2024年广东省中考英语一轮复习课件：主题十 自然生态、环境保护、灾害防范、宇宙探索 主题阅读课件(共51张PPT)

(共51张PPT)
主题十　自然生态、环境保护、灾害防范、宇宙探索
主题阅读
语法选择
词数：211　　体裁：记叙文　　标签：人物事迹　　建议用时：5 mins
He Yufeng is the “protector” of Guishui River in Yanqing, Beijing. 　1　 has volunteered to clean up the rubbish along the river for more than 20 years.
“More than 20 years ago, I saw a plastic bag on the water 　2　 I was walking by. I tried to pick it up with a stick and found a fish stuck in the bag swam away 　3　 . I noticed that it was a serious problem because the water was not as 　4　 as before,” she said.
He Yufeng started to clean up the rubbish by the river daily and reminded people 　5　 the waste when they came to fish or camp.
So far, over 80 volunteers 　6　 her to protect the environment in Yanqing.
“ 　7　 the effort of He Yufeng and her volunteer team, the pollution has been reduced. The water environment in Beijing has become increasingly better in recent 　8　 . The improvement of Beijing’s rivers and lakes has also resulted in a huge rise in 　9　 number of animals in the river,” said the Beijing Water.
On the day before the opening of the Beijing Winter Olympics, her first dream of attending the Beijing 2022 Olympic Torch Relay（火炬传递） 　10　 . “It was a great honor for me,” He Yufeng added.
（　A　）1. A. She B. Her C. Hers代词
（　B　）2. A. if B. when C. after连词
（　B　）3. A. quick B. quickly C. quickness副词
（　A　）4. A. clear B. clearer C. the clearest形容词
（　B　）5. A. collect B. to collect
C. collecting动词不定式
（　C　）6. A. join B. are joining C. have joined时态
（　B　）7. A. By B. With C. Among介词
（　B　）8. A. year B. years C. years’名词
（　C　）9. A. a B. an C. the冠词
（　C ）10. A. realizes B. realized
C. was realized被动语态
A
代词
B
连词
B
副词
A
形容词
B
动词不定式
C
时态
B
介词
B
名词
C
冠词
C
被动语态
语法选择
语篇研读
价值引领
What made Miss He decide to be the “protector” of the Guishui River？
The serious problem that the rubbish along the river made the water not as clear as before. / ...
主题词汇复现
rubbish, waste, river, lake, water, problem, protector, environment, fish, animals
写作积累
not as/so ＋ adj./adv. 原级 ＋ as 不像……一样……
remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事
7 the effort of sb. 在某人的努力之下
长难句分析
I tried to pick it up with a stick and found a fish stuck in the bag swam away 3 .
过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰前面的名词fish
find ＋（that）宾语从句
Found a fish stuck in the bag
swam away
完形填空
词数：249　　体裁：说明文　　标签：中法联手探索太空　　建议用时：5 mins
China and France have decided to work together on space exploration and development.
During French President’s recent visit to China, the two countries 　1　 that France would take part in China’s next Chang’e 6 moon task. Chang’e 6 will take a French device（设备） to the 　2　 for scientific tasks. The Chang’e 6 launch will likely happen around 2025. The mission will 　3　 the far side of the moon, collect samples, and do research. If it succeeds, it will become the first time for 　4　 to collect samples from the far side of the moon.
China is good at designing and 　5　 high-level spacecraft（宇宙飞船）and organizing big space programs. It also has great achievements in science and technology as well as engineering knowledge. They can be 　6　 used by many countries in space explorations. Meanwhile, France is good at making some delicate（精密的） scientific instruments that are 　7　 for many space projects. It also has rich knowledge of space science.
Working together 　8　 both countries to create more chances for their scientists and engineers. They can achieve goals faster and cheaper, and 　9　 each other.
