Unit 8 Have you read Treasure Island yet?单元讲义学案（含解析）2023-2024学年人教版英语八年级下册

Unit8 Have you read Treasure Island yet
一、重要知识点讲解 .?
1 Oliver Twist is about a boy who goes out to sea and finds an island full of treasures. 雾都孤儿是关于一个出海并找到一个充满珍宝的海岛的男孩（的故事）。
1）该例中包含了一个定语从句，boy为先行词，who为关系代词，在定语从句中充当句子的主语。
2）go out to sea 意为“出海”。
I have gone out to sea before. 我以前出过海了。
3）full of的用法
full of 充满be full of = be filled with 充满
①作后置定语。
This is a bottle full of water. 这是一个装满水的瓶子。
②作表语。
主语 + be + full of sth./sb. 意为“主语充满/装满···”
The bottle is full of water. 瓶子装满了水。
2 What’s it like 它怎么样？
某物怎么样？ What’s +物+like How+be + 物？
某人怎么样？What’s +人+like 用来提问人的性格
What do / does +人 + look like 用来提问人的外表
3 ---Have you read Little Woman yet ---Yes , I have./No , I haven’t . 你看过《小妇人》那本书吗？是的，我看过。/不，我没有看过。
yet为already的变形， 用于否定句、疑问句中。在否定句中意为“尚未”，在疑问句中意为“已经”。already只能用于肯定句中。
I have already read this book .我已经度过这本书了。
4 Steve, have you decided yet which book to write about for English class 史蒂夫，你已经决定了英语课上写有关哪本书的东西了吗？
疑问词+to do 在例句中做了动词decided的宾语。
I have already finished reading it. 我已经完成阅读它了（我已经读完它了）。
5 ---What’s it about 它是关于什么的？---It’s about four sisters growing up. 它是关于四个姐妹成长的（故事）。
1）该例句中four sisters作了介词about的宾语，动词ing形式作了宾语补足语。
2）句中现在分词短语growing up作后置定语，修饰前面的名词sisters。
grow up 动词短语，意为“长大，长大成人，（人）成熟”。（grow的过去式为grew, 过去分词为grown）
I grew up in New York. 我在纽约长大。
6 It was really good, so I couldn’t put it down. 它（故事）太棒了，因此我没办法放下它（书）来。
put sth. down与put down sth. 意为“把···放下”。（代词只能放中间，名词则都可以）
Put down your guns. = Put your guns down. 把你的枪放下。
7 Which book did you choose 你选择了哪本书？
choose vt. 选择。
1）choose sb./sth. 选择···。（过去式为chose，过去分词为chosen）
John wants to choose his own life. 约翰想要选择他自己的生活。
2）choose to do (sth.) 选择去做···。
I chose to go to the movie instead.然而我选择去看电影。
8 The book report is due in two weeks. 读书报告两周后就要到期了。
in two weeks “两周之后”，in意为“在.....以后”，
“in+一段时间”用在一般将来时的句子中，意为“在......（时间）后”。
He will be back in a week. 一周之后，他将回来。
9 When I first arrived on this island, I had nothing.当我第一次到这个岛上的时候，我一无所有。
1）arrive v. 到达。常见搭配：arrive in/at +地点名词。
arrive on the island 意为“到达岛上”。
2）nothing 没有什么；没有东西
用法：①不定代词，意为“什么也没有，没有东西”。相当于not…anything.
