Unit 4 Scientists Who Changed the World
重点单词变形,短语,句型,语法练习
重点单词变形
1.broad adj.广泛的;宽阔的,广阔的;概括的;开阔的→broadly adv.广泛地
2.intend vi.&vt.想要,计划;意指→intention n.打算
3.trial n.试用,试验;审讯,审判;考验 vi.&vt.测试,试验→try v.尝试
4.limited adj.有限的→limit n.& vt.限制
5.container n.容器;集装箱,货柜→contain vt.包含
6.beneficial adj.有益的,有用的→benefit n.益处 vt.对……有益处
7.illustrate vt.说明,解释;加插图于→illustration n.图解,图示
8.surround vt.围绕,环绕;包围;与……紧密相关→surrounding adj.周围的→surroundings n.周围的事物
9.indicate vt.表明;暗示;提及;指出→indication n.表明;暗示
10.intelligent adj.有才智的,聪明的;有智力的→intelligence n.才智
11.favour vt.较喜欢;偏袒;有助于 n.帮助,好事;赞同;偏袒→favorable adj.赞成的;讨人喜欢的
12.politician n.政治家,从政者;投机钻营者→politics n.政治→political adj.政治的
13.electricity n.电,电能→electric adj.电的,发电的,电动的
14.scientific adj.科学的,关于科学的;细致严谨的→science n.科学→scientist n.科学家
15.moral adj.道德的;道义上的;品行端正的 n.品行,道德;寓意→immoral adj.不道德的
16.apply vt.&vi.应用;申请;涂;有关→application n.申请;应用→applicant n.申请人
17.ignorance n.无知→ignorant adj.不了解的,无知的;无礼的→ignore vt.忽视;不理睬
18.freedom n.自由→free adj.自由的;免费的→freely adv.自由地
19.permit vt.&vi.允许,准许,许可;使有可能→permission n.允许,许可
20.responsibility n.责任,负责;职责,义务→responsible adj.负责任的
21.nationality n.国籍;民族→national adj.国家的;民族的→nation n.国家;民族
22.marriage n.结婚,婚姻;已婚状态→marry v.结婚
一、语法填空
1.I’m calling to enquire about the position (advertise) in yesterday’s newspaper.
2.Despite (apply)for hundreds of jobs, he is still out of work.
3.In the first story, the police officer (play) by Takeshi Kaneshiro refuses to accept the breakup by repeatedly saying that it is only a practical joke between May, his girlfriend, and him.
4.Let’s go out for a walk. For fresh air is (benefit) to our health.
5.Who do you think the teacher is referring
6.Good habits (form) at youth make all the difference. — Aristotle
7.There is little time (leave). Let’s hurry up!
8.Aspirin is a simple but highly (effect) treatment.
9.Before discovering (electric), people relied on fire as a source of light.
10.Athletes perform better both during exercise and while (engage) in their sport when there is music.
11.Have you ever read any of Tolkien’s novels or seen any of the films (base) on them
12.Look! The student (seat) at the back of the classroom is buried in a novel while the teacher is giving a lesson.
13.John Snow told the story about the (astonish) people in Broad Street.
14.The thief (trap) in the river for five hours, he looked very pale and exhausted.
15.In twenty years of (marry) he has only taken two proper vacations.
16.I need to talk to him about the job opening (advertise)in the local newspaper.
17.There is a great deal of evidence (indicate) that music activities engage different parts of the brain.
18.The trials of the new medicine human beings have proved to be very effective.
19.When the oil is hot, add the (slice) onion.
20.The boys pretended (conduct)an experiment when the teacher came in.
21.Two boys have (apply) for the job already.
22.The (marry) between the couple only lasted for less than two years.
23. (bury) in reading the legend of a master in basketball, he didn’t arrive school on time.
24.We don’t permit (park)here.
25.It is great (benefit) to me to preview lesson before class.
26.For example , pesticides can damage the land by killing not only harmful (bacterium) and insects , but also helpful ones .
27.I got some paint and a brush (leave) in the kitchen by my father.
