2024年中考英语专题课件：话题一 个人情况课件(共69张PPT)

(共69张PPT)
2024年中考英语专题课件
第一部分 话题培优
话题一 个人情况
重难点突破
表达能力提升
核心素养培优
个人情况（Personal background）属于《义务教育英语课程标准（2011年版）》话题项目表中第一个话题，二级子话题分别为个人信息（Personal information）、家庭信息（Family information）、学校信息（School information）、兴趣与爱好（Interests and hobbies）、工作与职业（Jobs and careers）。想要完整且有条理地描述个人情况，需要掌握以下知识点。
重难点突破
01
1. “What do／does +主语+look like？”的用法
【观察】① What do your sisters look like
②What does he look like？
【探究】 “What do／does +主语+look like？”用来询问人物的外貌特征，意为“……看上去怎么样？”或“……长什么样？”。回答时常用以下两种结构：
（1）主语+have／has+名词（名词前可以有多个形容词修饰）。如：
She has long straight hair and big eyes.
（2）主语+be+描述人物外貌特征的形容词。如：
I’m tall and handsome.
【运用】单项选择。
（1）—What do you look like
—I’m ___.
B
A.tired B.tall C.kind D.happy
（2）What Amy and her brother ___ like
B
A.does; look B.do; look C.is; look D.do; looks
2. play 的用法
【观察】① I can play the guitar and the piano.
② He is good at playing chess.
③ Do you like the play today
④ Everyone should play a role in protecting the environment.
【探究】（1）play作动词，用法如下：
（2） play作名词，意为“剧本；戏剧；玩耍；比赛”。如：a radio play广播剧
【运用】单项选择。
（1）（2023·连云港中考）—Shall we play basketball this afternoon
—Good idea! Do you have ___ basketball
D
A.the; a B.a; a C./; / D./; a
（2）（2023·天水中考）Jim started to play ___ violin when he was
five.
C
A.a B.an C.the D./
根据汉语意思完成句子。
（3）吉姆每周都会和朋友们一起打排球。
Jim _______________ with his friends every week.
plays volleyball
（4）父母应该花时间和孩子一起玩耍。
Parents should spend time ____________ their children.
playing with
3. “What do／does +主语+ do ” 的用法
【观察】① What does he do？
② What do your parents do
【探究】 “What do／does +主语+do？”用来询问人物的职业，意为“……是做什么的？”，相当于“What is sb.’s job？”。回答时常用以下结构：
主语+is+名词（名词前可以有多个形容词修饰）。如：
He is a （math） teacher.
【运用】根据汉语意思完成句子。
（1）——你妈妈是做什么的？
——我妈妈是一位电脑编程师。
—___________ your mother do
—My mother is a ____________________.
What does
computer programmer
（2）——汤姆是做什么的？
——汤姆是一个幽默的演员。
—________ Tom’s job
—Tom is _________________.
What is
a humorous actor
4. 辨析dress, put on, in与wear
【观察】① She dressed herself quickly.
② He puts on his school uniform and then leaves home.
③ Tom was all in black.
④ Sally was thin and wore glasses.
【探究】
词（组） 词性 含义 用 法
dress 动词 （给某人） 穿衣服 常用结构为：dress sb. 或dress
oneself
put on 动副短语 穿上；戴上 强调穿或戴的动作
in 介词 穿着；戴着 强调穿或戴的状态，后接表示颜色或
服装等的名词
wear 动词 穿着；戴着 强调穿或戴的状态，后接表示衣服、
鞋、帽、袜、手套、眼镜、手表、徽
章、首饰等的名词
【运用】用dress, put on, in或wear的适当形式填空。
（1）You’d better ______ blue pants with brown shoes.
wear
（2）Please _______ your coat; it’s cold outside.
put on
（3）She looks pretty ___ a white shirt.
in
（4）The girl is old enough to ______ herself.
dress
5. 辨析silent，silently与silence
【观察】① She was always silent in class.
