新北师大必修二Unit 4 Information technology Lesson 1 Avatars精讲精练（含答案）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
【北师大版】Unit 4 Information technology
类文赏读　话题导入
STRONGER TOGETHER：HOW WE HAVE BEEN CHANGED BY THE INTERNET
Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web.There are countless articles telling us how the Internet has made our lives more convenient1.We no longer have to wait in line or carry cash around when we go shopping.We can get the most updated2 information from large databases3.We can download software，documents，and images whenever we need them.But the Internet has done much more for people than simply make life more convenient.People’s lives have been changed by online communities and social networks.
Jan Tchamani，an English teacher in Birmingham，UK，suddenly developed a serious illness and had to quit her job.At age 50，she found herself out of work and stuck4 at home with only her computer to keep her company5.After a while，she discovered that surfing the Internet could help her feel less lonely and bored.She could listen to music，watch films，play games，and explore the world.She also joined an online group where she could talk about her problems and get support and advice from others.She realised that one of the greatest benefits of the Internet was its ability to remove the distance that usually exists between people.
She was so inspired by the people she met online that she decided to start an IT club to teach older people how to use computers and the Internet.She and her friends now organise events and collect money to pay for private teachers.Many people have been helped by the club.A 59-year-old man learnt how to apply for work online and found a great job.Now that he works and can take care of himself，his daughter has time to study at university.A 61-year-old woman who was living alone has started a small online company together with two friends.She no longer feels lonely，and her company has become quite successful.
Jan has started taking online classes to learn more about how to use the Internet to make society better.She believes that it is highly important to bridge the digital divide and make sure that everyone has access6 to the Internet and knows how to use new technology.Her next goal is to start a charity website to raise money for children in poor countries.
Jan’s life has been greatly improved by the Internet.“When you go through tough7 times，you meet others who are facing similar challenges，” Jan says.“Thinking about other people’s situations inspired me to offer help.”(选自人教版新教材必修二Unit 3)
1．convenient/k n′vi ni nt/adj.方便的；便利的
2．update/ p′deIt/vt.更新；向……提供最新消息 n．更新；最新消息
3．database/′deIt beIs/n.数据库；资料库
4．stuck/st k/adj.卡住；陷(入)；困(于)
5．keep pany陪伴某人
6．access/′ kses/n.通道；(使用、查阅、接近或面见的)机会 vt.进入；使用；获取
7．tough/t f/adj.艰难的；严厉的
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1．At age 50，she found herself out of work and stuck at home with only her computer to keep her company.
50岁时，她发觉自己失业了，困在家里，只有电脑相伴。
[句式分析]　此结构为“find＋宾语＋宾补”，out of work和stuck at home是句子的宾语补足语；with only her computer to keep her company是“with＋名词＋to do”结构，在句中作stuck的伴随状语。
2．She realised that one of the greatest benefits of the Internet was its ability to remove the distance that usually exists between people.
她意识到互联网的最大好处之一就是能够消除通常存在于人与人之间的距离感。
[句式分析]　这是一个复合句，第一个that引导了一个宾语从句作realise的宾语；第二个that引导了一个定语从句作distance的定语。
3．She was so inspired by the people she met online that she decided to start an IT club to teach older people how to use computers and the Internet.
她受到网友的启发，决定成立一个IT俱乐部来教年长一些的人们学习使用电脑和互联网。
[句式分析]　句中的she met online是一个省略了关系代词的定语从句，修饰前面的the people；so...that...如此……以至于……，引导结果状语从句。
Section Ⅰ　：　Topic Talk INCLUDEPICTURE "E:\\马珊珊\\2021\\同步\\英语 北师 选择性必修第二册\\目标一话题交流场景模拟.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "E:\\马珊珊\\2021\\同步\\英语 北师 选择性必修第二册\\目标一话题交流场景模拟.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "E:\\马珊珊\\2021\\同步\\英语 北师 选择性必修第二册\\目标一话题交流场景模拟.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET
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调查人员Martin针对信息技术对当代人们生活的影响在街上进行随机采访，高中生Tom碰巧经过被选中。请根据情景和提示完成对话。
Martin：Good afternoon，boy.