28.It is said that the organisation has very (limit) resources.
29.Over the years, several similar theories have been put .
30.When (absorb) in work, which he often was, he would forget all about eating or sleeping.
31. (absorb) in his work, Tom simply forgot food and sleep.
32.It is a self-guided adventure (guarantee)to amaze and amuse both adults and children.
33.The traditional Chinese marriage usually (involve) some necessary procedures, such as
match-making, engagement, meeting the bride, and three bows.
34.He found himself (surround) by a group of nurses.
35.Your recommendation will be (benefit) to the development of our company.
36.The new technology, which (apply) to rice growing since it was created, is increasing the grain output.
37.I’m writing to apply (join) it, thinking that I’m well qualified for the job.
38.Huawei, which has endured years of US sanctions, surprised the world on Aug 29, with an unadvertised announcement -the launch of its latest high-end smartphone, the Mate 60 Pro, (price) at 6,999 yuan ($964).
39.A girl drew public attention for her outstanding performance at The Chinese Poetry Competition (organize) by China Central Television.
40. (convince)of the truth of the reports, Bill told his colleagues about it.
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Chinese spend an average of three hours a day on their smartphones, 41 (rank) second in the world after Brazilians 42 spend two additional hours on their phones, according to a survey by a German Internet company. Smartphones allow people 43 (order) food, call a taxi, shop online and manage wealth. However, with such convenience 44 (come) overuse.
The survey found that Brazilians spend the most time on their smartphones, about five hours a day, 45 (follow) by Chinese. People in the United States, Italy, Spain, Canada, and the United Kingdom spend more than two hours a day on their mobile phones.
Last year, a survey of 1, 000 children ranging from ages 0-5 46 (show) that 80.4% of children use smartphones, and more than half of their parents believe 47 mobile phones put their children at ease.
Fear of missing out contributes to the high amount of phone checking. The lack of leisure activities is the main reason 48 Chinese people’s smartphone addiction. Offline activities in China, such as sports, travel, art shows, and reading are not as popular as they are in other countries and regions. Though smartphones bring entertainment and convenience, they can have negative 49 (effect) on health. Staring at a screen for a long period of time can cause eye or spine damage. Smartphones are also 50 (associate) with lower quality of sleep and high blood pressure.
二、单词拼写
51.The parliament (宣告) that the colony was independent.
52.I hope your holiday will be (有益的) to you.
53.The fresh water in the world is so (有限的) that we human beings have to make good use of it.
54. (选举) as chairman of the committee, he was full of confidence and energy.
55.We have gained (足够的) experience to deal with this kind of problems.
56. (使陷入困境)in the ruins,the girl still held a positive attitude.
57.Who was the first person (证实) to have reached the top of the mountain.
58.He is an (权威) on the theory of evolution.
59.He (申请) to study composition with the well-known musician last year.
60.The UK government announced another 24,962 (确诊)Covid cases on Sunday, as well as a further 168 deaths within 28 days of a positive test.
61.As a child I was (围绕) by love and kindness.
62.The teacher was sure that the students were reflecting on their replies and that they had understood the (寓意) of the story.
63.Most colleges now offer first-year students a course especially (设计) to help them succeed academically and personally.
64.I would have remained in (无知) if Shaun had not mentioned it.
65.Unfortunately, the flight was (延迟) on account of the bad weather.
三、完成句子
66.专家提出的计划得到了政府的认可。(过去分词做后置定语)
The project by experts has been accepted by the government.
67.与大多数人相比,她极其幸运。
lots of people, she is very lucky.
68.他在演讲中特别强调新闻自由。
During his , he laid particular stress on the of the press.
69.一句多译
人们十分相信政府可以带领他们走出金融危机,因此人们对国家的未来感到乐观。
1.People are optimistic about the future of the country, for they that the government can lead them out of the financial crisis.
2.Truly that the government can lead them out of the financial crisis, people are optimistic about the
future of the country.
70. , the mountains and forests of Canada looked massive.
