Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mountains. 单元讲义+练习（含解析）2023-2024学年人教版英语八年级下册

Unit6 An old man tried to move the mountains.
一、重要知识点讲解 .?
1 An old man tried to move the mountains.一位老人努力的移山
1）try to do sth努力做某事，试图做某事
They are trying to study English well. 他们正努力学好英语。
2）try doing sth试着做某事（看看某种方法是否能成功）例如：I am trying doing it in this way. 我正试着用这种方法做。
3）try / do one’s best to do sth. 尽某人的全力做某事
We should try / do our best to help the people in trouble. 我们应当尽最大努力帮助处于困境中的人
4）have a try 试一试
Let me have a try. 让我试一试。
2 It doesn’t seem very possible to move a mountain.去移动一座山似乎不可能。
seem possible似乎可能，seem的基本意思是“似乎；好像；仿佛；看来”等，可作不及物动词或连系动词。seem用法现归纳如下：
1）seem可与形容词、名词、不定式 (短语)、分词及介词短语搭配。
①seem + 形容词
She seems quite happy today. 今天她似乎很高兴。
②seem + 名词
That seems a good idea. 那似乎是个好主意。
③seem + 不定式(短语)
He seemed to have known the truth. 他似乎早已知道事情的真相。
④seem + 分词
He seemed pleased at what I said. 听了我的话，他似乎很高兴。
⑤seem + 介词短语
They seemed in high spirits. 他们似乎情绪高涨。
⑥seem + like + n./ that，意思是"看起来像……"
It seems like years since I last saw you.自从我上次见到你以后，好像是过了好几年。
2）seem常用于it作形式主语的结构，即It seems / seemed that..., 表示“看来……，似乎……”。
It seems that nobody knew what had happened. 似乎没人知道发生了什么事。
3）seem常用在“It seems / seemed to sb. (that)...”结构中，意为“在某人看来好像、仿佛……”:
It seems to me that we have been neglecting our duty. 我感觉我们对职责有所疏忽。
3 You have different opinions about the story, and neither of you are wrong.你们有不用的观点，你就都没错。
1）neither用作形容词，表示“(两者)都不”，置于单数名词之前。
Neither article is made in Beijing. 这两种物品都不是北京制造的。
2）neither用作代词，表示“两者都不，双方均不”。
He answered neither of the letters. 他两封信都没回。
此时，与neither用法较为接近的词是none，但none的含义略有不同，none.表示“(三者以上)所有的…都不”。
None of us are perfect. 人无完人。
3）neither用作连词，常用短语为neither...nor...，表示“既不……也不…”
