新北师大选择性必修一Unit 1 Relationships Lesson 2& Lesson 3精讲精练（含答案）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Section Ⅱ　Lesson 2 & Lesson 3
[速读课文·理解信息]
Task 1　宏观架构　整体理解
Ⅰ.Read the passage quickly and fill in the following blanks with suitable words.
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Ⅱ.What’s the main idea of the passage
The main idea of the passage is how the social networking apps affect teenagers.
Task 2　微观剖析　细节把握
Choose the best answer.
1．What is Mark busy doing with his phone and laptop
A．Posting updates.
B．Watching TV.
C．Reading his emails and answering text messages.
D．Spending most time on social media.
2．Why does Mark feel lonely
A．Spending most time on social media，he can’t focus on real life.
B．He hasn’t made many friends on social media.
C．In real life，he has no good friends.
D．He doesn’t attend parties and play sports.
3．What’s the main idea of Para.4
A．He has no time to do his homework.
B．Mark’s friends try to drag him away from his phone.
C．Mark’s life is in the control of social networking in so many ways.
D．Mark chases after the next song rather than truly enjoying it.
4．What’s the meaning of “go cold turkey” in the last paragraph but one
A．Eat cold turkey.
B．Stop doing something completely.
C．Being addicted to social networking.
D．Miss appointments or invitations.
答案：DBDC
Activity 1　美句欣赏
Read the passage carefully and find out Mark’s routine activities online
1.post updates on social media
2.check through all his social networking apps
3.read his emails
4.answer text messages
Activity 2　文本讨论
.Discuss with your partner and then answer the following questions.
1．What social networking has done to Mark and Mark’s friends. Read and find the impacts.
答案：
1.Social networking dominates my life in so many ways.
2.I constantly feel depressed, dissatisfied and alone.
3.whether on friends’get-together or a family holiday, we are together physically but not mentally.
2．List the reasons why Mark can’t drop social networking.
答案：
1.afraid to miss some important notices,deadlines,appointments and invitations; hia classmates and teachers may need to contact him at any time.
Activity 3　长句突破　能力提升
1．I have a never ending flow of messages and updates from all the people I associate with online.
[句式分析]　本句为复合句。I have a never ending flow of messages and updates from all the people...是主句；I associate with online是省略了关系词的定语从句。
[自主翻译]　我总是不停地收到交往的网友发来的信息和最新消息。
2．Since I spend so much time socialising online，I keep delaying things that are important in my real life...
[句式分析]　本句为复合句。I keep delaying things...是主句；Since I spend so much time socialising online是since引导的原因状语从句； that are important in my real life是that引导的定语从句。
[自主翻译]　因为我花了很多时间上网社交，所以我一直在推迟现实生活中重要的事情……
3．What is really worrying is that no one I know，including myself，could go cold turkey.
[句式分析]　本句为复合句。What is really worrying is that...是主句；What is really worrying是what引导的主语从句； that no one I know，including myself，could go cold turkey是that引导的表语从句； I know是定语从句，省略了关系词that/who。
[自主翻译]　真正令人担心的是，我认识的每个人，包括我自己，都不能够戒掉互联网瘾。
Task 4　课文语法填空
I have a never ending flow of messages and 1.updates(update) from all the people I associate with online，but I feel lonely.On the surface，I have an active 2.social(society) life.In 3.reality(real)，my mind is always a million miles away.Social networking 4.dominates(dominate) my life in so many ways.I’m so 5.addicted(addict) to it that my friends have to drag me away from my phone.But as soon as I’m alone again，I’m desperate 6.to get(get) back to the online world.Spending so much time socialising online，I keep 7.delaying(delay) things in my real life.So I constantly feel 8.depressed(depress)，dissatisfied and alone.9.What is really worrying is that we can’t go without social networking.We’re hard wired in，10.but we’re more disconnected than ever.
语言学习
第一板块 单词短语
Lesson 2&Lesson3核心考点 讲练互动
提示：例句中加底纹的词汇为本课时的词汇复现，帮助学生及时巩固，循环复习。
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?preference n．喜爱，偏爱，偏好
※have a preference for更喜欢……give preference to给……以优惠；优待in preference to优先于；而不是※prefer v．更喜欢；宁愿prefer (doing) A to (doing) B　与(做)B相比更喜欢(做)Aprefer to do A rather than do B　宁愿做A也不愿做B
(1)As a matter of fact，I have a preference for black tea.事实上，我偏爱红茶。
(2)My nephew told me the company often gave preference(prefer) to the regular customers.