从车窗往外望去,加拿大巍峨的山脉和辽阔的森林尽收眼底。
71.由5位医生和7名护士组成的救援队已被派往灾区。
The rescue team five doctors and seven nurses has been sent to the disaster area.
72.这本书反映了作者的智慧和经验,因此受到了读者的青睐。
The book reflected , and therefore it received .
73.她捧了一大抱纸盒,盒子外面包着绿纸,还装饰有红色和银色的丝带。
She carried an armload of boxes wrapped with green paper and red and silver ribbons.
74.负责维修工作的人宣布这座老宅将被改造为一个饭店。
The man the repair work that the old house into a restaurant.
75.我想去买一本专供英语初学者使用的词典。 (intend)
I want to buy a dictionary which English beginners.
参考答案:
1.advertised
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我打电话是想询问一下昨天在报纸上刊登的招聘广告。分析句子结构可知,此处应填入非谓语动词作定语修饰名词the position,名词position与动词advertise之间是“动宾关系”,应用过去分词作后置定语。故填advertised。
2.applying/having applied
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:尽管(已经)申请了上百份工作,但他仍然失业。despite是介词,其后用动名词作宾语;此处也可强调“申请”发生在谓语动词之前,用动名词的完成式having done。故填applying/having applied。
【点睛】
3.played
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:在第一个故事中,金城武扮演的警察拒绝接受分手,他反复说这只是他的女朋友梅和他之间的一个恶作剧。分析句子可知,句子已有谓语动词refuses,空处是非谓语动词,play“扮演”和the police officer逻辑上是被动关系,应用play的过去分词形式,作后置定语。故填played。
4.beneficial
【详解】考查形容词。句意:我们出去散步吧。因为新鲜空气对我们的健康有益。分析句子结构可知,此处为形容词作表语,benefit的形容词为beneficial意为“有益的”符合句意。故填beneficial。
5.to
【详解】考查介词。句意:你认为老师指的是谁?短语refer to表示“提到;指的是”,符合句意。故填to。
6.formed
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:年轻时养成的好习惯决定一切。——亚里士多德。句中有谓语make,前后无连词,此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语,修饰Good habits,动词form和Good habits是被动关系,应用过去分词形式作后置定语,故填formed。
7.left
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:剩下的时间不多了。我们快点吧!分析句子,句中is为谓语动词,设空处使用非谓语动词,同时time和leave之间是被动关系,故使用过去分词作后置定语。故填left。
8.effective
【详解】考查形容词。句意:阿司匹林是一种简单但高效的治疗方法。分析句子可知,此空应填形容词作定语,修饰后面名词,effective表“有效的”,为形容词,符合句意。故填effective。
9.electricity
【详解】考查名词。句意:在发现电之前,人们依靠火作为光源。此空作discovering的宾语,所以用名词electricity,表示“电”,故填electricity。
10.engaging/engaged
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:运动员在运动中和在有音乐的情况下都表现得更好。perform是谓语,空格处作状语,主语Athletes和动词engage之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,应用现在分词形式;be engaged in 为固定短语,意为“从事”,在作非谓语动词时需要去掉be动词,用过去分词作状语。故填engaging/engaged。
11.based
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:你读过托尔金的小说吗?或者看过根据他的小说改编的电影吗?分析句子,句中have seen为谓语动词,设空处使用非谓语动词,film与base之间的被动关系,故使用过去分词作后置定语。base意为“以……为基础”,过去分词为based。故填based。
12.seated
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:看!当老师讲课时,坐在教室后面的那个学生正在全神贯注地看小说。结合句意,分析句子可知,seat(使就座)与其逻辑主语student之间有被动关系,应用过去分词seated,作后置定语。故填seated。
