2024年广东省中考英语总复习代词课件(共74张PPT)

(共74张PPT)
模块一　词类
第四节　代词
　　分析广东近几年的中考真题可知，代词为每年的必考点，主要出现在语法选择和短文填空中。
人称代词、物主代词、反身代词
一、形式变化表
类别 人称和数 人称代词 物主代词
主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性
第一人称 单数 I me my mine
复数 we us our ours
第二人称 单数 you you your yours yourself
复数 you you your yours yourselves
类别 人称和数 人称代词 物主代词
主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性
第三人称 单数 he him his his himself
she her her hers herself
it it its its itself
复数 they them their theirs themselves
二、人称代词的用法
1.人称代词的形式
形式 用法 示例
主格 主格用作主语，动词前面用主格 I didn’t see him yesterday and I was really worried about him.我昨天没有看到他，我真的很担心他。
宾格 宾格用作宾语或表语，动词或介词之后用宾格
【注】在比较级中，than后面既可以用主格，也可以用宾格。
2.人称代词的排列顺序
人称代词主宾格，作用不同莫用错。主格动词前做主，动词介词后宾格。
you和it主宾同，其他主宾须分清。人称代词并列现，尊重他人礼当先。
单数人称二三一，复数人称一二三。若把错误责任担，第一人称我靠前。
三、物主代词的分类及用法
分类 用法 示例
形容词性物主代词 相当于形容词，置于名词前作定语 My books are on the desk.Where are yours？ （yours＝your books） 我的书在书桌上。你的（书）在哪儿？
名词性物主代词 相当于名词，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、连用of作定语，不能用于名词前，须单独使用。为了避免重复，常用来代替前面已经提及的名词，相当于“形容词性物主代词＋名词”，即：形代＋名词＝名代
四、反身代词的用法
反身代词与被指代的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致，意为“本人、本身”。
用法 示例
反身代词可以在句中作宾语、表语、同位语 作宾语： My brother is too young to dress himself.我弟弟太小了，不能自己穿衣服。
作表语： The ones who really want it are ourselves.真正想要它的是我们自己。
作宾语同位语： You had better ask the doctor himself.你最好问问医生本人。
作主语同位语： Mrs.Brown herself is a teacher.布朗太太本人就是一名老师。
用法 示例
常见搭配 enjoy oneself 玩得高兴；look after oneself 照顾自己；lose oneself in 陶醉于……；
help oneself to 自取；自用；（all） by oneself （完全）独立地；
teach oneself＝learn … by oneself自学；leave sb.by oneself把某人单独留下
【注】反身代词必须要与被指代人在人称和数上保持一致，意为“某人自己”。如：You must finish the homework by yourself.你必须自己完成作业。
（　B　）1.（2022广东语法选择节选）Years went by.Finally， 　　　　 hard work paid off.She got into a famous college and started her life as a Beijing Opera actress.
A.she B.her C.hers
（　A　）2.Judie decided to ask her dad for help as it was 　　　　 first time to make a kite.
A.her B.hers C.she
B
A
3.Nobody taught the old lady how to use WeChat.She learned it all by 　herself　 .
4.Boxing Day，the 26th of December，got 　its　 （it） name from a time when many rich families gave boxes of gifts to poor people who had to work at Christmas.
5.—Your spoken English is perfect！
—Thank you.I think 　yours　 （you） is better.You read English every morning.
