2024年中考英语专题课件：话题二 家庭、朋友与周围的人课件(共61张PPT)

(共61张PPT)
2024年中考英语专题课件
第一部分 话题培优
话题二 家庭、朋友与周围的人
重难点突破
表达能力提升
核心素养培优
家庭、朋友与周围的人（Family，friends and people around）属于《义务教育英语课程标准（2011年版）》话题项目表中第二个话题，二级子话题分别为家人和亲友（Family and relatives）、朋友（Friends）、其他人（Other people）。家庭、朋友与周围的人都是我们平时生活中最亲近的人，想要自如地表达关于家庭、朋友与周围的人的内容，需要掌握以下知识点。
重难点突破
01
1. 指示代词
【观察】① Those are my parents.
② Oh, and these are my brothers.
③ Kate, this is my friend Jane.
④ That’s my grandfather.
【探究】
分类 用法
近指（时间或空间上较近 的人或事物） this 指代可数名词单数
these 指代可数名词复数
远指（时间或空间上较远 的人或事物） that 指代可数名词单数
those 指代可数名词复数
【拓展】（1）回答主语是this 或that 的疑问句时，在答语中用it来代替问句中的this 或that；回答主语是these或 those的问句时，在答语中用they来代替问句中的these或 those。
（2）在电话用语中，常用this指自己，that指对方。
（3）比较级中可用that指代上文提到的同类事物，如果指代对象是复数，则用those。
【运用】单项选择。
（1）—Hello, Linda speaking. Who’s ___
—Hello, this is Martin.
C
A.he B.she C.that D.this
（2）—Is that Lucy’s notebook
—Yes, ___ is.
A
A.it B.that C.those D.they
（3）（2021·绥化中考）The population of Suihua is much smaller
than___ of Harbin.
C
A.it B.one C.that
根据汉语意思完成句子。
（4）这些是我的笔。
__________ my pens.
These are
（5）我是玛丽。
________ Mary speaking.
This is
2. hope的用法
【观察】① We hope to see you again. = We hope that we can see you again.
② I hope you can help me with my math.
【探究】hope作动词，意为“希望”，常用结构：hope to do sth.希望做某事。hope之后还可接that 从句，意为“希望……”。
【运用】根据汉语意思完成句子。
（1）她说她希望见到她的女儿。
She said she hoped _______her daughter.
to see
（2）我希望你能成功。
I ______________ you can succeed.
hope （that）
3. 一般将来时
【观察】① People will have robots in their homes.
② I shall be eighteen years old next year.
③ I’m going to visit the Great Wall.
【探究】一般将来时的基本结构：主语+will/shall/be going to+动词原形。
一般将来时的标志词：later,soon,in a month（in+一段时间）,next time,from now on,tomorrow等。
一般将来时的常见用法：（1）表示在将来的某个时候将要发生的动作或存在的状态（指客观上将来势必发生的事情）。如：
The concert will start in a minute.
（2）“be going to+动词原形”表示计划、打算做某事，表示已决定的、很可能发生的事或有某种迹象表明要发生的事（指主观判断将来肯定发生的事情）。如：
What are you going to do next Sunday
Look at the dark clouds. There is going to be a storm.
【拓展】一般将来时的其他用法：
（1）“be about to+动词原形”和“be to+动词原形”，表示即将发生的动作，意为“很快；马上”。如：
The train is about to start.
（2）go, come, leave, stay, start, begin 等可用现在进行时表示即将发生或安排好要做的事情。如：
She is going there tomorrow.
（3）表示按规定或时间表预计将发生的动作可用一般现在时表示将来的情况。如：
We’re going to Changchun. Our plane takes off at 8：10.
（4）在 if, as soon as, until, when 等引导的时间状语从句中，若主句为一般将来时，从句则用一般现在时表示将来。如：
If it doesn’t rain this afternoon, we’ll have a football match.
【运用】单项选择。
（1）My sister is coming to my home today. She___ with me for a
week.
D
A.stays B.stayed C.has stayed D.will stay
（2）（2021·贺州中考）I don’t know if Lucy to Jack’s party next
Sunday. If she___, so will I.