Tom：Good afternoon.
Martin：Can I ask you some questions about 1.information technology(信息技术)．
Tom：My pleasure.Please go ahead.
Martin：Thank you very much.Do you have a 2.smart-phone(智能手机) or personal computer
Tom：Yes，I’ve got my smartphone 3.since I became a senior high school student(自从我成为一名高中生)．
Martin：So in what way do you use it
Tom：I often use it to 4.search for information(查找信息) for my project.Also I use it to chat with my friends，buy some things,5.listen to music and even see some movies(听音乐，甚至看电影)．
Martin：Great! So why do you use it
Tom：6.Because it is very convenient(因为它很便利)．
Martin：Indeed，information technology provides lots of convenience for us.Does it bring you some negative or bad effects on your daily life
Tom：To be honest,7.it takes me a lot of time(它花费了我很多时间)．
Martin：That’s really bad.So we shouldn’t 8.get addicted to(对……上瘾) it.Thank you very much for your time.
Tom：You are welcome.
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英语听力主要考查学生对英语语言的分辨、理解和反应能力。准确的发音训练和丰富的词汇积累是做好听力题型的关键。所以学生在平时要多积累一些常见的话题词汇和话题句式。本单元的话题是信息技术，常见的话题词汇和句式如下：
常见话题词汇：
1．app应用程序；应用软件
2．shop online网购
3．download下载
4．get updated更新
5．avatar图标；头像
6．get addicted to对……上瘾
7．new technology新技术
常见话题句式：
1．I love exploring new technologies，because they are so convenient.
2．But are there any disadvantages about new technologies
3．Technology really enables people to communicate better with each other.
4．You can download this app.
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Ⅰ.Read the Text Builder carefully.Then listen to the dialogue and complete it by underlining the words or expressions you hear.(教材P6)
Ⅱ.Listen to the dialogue and then choose the best answer.(教材P7)
1．Who gave the boy the phone as a birthday present
A．His grandparents.
B．His parents.
C．His friend.
2．What does the girl like doing on her phone
A．Reading news.
B．Playing games.
C．Listening to music.
3．What’s the function(功能) of the app “Alarm Clock” according to the dialogue
A．Calling the boy to get up early.
B．Asking the boy to do homework.
C．Reminding the boy to stop playing games.
Ⅲ.Listen to the dialogue on P7 again and fill in the blanks with the words you hear.
(B＝Boy　G＝Girl)
B：This new phone is 1.a birthday present from my parents.I’ve downloaded lots of interesting and useful apps already.I like this music app—I can listen to songs when I can’t sleep or feel nervous.It really helps me 2.relax.
G：That’s cool！I like reading news on my phone.Do you have any 3.recommendation
B：Oh，yes！You can download this app！You’ll 4.get updated with the news all day long.
G：Super！What’s your 5.favourite app
B：I enjoy playing games.I have downloaded quite a few apps for different games.I use different 6.avatars in different games and this is really cool because they let me explore different personalities.New games make my life 7.interesting.
G：Wow！That sounds cool！But you need to be careful about spending too much time on them—you could 8.get addicted.
B：Well，I 9.admit it.So I downloaded an app called “Alarm Clock”．Once I play games for more than an hour，a bell rings to 10.remind me that my time is up.
