(共31张PPT)
UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS
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Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Eugene Newman Parker,a leading figure in heliospheric(日球层的) physics for the past half century,passed away peacefully at his home in Chicago on Mar.15.He was 94.
Hailed(誉为) as a visionary in the field of heliophysics,Parker revolutionized our understanding of the sun and its effects on Earth and other bodies within the solar system.NASA even stated that the field of heliophysics exists in large part because of Dr.Eugene Parker.In 2018,Parker became the first living scientist to witness the launch of a spacecraft that was named in his honor.
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Parker is best known for his groundbreaking theory on the existence of a phenomenon called “solar wind”,a continuous stream of charged particles that flow off the sun.It can become violent,causing space weather that impacts Earth.When Parker’s research was published in 1958,his theory was initially met with skepticism(怀疑) and ridicule by the scientific community.The general view at the time was that the space between planets was an absolute vacuum(真空),and was thus completely empty of any matter.But,there were no errors in his study or his calculations,and the theory was later proven to be correct in 1962,when a NASA spacecraft mission to Venus revealed the constant presence of a supersonic wind—exactly as Parker had predicted.
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That experience likely led to the advice Parker often gave young researchers:“If you do something new or innovative,expect trouble.But think critically about it because if you’re wrong,you want to be the first one to know that.” Parker never co-authored a paper with his students,thus urging them to be independent.
Parker was humble,straightforward,and wise.His son Eric said,“My sister Joyce and I didn’t get a real feel for what a ‘big dog’ our dad was in the field.” They got an even better sense when a month after Parker’s death,they traveled to Lund,Sweden,to accept on his behalf the Crafoord Prize in Astronomy.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了太阳物理学的领军人物尤金·纽曼·帕克的贡献以及他对年轻人的影响。
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1.What can we learn from the second paragraph
A.A spacecraft was named in memory of Parker.
B.The sun has fewer effects on Earth than expected.
C.Parker deserved credit for his great contributions.
D.NASA provided new insights into the lunar effect.
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推理判断题。根据第二段中“Parker revolutionized our understanding of the sun and its effects on Earth and other bodies within the solar system.”以及“NASA even stated that the field of heliophysics exists in large part because of Dr.Eugene Parker.”可知,帕克对整个太阳物理学领域做出了极大的贡献,他是值得赞扬的。
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2.Why did people view Parker’s theory of “solar wind” skeptically at first
A.It went against the popular opinion at that time.
B.Some mistakes were found in his calculations.
C.The presence of a supersonic wind was proven by NASA.
D.Matter was believed to exist in the space between planets.
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细节理解题。根据第三段中“When Parker’s research was published in 1958, his theory was initially met with skepticism and ridicule by the scientific community.”以及“The general view at the time was that the space between planets was an absolute vacuum,and was thus completely empty of any matter.”可知,人们起初对帕克的“太阳风”理论持怀疑态度,因为它违背了当时的流行观点。
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3.What did Parker suggest young researchers do
A.Seek close cooperation.
B.Avoid high expectations.
C.Learn by trial and error.
D.Compete against others.
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细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“That experience likely led to the advice Parker often gave young researchers:‘If you do something new or innovative,expect trouble.But think critically about it because if you’re wrong,you want to be the first one to know that.’”可知,帕克给年轻人的建议是从错误和尝试中学习。
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4.What words can be used to describe Parker according to the passage
A.Straightforward and generous.
B.Responsible and accessible.
C.Intelligent yet conservative.
D.Distinguished yet modest.
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推理判断题。根据第二段中“Hailed as a visionary in the field of heliophysics,Parker revolutionized our understanding of the sun and its effects on Earth and other bodies within the solar system.”以及最后一段中“Parker was humble,straightforward,and wise.”可知,帕克是杰出但谦逊的。
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B
Technology is starting to give us superpowers once reserved only for comic book heroes like Spider-Man and Superman.We now live in an age of human enhancement and related technology has captured the attention of the media and investors.
Some of these new technologies achieve their effects by means of electronic devices that connect our brains to external sources of knowledge, sensory data or physical power.We may not get chips implanted in our brains any time soon,but think about Google Glass—who needs an inserted chip when you can wear a computer on your head
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Wearable technology doesn’t only come in the form of a pair of glasses.A Japanese laboratory is working on a more practical prototype(雏形) of a muscle suit than Iron Man’s shiny armor(盔甲).The muscle suit,called an exoskeleton,enables the sick and elderly to move around more easily,New Scientist magazine reported.Coveting(觊觎) the powers of Spider-Man,the US military is working on a “Spider-Man suit” that not only lets wearers climb vertical walls,but also allows them to sense approaching objects without looking at or hearing them,according to an American military technology website.
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But perhaps you favor more subtle powers like mind control or mind reading.This may one day come true as well.The most amazing human enhancement technologies that have come into reality are devices that interact directly with the human brain.
Q Sensor,created by scientists at MIT,is a wireless sensor that measures electricity conducted through the skin.It can detect whether people are bored, stressed or excited,and therefore has wide applications in research and therapy, the BBC reported.
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Scientists envision neural implants that could allow humans to manipulate real-world objects with their mind—a power not unlike mind control.Slate magazine reported this might already be happening.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科技开始赋予我们曾经只有蜘蛛侠和超人等漫画英雄才能拥有的超能力。
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5.What can be learned from the first two paragraphs
A.New technologies have brought us into a new era.
B.Superpowers of comic book heroes have been widely applied nowadays.
C.Human enhancement refers to the superpowers of the comic book heroes.
D.Spider-Man and Superman have captured the attention of the media and investors.
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细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容可知,最新的技术已经将我们带进了一个全新的时代。
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6.What can we know about Google Glass
A.It is implanted in our brains.
B.It is a technology with inserted chips.
C.It is a device which makes us superheroes.
D.It is a technology that enhances human power.
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推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“Technology is starting to give us superpowers once reserved only for comic book heroes like Spider-Man and Superman.”可知,科技开始赋予我们曾经只有蜘蛛侠和超人等漫画英雄才能拥有的超能力。再根据第二段内容可推断出,谷歌眼镜就属于增强人类能力的技术。
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7.Which of the following items does NOT involve wearable technology
A.Google Glass. B.The muscle suit.
C.Iron Man’s armor. D.The Spider-Man suit.
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细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“We may not get chips implanted in our brains any time soon,but think about Google Glass—who needs an inserted chip when you can wear a computer on your head ”可知A项“Google Glass” 涉及可穿戴技术;再根据第三段可知B项“The muscle suit”以及D项“The Spider-Man suit” 涉及可穿戴技术。因此不涉及可穿戴技术的是C项。故选C项。
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8.What is the best title of the passage
A.Explore superpowers for human enhancement
B.Go beyond Iron Man’s shiny armor
C.Meet superheroes in real life
D.Embrace the unknown world
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主旨大意题。根据文章第一段和最后一段以及全文内容可知,文章主要讲述了科学家们利用技术探索增强人类能力的超能力。故选A项。
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Ⅱ.完形填空
Wearing a caveman mask,Dr.Marzluff walks across the camp at the university.Crows circle and scream.They dive at him and then suddenly fly away.
Beneath the mask,he smiles.Days before,he and his students had 1 cavemen masks,caught crows and 2 plastic bands on to their legs.Then they released the 3 birds.
“We always knew crows 4 us,but could we show it ” says Dr.Marzluff,a professor known affectionately as the Crowman.
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When the researchers walked around campus without masks,the crows they had caught and banded didn’t 5 to them.But when the 6 humans walked by while wearing the masks,the crows scolded loudly and dived at their “ 7 ”.The birds had remembered their 8 !
“Crows are constantly 9 us,” Dr.Marzluff says.“They look,they think, and they eyeball you, 10 the situation.”
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At first,only the banded birds reacted 11 to the people in masks.But in later tests,an increasing number of crows began scolding them,even when the banded birds were not around.The birds had 12 from one another. Dr.Marzluff and his team followed banded crows for a year and 13 that adults even pass this information to their 14 .
Dr.Marzluff’s experiments led him to study how crows’ 15 work.