② Listening silently is a good quality that we should have.
③ We looked at each other in silence.
【探究】（1）silent作形容词，意为“沉默的；寂静的”，在句中常作表语或定语。keep silent保持沉默。
（2）silently作副词，意为“沉默地；寂静地”，在句中常作状语，修饰行为动词。
（3）silence作名词，意为“沉默；寂静”，在句中常作主语或宾语。in silence沉默地。
【运用】用silent,silently或silence填空。
（1）The two girls sat there, face to face in _______.
silence
（2）When asked why he was late, he kept ______.
silent
（3）At first I just sat________, trying to find out what happened.
silently
6. 辨析 speak，say，talk 与 tell
【观察】① He can’t speak English well.
② Do as I say，not as I do.
③ The teacher is talking to him.
④ Can you tell me how to get to Chinatown？
【探究】
单词 含义及用法 常用词组或结构
speak 意为“说”，强调 说的语言或者说 话的能力 speak English说英语
speak to sb.和某人说话
say 意为“说”，强调 说话的内容 say thanks/sorry/goodbye to sb. 向某人道谢/道
歉/道别
say sth. to sb. 和某人说某事
单词 含义及用法 常用词组或结构
talk 意为“谈话”，强 调与某人交谈 talk to/with sb. 与某人交谈
talk about sth. 谈论某事
tell 意为“告诉；讲 述”，强调讲给 别人听 tell sb. （about） sth.＝tell sth. to sb. 告诉某
人（关于）某事
常用词组有tell a story, tell a lie, tell the
truth, tell a joke等
续表
【运用】用 speak, say, talk 或 tell 的适当形式填空。
（1）People often ____ “Hello” or “Hi” to friends when they meet each
other.
say
（2）Lisa often _____ with her friends on the phone and they have a
close friendship.
talks
（3）The accident _____ us to follow the traffic rules and to love our
lives.
tells
（4）Mary is an excellent girl. She can ______ Chinese, English and
French.
speak
7. 辨析such与so
【观察】① This party is such a great idea!
② He’s so popular now.
③ Billy has changed so much!
【探究】such和so都可以用来表示程度，意思是“如此；这样”，但用法却不相同。
（1）such是限定词，用来修饰名词；so是副词，用来修饰形容词或副词。
（2）可数名词单数前有不定冠词与形容词时，such和so的位置不同。前者为：such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数；后者为：so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数。二者都表示“如此……的一个……”。如：
It’s such an interesting story. = It’s so interesting a story.
（3）名词前有表示“多少”意义的many、 much、 few、 little等修饰时，要用so，不用such。如：
He has so many questions to ask his teacher.
（4）后接可数名词的复数形式、不可数名词或集合名词时，无论有无many、much、few、little之外的修饰词都用such。如：
They have made such great progress.
【运用】用such或so填空。
（1）Don’t speak ____ fast. I can’t follow you.
so
（2）She is _____ a kind woman.
such
（3）I’ve never seen ____ tall a child.
so
（4）There are ____ few people in the hall.
so
（5）Grandpa often told us _____ funny stories.
such
（6）Don’t go out in _____ bad weather.
such
8. 情态动词
【观察】① She can go to school by herself.
② —Can you sing an English song
—No, I can’t.
③ You must finish your homework on time.
④ —Must I finish the project today
—No, you needn’t.
⑤She may lose her way.
⑥ —May I go now
—No, you can’t.
⑦You needn’t come to school so early.
⑧—Need I finish the work today
—Yes,you must.
【探究】以下为初中常见的情态动词的用法：（1）情态动词有一定的词义，但不能单独作谓语，必须和行为动词或系动词连用，构成谓语。
（2）情态动词无人称和数的变化。
（3）否定形式直接加not。
（4）一般疑问句将情态动词直接提前。
（5）由 must 或 need 引出的一般疑问句，肯定回答用 must 或 have to；否定回答用 needn’t 或 don’t have to。
（6）对may表请求时的否定回答，一般用can’t。
区分以下几组情态动词：
can与can’t
单词 含义 例句
can 表示能力，意为“能； 会”，可与be able to互换 With a good knowledge of English,
students can communicate with more
people.
