新北师大选择性必修四Unit 12 Innovation Lesson 1 Scientific Breakthroughs精讲精练（含答案）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
【北师大版选择性必修四】Unit 12 INNOVATION
类文赏读　话题导入
THE MAN WHO CHANGED OUR UNDERSTANDING OF THE UNIVERSE
Albert Einstein，who is perhaps the greatest scientist in modern physics，is often considered one of the smartest men who ever lived.He made numerous contributions to the world，the most well known being the general theory of relativity1 and the famous formula E＝mc2. Einstein was not only a genius2；he was a courageous and kind figure loved by many people.
This gentle genius was born in Germany on 14 March 1879.When he was 16，he tried to enter university in Switzerland，but failed due to his low scores in the general part of the entrance exam，despite obtaining exceptional scores in maths and physics.After studying for another year，he managed to pass the exam，entering university in 1896 and graduating in 1900.
After two years of looking for work as a teacher，Einstein took a job as a clerk in the Swiss patent office.While working there，out of a strong passion3 for knowledge，he continued to study，earning a doctorate in physics in 1905.That same year，which was later recorded as a miracle year in science，he published four extraordinary physics papers.Following this，he gradually became famous throughout the world as the new Isaac Newton.After four years，he was able to quit his job at the patent office and enter research full time at a university.In 1922，he was awarded the 1921 Nobel Prize for Physics for his explanation of the photoelectric4 effect.
Circumstances changed in 1933，when Hitler came to power in Germany.Einstein，who was Jewish，found the doors of academic institutions5 closed to him.As a consequence，he had to flee Germany.After spending time in Europe，he finally took up a position6 as a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton，USA.Following that，he continued to make great achievements in physics and mathematics.
To the public，he was seen as a slightly odd looking but kind and funny man.He had a thick moustache and long white hair，which sometimes stood on end as though he had just received an electric shock. Although he was a genius，he sometimes forgot things，like his friends’ birthdays.But despite his peculiarities7，he was loved by his friends and neighbours.There is even a story about how he helped a little girl who knocked on his door and asked for help with her homework. In fact，Einstein often encountered8 people on the street who would stop him and ask him to help explain things.After many such occasions，he finally started saying，“Pardon me! Sorry! Always I am mistaken for Professor Einstein！”
On 18 April 1955，it was reported that Einstein had passed away，and the whole world mourned the great loss of a brilliant scientist.
1．relativity/ rel 'tIv ti/n.相对论
2．genius/'d i ni s/n.天才
3．passion/'p n/n.酷爱；激情
4．photoelectric/ f t I'lektrIk/adj.光电的
5．institution/ InstI′tju n/n.制度；习俗
6．take up a position担任；任职
7．peculiarity/pI kju li' r ti/n.个性；特点
8．encounter/In'ka nt (r)/v.偶然碰到；遇到 n．邂逅
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1．Albert Einstein，who is perhaps the greatest scientist in modern physics，is often considered one of the smartest men who ever lived.
阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦——这位或许是现代物理学领域最伟大的科学家——被公认是有史以来智商最高的人之一。
[句式分析]　本句是一个复合句。句中的两个who都引导定语从句，先行词分别是Albert Einstein 和 the smartest men。
2．He made numerous contributions to the world，the most well known being the general theory of relativity and the famous formula E＝mc2.
他为世界做出了无数的贡献，最为出名的当数广义相对论和著名的方程式E＝mc2。
[句式分析]　本句是一个简单句，但是包含一个独立主格结构：the most well known being the general theory...。
3．He had a thick moustache and long white hair，which sometimes stood on end as though he had just received an electric shock.
他胡须浓密，头发又长又白，有时会像刚遭了电击似的竖起来。
[句式分析]　本句是一个复合句。其中which引导定语从句，先行词是 hair；as though引导状语从句。
4．There is even a story about how he helped a little girl who knocked on his door and asked for help with her homework.
