新北师大必修三Unit 8 Green living Lesson 1 Roots and Shoots精讲精练（含答案）

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【北师大版必修三】Unit 8 Green Living
类文赏读　话题导入
A Love of Gardening
“If you look the right way, you can see that the whole world is a garden.” These words come from the author of the book The Secret Garden, first published in 1911. At that time, only the very rich in Britain had gardens. Very soon after this, homes with gardens began to be built. This is what started the British love of gardening！Today, millions of Brits like to say that they have “green fingers”, with around half the population spending their free time gardening.
For many people in the UK, their garden is their own private world. Each spring, children plant sunflowers and wait to see which one is the tallest.Expert gardeners know just the right corner for roses, and others spend hours trying to grow perfect vegetables to enter into competitions. And while many Brits like nothing better than spending their Sunday cutting the grass, some are happy just to sit under the branches of the trees and enjoy the beauty of the world around them.
But in cities, limited space has led to people looking for new solutions. Those without outside space can rent small pieces of land on which to grow things. Today, there are over 4,000 people in London waiting for such pieces of land. One recent idea has been to turn rooftops and walls into private gardens. These gardens have helped make the cities greener and improve air quality.
As well as being good for the environment, gardening is also good for the soul. What other free-time activity allows you to be at one with nature and create more beautiful living things And if you’re in any doubt about this, take a moment to reflect on this line from The Secret Garden: “Where you tend a rose... A thistle cannot grow.”
选自《新外研必修Book1Unit6 At one with nature》
1.The Secret Garden 《秘密花园》
2.millions of 成千上万的…，无数的…
3.private adj. 私用的；私营的；个人的；秘密的；
4.competition n. 竞争；比赛；竞争者；竞争产品
5.branch n. 树枝；分支，旁系；
6.lead to 导致
7.rooftop n. 屋顶；屋顶（建筑）
8. be at one with 和…在一起
9. in any doubt about 对...有疑惑
10.line 字行；对白；诗行；
11.thistle 刺；荆棘
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1．This is what started the British love of gardening！
这就是英国人对园艺的热爱开始的原因！
[句式分析]　what引导的名词性从句做表语。
2.As well as being good for the environment, gardening is also good for the soul.
园艺不仅对环境有益，而且对灵魂也有好处。
[句式分析]　as well as “除了...之外还有...”相当于besides 。
Section Ⅰ　：　Topic Talk INCLUDEPICTURE "E:\\马珊珊\\2021\\同步\\英语 北师 选择性必修第二册\\目标一话题交流场景模拟.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "E:\\马珊珊\\2021\\同步\\英语 北师 选择性必修第二册\\目标一话题交流场景模拟.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "E:\\马珊珊\\2021\\同步\\英语 北师 选择性必修第二册\\目标一话题交流场景模拟.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET
INCLUDEPICTURE "E:\\马珊珊\\2021\\同步\\英语 北师 选择性必修第二册\\目标一话题交流场景模拟.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "E:\\马珊珊\\2021\\同步\\英语 北师 选择性必修第二册\\目标一话题交流场景模拟.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "E:\\马珊珊\\2021\\同步\\英语 北师 选择性必修第二册\\目标一话题交流场景模拟.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET Task 1:话题交流 场景模拟
两人在一起讨论自己最喜欢的居住环境。请根据提示完成对话。
W= Woman M= Man
W: I don't really like living in a flat in the city.
1.I prefer to have a garden(我更喜欢有一个花园) because I like being close to nature. Here's a photo of my garden.
M: 2.What a beautiful garden! (多么美丽的花园啊！)Actually, I live in a flat, but I can help the environment by 3.creating more green spaces.(创建更多绿色空间) For example, I plant some flowers and vegetables outside my window and I have a great view, too.
W: Indeed. 4.Having more green spaces helps the environment. (拥有更多的绿地有助于改善环境)
M: Yes, absolutely. 5.Green spaces are very important (绿色空间非常重要)in our fight against problems like global warming
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【策略指导】
英语听力测试不只是考查学生的英语听力，同时还会考查学生的临场应变能力、猜测能力、记忆能力等。平时还要多积累一些常见的话题词汇和话题句式。本单元的话题是信息技术。
常见话题词汇：
1．altitude n．海拔(高度)
2．adopt v．采取(某种方法)
3．mineral n．矿物，矿产
4．prevent v．阻挡，防止
5．species n．物种，种
6．barrier n．障碍，壁垒
7．poverty n．贫穷，贫困；贫乏
8．reusable adj.可再度使用的，可多次使用的
9．chemical n．化学制品 adj.化学的；化学作用的
10．smog n．雾霾，烟雾 smoggy adj.烟雾弥漫的
11．exist vi.存在；生存 existence n．存在；生存
12．extinct adj.灭绝的；消亡的
13．restore vt.(使)恢复
14．emission n．排放物；散发物；排放
15．ancestor n．(动物的)原种，祖先
常见话题句式：
1．Many trees are being cut down and more and more forests are lost，making animals lose their homes to live in.