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1.A.picked out B.put on
C.searched for D.taken off
2.A.dropped B.stepped
C.pressed D.tied
3.A.unhappy B.beautiful
C.black D.rare
4.A.hate B.attack
C.recognize D.contact
5.A.wave B.react
C.reply D.turn
6.A.friendly B.unkind
C.different D.same
7.A.enemies B.professors
C.owners D.followers
8.A.clothes B.faces
C.organs D.figures
9.A.expecting B.admiring
C.watching D.tolerating
10.A.estimating B.changing
C.restoring D.worsening
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11.A.rigidly B.automatically
C.abnormally D.threateningly
12.A.resulted B.heard
C.learned D.benefited
13.A.promised B.identified
C.denied D.clarified
14.A.young B.neighbor
C.partners D.opponents
15.A.wings B.noses
C.legs D.brains
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【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了Marzluff博士和他的团队研究了乌鸦的大脑是如何工作的。他们将乌鸦的腿绑上塑料带子,然后放了乌鸦,同时对捆绑的乌鸦进行跟踪,发现乌鸦能认出他们的脸,同时发现成年乌鸦甚至会将这些信息传递给幼鸟。
1.B 由上文“Wearing a caveman mask”可知,此处指戴上面具。
2.D 由下文“the crows they had caught and banded”可知,在乌鸦的腿上绑上了塑料带子。
3.A 由上文“caught crows”可知,乌鸦被捕所以不开心。
4.C 由下文“the crows scolded loudly”和实验内容可知,研究人员戴上面具在乌鸦腿上绑上塑料带子,然后将它们放了,之后戴上面具后,发现乌鸦攻击他们,这说明乌鸦能认出他们。
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5.B 由下文“to them”可知,此处指乌鸦没有任何反应。react to固定搭配,意为“对……作出反应”。
6.D 由下文“humans walked by while wearing the masks”和常识可知,为了保证实验的可信性,应是同一批人戴着面具走过。
7.A 由上文“the crows scolded loudly and dived at their”和上文提到的研究者捆绑乌鸦可知,乌鸦把他们当成敌人,在认出他们之后去攻击他们。
8.B 由下文“They look,they think,and they eyeball you”可知,乌鸦能记住敌人的脸。
9.C 由下文“They look”可知,乌鸦一直在观察他们。
10.A 由上文“They look,they think,and they eyeball you”和下文“the situation”可知,乌鸦观察他们是为了估计形势,去攻击他们。
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11.D 由下文“But in later tests,an increasing number of crows began scolding them”可知,乌鸦攻击他们,对他们产生有威胁性的行为。
12.C 由下文“pass this information”可知,乌鸦们从同伴那里得知一些信息。
13.B 由上文“Dr.Marzluff and his team followed banded crows for a year”和下文“that adults even pass this information to their”可知,Marzluff博士和他的团队研究发现乌鸦甚至会将这些信息传递给幼鸟。
14.A 由上文“adults even pass this information to their”可知,成年乌鸦甚至会将这些信息传递给幼鸟。
15.D 由上文讲到的乌鸦能认出它们的敌人可知,Marzluff博士的实验让他研究了乌鸦的大脑是如何工作的。
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Ⅲ.读后续写
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My teenage daughter,Jane,always complained about having to be home earlier than all her friends.She would tell me that she was already seventeen. She believed that she was already an adult,yet still had a curfew(宵禁).
“But you are still in high school,” I said one day when she was complaining again.
“You will never trust me!” she yelled.
Before I could continue,she rolled her eyes,entered her bedroom and shut the door.
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“How could I make Jane see that I only want to keep her safe ” I sighed.
I decided to go for a walk,hoping the cold air would clear up my mind.I opened the front door and nearly stepped on our small black cat,which seemed like a meatball.
“Hi,Meatball,” I said,taking it into my arms and touching it gently.
Meatball sneezed in my arms.Realizing it was too cold outside,I went inside.Meatball seemed happy enough to stay in the warm house.But after an hour or two,it went to the door and wanted to go outside again.
“Why won’t it just stay in with us all the time ” Nathan,my youngest daughter asked.
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I explained to her that it was happy to be here but it liked being able to come and go as it pleased.
“That must be nice,” Jane,who happened to come out for a cup of tea,cut in,“Why the cat,not I,could come and go Why not give Meatball a curfew,too ”
I turned a deaf ear to her complaint.
Later in the night,temperatures dropped unusually low.Meatball stood at the door,meowing to go outside,again.I shook my head at it,being afraid that it might freeze to death.It looked at me and kept meowing.
“I know you’re not happy,but it’s for your own good,” I said,patting its head.
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“Mom’s not being mean to you,” Jane told the cat.“She’s just trying to keep you from turning into a frozen meatball,” said Jane,looking at me meaningfully.
We all laughed at the joke.
The next morning,I couldn’t find Meatball.I asked the kids if anyone had seen her.
注意:1.续写词数应为150个左右;
2.请按如下格式作答。
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“I let it out last night,” Jane said calmly.
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As I drove to the animal hospital,Jane held Meatball inside her coat.
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“I let it out last night,” Jane said calmly.My mouth dropped open and was very angry.I was sure Meatball would die,since it was freezing outside.I grabbed my coat and rushed out.Jane followed me,with fear welling up in her eyes.Several minutes later,we found the poor thing under the car.It curled into a tiny ball and kept shaking.I picked it up and shouted at Jane,“We need to go to the animal hospital.Now!”
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As I drove to the animal hospital,Jane held Meatball inside her coat.I could hear her talking to the cat,apologizing repeatedly.Luckily,Meatball recovered soon.On the way back from the hospital,Jane suddenly turned to me and apologized for the first time,“Mom,I knew that you just wanted to keep me safe.I was happy to stay at home.But I just wanted to stay out a little longer once for a while.Now,I’m ready to observe the curfew.Perhaps it’s good for me.”(共33张PPT)
UNIT 2 BRIDGING CULTURES
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Ⅰ.阅读理解
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(2024九省适应性测试,C)
In his 1936 work How to Win Friends and Influence People,Dale Carnegie wrote:“I have come to the conclusion that there is only one way to get the best of an argument — and that is to avoid it.” This distaste for arguments is common,but it depends on a mistaken view of arguments that causes problems for our personal and social lives — and in many ways misses the point of arguing in the first place.
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Carnegie would be right if arguments were fights,which is how we often think of them.Like physical fights,verbal (言语的) fights can leave both sides bloodied.Even when you win,you end up no better off.You would be feeling almost as bad if arguments were even just competitions — like,say,tennis tournaments.Pairs of opponents hit the ball back and forth until one winner comes out from all who entered.Everybody else loses.This kind of thinking explains why so many people try to avoid arguments.
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However,there are ways to win an argument every time.When you state your position,formulate (阐述) an argument for what you claim and honestly ask yourself whether your argument is any good.When you talk with someone who takes a stand,ask them to give you a reason for their view and spell out their argument fully.Assess its strength and weakness.Raise objections (异议) and listen carefully to their replies.This method will require effort,but practice will make you better at it.
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These tools can help you win every argument — not in the unhelpful sense of beating your opponents but in the better sense of learning about what divides people,learning why they disagree with us and learning to talk and work together with them.If we readjust our view of arguments — from a verbal fight or tennis game to a reasoned exchange through which we all gain respect and understanding from each other — then we change the very nature of what it means to “win” an argument.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。作者阐述了争论的意义和赢得争论的方法。
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1.What is the author’s attitude toward Carnegie’s understanding of argument
A.Critical. B.Supportive.
C.Tolerant. D.Uncertain.
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推理判断题。根据第一段中“This distaste for arguments is common,but it depends on a mistaken view of arguments that causes problems for our personal and social lives — and in many ways misses the point of arguing in the first place.”可知,作者对于Carnegie对争论的看法持批判态度。故选A项。
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2.Why do many people try to avoid arguments
A.They lack debating skills.
B.They may feel bad even if they win.
C.They fear being ignored.
D.They are not confident in themselves.
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细节理解题。根据第二段中“Like physical fights,verbal fights can leave both sides bloodied.Even when you win,you end up no better off.You would be feeling almost as bad if arguments were even just competitions — like,say, tennis tournaments.”可知,很多人尽量避免争论,是因为即使赢了他们也感觉很糟糕。故选B项。
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3.What does the underlined phrase “spell out” in paragraph 3 probably mean
A.Defend. B.Explain.
C.Conclude. D.Repeat.
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词义猜测题。根据画线短语所在句“ask them to give you a reason for their view”可知,让他们为自己的观点提供依据,即让他们充分阐明他们的观点,spell out意为“解释明白,讲清楚”。故选B项。
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4.What is the key to “winning” an argument according to the author
A.Sense of logic.