我侄子告诉我这家公司经常给予那些老顾客优惠。
(3)The old woman used to prefer sitting(sit) in the sofa to walking(walk) in the sun.比起在太阳底下散步，这位老太太过去更喜欢坐在沙发上。
[一句多译]
(4)毕竟，所有的孩子都喜欢表扬而不是批评(scold)。
①After all，all kids prefer to be praised rather than be scolded.
②After all，all kids prefer being praised to being scolded.
[高级表达]
(5)Many people choose the train rather than the car to travel.(用preference短语改写)
Many people choose the train in preference to the car to travel.
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?upset adj.心烦意乱的，烦恼的；不安的；不适的
vt.使不安；使心烦意乱，使生气；打翻，碰倒
be/get upset about...对……感到心烦意乱be upset with sb.生某人的气It upsets/upset sb.to do sth.做某事使某人感到不舒服/不安It upsets/upset sb.that...让某人感到不高兴的是……
(1)This presentation is likely to upset a lot of people.
这个报告很可能会使许多人不快。
(2)There is no point in getting upset about the death of the host.为这个主持人的去世难过没有意义。
(3)It upsets me to think(think) of her all alone in that big house.想到她孤身一人守着那栋大房子，我就感到不安。
(4)It extremely upset her that her new suggestion was turned down by the boss.
她的新提议被老板否决了，她很烦躁。
[熟词生义]　写出下列句子中upset的汉语意思
(5)He stood up suddenly，upsetting the soup.打翻
(6)The sudden change of the weather upset our plan for a picnic.打乱；搅乱
注意：upset作动词时，其过去式和过去分词形式均为upset；其现在分词形式为upsetting。
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?account n．账号，账户
※on one’s account 为了某人的缘故※account for解释，是……的原因；(数量或比例上)占※on account of因为，由于on no account决不(位于句首时，句子用部分倒装结构)take sth.into account/take account of sth.考虑到，顾及……
(1)The educationalist raised a couple of practical suggestions on students’ account.
为了学生，这个教育家提出了几个切实可行的建议。
(2)In addition，the social services also account for a large part of public spending.
另外，社会服务也占了一大部分的公共支出。
(3)The host doesn’t drink any wine on account of his health.主人因为健康问题不能喝酒。
(4)On no account should the soldiers be blamed for what happened.
士兵们绝对不该为所发生的事受到责备。
(5)Coursework is also taken into account as well as exam results.
除考试成绩外，课程作业也要考虑进去。
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?desperate adj.绝望的；拼命的
※be desperate for极想要……/渴望得到……be desperate to do sth.极想做某事※desperately adv.绝望地；不顾一切地
(1)The player，my niece，was desperate for the gold medal，but she failed.
这个运动员，我的侄女，极度渴望获得金牌，但她未能如愿。
(2)Occasionally，we are desperate to search(search) for something but it is just under our noses.
偶尔，我们拼命地找某个东西，但是它就在我们的面前(我们却看不见)。
(3)He cut desperately(desperate) at the rope in an attempt to free his foot.
他绝望地割绳子，试图把脚解放出来。
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?appointment n．约定，约会；预约；任命，委派
※have/make/fix an appointment with sb.与某人约会/预约keep an appointment守约※appoint vt.任命；委派appoint sb.(as/to be)．..任命某人为……appoint sb.to do sth.指派某人做某事
(1)I want to see Mr White.We have an appointment.
我想见怀特先生。我们已经约好了。
(2)If you fail to keep the dentist’s appointment(appoint)，you’ll have to pay for it.
如果你和牙医约好时间但到时不去，你得付钱。
(3)He was extremely honored to be appointed as/to be sales manager of the company.
被任命为公司的销售经理，他感到很荣幸。
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?after all毕竟；终究
above all首要，最重要的是first of all首先in all总计all in all总的来说not at all一点也不；别客气
(1)I was dragged out of the host’s bedroom because a bedroom，after all，is a very private space.
我被拉出了主人的卧室，因为，卧室，毕竟是一个非常私密的地方。
(2)Above all，you should try to persuade her to change her incredible bad habits.
最重要的是，你应该尽力说服她改变她的难以置信的坏习惯。
(3)All in all，with the practical action，this activity is successful.
总的来说，有切实可行的做法，这次活动是成功的。
(4)—Thanks for helping me.
—Not at all！I enjoyed it.
——谢谢你帮助我。
——别客气！很高兴能帮助你。
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?intention n．用意；目的，意图；打算
※with the intention of为了，以……为目的/意图※intend vt.计划；打算be intended for专门为……设计/打算be intended to do sth.专门为做某事而设计；旨在做某事intend sb.to do sth.打算让某人做某事intend to do/doing sth.打算做某事，计划做某事
(1)The program was set up with the intention of helping those with bad behaviour.