许多树木正在被砍伐，越来越多的森林消失，这使得动物们失去了它们赖以生存的家园。
2．Darwin saw a variety of new species，but it was the birds that interested him the most.达尔文发现了各种各样的新物种，但最令他感兴趣的是鸟类。
3．We should protect the habitats of wild animals and that is what the animals really need most.我们应该保护野生动物的栖息地，那是动物们真正最需要的。
4．Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.只有学会与大自然和谐共处，我们才不会成为野生生物和地球的威胁。
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Ⅰ.Read the Text Builder carefully.Then listen to the dialogue and complete it by underlining the words or expressions you hear.(教材page 29)
Ⅱ.Two person are talking about their favourite art forms.Listen to the dialogue again and then choose the best answer.
1.Why doesn’t the woman like living in a flat
Because there are no green spaces and she likes being closer to nature.
2. Where does the man live and what does he do to help the environment
He lives in a flat and he plants flowers and vegetables outside his window.
3. What do they think is important to fight against global warming
They think that green spaces are very important for fighting against global warming.
Ⅲ .Listen to the dialogue on P29 and fill in the blanks with the words you hear(精听精练).
Dear all, welcome to our exhibition on green living. You may wonder what we mean by (1)green living. I'm sure you will understand this concept after the exhibition. There are four sections altogether. The first section introduces (2)different types of pollution. We all know that there are various types of pollution around us, which may cause different kinds of environmental problems, for instance, water pollution, air pollution, ocean pollution, soil pollution and noise pollution. This section will show how pollution affects our environment and our health. The second section explains (3)the reasons that cause different types of pollution. And you will see that our actions as humans are the main sources of pollution. The third section presents (4)the solutions that have been taken to tackle the problems, detailing ways we can help the environment. For example, a good way to reduce pollution is (5)to plant more trees. Finally, the exhibition ends with a summary about what we personally believe (6)we should be doing to lead a green life. To me, green living is about (7)living in harmony with nature
Topic Talk
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提示：例句中加底纹的词汇为本课时的词汇复现，帮助学生及时巩固，循环复习。
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?balance n．平衡；天平；余额 v．平衡；权衡
※keep one’s balance保持平衡lose one’s balance失去平衡out of balance不平衡keep the balance of nature保持生态平衡※balance sth. against sth.权衡；斟酌；比较※balanced adj.平衡的keep a balanced diet保持饮食均衡
(1)Try to keep a between work and relaxation.
尽量保持工作与休闲均衡。
(2)Life is like riding a bike. (keep) your balance，you must keep moving.
人生就像骑单车，只有不断前进才能保持平衡。
(3)He and hurt himself when he went upstairs.
他上楼时失去了平衡，摔伤了自己。
(4)You have to balance the advantages of living in the flat the disadvantages.
你得权衡一下住在这套公寓的好处和坏处。
(5)I had no solution so I was depressed；my life seemed completely of balance.
我没有解决的办法因此我情绪低落；我的生活好像彻底失去了平衡。
(6)Everyone should do his part .
所有的人应该尽自己所能保持自然平衡。
(7)To keep fit，you’d better keep a (balance) diet.
为了保持健康，你最好保持饮食均衡。
INCLUDEPICTURE "I:\\王真\\2020\\同步\\英语\\北师大 必修第三册\\方1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "I:\\王真\\2020\\同步\\英语\\北师大 必修第三册\\word\\方1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "I:\\王真\\2020\\同步\\英语\\北师大 必修第三册\\word\\方1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "I:\\王真\\2020\\同步\\英语\\北师大 必修第三册\\word\\方1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "I:\\王真\\2020\\同步\\英语\\北师大 必修第三册\\全书完整的Word版文档\\方1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "E:\\周飞燕\\2020\\同步\\看ppt\\北师大 必修第三册\\全书完整的Word版文档\\UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING\\方1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 答案：1. (1) balance
(2)To keep
(3) lost his balance
(4) against
(5)out
(6)to keep the balance of nature.