There is nothing in the fridge.冰箱里什么都没有。
②当有修饰词来修饰nothing等不定代词时，要放在不定代词后面。修饰词可以是形容词、动词不定式等。
I have nothing special to tell you.我没有什么特殊的事情要告诉你。
10 I’ve brought back many things I can use — food and drink, tools, knives and guns. 我带回了许多我可以用到的东西——食物，饮料，工具，刀，和枪。
1）破折号是对things的解释说明。
2）该例句中出现了一个定语从句。先行词为things，关系代词that被省略了，关系代词在定语从句中做了use的宾语。
3）bring v. 带来，带回。（过去式与过去分词均为为brought）
bring sth./sb. back 与 bring back sth./sb. 意为“将···带回来”（代词只能放中间，名词则都可以）
11 I’m even learning to grow fruit and vegetables. 我甚至在学习种植水果和蔬菜了。
1）learn to do sth 意为“学习做某事”
He’s learning to drive a car. 他正在学习开车。
2）grow此处用作及物动词，意为“种植”。
Last month I grew some flowets,and they grew fast. Several days later they grew up, and they grew beautiful.上个月我种了一些花，它们长得很快。几天后它们长大了，它们变得很美丽。
12 Who else is on my island 还有谁在我的岛上？
else 副词，意为“其他，另外”, 放在who、what等疑问词之后。
Who else was at the party 聚会上还有谁？
But what else can we do 但是我们还能做什么
13 I saw some cannibals trying to kill two men from a broken ship.我看见一些食人族正试图杀死来自一艘破船上的两个人。
see sb. doing sth 看见某人正在做某事 see sb. do sth 看见某人做了某事
14 How long have they been here 他们在这多久了？
辨析：have been in/have gone to/have been to
①have/has gone to“到某地去”，说话时该人不在现场，
---Where is Jim 吉姆在哪里？---He has gone to England.他去英国了。（尚未回来）
②have/has been to“曾经去过某地”，现在已不在那里了，后可接次数，如once，twice，three times等，表示“去过某地几次”，也可和 just，never，ever等连用。
My father has been to Beijing twice．我父亲去过北京两次。
③have been in表示“在某地呆了多少时间”，常与时间段状语连用。
I have been in Shanghai for three years．我到上海已有三年了
15 Not long after that, I saw some cannibals trying to kill two men from a broken ship. 在那之后不久，我看到了一些食人族正在试图杀死来自一艘破船的两个男人。
not long after that 意为“在那之后不久”，常做时间状语。用法：置于句首且逗号隔开。
She finished her homework at 3 p.m. Not long after that, she went out to buy some food.她下午三点完成了她的作业，不久以后，她就去购物买了一些食物。
16 One of them died but the other ran towards my house. 他们中的一个人死了，另一个朝我的房子这边跑过来了。
other泛指其他的人、物 作形容词或代词，其后接名词的复数形式
the other指两个人或物中的一个 通常用于固定短语one... The other ...中
others泛指另外几个，其余的，是other的复数形式，在句中作主语、宾语
the others 其他东西；其余的人们，特指某一范围的“其他的人或物”
another其他的；再一个；另一个，只能用于三个或更多的人或物
17 I named him Friday because that was the day I met him.我给他取名“星期五”因为星期五是我遇见他的那一天。
1）该例句中包含一个定语从句，day为先行词，关系代副词when被省略了，其在定语从句中做了从句的时间状语。
2）name作及物动词，意为“给…取名；…命名”
name sb. sth.意为“给某人取名为…”。
They name their child John.他们给孩子取名叫约翰。
name作名词，意为“名字”。
What’s your name 你叫什么名字？
named为过去分词，做后置定语，意为“被命名为…”。
The boy named Mike is my friend.那个叫迈克的男孩是我的朋友。
name sb./sth. after sb.意为“以…命名”。