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答案　1.B　2.A　3.C
Lesson 1
[语境识词·读前清障]
阅读下列课文原句，猜测加黑词的汉语意思
1．These digital identities，known as avatars，are a key part of how people use the Internet to communicate and express themselves.身份　虚拟身份
2．Yet，very few people knew that future avatars would have such a wide variety of forms and uses. 多样化，变化
3．They could dress their avatars in fancy clothes...别致的；花哨的
4．The use of avatars has also caused a few concerns.担忧；忧虑
5．However，other users view avatars in a more positive light.看待
[速读课文·理解信息]
Task 1　宏观架构　整体理解
Ⅰ.What is the text type of the passage
A．Practical writing(应用文)． B．Narration(记叙文)．
C．Expository writing(说明文)． D．Argumentative essay(议论文)．
答案　C
Ⅱ.Read the passage quickly and then fill in the blanks.
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Task 2　微观剖析　细节把握
Ⅰ.Read the passage more carefully and tell True(T) or False(F)．
1．An avatar is a digital identity to communicate and express oneself on the Internet.
2．There have been avatars since computers appeared.
3．One can only choose an avatar from the ready-made images.
4．As a serious workman，one would choose a sensible avatar for work.
5．Not all people like the idea of using an avatar.
答案： 1.T　2.F　3.F　 4.T　 5.T
Ⅱ.Read the passage and choose the best answer.
1．What is an avatar
A．Your identity.
B．Your own image.
C．A digital image.
D．Some funny pictures.
2．Why do people use avatars
A．For work reasons.
B．Just for fun.
C．To express and represent themselves.
D．To confuse others.
3．If your avatar is a picture of a laughing monkey，you may be .
A．a really funny person
B．a really friendly person
C．a really sad person
D．a really generous person
4．What is people’s attitude to the use of avatars
A．Positive but a little worried.
B．Negative and concerned.
C．Positive and excited.
D．Indifferent(漠不关心的)．
1. 答案　C
2．答案　C
3．答案　A
4．答案　A
Task 3　读后续写微技能
Activity 1　美句欣赏
Ⅰ.Read the passage carefully and find the sentences to describe the mood.(细读短文并找出心理描写的句子)
答案　(1)When Internet users realised that their avatars would be seen by many people...
(2)Some users worry that they are spending so much time in virtual worlds that they are becoming afraid of meeting people in the real world.
(3)However，other users view avatars in a more positive light.
Ⅱ.Read the passage carefully and find the sentences to describe a person.(细读短文并找出人物描写的句子)
答案　(1)...they started having more than one avatar：a sensible one for work；a friendly，good-looking one for meeting people；and a silly one for having fun.
(2)However，nearly all avatars are tall，young and nice-looking，so people obviously make their avatars look better than they do in real life.
Activity 2　文本讨论
Ⅰ.What does the writer mean by “the avatar you choose says about your personality”？Do you agree with the writer Give examples to support your opinion.
答案："The avatar you choose says a lot about your personality" may mean that most people create avatars that have similar features to their personalities and look more or less like them and act like them.
Ⅱ.The use of avatars has caused some concerns and can also be a risk.Can you give examples of the risks of using avatars What can you do to prevent such risks
答案：Some users worry that they are spending too much time in virtual worlds and the use of several avatars can also be a risk. Others view avatars in a more positive light. They look forward to a time when their avatar will act like a real person and travel around bigger, more exciting virtual worlds.
Activity 3　长句突破　能力提升
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自主翻译：这些数字身份，被称作“虚拟形象”， 是人们利用互联网进行交流和表达自己的关键部分。
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自主翻译：当人们开始创造他们自己的头像时，他们发现他们有能力创造一种新的身份，这种身份在相貌和行为上可以与真正的自我完全不同。
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自主翻译：一些用户担心他们在虚拟世界中花费了太多时间，以至于开始害怕在现实世界中与人见面。
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自主翻译：他们期待着有朝一日，自己的虚拟形象会像真人一样去环游更广阔的、更精彩的虚拟世界。
Task 4 课文语法填空
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The digital identities,1.___________ (know) as avatars，are a key part of how people use the Internet to communicate and express 2._________(them)．They first appeared in the 1980s，and by the late 1990s，they 3._________(use) in web chats like instant messenger.One person can have more than one avatar.They can 4._________ choose an avatar from a selection of ready-made images or create their own avatars.The avatar one chooses says a lot about his or her 5._________(person)．Nowadays，avatars are everywhere.The avatars in online worlds can talk，walk and fly around，meet people and attend classes.However，the use of avatars has also caused concerns.Some people worry that they are spending so much time in virtual worlds 6._________ they are becoming afraid of 7._________(meet) people in the real world.They also worry someone can use avatars 8._________(cheat) others online.However，other users view avatars in a more positive light.They look 9._________ to a time 10._________ their avatar will act like a real person and travel around bigger，more exciting virtual worlds.