herself　
its　
yours　
6.—Who is that tall man over there？
—Oh，he is 　our　 teacher and he teaches 　us　 geography.（we）
our　
us　
不定代词
1.some与any
两者都意为“一些”，可以修饰或代替可数名词复数及不可数名词。
词汇 用法 示例
some some常用于肯定句中 I want to buy some bananas，but I don’t have any money with me.Can you lend me some？ 我想买一些香蕉，但我没有钱。你能借给我一些（钱）吗？
any any常用于否定句和疑问句中。any用于肯定句时表示“任何（一个）”
【注】（1）表示请求或建议时，一般疑问句中还用some。 （2）在“Could/Would you …？”表达委婉语气并希望得到对方肯定回答的问句中仍然使用some。
2.many与much
词汇 用法 示例
many 修饰或代替可数名词复数 Mr.Smith has taught for many years，so he has much experience in teaching.史密斯先生已经教学很多年了，所以他教学经验丰富。
much 修饰或代替不可数名词
3.few，a few，little与a little
肯定 否定 用法 示例
a few（一些；几个） few（很少） 修饰或代替可数名词复数 Peter has a few good friends，but few of them can speak English.彼得有一些好朋友，但他们中几乎没有人会说英语。
肯定 否定 用法 示例
a little （一点儿；少量） little（很少） 修饰或代替不 可数名词　　 There is a little meat in the fridge.Let’s cook it with potatoes tonight.冰箱里还有点儿肉。今晚我们用土豆炒肉吧。（够吃，表肯定）
There is little meat in the fridge，so we should buy some.冰箱里没什么肉了，所以我们应该再买点。（不够吃，表否定）
【注】表示不够用、不够吃、不够、不怎么样的时候，需要另外买、另外怎么样的时候用表示否定的不定代词。
4.both，all，either，neither，none与no one
分类 词汇 用法 示例
表示两者 both “两者都”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数。常用搭配：both … and …； both of … Both Jack and Tom are good at English.杰克和汤姆都擅长英语。
分类 词汇 用法 示例
表示两者 either “两者中的任一个”（二选一），作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。常用搭配：either … or …意为“要么……要么……；或者……或者……”，连接两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近一致”原则。还可用于of短语中 Either you or I am going there tomorrow.要么是你要么是我明天去那里。
Either of the twins has already come.这对双胞胎中的一个已经来了。
分类 词汇 用法 示例
表示两者 neither “两者中没有一个”，作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。常用搭配：neither … nor … 意为“既不……也不……；……和……都不”，连接两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近一致”原则 Neither Lily nor John likes the movie.It’s too boring.莉莉和约翰都不喜欢这部电影。它太无聊了。
分类 词汇 用法 示例
表示三者或三者以上 all “都；全部”，指三者或三者以上的人或物（≥3）。作主语时，谓语动词用复数 All of them take part in the dancing competition.他们都参加舞蹈比赛了。
分类 词汇 用法 示例
表示三者或三者以上 none “没有一个”，可指代可数名词复数或不可数名词，指代可数名词复数时，指三者或三者以上的人或物（≥3）。作主语时，谓语动词用单复数皆可。其后常接of短语，构成“none of＋名词/代词”结构。常用来回答how many/how much引导的问句 None of us are/is going to tomorrow’s speech contest because we are all too busy with our maths test.我们中没有人去明天的演讲比赛，因为我们都在忙着数学测试。
分类 词汇 用法 示例
表示三者或三者以上 no one no one＝nobody，意为“没有人”。只能指人，表示三者或三者以上全部否定，其后不接of短语。作主语时，谓语动词用单数。常用来回答who引导的问句，只能作单数使用，不能作复数 —Who often goes fishing on weekends？谁在周末经常去钓鱼？
—No one.没有人。
【注】“在路的两边”有两种表达方式：（1）on both sides of the road；（2）on either side of the road。
5.each与every
词汇 用法 范围 示例
each 指代或修饰可数名词单数，强调个体，用作形容词或代词，可单独使用。后面可接of短语。作主语时，谓语动词用单数 ≥2 Every student in our school works hard and each of them has a computer.我们学校的每个学生都努力学习，并且他们每个人都有一台电脑。
词汇 用法 范围 示例
every 修饰可数名词单数，强调整体，只作定语，不可单独使用，不接of短语。修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数 ≥3 Every student in our school works hard and each of them has a computer.我们学校的每个学生都努力学习，并且他们每个人都有一台电脑。