The child was named after his father. 那个孩子是按他父亲的名字取的名。
18 Would you like something to drink 你想喝点东西吗？
would like“想要、愿意”，=want意思接近，比want语气委婉、客气。后接名词、代词宾格或动词不定式。其中would是情态动词，常可缩写为’d
Lucy would like some eggs.露茜想要一些鸡蛋。
would like的固定句型
①Would you like some … 你想要一些……吗？ 该句型常用于征求对方的意见。肯定回答常用“Yes, please.”，否定回答常用“No, thanks.”需要特别注意的是，在该句型中要用some，而不用any，以表示说话人希望得到肯定回答。
②Would you like to do sth 你愿意去做…吗？ 该句型表示向对方有礼貌地提出建议或发出邀请，其中like可用love替换。
③Would like to do sth. 想要做某事；
Would like sb. to do sth. 想要某人去做某事。
19 I have just drunk some tea. 我刚刚喝了一些茶。
just adv. 刚刚。（常做时间状语，可用于现在完成时）
置于助动词/be动词/情态动词之后，实意动词之前。
I just did my homework.我刚刚做我的作业。
20 I heard you lost your key. 我听说你丢了你的钥匙。
hear + 语从句。意为“听说···”
John heard that you have already finished reading that book. 约翰听说你已经完成阅读那本书了。
21 Every time she is in the library, Sally looks at the many books she hasn’t read yet and she can’t wait to read them!每次她在图书馆里，萨利看到那些她没读过的书的时候她总是迫不及待地想要去读它们。
1）主语+ can’t wait to do (sth.) 意为“主语迫不及待的（想要）做某事”。
She can’t wait to open the box. 她迫不及待的想要打开这个盒子。
2）look at 为固定短语，意为“看”。 look 为不及物动词，其后接宾语是，必须要与at连用。
Look at the blackboard,please.请看黑板。
22 When Sarah was a teenager, she used to fight over almost everything with her family.当萨拉还是一个青少年的时候，她过去常常和她的家人为了几乎所有的事情争吵。
1）主语 + used to do (sth.)主语过去常常做某事。
主语 + be used to doing (sth.)主语习惯于做某事。
主语 + be used to do (sth.)主语被用来做某事。
2）fight over sth. 意为“（因）为···争吵”
fight for + 抽象名词（事业、自由、权利） 等 “为...而斗争”
23 But five years ago, while she was studying abroad in England, she heard a song full of feelings about returning home on the radio.但是五年前当她正在英国留学时，她在收音机上听到了一首充满着思乡之情的歌曲。
1）on the radio 介词短语，意为“在收音机里，通过无线广播”。常做表语或后置定语。
The news on the radio makes me feel sad.广播中播放的新闻让我伤心。
2）feeling n. 感觉，情绪，预感。（可数）
I have a bad feeling. 我有一种不好的感觉/预感。
n. 感情。（只用复数形式）
She hurt my feelings. 她伤害我的感情了。
3）return vi. 返回
She went out in a hurry. Not long after that, she returned. 她急匆匆的出门了。在那之后不久，她返回了。
return to sp. 返回某地。（注意home等特殊情况）
I decided to return to New York. 我决定返回纽约。
24 It made Sarah think about her family and friends back in the US. 它使莎拉想起了她在美国老家的家人和朋友们。
think about考虑，想起
辨析：think about, think of与think over
①think about意为 “考虑，想起”。
②think of意为 “考虑，记起，想起”。作 “考虑” 解时，可与think about互换，作 “记起，想起” 解时，可与come up with互换。
③think over意为 “仔细考虑”。
25 She came to realize how much she actually missed all of them. 她开始意识到她实际上有多么思念他们所有人。（建议积累）
come to realize + 宾语从句。意为“开始意识到...开始认识到...