课文语法填空答案：
The digital identities,1.known(know) as avatars，are a key part of how people use the Internet to communicate and express 2.themselves(them)．They first appeared in the 1980s，and by the late 1990s，they 3.had been used(use) in web chats like instant messenger.One person can have more than one avatar.They can 4.either choose an avatar from a selection of ready-made images or create their own avatars.The avatar one chooses says a lot about his or her 5.personality(person)．Nowadays，avatars are everywhere.The avatars in online worlds can talk，walk and fly around，meet people and attend classes.However，the use of avatars has also caused concerns.Some people worry that they are spending so much time in virtual worlds 6.that they are becoming afraid of 7.meeting(meet) people in the real world.They also worry someone can use avatars 8.to cheat(cheat) others online.However，other users view avatars in a more positive light.They look 9.forward to a time 10.when their avatar will act like a real person and travel around bigger，more exciting virtual worlds.
语言学习
第一板块 单词短语
Topic Talk
核心考点 讲练互动
提示：例句中加底纹的词汇为本课时的词汇复现，帮助学生及时巩固，循环复习。
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?convenience n．方便，便利
(1)for convenience 为了方便起见at one’s convenience在某人方便的时候for one’s convenience＝for the convenience of sb.为了方便某人(2)convenient adj.方便的；便利的(人不能做主语)It is convenient for sb.to do sth.对某人来说做某事是方便的。
[佳句赏读]　感悟句意·背诵
①I love exploring new technologies，because they provide convenience.
②For convenience，you’d better download a new app called “Alarm Clock”．
③If you are interested，please send an application at your convenience to Ms Sun at sun@.
④We hope that you will accept our invitation if it is convenient for you.
[单句语法填空/单句写作]
①We have provided seats for the convenience of our special customers.
②If it is convenient for you，I will visit you in the coming National holiday.
③The apartment is equipped with all the modern conveniences(convenient)．
④为了方便起见，整个班将被分成三组。
For convenience，the whole class will be divided into three groups.
⑤在互联网上享受阅读对我们来说很便利。
It is convenient for us to enjoy reading on the Internet.
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?recommendation n．建议，提议；推荐
(1)a letter of recommendation推荐信(2)recommend v．提议，建议；推荐recommend sb.sth.＝recommend sth.to sb.向某人推荐某物recommend sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事recommend doing sth.建议做某事recommend that sb.(should) do sth.建议某人做某事
[佳句赏读]　感悟句意·背诵
①Could you write me a letter of recommendation at your convenience？
②Our host shared his experiences and recommended us wonderful places to eat，shop and visit.
③I recommend you to stop working and have a vacation right now.
④It is recommended that passengers (should) not smoke during the flight.
建议乘客在飞行过程中不要吸烟。
[单句语法填空/单句写作]
①I strongly recommend that he (should) limit(limit) his time of chatting online.
②The manager recommended meeting(meet) the young man personally before employing him as our housekeeper.
③你能推荐一个好的律师给我吗？
Can you recommend me a good lawyer/recommend a good lawyer to me
④我强烈建议你读读《飘》这本书。
I strongly recommend that you (should) read the book Gone with the Wind.
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?admit vt.& vi.承认；允许进入；可容纳
(1)admit doing/having done sth.承认做/做过某事admit that...承认……be admitted to/into...允许进入；被录取It is generally/universally admitted that...普遍承认……(2)admission n．录取；承认；入场费
[佳句赏读]　感悟句意·背诵
①The self-focused boy eventually admitted his stupid mistake.