(7)balanced
INCLUDEPICTURE "I:\\王真\\2020\\同步\\英语\\北师大 必修第三册\\方2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "I:\\王真\\2020\\同步\\英语\\北师大 必修第三册\\word\\方2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "I:\\王真\\2020\\同步\\英语\\北师大 必修第三册\\word\\方2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "I:\\王真\\2020\\同步\\英语\\北师大 必修第三册\\word\\方2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "I:\\王真\\2020\\同步\\英语\\北师大 必修第三册\\全书完整的Word版文档\\方2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "E:\\周飞燕\\2020\\同步\\看ppt\\北师大 必修第三册\\全书完整的Word版文档\\UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING\\方2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "E:\\周飞燕\\2020\\同步\\看ppt\\北师大 必修第三册\\全书完整的Word版文档\\UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING\\方2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET To me，green living is about doing my part for the environment.对我来说，绿色生活就是为环境尽我的一份力量。
?do my part for sth.尽自己所能做某事
take part in参加play a part in在……起作用；在……扮演角色for one’s part就某人而言
(1)Everyone should our country to become better.
每一个人都应该尽自己所能让我们的国家变得更好。
(2)I an English speech contest last week about how to recycle life waste.
上周我参加了一场关于怎样回收利用生活垃圾的英语演讲比赛。
(3)These days firm work a single woman’s life.
现在，稳定的工作在单身女性的生活中起着重要作用。
[一句多译]
(4)就我而言，我认为这次关于怎样减少我们的碳排放的会议最富有成效。
① ，I found the meeting on how to reduce our carbon footprints most fruitful.(concern)
② ，I found the meeting on how to reduce our carbon footprints most fruitful.(part)
INCLUDEPICTURE "I:\\王真\\2020\\同步\\英语\\北师大 必修第三册\\方1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "I:\\王真\\2020\\同步\\英语\\北师大 必修第三册\\word\\方1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "I:\\王真\\2020\\同步\\英语\\北师大 必修第三册\\word\\方1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "I:\\王真\\2020\\同步\\英语\\北师大 必修第三册\\word\\方1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "I:\\王真\\2020\\同步\\英语\\北师大 必修第三册\\全书完整的Word版文档\\方1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "E:\\周飞燕\\2020\\同步\\看ppt\\北师大 必修第三册\\全书完整的Word版文档\\UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING\\方1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 答案：
INCLUDEPICTURE "I:\\王真\\2020\\同步\\英语\\北师大 必修第三册\\方2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "I:\\王真\\2020\\同步\\英语\\北师大 必修第三册\\word\\方2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "I:\\王真\\2020\\同步\\英语\\北师大 必修第三册\\word\\方2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "I:\\王真\\2020\\同步\\英语\\北师大 必修第三册\\word\\方2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "I:\\王真\\2020\\同步\\英语\\北师大 必修第三册\\全书完整的Word版文档\\方2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "E:\\周飞燕\\2020\\同步\\看ppt\\北师大 必修第三册\\全书完整的Word版文档\\UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING\\方2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 2. (1) do his part for
(2) took part in
(3) plays an important part in
(4)①As far as I am concerned
②For my part
达标检测
提示：题干中加底纹的词汇是本课时的词汇复现，帮助学生及时巩固，循环复习。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.The hunter took a shot at the deer in the distance, which is faced with extinction(extinct)．
2.The solution(solve), of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek shelter during the daytime.
3.Nobody in my life really wants to be involved(involve) with me.
4.To keep fit, you'd better keep a balanced(balance) diet.
5.It is a pity that the industrial(industry) cities built in the nineteenth century do not attract visitors.
Ⅱ.完成句子
We are using resources as_if_we_had_two_planets,_not one.(as if引导状语从句)
我们使用资源就好像我们有两个地球，而不是一个似的。
2．Well, say you leave_the_tap_running while you brush your teeth, leave_a_light_on when you go out or you drop a piece of litter and can't be bothered to pick it up.(leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语)
比方说，你刷牙的时候让水哗哗地流，当外出的时候不关灯，或者掉了一块垃圾却懒得捡起来。
3．It_is_by_acting_together,_in this exciting way, that we can involve thousands millions of people, and this is what is going to change the world.(强调句)
正是通过这种令人激动的方式共同行动起来，我们可以让成百上千、甚至千百万人参与其中，这将改变世界。
4.My parents made me tidy my room this morning.
→I__was__made__to__tidy my room this morning. (改为被动语态)
Lesson 1
[语境识词·读前清障]
阅读下列课文原句，猜测黑体词汇的汉语意思。
1．(教材P31)Most people suffer from what is known as “Just-me-ism”.
受...折磨 唯我独尊主义
2．(教材P30)Well, say you leave the tap running while you brush your teeth, leave a light on when you go out or you drop a piece of litter and can’t be bothered to pick it up.
