新北师大选择性必修一Unit 3 Conservation Writing Workshop精讲精练（含答案）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Section Ⅲ　Writing Workshop
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Task 1　微观剖析　细节把握
Read the email.Answer the questions.
1 What is the main topic of the essay
2 What are the main arguments and supporting details used“for"and “against”factory farming
3What is the writer's opinion about factory farming
答案：
1.Factory farming involves keeping farm animals inside buildings to increase the production of meat or eggs. According to an institute, “74% of the world's poultry, 43% of its beef and 68% of its eggs are produced in this way. ”
2.The main argument for factory farming is that, apart from being a lot cheaper than traditional or organic farming, it provides more food for a world population that has already reached seven billion, according to the United Nations. As factory farms do not use many workers, the costs are low and the production is high. Moreover, factory-farmed animals suffer from fewer diseases than those living outside.
On the other hand, opponents of factory farming say that it is cruel to the animals. For instance, many farm animals are kept in small spaces where they can hardly move. People who fight for animal rights claim that these animals suffer terrible stress. In addition to this, factory farming has a negative impact on the environment because it creates a lot of waste products, and uses a lot of chemicals to control insects and drugs to treat diseases(UK Farming Today, 2013).
3.To sum up, despite producing cheap food, factory farming is bad for the planet and for the animals themselves. In my opinion, we should try to reduce this kind of farming, although we would have to pay more for our eggs and meat.
Task 2　宏观理解　构建模板
1.After reading the story on P62，do you know what information should be included in this “for” and “against” essay
Topic: Factory farming
Para. 1 Introduction to the topic
Para. 2 Arguments for the topic
Para. 3 Arguments against the topic
Para. 4 Conclusion (your opinion)
Task 3　精美句式　素材积累
这篇文章中运用了衔接手段，在文中找出这些表达，并积累起来。
providing sources of information According to an institute, “74% of the world's poultry ... are produced in this way”
giving examples For instance, many farm animals are kept in small spaces where they can hardly move.
contrasting statements On the other hand, opponents of factory farming say that it is cruel to the animals. for instance
adding new information In addition to this, factory farming has a negative impact on the environment. Moreover, factory-farmed animals suffer from fewer diseases ...
personal opinions In my opinion, we should try to reduce this kind of farming, although we would have to pay more for our eggs and meat.
Part Ⅱ　Writing—Writing a “For” And “Against” Essay
写作要领 技法指导
本单元的写作任务是辩论性议论文。一般包括四段：
第一段——说明辩论的主题；
第二段——表明正方的观点及其理由；
第三段——表明反方的观点及其理由；
第四段——陈述自己的观点。
(有时也可以分为三段：第一段说明辩论的主题；第二段表明正方和反方的观点及理由；第三段表明作者自己的观点。)
Sentence Builder—Linking Expressions句型构建——衔接语
1．according to：According to an institute，“74% of the world’s poultry...are produced in this way”．
2．moreover: Moreover，factory farmed animals suffer from fewer diseases...
3．on the other hand：On the other hand，opponents of factory farming say that it is cruel to the animals.
4．for instance：For instance，many farm animals are kept in small spaces where they can hardly move.
5．in addition to: In addition to this，factory farming has a negative impact on the environment...
6．in my opinion：In my opinion，we should try to reduce this kind of farming，although we would have to pay more for our eggs and meat.
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介绍讨论的主题(开头句)：
1．We had a discussion about whether it is necessary to...
2．We’ve had a survey on...
3．I’m writing to tell you about a discussion we have had about...
过渡句：
1．Opinions are divided on this issue.
2．Opinions are mainly divided into two groups.
3．Different people，however，have different opinions/think quite differently on this matter.
介绍正方观点：
1．45% of the students hold the view that...For one thing，...For another thing，...
2．60% of the students are for the idea.
介绍反方观点：
On the contrary/However/As the old saying goes，each coin has two sides.Nearly half of the students think that...
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假设你是李华，最近你班就“人类是否应该开展克隆研究”进行了讨论。请根据讨论结果，写一封80词左右的信给某英文报社的编辑来报道此事。
赞成的理由 反对的理由 你的看法
1.挽救濒危动物；2.再造人体器官，用于移植。 1.引起基因不良变异；2.克隆人导致伦理道德混乱。 ……
注意：开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
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写作要求是阐述“人类是否应该开展克隆研究”的讨论结果，写作时应注意下面几点：
1．确定文体：这是一篇议论文。写作时要注意议论文的写作特点。
2．主体时态：文章应以一般现在时为主。
3．主体人称：由于是关于“人类是否应该开展克隆研究”的话题，所以人称应该以第三人称为主。
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第一段：说明讨论的话题——人类是否应该开展克隆研究；
第二段：说明正方和反方的观点及理由；
第三段：表明自己的观点。
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1．执行carry out
2．支持in favour of/be for
3．以及，既...又... as well as
4．反对be against/object (to)
5．引起bring about
6．引起伦理问题raise ethical problems
7．处理deal with/do with
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1．克隆对拯救濒临灭绝的动物有用。
Cloning is useful for saving the endangered animals.