甚至还有一件轶事，说的是他如何为一名上门求助的小女孩讲解家庭作业。
[句式分析]　本句是一个复合句。其中how引导宾语从句；who引导定语从句，先行词是a little girl。
Section Ⅰ　：　Topic Talk &Lesson 1
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汤姆和李华正在谈论影响我们生活质量的发明和发现。请根据提示完成对话。
Tom：There are 1.so many scientists and innovations(如此多的科学家和创新) that influence our life in the 20th century.Which do you think is the most useful one
Li Hua：2.It is really hard to choose the most important one(选择一个最重要的真的很难)．
Tom：Well，for me，I think the most influential scientist is Albert Einstein.
Li Hua：3.I can’t agree with you more(我非常同意你的观点)．The theory of relativity he put forward changed our entire understanding of the universe.
Tom：Indeed.
Li Hua：There are also some inventions that changed our daily life.Among them 4.the most important one I think is the Internet(我认为最重要的是网络)．
Tom：The Internet is an amazing invention.Before that，people had only TV，newspapers and books to get information.
Li Hua：Of course.5.With the computer(通过电脑)，we can chat with friends online and send and receive emails.
Tom：So it really 6.brings us much convenience(给我们带来很多便利) and greatly improves our quality of life.
Li Hua：7.Besides the Internet(除了网络)，smartphones，AI robots，and other intelligence devices are also extraordinary inventions that change our life a lot.
Tom：How has life quality been improved in such a short time？What will come in the following years 8.Only time will tell(只有时间能告诉我们答案)．
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听力策略之眼耳并用， 动笔记录。考生在听听力时，仅凭大脑的短时间记忆是不够的。英语听力是由简单的对话或短文组成的。 但是考生不可能把听到的所有信息都记清楚， 所以考生对于一些非常重要且容易忘记的信息，应记下来。记录时一定要简单、易懂。记录要有重点，讲技巧。本单元的话题是科技与创新。
常见话题词汇：
1．advanced先进的
2．discovery发现
3．invent发明
4．creative创造性的
5．innovation创新
6．convenience便利
7．intelligent智能的
8．scientific科学的
9．transform改变；转换
10．surf the Internet上网冲浪
11．search engine搜索引擎
12．in the field of science在科学领域
常见话题句式：
1．What characteristics do you think inventors have
你认为发明家有什么品质？
2．Inventors should be creative and curious.They often think outside the box.
发明家应该有创造性和好奇心，他们通常能跳出固有思维模式。
3．What do you think is the most useful invention in our daily life
你认为在我们的日常生活中最有用的发明是什么？
4．Computers and the Internet are the most amazing inventions in our modern life.
电脑和网络是我们现代生活中最令人惊奇的发明。
5．There is no denying that modern science and technology brings us convenience and comfort in life.
毋庸置疑，现代科技给我们的生活带来了方便和舒适。
6．As is known to us all，smartphones have become an important part in our daily life.
众所周知，智能手机已经成为我们日常生活中重要的一部分。
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Ⅰ.Read the Text Builder carefully.Then listen to the dialogue and complete it by underlining the words or expressions you hear.
Ⅱ.Listen to the dialogue again and then choose the best answer.
1．What is the Susan Li
A．She is a young student.
B．She is a young inventor.
C．She is a young professor.
2．What is the function of her invention
A．It can clean plastic and garbage on the ground.
B．It can be used in the ocean.
C．It can help solve water pollution.
3．What is the disadvantage of her invention
A．It is easy to use.
B．It is very expensive.
C．It can be put into operation soon.
1. 答案　B
2. 答案　C
3. 答案　B
Ⅲ.Listen to the dialogue on P51 and answer the questions.
Ⅳ.Listen to the dialogue on P51 again and fill in the blanks with the words you hear.(精听训练)
(CY＝Chen Yang　CX＝Chen Xi　L＝Li Zhen)
CY：OK，Chen Xi and Li Zhen，let’s get this project started！Ms Ding asked us to think of 1.the most useful invention in our everyday life.What do you both think
CX：Right.Well，for me，it would have to be computers.I spend so much time on 2.my computer studying，playing games，chatting with friends...