让水龙头开着 懒得去捡起
(教材P31)You know that all those things are wrong, but so what
那又怎样
4．(教材P31)To inspire young people to take action for the environment, animals and their community, Roots & Shoots was established.
激励 采取行动 成立
5．(教材P31) This institute was set up in the early 1990s by Dr. Jane Goodall, a scientist who’s the world’s best-known expert on wild chimpanzees.
研究所 建立；创立 野生黑猩猩
[速读课文·理解信息]
Task 1　宏观架构　整体理解
1.Read the passage quickly and fill in the following blanks with suitable words.
答案：1.negative effects　2.When　3.why　4.Why　5.act together　6.a better place
2.The main idea of the text is that Roots & Shoots helps you use your life to make the world a better place for ， and the .
答案. people animals environment.
Task 2　微观剖析　细节把握
Choose the best answer.
1．What is not “Just-me-ism”？
A．Leave the tap running while you brush your teeth.
B．Leave a light burning when you go out.
C．Drop a piece of litter and can’t be bothered to pick it up.
D．Turn off the light when you go out.
2．When was Roots & Shoots established
A．In the early 1980s. B．In the late 1980s.
C．In the early 1990s. D．In the late 1990s.
3．Who is Jane Goodall
A．A scientist who’s the world’s best-known expert on wild chimpanzees.
B．A scientist who’s the world’s best-known expert on wild monkeys.
C．A scientist who’s the world’s best-known expert on wild tigers.
D．A scientist who’s the world’s best-known expert on wild wolves.
4．What’s the purpose of Roots & Shoots
A．To educate old people.
B．To educate young people.
C．To educate middle-aged people.
D．To educate children.
5．What can we learn from the text
A．Every individual doesn’t matter.
B．Every individual can make a difference to the world.
C．Only a few people suffer from “Just-me-ism”．
D．People can’t live together in peace with nature.
1.答案　D
2．答案　C
3．答案　A
4．答案　B
5．答案　B
Task 3　读后升华　思维品质
Ⅰ.美句欣赏
The text uses many parallel structures with the same pattern of words and sentences. Underline these structures.
答案：1. How can it matter if I leave one little tap running, one little light on or leave a little piece of litter on the road 2.Millions of gallons of water would be wasted; millions of lights would be left on; millions of pieces of litter would be dropped.
3.Do you think you help to make the world a better place when you make a sad person smile, when you make a dog wag its tail, and when you water a thirsty plant One cheered-up person, one happy dog, one flowering plant, and you.
Every individual matters. Every individual has a role to play. Every individual makes a difference.
Ⅱ.文本讨论
1.As teenagers,what can you do to protect environment
Possible answers:
not to leave the tap running
not to leave the house with lights still on
to use less tissue paper
to pick up litter
to ride bikes on short journeys
to plant more trees
to refuse to use disposable chopsticks
to be a volunteer for an environmental organisation
Activity 3　长句突破　能力提升
1．You know that all those things are wrong，but so what
[句式分析]　本句为复合句。 是You know；that all those things are wrong是that引导的 从句； 连接并列句。
[自主翻译]　 ？
2．The organisation is called Roots & Shoots because roots move slowly under the ground to make a firm foundation，and shoots seem small and weak，but they can break open brick walls to reach the light.
[句式分析]　本句为复合句。 是The organisation is called Roots & Shoots；because roots move slowly under the ground to make a firm foundation，and shoots seem small and weak...是because引导的 状语从句；其中and和but连接 句。
[自主翻译]　
3．Dr.Jane Goodall believes that the most important thing is that：“Every individual matters...”
[句式分析]　本句是复合句。Dr.Jane Goodall believes是 ；第一个that引导 从句；第二个that引导 从句。
[自主翻译]　
答案：
1．主句，宾语，but[自主翻译]　你知道这些都是不对的，但那又怎么样？
2．主句，原因，并列。[自主翻译]　这个组织取名“根与芽”，取义根部在地下缓慢延伸以形成坚实的基础，而芽看起来又小又弱，却可以向着光明冲破砖墙的阻挡。
3．主句，表语[自主翻译]　珍·古道尔博士认为，最重要的是：“每一个个体都很重要……”
第一板块 单词短语
Lesson 1 核心考点 讲练互动
提示：例句中加底纹的词汇为本课时或前面课时的词汇复现，帮助学生及时巩固，循环复习。
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?shoot n．芽；苗；嫩枝；射击 v．射击；射中；拍摄
[一词多义]　写出下列句子中shoot的词性和汉语意思
(1)With his attention focused，he shot the arrow from the bow(弓)．
(2)What interested us was that the movie was shot in black and white.