B.Solid supporting evidence.
C.Proper manners.
D.Understanding from both sides.
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细节理解题。根据最后一段中“If we readjust our view of arguments — from a verbal fight or tennis game to a reasoned exchange through which we all gain respect and understanding from each other — then we change the very nature of what it means to ‘win’ an argument.”可知,作者认为“赢得”争论的关键是通过交流获得彼此的尊重和理解。故选D项。
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B
I saw the Swedish film adaptation (starred by Tobias Almborge and Anna-Lena Brudin) of Fredrik Backman’s incredibly funny,heartbreaking novel “A Man Called Ove”.Toward the end of that film,which was beautifully written and directed by Hannes Holm,there is a scene in which Ove,a widower(鳏夫) in his 60s,takes his neighbours out for a drive.As they ride together,the normally unfriendly and severe Ove sighs,allows himself a rare smile and says:“This is living.”
Most viewers probably didn’t give this little comment of Ove’s a second thought.For me,though,it marked the turning point of Ove’s search for renewed purpose in his life.
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In Ove,Backman has created a character who at times can be unreasonable,stubborn and even downright rude—the sort of man whose shocking and morally unacceptable reactions to everyday situations become the subject of comic anecdotes that are retold countless times by enemies and friends alike.
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Many of the people telling those stories don’t realize,though,that much of Ove’s strange behaviour is actually a symptom of his private heartache. Widowed,living alone and recently pushed into retirement,Ove is struggling at the outset of Backman’s story to find something worth living for,and his unwillingness to share with others what he is going through serves only to further separate him from the world.Ove’s situation reminds me of the isolation we all felt during the pandemic.I saw along with everyone else how quickly loneliness and isolation can influence harmony,driving people apart at a time when we need to connect to others the most.
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Ove is just going on a drive with neighbours when he says,“This is living,” but I think he is feeling the way many of us did when the pandemic became less serious and we began to reconnect with the world.In that moment,Ove has started to find his new purpose just by allowing others back into his life and caring for them.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇影评。文章主要介绍作者对改编自弗雷德里克·巴克曼(Fredrik Backman)非常搞笑、令人心碎的小说《一个叫欧维的男人决定去死》的瑞典电影的评价。
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5.Who is the screenwriter of “A Man Called Ove”
A.Tobias Almborge.
B.Anna-Lena Brudin.
C.Fredrik Backman.
D.Hannes Holm.
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细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Toward the end of that film,which was beautifully written and directed by Hannes Holm”可知,这部电影是汉内斯·霍姆(Hannes Holm)写的。
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6.What can we know about Ove
A.He was born with a bad temper.
B.He is popular with people around.
C.He has integrated himself into society.
D.He suffers from social anxiety disorder.
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细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“In that moment,Ove has started to find his new purpose just by allowing others back into his life and caring for them.”可知,欧维已经让他自己融入社会中。
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7.What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about
A.Ove’s present living situation.
B.The influence of the pandemic.
C.The reasons behind Ove’s strange behaviour.
D.The importance of relationship with others.
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主旨大意题。根据第四段可知,这一段主要讲述欧维的许多奇怪行为的原因。
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8.What is this text
A.A diary entry.
B.A movie review.
C.A book introduction.
D.A short story.
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推理判断题。根据第一段和第二段可知,这篇文章是电影评论。
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Ⅱ.七选五
Left-handed people make up around 12% of the global population.One really interesting fact that I picked up was from a scientist who believed that left-handed people tended to be more independent as a result of having to adapt to a world that is largely built for right-handed individuals. 1
More likely to have allergies and sleep disorders
A study found that left-handed people were 11 times more likely to suffer from allergies than right-handed folk. 2
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Left-handed people use the right side of the brain the most
3 meaning that the right side controls the left side of the body and the other way around.Hence there is a well-known saying “only left-handed people are in their right minds”.The right-hand side of the brain is thought to control the left side of the body and tasks to do with the arts and creativity.
Are left-handed people smarter
4 One 2007 study “Effect of handedness on intelligence level of students” shows that lefties are more likely to have higher IQ.However,another 2010 study “The relationship between hand preference,hand performance,and general cognitive ability” suggests the exact opposite!
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5
Experiments showed that when given two tasks to complete simultaneously (同时),lefties performed best.This is because right-handed people tend to solve problems by breaking them down into parts and analyzing each piece one at a time.While left-handed people tend to look at the problem as a whole and use pattern-matching to try and solve it.
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A.Better at multitasking
B.Smarter than the right-handed
C.As we know,the brain is cross-wired,
D.This one varies depending on how dated your source is!
E.Here are a few more fascinating left-handed people facts!
F.Mixed-handed children are more likely to experience language issues.
G.And lefties were two and a half times more likely to suffer from sleep disorders.
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【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了关于左撇子的一些有趣的事情。
1.E 根据上文可知,研究发现左撇子更独立,浏览下文可知接下来文章主要讲的是左撇子的一些有趣的事情,全文是总—分的结构,由此推知,空处承上启下。E项“Here are a few more fascinating left-handed people facts!”承接上文,引出下文,符合上下文语境。
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2.G 根据本段标题“More likely to have allergies and sleep disorders”可知,本段主要讲的是左撇子更容易过敏和有睡眠障碍。根据空前“A study found that left-handed people were 11 times more likely to suffer from allergies than right-handed folk.”可知,此处讲的是左撇子更容易患过敏症,所以可以推断接下来应该讲的是睡眠障碍问题。G项“And lefties were two and a half times more likely to suffer from sleep disorders.”指出了左撇子更容易患有睡眠障碍,符合上下文语境。
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3.C 根据本段小标题“Left-handed people use the right side of the brain the most”可知,本段主要讲的是左撇子更多地使用右脑。根据空后“meaning that the right side controls the left side of the body and the other way around”可知此处是在对左右脑的交叉控制这一事实进行解释,所以空处应该指出大脑是交叉控制的这一事实。C项“As we know,the brain is cross-wired,”符合上下文语境。
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4.D 根据本段小标题“Are left-handed people smarter ”可知,本段主要围绕着左撇子是不是更聪明来展开。根据空后内容可知,关于左撇子的智商问题,不同日期的研究结果是不一样的。空处位于段首,应是对全段的概括,所以空处应该讲关于左撇子是不是更聪明这个问题的答案与消息来源的日期有关。D项“This one varies depending on how dated your source is!”既回答了小标题的提问,同时也概括了全段,而且D项中的This one指代小标题的问题,符合上下文语境。
5.A 根据本部分内容可知,左撇子在解决问题时更倾向于整体解决问题。空处为本段小标题,所以空处应该讲的是左撇子的另外一个有趣的事实——更善于把问题看作一个整体来解决。A项“Better at multitasking”指出左撇子善于处理多项任务,符合上下文语境。故选A项。
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Ⅲ.语法填空
The stone lion is carved out of stone,1. is the common ornament(装饰物) in traditional Chinese architecture,such as temples,bridges, gardens and so on.A lion indicates 2. (safe) and luck in China.
which
safety
It is said that the lion 3. (introduce) into China in the Han Dynasty from the Western Region.In Chinese culture,a lion is
4. mythical(神话的) figure rather than real animal.After its introduction,a lion gradually became the mascot outside the gate,for Chinese people think that a lion can drive away the evil spirits.Another saying of why people take the stone lion 5. the gate keeper is related to the pronunciation of the stone lion(Shishi) in Chinese.Stone sounds like “Shi” in Chinese with the meaning of solid,and the second “Shi” 6. (refer) to lion sounds similar to “Si” which means “to think about”.
was introduced
a
as
referring
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Stone lions have the obvious local 7. (feature).The lions from the South are 8. (vivid) with many sculptures than the lions from the northern China.The stone lion is carved 9. (base) on a kind of architectural ornament frequently used as the base for decent buildings.
