准确使用定冠词和不定冠词。
9.仔细区分同义词和同形词。
10.掌握一定数量的固定句式。
11.牢记 动词和介词、副词的固定搭配。
12.熟悉上下语境。
01
直接法
直接利用相关语法知识,通过题干中的已供信息,捕捉到解题线索,从而得出正确答案的解题方法。例:
--Will you come to the net bars(网吧)with me﹖
--Sorry.My mother always tells me______ there.
A. not go B. go C. not to go D. to go
根据句意可知此题考查动词不定式的否定形式,即tell sb. not to do sth.,故此题应选C。
02
关键词法
许多题目中都有这样一些词,它们对于快速而准确地判定答案起着至关重要的作用。我们称这些词为关键词key words。找到句中的关键词,也就找到了解题的突破口,例:
--He hardly hurt himself in the accident,______ ﹖
A. doesn't he
B. didn't he
C. did he
D. does he
该题中hardly与hurt是起关键词作用的。凡陈述部分含有hardly, never, little, few等否定意义的词时,反意疑问句用肯定形式;而hurt一词的过去式与原形相同,此处hurt未加s,应为过去式。因此本题答案C是正确的。
03
记准固定搭配
My cousin and I often ______ on Sundays.
A. play football
B. play the football
C. plays the football
D. plays football
在本题中,play football是固定短语,play和球类之间没有任何冠词,所以B和C 同时被排除了。主语是my cousin and I,所以play不加s,D也被排除了。只剩下A是准确答案了。
04
牢记动词的固定用法
I like_______very much and I’d like ______with my friends this afternoon.
A. swimming; to swim
B. to swim; swimming
C. swimming; swimming
D swim; to swim
在本题中,考查了两个固定短语,前者是like doing,后者是would like to do,分辨清楚这两个短语结构,就能准确选出A。
05
准确判断所需词性
Is the elephant from___?
A. African B. Africa C. Asian D. Indian
在本题中,from是介词,如果学生能够掌握在英语中介词后面只能使用名词、代词和动名词,就能准确地选出B,因为四个选项中只有B项是名词,其他三项都是形容词。本题没有上下文,不知道大象来自哪个洲,只和词性有关系。词性选对了,答案也就对了。
06
准确使用冠词
Wang Dan is ________ English teacher in ______ university.
A. a; an B. an; an C. an; a D. a; a
在本题中,English第一个音是元音,所以用an;university虽然首字母是元音字母,但是第一个音是辅音,所以它前面应该用a,因此标准答案是C.
07
类推法
如果对题目的备选答案没有十分把握或把握很小,不妨利用"如果A对,那么B也对"的类推法,从而可将A、B予以否定,例:
--Who's the man at the door﹖
-- ________.
A. He is a doctor
B. He is a friend of mine
C. He is a famous singer
D. He is twenty
仔细分析备选答案就可发现:A、C选项针对的是"职业"。若A是对的,那么C也会是对的。D回答的是年龄。故惟有B才是正确的。
08
准确使用介词
I don’t watch TV____the evening, but I do it____ Saturday evening.
A. on; in B. on; on C. in; in D. in; on
在晚上是in the evening,在周六是on Saturday,在周六晚上使用on Saturday evening,所以本题答案应是D。
09
根据句义,选择连词
I bought my son a birthday present,_____he liked it very much.
A. or B. but C. and D. so
这四个连词,or表示否则,but表示转折,and表示递进和并列,so表示因果。在本题中,我给儿子买了生日礼物,他很喜欢,后者和前者之间应该是递进和并列关系,所以答案是C。
10
熟悉人称代词的各种形式
___is my friend. ________name is Tom.
A. She; Her B. Her; She C. He; His D. His; He
在本题中,通过选项我们能看出,本题考查人称代词的几种形式。第一个横线缺少主语,所以应该是人称代词的主格形式,答案应该在A和C当中,第二条横线缺少一个定语,应该是形容词性的物主代词,A和C的第二个词都是物主代词,关键要看是男是女了,后面出现了Tom,是个男孩名字,所以答案是C。
11
仔细分辨同义词
His_____are very fine.
A. home B. house C. family D. room
在本题中,四个选项都是“家”。但是它们侧重点不同。home表示“家”,指一家人共同生活的地方;house 指“住宅”;room指“房间”;family指“家人”。能够身体好的只能是家人,所以答案是C.