(3)Though in the desert，you can see some shoots in spring.
(4)He took a shoot at the target，but the smog stopped him from making it.
※take a shoot at朝……射击※shoot at朝……射击；向……开枪
(5)The hunter took shoot at the deer in the distance，which is faced with extinction.猎手向远处的那头鹿开了枪，这种鹿面临着灭绝。
(6)The new soldier shot the target，but missed it again.
这个新兵向靶子射击，但又没有射中。
[一句多译]
(7)刚才，那位猎人朝一头野猪射击，但是没有射中。
①Just now，the hunter a wild pig，but didn’t make it.(shoot n．)
②Just now，the hunter a wild pig，but didn’t make it.(shoot v．)
答案：1.(1)v.射击
(2).v.拍摄
(3)n.嫩芽
(4).n.射击
(5)a (6)at
(7)①took a shoot at
② shot at
INCLUDEPICTURE "I:\\王真\\2020\\同步\\英语\\北师大 必修第三册\\方4.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "I:\\王真\\2020\\同步\\英语\\北师大 必修第三册\\word\\方4.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "I:\\王真\\2020\\同步\\英语\\北师大 必修第三册\\word\\方4.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "I:\\王真\\2020\\同步\\英语\\北师大 必修第三册\\word\\方4.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "I:\\王真\\2020\\同步\\英语\\北师大 必修第三册\\全书完整的Word版文档\\方4.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "E:\\周飞燕\\2020\\同步\\看ppt\\北师大 必修第三册\\全书完整的Word版文档\\UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING\\方4.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "E:\\周飞燕\\2020\\同步\\看ppt\\北师大 必修第三册\\全书完整的Word版文档\\UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING\\方2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET It is by acting together，in this exciting way，that we can involve thousands—millions—of people，and this is what is going to change the world.正是通过这种令人激动的方式共同行动起来，我们可以让成百上千、甚至千百万人参与其中，这将改变世界。
?involve vt.参与；包含
※involve sb. in sth.把某人卷入某事中get/be involved in参与；卷入；专心于※involved adj.有关的，卷入的be involved with涉及；与……有关联
(1)All who participated have gained a positive outcome from getting .
所有参与的人都从中获得了积极的结果。
(2)I hold a firm belief that you shouldn’t involve me your quarrel!
我坚定地认为你不应该把我牵扯进你们的争吵中！
(3)He was involved reading the novel all morning.
他整个早上都在专心读小说。
(4)Nobody in my life really wants to be involved me.在我的生命中，没有一个人真正想融入我的生活。
INCLUDEPICTURE "I:\\王真\\2020\\同步\\英语\\北师大 必修第三册\\方4.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "I:\\王真\\2020\\同步\\英语\\北师大 必修第三册\\word\\方4.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "I:\\王真\\2020\\同步\\英语\\北师大 必修第三册\\word\\方4.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "I:\\王真\\2020\\同步\\英语\\北师大 必修第三册\\word\\方4.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "I:\\王真\\2020\\同步\\英语\\北师大 必修第三册\\全书完整的Word版文档\\方4.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "E:\\周飞燕\\2020\\同步\\看ppt\\北师大 必修第三册\\全书完整的Word版文档\\UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING\\方4.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 2.(1) involved
(2) in
(3) in
(4) with
INCLUDEPICTURE "I:\\王真\\2020\\同步\\英语\\北师大 必修第三册\\方5.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "I:\\王真\\2020\\同步\\英语\\北师大 必修第三册\\word\\方5.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "I:\\王真\\2020\\同步\\英语\\北师大 必修第三册\\word\\方5.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "I:\\王真\\2020\\同步\\英语\\北师大 必修第三册\\word\\方5.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "I:\\王真\\2020\\同步\\英语\\北师大 必修第三册\\全书完整的Word版文档\\方5.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "E:\\周飞燕\\2020\\同步\\看ppt\\北师大 必修第三册\\全书完整的Word版文档\\UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING\\方5.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET ...drop a piece of litter and can’t be bothered to pick it up.掉了一块垃圾却懒得捡起来。
?not be bothered to do sth懒得做某事
bother to do/doing sth.费心做某事bother sb. with/about sth.用某事麻烦某人Don’t bother.别费事了/不用麻烦了。
(1)My older brother play with me.(2020·浙江)
我哥哥懒得和我一起玩。
(2)Don’t bother （get) dinner for me.
请不必费事为我做饭了。
(3)I’m sorry that I have to bother you this problem.