10. (general),the location of the stone lion is settled with the female in the right side and the male the left according to traditional Chinese Yin and Yang philosophy.
features
more vivid
based
Generally
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【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国文化中的石狮。
1.which 考查关系代词。句中先行词为stone lion,在非限制性定语从句中作主语,所以用关系代词which引导。
2.safety 考查词性转换。根据并列连词and后名词luck可知,用名词形式作宾语。故填safety。
3.was introduced 考查动词的时态和语态。根据时间状语in the Han Dynasty可知,用一般过去时。主语the lion为单数,与introduce之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态。故填was introduced。
4.a 考查冠词。名词figure为可数名词,泛指,且mythical发音为辅音音素开头,故填a。
5.as 考查介词。take...as...把……当作……。故填as。
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6.referring 考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词,所以用非谓语动词形式。名词the second “Shi”与refer之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词形式。故填referring。
7.features 考查名词的数。名词feature为可数名词,泛指,用复数形式。故填features。
8.more vivid 考查比较级。根据介词than可知,用形容词的比较级形式。故填more vivid。
9.based 考查非谓语动词。be based on“根据”,在句中作状语,所以用过去分词形式。故填based。
10.Generally 考查词性转换。修饰整个句子,用副词形式作状语。故填Generally。
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Ⅳ.应用文写作
假定你是校学生会负责人李华,来自新西兰友好学校的师生代表将体验你校下周举办的中国传统文化周活动,请你结合图示用英语写一篇欢迎辞。
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注意:
1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.请在相应位置作答。
Dear teachers and fellow students,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Dear teachers and fellow students,
On behalf of the Students’ Union,I’d like to extend warm welcome to you all to the Traditional Chinese Cultural Week to be held in the Arts Center. Aiming to enrich students’ school life and promoting excellent traditional culture,the Week shall take various forms.First of all,there’ll be a Chinese painting exhibition.You can even practice painting on the spot.Besides,the classic recitation activities will present you with the beauty of traditional Chinese culture.You can also enjoy a tea art performance and a Peking Opera show during the week.
Wish you a productive and pleasant week!(共33张PPT)
UNIT 3 FOOD AND CULTURE
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Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Traditional Chinese cuisine is popular and respected all over the world. Chinese meals are famous among foreigners for their colors,ingredients and flavors.The following are four of the Chinese dishes known among foreigners. Click here and see how to cook these dishes.
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Spring Rolls
The Chinese food Spring Rolls’(Chūnjuǎn) name comes from the Spring Festival in China.Spring Rolls are very famous both in China and the rest of the world.They are made of thin lough filled with meat and vegetables,rolled and fried.They are crispy(脆)and very delicious and go to different sizes.
Chow Mein
Chow Mein(Chǎomiàn) is a fried dish with noodles,meat and onions.It has many varieties in different countries.For instance,only in the USA,there are a number of ways to prepare it depending on the place.It is a most popular Chinese takeout dish.On the East Coast the meal is crispy,while on the West Coast—soft.
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Dumplings
Dumplings(Jiǎozi) are one of the most famous and traditional Chinese meals.A dumpling consists of boiled or baked dough filled with meat and vegetables.It has an interesting half-circle shape and curly edges.The filling might be pork,beef and vegetables such as cabbage and onions.
Egg-fried Rice
Egg-fried rice(Dànchǎofàn) is one of the most popular dishes in the world.Many people eat it regularly,either at restaurants or prepare it at home. The dish has a strong delicious smell and it’s very easy to cook with eggs, vegetables and so on.It can be found in every Chinese restaurant.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四种中国传统美食。
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1.Which of the following is related to Chinese New Year
A.Spring Rolls.
B.Chow Mein.
C.Dumplings.
D.Egg-fried Rice.
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细节理解题。根据Spring Rolls中的“The Chinese food Spring Rolls’(Chūnjuǎn) name comes from the Spring Festival in China.”可知,春卷与中国新年有关。故选A项。
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2.What do the four dishes have in common
A.They all have a strong smell.
B.They have the same cooking methods.
C.They are all crispy and very delicious.
D.Their ingredients might include vegetables.
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细节理解题。根据Spring Rolls中的“They are made of thin lough filled with meat and vegetables,rolled and fried.”、Chow Mein中的“Chow Mein(Chǎomiàn) is a fried dish with noodles,meat and onions.”、Dumplings中的“A dumpling consists of boiled or baked dough filled with meat and vegetables.”和Egg-fried Rice中的“The dish has a strong delicious smell and it’s very easy to cook with eggs,vegetables and so on.”可知,这四道菜共同之处是它们的成分都包括蔬菜。故选D项。
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3.Where can we find the passage
A.In a magazine.
B.On a website.
C.In a travel brochure.
D.In a newspaper.
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推理判断题。根据第一段中“Click here and see how to cook these dishes.”可推断,我们可以在网站上找到这篇文章。故选B项。
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B
Homemade biodiesel (生物柴油) helps you speed past the gas station towards fuel independence.Our expert outlines processing used cooking oil in a small DIY plant.
If you’re guiding your household towards a more self-sufficient lifestyle, maybe you’d like to add do-it-yourself fuel to your list of goals.Biodiesel can be created from waste vegetable oil or animal fats,which you can collect free from restaurants,or you can grow soybeans (大豆) to press your own oil. Process the oil with a couple of chemicals to produce homemade fuel that can run any device—including pickups,cars,and home heating systems.
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First,find a reliable source of raw material.Try sourcing used cooking oil from restaurants,functional food companies.If you’re planning to sell your biodiesel,begin by analyzing the available raw material supply,and make plans to size your operation accordingly.Next,build your plant,sized to your raw material supply.A small family operation can fit in the corner of a garage, within the footprint of a single parking space.Allow enough space for a water heater,a tank for storing your incoming feedstock,and a tank for washing your fuel.For starters aim to line up enough feedstock to meet your family’s fuel requirements.
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If you’re collecting used cooking oil from restaurants,expect that 20 percent of the material you gather will be water and bits of fried food.Water is not your friend when making biodiesel,so you’ll need to remove it by heating the oil and allowing the contaminants (污染物) to settle to the bottom before you pour the oil of the top.You’ll have to make a plan for getting rid of the oily waste water.
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Home biodiesel production is not without risks.Making your own fuel will require great attention to detail and safety.Now you know the basics of how to make biodiesel,but you’ll need to research carefully before you begin production.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍一种加工废食用油的DIY的方法。
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4.Where can you get the materials of biodiesel
A.Oil plants.
B.Varied restaurants.
C.Abandoned garages.
D.Local companies.
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细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Biodiesel can be created from waste vegetable oil or animal fats,which you can collect free from restaurants,or you can grow soybeans (大豆) to press your own oil.”可知,生物柴油需要的材料可以从餐馆免费收集获得。
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5.What is the author’s attitude to the use of biodiesel
A.Tolerant.
B.Positive.
C.Unwilling.
D.Opposed.
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推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Process the oil with a couple of chemicals to produce homemade fuel that can run any device—including pickups,cars,and home heating systems.”可知,作者对于生物柴油的使用是乐观的、积极的。
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6.What can we infer about biodiesel production from the last two paragraphs
A.It needs enough water.
B.It goes without any risks.
C.It requires little attention.
D.It needs to be improved.
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推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Water is not your friend when making biodiesel,so you’ll need to remove it by heating the oil and allowing the contaminants (污染物) to settle to the bottom before you pour the oil of the top.”可知,制造生物柴油时,不需要水,选项A错误;根据最后一段“Home biodiesel production is not without risks.Making your own fuel will require great attention to detail and safety.Now you know the basics of how to make biodiesel,but you’ll need to research carefully before you begin production.”可知,家用生物柴油的生产有一定的风险,选项B错误;制造自己的燃料需要非常注意细节,选项C错误;在开始生产之前你需要仔细研究生产过程,即说明这种方法需要改进。故选D项。
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7.What is the text mainly about
A.Some research on biodiesel.
B.An experiment on biodiesel.
C.The importance of biodiesel.
D.One way to make biodiesel.
√
主旨大意题。通读全文,根据第一段“Homemade biodiesel(生物柴油) helps you speed past the gas station towards fuel independence.Our expert outlines processing used cooking oil in a small DIY plant.”同时结合第三段中描述DIY的过程,可知,本文主要介绍一种加工废食用油的DIY的方法。
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Ⅱ.完形填空
Kishwar Chowdhury,who has won millions of hearts with her native food, came a long way from being a home chef to a Masterchef Australia(Australia’s cooking show) finalist,wining the judges with Bengali food.
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The 38-year-old has quite a 1 background to the cooking industry. Kishwar was born and brought up in Melbourne.According to her education, she completed her graduation in Australia,and after that,she 2 her post-graduation degree in London.Then she took up a part-time job in Germany followed by which she 3 six years in Bangladesh 4 her own business there and became a successful business owner.Because of her 5 in cooking,her family encouraged her to take part in the Masterchef Australia competition and became the 6 .