6.other，the other，others，the others与another
词（组） 用法 示例
other 作形容词，意为“别的；其他的”，后面接名词 Jim didn’t run fast enough to catch up with other runners.吉姆跑得不够快，赶不上其他跑步者。
词（组） 用法 示例
the other 表示两者中的“另一个”。常用搭配：one … the other …意为“一个……另一个……” Can you help me move the chair to the other side？ 你能帮我把椅子移到另一边吗？
词（组） 用法 示例
the other 后面可接数词或可数名词复数，特指“其他的”，这时other是形容词 I’d like three bowls of noodles.One is for myself and the other two are for my parents.我要三碗面条。一碗是我自己的，其他两碗是我父母的。
others others＝other＋可数名词复数。不作定语。作代词，泛指“其他的人或物”。常用搭配：some … others …意为“有的……，有的……”
词（组） 用法 示例
the others the others＝the other＋可数名词复数。特指在一个范围内，除去一部分后剩余的全部
another 可作形容词或代词，意为“另一个”，指三个或三个以上的另一个，只能代替或修饰单数可数名词 Another new theme park will be completed in our city.我市将建成另一个新的主题公园。
词（组） 用法 示例
another another＋数字＋可数名词复数＝数字＋more＋可数名词复数，意为“另外……；再来……” I still need another three days/three more days to finish the work.我还需要三天完成这项工作。
7.复合不定代词
（1）复合不定代词的构成
-body -one -thing
every- everybody everyone everything
some- somebody someone something
any- anybody anyone anything
no- nobody no one nothing
【注】everywhere，somewhere，anywhere，nowhere为副词。
（2）复合不定代词的用法
①当形容词修饰不定代词时，形容词必须放在其后，即：不定代词＋形容词。如：
There is something interesting in the book.书中有些有趣的事情。
②不定代词只能作主语、宾语和表语，不能作定语。作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。如：
Someone has turned off the light.有人把灯关了。
③不定代词＋to do。如：
Would you like something to drink？ 你想喝点什么吗？
④everyone相当于everybody，anyone相当于anybody，只能指人，不与of连用。every one与any one既可以指人，也可以指物，后面可接of短语。如：
Everyone in our class wants to go to the zoo，but every one of the students in your class wants to play football.我们班的每个人都想去动物园，但是你们班的每个学生都想踢足球。
（　A　）7.（2022广州语法选择节选改编）Sometimes，I would draw pictures of 　　　　 fish and sea plants and tape them to the side of the tank（鱼缸），…
A.other B.others C.the other
（　B　）8.Deep in the forest lives David，who loves books.As soon as he reads one book，he brings home 　　　　 .
A.other B.another C.the other
A
B
9.—Is 　everybody/everyone　 here？
—Yes.We are all ready.
10.Jenny， 　someone/somebody　 is knocking at the door.Go and look who it is.
11.—Which dress do you prefer，the red one or the green one？
— 　Neither　 . I like blue.
everybody/everyone　
someone/somebody　
Neither　
12.Jim’s teacher is very angry because there are too 　many　 mistakes in his homework.
13.I know 　little/nothing　 about her experience because we don’t talk with each other often.
14.This is a good place for parking.You can park your car on 　either　 side of the street.
15.There is 　something　 funny in the e and see.
many　
little/nothing　
either　
something　
16.—Four children were walking under a small umbrella，but 　none　 of them got wet.Can you guess why？
—Because it was not raining！
17.There are five exercises，and 　each　 of them takes one or two minutes to do.