As China has opened its space station and deep-space missions to international cooperation, French and other European researchers want to take the 　10　 to further their science and technology studies. At the same time, Chinese scientists are happy to work with their European partners to explore the mysteries of the universe.
（　A　）1. A. agreed同意 B. doubted怀疑
C. imagined想象 D. ordered命令
（　B　）2. A. sun太阳 B. moon月球
C. sky天空 D. earth地球
（　D　）3. A. explain解释 B. find找到
C. learn学会 D. study研究
（　D　）4. A. plants植物 B. environments环境
C. animals动物 D. humans人类
（　D　）5. A. taking搭乘 B. drawing绘画
C. moving移动 D. building建造
A
同意
怀疑
想象
命令
B
太阳
月球
天空
地球
D
解释
找到
学会
研究
D
植物
环境
动物
人类
D
搭乘
绘画
移动
建造
（　C　）6. A. wisely明智地 B. quietly安静地
C. widely广泛地 D. deeply深深地
（　B　）7. A. famous著名的 B. important重要的
C. modern现代的 D. smooth光滑的
（　B　）8. A. wants想要 B. allows允许
C. prefers更喜欢 D. invites邀请
（　C　）9. A. differ from与……不同 B. hear from收到……的来信
C. learn from向……学习 D. separate from和……分离
（　D　）10. A. searches搜索 B. records记录
C. reports报道 D. chances机会
C
明智地
安静地
广泛地
深深地
B
著名的
重要的
现代的
光滑的
B
想要
允许
更喜欢
邀请
C
与……不同
收到……的来信
向……学习
和……分离
D
搜索
记录
报道
机会
完形填空
语篇研读
价值引领
What do you think of “China and France join hands in space”？
With China and France joining hands in space, not only the both countries but also the world at large will benefit. / ...
China, France, space, French, countries, exploration, spacecraft, moon, collect, space station, European, universe, sun, sky, earth, plants, animals
熟词生义
further 促进,推动
写作积累
It’s the first time for sb. to do sth. 对于某人来说是第一次做某事
主题词汇复现
阅读理解A
词数：192　　体裁：应用文　　标签：地震中的自救方法　　建议用时：5 mins
Stay calm when an earthquake happens
◆ Indoors:
Hide under a strong desk or table, or against an inside wall.1题 If there is no desk or table near you, cover your face and head with your arms and keep down in an inside corner.
Stay away from windows and anything that could fall down.
Stay inside until the shaking stops and it is safe to go outside. People may be hit by falling objects while entering or leaving buildings.2题
Do not use lifts.
1题
Hide under a strong desk or table, or against an inside w
People may be hit by falling objects wh ile entering or leaving
2题
buildings.
◆ Outdoors:
Stay there.
Move away from buildings, trees, streetlights and power lines.3题
Move away from buildi ngs, trees, streetlights and power
3题
lines.
◆ In a moving car:
Stop as quickly as safety permits. Pull to the side of the road, and stay in the car.
Avoid stopping under trees or near buildings, bridges and power lines.4题
Do not try to drive across the damaged bridges.
Drive on carefully after the earthquake has stopped, watching for the road and bridge damage.
Avoid stopping under trees or near buildings, bridges and
4题
power lines.
◆ Under ruins（废墟）:
Do not light a match.
Cover your mouth with a wet towel or clothing.
Tap on something loud like a pipe or wall to help rescuers（救援人员） find you. Shouting is the last way because it can make you breathe in dangerous dust（灰尘）.5题
Shouting is the last way because it can
5题
make you breathe in dangerous dust（灰尘）.