John came to realize how much he loved his mom. 约翰开始意识到他有多么的爱他的妈妈。
26 Ever since then, she has been a fan of American country music. 从那以后，她成了一名美国乡村音乐的爱好者。
ever since then 意为“自那以后”置于句首且逗号隔开,ever since 作连词时=since, ever起强调作用 ,主句常用现在完成时
Ever since then, I haven’t seen him. 自那以后，我再也没有见到过他。
27 However, country music brings us back to the “good old days” when people were kind to each other and trusted one another.然而，乡村音乐把我们带回人们彼此友好、彼此信任的“美好旧时代”。
1）be kind to sb. = be friendly to sb. 对某人很友好。
She is very kind/friendly to us. 她对我们很友好。
2）each other与one another均可表示“彼此”。在实际运用中，这两个短语常可互换。
28 She has already read a lot about the place and done some research on it. 她已经阅读了大量的关于那个地方的资料并且在它上面做了一些研究。
research n. 调查，探索。（不可数）
do research (on sth./sth.) 在...方面做研究，对...作研究。
She did some research on me. 她做了一些关于我的研究。
29 I hope to see him sing live one day! 我希望将来有一天看他现场演唱。
1）live adv. 在现场直播，在现场表演。
sing live 意为“现场演唱” play live 意为“现场演奏”。
John is good at playing the drums. He is going to play live in our school tonight. 约翰擅长打架子鼓。他今晚打算在我们学校现场演出。
2）hope与wish
hope hope to do sth希望做某事 We hope to see you again. 我们希望再次见到你。
hope+that从句，表示可以实现或能达到的“希望” We hope that we can see you again. 我们希望能再次见到你。
wish wish to do sth希望做某事 I wish to place an order right now. 我想马上下订单。
wish sb to do sth希望某人做某事 I wish him to make progress. 我希望他取得进步。
wish+that从句，表示某种强烈而又难以实现的“愿望” I wish that I could fly like a bird! 希望我能像鸟儿一样飞翔！
表示良好的“祝愿”，后接“宾语+宾补(形容词或名词)” I wish you happy.祝你幸福。
30 The number of records he has sold: more than 120 million他已售出唱片的数量：超过1.2亿张
辨析：the number of与a number of
the number of …的数量 其后接复数可数名词 中心词是number,指的是of后面的名词的数量 作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式
a number of “许多”，相当于many 中心词是这个短语所修饰的复数名词；number前可用large，small等修饰，以表示程度 作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式
31 The Toms must be popular.汤姆乐队一定很受欢迎。
must be表示肯定推测，意为“一定是；必定是”。
The light is on. Mary must be at home.灯亮着。玛丽一定在家里。
32 Many songs these days are just about modern life in the US, such as the importance of money and
success, but not about belonging to a group. 现在许多歌曲只是关于美国现代生活的，比如金钱和成功的重要性，而不是有关归属感的。
such as此处表示举例，意为“例如，诸如此类的”。
I have a lot of hobbies, such as reading and singing. 我有很多爱好，例如阅读和唱歌。
33 Where is she from 她来自哪里？
be from =come from 来自
She is from France=She comes from France.
be from 构成否定句时，在be 后加not;构成疑问句时，将be 提前。
come from 构成否定句或疑问句时，要借助助动词do或does.
34 At the end of the day, the bus brought us back to our school.傍晚的时候，公共汽车带我们回到了我们的学校。
at the end of 在...的结尾;起反义词短语为at the beginning of 在…开始（既可用来表示时间， 也可以用来表示地点）
at the end of the speech 在演讲结束时 at the end of the road 在路的尽头
二、单元语法
现在完成时（1）
1）现在完成时的构成
现在完成时是由“助动词 have(has)+动词的过去分词”构成。助动词说明该谓语是属于现在时范围。它和主语的人称、数要保持一致。过去分词是主要的谓语动词，说明句子的意义。
He has already finished his homework. 他已经做完作业了。
2）句型结构：
①肯定句：主语+have/has+过去分词+其他。
I have found my pen.我找到我的钢笔了。
②否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他。
I haven’t found my pen.我还没有找到我的钢笔。
③一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他？
肯定回答：Yes, 主语+have/has./否定回答：No, 主语+haven’t/hasn’t.
---Have you found your pen 你找到你的钢笔了吗？---Yes, I have.是的，我已经找到了。No, I haven’t.不，我还没有找到。
3）动词过去分词的变化规则：一般动词过去分词的构成与过去式的构成相同。不规则动词的过去分词须特殊记忆。
4）常用标志词语：already(已经)，never(从未)，ever(曾经)，just(刚刚)，before(以前)，so far(到目前为止)，yet(还，已经)等。
Have you ever been to Japan 你曾经去过日本吗？
I have just finished my homework. 我刚刚完成我的家庭作业。
5）现在完成时的用法
① 表过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
---Would you like some bread 你想要一些面包吗？
---No, thanks. I have had my breakfast. 不，谢谢，我已经吃过早饭了。（对现在的影响：不饿）
② 表示从过去开始一直持续到现在, 也许还会继续下去的动作或状态。
He has studied English for 6 years. 他已经学习英语六年了。
同步练习
Ⅰ.单项选择（15）
1. —Jim, there is ______________ island near here, yes
—Yes. ______________ island is not big but beautiful so you can visit it in your free time.