表示请求、允许，意为 “可以” Can we bring music players to
school？
单词 含义 例句
can’t 表示能力，意为“不能； 不会” We can’t answer the question.
表示否定推测，语气强 烈，意为“一定不，不可 能”，可能性几乎为零 Miss Gao can’t be in the classroom. I
just saw her in the supermarket.
续表
could与couldn’t
单词 含义 例句
could can的过去式，意为“能；会” You could help to clean up the
city parks.
在疑问句中表示委婉的请求 Could you just tell him to call
me back？
单词 含义 例句
could 表推测，意为“有可能；也 许”，有20%～80%的可能 性，语气缓和，较委婉 I think the train to Beijing could
be late.
couldn’t could的否定式，意为“不 能；不会” Because of the bad weather, we
couldn’t see anything below.
续表
must与mustn’t
单词 含义 例句
must 表示主观看法，意为“必须； 一定” Players on the same team
must work together to get the
ball into the other team’s
basket.
表示非常有把握的肯定推 测，有100%的可能性，意为 “一定；肯定” The light is still on, so he
must be at home.
mustn’t must的否定式，意为“一定不 要”,表禁止 You mustn’t play football on
the road.
may与might
单词 含义 例句
may 表示请求、许可，意为“可以” May I sit here？
意为“有可能；也许”，用于肯定 句，表示把握不大的推测 His answer may be right.
might may的过去式，表示请求、许可， 语气比may更委婉 Might I ask you a question？
表推测，意为“有可能；也许”，可 能性低于may，语气缓和，较委婉 She might have gone to the
library.
need与needn’t
单词 含义 例句
need 意为“需要；必须”，主要用于否定句和疑问句中 Need I attend the meeting
tomorrow？
needn’t need的否定形式，意为“不必；无需” We needn’t get up early on
Sunday.
should与shouldn’t
单词 含义 例句
should 意为“应该”，表示要求和命令，也可以表示劝告或建议 We should work harder to protect
our world.
shouldn’t 意为“不应该” You shouldn’t start eating first if
there are old people at the table.
will与would
单词 含义 例句
will 表示询问、请求，用于疑问 句中，常用于第二人称 Will you come with us？
would will的过去式，用于转述，意 为“将；将会”，也可以表示 意志、愿望或决心等 Jane said she would not go with
Tom, for she didn’t have time.
【运用】单项选择。
（1）We ___ do exercise very often. It’s good for our health.
C
A.can B.may C.should D.will
（2）Even Einstein ___ read until he was seven, so you don’t need to
worry.
A
A.couldn’t B.mustn’t C.can’t D.needn’t
（3）If you ___ solve the task, you can ask others for help.
A
A.can’t B.needn’t C.mustn’t D.shouldn’t
（4）—Dad, must we wait until the light becomes green
—Yes, I’m afraid we ___. That’s the traffic rule.
C
A.can B.may C.have to D.need
（5）You’d better bring an umbrella when you go out because it ___
rain.
B
A.mustn’t B.might C.can D.shouldn’t
（6）Dory ___ be on the playground. I saw her running there just now.
D
A.might B.may C.should D.must
（7）—What will the weather be like tomorrow
—It ___ be sunny or windy. I’m not sure.
C
A.mustn’t B.shouldn’t C.may D.need
表达能力提升
02
Ⅰ.补全对话
根据下面对话中的情境，在每个空白处填入一个适当的语句，使对话
恢复完整。
A: Hello, I am a new student from Boston. Could you please tell
me if it is Class 2, Grade 9
B: Yes. 1._____________ Don’t you remember me I am Tom.