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She had cooked a 7 range of Bengali dishes,leaving the recipes on the world map by 8 world-class judges.In her finale,Kishwar 9 Panta Bhaat and Aloo Bharta which is basically a poor man’s food made of 10 rice and never found in any restaurant.This very choice has made every Bengali across the borders 11 .Kishwar dreams to write a cookbook on Bengali 12 .She hopes to 13 Bengali food to the coming 14 .She is here to 15 Bengali cuisine and bring light to it in the Australian audience and also around the world.
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1.A.constant B.contrasting
C.connective D.common
2.A.pursued B.succeeded
C.contained D.searched
3.A.wasted B.squeezed
C.spent D.spared
4.A.establishing B.examining
C.completing D.copying
5.A.patience B.experience
C.fund D.talent
6.A.leader B.partner
C.audience D.finalist
7.A.casual B.wide
C.free D.relevant
8.A.impressing B.inspiring
C.reminding D.awarding
9.A.possessed B.bought
C.presented D.promised
10.A.precious B.leftover
C.occasional D.fresh
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11.A.emotional B.sensitive
C.scared D.conscious
12.A.customer B.culture
C.cuisine D.literature
13.A.take over B.toss down
C.pass down D.set up
14.A.activities B.themes
C.population D.generations
15.A.experience B.honour
C.affect D.equal
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【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Kishwar在烹饪行业努力学习,在澳大利亚名厨大赛中以拿手的孟加拉菜进入了决赛并给评委留下了深刻的印象。
1.B 根据上文“came a long way from being a home chef to a Masterchef Australia(Australia’s cooking show) finalist”可知Kishwar Chowdhury在烹饪行业有着截然不同的背景。
2.A 根据下文“her post-graduation degree in London”可推理出Kishwar Chowdhury在澳大利亚完成了学业之后,致力于攻读硕士学位。
3.C 根据下文“six years in Bangladesh”可推理出,她用了六年时间在孟加拉国建立企业。
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4.A 根据下文“her own business there and became a successful business owner”可推理出空白处应填表示“建立”的词。
5.D 根据下文“her family encouraged her to take part in the Masterchef Australia competition”可推理出家人认为她在烹饪方面有天赋,故选D项。
6.D 根据下文“In her finale”可知她进入了决赛,成为决赛选手,故选D项。
7.B 根据下文“leaving the recipes on the world map”可知,她做的孟加拉菜种类很多。
8.A 根据上文“She had cooked a wide range of Bengali dishes”可知她做的菜种类繁多,给评委留下了深刻的印象,故选A项。
9.C 根据上文“In her finale”可知,她在比赛中展示自己的作品,故选C项。
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10.B 根据上文“which is basically a poor man’s food”,再分析四个选项,B项“leftover(剩下的)”表达的含义符合语境,表示剩米饭。
11.A 根据上文“never found in any restaurant”可知展示出的作品别具一格,让大家情绪激动,故选A项。
12.C 根据下文“She hopes to Bengali food to the coming generations”可知Kishwar梦想要写一本关于美食的书,故选C项。
13.C 根据上文“Kishwar dreams to write a cookbook on Bengali cuisine”可知,Kishwar打算通过写书的方式将美食传递下去,故选C项。
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14.D 根据上文“She hopes to pass down Bengali food to the coming”可推理出是要把美食知识传给即将到来的下一代,故选D项。
15.B 根据下文“bring light to it in the Australian audience and also around the world.”可知Kishwar很重视孟加拉美食。分析四个选项,B项“honour(致敬)”表达的含义与句子表达的含义一致,honour Bengali cuisine意为“向孟加拉美食致敬”,故选B项。
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Ⅲ.读后续写
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Mama and Papa were like most parents.They wanted the best for their kids.Jeff and Jenna were like most kids.They wanted the best for themselves—the best place in front of the TV,the biggest piece of cake and the most candies.
One night,when the noisy kids were sound asleep,Mama lay awake worrying.She sighed a big sigh,thinking how to teach Jeff and Jenna to mend their selfish ways.Lecturing didn’t work.
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As Mama lay there,she thought about how kids learn.Kids learn by doing. They learn to walk by walking.That’s the answer,thought Mama.The kids will learn to help others by helping others.But questions of who,when,and where went unanswered as she drifted off to sleep.
To her pleasure,those questions were soon answered.The next day,they happened to meet Mrs.Marie,the elderly widow who lived just down the road, at the checkout line at the supermarket.
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Mama asked the kids to say hello to Mrs.Marie,about whom the kids were a little nervous.She was really old and kind of bent over.And there was that crooked cane she used when she walked.But the real reason they were nervous about her was that two days ago their ball had gone into her yard and knocked over some flowers in the garden and broke the glasses of the attic. They had never apologized.
When Mama and the kids were loading their groceries into the car, Mrs.Marie came out of the supermarket pushing her little collapsible shopping cart.
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“Where are you going ” called Mama.
“To the bus stop,” she said.“The bus goes right by my house.” “So does our car,” said Mama.
注意:
1.续写词数应为150个左右;
2.请按如下格式作答。
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Mama asked the kids to help Mrs.Marie into the car and put her things in the trunk(后备厢).________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
As the car was approaching Mrs.Marie’s house,Mama made a decision.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Mama asked the kids to help Mrs.Marie into the car and put her things in the trunk(后备厢).“My goodness,it must be wonderful to have such helpful kids,” Mrs.Marie exclaimed.When the kids realized they were being praised, they broke into a smile,leaning forward to hear better.Mama noticed their change.Here it was the chance.She asked Mrs.Marie,“Is it convenient for you to live alone ”,to which Mrs.Marie’s answer was definitely not.Sometimes,it was really difficult for an old lady like her to get helpers.
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As the car was approaching Mrs.Marie’s house,Mama made a decision. “Kids,shall we help Mrs.Marie do some chores ” Sensing Mrs.Marie was looking at them hopefully,the kids said yes though hesitant.Jenna helped Mrs.Marie into the room,while Jeff brought in all the items.Mama pitched in and helped.Under guidance,the two of them put the items in place.With Mama’s company,they went upstairs to fix the broken attic window,and then downstairs to water the flowers in the garden.A smile flashing on her face, Mama felt relieved to see that kids had learnt to help others by helping.(共32张PPT)
UNIT 4 JOURNEY ACROSS A VAST LAND
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Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Even if you only have one day to spare,these stretches of sand guarantee a relaxing getaway.Start planning your next day by the shore with this list of the best East Coast attractions.
Block Island,Rhode Island
Down the rocky,scenic Mohegan Bluffs,Block Island is known for its 17 miles of beaches.Baby Beach features shallow,gentle surf for kids to play in, and Fred Benson Town Beach offers a bathhouse,rental chairs,and umbrellas. Visitors can take a boat to Block Island from Point Judith and Newport.
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Hampton Beach,New Hampshire
Drive along New Hampshire’s 18-mile coast until you reach Hampton Beach,a broad stretch of sand overlooking the Atlantic Ocean that’s considered one of the cleanest beaches in the country.The attractions include a market with shops,eateries and games,a marine(海洋的) life discovery center,and a historical society.
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Ocean City,Maryland
Choose Ocean City for your next beach vacation if you want a lot of options:You’ll find 10 miles of beaches,a 3-mile boardwalk,a load of restaurants,and tons of shops.There are many pet-friendly hotels,though dogs are only welcome on the beach in the colder months between October 1 and April 30.Horseback riding on part of the beach is allowed in the off-season as well(November to March).
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Canaveral National Seashore,Florida
Canaveral National Seashore attracts space fans and nature lovers alike thanks to its closeness to the Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex and its 24 miles of beach habitat.Kids can enjoy a free Junior Ranger activity book while visiting this island.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了美国东海岸的几个最佳景点。
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1.Which activity can people do on Hampton Beach
A.Go horseback riding.
B.Enjoy a boat travel.
C.Learn more about space.
D.Visit a local market.
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细节理解题。根据Hampton Beach,New Hampshire标题下“The attractions include a market with shops,eateries and games,a marine life discovery center, and a historical society.”可知,在汉普顿海滩可做的事情是参观当地市场。
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2.What do we know about Ocean City
A.It has pet-friendly hotels.
B.It is the cleanest beach.
C.It has a marine life center.
D.It is located in Florida.