A. a; The B. an; The C. an; An D. a; An
【答案】B
【解析】考查冠词的运用。句意：——吉姆，这儿附近有个岛，是吗？——是的，这个岛不大，但很漂亮，所以你可以在空闲时间去游览。当某一事物首次提及时，常用不定冠词；当同一事物再次提及时，常用定冠词the。根据句意可知，第一划线处表示一个小岛，且第一次提出，需用不定冠词a或an。island以元音音素/a /开头，所以island前需用不定冠词an；答语中的island特指上文提到的岛屿，需用定冠词the表特指，应选择B。
2. Her smile made me feel warm and lively. It was like a hidden _____________________.
A. competition B. achievement C. treasure D. tradition
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的微笑使我感到温暖和活力。就像一份珍藏的财富。A. competition 竞赛；B. achievement成就；C. treasure财富，宝藏；D. tradition传统。根据句意可知，应选C。
3. Sally haven’t finished her homework. _________________ she didn’t write a word at all.
A. Suddenly B. Hardly C. Actually D. Truly
【答案】C
【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：萨莉没有完成她的家庭作业。确切地说她一个字都没有写。Suddenly突然；Hardly几乎不；Actually实际上，确实，事实上；Truly真正地。根据句意可知，应选择C。
4. —What do you think of the speech given by Chairman Xi Jinping in the UN
—It’s very exciting. His speech _________________ getting foreign friends’ appreciations(欣赏).
A. succeeded in B. looked down C. gave up D. came about
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：——你觉得习近平主席在联合国的演讲怎么样？——非常的令人激动。他的演讲成功地得到了国外友人的欣赏。succeed in成功；look down俯视；give up放弃；come about发生。由习近平的演讲很令人振奋可知，他的演讲成功地得到了外国友人的赏识。故答案为A。
5. Mom, I am going to ___________________ my best friend to you this afternoon.
A. achieve B. protect C. introduce D. compare
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：妈妈，今天下午我将把我的最好的朋友介绍给你。A. achieve取得；实现；B. protect保护；C. introduce介绍；D. compare比较。短语introduce sb. to sb.意为：把某人介绍给某人。应选择C。
6. Those days ______________ important and exciting events. People’s hearts ______________ hopes.
A. filled; full of B. were filled with; were full of
C. were full of; filled with D. were filled of; were full of
【答案】B
【解析】考查同义短语的运用。句意：这些日子充满了重要而令人兴奋的事件，人们的心里充满了希望。短语be filled with =be full of意为：充满……，故选B。
7. —The Amazing Spider-Man 2 is on these days. It’s fantastic.
—Really？But I ____________________ it yet.
A. didn’t see B. won’t see C. haven’t seen D. am not seeing
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词时态的运用。结合句意及句末标志词yet可知，“我”还没有看过那部电影，需用现在完成时，应选择C。
8. ―Tomorrow is Sunday, shall we go to the World Park
―Oh, no, I don’t want to go there again. I ___________________ it twice.
A. have visited B. visited C. will visit D. Visit
【答案】A
【详解】考查现在完成时的运用。句意：——明天是星期天，我们去世界公园好吗？——哦，不。我不想去那里。我已经参观过两次了。根据语境可知，过去动作visit对现在造成的影响，即：不想去那儿，需用现在完成时。故选A。
9. —How happy the grandparents are!
—Yes, they___________________ for fifty years.