A: Oh, Tom! Yes, I am Paul. We were in the same primary school,
right
Are you Paul
B: Yeah. You liked playing football. And you were a sports star in
school.
A:2.____________________________. But now you are strong and
tall. So I didn’t…
B: Really Now my favorite subject is P.E.What’s your favorite
subject
A:3.___________________________. I haven’t played football since
my foot hurt.
You used to be thin and short
My favorite subject is history
B: History is interesting. Are you OK now
A: Yes, I am. But I can’t play it again.
B: It’s a pity that you can’t be a football player.
4.____________________________________
A: I am going to be a doctor in the future. How about you
B: I want to be a scientist to make our country stronger.
A: You are great. I think you can make it.
B:5.___________.
What are you going to be in the future
Thank you
Ⅱ.书面表达
（2022·乐山中考）在中国共产主义青年团成立100周年之际，你校将开展“如何成为一名优秀学生”的征文活动。为此，请你给校报英语专栏写一篇短文，并倡议越来越多的同学入团。内容包括：
1. 爱国爱家，了解团史；
2. 与人和睦相处，乐于助人；
3. 努力学习，养成良好习惯；
4. 锻炼身体，保持健康。
要求：1.可适当增加细节，使行文连贯；
2.文中不得出现真实姓名和学校等信息；
3.词数：不少于70。（开头已给出，但不计入总词数。）
参考词汇：the Communist Youth League of China （ CYLC ） 中国共产主义青年团, anniversary n.周年纪念日
This year is the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Youth League of China. Our school will hold an activity about how to be an excellent student. I think we should do the following things.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Firstly, it’s important to love our country and family. Thanks to them, we can live a happy life. Learning about the history of the Communist Youth League of China is necessary for us. Secondly, we should get on well with our teachers and classmates. Especially, when people are in trouble, we should be ready to help them. In order to achieve our Chinese Dream, we should try our best to study hard and get good habits. Finally, we should keep healthy by exercising.
In a word, if we are strong, our country will be strong. So I hope more and more junior school students will join the Communist Youth League of China.
核心素养培优
03
Ⅰ.完形填空
（2022·遂宁中考）阅读下面短文，理解大意，从所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。
Zhang Ming and Zhang Peng are twin brothers. When they were young, they were interested in . .1. . Chinese culture like Chinese clay art and Beijing Opera. In these art forms, they could . .2. . something to learn. One day, they met an old man . .3. . is good at shadow puppet play （皮影戏）. . .4. . they saw the play, they fell in love with it. So they decided to . .5. . the old man.
After 5 years’ study, they could . .6. . by themselves. When they acted in the village, the villagers sat in front of a white screen and watched the plays happily. Zhang Ming usually stood . .7. . the white screen and held different kinds of characters. Zhang Peng did the voices of the different characters. . .8. . of the villagers liked their performances and hoped they could . .9. . performing. “It’s not easy,” Zhang Ming said. “We can’t get much money from it. Sometimes we even have . .10. . money to buy tools we need. But we want to keep this art form alive. So we will stick to it no matter how hard it is!”
1.( )A.young B.traditional C.new D.modern
B
2.( )A.find B.make C.hear D.want
A
3.( )A.which B.when C.where D.who
D
4.( )A.Unless B.As soon as C.Even though D.In order that
B
5.( )A.play with B.hear from C.learn from D.depend on
C
6.( )A.dance B.write C.perform D.report
C
7.( )A.on B.in C.under D.behind
D
8.( )A.All B.None C.Both D.Neither
A
9.( )A.put off B.end up C.keep on D.take up
C
10.( )A.much B.little C.enough D.some
B
Ⅱ.阅读理解
（2023·宜昌中考改编）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Why do you need hobbies A study has found that people are more
positive （积极的） when they take part in a relaxing activity.1. ___
Scientists also think they might be good for your brain.
How do you choose the right hobby Start with what you enjoyed
in the past. Did you once play football 2. ___ If you find it isn’t for
G
C
you, stop and turn to something new. Probably joining a class or a team
will give you a chance to meet other people.