设立这个项目是为了帮助有不良行为的人们。
(2)His visit is intended to strengthen ties between the two hosts.
他的访问旨在增进两个主办方之间的关系。
(3)The young man intended to be(be) an educationalist in the future，which won his father’s support.这个年轻人打算将来当教育家，这赢得了他父亲的支持。
(4)I had intended to watch the game，but I had something more important to do.
我本打算看这场比赛，但有更重要的事要做。
[高级表达]
(5)The book is intended for little children.It is popular with us.
①The book which/that is intended for little children is popular with us.(用定语从句)
②The book intended for little children is popular with us.(用非谓语动词)
经典句式
...not once did she lift her head to enjoy the view outside her window.
……一次也没有抬起她的头欣赏窗外的景色。
not once 置于句首时要用部分倒装，即将系动词/情态动词/助动词等提到主语前面，其他否定意义的副词neither，nor，never，hardly，seldom，not，little等位于句首时也需部分倒装。
(1)Not once did I have access to attending the presentation of the famous educationalist.
我一次也没有机会参加那个著名教育学家的报告。
(2)I don’t know about his secrets.Nor/Neither do I care.我不知道他的秘密，我也不关心。
(3)If you don’t agree to our plan，neither/nor will they.
如果你们不同意我们的计划，他们也不会同意。
(4)Never has he been to the United States or Canada.
他从未去过美国或加拿大。
(5)Having not seen my nephew for ten years，hardly do I remember what he looks like.十年没见我的侄子了，我几乎记不起他长什么样子了。
第二板块 Skill Builder
阅读技巧——词义猜测
Activity 1　规律探究
词义猜测是应用英语的重要能力，也是高考中必考的题型。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。考生应学会通过构词、定义、同位、对比、因果、常识、同义、反义及上下文线索等确定词义。
一、题型特点与命题方式：
此类题型有逐渐增加的趋势，尤其是猜测词组、句意题。因为猜测词组、句意题涉及题材背景、句子结构、文章主旨、作者的观点态度等。联系主旨、整合上下文信息是解答这类题的关键。近几年阅读理解的生词率略有上升，加大了猜测难度。命题者着重考查考生利用同义或反义关系、构词法、语法和语篇文脉等理解生词的能力。
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1．要求根据阅读材料所提供的信息，结合中学生应有的常识和经验，正确判断生词词组的含义或熟词在特定语境中表达的具体含义以及一些句子的意思。
2．要求猜测词义的词一般为实词及其词组，通过构词、定义、对比、因果、联想、上下文等线索确定词义的具体内容。
3．代词复指理解题也是词义猜测的常考类型。用“逻辑关系梳理法”“逆向寻踪法”理清人物及事物之间的逻辑关系是关键所在。
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The underlined word “...” in the second (third...) paragraph refers to (means) .
By saying that “...” in the first (second...) paragraph，the author means that .
In Paragraph...，“...” can be replaced by “ ”．
The meaning of “...” in Paragraph...is related to .
Which of the following has the closest meaning to...(Paragraph...)
The underlined sentence in the...paragraph probably means that .
二、解题思路与应试技巧：
做这种类型的题，要根据词、词组、句子所在的语境上下文来判断其意义。因此熟练掌握一些猜词技巧是做好这类题的关键。命题者在出这类题时惯用常规词义来麻痹考生，我们要特别注意熟词生义，切不可脱离语境主观臆断。
下面结合近几年高考试题，对词义猜测的技巧加以解读。
1．根据定义或上下文解释进行猜测
有时短文中出现一个需要猜测其意义的词或短语，下面接着出现其定义或解释，这就是判断该词或短语意义的主要依据。例如：
Annealing is a way of making metal softer by heating it and then letting it cool very slowly.
句子给予annealing以明确的定义，即“退火”。
It will be very hard but also very brittle—that is，it will break easily.
从后面that is(也就是说)的解释中我们可以了解到brittle 是“脆”的意思。
The herdsman，who looks after sheep，earns about 650 yuan a year.
定语从句中 looks after sheep 就表明了 herdsman 的词义为“牧人”。
2．根据同位关系进行猜测
阅读中出现的难词有时后面紧跟一个同位语，对前面的词进行解释，这时可利用同位关系对前面或后面的词义或句意进行猜测。例如：
They traveled a long way，at last got to a castle，a large building in old times.
同位语部分a large building in old times 给出了castle 的确切词义，即古时候的“城堡”。
We are on the night shift from midnight to 8 a．m. this week.
两个破折号之间的短语很清楚地表明night shift是“夜班”的意思。
The “Chunnel”，a tunnel(隧道) connecting England and France，is now complete.
