2024年广东省中考英语一轮复习课件：主题九 科学与技术 主题阅读课件(共46张PPT)

(共46张PPT)
主题九　科学与技术
主题阅读
语法选择
词数：202　　体裁：记叙文　　标签：交通方式的变迁　　建议用时：6 mins
I grew up in Pudong, Shanghai. As a child, I 　1　 most of my days in my own hometown. But one day, I read 　2　 Gongqing Forest Park（共青森林公园） is in Puxi, the other side of the city in the newspapers. However, it was very hard to visit it at that time.
Things changed 　3　 in 2009, when Subway Line 8 came to my town. And even more subway lines 　4　 in Pudong. It is now easy for me 　5　 to the forest park — and beyond to many other places in Puxi.
For people, it’s 　6　 than before. In the past, a classmate of mine had to get up at 4 to catch the first bus. And then she could get to school 　7　 time every morning. That’s because she lived fourteen kilometers away from the school. 　8　 now, my teachers tell me that many of their students live far away. Of course, thanks to the subway.
In May 2023, Shanghai Subway celebrated its 　9　 birthday. As we get on our subway trains every morning, we might also ask 　 10　 : What “impossibilities” in our own lives can we turn into “possibilities” Let’s try to make the world better.
（　C　）1. A. spend B. is spending C. spent时态
（　B　）2. A. why B. that C. what宾语从句引导词
（　B　）3. A. complete B. completely C. completeness副词
（　C　）4. A. built B. are built C. were built被动语态
（　C　）5. A. get B. getting C. to get
（　B　）6. A. convenient B. more convenient
C. the most convenient形容词
（　A　）7. A. on B. at C. by介词
（　B　）8. A. So B. But C. And连词
（　C　）9. A. thirty B. thirties C. thirtieth数词
（　C　）10. A. us B. our C. ourselves不定式
C
时态
B
宾语从句引导词
B
副词
C
被动语态
C
动词不定式
B
形容词
A
介词
B
连词
C
数词
C
代词
语法选择
语篇研读
价值引领
What do you think of the change of Shanghai Subway？
It makes people’s life more convenient and they can get anywhere faster than before. / ...
主题词汇复现
most, hometown, change, far, away
In the past, a classmate of mine had to get up at 4 to catch
状语
the first bus.
a classmate of mine
had to get up
at 4 to catch
the first bus.
长难句分析
写作积累
It’s ＋ adj. ＋ for sb. to do sth. 对于某人来说做某事……
thanks to 多亏了
主语
谓语
完形填空
词数：231　　体裁：记叙文　　标签：桂海潮圆了自己的飞天梦　　建议用时：6 mins
“Professor（教授）, you will be away on business for five months ” a student asked.
“Yes. Make sure you hand in your papers on time. I’ll be 　1　 you from high above.”
This isn’t just a joke. It’s based on a real event. It’s right before Shenzhou XVI 　2　 space. One of the astronauts, a man wearing glasses, drew immediate attention. His name is Gui Haichao. He 　3　 as a college professor.
Gui showed a strong interest in 　4　 from an early age. One of his favorite books was The Encyclopedia for Children and Teenagers（《少年儿童百科全书》）. He learnt a lot about 　5　 from it. In 2003, Yang Liwei became the first Chinese man to travel into space. Gui was 　6　 about the news. And he dreamt of one day going into space himself.
With this dream in mind, Gui studied harder. Two years later, he 　7　 entered Beihang University to study space science. In 2017, he became one of the 　8　 space science professors in China as he was only 31 years old.
Gui 　9　 forgot his dream of going into space. When China asked college researchers to join in the program in 2018, Gui 　10　 to join the project at once. The training was hard. But there was nothing that could keep him from living out his lifelong dream.