对不起，我要用这个问题来麻烦你了。
INCLUDEPICTURE "I:\\王真\\2020\\同步\\英语\\北师大 必修第三册\\方5.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "I:\\王真\\2020\\同步\\英语\\北师大 必修第三册\\word\\方5.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "I:\\王真\\2020\\同步\\英语\\北师大 必修第三册\\word\\方5.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "I:\\王真\\2020\\同步\\英语\\北师大 必修第三册\\word\\方5.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "I:\\王真\\2020\\同步\\英语\\北师大 必修第三册\\全书完整的Word版文档\\方5.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "E:\\周飞燕\\2020\\同步\\看ppt\\北师大 必修第三册\\全书完整的Word版文档\\UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING\\方5.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 答案：3.(1couldn’t be bothered to
(2) to get
(3)with/about
To inspire young people to take action for the environment，animals and their community，Roots & Shoots was established.为了激励年轻人行动起来保护环境、动物和社区，“根与芽”诞生了。
?take action采取行动
take steps/measures采取措施take a risk冒风险take a chance碰运气take effect生效；起作用take advantage of利用
(1)Though under great pressure from work，we should to balance our work and family.
尽管身处巨大的工作压力之下，我们也应该采取行动平衡工作和家庭。
(2)They took risk in driving on，in spite of the smog.
尽管有雾霾，他们还是冒险驾车赶路。
(3)The new law on protecting the ocean from tomorrow.
有关保护海洋的新法律从明天起生效。
(4)We should air and water clean.
我们应该采取措施保持空气和水的清洁。
(5)We should the technology to find the solution to the problem.
我们应该利用科技来找到这个问题的解决办法。
答案：(1) take action
(2)a
(3)takes effect
(4) take measures/steps to keep
(5)take advantage of
(1)What he said
(2)what
(3) what
(4)what
(5)That
经典句式
INCLUDEPICTURE "I:\\王真\\2020\\同步\\英语\\北师大 必修第三册\\方1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "I:\\王真\\2020\\同步\\英语\\北师大 必修第三册\\word\\方1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "I:\\王真\\2020\\同步\\英语\\北师大 必修第三册\\word\\方1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "I:\\王真\\2020\\同步\\英语\\北师大 必修第三册\\word\\方1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "I:\\王真\\2020\\同步\\英语\\北师大 必修第三册\\全书完整的Word版文档\\方1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "E:\\周飞燕\\2020\\同步\\看ppt\\北师大 必修第三册\\全书完整的Word版文档\\UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING\\方1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "E:\\周飞燕\\2020\\同步\\看ppt\\北师大 必修第三册\\全书完整的Word版文档\\UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING\\方1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET Most people suffer from what is known as “Just-me-ism”．很多人都有所谓的“就我一个”问题。
句中what is known as “Just-me-ism”为what引导的宾语从句。[用法总结]what常用来引导名词性从句，即主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句，从句用陈述语序。what在引导名词性从句时有两个重要的特点：一是它在相应的名词性从句中一定有含义，常表示“……的东西/样子/事情等”；二是它在相应的名词性从句中一定作成分，常作主语、宾语或表语。[名师提醒]　that引导名词性从句时，that 在从句中不作任何成分，也无实际意义，仅起着连接句子的作用，一般不可省略 宾语从句除外 。
(1)What he said at the meeting on to deal with old batteries astonished everybody present.
他在会上说的关于怎样处理旧电池的话使在场的每个人都很惊讶。
(2)Over thousands of years，they began to depend less on could be hunted or gathered from the wild，and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.(2020·浙江)
几千年来，他们开始对从野外猎取或采集的东西依赖变少，而更多地依赖他们饲养的动物和播种的农作物。
(3)And that’s makes the act of rereading so rich and transformative.(2020·全国Ⅰ)
这就是为什么重读的行为如此丰富和具有变革性。
(4)I have no idea we should be involved in next.
我不知道下一步我们该干什么。
our team won the game made us very happy.
我们队赢得了比赛，这使我们很开心。
答案：(1) how(2)what(3)What (4)what (5)That
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……比方说，你刷牙的时候让水哗哗地流……
句中while引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”。while的用法如下： 1 “当……的时候”，表示时间，引导时间状语从句，从句谓语用延续性动词。 2 “而，却”，表示对比，连接两个并列句。 3 “虽然；尽管”，表示转折，引导让步状语从句。
(1)She was cooking she was keeping an eye on her baby sleeping in the cradle.
她一边做饭，一边留意睡在摇篮里的婴儿。
(2)The boy is good at maths his sister is good at Chinese.
那个男孩擅长数学而他妹妹擅长语文。
，he is very strict with them.