each　
none　
指示代词
1.指示代词this，that，these与those的用法
词汇 用法 示例
this（单数） 一般用来指在时间或空间上较近的人或物 This is my brother Bob and these are my parents.这是我的哥哥（弟弟）鲍勃，这两位是我的父母。
these（复数）
词汇 用法 示例
that（单数） 一般用来指在时间或空间上较远的人或物 That is my pen.Those are her rulers.那个是我的钢笔。那些是她的尺子。
those（复数）
Tip： 打电话时用this介绍自己，用that询问对方。如：
Hello！ This is Mary.Is that Jack speaking？ 你好，我是玛丽。是杰克吗？
2.it，one与that的用法辨析
三者均可作代词，指代前文提到的事物，其区别如下：
词汇 用法 示例
it 表特指。代替上文出现的可数名词单数，指的是同一事物 Tom had a new mobile phone.I wanted to borrow it to play，but he didn’t agree.Finally，I decided to buy a new one.汤姆有一部新手机。我想借它来玩，但是他不同意。最后，我决定买部新的。
词汇 用法 示例
one 表泛指。代替上文出现的可数名词单数，指的是同类事物中的其中一个，相当于“a/an＋可数名词单数”，复数形式为ones Tom had a new mobile phone.I wanted to borrow it to play，but he didn’t agree.Finally，I decided to buy a new one.汤姆有一部新手机。我想借它来玩，但是他不同意。最后，我决定买部新的。
词汇 用法 示例
that 表特指。代替上文出现的不可数名词或可数名词单数，常用在than引导的比较级或者as … as …引导的原级中，相当于“the＋前面出现的不可数名词或可数名词单数”。若指可数名词复数要用those The pen you bought is cheaper than that he bought.你买的钢笔比他买的钢笔便宜。
The flowers on the left are more beautiful than those on the right.左边的花比右边的花更美丽。
it的其他用法
（1）指天气、时间、地点、距离等。如：
It’s getting hotter and hotter.天气变得越来越热。
How far is it from Guangzhou to London？ 广东到伦敦有多远？
（2）作形式宾语，常用在“find/think/make/feel it＋adj.（＋for sb.）＋to do sth.”句型中，动词不定式是真正的宾语。如：
I find it very important to learn English.我发现学英语很重要。
（3）指代婴儿、未知的人或用在电话用语中。如：
—Someone is at the door.门口有人。
—Who is it？ 谁呀？
（4）作形式主语，常用于以下句型：
It’s＋adj.＋to do sth.做某事是……的。
It’s＋adj.＋for sb.＋to do sth.对某人来说做某事是……的。
It’s＋adj.＋of sb.＋to do sth.某人做某事是……的。
It’s said/reported/believed that …据说/报道/认为……
It seems that … 好像……
It takes/took （sb.）＋一段时间＋to do sth.做某事花费（某人）多长时间。
18.See the cupcakes on the plate？ But you can only take 　one　 . Dinner is ready soon.
19. 　It　 is not polite to talk with your mouth full.
20.How cold here！The weather in Guangyuan is much colder than
　that　 in your hometown.
21.I find 　it　 helpful to improve my listening by watching English movies.
one　
It　
that　
it　
疑问代词
常用的疑问代词包括what，which，who，whom，whose等。疑问代词用于特殊疑问句中，充当一定的句子成分，如：主语、表语、宾语等。
词汇 用法 示例
what 指物，意为“什么” What did you tell Tom just now？ 你刚才告诉汤姆什么了？
What color is your ruler？ 你的尺子是什么颜色？
词汇 用法 示例
which 指物，意为“哪一个”，可单独使用，也可修饰名词 Which is their house？ 哪一所房子是他们的？
Which sport do you like better，swimming or running？ 你更喜欢哪项运动，游泳还是跑步？
词汇 用法 示例
who 指人，意为“谁”。who在句中可作主语、宾语、表语；whom只作动词或介词的宾语 Whom/Who were you talking with？ 你（们）在和谁谈话？
whom
whose 指人或物，意为“谁的”，可作定语或表语 Whose car were they in？ 他们坐在谁的车里？
Whose is this blue T-shirt？ 这件蓝色的T恤衫是谁的？
22.— 　What　 does May look like？
—She is a pretty girl with big bright eyes and long straight hair.
23.— 　Whose　 volleyball is this？
—It must be Grace’s.She loves volleyball.
What　
Whose　
分析广东近四年的中考语法选择可知，代词考查了4次{人称代词考查了1次：2021（33.It）；形容词性物主代词考查了3次：2023（32.his），2022（40.her），2020（35.her）}。本考点在中考中的考查方式主要有：（1）在名词前，考形代；（2）在动词/介词后，考宾格；（3）作主语，考主格；（4）在句末，考宾格、反身代词、名代。针对该考点，考生需要根据句式结构和上下文语境，分析代词所在的位置，看清词性；若选项有反身代词，看清楚句子的主语，一般情况下，主语是谁，就用谁来反身，还要注意常见的固定搭配。
一、代词在语法选择中的运用
1.句式结构与上下文判断法
（2023广东）At the age of seven，David had 　32　 first astronaut（宇航员） training experience.