2．克隆有助于研究许多疾病的治疗方法。
Cloning is helpful in researching into the cures for many diseases.
3．克隆可能会提高生命质量。
Cloning might improve the quality of life.
4．克隆可能会有一些坏的身体影响。
Cloning might have some bad physical effects.
5．我个人认为，政府应该认真对待、严密监控克隆问题。
Personally，government should deal with cloning carefully and monitor it closely.
6．我们理解得不够。
We don’t understand enough.
7．克隆在将来会给这个世界带来什么影响？
What effects will cloning have on the world in the future
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1．请把第1、2句话按下面括号内的提示词合成一句话。
(1)Cloning is not only useful for saving the endangered animals，but also helpful in researching into the cures for many diseases.(not only...but also...)
(2)Cloning is helpful in researching into the cures for many diseases as well as useful for saving the endangered animals.(as well as)
2．请把第3、4句话按下面括号内的提示合成一句话。
(1)Cloning might improve the quality of life，but it might have some bad physical effects.(并列句)
(2)Although/Though cloning might improve the quality of life，it might have some bad physical effects.(主从复合句)
3．请把第6、7句话按下面括号内的提示合成一句话。
(1)We don’t understand enough the question what effects cloning will have on the world in the future.(同位语从句)
(2)We don’t understand enough what effects cloning will have on the world in the future.(宾语从句)
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用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句式，再加上联想内容，组成一篇80词左右的英语短文。
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Dear Editor，
Recently our class has had a discussion about whether the clone research should be carried out.
Some of the students are in favour of the clone research.They say cloning is helpful in researching into the cures for many diseases as well as useful for saving the endangered animals.Cloning human cells in a lab could offer perfect organs for patients to transplant.However，others are against it.Although cloning might improve the quality of life，it might bring about some genetic changes，and have some bad physical and psychological effects.It also might raise ethical problems.
Personally，cloning should be dealt with carefully and monitored closely by the government.Because we do not understand enough what effects cloning will have on the world in the future.
Yours，
Li Hua
核心考点 讲练互动
重点词汇
INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\临时用文件\\学习笔记 万冉冉 北师选修必修第一册\\方1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "F:\\幻灯片\\北师大版 选择性必修第一册 万冉冉\\UNIT 3\\方1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "F:\\幻灯片\\北师大版 选择性必修第一册 万冉冉\\UNIT 3\\方1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "I:\\王真\\2021\\同步\\英语\\北师大 选择性必修第一册\\word\\UNIT 3\\方1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "\\\\王真\\i\\王真\\2021\\同步\\英语\\北师大 选择性必修第一册\\全书完整的Word版文档\\UNIT 3\\方1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET The main argument for factory farming is that，apart from being a lot cheaper than traditional or organic farming，it provides more food for a world population that...支持工厂化农业的主要论点是，除了比传统或有机农 业便宜得多，它还为世界人口提供了更多的食物……
?argument n．争论；争辩；争吵；论点
※have an argument with sb.about/over sth.就某事与某人争吵※argue v．争论；辩论；讨论argue with sb.over/about sth.因某事与某人争吵/争论argue for/against据理赞成/反对……argue that...主张……，认为……argue sb.into/out of doing sth.说服某人做/不做某事
(1)He had an argument with his wife yesterday.Do you know what had affected him
昨天他跟妻子吵了一架，你知道什么影响了他吗？
(2)Most of the members argued for his plan，which made him satisfied.
大多数成员支持他的计划，这让他很满意。
(3)They are arguing with their classmates about/over the solution to the problem.
他们就这个问题的解决方案与同学们进行着辩论。
[一句多译]
(4)他们说服他改变了主意。
①They argued him into changing his mind.(argue)
②They persuaded him into changing/to change his mind.(persuade)
③They talked him into changing his mind.(talk)
INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\临时用文件\\学习笔记 万冉冉 北师选修必修第一册\\方2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "F:\\幻灯片\\北师大版 选择性必修第一册 万冉冉\\UNIT 3\\方2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "F:\\幻灯片\\北师大版 选择性必修第一册 万冉冉\\UNIT 3\\方2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "I:\\王真\\2021\\同步\\英语\\北师大 选择性必修第一册\\word\\UNIT 3\\方2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "\\\\王真\\i\\王真\\2021\\同步\\英语\\北师大 选择性必修第一册\\全书完整的Word版文档\\UNIT 3\\方2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET Moreover，factory farmed animals suffer from fewer diseases than those living outside.
此外，工厂化养殖的动物比生活在外面的动物患的疾病要少。
?suffer from遭受；忍受；患病
※suffer vt.& vi.遭受，蒙受；受苦，受难suffer loss/pain遭受损失/痛苦※suffering n．痛苦，疼痛；苦难；折磨※sufferer n．患病者；受苦者；受难者
[易混辨析]　suffer，suffer from
※suffer指“遭受痛苦、损失，忍受侮辱”等，其宾语通常为pain，loss，damage，punishment，defeat，hardship，discouragement，disappointment等抽象名词。
※suffer from指“遭受战争、自然灾害等带来的苦难及患病之苦”，其后常接表示疾病或造成不幸或痛苦的事物的名词。
注意：二者一般不用于被动语态。
[图解助记]
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(1)As far as I know，he has ever suffered from a serious illness.据我所知，他曾患有严重的疾病。
(2)The old man is said to have gone through countless sufferings(suffer) during the war.