②He admitted having gotten addicted to playing computer games for weeks.
③I’m sorry to admit that I am not to adopt your recommendation.
④It’s generally admitted that information technology has a huge impact on our daily life.
人们普遍认为信息技术对我们的日常生活有着巨大影响。
[单句语法填空/单句写作]
①He admitted cheating(cheat) in the exam and was punished for his dishonesty.
②Admissions(admit) to famous universities should not only depend on exam results.
③I shall be very likely to be admitted to/into my ideal university.
④人们普遍承认“人如其食”。
It is generally/universally admitted that “You are what you eat”．
达标检测
提示：题干中加底纹的词汇为本课时的词汇复现，帮助学生及时巩固，循环复习。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The Internet has done much more for people than simply making life convenient(convenience)．
2．News came that one young man once working as a security guard in Peking University was admitted to/into the school.
3．Advertising is often the most effective(effect) method of promotion.
4．If you have any questions about this recommendation(recommend)，please don’t hesitate to contact me.
5．This new job will enable me to buy(buy) a new car.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．The smarter a child is，the less likely he gets addicted to TV.一个孩子越聪明，越不容易对电视上瘾。
2．He was admitted to Peking University and years of hard work paid off at last.
他被北京大学录取了，多年的辛苦努力终于得到了回报。
3．It is strongly recommended that children under 12 should not ride a bicycle to school.
强烈建议十二岁以下儿童不应骑自行车去上学。
Lesson 1
核心考点 讲练互动
提示：例句中加底纹的词汇为本课时或前面课时的词汇复现，帮助学生及时巩固，循环复习。
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?variety n．多样化；变化
(1)a variety of＝varieties of 各种各样的the variety of...……的多样性 (作主语时，谓语动词用单数)(2)various adj.各种各样的(3)vary v．使不同；变化vary from...to...从……到……变化vary with...随着……变化
[佳句赏读]　感悟句意·背诵
①People love exploring new technologies for a variety of/varieties of/various reasons.
②As you can see，the personalities vary from person to person.
③As we all know，the prices of fresh fruit vary with seasons greatly，especially some tropical fruits.
我们都知道，新鲜水果的价格随季节变化很大，特别是一些热带水果。
[单句语法填空/一句多译]
①No matter what you like to do，there is a way to get involved in various(variety) activities on Earth Day.
②The variety of fruits in this supermarket is(be) rich.
③We have learned that there are different varieties(variety) of English around the world.
④由于各种原因，她接受了这份工作。
→She took up the job for a variety of reasons.
→She took up the job for varieties of reasons.
→She took up the job for various reasons.
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?instant adj.即时的；立刻的 n．瞬间，片刻
(1)instant messenger 即时通讯instant coffee/noodles速溶咖啡/方便面(2)in an instant立即地(3)instantly adv.立即；马上the instant/instantly＝as soon as/the moment/the minute/immediately/directly...一……就……
[佳句赏读]　感悟句意·背诵
①In an instant，he took off his coat and jumped into the water to save the drowning boy.
②I was so familiar with her that I recognized her voice the instant/instantly I picked up the phone.
我对她很熟悉，一拿起电话我就听出了她的声音。
[单句语法填空/一句多译]
①Hearing the good news，he rang me up instantly(instant)．
②她一演讲完，大家就开始鼓掌。
→The instant she finished her speech，we began to applaud.(instant)
→We began to applaud instantly she finished her speech.(instantly)
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?concern n．担忧；忧虑 vt.与……有关；使担心
(1)show concern for/about...对……表示担心/关心(2)concerned adj.担心的；关心的；有关的be concerned about/for关心；担心be concerned with与……有关as far as sb./sth.be concerned就……而言；关于(3)concerning prep.关于
[佳句赏读]　感悟句意·背诵
①I appreciate the help and concern you’ve showed for me at this difficult time.