A. have been married B. have married C. have got married D. married
【答案】A
【解析】考查短暂动词与延续动词的转化。句意：——你的祖父母多幸福啊！——是的，他们结婚50 年了。根据for fifty years可知，需用现在完成时，排除D；动词marry及动词短语get married为短暂动词，不能与时间段连用，排除B与C。be married为延续性动词，可与时间段连用，故选A。
10. —I think drinking milk is a good way _________________.
—Yes, I totally agree with you.
A. keep health B. to keep health C. to keep healthy D. keep healthy
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词的运用及keep短语。句意：我认为喝牛奶是一个保持健康的好方式。a good way to do sth意为：做事的最好方式，不定式作后置定语。keep healthy意为：保持健康， keep接形容词，表状态。故应选择C。
11. The French book must be Li Ying’s. She’s the only one who’s studying French.
A. belong to Li Ying’s B. belong to Li Ying C. belong Li Ying’s D. belong Li Ying
【答案】B
【解析】考查近义短语的表达。句意：那本法语书一定是李英的。她是唯一一个学法语的人。belong to sb意为：属于某人，后接名词或人称代词宾格，相当于be sb’s，意为：是某人的。故选择B。
12. —Have you seen the movie Monster Hunt _________________？
—Yes, I've _________________seen it. It's wonderful.
A. already; yet B. yet; yet C. yet; already D. already; already
【答案】C
【解析】考查现在完成时的标志词的运用。句意：——你看过《捉妖记》这部电影吗？——是的，我已经看过了，太精彩了。already及yet常用于现在完成时；already用于肯定句，常放在句中；yet用于否定句或疑问句尾。应选择C。
13. In our school library there _________________a number of books on science, and in these years the number of them _________________growing larger and larger.
A. are; is B. is; are C. has; is D. is; has
【答案】A
【解析】考查相似短语辨析。句意：在我们学校图书馆有许多关于科学的书，这些年它们的数量变得越来越大。短语the number of+名词复数，意为：……的数量，作主语时，谓语动词需用单数形式。短语a number of+名词复数，意为：大量的，后接名词作主语时，谓语动词需用复数形式。故答案选A。
14. —_________________ my dictionary I can’t find it anywhere.
—I _________________ it on the shelf when I came in.
A. Did you see; have seen B. Have you seen; saw C. Do you see; saw D. Have you seen; have seen
【答案】B
【解析】考查现在完成时和一般般过去时的辨析。句意：——你看见我的词典了吗？我到处都找不到。——我进来时看见它在书架上。现在完成时表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响，强调现在情形；一般过去时表示已经结束的动作。根据语境可知，“我”现在找不到词典，因此，应是询问对方之前有见过没有，需用现在完成时。答语时间状语为when I came in，因此答语需用一般过去时。故应选B。
15. —______________, or we’ll be late for the meeting.
—It’s only half past one by my watch. We have enough time left.
A. Hurry up B. Don’t worry C. Never mind D. Be quiet
【答案】A
【解析】考查交际用语。句意：——赶快，否则开会就要迟到了。——我的手表才一点半。我们有足够的剩余时间。Hurry up 赶快；Don’t worry 别担忧； Never mind不要紧；Be quiet安静。根据句意可知，应选择A。
Ⅱ.完形填空（10）
It was the last evening of the old year. In the cold and darkness, there went (16) ___________ the street a poor little girl, with bare feet.
She carried a small bundle(包) of matches in her hand, and a lot (17)___________ in her broken apron (围裙). Trembing (发抖) with cold and hunger, the girl walked on and on. (18)___________ poor little child!
In a corner, she sat down, but she could not warm herself. She was (19) ___________ to go home. She had earned(赚)not a coin, and perhaps her father would beat her, and her home was almost as cold as the street. Her hands were nearly dead with cold. She struck (擦) one match, and held her hands over the flame(火焰). She wanted to warm her small hands. It was quite a magic light. She found herself (20) ___________ before a large iron-stove(炉子). As the child wanted to warm her feet, the flame died down, and the stove disappeared.