虽然他爱他的学生，可是他对他们很严格。
(1) while
(2)while
(3)While/Though/Although he loves his students
达标检测
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．She cycled round the corner，lost (she) balance and fell off.
2．Whatever happens，don’t involve me in (solve) your problem.
3． parents say and do has a life-long effect on their children.
4．It’s high time that we (take) action to keep the balance of nature.
5．You needn’t bother (come) up since I have solved all the problems.
6．What made me worried was she couldn’t adapt to the life there.
7．My parents often teach me that I should do my part our country when I grow up.
8．The grass send out new (shoot) in spring even though they are under some bricks.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．He can’t .
他连招呼都懒得打。
2. ，I do not know them well.
尽管他们是我的邻居，我对他们了解得并不多。
3．The child couldn’t on his new bicycle.
孩子骑他的新车时不能保持平衡。
4．My family and my job both my life.
我的家庭和工作都是我生活中重要的组成部分。
答案：Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1． her
2． solving
3．What
4．took
5． to come
6．that
7．for
8． shoots
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．be bothered to say hello.
2．While they are my neighbors
3．keep his balance
4．play an important part in
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Activity 1 规律探究
感知以下课文原句，完成方框下的小题
1．Well，say you leave the tap running...
2．But just think of all the millions of people saying to themselves...
3．One cheered-up person，one happy dog，one flowering plant，and you.
4．Do you want to make Roots & Shoots rooted in everyone’s heart
动词-ing形式在句中可以作宾补(如句1)、作定语(如句2、3)；动词-ed形式在句中可以作宾补(如句4)。
语法精析
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[特别提醒]
动词-ing形式是非谓语动词的一种形式，包括现在分词和动名词两种。动名词在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语；现在分词在句中作状语、宾语补足语、表语和定语。
动词-ed形式是非谓语动词的一种形式，表示被动和完成，在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。
一、动词-ing形式
1．作定语
(1)动名词作定语表示被修饰词的某种性能或用途，相当于for引导的介词短语。
(2)现在分词作定语时，它和被修饰词之间有逻辑上的主动关系，表示所修饰词进行的动作，相当于一个定语从句。
No one is allowed to speak aloud in the reading room.(reading room＝room for reading)
阅览室里不准大声说话。
A little child learning(＝who is learning) to walk often falls.
学走路的小孩常常跌跤。
There are many students waiting(＝who are waiting) to get examined.
有许多学生在等待检查。
2．作状语
现在分词作状语时可以表示时间、原因、条件、结果、让步、方式和伴随状况。作结果状语时，可以变为非限制性定语从句或并列分句；作方式状语和伴随状语时，可以变为并列分句；作其他状语时，可以变为相应的状语从句。
Hearing the noise，I turned around.
＝When I heard the noise，I turned around.
听到响声我转过身去。
Being poor，he couldn’t afford a TV set.
＝Because he was poor，he couldn’t afford a TV set.
由于贫穷，他买不起电视机。
Working hard，you’ll certainly succeed.
＝If you work hard，you’ll certainly succeed.
只要努力学习，你肯定会成功的。
The fire lasted a whole night，causing great damage.
＝The fire lasted a whole night，which caused great damage.
＝The fire lasted a whole night and caused great damage.
大火持续了一整夜，造成了巨大损失。
Mary sat by the window of the classroom，reading a book.
＝Mary sat by the window of the classroom and was reading a book.
玛丽坐在教室的窗边读书。
[特别提醒]
(1)现在分词作结果状语，是随着谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果；而不定式作结果状语时，常表示出乎意料的结果，常用only to do结构。
He was caught in the rain，making himself catch a cold.被雨淋后他感冒了。
I hurried to school，only to find it was Sunday.
我匆忙赶到学校，结果发现是星期天。
(2)有些惯用的分词短语在句中没有逻辑上的主语而独立存在，它们往往作为独立成分来修饰全句，表明说话者的态度、观点等，我们称这类短语为评论性状语。常见的有：generally speaking一般说来；personally speaking就个人而言；judging from/by由……判断等。
3．作宾语补足语
(1)现在分词在句子中可用作宾语补足语，句子中的宾语和宾语补足语在逻辑上是主动关系。
(2)feel，hear，notice，observe，see，watch等感官动词，既可以跟现在分词也可以跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。现在分词作句子中的宾语补足语，表示动作正在进行；不带to的不定式作句子中的宾语补足语，表示动作的完成。
I saw a small girl standing in front of a fish bowl.
我看到一个小女孩站在鱼缸前。
I saw that thief getting on the train.
我看见那个贼正在上火车。
I saw the thief get on the train and disappear.
我看见那个贼上了火车，消失不见了。
I couldn’t do my homework with the noise going on.