13.astonished
【详解】考查形容词。句意:约翰·斯诺讲述了布罗德街上那些惊讶的人们的故事。根据句意和后文名词people可知,此处应用ed结尾的形容词作定语,修饰人。故填astonished。
14.having been trapped/trapped
【详解】考查独立主格结构。句意:小偷在河里被困了五个小时,他看起来非常苍白和疲惫。此处为独立主格结构。The thief 与trap之间为被动关系,应用过去分词表示被动;trap的动作发生在主句谓语动词动作looked very pale and exhausted之前,两个动作之间有着明显的先后关系,The thief与trap之间为被动关系,所以也可以使用having been done的形式。故答案为having been trapped/trapped。
15.marriage
【详解】考查名词。句意:结婚二十年来,他只休过两次适当的假。在介词of后应用名词marriage表示“婚姻”作宾语。故填marriage。
16.advertised
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我想和他谈谈在当地报纸上登的职位空缺的事。根据谓语动词“need”可知,空处应为非谓语动词,作定语修饰名词短语“job opening”,并与其形成被动关系,表示“被登广告的职位空缺”,故应用过去分词。故填advertised。
17.indicating
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:有大量证据表明,音乐活动涉及大脑的不同部位。本句是There be句型,故动词indicate在句中作非谓语动词,名词evidence与动词indicate之间为主动关系,故用现在分词作后置定语。故填indicating。
18.on
【详解】考查介词。句意:这种新药在人体上的试验证明非常有效。分析句意再根据空格后的human beings可知,此处用介词on表示“在人体上”进行实验,或者“对人体”进行实验,符合语境。故答案为on。
19.sliced
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:油热后,放入切好的洋葱片。提示词作定语修饰名词onion,空格处填入非谓语动词,slice与其逻辑主语onion之间是被动关系,用过去分词sliced作定语,表被动和完成。故填sliced。
20.to be conducting
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:老师进来时,男孩们假装正在做实验。pretend to do sth.“假装做某事”,不定式作宾语;结合语境,此处表示老师进来时“做实验”正在进行,故应用不定式的进行式to be doing。故填to be conducting。
21.applied
【详解】考查动词和时态。句意:已经有两个男孩申请了这份工作。apply (for)意为“申请”,是句中谓语动词,结合时间状语already和空格前助动词have可知,应用过去分词applied构成现在完成时态。故填applied。
22.marriage
【详解】考查名词。句意:这对夫妇的婚姻只维持了不到两年。定冠词The后接名词在句中作主语。根据句意,故填marriage。
23.Buried
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他埋头于阅读《篮球大师的传奇》,没有按时到校。固定搭配be buried in“埋头于”,省略be动词,使用过去分词,作状语。故填Buried。
24.parking
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我们这里不允许停车。短语:permit doing sth.,意为“允许做某事”,结合句中提示,所以此处用动名词parking。故填parking。
25.beneficial
【详解】考查形容词。句意:课前预习对我很有好处。分析句子结合句意可知,此处应填入形容词作表语,benefit的形容词为beneficial(有好处的),故填beneficial。
26.bacteria
【详解】考查名词。句意:例如,杀虫剂不仅可以杀死有害的细菌和昆虫,还可以杀死有益的昆虫,从而破坏土地。分析可知,名词bacterium作 kill的宾语,此处表示复数意义,故填bacteria。
27.left
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我得到了我父亲留在厨房里的一些油漆和一把刷子。分析句子可知,此处为非谓语动词作后置定语,leave与some paint and a brush为被动关系,故用过去分词做后置定语。故填left。
28.limited
【详解】考查形容词。句意:据说这个组织的资源非常有限。分析句子,设空处使用形容词作定语。故填limited。
29.forward
【详解】考查动词短语。句意:多年来,几个类似的理论被提出。根据句意及所给句子可知,此处使用动词短语put forward“提出”。故填forward。
30.absorbed
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:当他全神贯注于工作时,他会忘记吃饭或睡觉,这是常常发生的事。分析句子可知,此处应用动词非谓语形式作状语,空处与逻辑主语之间是被动关系,应用过去分词作状语,结合语意可知,此处意为“全神贯注”,故应用absorbed。故填absorbed。