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细节理解题。根据Ocean City,Maryland标题下“There are many pet-friendly hotels,though dogs are only welcome on the beach in the colder months between October 1 and April 30.”可知,在大西洋城有宠物友好型酒店。故选A项。
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3.Which of the following has the longest beach
A.Block Island.
B.Hampton Beach.
C.Ocean City.
D.Canaveral National Seashore.
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细节理解题。根据Block Island,Rhode Island标题下“17 miles of beaches”及Hampton Beach,New Hampshire标题下“18-mile coast”及Ocean City, Maryland标题下“10 miles of beaches”及Canaveral National Seashore,Florida标题下“24 miles of beach habitat”可知,卡纳维拉尔国家海岸线是最长的。故选D项。
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B
Every holiday season,Patricia Gallagher fills her car with stuffed animals and drives around Philadelphia.She gives them not to kids but to seniors.
Patricia’s holiday tradition started in 2009.“I just got this idea to call two nursing homes at random and ask if I could come and read It Was the Night Before Christmas,” she said.She brought some of her kids’ stuffed animals for the seniors to hold while she read.“But when I went to gather them and take them back to go to the next nursing home,nobody wanted to give up their stuffed animals,” she added.It was then and there that she realized the power of a simple holiday gift.
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Patricia wanted to continue her tradition of giving,so she put an ad online, asking for gently used stuffed animals.In her first two years of collecting,she received more than 11,000 donated stuffed animals.She said sometimes local schools would hold stuffed animal collections on her behalf,or a child who outgrew their toys would donate.After receiving too many,Patricia started capping how many she would collect at a time,and said she could only take in about 250 stuffed animals each week during the holiday season.Then,she took them to nursing homes.
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“The elderly want stuffed animals not only for comfort,but they were conversation starters.It reminded them of their childhood,” she said.And she recalled one man said,“You know,I never wanted to go to school.And my father said if I would go that day,he would take me to the Brooklyn Zoo.And you know what This was the first animal I saw there and it looked just like this giraffe.”
Spreading joy isn’t just a holiday pastime for Patricia.She is also known as the “Happy Flower Lady” around Philadelphia,because she collects old flowers from stores and passes them out to anyone who needs a pick-me-up.
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“When you give,you really do get more back,” Patricia said.“Every morning,whether it’s the flowers or the stuffed animals,I have a purpose.”
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要说明了Patricia Gallagher每到假日季节,就会在车里装满毛绒玩具,然后开车在费城兜风。这些玩具不是给孩子,而是给老年人。文章介绍了她这一传统开始的时间以及她对此的看法。
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4.Why did Patricia go to the nursing homes in 2009
A.To send gifts to the seniors.
B.To read a story to the elderly.
C.To get over her loneliness.
D.To get rid of her kids’ toys.
√
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Patricia’s holiday tradition started in 2009.‘I just got this idea to call two nursing homes at random and ask if I could come and read It Was the Night Before Christmas,’ she said.She brought some of her kids’ stuffed animals for the seniors to hold while she read.”可知,Patricia在2009年去养老院是为了给老人读故事。
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5.What does the underlined word “capping” in paragraph 3 mean
A.Limiting.
B.Recording.
C.Identifying.
D.Doubling.
√
词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“After receiving too many,Patricia started”以及下文“how many she would collect at a time,and said she could only take in about 250 stuffed animals each week during the holiday season”可知,Patricia在收到太多毛绒玩具后,开始限制每次收集的数量,她说在假期期间她每周只能接收大约250只毛绒玩具。故画线词意思是“限制”。
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6.What can we infer from paragraph 4
A.Seniors love good old days.
B.Cute animals have healing effects on seniors.
C.Giving makes seniors happy.
D.Stuffed animals have more than one function.
√
推理判断题。根据第四段可推知,毛绒玩具不止一种功能。
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7.What does Patricia think of her giving experiences
A.Rewarding.
B.Entertaining.
C.Timely.
D.Tough.
√
推理判断题。根据最后一段可推知,Patricia认为她的捐赠经历是有益的。
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Ⅱ.七选五
Have you ever thought about traveling to new places,but you can’t afford it 1 Basically,you work a few hours each week in exchange for free housing.Both meals and other benefits are often thrown in.The jobs range from cleaning to computer work.You can search by location or for the type of work you’re interested in.One benefit of the more popular programs is that they assist you in different ways.They also charge as little as US $39 and offer extra features. 2 And World packers pride themselves on their attention to safety and security.They carefully check out each potential host.They also provide a 24/7 support network for volunteers and hosts.
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3 You can gain new skills in creativity,leadership,languages and more.You can drown yourself in a new culture.You’ll make new friends because you stay in one place for a while and work.Practically anyone at any age can join a program and travel throughout the year.
Your length of stay depends on your host. 4 Typically,you’ll work 20 to 30 hours a week.This gives you plenty of free time to explore the area.
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When it comes to work exchange opportunities,the sky is the limit! You can help on a farm in Ireland.You might work in a wildlife park in Australia or as a photographer in Mexico.You could work in reception in a Japanese guesthouse.Or you might help at a South African surf camp. 5
Consider a travel work exchange.It might be the most exciting trip you ever take!
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A.The opportunities are endless!
B.How can you work for the program
C.It can be from one week to many months.
D.If so,consider a work exchange program.
E.What are the reasons to do a work exchange
F.That doesn’t mean you have no choice but to stay at home.
G.For example,Workaway’s site lists over 50,000 places to choose from.
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【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是用工作交换旅行的项目。
1.D 空前说“Have you ever thought about traveling to new places,but you can’t afford it ”,说明下文要介绍一种免费或花很少的钱去其他地方旅行的方法,空后说“Basically,you work a few hours each week in exchange for free housing.”,说明有一种用工作换旅游费用的方法,D项“If so,consider a work exchange program.”提出了用工作换旅行的项目,因此承上启下,符合语境,故选D项。
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2.G 空前说“One benefit of the more popular programs is that they assist you in different ways.They also charge as little as US $39 and offer extra features.”,接下来就应该介绍额外的特点具体是什么,G项“For example,Workaway’s site lists over 50,000 places to choose from.”具体说明了这个项目的特点,因此承接上文,符合语境。
3.E 空后说“You can gain new skills in creativity,leadership,languages and more.You can drown yourself in a new culture.You’ll make new friends because you stay in one place for a while and work.”,这是在说参加这个项目的好处,E项“What are the reasons to do a work exchange ”提出为什么参加这个用工作换旅行的项目,空后所列的好处就是原因,因此引起下文,符合语境,故选E项。
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4.C 空前说“Your length of stay depends on your host.”,空后说“Typically, you’ll work 20 to 30 hours a week.”,这说明工作的时间可以很长也可以很短,C项“It can be from one week to many months.”说明工作的时间可以很长也可以很短,因此承上启下,符合语境,故选C项。
5.A 空前说这种项目里的工作机会是无限的,A项“The opportunities are endless!”说明工作机会是无限的,因此承接上文,符合语境,故选A项。
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Ⅲ.语法填空
Liangzhu Museum displays various burial objects found in the Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City,a UNESCO World Heritage Site.The ruins have gained worldwide recognition 1. evidence for the existence of at least 5,000 years of Chinese civilization.
When Zhang Han set foot inside Liangzhu Museum,the 10-year-old embarked on a tour that took him back more than 5,000 years.Wearing the smart glasses,Zhang 2. (present) with virtual images of relics.Augmented reality glasses feature among a string of measures taken by the museum to give visitors a more vivid experience of Liangzhu civilization, while 3. (help) them gain a better appreciation of Chinese culture.
as
was presented
helping
Tourists can also visit the official website of Liangzhu Museum to enjoy a virtual tour.With 4. click of the mouse,they can gain access to exhibition halls that they may never be able to visit 5. (physical).
6. (advance) technologies are increasingly playing a major role in Chinese museums.In the northwestern Chinese city of Dunhuang,7. is known for the UNESCO World Heritage Site Mogao Grottoes,the “digital Dunhuang project” has made extensive use of digitalization.By the end of 2021,it 8. (complete) the digital collection of 268 grottoes,the image processing of 164 grottoes,and so on.
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a
physically
Advanced
which
had completed
The 9. (protect) and revival of Dunhuang’s ancient culture are not an isolated case in China.The Yungang Grottoes in Shanxi Province also have 3D “digital archives”,which allow precious cultural relics and historical archives 10. (preserve) permanently.