A second match was lighted. She saw a table (21) ___________ delicious food. The roast goose stood at one end and came to her.
She struck (22) ___________ match. This time, her gentle and loving grandmother came up. “Grandma!” (23)___________ the child, “Oh, take me with you! I know that you will leave me (24) ___________ the match goes out.” And she lighted all the matches hurriedly to stop her old grandmother disappearing. Her kind, old and beautiful grandmother took the little girl in her arms, and they both flew high together, until they were in that place where neither cold, nor hunger, nor (25) ___________ is ever known.
The next morning, the little girl was found dead in the corner, with a smile on her face.
【文章大意】本文讲述一个贫穷的卖火柴的小女孩在街道上忍受着饥饿和寒冷的痛苦。小女孩因为没有赚到钱不敢回家，怕爸爸打她。她蜷缩在墙角处，饥寒交迫，她试图点着火柴取暖。当她点着火柴时出现了幻觉，有美食、火炉和奶奶。最后她点着了所有的火柴，在火光中她跟着奶奶向高处飞去，飞到一个既没有饥饿也没有寒冷和疼痛的地方。
16. A. away B. along C. off D. out
【答案】B
【解析】句意：在寒冷和黑暗中，一个赤脚的可怜的小女孩沿街走着。A. away 远离；B. along沿着；C. off 离开；D. out外面。根据语境可知，在寒冷和黑暗中一个小女孩"沿着"街道走，故选B。
17. A. many B. much C. most D. more
【答案】D
【解析】句意：她手里拿着一小捆火柴，更多的放在破围裙里。A. many很多； B. much很多；C. most最多；D. more更多。根据空格前的a lot可知，这里修饰比较级，故选D。
18. A. What a B. What C. How a D. How
【答案】A
【解析】句意：女孩因饥寒交迫而抽搐，不停地走着。多可怜的孩子啊！根据题干可知，这是一个感叹句，结合句中的child是单数形式，可知感叹句结构：what a/an+形容词+名词单数！故选A。
19. A. happy B. willing C. afraid D. ready
【答案】C
【解析】句意：她害怕回家。考查形容词。A. happy开心；B. willing乐意；C. afraid害怕；D. ready准备。根据后文she had earned（赚）not a coin, and perhaps her father would beat her可知，她没赚到钱，怕爸爸打她，她"害怕"回家，故选C。
20. A. sit B. sitting C. sits D. sat
【答案】B
【解析】句意：她发现自己正坐在一个大铁炉前。句型find sb. doing sth意为：发现某人正做某事，doing表示动作正在进行；结合How warm it was(多么温暖啊)可知，她发现自己正"坐在"壁炉前，这样才能感受到温暖，故选B。
21. A. made of B. next to C. full of D. close to
【答案】C
【解析】句意：她看到一张桌子上摆满了美味的食物。A. made of 由……制成；B. next to紧挨着；C. full of 满是；D. close to靠近。根据The roast goose stood at one end and came to her.(烤鹅站在一端，向她走来)可知，她看到一张桌子上摆满了美味的食物。故选C。
22. A. others B. other C. another D. the other
【答案】C
【解析】句意：她又划了一根火柴。A. others别的，复数；B. other别的，单数；C. another另一个；D. the other其他的。根据语境可知，这是第三次点着火柴了，another符合题意，故选C。
23. A. asked B. talked C. nodded D. cried
【答案】D
【解析】句意：“奶奶！”孩子哭喊道道，“哦，带我一起去！” 考查动词，A. asked问；B. talked讲话；C. nodded 点头；D. cried哭。根据语境，奶奶在火光中出现了，小女孩在此情此景中见到奶奶，应该会委屈难过到哭的，结合选项，A /B/ C都不合题意，故选D。
24. A. as soon as B. as if C. even though D. so that
【答案】A
【解析】句意：“噢，带我去吧！我知道火柴一灭束你就会离开我。” 考查连词。A. as soon as 一…就…；B. as if好似；C. even though 即使；D. so that以至于。根据语境，看见奶奶是女孩的幻觉，所以火一灭奶奶就会消失，故选A。
25. A. hope B. pain C. feeling D. anger
【答案】B
【解析】句意：她那善良、美丽的老奶奶把小女孩抱在怀里，两人一起飞得很高，直到他们到了一个既不冷，也不饿，也不痛的地方。考查名词。A. hope希望； B. pain疼痛； C. feeling感觉；D. anger愤怒。根据they both flew high together，until they were in that place where neither cold，nor hunger她们一起向高处飞去，直到既没有寒冷、也没有饥饿的地方，可知cold、hunger和选项中的pain是一类词，故选B。
Ⅲ.阅读理解（10）
There are some interesting facts about the Nile.