L：Computers are a good choice，but it really was 3.the invention of the Internet that made them useful.Before that，only scientists and other technical people used them.Now，because of 4.the Internet，there is a reason for us all to have one.
CY：Yes，I agree.The Internet is an amazing invention.Before that，people had only TV，newspapers and books to 5.get information.
CX：And of course before the Internet，you couldn’t chat with friends 6.online or send and receive emails.Only telephone calls and letters.
L：Wow，so when was the Internet 7.invented？Oh wait.Let’s check online!
CY：Hmmmm.OK...It was invented in the 1960s，but it wasn’t widely used until the 1990s.
CX：How life has been 8.transformed in such a short time！Imagine what’s coming in the next 50 years!
语言学习
Topic Talk
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?entertainment n．娱乐节目
(1)to one’s entertainment使某人高兴的是(2)entertain v．招待；使快乐；娱乐entertain sb.with sth.用某物使某人快乐entertain sb.to sth.用某物招待某人(3)entertaining adj.有趣的
[佳句赏读]　感悟句意·背诵
①To my great entertainment，he promised to entertain us to ice cream.
②In that small ward，he entertained the old for hours with funny jokes and stories.
③It turned out that his speech was not only informative but also entertaining.
结果他的演讲不仅内容丰富而且很有趣。
[单句语法填空]
①Yang Ming is a bachelor，and often entertains himself with drums.
②Bob and Liz entertained us to dinner last night.During the time Bob told us many jokes for entertainment(entertain)，making it an entertaining(entertain) night.
INCLUDEPICTURE "F:\\源文件\\北师大版 选择性必修第四册\\2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "E:\\张春兰\\2021\\同步\\英语 北师大（京闽粤）选择性必修第四册\\2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "E:\\张春兰\\2021\\同步\\英语 北师大（京闽粤）选择性必修第四册\\word\\2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "E:\\张春兰\\2021\\同步\\英语 北师大（京闽粤）选择性必修第四册\\word\\2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "E:\\张春兰\\2021\\同步\\英语 北师大（京闽粤）选择性必修第四册\\word\\2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "F:\\米昕\\2021\\同步\\0看PPT\\英语 北师大版 选择性必修第四册 京闽粤（新教材）\\全书完整的Word版文档\\UNIT 12 INNOVATION\\2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "C:\\Users\\14902\\Desktop\\高中英语讲义北师大版\\高中英语讲义北师大版\\高中英语讲义北师大版\\英语同步系列选择性必修第四册《学习笔记》（新教材）北师大版\\【配套Word版文档】Unit 12—模块检测卷\\2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET gifted adj.有天赋的，有才华的
(1)be gifted in/at 在……方面有天赋(2)gift n．天赋，天才，才能；礼物have a gift for有……天赋
[佳句赏读]　感悟句意·背诵
①It is said that he is a man of many gifts，especially he is gifted in/at drawing.
②The father wants to train his daughter to be a musician because he finds she has a gift for music.
[语段填空]
The gifted musician is a man of many gifts，who had a gift for music when he was a child，and now he is gifted in/at playing many musical instruments.
这位有才华的音乐家是一个多才多艺的人。当他还是个孩子时就有音乐天赋。现在他擅长弹很多种乐器。
达标检测
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Whether to build an (entertain) center around here has not been decided yet.
2．What a gifted story teller he is！He can always entertain us various (entertain) stories.
3．Many of them have a gift riding wild horses and can win thousands of dollars in prizes.
4．Brian is gifted writing music；he is very likely to be a Beethoven.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．Knowledgeable guides will about the attractions.知识渊博的导游将为您讲述关于景点的最有趣的故事。
2．Young as she is，she is as well as being a photographer.