12
前后照应法
此方法多用于两个以上句子或对话形式命题的题目。解题前透彻理解,然后联系上下文,捕捉隐含信息,方能准确找出答案,例:
-- He isn't a teacher, is he?
--_____ . He works in a hospital.
A. Yes, he is
B. No, he isn't
C. Yes, He isn't
D. No, he is
本题考查否定句的反意疑问句的回答。由后半句的回答,我们知道"他"的身份不是教师;对反意疑问句的回答要根据实际情况。因此应选择的是B。
13
排除法
根据题干提供的信息,先把一眼就看出的干扰项排除,缩小选择范围,然后将剩余的选项填入空白处进行检验,辨别真伪,例:
The girl asked the teacher_____ .
A. what does the museum looks like
B. what did the museum look like
C.what the museum looks like
D. what the museum looked like
本题主要考查宾语从句中的语序及时态的对应关系。主句动词是过去时,从句的谓语动词也应是过去时的某种时态,故A、C被排除。而B中有词序错误,所以D为正确答案。
14
准确掌握就近原则
Neither she nor I ____there last week.
A. was B. were C. am D. are
在英语中就近原则,是指谓语和靠近的名词和代词(有时不一定是主语),在“人称、数”上一致。如there be+句型; or; either ...or; nor; neither...nor; whether...or; not...but; not only...but also等,在这些句型中,往往使用就近原则。在本题中,距离谓语最近的主语是I,所以谓语要和I保持一致,本题有明显的时间状语last week,所以答案应是A。
15
抓住关键句型
He hasn’t got ____apples____bananas.
A. some; or B. any; or C. some; and D. any; and some
用于肯定句中,any用于否定句中;and用于肯定句中,or用于否定句中,在本题中,题干是否定句,所以答案是B。
真题实例
2
(2023滨州中考真题)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。1. —What do you think of the guide book Lonely Planet —Oh, it is really _________ useful one. You can always find _________ information you need while traveling.A. a; a B. an; an C. a; the D. an; the2. —What’s your secret of writing so well —I read a lot, and the works of Lu Xun had a strong ________ on me as a child.A. difference B. attention C. situation D. influence3. —Chinese chess player Ding Liren has done he can in chess and has put all that he has into the games.—Yes, and he has become chess world champion (冠军) recently.A. everything B. nothing C. something D. none4. —I’m thirsty. I’d like a glass of orange juice. What about you, Betty —I prefer a cup of tea _______ nothing in it.A. to B. for C. with D. without5. —How amazing ChatGPT is!—Yes. The new invention makes it quite ________ for people to write papers and stories.A. late B. simple C. natural D. difficult
6. —Father’s Day is around the corner, but I don’t have money to buy a gift for my dad.
—Why not make a card by yourself He will ________ love it.
A. widely B. smoothly C. hardly D. certainly
7. —Our parents often ________ us not to talk with strangers on the Internet.
—That’s true. As teenagers, we should learn to protect ourselves.
A. warn B. invite C. control D. promise
8. —I think I am the shyest in my class. What should I do
—Be more active in class ________ you can improve your ability to express yourself.
A. or B. so that C. unless D. although
9. —Do you know the astronaut Wang Yaping
—Sure. She is a great woman who can ________ her dreams. I really look up to her.
A. pay for B. stick to C. lay out D. set out
10 The number of the fans going to this concert is about three ________. And ________ of them are girls.
A. thousand; two third B. thousands; two third
C. thousand; two thirds D. thousands; two thirds
11. —Sorry, I can’t hear you clearly. I ________ a football match.—OK. I’ll ring you up later.A. watch B. watched C. am watching D. was watching12. —The paper cutting is pretty lively. Who made it —It ________ be Mary. None of us except her is able to do it.A. can B. must C. need D. might13. —Can he get the first prize in the race —He ________ so, but he has just hurt his leg. It’s impossible now.A. will expect to do B. is expected doingC. has expected doing D. was expected to do14. —Many students did well in this exam. I wonder ________.—Through their own efforts.A. why did they get a success B. what they learned from itC. whether they tried their best D. how they made it finally15. —I think that saving the earth begins with little things.—________. All those little things will add up to be great.A. You’re right B. You’re welcomeC. I’m not sure about that D. I’m afraid I can’t agree
1. 【答案】C
2.【答案】D3. 【答案】A
4. 【答案】C5. 【答案】B6. 【答案】D
7. 【答案】A8. 【答案】B9. 【答案】B
10【答案】C11. 【答案】C12. 【答案】B
13.【答案】D14. 【答案】D15. 【答案】A
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