D
A.goes; goes B.will go; will go C.goes; will go D.will go; goes
（3）（2023·达州中考）—I wonder if Li Hua to the hospital to
receive COVID-19 vaccinations（疫苗接种）.
—I’m sure he will if he ___ time.
B
A.goes; will have B.will go; has
C.will go; will have D.goes; has
（4）—Let’s discuss the plan, shall we？
—Not now. I ___ an interview.
C
A.am having B.would have
C.am going to have D.was going to have
（5）The ship ___ in 10 minutes.
C
A.left B.is left C.leaves D.has left
4. 辨析 there be与have
【观察】① There will be only one person to get the money.
② There is going to be a sports meeting next week.
③ I have two books and a pen.
④ He has a big family.
【探究】（1）there be 句型表示“存在；有”，即什么地方或什么时间存在什么人物或事物。其中 be 动词有时态、人称和单复数变化。如果有两个或两个以上的词作主语，be 动词要和最靠近它的那个词在人称和数上保持一致。
（2）there be 句型的将来时为： there will be 或者 there is going to be，其中be动词永远都是原形。
（3）have/has 则表示“某人拥有某物”。当主语为第三人称单数时，谓语动词用 has; 其他人称作主语时，谓语动词用 have。
【运用】单项选择。
（1）There ___ a boy and two girls on the playground.
C
A.are B.has C.is D.have
（2）There ___ a new supermarket around the corner next year.
C
A.is B.are C.will be D.will have
（3）My grandparents ___ 4 lovely pets.
A
A.have B.there is C.has D.there are
5. 辨析few, a few, little与a little
【观察】① I knew few people there.
② I have only a few books.
③ They have very little money.
④ A little water is enough.
【探究】few 和 a few 修饰可数名词复数，few 表示否定意义，a few 表示肯定意义；little 和 a little 修饰不可数名词，little 表示否定意义，a little 表示肯定意义。
【运用】单项选择。
（1）This is a very old song, so___ young people know it.
A
A.few B.little C.a few D.a little
（2）There aren’t many oranges here, but you can take ___ if you want.
B
A.few B.a few C.a little D.little
（3）Shanghai Waihuan Tunnel is already open to traffic, so it will take
us ___ time to go to Pudong International Airport.
D
A.a few B.fewer C.a little D.less
（4）In order to keep healthy, you should eat fast food,___ fresh
vegetables and take enough exercise.
B
A.fewer; fewer B.less; more C.fewer; more D.less; less
6. 辨析family, home, room与house
【观察】① Jeff’s family is having a yard sale.
② My family are watching TV now.
③ He is studying at home now.
④ He is not in the room now.
⑤ I want a big house with a big garden.
【探究】
单词 含义 用法
family 家，家庭 作主语时，谓语动词用单数
家庭成员或人口 作主语时，谓语动词用复数
home 家；家乡；故乡 指个人或家庭住所/所在地，通常含有感彩
room 房间 作可数名词，指房子里的“房间”
house 房屋；住宅 指居住的建筑物
【运用】用family, home, room 或house 填空。
（1）I’d like to book a ______ with a view of the lake.
room
（2）Linda bought a big ______ for her parents in her hometown.
house
（3）Almost every _______ in the country owns a television.
family
（4）Sally considers Xi’an as her second ______ because she has lived
there for ten years.
home
7. ask的用法
【观察】① My mom asked to go alone.
② He asks me not to swim in the river.
③ If you have questions, you can ask the teacher for help.
④ My teacher asked me about my family.
【探究】
【运用】单项选择。
（1）Jessica found it difficult to remember new words. So she asked her
teacher ___ advice.
A
A.for B.to C.at D.in
（2）These parents asked the teacher ___ the exam results of their
children.
C
A.for B.by C.about D.with
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
（3）My parents ask me not ______（go） out after 9 p.m. They think
it’s too dangerous for me.
to go
8. 辨析both与all
【观察】 ① Both my sister and I study in this middle school.
② All Chinese people are united to fight against COVID-19.
【探究】
单词 用法 例句
both 表示“两者都”，其反义词 为neither My parents both like Beijing Opera.
all 表示“三者或三者以上 都”，其反义词为none Bill is the tallest of all the boys.