尽管年轻，她不但是个摄影师而且还是个有才华的音乐家。
达标检测答案：
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1. entertainment 2. with entertaining 3. for 4. in/at
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.entertain you with the most interesting stories
2.a talented/gifted musician
Lesson 1
[语境识词·读前清障]
阅读下列课文原句，猜测黑体词汇的汉语意思。
1．Medical advances ranged from discovering the causes of diseases under microscopes to staging operations to replace diseased organs with donated ones.显微镜　捐献的
2．Communications changed with the introduction of mobile phones，and the way we correspond went from writing letters to emailing and sending instant messages.通信　立刻的，马上的
3．We started flying around the world，launching satellites into orbit and，at the same time，scientists figured out how to split the atom，previously thought to be the smallest particle of matter in the universe.发射　卫星　轨道　分割　粒子
4．In the summer of 1905，this outspoken young man was rocking his one year old baby when he was suddenly inspired.Subsequently，“E＝mc2” was born.坦率的　随后
5．This blue mould was in fact the natural form of penicillin，which Fleming perceived could be used to kill bacteria.霉菌　青霉素　察觉，注意到
6．During World War Ⅱ，when Fleming’s discovery was first helping to cure people，the US Navy was looking for ways of improving the accuracy of their missiles.海军　精准度　导弹
7．The navy turned to Eckert，an engineer，and Mauchly，a physicist，to deal with the problem and produce a machine to do the job in a joint effort.物理学家　联合的
8．These pioneers of the 20th century were all dedicated to improving the quality of human life on Earth.致力于
[速读课文·理解信息]
Task 1　宏观架构　整体理解
Ⅰ.Read the passage quickly and then fill in the blanks.
In the 20th century，amazing discoveries were made in medicine，communications，transport，as well as human’s knowledge of the world and space.The following are some 1.pioneers and their inventions and 2.discoveries.
Pioneers Discoveries/Inventions Significance
Albert Einstein E＝mc2 It showed how a small piece of mass could produce an unbelievable amount of 3.energy.
4.Theory of relativity It showed even time，mass and length change according to our experience of them.
5.Alexander Fleming Penicillin It helped to save the 6.lives of millions.
Eckert & Mauchly The world’s first computer It was produced to improve the 7.accuracy of the US Navy’s missiles.
Tim Berners Lee 8.The World Wide Web It enabled computers all over the world to communicate with each other.
Ⅱ.The main idea of the passage is about some of the amazing pioneers and their great inventions and discoveries in the 20th century.
Task 2　微观剖析　细节把握
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1．What inspired Einstein to put forward the equation “E＝mc2”？
A．His one year old baby.
B．The rocking of his baby.
C．His outspoken personality.
D．Taking care of his baby.
2．Whose discovery can be used to save people’s lives according to the text
A．Alexander Fleming’s.
B．Edwin Hubble’s.
C．Albert Einstein’s.
D．Eckert and Mauchly’s.
3．When did the Internet become widely used
A．In the 1960s. B．In the year 1960.
C．In the year 1990. D．In the 1990s.
4．Which word can replace the word “dedicated” in the first sentence in the last paragraph
A．Decided. B．Devoted.
C．Addicted. D．Determined.
5．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．An atom is the smallest particle of matter.
B．Einstein was at work when he thought of the equation “E＝mc2”．
C．Fleming had been studying bacteria in his laboratory when the discovery happened.
D．The first computer project failed to meet its original goal.
Task 2　微观剖析　细节把握
1. 答案　B
2. 答案　A
3. 答案　D
4. 答案　B
5. 答案　D
Task 3　读后升华　思维品质
Ⅰ.美句欣赏
Read the passage carefully and find out the sentences to describe the character.(细读短文并找出人物描写的句子)
Ⅱ.文本讨论
1．Which discovery or invention mentioned in the text has been the most important so far
2．How did the writer connect the paragraphs Circle the single words or phrases.