Neither he nor I am well educated. 他和我都没受过良好教育。
①neither和nor后面接同一词性的单词或短语。
②neither...nor...结构用作主语时，谓语动词必须与nor后面的名词或代词在
人称及数上保持一致，即所谓的就近原则。
③在表示“既…也…”，即“两者都…”时，常用短语both...and...；
表示“或者…或者…”(即二者选一)时，常用短语either...or...。
4) neither用作副词，作“也不”解释，放在句首，表示前面否定的内容也适用于另一个人或物，句子须采用部分倒装。此时也可用nor替换neither使用。
注意：neither之后的主语要置于助动词或系动词之后。
4 You have no more stones.你没有石头了。 .?
no more stones 不再有石头，no longer相当于 no more, 但是他们是有区别
no longer与no more的意义区别：
1）no longer中的longer是副词long的比较级，long有after a certain point of time(在某一时刻以后)之意，着重表示时间的不再延续，意为“如今不再”。no longer等于not... any longer。
2）no more中的more是many / much的比较级，more有again之意，着重表示数量或程度的减少，意为“再也没有更多(大)的数量(程度)”。no more等于not... any more。
3）时态区别：
①no longer / not... any longer表示不再继续或再现过去某一时刻发生或存在而一直延续的动作 / 状态时，常用于过去时、现在时或将来时的句子中。
He was no longer a thief. 他不再是小偷了。
②no more / not... any more表示再也不重复过去反复发生的动作时，常用于过去时或将来时的句子中。
Now she wasn't afraid any more. 现在她再也不害怕了。
4）位置区别：
当修饰动词时，no longer通常置于be或行为动词前；no more一般置于行为动词后。not... any longer与not... any more常置于句末。
Time or opportunity lost will return no more. 机不可失，时不再来。
5 Hansel made a plan to save himself and his sister.韩赛尔制定了一个计划去救他自己和妹妹。
make a plan 制定计划 plan to do 计划做某事 plan on doing计划做某事
6 It’s leading us to that wonderful house made of bread, cake and sugar.它引导我们去那个神奇的由面包，蛋糕和糖果做的房子。
1）lead sb. to do sth. 引导某人做某事，
What led him to be angry with us 什么事导致他 和我们生气
2）be made of bread 由面包制成，
be made of 用…制成的。指从成品上能看出原料，制成物没有改变原料的本质。
be made from用…制造的。指从制成特看不出原料，制成物已改变了原料的本质
be made into制成为…
The material will be made into a dress.这块料子是要做成连衣裙的。
二、单元语法
状语从句
状语从句在复合句中修饰主句中的谓语动词、形容词或副词。状语从句一般由从属连词引导。从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开,位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。状语从句分类如下:
类型 引导连词
时间状语从句 when,before,after,as,while,as soon as,since,not...until...,whenever等
原因状语从句 because,as,since等
条件状语从句 if,unless等
比较状语从句 as/so...as...,than等
结果状语从句 so...that...等
目的状语从句 in order that,so that等
让步状语从句 although,even though等
1）unless引导的条件状语从句
unless意为“如果不;除非”,相当于if...not
We’ll go to the town unless it rains tomorrow.=We’ll go to the town if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.假如明天不下雨,我们就去城里。
注意:unless和if引导条件状语从句时,从句用一般现在时表示将来,而主句则用一般将来时,即遵循“主将从现”原则。
2）as soon as引导的时间状语从句。
as soon as意为“一…就…”,表示从句和主句的动作先后发生,间隔短暂。
The students became quiet as soon as the teacher came in.老师一进来,学生们就安静下来了。
注意:在条件状语从句和时间状语从句中,也可遵循“主将从现”原则。
I’ll call to you as soon as I get there.我一到那里就给你打电话。
3）so...that...引导的结果状语从句。
so...that...意为“如此…以至于…”,其中so后接形容词或副词,也可用few,little,many,much等来修饰名词表示程度,that后的从句表示结果。
He was so happy that he forgot the time.他太高兴了,以至于忘了时间。
同步练习
Ⅰ.单项选择（15）
1. Once there was _______________ emperor and _______________ emperor liked beautiful clothes very much.
A. the; a B. an; an C. an; the D. a; the
【答案】C
【解析】考查冠词表首次提及及再次提及的用法。句意：从前有一位皇帝，这位皇帝非常喜欢漂亮的衣服。当一事物首次出现时，需用不定冠词a或an；当同一事物再次出现时，需用定冠词the表特指。emperor以元音/e/开头，需用不定冠词an。故答案为C。
2. —I'm afraid I might forget to buy the bread after work.
—Don’t worry. I will _______________ you then.
A. return B. realize C. remind D. repair
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：——我恐怕也许会忘记下班后买面包。——别担心。我将到时提醒你。考查动词辨析。Return归还；realize 意识到；remind提醒；repair修理。根据句意可知，应是提醒你买面包，故选C。
3. —Li Mei's _______________ is very beautiful.
—Yes. Her songs _______________ very beautiful.
A. noise; voice B. voice; sound C. sound; noise D. shout; sound
【答案】B
【解析】考查名词辨析及词性辨析。句意：——李梅的嗓音很优美。——是的，她的歌声听起来很好听。noise名词，噪音；voice名词，声音，通常指人的声音；shout动词，大声喊；sound名词，声音，指任何声音；也可用作动词，听起来。故选B
4.—Jack, you look worried. What happened
—I _______________ forgot Mr. John’s project and I’m afraid he’ll be very angry.
A. successfully B. completely C. smoothly D. peacefully
【答案】B
【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：——杰克，你看起来很担忧，发生了什么事情。——我完全忘记了John先生的项目，恐怕他会非常的生气。A. successfully成功地；B. completely完全地；C. smoothly顺畅地，平稳地；D. peacefully和平地。结合句意，故选B。
5. As soon as she_______________ her homework, she will go to the beach with you.
A. will finish to do B. will finish doing C. finishes to do D. finishes doing
【答案】D
【解析】考查主将从现的运用及动名词作宾语的用法。as soon as意为：一……就……，引导的时间状语从句句子遵循”主将从现”的原则；finish意为：结束，后接doing作宾语，意为：做完某事，选D。
6. —What can Monkey King do
—He can _______________ himself _______________different kinds of animals.