Which relaxing activities are good for physical health It’s clear that
exercise is going to be good for your body, for example walking. 3. ___
A review of 94 studies found that dancing three times a week improved
balance in older people. Getting out in nature is helpful, whether you’re
hiking or doing something less active.
A
Which hobbies keep your mind active 4. ___ Playing the piano or
listening to your favorite band can help you make it. Researches have
found reading is also good for your brain.
5. ___So let’s take up great hobbies.
E
D
A.Dancing is wonderful exercise.
B.Swimming is good for our health, too.
C.Take it up again or start something else.
D.Hobbies let you forget your worries and have fun.
E.Learning an instrument and reading are the best choices.
F. It’s good for you to read every day.
G.Other studies have shown that hobbies can give you a sense of
achievement.
Ⅲ.短文填空
（2021·成都中考改编）用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词。）
argue, beautiful, far, study, good, heat, include, special, succeed, work
Xu Yuanchong was a famous Chinese modern translator. Born in
Nanchang, Jiangxi Province in 1921,he 1._______ with Qian
Zhongshu,Wu Mi and other Chinese masters at The National Southwest
Associated University. He went to University of Paris for 2._______
studied
further
study after graduating from Tsinghua University.
Over the course of a translation career（生涯）lasting more than
seventy years, Xu translated about 120 works,3._________ The Book of
Songs, The Songs of Chu and The Red and the Black. He focused
4._________ on poetry（诗歌）. Xu is also the only person in China
who 5.___________ translated poetry to and from Chinese, English and
French, in a very precise（准确的）and beautiful way. His 6._______ are
often chosen as textbooks for foreign language learners.
including
specially
successfully
works
Xu paid much attention to the 7._______ of image, sound and form.
He would leave something out and add something to make the translated
works more beautiful. During his translation career, he was at the center
of many 8.________ debates（辩论）with other translators. But Xu said,
“I am not afraid of 9.________ because the truth becomes clearer with
each debate.”
Unfortunately,Xu passed away on June 17,2021. To everyone, he
once sent a wish: “Good, better, best. Never let it rest until your good is
better, and your better is 10._____.”
beauty
heating
arguing
best
Ⅳ.任务型阅读
（2021·长沙中考改编）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成下列各题。
As an exchange student, I studied in France for two years. The first time I took a class in the chemistry lab, I was surprised to find that students were fully “armed”. Everyone was wearing goggles （ 护目镜） and gloves. Safety comes first for science lab class.
My chemistry teacher Mrs. Louise usually gave us the instruction paper the night before the lab class and let us read it. During the class,
she first went over the steps and then put us into groups of two to do the experiments （实验）. What was special was that for every lab class, Mrs. Louise changed everyone’s lab partner to make them work with different classmates.
The class was often filled with laughter and screams （尖叫）. We once tried to burn the chemicals and watch the colors of the flames（火焰）. Different chemicals produced different colors of flames, including bright orange and dark green. Many students in my class were surprised.
“Wow! That’s so beautiful!” they screamed. Then they excitedly took pictures, posted them online and sent them to their friends. Mrs. Louise didn’t get angry with us at all for our “noises”. She herself even took photos with us!
After finishing an experiment, we had to write a lab report. If we had a big mistake in the experiment, we needed to analyze （分析） why it happened and what we should do to avoid it next time. The lab reports were very important. They made up around 25% of our term grade.
1.How did the writer feel when he first took the chemistry class in the
lab
He felt _________.
surprised
2.What comes first for science lab class
_______ comes first for science lab class.
Safety
3.Why did Mrs. Louise change everyone’s lab partner in every lab class
Because she wanted to ______________________________________.
make them work with different classmates
4.What did the students have to do after finishing an experiment
They had to _________________.
write a lab report
5.Why were the lab reports so important
Because they made up ____________ of their term grade.
around 25%
thanks