此句中a tunnel connecting England and France是Chunnel的同位语。因此，The “Chunnel”就是英法之间的海底隧道。
3．根据构词法(前缀、后缀、复合、派生等)进行猜测
在英语中，有很多词可以在前面加前缀，在后面加后缀，从而构成另一个词，乍看起来，这个词可能是新词，但掌握了一定的构词知识，就不难猜出它的词义。例如：
“Our parties are aimed for children 2 to 10，” Anaclerio said，“and they’re very interactive and creative in that they built a sense of drama based on a subject.”
文中的interactive是由前缀inter (相互的)和active(活动的，活跃的)构成的，同时根据上下文的意思可以判断，该词的含义应是“互动的”。
Perhaps，we can see some possibilities for next fifty years.But the next hundred
possibility 是 possible 的同根名词， 据此可以判断出possibility的意思是“可能性”。
4．根据因果关系进行猜测
在一篇阅读文章中，根据原因可以预测结果，根据结果也可以找出原因。例如：
The lack of movement caused the muscles to weaken.Sometimes the weakness was permanent.So the player could never play the sport again.
从后面的结果“永远不能再运动”中，可以推测 permanent 的意思为“永远的，永久的”。
The low test score，they think，will make it impossible for them to get into a good college.And without a degree from a prestigious university，they fear that many of life’s doors will remain forever closed.
他们认为考试分数低就不可能进入一所好大学，而没有“名校”的毕业文凭，将来生活中的很多大门可能就会对他们永远关闭。由此可推知a prestigious university应是a famous university(名校)。
5．根据上下文的指代关系进行猜测
文章中的代词it，that，he，him 或them可以指上文提到的人或物，其中it和that还可以指一件事。有时代词指代的对象相隔较远，要认真查找；也有时需要对前面提到的内容进行总结，才能得出代词所指代的事。例如：
Like Schmid，the editors of several self published art magazines also champion(捍卫) found photographs.One of them，called simply Found，was born one snowy night in Chicago，when Davy Rothbard returned to his car to find under his wiper(雨刷) an angry note intended for someone else：“Why’s your car HERE at HER place？”
them指的是前面出现的self published art magazines。
However，the question that “moon people” asked is still an interesting one.A growing number of scientists are seriously thinking about it.
it指的是“moon people”所问的问题(the question)。
6．根据同义关系进行猜测
当词或短语之间有并列连词and 或or时，其连接的两项内容在含义上是接近的或递进的，由此确定同等关系中的某个生词所属的义域，由此可推知其大致意思。
7．根据转折或对比关系进行猜测
根据上下句的连接词，如but，however，otherwise等就可以看到前后句在意义上的差别，从而依据某一句的含义，来确定另一句的含义。另外，分号也可以表示转折、对比或不相干的意义。例如：
A child’s birthday party doesn’t have to be a hassle；it can be a basket of fun.
从前后两句的意思可以看出，hassle和a basket of fun肯定是近乎相反的意义。所以不难判断hassle的意思是“困难，麻烦”。
She is usually prompt for all her classes，but today she arrived in the middle of her first class.
but一词表转折，因此but 前后的意思正好相反。后半句的意思是她今天“第一节上了一半才来”，因此反向推理可得出，她平时一向是“准时的”。
提示：题干中加底纹的词汇是本课时或前面课时的词汇复现，帮助学生及时巩固，循环复习。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Not once (do) he give up for lack of experience and confidence.
2．Faced with failure and difficulty， no account should we give in easily.
3．Every morning，I get up early，with the intention of (do) exercise in the park.
4．As a fan of the writer，I am desperate (have) access to getting his latest book.
5．I hurried for the first bus so that I could arrive on time for the (appoint)．
6．What (upset) me most is that sometimes I lack confidence，which results in failure.
7．Though she likes all kinds of music，my niece has a (prefer) for classical music.
8． all，he is a child so that we should give him a chance to make mistakes and correct them.
Ⅱ.完成句子
9．She for her son to see the doctor.
她为儿子约定了看医生的时间。
nobody had bothered to tell him about it.
没有人费心告诉他这件事，这使他心烦意乱。
11．He left England travelling in Africa.
他离开英格兰，打算去非洲旅行。
12．I must say I French movies.
我得说我对法国电影有强烈的偏爱。
13．He a job that he would do anything.
他非常渴望找份工作，什么都愿意干。
参考答案
达标检测
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
did 2. on 3. doing 4. to have 5.appointment 6. upsets 7. preference 8. After
Ⅱ.完成句子
made an appointment
It upset him that
with the intention of
have a strong preference for
13.was so desperate to find/for
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