A. turn; on B. turn; down C. turn; into D. turn; up
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：——猴王能做什么？——他能把自己变成不同种类的动物。turn on打开；turn down把声音关小；拒绝；turn into把……变成……；turn up出现；把声音开大。根据句意可知，应选择C。
7. My brother is not _______________ to lift the heavy stone.
A. too weak B. weak too C. strong enough D. enough strong
【答案】C
【解析】考查固定句式结构及句义理解。句意：我弟弟不够强壮，搬不起那块重石头。too...to...太……不能……；enough修饰形容词或副词，要放于所修饰的形容词或副词的后面，（not）+adj/adv+enough to do… 意为：（不）够…去做某事。根据句意可知，答案为C。
8. —The Wandering Earth tells us a story about how people try to save the earth.
—Yes. In the film humans choose to stay with the earth _______________ running away from it.
A. because of B. together with C. such as D. instead of
【答案】D
【解析】考查短语词义辨析。句意：——《流浪地球》告诉我们一个关于人们如何努力拯救地球的故事。——是的，在电影中，人类选择与地球在一起而不是逃离它。because of因为; together with和……一起; such as例如；instead of代替，而不是。根据句意可知，instead of符合题意，即：人们选择和地球在一起，而不是远离它。故选D
9. —Did you watch the football match on TV last night
—I wanted to, but my mother _______________her favorite TV program.
A. watches B. watched C. was watching D. had watched
【答案】C
【解析】考查过去进行时的运用。句意：——昨晚你在电视上看足球比赛了吗？——我想看，但我的母亲在看她最喜欢的电视节目。根据语境可知，昨天晚上播放足球赛的时候，我的妈妈在看电视节目，需用过去进行时态。故选C。
10. Superman kept _______________ against bad people and he _______________ our hearts.
A. fight; won B. fighting; won C. fought; won D. fight; winning
【答案】B
【解析】考查非谓语动词及动词辨析。句意：超人不断地与坏人作战，他赢得了我们的心。keep doing sth.意为：坚持做某事，故第一个空应填fighting；并列连词and连接的动词形式一致，需用过去式，故第二空应填won。选B。
11. —When did your parents ____________
—They ____________ for 20 years.
A. marry; got married B. marry; have got married
C. get married; have got married D. get married; have been married
【答案】D
【解析】考查固定词组和时态的运用。句意：——你的父母是什么时候结婚的？——他们结婚有20多年了。第一空指结婚，需用固定词组get married，意为：结婚，排除A和B；根据for 20 years可知，需用现在完成时，且需用延续的be married来表示。have been married for+一段时间意为：结婚多长时间了排除C，选D。
12. —The environment is terrible.
—I think it will be even worse ________________ the government takes actions to protect it.
A. until B. when C. if D. unless
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——环境太糟糕了。——我认为它会变得更差，除非政府采取行动来保护环境。until直到…时候；when当…时候；if如果；unless除非，如果不。根据句意可知，如果政府不采取行动保护环境，那么它就会变得更糟。故应选D。
13. —_______________ happened _______________ him last night
—He fell down and hurt himself while playing soccer.
A. How; with B. How; to C. What; with D. What; to
【答案】D
【解析】考查固定句型。句意：——昨天晚上他怎么啦？——他摔倒了，自己受伤了。根据句型what happened to sb？(某人发生什么事了)可知，应用what和 to，选D。
14. Lots of readers are expecting the famous writer’s new book will ____________ next year.
A. run out B. work out C. help out D. come out
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：很多读者正期盼着这位著名作家的新书明年出版。run out意为：用完；work out意为：算出；help out意为：帮助；come out意为：出版，选D。
15. —Oh, no! We've missed the 9 o'clock train
—_______________ . There's another one in half an hour.
A. Don't worry. B. Hurry up. C. Give me a break. D. You're welcome.
【答案】A
【解析】考查情景交际。根据 There’s another one in half an hour可知，空处应表示“不要担心”。Don’t worry（不要担心）符合语境。故选A。
Ⅱ. 完形填空（10）
My parents always told me that I couldn't dance, because it was a girl's sport. But I never (16) ___________ my dream of becoming a dancing star. I practiced secretly, learning from books, movies, and shows.