②There are various questions concerning pollution and environment.
③More and more people are concerned about young students’ addiction to smartphones.
④As far as I am concerned，the cartoon avatar is more lovely and suitable for me.
[单句语法填空/单句写作]
①I recommend you to have a quick word with the person concerning(concern) the interview.
②Nowadays，people are more and more concerned about/for the quality of life.
③在我看来，骑自行车是一个解决空气污染的好办法。
As far as I am concerned，riding a bicycle is a good solution to air pollution.
④毫无疑问，所有的父母都关心自己的孩子。
There is no doubt that all parents are concerned about/for their children.
第二板块 语法句式
Activity 1　规律探究
感知以下课文原句，完成方框下的小题
1.Yet，very few people knew that future avatars would have such a wide variety of forms and uses.2．When people started creating their own avatars，they discovered that they were going to have the power to create new identities that did not look or act like their real selves at all.3．When Internet users realised that their avatars would be seen by many people，not just their friends...
方框中句子的would have，were going to have，would be seen在时态上都属于过去将来时， 其中would be seen是过去将来时的被动形式。
Activity 2　语法精析
过去将来时(The Past Future Tense)
1．过去将来时的基本功能
过去将来时表示从过去的某一时间看，即将发生或存在的状态， 常用于宾语从句。如：
She said she would be there at 7 o’clock and he thought she would keep her word.
她说她会在七点到达，他认为她会守信用。
She told me she was going to book two tickets.
她告诉我她打算订两张票。
2．过去将来时的构成和用法
(1)should/would do表示根据计划安排即将发生。如：
He promised he would stop smoking and he made it.
他保证他会戒烟，并且做到了。
(2)was/were going to do表示过去某个时刻打算做或表示过去有某种迹象将要发生某事。如：
I was going to take part in your birthday party，but I failed to do so.
我本打算去参加你的生日聚会，但是没去成。
It seemed as if it was going to rain.
看起来天好像要下雨了。
(3)was/were to do和was/were about to do表过去将来时。如：
This was the call that announced that there was about to be a whale hunt.
这是宣告捕鲸行动马上就要开始的声音。
Tom told me that he was to be a doctor after graduation.
汤姆告诉我毕业后他将当一名医生。
(4)某些动词的过去进行时可以表示过去将来时，如：come，go，leave，arrive等表示位移的动词。
James has just arrived，but I didn’t know he was coming until yesterday.
詹姆士已经到了，但是直到昨天我才知道他要来。
I was told that my deskmate was leaving for England for further study.
我被告知我的同桌将要去英国深造。
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达标检测
提示：题干中加底纹的词汇为本课时或前面课时的词汇复现，帮助学生及时巩固，循环复习。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．I didn’t know when they were coming(come) to explore for oil again.
2．Helen said she would tell(tell) the news to her parents the next day.
3．I was about to chat(chat) with my deskmate when our head teacher came in.
4．It seemed as if she was going to cry(cry)．
5．When he looked to the side，he saw instantly(instant) that it was not a dog at all，but a wolf，quickly catching up with him.
6．Scientists were so concerned(concern) that they decided to take action.
7．The old man was tricked into buying(buy) a lot of useless products，which annoyed his children.
8．To our amazement，a variety(vary) of fancy cars are on show.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．Experts said that the dam would benefit the people around it.
专家说大坝将使它周围的人受益。
2．I was going to attend the meeting last night，but an unexpected visitor came.
昨晚我本打算去参加会议，但是家里来了个不速之客。
3．I recognized him the instant/instantly I saw him at the airport.
在机场我一看见他就认出他来了。
4．The boy played a trick on his deskmate，for which he was blamed by his teacher.
小男孩捉弄了他的同桌， 老师因此责备了他。
5．As far as I am concerned，there are a variety of possibilities for the development of the situation.
据我所知，形势的发展有各种各样的可能性。
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