（　　）32.A.he B.him C.his
解析：句意：七岁时，David有了他的第一次宇航员训练经历。修饰名词“experience”用形容词性物主代词，表示“他的”经历。故选C。
2.固定搭配法
（2021广东）Workers started to build the bridge in May，2018. 　33　 cost $2.8 million and took over two years to complete.
（　　）33.A.It B.Its C.They D.Theirs
解析：空处指代的是上文出现的“build the bridge”，且根据后面的“to complete”可知，此处为“It takes/took （sb.）＋一段时间＋to do sth.”句型。故选A。
（改编自人教八下Unit 4 Section B 2b）Life for Cathy Taylor’s three children is very busy.“On most days after school，” Cathy says，“I take one of my two boys to basketball practice and my daughter to football training.Then I have to take my 　24　 son to piano lessons.I believe these activities are important for my children’s future.I really want 　25　 to be successful.”
（　A　）24.A.other B.the other C.others
（　B　）25.A.they B.them C.he
A
B
二、代词在短文填空中的运用
分析广东近五年的中考短文填空可知，代词考查了7次{人称代词考查了3次：2023（66.it），2022（75.it），2021（66.him）；形容词性物主代词考查了2次：2020（74.their），2019（74.his）；疑问代词考查了1次：2020（69.what）；不定代词考查了1次：（75.more）}。针对该考点，考生需要根据上下文语境，判断代词在句中所作的成分，还要注意常见的固定搭配。
句式结构与上下文判断法
1.人称代词作宾语，用在动词后
it　either　be　because　what　else　by　invent　clean　popular　habit　hundred
（2023广东）There is a small thing we use every day.We usually put 66. 　　　　 in the bathroom.
解析：空处指代前文出现的“a small thing”，且该空位于动词后，作宾语。故填it。
2.形容词性物主代词作定语，用在名词前
（2020广东）Although it was only a 73. 　little　 money，she helped 12 kids with it！ She felt very excited when she saw smiles on 74. 　　　　 faces.
解析：由空后名词“faces”可知，空处应填一个形容词性物主代词；由上文“12 kids”可知，该形容词性物主代词应为复数形式，故填their。
3.形容词性物主代词作定语，用在固定搭配中
In order to save the old village，Grandpa Huang painted on the walls of 74. 　　　　 own house and other houses.
解析：one’s own“某人自己的”，其中one’s指代的是形容词性物主代词。由上文“Grandpa Huang”可知，空处应用he的形容词性物主代词形式his。故填his。
附：常见的形容词性物主代词的固定搭配
固定搭配 意义 固定搭配 意义
do one’s homework 做作业 take one’s temperature 量体温
do/try one’s best 尽某人最大努力 take one’s time 不着急；慢慢来
keep one’s word 信守承诺 in one’s opinion 在某人看来
make up one’s mind to do sth. 下定决心做某事 on one’s own 独自
save one’s life 挽救某人的生命 to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是
（改编自人教九全Unit 8 Section A 3a）We live in a small town and almost everyone knows each 26. 　other　 . Nothing much ever happened around here.However，these days，27. 　something　 unusual is happening in our town.Everyone in our town is feeling uneasy，and everyone has 28. 　his　 or her own ideas.
other　
something　
his　
一、混用表示两者和三者的不定代词。
1.Don’t be angry with your deskmate when he makes a mistake again because 　none　 （neither/none） of us are perfect after all.
2.There are two bedrooms in the house， 　each　 （each/every） with its own bathroom.
3.Frank has two brothers. 　Neither　 （neither/none） of them likes chocolate，but Frank loves it.
none　
each　
Neither　
4.If 　all　 the plants on the earth die， 　both　 humans and animals won’t be able to live.（all/both）
5.I don’t like the style of this T-shirt.Please show me 　another　 one.
6.Which of the following words has a different sound from the
　others　 ？
all　
both　
another　
others　
二、混用it，one和that。
7.Is the population of Guangdong Province larger than 　that　 of Yunnan Province？
8.—I lost my pen and I couldn’t find 　it　 anywhere.
—There are many pens in the box.Just take 　one　 .
that　
it　
one　
三、不定代词易错点。
9.Chicken is my favorite food.I think 　nothing　 is more delicious than chicken.