However, without my parents’ support, that dreams seemed all but impossible to reach.
One summer, my little sister Maggie was going to dance lessons. I immediately asked my parents(17) ______________ permission(允许) that I could take her to the lessons. What a(n) (18) ______________ chance to learn dancing!
One afternoon, I was practicing a new dance in my room, when Maggie walked in. “What's the matter, Maggie " I stopped dancing. “Denis, you are a great (19) ______________! Can you help me " “What is it " I wanted to know. “There will be a dancing performance in my school, (20) ______________ the boys think I’m slow, and no one wants to be my partner. Could you dance with me for it ” she (21) _____________ me hopefully.
“You can be a good dancer!” I encouraged her. “Let’s show those people that they have been (22) __________ all along(自始至终)”.
In the following months, we practiced every evening, hiding from my parents. I was having a wonderful time and soon Maggie (23) ______________ a lot.
Finally came the big day. My parents came to watch the (24) ______________. I felt nervous at first, but as the music began, (25) ______________ focused (集中注意力) on dancing. We were successful and my parents were very proud of us.
16. A. gave back B. gave in C. gave up D. gave away
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：但我从未放弃成为舞蹈明星的梦想。gave back归还；gave in屈服；gave up放弃；gave away赠送。根据I practiced secretly可知，作者偷偷地练习，说明作者并未放弃这个梦想，故选C。
17. A. as B. for C. on D. of
【答案】B
【解析】考查常见动词短语的构成。句意：我立即请求父母允许。动词短语ask sb for sth意为：向某人要某物，故选B。
18. A. terrible B. good C. bad D. interesting
【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意：学习舞蹈的多么好的机会！terrible糟糕的；good好的；bad差的；interesting有趣的。根据my little sister Maggie was going to dance lessons(我的小妹妹麦琪要去上舞蹈课)及I could take her to the lessons(我可以带她去上课)可知，送妹妹去上舞蹈课是学习舞蹈的好机会，故选B。
19. A. listener B. singer C. actor D. dancer
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：Denis，你是一个很棒的舞者。listener听者；singer歌手；actor演员；dancer舞者。根据语境可知，妹妹认为作者是一个很棒的舞者，请求他做舞伴，故选D。
20. A. and B. or C. so D. but
【答案】D
【解析】考查连词辨析。句意：但是男孩们认为我很慢。and和；or或者；so所以；but但是。分析There will be a dancing performance in my school及the boys think I’m slow关系可知，前后句存在转折关系，故选D。
21. A. looked for B. looked into C. looked at D. looked down
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她满怀希望地看着我。looked for寻找；looked into调查；looked at看；looked down瞧不起。根据the boys think I’m slow, and no one wants to be my partner. Could you dance with me for it(他们觉得我反应迟钝，没人想做我的搭档。你能和我跳支舞吗)可知，妹妹希望作者能做她的舞伴，所以是满怀希望地看着作者，希望他答应，故选C。
22. A. sad B. lazy C. wrong D. right
【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意：让我们向那些人证明他们一直以来都是错的。sad难过的；lazy懒惰的；wrong错误的；right正确的。根据You can be a good dancer及the boys think I’m slow可知，其他男孩认为妹妹跳舞太慢，而在作者眼里妹妹是一个很棒的舞者，所以作者希望能向那些人展示他们的想法是错误的，故选C。
23. A. protected B. improved C. allowed D. described
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：很快Maggie提高了许多。protected保护；improved提高；allowed允许；described描述。根据we practised every evening可知，每天晚上练习，Maggie的舞技提高了许多，故选B。
24. A. performance B. meeting C. concert D. speech
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：我的父母来观看这场表扬。performance演出；meeting会议；concert音乐会；speech演讲。根据前文There will be a dancing performance in my school可知，这是一场演出，故选A。
25. A. truly B. quietly C. actually D. slowly
【答案】D
【解析】考查副词辨析。句意：但是随着音乐开始，慢慢地集中注意力在跳舞上。truly真实地；quietly安静地；actually实际上；slowly慢慢地。根据I felt nervous at first及focused(集中注意力) on dancing可知，刚开始很紧张，音乐一响，就慢慢地把注意力转移到跳舞上，故选D。