【运用】用both或all填空。
（1）It’s our dream to have less and less pollution in our city. I think
_____ the government and our citizens should do something for it.
both
（2）____ the passengers must show their ID cards and tickets to the
station workers when they get through the railway station entrance.
All
9. similar 的用法
【观察】① We have very similar interests.
② My opinion is similar to yours.
③ The two cities are similar in many ways.
【探究】 （1） similar作形容词，意为“相似的；类似的”，可在句中作定语或表语。
（2） 常用固定短语有：be similar to… “与……相似”,其反义短语是be different from… “与……不同”；be similar in…“在……方面相似”。
【运用】根据汉语意思完成句子。
（1）研究表明，成功的语言学习者在很多方面都是相似的。
Research shows that successful language learners _____________
many ways.
are similar in
（2）国与国之间的文化与风俗是不同的。
Cultures and customs are very _____________ country to country.
different from
（3）我的观点和我们班大部分学生的是相似的。
My opinion ____________ that of most students in my class.
is similar to
表达能力提升
02
Ⅰ.补全对话
根据下面对话中的情境，在每个空白处填入一个适当的语句，使对话
恢复完整。
（Sue=S Ken=K）
S: Hello, Ken! Can you give me a lift
K:1._____________. I don’t have a car right now.
S: Oh, that’s too bad! I want to go to the Central Hospital.
K: Why 2.___________
Sorry, I can’t
Are you ill
S: No, I’m all right. My English teacher is there. She is ill and has
to stay in the hospital.
K:3. _____________________. Why don’t you buy her some flowers
S:4.__________________. I will buy some flowers in the shop.
K: That’s good. And I can borrow a car and take you there.
S: Thank you very much.
K:5. _______________.
I’m sorry to hear that
That’s a good idea
You’re welcome
Ⅱ.书面表达
（2022·湘潭中考）亲爱的同学，恭喜你即将毕业。在过去的三年初中学习中，你的老师教导、关心、帮助过你。请你选择一位老师，表达你对他（她）的感激之情。
内容包括：1.你对这位老师的印象；
2.你感谢他（她）的原因；
3.你对他（她）的祝福。
要求：1.可适当举例或拓展；
2.文中不能出现可能透露真实身份的任何信息（如校名、师生名字等）；
3.词数：不少于70。（开头已给出，但不计入总词数。）
It’s time for me to say goodbye to my junior school life. I’m here to say thanks to_________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
my English teacher Mr. Zhang. She is very kind and patient. She has helped me a lot in my studies since I came to this school. When I was in trouble, she used to encourage me and give me some good advice. At one time I failed to pass an English test and I was very sad about it. She came and cheered me up. She told me some good ways to improve my English. With her help, I have made great progress in English. I’m so thankful to her for her kind help that I will work harder and try to do better in the future. I hope she will become better and better.
核心素养培优
03
Ⅰ.完形填空
（2023·衡阳中考改编）阅读下面短文，理解大意，从所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。
Mona was a young girl who lived in India. One night she saw the moon climbing into the sky slowly. It was so beautiful! Suddenly, a shining line of light from the moon danced right into . .1. . room and said, “The old woman on the moon invites you for a visit. Will you come with me I will bring you . .2. . in a few days.”
Mona was very excited and . .3. . with the moonbeam （一缕月光）. Stars and planets hurried past them. At last they reached the top of a mountain. The moonbeam finally stopped at the entrance of a beautiful castle which was made of moonstones.
A very old woman, whose white flowing hair almost touched the ground . .4. . greeted the girl. She said, “You are the first human whom I have ever met. I have been here for millions of years. I am so . .5. .. Please tell me about your life.”
Mona was a kind girl and she had compassion （同情） for the old woman. In the following days she stayed with the old woman and told her about the life on . .6. ..
Suddenly, Mona felt someone was pushing her. Then she opened her eyes and saw her mom. Her mother said to her, “Mona, wake up! You have . .7. .the whole day. Come and have some food.”
Later on, Mona took part in a writing competition in her school. Mona wrote about her wonderful dream . .8. . won first prize. Mona’s
parents were very happy with . .9. . their daughter achieved and encouraged her to keep on writing. Soon Mona became a . .10. . and wrote many good stories for children.