（　B　）1. A. missing想念 B. watching看
C. interviewing采访 D. telling告诉
（　A　）2. A. went into进入 B. ran into偶然遇到
C. looked into调查 D. broke into闯入
（　A　）3. A. works工作 B. studies学习
C. dreams做梦 D. talks交谈
（　D　）4. A. geography地理 B. math数学
C. history历史 D. science科学
（　C　）5. A. nature自然 B. business商业
C. space太空 D. culture文化
B
想念
看
采访
告诉
A
进入
偶然遇到
调查
闯入
A
工作
学习
做梦
交谈
D
地理
数学
历史
科学
C
自然
商业
太空
文化
（　C　）6. A. sure确信的 B. surprised惊讶的
C. excited兴奋的 D. worried担心的
（　D　）7. A. hopefully充满希望地 B. carefully小心地
C. wonderfully极好地 D. successfully成功地
（　C　）8. A. tallest最高的 B. funniest最有趣的
C. youngest最年轻的 D. smartest最聪明的
（　B　）9. A. often经常 B. never从不
C. seldom很少 D. sometimes有时
（　B　）10. A. started开始 B. decided决定
C. changed改变 D. failed失败
C
确信的
惊讶的
兴奋的
担心的
D
充满希望地
小心地
极好地
成功地
C
最高的
最有趣的
最年轻的
最聪明的
B
经常
从不
很少
有时
B
开始
决定
改变
失败
完形填空
语篇研读
价值引领
What can you learn from Gui Haichao？
I know how important it is to keep learning to make my dream come true and never give up. / ...
主题词汇复现
science, space, astronaut, project
But there was nothing that could keep him from living out his
宾补
life-long dream.
宾语
写作积累
draw attention 引起注意
show an interest in sth. /doing sth. 对（做）某事表现出兴趣
keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
that
him
from living out his
life-long dream
长难句分析
that引导定语从句
谓语
t ould keep
阅读理解A
词数：220　体裁：应用文　标签：《时代周刊》（儿童版）评选最佳青少年发明　建议用时：6 mins

TIME for Kids
Every year, TIME for Kids highlights inventions that are making the world better and a bit more fun. The magazine picks the 11 best inventions every year.1题 They are changing the way we live, play and learn. Two of them are listed below. Let’s get to know more about them.
The magazine
1题
picks the 11 bes t inventions every year.
The Helping Hand The Helping Hand was created by Thames and Kosmos. It helps kids build a robotic（机械的） hand to do what a real hand does. It is made of plastic pieces.2题 It sends information from the users’ fingers to the fingers of the robotic hand. The hand can fit arms of almost any size. It easily changes from left-handed to right-handed to catch.
It is
2题
made of p lastic pieces.
—By Jared Lindzon
Offline Coding （线下编程） Class Coding means problem-solving and pattern recognition. Sphero Indi teaches both. No screen is required. Kids as young as 4 use colored tiles（地砖） to program a robotic car to move from point A to point B.3题 Pink tiles tell it to turn left. Green tiles increase its speed.4题 Purple tiles tell it to move and dance. “We really wanted to bring coding into the physical world,” Jeff Wiencrot says. He’s one of the engineers who worked on the product.
Kids as you ng as 4 use colored tiles（地
3题
A to point B.
Green
4题
tiles increase its sp eed.
—By Chad de Guzman
Kids as you ng as 4 use col ored tiles（地
（　D　）1. How many inventions are chosen by TIME for Kids to be the best？
A. Two. B. Three.
C. Ten. D. Eleven.
（　C　）2. What is the Helping Hand made of？
A. Wood. B. Metal.
C. Plastic. D. Paper.
D
C
（　B　）3. Which can we know about Offline Coding Class？
A. It needs a screen to complete.
B. 4-year-old kids can try to learn it.
C. Chad de Guzman is the engineer of it.
D. Different colors of tiles mean the same.
（　A　）4. What color of the tiles can make cars go faster？
A. Green. B. Pink.
C. Purple. D. Blue.
B
A
（　B　）5. Where can you probably see this article？
本文开头给出了文章出处——时代杂志的网站地址，故可能在网站里看到这篇文章。
A. In a report.
B. On a website.
C. In a textbook.
D. In a newspaper.
B
阅读理解A
语篇研读
价值引领
Why do teenagers learn science？
Because they can learn how science helps people and changes people’s life. / ...
主题词汇复现
invention, create, change, website
program 编程
physical world 现实世界
文化知识
《时代周刊》（儿童版）每年都会评选最佳的青少年发明作品，旨在鼓励青少年多参与发明。
TIME for Kids selects the best youth inventions every year, aiming to encourage teenagers to participate more in invention.
熟词生义
阅读理解B
词数：269　　体裁：说明文　　标签：脑计算机与机械臂　　建议用时：8 mins
Think about how often you use your hands to do a task each day. From typing on a computer to picking up a backpack, we depend on our hands to communicate with the world around us.1题 But that’s not true for about 170,000 people living in the United States. For some reasons, they have tetraplegia, which means they aren’t able to move their body parts like other people.2题
From typing on a computer to picking up abackpack,
we depend on our hands to communicate with th e world
1题
around us.
which means they aren’t able to move their body parts like
2题
other people.