在持续的噪音下我无法完成作业。
4．作表语
作表语的动词-ing形式包括现在分词和动名词。现在分词作表语，往往具有形容词的性质，说明主语的性质、特征等；动名词作表语多表示抽象性的或习惯性的动作，一般说明主语的内容。
The result of the game was disappointing.
比赛结果令人失望。
His life story sounds very moving.
他的人生故事听起来很感人。
What I am tired of is waiting here alone.
我厌烦独自在这里等。
My hobby is collecting stamps.
我的爱好就是集邮。
二、动词-ed形式
1．作定语
单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前；过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰的名词后面作后置定语，其作用相当于一个定语从句。
The broken vase has been thrown outside.
那个碎了的花瓶已被扔到外面去了。
I borrowed a book written(＝that/which was written) by Mark Twain from the library.
我从图书馆里借了一本马克·吐温写的书。
[特别提醒]
不及物动词的过去分词作定语不表示被动，而表示完成，如：
boiled water＝water that has boiled开(过的)水
the fallen leaves＝the leaves that have fallen落叶
a developed country＝a country which has developed
发达国家
2．作宾语补足语
(1)及物动词(短语)的过去分词用作宾语补足语时，宾语即是过去分词的逻辑宾语，宾语和过去分词之间存在逻辑上的被动关系。
(2)少数不及物动词如 go，change，fall 等的过去分词作宾语补足语时，仅表示动作完成。
When I came in，I found a strange girl seated in the corner.
我进来时，发现一个陌生的女孩坐在角落里。
I want the letter posted.我想把这封信寄出去。
She found her necklace gone on her way home.
在回家的路上，她发现项链不见了。
[特别提醒]
过去分词用在have后作宾语补足语，有着特殊含义：
Did you have your homework finished
你的作业做完了吗？(自己做)
Now let’s have all the floors cleaned.
现在我们来把所有的地板都擦擦吧。(自己和别人一块做)
I had my bicycle repaired yesterday.
昨天我找人修理了自行车。(找别人做)
She had her wallet stolen on the bus.
她的钱包在公交车上被偷了。(遭遇某种情况)
3．作表语
(1)过去分词作表语，多表示主语所处的状态或所具备的特征，多位于系动词之后，这些系动词有be，remain，feel，seem，look，become等。
(2)有些过去分词作表语时，已经具备了形容词的性质。
The door remained locked.门仍然锁着。
Later they found that they were lost.
后来他们发现他们迷路了。
We were amazed at the beauty of the lake.
这个湖泊的美使我们大为惊奇。
4．作状语
(1)过去分词作状语时，过去分词所表示的动作与句子的主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，即表被动。
(2)过去分词作条件、原因及时间状语时，通常放在句首；作伴随状语时通常放在句末；作方式状语时，一般放在句末，有时也放在句首。
Caught in a heavy rain，he was all wet.
因为淋了一场大雨，所以他全身湿透了。(原因状语)
Grown in rich soil，these seeds can grow fast.
如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。(条件状语)
Asked about the matter，she kept silent.
当被问及那个问题时，她默不作声。(时间状语)
The old man walked into the room，supported by his son.
这位老人在儿子的搀扶下走进了房间。(方式状语)
He walked slowly in the forest，followed by a dog.
他在森林里慢慢地走着，后面跟着一条狗。(伴随状语)
达标检测
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．China is a developing country (belong) to the third world.
2．All the people (involve) in this global case must be present.
3．After the exciting party，she found her earrings (go) on her way home.
4．What made William sad was that he had his bike (steal) last night.
5． (see) those pictures，she remembered her childhood near the ocean.
6．The strange noise made the little girl (frighten) and lose her balance.
7．When I was on my way to school this morning，I saw two women (argue)．
8．Generally (speak)，girls are better at learning foreign languages than boys.
9．The players (select) from all around the country are expected to bring us honour.
10．It was (surprise) that the shy girl stood up and answered the question in a firm voice.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1. ，this article was not so good!
因为写得匆忙，这篇文章不是很好。
2．He stood there silently， .
他静静地站在那里，被感动得热泪盈眶。
3．He arrives at school very late every day， .
他每天都很晚到达学校，这让他的老师很生气。
4. her，she felt nervous.
这么多人看着她，她感到紧张。
5． by a car just now.
刚才我看到一位老人被车撞倒了。
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Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1． belonging
2． involved
3． gone
4． stolen
5．Seeing
6．frightened
7． arguing
8． speaking
9．selected
10．surprising
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．Written in a hurry
2．moved to tears.
3．making his teacher very angry.
4．With so many people looking at
5．I saw an old man knocked down
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