1.( )A.my B.her C.his D.its
B
2.( )A.down B.up C.back D.for
C
3.( )A.put off B.set off C.get off D.take off
B
4.( )A.gently B.angrily C.impolitely D.loudly
A
5.( )A.worried B.lonely C.nervous D.sad
B
6.( )A.earth B.moon C.ground D.sun
A
7.( )A.studied B.slept C.played D.worked
B
8.( )A.and B.or C.but D.so
A
9.( )A.how B.that C.what D.which
C
10.( )A.doctor B.writer C.teacher D.nurse
B
Ⅱ.阅读理解
（2022·衡阳中考改编）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填
入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Parents can be very important teachers in our lives. 1. ___Parents
may be too close to their children emotionally （感情上）. Sometimes
they can only see their children through the eyes of a protector. 2. ___
However, it might seem too dangerous for a parent.
B
E
Another problem is that parents may expect their children’s interests
to be similar to their own. 3. ___ But what if their children’s true love
is art or writing, or car repair
Parents usually want to pass on their values to their children. But
should children always believe what their parents do 4. ___ But when
they get older, they will have different ways of thinking.
The most important thing to realize is that we all have many
teachers in our lives. Our parents teach us, our teachers teach us, and
our friends teach us. 5. ___All of them are valuable.
A
F
D
A.If they love science, they may try to force their child to love science,
too.
B.However, they are not always the best teachers.
C.Teachers are always ready to help their students.
D. Books, newspapers and televisions also teach us.
E.For example, a teacher might see a trip to a big city as a valuable
experience.
F.When children are young, they believe that their parents are always
right.
G.Children always believe that their parents are right.
Ⅲ.短文填空
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词。）
work, she, win, love, eight,
match, fast, parent, be, try
Hi Alice,
My name’s Zhao Ming and I’d like to be your pen friend. I’m 16
years old. I have two little brothers. They’re very 1._______. I often help
lovely
my 2._______ look after them in my spare time. My mother 3._______
in a toy shop. She loves 4.____ job. And my father 5.___ an engineer.
He is busy every day. He 6._____ to spend more time with us.
I’m in the school basketball team. We usually play 7.________ on
Saturday mornings. Last week, we played against another school. They
ran 8.______ than us. However, we had better teamwork. Finally, we
9._____! How happy we were! This is the 10._______ time we have
beaten them.
parents
works
her
is
tries
matches
faster
won
eighth
Could you tell me something about you
Best regards,
Zhao Ming
Ⅳ.任务型阅读
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成下列各题。
At 5: 30 a.m., when the sky just begins to brighten, a thin person with a book in hand, is waiting for students in the classroom. Liu Xiuxiang, 34, is a history teacher at Wangmo Experimental High School. Since 2012, Liu has been teaching in his hometown, Guizhou Province. Given the title of “most beautiful teacher” in 2020, Liu was also chosen as a delegate（代表）to the 20th CPC National Congress（中国共产党第二十次全国代表大会）．
“ I’m just one of the tens of thousands of teachers in the mountains. I will not only give more attention to the students,but also help provide hope to the teachers in these areas, ” Liu said.
When Liu was 4, his father died of an illness. Liu had to get money for his studies and take care of his mother all by himself. In 2008, Liu came to Linyi University in Shandong Province to study history. During college, besides studying and taking care of his mother, he took on many part-time jobs.
When Liu graduated（毕业）in 2012,he decided to become a teacher in his hometown. “I want to tell the children from poor families that, whenever they face difficulties, they must hold on to their dreams. It will help them a lot.”
“My teaching dream is to give up on no one; every child should have a better future, ” Liu said.
1.What did Liu Xiuxiang do during college
He _______at school, ____________his mother
and______________________.
studied
took care of
did many part-time jobs
2.What does the underlined word “It” refer to
It refers to _________________________.
holding on to their dreams
3.What did Liu Xiuxiang do after graduating from college in 2012
He ________________________and________________.
returned to his hometown
became a teacher
4.From the last paragraph what do you think of Liu Xiuxiang
He is a _____person who is willing to devote himself
to__________________________.
kind
teaching students knowledge
thanks