（　D　）1. Which of the following can reduce danger if you are indoors in an earthquake？
A. Using a lift to go outside.
B. Jumping from a high building.
C. Staying away from an inside wall.
D. Hiding under a strong desk or table.
D
（　A　）2. How do you understand the underlined sentence？
A. It’s safe for us to go outside after the shaking stops.
B. Compared to staying inside, it’s better to go outside.
C. It is not safe for us to stay inside until the shaking stops.
D. We’d better stay inside whether the shaking stops or not.
A
（　C　）3. How do you protect yourself if you are outdoors in an earthquake？
A. By staying under big trees.
B. By finding streetlights to guide.
C. By moving away from buildings.
D. By running along the power lines.
C
（　D　）4. What should you do in an earthquake if you are in a moving car？
A. Stop and get out of your car.
B. Drive on and watch for the road.
C. Drive on slowly and carefully.
D. Avoid stopping near buildings.
D
（　C　）5. Why is shouting the last way to help yourself？
A. Your shouting won’t be heard.
B. Tapping is louder than shouting.
C. You may breathe in dangerous dust.
D. Your mouth is covered with a towel.
C
（　D　）6. The passage is written to tell us 　　　　 .
通读全文可知这是一份地震自救安全手册，所以，正确答案应选D。
A. a big earthquake is too dangerous
B. it’s not safe to drive across bridges
C. not to use lifts during an earthquake
D. how to save ourselves in an earthquake
D
阅读理解A
语篇研读
价值引领
What have you learnt from the passage？
I have learnt that it’s important to stay calm when an accident happens and try to use what we have learnt to help ourselves before help arrives. / ...
写作积累
stay away from 远离……
It is safe to do sth. 做某事是安全的
主题词汇复现
happen, earthquake, safety, dangerous
阅读理解B
词数：228　　体裁：说明文　　标签：气候变化让海洋变得更绿　　建议用时：8 mins
The color of the ocean has changed a lot in the past 20 years. It’s because of climate change caused by humans.1题 More than 56% of the world’s oceans have changed color, and the oceans close to the equator（赤道） have especially become greener.
1题
It’s because of climate chan ge caused by humans.
The color of the ocean comes from materials found in the top part of the water. For example, a deep blue sea will have very little life in it,2题 while a green color means there are ecosystems（生态系统） there.
It’s not exactly clear how these ecosystems are changing. Ocean ecosystems are well balanced. All changes are causing an imbalance in the natural organization of ecosystems. Such imbalance will only get worse over time if our oceans keep getting warmer.3题
a deep blue sea w ill have
2题
very little lif e in it
Such
imbalance will only get worse over time if our oceans k eep
3题
getting warmer.
The researchers are still trying to work out exactly what the changes mean. But one thing they’re sure about is that these changes are driven by human-caused climate change. The researchers monitored changes in ocean color by checking how much green or blue light is reflected（反射） from the surface of the sea.4题 They studied color changes in the ocean from 2002 to 2022. Then they used climate change models to see the color of the oceans with and without more pollution from humans. The color changes matched what scientists supposed if greenhouse gases were added to the environment — that around 50% of our oceans would change color.5题
he
researchers monitored changes in ocean color by checking how
much green or blue light is reflected（反射） from the surface
4题
of the sea.
The color changes matche d what scientists supposed if
greenhouse gases we re added to the environment — that
5题
around 50% of our oceans would change color.
（　A　）1. Why has the color of the oceans changed a lot？
A. Because humans have caused climate change.
B. Because the oceans are too close to the equator.
C. Because half of the world’s oceans have blue light.
D. Because oceans are getting warmer because of nature.
（　A　）2. How do you like a deep blue sea？
A. There isn’t much life in it.
B. The water is getting warmer.
C. You can find lots of fish there.
D. The fish there look like plants.
A
A
（　B　）3. The imbalance of ocean ecosystems will get worse if 　　　　 .