Task 3　读后升华　思维品质
Ⅰ.美句欣赏
答案　(1)One of the 20th century’s premier scientists was Albert Einstein.In the summer of 1905，this outspoken young man was rocking his one year old baby when he was suddenly inspired.
(2)Fleming remained humble about the amazing outcome of his discovery.
Ⅱ.文本讨论
1. 答案　略
答案　略
Activity 3　长句突破　能力提升
分析下面句子结构并翻译： INCLUDEPICTURE "F:\\源文件\\北师大版 选择性必修第四册\\B22.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "E:\\张春兰\\2021\\同步\\英语 北师大（京闽粤）选择性必修第四册\\B22.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "E:\\张春兰\\2021\\同步\\英语 北师大（京闽粤）选择性必修第四册\\word\\B22.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "E:\\张春兰\\2021\\同步\\英语 北师大（京闽粤）选择性必修第四册\\word\\B22.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "E:\\张春兰\\2021\\同步\\英语 北师大（京闽粤）选择性必修第四册\\word\\B22.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "C:\\Users\\14902\\Desktop\\高中英语讲义北师大版\\高中英语讲义北师大版\\高中英语讲义北师大版\\英语同步系列选择性必修第四册《学习笔记》（新教材）北师大版\\【配套Word版文档】Unit 12—模块检测卷\\B22.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET
译文：如果你必须选择20世纪最重要的一项发现，这可不是件容易的事。
INCLUDEPICTURE "F:\\源文件\\北师大版 选择性必修第四册\\B23.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "E:\\张春兰\\2021\\同步\\英语 北师大（京闽粤）选择性必修第四册\\B23.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "E:\\张春兰\\2021\\同步\\英语 北师大（京闽粤）选择性必修第四册\\word\\B23.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "E:\\张春兰\\2021\\同步\\英语 北师大（京闽粤）选择性必修第四册\\word\\B23.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "E:\\张春兰\\2021\\同步\\英语 北师大（京闽粤）选择性必修第四册\\word\\B23.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "C:\\Users\\14902\\Desktop\\高中英语讲义北师大版\\高中英语讲义北师大版\\高中英语讲义北师大版\\英语同步系列选择性必修第四册《学习笔记》（新教材）北师大版\\【配套Word版文档】Unit 12—模块检测卷\\B23.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET
译文：我们开始坐飞机周游世界，把人造卫星发射至轨道。同时，科学家们发现了如何分裂原子，在此之前，原子被认为是宇宙中最小的物质微粒。
INCLUDEPICTURE "F:\\源文件\\北师大版 选择性必修第四册\\B24.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "E:\\张春兰\\2021\\同步\\英语 北师大（京闽粤）选择性必修第四册\\B24.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "E:\\张春兰\\2021\\同步\\英语 北师大（京闽粤）选择性必修第四册\\word\\B24.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "E:\\张春兰\\2021\\同步\\英语 北师大（京闽粤）选择性必修第四册\\word\\B24.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "E:\\张春兰\\2021\\同步\\英语 北师大（京闽粤）选择性必修第四册\\word\\B24.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "C:\\Users\\14902\\Desktop\\高中英语讲义北师大版\\高中英语讲义北师大版\\高中英语讲义北师大版\\英语同步系列选择性必修第四册《学习笔记》（新教材）北师大版\\【配套Word版文档】Unit 12—模块检测卷\\B24.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET
译文：1905年夏天，这个坦率的年轻人给他一岁的孩子晃动摇篮时，突然受到启发。
INCLUDEPICTURE "F:\\源文件\\北师大版 选择性必修第四册\\B25.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "E:\\张春兰\\2021\\同步\\英语 北师大（京闽粤）选择性必修第四册\\B25.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "E:\\张春兰\\2021\\同步\\英语 北师大（京闽粤）选择性必修第四册\\word\\B25.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "E:\\张春兰\\2021\\同步\\英语 北师大（京闽粤）选择性必修第四册\\word\\B25.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "E:\\张春兰\\2021\\同步\\英语 北师大（京闽粤）选择性必修第四册\\word\\B25.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "C:\\Users\\14902\\Desktop\\高中英语讲义北师大版\\高中英语讲义北师大版\\高中英语讲义北师大版\\英语同步系列选择性必修第四册《学习笔记》（新教材）北师大版\\【配套Word版文档】Unit 12—模块检测卷\\B25.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET
译文：不同国家因共同利益而连接起来，使得这个星球上人类的生活已经转变为“地球村”。
达标检测
课文语法填空