据说这位老人在战争期间经历了各种痛苦。
(3)So far，the people in this country have suffered a lot because of the war.
到目前为止，这个国家的人民因战争遭受了很多苦难。
INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\临时用文件\\学习笔记 万冉冉 北师选修必修第一册\\方3.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "F:\\幻灯片\\北师大版 选择性必修第一册 万冉冉\\UNIT 3\\方3.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "F:\\幻灯片\\北师大版 选择性必修第一册 万冉冉\\UNIT 3\\方3.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "I:\\王真\\2021\\同步\\英语\\北师大 选择性必修第一册\\word\\UNIT 3\\方3.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "\\\\王真\\i\\王真\\2021\\同步\\英语\\北师大 选择性必修第一册\\全书完整的Word版文档\\UNIT 3\\方3.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET Reduced rainfall in Canada resulted in a huge forest fire in May 2016.加拿大降雨量减少导致2016年5月发生了一场巨大的森林火灾。
?result in产生，导致(＝cause/lead to)
result from由于；由……造成as a result结果，因此as a result of作为……的结果；因为……
(1)His carelessness resulted in the academic accident.
＝The academic accident resulted from his carelessness.
他的粗心导致了这次学术上的事故。
(2)As a result，people will eat more food to try to make up for something missing.结果，人们会吃更多的食物来尽量补上缺失的东西。
INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\临时用文件\\学习笔记 万冉冉 北师选修必修第一册\\方4.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "F:\\幻灯片\\北师大版 选择性必修第一册 万冉冉\\UNIT 3\\方4.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "F:\\幻灯片\\北师大版 选择性必修第一册 万冉冉\\UNIT 3\\方4.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "I:\\王真\\2021\\同步\\英语\\北师大 选择性必修第一册\\word\\UNIT 3\\方4.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "\\\\王真\\i\\王真\\2021\\同步\\英语\\北师大 选择性必修第一册\\全书完整的Word版文档\\UNIT 3\\方4.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET This has mainly been caused by the huge amounts of carbon dioxide produced by factories and vehicles.这主要是由工厂和车辆产生的大量二氧化碳造成的。
?amount n．数量；金额 v．总计；共计；等于；相当于
※“a large amount of＋不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。“large amounts of＋不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。※amount to总计为……；等于……
(1)People affected by the disaster have had a large amount of help from people all over the world.
受灾害影响的人民得到了全世界人们的大量帮助。
(2)A large amount of damage has been done(do) to the city in a very short time.
短时间内，这个城市受到了大量的破坏。
(3)The cost of the book amounted to ￡250.
这本书的费用共计250英镑。
[联想发散]　表示“大量的”短语还有：a large number of，a great deal of，a lot of，plenty of，a large quantity of 等。
①a great deal of只能修饰不可数名词；
②a large number of只能修饰可数名词复数；
③a lot of，plenty of，a large quantity of既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词。
经典句式
As factory farms do not use many workers，the costs are low and the production is high.
因为工厂化农场用工不多，所以成本低，产量高。
※As factory farms...为as引导的原因状语从句，as在此表示“因为，由于”。※as作从属连词的其他用法总结：①引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候；随着……；一边……一边……”。②引导方式状语从句，表示“按照，如，像”。③引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管，虽然”，但要用部分倒装结构。④引导比较状语从句，表示“像……一样地”。
[一词多义]　写出下列句子中as的汉语意思
(1)The consumer smiled politely as the boss apologized for his carelessness.当……的时候
(2)Hot as the night air was，we slept deeply because we were so tired.虽然
(3)As he was busy，he had no time to play with his children.由于，因为
(4)You’d better do as the teacher has told you.按照
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Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．When I was a child，I always suffered a bad cold.
2． darkness closed about them，they decided to return home.
3．As we all know，stress and tiredness often result varied problems.
4．It took the designer a long time to cool down after the (argue)．
5．A large amount of money (waste) on this project already.
6．We didn’t see anything all day，apart a historic temple in the mountain.
Ⅱ.完成句子
7．我说服她不在这样糟糕的天气下动身。(argue)
8．据说，该地区有很多人在挨饿受冻。(suffer from)
9．毫无疑问，你的成功是你努力工作的结果。 (result)
10．当我走近时，其中一位将手指放在嘴唇上，示意我别出声。(as)
达标检测
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
from 2. As 3. in 4.argument 5. has been wasted 6.from
Ⅱ.完成句子
7.I argued her out of setting off in such bad weather.
8.It is said that many people in this area are suffering from hunger and cold.
9.Without doubt，your success has resulted from your hard work.
10.As I approached，one of them put his finger to his lips，signing to me to remain silent.
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