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protection
to be preserved
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【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了良渚博物馆和现代技术相结合,让游客可以在虚拟的世界中了解中国文化。
1.as 考查介词。根据“evidence for the existence of at least 5,000 years of Chinese civilization”可知,这片废墟作为中国文明存在5000年的证据被世界认可,故填as。
2.was presented 考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知,空处为句子的谓语动词。根据语境可知,句子为一般过去时态,主语和谓语之间为被动关系,故空处为一般过去时态的被动语态,主语为单数。故填was presented。
3.helping 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,空处为非谓语动词,该动词和逻辑主句the museum之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词。故填helping。
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4.a 考查冠词。a click of “点击……”。故填a。
5.physically 考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知,空处需要副词修饰动词visit。故填physically。
6.Advanced 考查形容词。空处修饰后面的名词,需要形容词作定语。首字母大写。故填Advanced。
7.which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词Dunhuang,先行词在非限制性定语从句中作主语,先行词为物,故填which。
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8.had completed 考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知,空处为句子的谓语动词。根据时间状语“By the end of 2021”可知,句子为过去完成时态。故填had completed。
9.protection 考查词性转换。空处应填名词和revival并列作主语, protection“保护”是不可数名词。故填protection。
10.to be preserved 考查非谓语动词。allow sb/sth to do“允许某人/物做”,且“cultural relics and historical archives”和“preserve”之间是被动关系,应用不定式的被动式。故填to be preserved。
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Ⅳ.应用文写作
假如你是李华,你的英国笔友Richard计划今年暑假来中国旅游并学习中国文化,请你写信给他,内容包括:
1.推荐合适的目的地;
2.说明理由。
注意:
1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.请在相应位置作答。
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Dear Richard,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
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Dear Richard,
I’m glad to hear that you are coming to visit China.There is one city I want to recommend to you.
Beijing,the capital of China,has а long history.Many ancient dynasties made it their capitals,so there are many majestic buildings.If you want to have an enjoyable journey,I advise you to visit the Great Wall,the Summer Palace and the Palace Museum.Besides,Beijing is also famous for its local delicacies that you haven’t tasted.
Wish you а pleasant trip in China!
Yours,
Li Hua(共32张PPT)
UNIT 5 FIRST AID
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Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
You may have wondered how lavender is used for social anxiety.But first, just what is lavender Lavender,also known as English or garden lavender,is a herb native to the Mediterranean region.Historically,lavender was used to mummify bodies in Egypt,in baths in Greece and Rome,and for curing the broken skin and mental health purposes.Today,lavender is used as a traditional or complementary remedy for relaxation,to reduce anxiety,and depression,as well as for diseases such as stomach upset and headaches.
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No scientific studies have specifically examined the benefits of lavender use for social anxiety disorder.In a 2000 study,Cook and Ernst reported that in general,aromatherapy(芳香疗法) is helpful in reducing anxiety and stress in the short-term.A 2012 study also showed some evidence of the usefulness of lavender taken for anxiety.More research is needed to support the use of lavender for the treatment of social anxiety disorder.
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Lavender is usually used in the form of an essential oil as part of aromatherapy.The scent is inhaled,or the oil is applied to the skin,which will benefit the anxious people quickly.Dried lavender can also be used to make a tea or liquid extract.Lavender may also be taken in pill form.Lavender tea can be made by using 1 to 2 teaspoons of dried leaves for 15 minutes in a cup of boiling water.In liquid extract form,no more than 60 drops of lavender should be taken in a day.Before taking lavender in liquid form,you should read the product label and discuss the dose with a qualified health care provider.
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There is not enough scientific evidence to safely recommend lavender for children younger than 18 years.Lavender taken by mouth has the potential to increase the risk of bleeding.If you suffer from a bleeding disorder or are taking medicine that may increase bleeding,use caution when taking lavender.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。薰衣草在古时候就被人们用来治疗疾病。新的研究表明薰衣草可以被用来治疗人们的焦虑。
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1.What can we know about lavender from paragraph 1
A.It can help deal with mental health problems.
B.It was used to preserve dead bodies in Greece.
C.It was used to cure stomach upset and headaches.
D.It is a herb introduced into the Mediterranean region.
√
细节理解题。根据第一段中“...lavender is used as a traditional or complementary remedy for relaxation,to reduce anxiety,and depression,as well as for diseases such as stomach upset and headaches.”故从第一段中我们可以得知,薰衣草可以帮助解决心理健康问题。故选A项。
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2.What is the main idea of paragraph 2
A.The treatment for social anxiety disorder.
B.The history of aromatherapy reducing stress.
C.The benefits of lavender used for mental disorder.
D.The research on the use of lavender for social anxiety.
√
主旨大意题。根据第二段“No scientific studies have specifically examined the benefits of lavender use for social anxiety disorder.In a 2000 study...A 2012 study also...social anxiety disorder.”可知,本段主要介绍了薰衣草对社交焦虑症的益处的两项研究。故选D项。
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3.How is paragraph 3 developed
A.By collecting data.
B.By making a list.
C.By introducing concepts.
D.By making comparisons.
√
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Lavender is usually used in the form of an essential oil as part of aromatherapy...Dried lavender can also be used to make a tea or liquid extract.Lavender may also be taken in pill form.”可知,本段主要罗列了用薰衣草治疗社交焦虑症的方法。故本段采用了“罗列”的方法展开论述。
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4.What can we learn about taking lavender from the text
A.It may worsen the bleeding.
B.It’s proved to be unsafe for kids of 14.
C.Lavender in pill form functions better than that in liquid.
D.A dose should be decided according to the product label.
√
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Lavender taken by mouth has the potential to increase the risk of bleeding.If you suffer from a bleeding disorder or are taking medicine that may increase bleeding,use caution when taking lavender.”可知,服用薰衣草可能会加重出血。
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B
Deveza’s mother was on the waiting list for a kidney transplant(肾移植). Deveza wanted to donate one of her own kidneys—but she was turned down because she might develop the same health problems as her mother in later life.
Deveza came up with a different plan.In 2017,she started the world’s first paired exchange of different organs between living donors,exchanging half her liver(肝) for someone else’s kidney.A case study of the organ exchange has now been published,and the surgeons who were involved are calling for more exchanges like this.“You can imagine the enormous impact for mixed organ extended chains,” says John Roberts,a surgeon at University of California,San Francisco.
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Most organ transplants come from people who have died,but there are never enough organs.As most people can manage with just one of their kidneys,people with kidney failure are increasingly receiving donated organs from relatives or friends.If someone wants to donate but their immune system is unsuited,doctors may be able to find pairs of would-be donors who can each give a kidney to the other’s relative.
When Deveza was looking into such chains,she came across research describing the idea of trading a kidney with the only other organ generally taken from a living donor—the liver.She suggested the idea to many hospitals before she finally contacted Roberts,who saw the idea’s potential.
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Deveza was assessed to be in good enough health to donate part of her liver.It then took 18 months to find Annie Simmons,in Idaho,whose liver was unsuitable to use as a transplant for her sister with severe liver disease.They drew up a plan:Simmons would donate a kidney to Deveza’s mother,and in return,Deveza would give half her liver to Simmons’ sister.The hospital gave the go-ahead and the four operations took place on the same day successfully.
The team hopes that the ground-breaking case will inspire more people to consider doing the same.Roberts says that direct exchanges involving two donors could enable up to thirty extra living-donor liver transplants a year—a ten percent increase.
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【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了Deveza用自己的一半肝脏交换别人的肾脏给自己的妈妈,并取得了成功。这一成功的案例具有积极的影响。
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5.What did Deveza do to save her mother
A.Carrying out a case study.
B.Calling for kidney donations.
C.Launching a medical experiment.
D.Trading half her liver for a kidney.
√
细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“Deveza came up with a different plan.In 2017,she started the world’s first paired exchange of different organs between living donors,exchanging half her liver for someone else’s kidney.”可知,Deveza为了帮助妈妈移植合适的肾脏,用自己的一半肝脏作为交换。
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6.What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A.Patients’ desperation to survive.
B.Several sources of organ donation.
C.Current situation of organ transplants.
D.Doctors’ efforts to improve organ transplants.
√
主旨大意题。结合第三段的“...there are never enough organs” “people with kidney failure are increasingly receiving donated organs from relatives or friends”和“doctors may be able to find pairs of would-be donors who can each give a kidney to the other’s relative”可知,该段主要讲述了器官移植的现状。
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7.What can be inferred about the organ exchange between Deveza and Simmons
A.It discouraged organ donation.