31.Absorbed
【详解】考查过去分词。句意:汤姆全神贯注地工作,完全忘了吃饭和睡觉。分析句子结构,本句话的谓语动词是forgot,所以空格要用非谓语动词。sb be absorbed in sth表示“全神贯注
做某事”,所以空格处填过去分词作状语。空格位于开头,所以首字母要大写,即Absorbed。故答案为Absorbed。
32.guaranteed
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这是一个自我引导的冒险,保证让成年人和儿童都感到惊奇和娱乐。be guaranteed to do sth.保证做某事,修饰名词adventure ,所以用过去分词形式作后置定语。根据句意,故填guaranteed。
33.involves
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:传统的中国婚礼通常包括一些必要的程序,如媒妁之言,订婚,迎娶新娘,三鞠躬。根据该句中的usually可知,此处表示经常发生的动作,故用一般现在时;主语The traditional Chinese marriage为第三人称单数,谓语动词应用单数形式。故填involves。
34.surrounded
【详解】考查过去分词。句意:他发现自己被一群护士围住了。空处是宾语补足语,动词surround和宾语himself之间是被动关系,应用过去分词表示被动。故填surrounded。
35.beneficial
【详解】考查形容词。句意:您的推荐将有利于我们公司的发展。分析句子,设空处应该填写形容词作表语。beneficial意为“有益的”。故填beneficial。
36.has been applied
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意:这项新技术自发明以来一直应用于水稻种植,正在提高粮食产量。分析句子成分,空处作which所引导非限制定语从句的谓语动词。由“since it was created”可知,时态是现在完成时,表示动作从过去持续到现在,The new technology和apply之间是被动关系,所以用现在完成时的被动语态,主语是单数,助动词使用has。故填has been applied。
37.to join
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我认为我很适合这份工作,我写信是想申请加入(到这个工作中)。此处考查动词短语apply to do sth,意为“申请做某事”,动词不定式作宾语。故填to join。
38.priced
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:8月29日,遭受美国多年制裁的华为发布了一份未经宣
传的公告,震惊了世界——发布了其最新的高端智能手机Mate 60 Pro,售价为6999元人民币(964美元)。分析句子结构可知,空处需要非谓语动词作定语。price与逻辑主语the Mate 60 Pro构成被动关系,所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填priced。
39.organized
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:一个女孩在中央电视台举办的中国诗歌比赛中表现出色,引起了公众的关注。此处______ by China Central Television是定语,修饰the Chinese Poetry Com petition,the Chinese Poetry Com petition和organize之间是被动关系,故要用过去分词作定语。故填organized。
40.Convinced
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:比尔确信报道是真实的,就把这件事告诉了他的同事。be convinced of确信,在句中作状语。故填Convinced。
41.ranking 42.who/that 43.to order 44.comes 45.followed 46.showed 47.that 48.for 49.effects 50.associated
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人们花在智能手机上的时间越来越多,并说明了原因以及危害。
41.考查非谓语动词。句意:一家德国互联网公司的调查显示,中国人平均每天花三小时在智能手机上,排名世界第二,仅次于在手机上多花两小时的巴西人。分析句子,空处应填非谓语动词,rank与逻辑主语The Chinese之间是主动关系,应用现在分词形式作状语。故填ranking。
42.考查定语从句。句意:一家德国互联网公司的调查显示,中国人平均每天花三小时在智能手机上,排名世界第二,仅次于在手机上多花两小时的巴西人。分析句子,空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词Brazilians,关系词在从句中作主语,应用who/that引导从句。故填who/that。