● The Nile is nearly 6, 671 kilometers long. It is believed to be the longest river in the world.
● The Nile is a north-flowing river in Africa. It lies in the following countries: Kenya, Eritrea, Congo, Burundi, Uganda, Tanzania, Rwanda, Egypt, Sudan, Republic of South Sudan and Ethiopia.
● The Nile is important to Ancient Egypt. There are lots of Ancient Egypt’s places of interest along the banks of the Nile, such as Luxor and Cairo.
● The Nile delta (三角洲) in the north of Egypt is where the Nile flows into the Mediterranean Sea. It is around 160 kilometers long and about over 240 kilometers of coastline (海岸线). It is rich in agriculture and has been farmed for thousands of years. Half of Egypt’s population—around 40, 000,000 people live in the Nile Delta area.
● In 1787, the famous Rosetta stone was found in the Nile Delta in the city of Rosetta. It played a key role in understanding Egyptian hieroglyphics (象形文字).
● The Aswan High Dam (阿斯旺大坝) was built in 1970 to help control the flooding of the Nile.
【文章大意】本文为一篇说明文，主要介绍了世界上最长的河流尼罗河的自然地理和人文概况。尼罗河长6, 671千米，从南向北流经9个国家，注入地中海。尼罗河对于埃及很重要，一半的埃及人口居住在尼罗河三角洲。1970年建成的阿斯旺大坝有助于控制尼罗河洪水。
26. How many countries does the Nile flow through
A. 9 B. 10 C. 11 D. 12
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题 根据第二段It lies in the following countries: Kenya, Eritrea, Congo, Burundi, Uganda, Tanzania, Rwanda, Egypt, Sudan, Republic of South Sudan and Ethiopia.可知，尼罗河流经9个国家。故选C。
27. The Nile River flows into the Mediterranean Sea in ________________________.
A. the Nile delta B. Luxor
C. Sudan D. Uganda
【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题 根据第四段The Nile delta in the north of Egypt is where the Nile flows into the Mediterranean Sea. 尼罗河在位于埃及北部的尼罗河三角洲流入地中海，可知选A。
28. What’s the population of Egypt according to the passage
A. About 20,000,000. B. About 40,000,000.
C. About 60,000,000 D. About 80,000,000.
【答案】D
【解析】数据计算题。根据Half of Egypt’s population—around 40, 000,000 people live in the Nile Delta area可知，居住在尼罗河三角洲的人口占埃及人口的一半，所以埃及的总人口是40, 000,000的两倍，即80,000,000。故选D。
29. Which of the following is TRUE
A. The Nile is the widest river in the world.
B. The Nile Delta is in the south of Egypt.
C. The Rosetta stone is important to the hieroglyphics.
D. The Aswan High Dam can stop the flooding of the Nile.
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据It played a key role in understanding Egyptian hieroglyphics.可知，the famous Rosetta stone在理解埃及象形文字方面起重要作用。故选C。
30. Where can we find this passage probably
A. In a newspaper. B. In a novel.
C. In a storybook. D. In a science magazine.
【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。分析短文内容可知，本文是一篇介绍尼罗河流域概况自然科学文章，所以它可能来自一本科学杂志。故选D。