We wanted to allow people with tetraplegia to use a robotic（机械的） arm to communicate with those around them. That’s why we developed a brain computer. A brain computer takes brain signals（信号） and translates them into instructions.3题 A machine then follows these instructions. For example, if a person thinks about picking up something with his own arm, the brain computer will tell a robotic arm to pick it up. The person would control the robot based only on what they can see. This brain computer was successful, but it was often slow. That’s why we developed a new brain computer.4题 This new computer also makes a person feel a sense of touch.
A bra in computer
takes brain signals（信号） and translate the m I
3题
but it was
4题
Ofte n slow..
We use our hands to complete hundreds of tasks a day. Unfortunately, many people can no longer use their hands because of injuries. Why not sit down with your friends and try to work out exactly how many of your everyday activities need hands Pretty much all of them, right We need more scientists in this field to join us and develop it! Could you be a future scientist who tries to solve these difficult problems 5题
We n eed mor e
scientists in this field to join us and develop it！ Could you be a
5题
future scientist who tries to solve these difficult prob
（　C　）1. We mostly depend on 　　　　 to communicate with the world according to the passage.
A. legs
B. arms
C. hands
D. brains
C
（　B　）2. What does the underlined word “tetraplegia” probably refer to（指）
A. A job.
B. An illness.
C. A computer.
D. An instruction.
B
（　A　）3. What does a brain computer do
A. It translates the signals.
B. It feels a sense of touch.
C. It can think independently.
D. It can pick up things for people.
A
（　D　）4. Why did the scientists develop another new brain computer
A. Because it would cost less than the old one.
B. Because it could do everything without instructions.
C. Because scientists wanted it to take all kinds of signals.
D. Because it could understand information and work faster.
D
（　D　）5. What is the last paragraph mainly about
A. Telling people to try using it.
B. Encouraging people to buy it.
C. Introducing the invention to people.
D. Asking people to join in the research.
D
（　D　）6. Who may be the writer of this passage
全文均以第一人称we书写，而且希望更多的科学家加入研究，可知作者很可能是一位科学家。
A. A patient.
B. A teacher.
C. A reporter.
D. A scientist.
D
文章结构
Para. 　1　 介绍产品发明的原因
Para. 　2　 介绍脑计算机与机械臂
Para. 　3　 倡议更多人加入这项研究
1　
2　
3　
阅读理解B
语篇研读
价值引领
How do a brain computer and a robotic arm help people？
They can help people with tetraplegia to live easily. For example, people can pick up things easily by just thinking about it in their brain. / ...
主题词汇复现
task, computer, instruction, machine, robot, scientist
长难句分析
... if a person thinks about picking up something with his own
从句（一般现在时）
arm, the brain computer will tell a robotic arm to pick it up.
主句（一般将来时）
if引导的条件状语从句
写作积累
depend on 依靠
because of 因为
... if a person thinks about picking up something with his own
arm
the brain computer will tell a robotic arm to pick it up.
配对阅读C
词数：265　　标签：科学展览　　建议用时：5 mins
左栏介绍了五个人的兴趣爱好，右栏介绍了七种类型的展览会，请为这五个人匹配合适的展览会。
（　C）1. Mary is interested in science. She always wonders what the world will be like in the future.
C
is interested in
isstd in
is interes ted in
C. In this exhibition, you will have a chance to explore the future world with the science of today.
Expl ore the
1题
Expl ore the
（　 G）2. Alice’s mom is a doctor. She believes medicine plays an important role in improving people’s lives. So she wants to know more about it.
G
Med icine
Med I cine
（　D　）3. Gina just finished reading the book The Brief History of Time（《时间简史》） by Stephen Hawking. She wants to know more about this great man who changed the world.
D
Stephen Hawng
Hawkig
Stephen Ha wking
D. Explore unbelievable objects, including some never seen by the public before. These are all from Professor Stephen Hawking’s office.3题
These are all from PrStephe n
3题
Hawking’s offic.
Haw.
G. Medicine: The Welcome Galleries is a great new home for the most important medical collections2题 in the world.
2题
oths
Othe rs
（　B　）4. Tom enjoys using social media a lot. It greatly changes the way we receive information and communicate with others.