There are so many amazing scientists and scientific 1. (discovery) that it is hard to choose the most important one.One of the premier scientists was Albert Einstein，who showed us that mass，length and time are not constant，2. changed our entire understanding of the universe.This 3. (know) as the “theory of relativity”．Einstein changed the understanding of ourselves and the universe around us，but 4. was Alexander Fleming who，I think，changed the quality of our lives.He discovered a blue mould，actually the natural form of penicillin，which could kill bacteria and save millions of people around the world.Illnesses that used to be fatal are now 5. (cure) thanks to the use of this 6. (amaze) natural drug.Finally，the invention of the first computer and subsequently，the Internet has had far reaching effects and changed the world entirely.7. (origin)，the idea of network computers communicating with each other was proposed by American scientists during the Cold War.It wasn’t until 1990 8. Tim Berbers Lee invented the World Wide Web.Since then，connectivity 9. (become) so commonplace that even a one year old child is able to tap and slide a screen on a smartphone.We can now work，live and communicate instantly and efficiently.
Imagine what is coming in the next 50 years.Only time 10. (tell)．
达标检测
课文语法填空
1. discoveries 2. which 3. was known 4. it 5. curable
6. amazing 7. Originally 8. that 9. has become 10 . will tell
语言学习
第一板块 单词短语
Lesson 1 核心考点 讲练互动
INCLUDEPICTURE "F:\\源文件\\北师大版 选择性必修第四册\\1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "E:\\张春兰\\2021\\同步\\英语 北师大（京闽粤）选择性必修第四册\\1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "E:\\张春兰\\2021\\同步\\英语 北师大（京闽粤）选择性必修第四册\\word\\1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "E:\\张春兰\\2021\\同步\\英语 北师大（京闽粤）选择性必修第四册\\word\\1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "E:\\张春兰\\2021\\同步\\英语 北师大（京闽粤）选择性必修第四册\\word\\1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "F:\\米昕\\2021\\同步\\0看PPT\\英语 北师大版 选择性必修第四册 京闽粤（新教材）\\全书完整的Word版文档\\UNIT 12 INNOVATION\\1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "C:\\Users\\14902\\Desktop\\高中英语讲义北师大版\\高中英语讲义北师大版\\高中英语讲义北师大版\\英语同步系列选择性必修第四册《学习笔记》（新教材）北师大版\\【配套Word版文档】Unit 12—模块检测卷\\1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET Medical advances ranged from discovering the causes of diseases under microscopes to staging operations to replace diseased organs with donated ones.(教材P52)
?donate vi.& vt.捐献(器官)，献(血)；捐赠，捐献
(1)donate sth.to sb./sth.向……捐赠某物(2)donation n．捐款；赠送，捐赠(物)make a donation to...向……捐赠(3)donor n．捐赠者
[佳句赏读]　感悟句意·背诵
①I think it would be better to donate money to a temporary shelter for the homeless.
②If you have more money than time，it makes sense to make a donation to non profit organizations that help poor people.
[单句语法填空]
①We are planning to donate money to charity and hope it will have a major impact on people.
②Medical science has proved that donating blood is good for the donor(s) both physically and spiritually.(donate)
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?instant adj.立刻的，马上的 n．瞬间；立刻，片刻
(1)in an instant 立刻for an instant顷刻，一瞬间the instant一……就……(2)instantly adv.立即，即刻 conj.一……就……(作连词相当于immediately，directly，the instant，the minute，the moment，as soon as)
[佳句赏读]　感悟句意·背诵
①It can provide students with instant feedback，including reports about their strengths and weaknesses.