43.考查非谓语动词。句意:智能手机允许人们点餐、叫出租车、网上购物和管理财富。allow sb. to do sth.表示“允许某人做某事”,空处应用不定式作宾语补足语。故填to order。
44.考查时态。句意:然而,这种便利带来了过度使用。分析句子,句子为倒装句,根据上文时态,句子应用一般现在时,主语overuse为不可数名词,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填comes。
45.考查非谓语动词。句意:调查发现,巴西人花在智能手机上的时间最多,每天大约5小时,其次是中国人。分析句子,空处作非谓语动词,follow与逻辑主语(整个句子)之间是被动关系,应用过去分词形式作状语。故填followed。
46.考查时态。句意:去年,一项针对1000名0-5岁儿童的调查显示,80.4%的儿童使用智能手机,超过一半的父母认为手机让他们的孩子感到轻松。时间状语为last year,可知句子应用一般过去时,谓语动词show应用过去式形式。故填showed。
47.考查宾语从句。句意:去年,一项针对1000名0-5岁儿童的调查显示,80.4%的儿童使用智能手机,超过一半的父母认为手机让他们的孩子感到轻松。分析句子,空处引导宾语从句,作动词believe的宾语,从句结构完整,应用that引导从句。故填that。
48.考查介词。句意:缺乏休闲活动是中国人智能手机成瘾的主要原因。the reason for sth.表示“……的原因”。故填for。
49.考查名词。句意:尽管智能手机带来了娱乐和便利,但它们可能对健康产生负面影响。have effects on表示“对……有影响”,且effect为可数名词,无不定冠词修饰,应用复数形式表示泛指。故填effects。
50.考查形容词。句意:智能手机还与睡眠质量低下和高血压有关。be associated with表示“与……有关”,所以空处应用形容词形式作表语。故填associated。
51.declared
【详解】考查动词。句意:议会宣布殖民地独立。根据句意及汉语提示可知,此处使用动词declare,由that the colony was independent可知,句子陈述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时。故填declared。
52.beneficial
【详解】考查形容词。句意:我希望你的假期对你有好处。这里要用beneficial表示形容词“有益的”。故填beneficial。
53.limited
【详解】考查形容词。句意:世界上的淡水是如此有限,我们人类必须好好利用它。be动词后用形容词作表语。“有限的”是limited。故填limited。
54.Elected
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:当选为委员会主席后,他充满了信心和活力。be elected as获选为,在句中作状语,所以用过去分词形式。结合汉语提示及句意,故填Elected。
55.sufficient
【详解】考查形容词。句意:我们已经获得了解决这类问题的充足经验。根据汉语提示“足够的”,可知应填形容词sufficient ,做定语修饰名词 experience,故填sufficient。
56.Trapped
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:尽管被困在废墟里,但女孩还是保持着积极的态度。根据汉语提示可知,此处应用动词“trap”做状语,且trap与主语the girl之间为被动关系,故应用过去分词状语,故填Trapped。
57.confirmed
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:谁是第一个被证实到达山顶的人 “证实”用动词confirm表示;“(证实) to have reached the top of the mountain”作后置定语,confirm是非谓语动词,与其逻辑主语person之间是被动关系,用过去分词confirmed表被动和完成。故填confirmed。
58.authority
【详解】考查名词的数。句意:他是进化论的权威。权威为“authority ”。结合不定冠词an可知,用单数名词authority作表语。故填authority。
59.applied
【详解】考查动词。句意:去年他向那位著名音乐家申请学习作曲。空处应填动词作句子谓语,根据汉语提示可知,apply符合题意;结合时间状语last year判断本句为一般过去时。故填applied。
60.confirmed
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:周日,英国政府又宣布了24962例新冠肺炎确诊病例,并且在检测呈阳性后的28天内又有168人死亡。根据句意和汉语提示应填confirm“确认”作定语,修饰cases,二者之间是被动关系,用过去分词作定语,故填confirmed。
【点睛】
61.surrounded
【详解】考查动词。句意:作为一个孩子,我被爱和善良所包围。根据汉语提示可知,surround“围绕”,动词,主语I和动词surround是被动关系,所以句子是一般过去时的被动语态,空处应填过去分词。故填surrounded。
62.moral
【详解】考查名词。句意:老师确信学生们正在反思他们的回答,并且他们已经理解了故事的寓意。分析句子结构和意思可知,这里需要“寓意”对应的名词moral作宾语,是不可数名词。故填moral。
63.designed