10.Jim sold most of his things.He has hardly 　anything　 left in the house.
nothing　
anything　
根据句意用适当的代词填空
1.I want to drink some water，but there is 　little　 in my bottle.I need to get some now.
2.I want 　some　 more juice，but there isn’t 　any　 left now.
3.—I bought a skirt for 　you　 . I hope you like it.
—Thank you，mom.I can’t wait to try 　it　 on.
little　
some　
any　
you　
it　
4.—Lily，is this blue pencil box Steve’s？
—No，it isn’t. 　His　 is black.
5.—The watch in your hand looks nice.Is it 　yours　 ？
—Yes，but I will give it to Kate as 　her　 birthday present.
6.（2023辽宁大连改编）The teacher often tells us not to laugh at
　others　 .It’s rude.
7.Tai Chi，part of Chinese culture，is an exercise which helps people improve 　themselves　 in health.
His　
yours　
her　
others　
themselves　
8.（2023辽宁抚顺改编）—Bob，what’s your dream job，a doctor or a teacher？
— 　Neither　 . I want to be a policeman.
Neither　
9.I knocked at the door but 　nobody　 answered.Maybe they went to the concert.
10.（2023四川雅安改编）—Mr.Brown，I find 　it　 hard to learn English well.
—Come on！Practice makes perfect.
nobody　
it　
一、语法选择
Today，I felt unhappy with 　1　 head full of problems，so I decided to take a walk even though I didn’t know where I would go.The most amazing thing happened when I was walking along the street.
I saw 　2　 old man，over seventy years old，sitting on a chair.He was a seller of second-hand shoes.He seemed so helpless and 　3　 was buying his shoes.Then，a little girl came towards him.I heard the girl say in a polite voice，“Grandfather，may I clean 　4　 shoes？” That old man agreed and passed her a shoe.The girl said，“I do this because I want to earn 　5　 money to buy my brother a new school uniform.”
I heard this and tears came to my eyes.To 　6　 surprise，the old man said，“Oh，little girl，just stop doing e with me and I will buy 　7　 for you.”To see what would happen，I followed. 　8　 walked to a shop.There the old man really gave her a uniform which must have cost 　9　 a lot.The girl was excited and said，“Thank you so much 　10　 doing this.”Then she left，leaving the old man smiling.
I began to realize that a little act can brighten up someone’s day.
（　B　）1.A.I B.my C.mine
（　C　）2.A./ B.a C.an
（　C　）3.A.somebody B.anybody C.nobody
（　B　）4.A.you B.your C.yours
（　A　）5.A.some B.any C.little
（　C　）6.A.I B.me C.my
（　B　）7.A.it B.one C.that
（　A　）8.A.They B.Them C.Their
（　B　）9.A.he B.him C.his
（　C　）10.A.to B.with C.for
B
C
C
B
A
C
B
A
B
C
二、短文填空
Travel can teach kids more than a textbook.Traveling with kids is good for 1. 　them　 . They can find new interests.Travel makes information alive for kids，and makes 2. 　it　 much more exciting than studying textbooks or doing experiments in the lab.While traveling，they learn how to deal with new situations.They learn patience，because sometimes 3. 　it　 takes a long time to get to some exciting or interesting places.
them　
it　
it　
I’ve been traveling since I was seven years old.For 4. 　me　 ，to stop traveling would be like taking something away from my soul（灵魂）.I can’t live 5. 　without　 traveling and I wouldn’t be who I am if I don’t travel.Some people think 6. 　it　 is difficult to travel after having kids.But in 7. 　my　 opinion，when people become parents，it doesn’t mean they couldn’t travel any more.My children have been traveling since they were three weeks old.
me　
without　
it　
my　
Bringing a new life into the world comes with many responsibilities（责任）.One of my duties is to educate my children.I’m very thankful to 8. 　my　 parents for taking me on family trips when I was young.I’ve learned that 9. 　the　 outside world is more colorful than the little one I was living in.Of course，I want to pass these travel experiences on to my children.
I value the memories of traveling with my children.I’m sure 10.
　they　 will always remember them in their lives.
my　
the　
they