②I couldn’t answer your question for an instant；please leave me some time.
③In an instant，he took off his coat and jumped into the freezing water to save the drowning child.
④Instantly/The instant the president declared the celebration open，the crowd burst into cheers.
[单句语法填空/同义句转换]
①Just for an instant I thought he was going to refuse，but to my relief，he agreed easily.
②It was so strange that the pain disappeared instantly(instant) I saw the doctor.
③Instantly she stopped asking questions，I got up and went out of the room.
→As soon as she stopped asking questions，I got up and went out of the room.(as soon as)
→The moment/The instant she stopped asking questions，I got up and went out of the room.(the＋名词)
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?propose v．提出(某观点、方法等)；提议；打算；计划；求婚
(1)propose doing...提议做……；建议做……propose to do...计划做……；打算做……propose that sb.(should) do sth.建议某人做某事It is proposed that...有人建议……(2)proposal n．建议；提议put forward/make a proposal that...(should) do...提出建议……
[佳句赏读]　感悟句意·背诵
①The representative proposed extending the motorways but was turned down.
②Having earned a lot of money，he proposed buying/to buy a new car for his wife.
③A professor at the Academy has proposed that a fund should be established to raise money.
④He made a proposal that the meeting should be postponed until next Tuesday.
[完成句子/一句多译]
①She proposed a possible solution(提出了可能的解决方法) to the conflict between reducing work pressure and improving work efficiency.
②We were excited to witness that he finally proposed to his girlfriend(向他女朋友求婚)．
③他们建议成立一个小组调查这一案件。
→It was proposed that a group should be formed to investigate the case.
→They proposed forming a group to investigate the case.
→They made a proposal that a group should be formed to investigate the case.
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?without 引导的含蓄虚拟条件句
(1)本句为含蓄虚拟条件句，without短语表示含蓄虚拟条件。(2)有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中没有条件句，其内容暗含在短语或上下文中，这种句子我们叫做含蓄条件句。常见介词短语有without...“没有……”；but for...“要不是……”；常用连词有or/otherwise“否则(要不然)”等。
[佳句赏读]　感悟句意·背诵
①It would have been impossible to find my daughter without the help of Friends Reunited.
②But for your help，I wouldn’t have completed the task in time.
③It is lucky we booked a room in advance，or we would have nowhere to stay now.
④He is not a careful driver，otherwise he wouldn’t have had that accident.
[完成句子/句型转换]
①She told me without my help，she would have failed in the examination.
她告诉我没有我的帮助，她就不会通过考试。
②We didn’t know his telephone number，or/otherwise we would have called him.
我们不知道他的电话号码， 要不然我们就给他打电话了。
③If it hadn’t been for your advice，I wouldn’t have made such great progress.
→But for your advice，I wouldn’t have made such great progress.
④If you don’t spend time with happy people，your health could suffer.
→Spend time with happy people，otherwise/or your health could suffer.
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Communications changed with the introduction of mobile phones，and the way we correspond went from writing letters to emailing and sending instant messages.
?correspond vi.通信；符合，相一致；相当于
correspond with...与……通信correspond to...相当于……，相似于……correspond to/with...与……相一致/符合
①I used to correspond with my friends by letters while now the Internet is more convenient.
过去我常和我的朋友们通过信件通信，而现在有了互联网就更方便了。
②Your account of the incident did not correspond with/to what she had told me.
你对这件事的说法跟她告诉我的不一致。
③Red lines on the map correspond to major roads.
地图上的红线相当于主要道路。
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Activity 1　规律探究
感知以下课文原句，完成方框下的小题
1.If you had to choose the single most important discovery of the 20th century...2．...the way we correspond went from writing letters to emailing and sending instant messages.3．...this outspoken young man was rocking his one year old baby when he was suddenly inspired.4．In 1929，another important finding was made by...5．...the world as we know it today would be a completely different place.