【详解】考查动词。句意:大多数大学现在都为一年级学生提供专门设计的课程,以帮助他们在学术和个人方面取得成功。根据汉语提示可知,此处使用动词design,与course是逻辑动宾关系,应用过去分词,作后置定语。故填designed。
64.ignorance
【详解】考查名词。句意:如果肖恩没有提到这件事,我就会一直不知道。表示“无知”应用名词ignorance作宾语。故填ignorance。
65.postponed/delayed
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:不幸的是,由于天气不好,航班被推迟了。分析句子。表示“延迟”用postpone/delay,此处the flight和postpone/delay之间是被动关系,故应该使用过去分词,与空前的was构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填postponed/delayed。
66.put forward
【详解】考查非谓语动词。表示“提出”短语为put forward,与project构成被动关系,故用过去分词作后置定语。故填put forward。
67. Compared with
【详解】考查非谓语动词。根据句意,空处应用短语compare with表示“与……相比”,动词compare与逻辑主语she之间是被动关系,应用过去分词形式作状语,compared置于句首,首字母大写。故填Compared with。
68. speech freedom
【详解】考查名词。根据中英文提示,空一表示“演讲”应用speech,根据句意,此处使用名词单数形式;空二表示“自由”应用名词freedom,表示抽象概念,是不可数名词。故填①speech②freedom。
69. are truly convinced convinced
【详解】考查被动语态和非谓语动词。根据汉语提示,第一空应该填写的是谓语动词。同时句子描述的是客观事实,故使用一般现在时。be convinced that...是固定句型,意为“相信……”,故填are truly convinced。第二题中are为主句的谓语动词故设空处应该使用非谓语动词。convince与people之间是被动关系,故使用过去分词作状语,故填convinced。故答案为are truly convinced和convinced。
70.Seen from the train window
【详解】考查非谓语动词。分析原句可知,“从车窗往外望去”是句中时间状语,可处理为非谓语动词短语作状语,“望去”用动词see表示,与其逻辑主语(即句子主语)the mountains and forests of Canada之间是被动关系,应用过去分词形式seen,“从车窗往外”是地点状语,用介词短语from the train window表示。故填Seen from the train window。
71. made up of
【详解】考查动词短语和非谓语动词。根据中英文提示,空处缺少谓语部分“由……组成”,译为make up of,分析句子可知,空处作后置定语修饰The rescue team,二者之间是被动关系,用过去分词作定语,故填made up of。
72. the author’s wisdom and experience readers’ favour
【详解】考查名词所有格和名词。根据汉语翻译可知,第一空需填“作者的智慧和经验”,第二空需填“读者的青睐”的英语表达,“作者的”用名词所有格表示为the author’s,“智慧和经验”用名词wisdom and experience表示,表示抽象含义,是不可数名词。“读者的”用名词所有格表示为readers’,因为读者不止一个,故用名词复数,“青睐”用名词favour表示,表示抽象含义是不可数名词。故填①the author’s wisdom and experience②readers’ favour。
73. decorated with
【详解】考查动词短语和非谓语动词。根据所给出的汉语句子,结合英文可知,设空处对应“装饰”,用动词短语“decorate with”表达,在句中与“wrapped with green paper”并列作之前名词“boxes”的后置定语,动词“decorate”与其之间为被动关系,用过去分词形式。故填①decorated;②with。
74. in charge of announced/ declared would be transformed
【详解】考查时态语态和短语。根据中英文提示,空一缺少“负责”,可用in charge of,空二缺少谓语“宣布” 可译为announce或者declare,根据句意用一般过去时,空三缺少that引导的宾语从句的谓语动词“改造”,可用transform“改造”,与主语the old house是被动关系,根据句意用将来时,主句是一般过去时,从句用过去将来时的被动语态,故填①in charge of②announced/ declared③would be transformed。
75. is intended for
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意:我想去买一本专供英语初学者使用的词典。分析句子结构,该空为定语从句中的谓语动词,固定短语be intended for打算为……所用,符合题意;描述一个客观的事实,用一般现在时;关系词替代先行词a dictionary,在从句中作主语,是单数,谓语动词用单数,所以填①is②intended③for。