A. the ocean color becomes green
B. our oceans keep getting warmer
C. the carbon stored by the ocean changes
D. more blue light is reflected from the sea
B
（　C　）4. What’s the meaning of the underlined word “monitored” in Paragraph 4？
A. Counted and drew seriously.
B. Listened and checked secretly.
C. Watched and checked carefully.
D. Watched and counted specially.
C
（　D　）5. What’s the writer’s attitude to the
changes in ocean color？
A. It’s none of humans’ business.
B. Scientists should be responsible for it.
C. We don’t worry about 50% of our oceans.
D. We should try to reduce greenhouse gases.
D
（　C　）6. What’s the main idea of the passage？
通读全文，尤其是文章首句和末句可知，人类行为引起的温室效应，导致海洋变暖和海洋颜色变化。
A. It’s clear that ocean ecosystems are well balanced.
B. Around 50% of our oceans will change color soon.
C. Human-caused climate change leads to the changes in ocean color.
D. The researchers keep an eye on changes in ocean color from space.
C
Para. 　1　 研究发现，人为导致的气候变化引起了全球海洋颜色的变化
Paras. 　2~3　 海洋颜色变化导致的后果
Para. 　4　 海洋颜色变化与科学家预测一致
1　
2~3　
4　
文章结构
阅读理解B
语篇研读
价值引领
What have you learnt from the passage？
I have learnt that human-caused climate change is causing the imbalance in the natural organization of ecosystems. It’s our duty to take action to make a difference. / ...
主题词汇复现
ocean/sea, water, warm, pollution, natural, environment
长难句分析
The color changes matched what scientists supposed if greenhouse gases were added to the environment — that around 50% of our oceans would change color.
动词match后是what引导的宾语从句，其中包含了一个if引导的条件状语从句，that引导的是一个同位语从句，用于对前面科学家预测的内容进行具体的说明。
what scientists supposed if greenhouse
gases were added to the environment — that around 50 % of our
oceans would change color.
配对阅读C
词数：286　　标签：节气与农作物种植的关系　　建议用时：5 mins
左栏是对五种农作物的生长及种植情况的介绍，右栏是对不同节气的介绍，请结合农作物的生长特点将其与正确的节气进行配对。
（　B　）1. Potatoes prefer cooler temperatures for growth. The best temperature for growing potatoes is 16℃ to 21℃.
B
16℃ to
16℃
B. The Spring Equinox is called chunfen. The weather gets warmer （around 16℃ to 21℃）1题 and it becomes rainy and cloudy.
late M ay
1题
（　E　）2. Green beans are a warm season crop. The best time to grow beans is in late spring, which is between late May and the beginning of June.
（　F　）3. Rice needs to be kept in warm temperatures, so choose a place that offers bright light and warm temperatures. Also, rice prefers wet conditions.
E
late M
F
Late May
late M ay
late M ay
late M ay
E. Lesser Fullness of Grain, called xiaoman, falls on around May 21st.2题 The weather becomes hot with the largest rainfall of a year.
2题
Ma
Ma
F. The Beginning of Summer （lixia） stands for the passing from spring to summer. There is a lot of sunshine and the temperature increases. At the same time, the rainfall is enough for crops to grow.3题
3题
for cro ps to grow
for cro ps to grow
for cro ps to grow
for cro o grow
（　C　）4. The best time to plant winter wheat is from mid-September to early December. Wheat grows at the temperature from 21℃ to 24℃. Wheat also needs a lot of sunshine.
（　D　）5. Eggplants（茄子） need a lot of heat. If there are the hottest summers with plenty of rain in your area, it will be good for them.
C
21℃ to 24℃
D
21℃ to 24℃
1℃ 24℃
21℃ 4 ℃
21℃ 4℃
ott
C. The Autumn Equinox, called qiufen, falls on September 22nd — 24th. The weather starts to get cool and more rainfall begins, but the temperature is good at around 20℃ to 25℃.4
late M ay
Lat
late M
late M
4题
D. Great Heat, called dashu, is among the hottest days. During this period, both temperature and rainfall reach their highest point5题 across most of China.
ottest da ys
5题
st days
ottest days
ottas
（　C　）4. The best time to plant winter wheat is from mid-September to early December. Wheat grows at the temperature from 21℃ to 24℃. Wheat also needs a lot of sunshine.