方框中的黑体单词都是形容词，都修饰名词。句1中的single 和important 是多个形容词修饰名词；有的形容词是简单形容词，有的形容词是复合形容词，如：句3中的形容词是复合形容词；有的形容词前面可以由副词修饰表示程度，如：句5中的形容词被副词completely修饰。
Activity 2　语法精析
Adjectives(形容词)
形容词是描述事物的特征、性质、类属、状态等内容的一类词，主要用于修饰、丰富、限定名词和部分代词，表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征。
一、形容词的分类
本课时我们重点讲解性质形容词、类别形容词和复合形容词。
1．性质形容词
性质形容词有级的变化，能用程度副词修饰，在句子中充当定语(最多)、表语、宾语补足语、状语(很少)。
Our teacher is taller than we are.
我们老师的个子比我们的高。
It is warmer today than it was yesterday.
今天的天气比昨天暖和。
Practice proves that this idea is completely correct.
实践证明，这个想法是完全正确的。
2．类别形容词
类别形容词常没有级的变化，也不用程度副词修饰。有些类别形容词只能作定语，不能作表语，还有一些作定语和表语都可以。
Tokyo and New York are major financial centres.
东京和纽约是主要的金融中心。
Two of the candidates must be female.
候选人中必须有两名是女性。
3．复合形容词
复合形容词是指由两个或两个以上共同组成并起形容词作用的词，复合形容词主要作定语，一般不作表语，常见的复合形容词主要有以下几种类型：
类型 例词
数词＋名词 5 year,3 week,2 year old，one child，two hour
形容词＋名词＋ed形式 cold blooded，warm hearted，middle aged，blue eyed
形容词/副词＋动词 ing形式 hard working，good looking，ever lasting
名词＋动词 ed形式 man made，snow capped，hand made，heart broken
形容词/副词＋动词 ed形式 newly built，well known，new born，so called
其他 out of date，know it all，child like
二、形容词的排序规则
形容词的一般排序规则如下：
形容词的排序 例词
Quantity or number数量或数字 sixteen，two，twenty five，one hundred and ten
Quality or opinion性质或评述 attractive，amazing，striking，beautiful，handsome，brilliant，delicious
Size大小 enormous，tiny，tall，short
Age年龄 nineteen year old，twenty year old
Shape形状 round，oval
Colour颜色 red，blue，violet，magenta
Origin产地 French，Chinese，Italian，British，American
Material材料 platinum，diamond
也可以用口诀概括：
限定描绘大长高，形状年龄和新老，颜色国籍出材料，作用类别往后靠。
a small Swiss watch 一块瑞士小手表
a large square table 一张大方桌
his new Japanese timing device
他的新式日本计时装置
a beautiful short new red Chinese woollen coat
一件漂亮的中式的新的红羊毛短外套
a pretty little square old black Japanese wooden writing desk
一张旧的很漂亮的黑色的日本式的方形木制小写字桌
达标检测
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Both of them are thoroughly (rely) men，to whom you can turn for help.
2．She felt (encourage) by the letters of support.
3．There are two classes—one for the cleverer students and the other for the (slow) ones.
4．He received a letter of thanks for his donation of books the Shakespeare library.
5．This seems to have corresponded his personality in private life.
6． instant we met him，we realized he must have suffered a lot while studying abroad.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．There are a few .
那里有几张新的黑色法国大圆木桌。
2．Thank you so much.I without your help.
太感谢你了，如果没有你的帮助，我就不会通过这次考试。
3．The new building programme will go ahead the government releases the funds.
政府一拨付资金，新的建筑项目就会动工。
4．The local people lined up to .
当地民众排队给地震灾区捐款。
达标检测答案
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.reliable 2. encouraged 3. slower 4. to 5. to/with 6. The
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.big new round black French tables
2.wouldn’t have passed the examination
3.instantly/the instant
4.donate money to the earthquake stricken area
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