B.It brought two families together.
C.It met with widespread approval.
D.It produced a desirable outcome.
√
推理判断题。根据文章尾段内容可知,她们两个的“器官互换”的成功可以对其他人产生激励作用,从而使直接交换器官的案例增加。由此可推知,这产生了令人满意的结果。
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8.What is the best title for the text
A.My Liver,Your Kidney
B.Mother’s Love,Our Happiness
C.Organ Transplant:Blessing for Patients
D.Organ Exchange:Major Medical Advances
√
主旨大意题。通过阅读文章可知,文章第二段中的“In 2017,she started the world’s first paired exchange of different organs between living donors, exchanging half her liver for someone else’s kidney.”为核心话题——文章主要讲述了Deveza用自己的一半肝脏交换别人的肾脏给自己的妈妈,并取得了成功,下文则以此为延伸讲述了其可能产生的积极影响。因此,选项A“My Liver,Your Kidney”不仅贴合主旨,且作为标题更具有吸引力。
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Ⅱ.完形填空
In 2019,I was staying at a fitness camp in Thailand.After doing 2.5 hours of kickboxing,I began to cough.Thinking it was probably from the intense workout,I brushed off the 1 .
But over the next few hours,I started 2 to even breathe and my heart began to 3 .I panicked and decided to get help.As I was 4 myself to the front desk,a Thai woman saw me and asked what was wrong.I tried to 5 that I couldn’t breathe.
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The woman was so 6 .She was on the phone within 10 seconds, 7 a car to get me to a hospital.Another Thai woman came and talked to me for a few minutes, 8 me I would be okay at the hospital.Ten minutes later,the car came. 9 ,I was taken to a doctor’s office.The nurse couldn’t speak English but 10 me the whole time she examined me.Then she 11 “bronchitis(支气管炎)” on her phone and gave me some medications.
When I got back to the 12 ,many people asked me if I was okay.They checked in on me multiple times a day and brought me food.Over the next week,I 13 .
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It is hard to describe the 14 that I felt at the time,as well as the relief and thankfulness I felt being surrounded by so many 15 strangers who took care of me.I don’t know what would have happened without them.
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1.A.discomfort B.misfortune
C.tiredness D.challenge
2.A.pretending B.breaking
C.struggling D.choosing
3.A.beat B.race
C.stop D.warm
4.A.recommending B.forcing
C.introducing D.dragging
5.A.explain B.claim
C.complain D.argue
6.A.patient B.efficient
C.confident D.innocent
7.A.purchasing B.driving
C.requesting D.stopping
8.A.assuring B.reminding
C.persuading D.showing
9.A.Certainly B.Hopefully
C.Obviously D.Thankfully
10.A.turned to B.smiled at
C.objected to D.stared at
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11.A.saved B.marked
C.deleted D.translated
12.A.office B.home
C.camp D.hospital
13.A.recovered B.escaped
C.retired D.collapsed
14.A.surprise B.fear
C.sorrow D.regret
15.A.humorous B.ambitious
C.helpful D.trustful
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【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在泰国参加一个健康营地时突发疾病,呼吸困难,但在一些乐于助人的陌生人的帮助下作者被送往医院,并很快恢复健康。如果没有他们,不知道事情会怎样。
1.A 根据上文“After doing 2.5 hours of kickboxing,I began to cough.”可知,作者运动后咳嗽起来,即有了不适的感觉。
2.C 根据上文“I began to cough”和“But over the next few hours”可知,几个小时后,作者甚至出现了呼吸困难。
3.B 结合常识可知,人在呼吸困难时,心跳会加快。
4.D 根据上文“I started struggling to breathe and my heart began to .”可知,作者当时的状态非常不好,所以应是拖着自己的身体到前台。
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5.A 根据上文“asked what was wrong”可知,作者向女士解释自己的情况。
6.B 根据下文“She was on the phone within 10 seconds”可知,女士的效率很高,马上就打电话让人送作者去医院。
7.C 根据“a car to get me to a hospital”并结合作者呼吸困难的情况可知,此处指女士要求一辆车送作者去医院。
8.A 根据“Another Thai woman came and talked to me for a few minutes”推知,另一位女士过来的目的是向作者保证作者会没事的。
9.D 根据“I was taken to a doctor’s office”可知,在女士的帮助下,作者终于到达医院,这是不幸中的万幸,因此“谢天谢地”符合语境。
10.B 根据“The nurse couldn’t speak English”和表示转折意义的but可知,护士虽然不会说英语但非常友好,一直对作者微笑。
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11.D 根据上文“The nurse couldn’t speak English”可知,护士不会说英语,因此需要在手机上将泰文翻译成英文。
12.C 根据上文“In 2019,I was staying at a fitness camp in Thailand.”可知,作者从医院出来后回了营地。
13.A 根据上文作者突发疾病,并被送往医院可知,此处指回到营地一周后,作者恢复了。
14.B 根据上文“I panicked and decided to get help.”可知,作者一开始非常害怕,陷入了恐慌。
15.C 结合上文提到前台女士、医生、护士和营友们对作者的帮助和关心可知,在作者看来他们都是乐于助人的人。
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Ⅲ.读后续写
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One morning Jack woke up with an aching arm.He touched it carefully with one finger.Ow! That really hurt! He climbed out of bed and put on his dressing gown(睡袍),very,very carefully.Then he went downstairs.
Mum was in the kitchen,searching for cornflakes(玉米片)in the cupboard.
“We’re out of cornflakes again,” she said,not looking round.
“Mum,” Jack began,“I think there’s something wrong with my...”
But at that moment,Lucy,Jack’s twin sister,came into the kitchen.
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“Mum,” she cried,“I’m very,very ill! Very ill indeed! My stomach hurts really,really bad! I am far too sick to go to school!”
Mum was worried.She felt Lucy’s forehead.“You do feel hot.But you were fine yesterday.”
“I’m not fine now,” said Lucy.“Please,Mum.Can I go back to bed ”
Lucy didn’t even want breakfast.Jack tried to tell Mum about his arm.But Mum was too worried about Lucy.
“Please just get dressed,Jack,or you will be late for school!”
Mum stayed home to look after Lucy.Dad gave Jack a lift to school,and Jack tried to explain about his arm.“I was playing football yesterday and I hit my arm and it still hurts,” he said.
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“Probably just a bruise(瘀伤),” said Dad.“I hope Lucy is better soon.She looked a bit feverish to me.”
It’s always about Lucy,thought Jack crossly.
At school,Jack had to be very careful of his arm.He had to keep it really still.Luckily he could still write with his other hand.At home,Mum was looking after Lucy.She put her back to bed and brought her a glass of warm water.She read her a story.
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“How do you feel now ” she asked.“Would you like to try a little breakfast ”
“I can’t eat a thing,” said Lucy.
Mum was worried.It wasn’t like Lucy not to eat anything.She bent down to pick Lucy’s teddy bear off the floor.As she did so,she caught sight of something under the bed.
注意:
1.续写词数应为 150个左右;
2,请按如下格式作答。
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A huge pile of candy wrappers(包装纸)! And an empty box!
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Mrs.Smailes,the head teacher,came running to meet them.“I think you need to go straight to hospital.Jack is there!”
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A huge pile of candy wrappers(包装纸)! And an empty box!Then Mom knew the reason why Lucy didn’t want to eat anything.She pretended not to find these candy wrappers and asked Lucy if she had eaten something strange. Lucy said “of course not” in an affirmative tone.“Well,I think we have to go to hospital because you look not good,” Mom said.Hearing that,Lucy felt scared and guilty because she was afraid of going to hospital most.To avoid being taken to hospital,Lucy told the truth that she had eaten a box of candy. Knowing the truth,Mom punished Lucy to clean her room and sent Lucy to the school.
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Mrs.Smailes,the head teacher,came running to meet them.“I think you need to go straight to hospital.Jack is there!” Mom heard this news the moment she arrived at the school gate.“What happened to him ” Mom said with a rather worried tone.“Jack’s arm was broken,” Mrs.Smailes replied. When they got to the hospital,they saw Jack was sitting on the chair alone with his arm bound to bandages.Mom burst into tears,asking “How You didn’t tell me ” “I was going to tell you but you didn’t give me a chance,” Jack said. Jack’s word reminded Mom of what she had said and done earlier this morning. “I am sorry.My dear baby.I swear I won’t ignore you,” Mom held Jack with her arms.