B
Othe r
（　A　）5. Jim needs to finish a project on space exploration. He just watched some news about China’s space mission. He needs to do more research.
A
space exploraon
A. This exhibition shows some out-of-this-world objects. If you are interested in space exploration.5题 You can’t miss it.
yu
5题
are interested in space explorat
Io n.
B. There are six areas filled with objects, interactive（交互式的） and digital experiences that celebrate over 200 years of communication and information technology.4题
4题
communication and informatio
n technol
（　B　）4. Tom enjoys using social media a lot. It greatly changes the way we receive information and communicate with others.
B
Othe r
（　A　）5. Jim needs to finish a project on space exploration. He just watched some news about China’s space mission. He needs to do more research.
A
space exploraon
E. Visit our exhibition to explore the role math has played in building our world.
F. Join one of our volunteer tour guides to explore the world’s oldest collections of clocks and watches.
配对阅读C
语篇研读
价值引领
Have you ever been to a science museum before What did you do and how did you feel
Yes, I have. I enjoyed exhibitions, watched science movies and joined in activities. I felt excited to see so many interesting things. / ...
主题词汇复现
science, change, media, project, space, research, object, technology, explore
长难句分析
Visit our exhibition to explore the role（that/which） math
主语
has played in building our world.
谓语
省略关系代词that/which，指代the role，在从句中作宾语，句意：参观我们的展览，探索数学在构建我们的世界中所扮演的角色。
the role
math
has played
宾语
短文填空
词数：236　　体裁：记叙文　　标签：冰酒的故事　　建议用时：10 mins
　　cold　 and　 tell　out　save　 they
　　history　great　but　be　 idea　fact
My parents usually celebrate a special day by enjoying a special kind of ice wine（酒） called Canadian ice wine. My mother once 　told　 me the story of ice wine. To make it, people must freeze grapes on the vine（葡萄藤）. You might think this is strange, 　but　 it’s true.
思路点拨
told　
but　
1. 考查动词（变形）。tell sb. sth.意为“告诉某人某事”，由once可知，用一般过去时。
2. 考查连词。前后句表转折关系。
In the 1700s in Germany, a man was away from his farm in the autumn. The weather turned much 　colder　 and his grapes froze. When he smelt the grapes, to his surprise, they were so sweet. Then, he decided to use 　them　 to make some wine. Guess what People really liked his wine. For two centuries, Germany was the only place making ice wine.
思路点拨
colder　
them　
4. 考查代词（变形）。代指上文所说的葡萄，the grapes为复数。
3. 考查形容词（变形）。天气变更冷后葡萄冻结，much修饰比较级，cold原级变比较级，加er。
Then a Canadian got the 　idea　 that this kind of wine could be produced in Canada. After all, the winters are cold in Canada, and that’s the main requirement for making ice wine. After hard work, some grape farmers found 　out　 the best process, and soon Canadian ice wine began to be sold all over the world.
思路点拨
idea　
out　
6. 考查介词。find out意为“发现”。
5. 考查名词。get the idea意为“想出个主意”。
The story of ice wine got me thinking a lot. There were so many inventions in 　h istory　 . What other inventions came out by accident It’s really hard to imagine the world without penicillin（青霉素） that has 　saved　 millions of lives. And the microwave（微波炉） has 　greatly　 changed the way we cook.
思路点拨
history　
saved　
greatly　
8. 考查动词（变形）。save one’s life意为“拯救生命”，且时态为现在完成时has ＋ 动词过去分词。
7. 考查名词。in history意为“在历史上”。
9. 考查副词（词形转换）。greatly changed意为“极大地改变了”。great形容词变副词，加ly。
Life 　is　 sometimes like this. Something even better comes along if we keep our minds open.
思路点拨
is　
10. 考查be动词（变形）。主语life为第三人称单数，且为一般现在时，be变is。
短文填空
语篇研读
价值引领
Do you have any idea on how to keep an open mind？
Yes, I do. If we want to keep an open mind, we should keep on learning new things and be brave enough to try something new. / ...
主题词汇复现
away, produce, invention, change
文化知识
冰酒闻起来有香甜水果和蜂蜜的味道，其酒精含量低于大多数葡萄酒。
Ice wine has smells of sweet fruit and honey and it has a lower alcohol content than most wines.