（　D　）5. Eggplants（茄子） need a lot of heat. If there are the hottest summers with plenty of rain in your area, it will be good for them.
C
D
G. Major Cold, also called dahan, is the coldest time of a year. There will be thick snow in the north.
A. The Beginning of Spring is called lichun. The weather in this season remains cold and windy.
配对阅读C
语篇研读
价值引领
What have you learnt from the passage？
I’ve learnt that all things have their own laws of growth and a good harvest depends on the spring sowing. / ...
主题词汇复现
cool, warm, season, spring, winter, summer, rain, heat, weather, cold, windy, rainy, cloudy, hot, snow, north
文化知识
中国在几千年前创造了二十四节气，用以指导农业生产。二十四节气是根据一年中太阳在黄道上位置的变化情况来确定的。
The 24 solar terms determined by the changes of the sun’s position in the zodiac all through the year, were created thousands of years ago to guide agricultural production in China.
短文填空
词数：247　　体裁：说明文　　标签：埃及的自然景观　　建议用时：10 mins
　　it　 up　 also　 ruler　 well　 visit
　　large　high　across　through　connect　language
Egypt, an ancient African country with a 5000-year history, is between the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea. The Suez Canal 　connects　 the two seas, making it easy for ships to sail between Asia and Europe.
思路点拨
connects　
1. 考查动词（变形）。客观事实使用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，所以动词用第三人称单数形式。
The Red Sea is famous for 　its　 beautiful coral reefs（珊瑚礁）. You can enjoy the colorful underwater life.
思路点拨
its　
2. 考查代词（变形）。it的形容词性物主代词形式为its，意思是“它的”。
You’d better 　visit　 the pyramids when traveling to the capital city Cairo. The Pyramid of Khufu which is 146.7 meters 　high　 is the largest of all the pyramids and on the list of the Wonders of the Ancient World. The pyramids were built to house the 　rulers　 of ancient Egypt and ferry（摆渡） them into the afterlife（来世）.
思路点拨
visit　
high　
rulers　
4. 考查形容词。146.7 meters high “146.7米高”，数字 ＋ 名词 ＋ （表示高矮宽窄胖瘦的）形容词。
3. 考查动词。You’d better do sth. 你最好做某事 。
5. 考查名词（变形）。the ruler of ... ……的统治者，根据句意使用复数。
If there is one special thing you should do in Egypt, it is to visit the desert. 90% of Egypt is made 　up　 of desert. The Sahara Desert is the world’s 　largest　 desert and it covers the western and southern areas of Egypt.
思路点拨
up　
largest　
7. 考查形容词（变形）。撒哈拉大沙漠是世界上最大的沙漠，使用形容词的最高级。
6. 考查副词。be made up of 由……组成。
The Nile River, the longest river in the world, runs 　across　 Egypt from the south to the north, providing this country with enough water and rich land. 95% of Egyptians live along the Nile River.
思路点拨
across　
8. 考查介词。尼罗河从南到北贯穿埃及。
The official 　language　 of Egypt is Arabic, but many people also speak English. If you know French, it will go a long way in Egypt as 　well　 .
In a word, Egypt is worth exploring and admiring.
思路点拨
language　
well　
10. 考查副词。as well表示“也”。
9. 考查名词。根据文中所提及的阿拉伯语、英语和法语，且官方语言是阿拉伯语可知，此空应填language。
短文填空
语篇研读
价值引领
What have you learnt from the passage？
Every country has its own beauty. The success of human civilization（文明） depends on our valuing and respecting for other people’s cultures. / ...
African, country, sea, Asia, Europe, capital, city, desert, western, southern, river, south, north, English, French
长难句分析
The Pyramid of Khufu which is 146.7 meters 　4　 is the largest
定语从句
of all the pyramids and on the list of the Wonders of the Ancient World.
which is 146.7ers
主题词汇复现