湖南省2024年英语中考第二轮专题复习2.专题二 代词课件(共35张PPT)

(共35张PPT)
专题二 代词
2024湖南
——英语
知识导图
语法突破 精讲精练
Challenge yourself
请找出下列各句中的代词并写出其类型。
1.John and I are in the same school.( )
2.Tom is a friend of mine.( )
3.Last week,Peter enjoyed himself in the garden.( )
4.This is a wonderful film.( )
5.Is there anyone else in the room ( )
6.Which car is John’s ( )
I 人称代词
mine 物主代词
himself 反身代词
this 指示代词
anyone 不定代词
which 疑问代词
知识点1
人称代词、物主代词与反身代词
基础题
1.(2021·常德)—Is this Linda’s watch
—No,it isn’t._________ (she) is red.Red is her favorite color.
2.(2022·常德)It is not only one of the most famous places,but also one of
_______(it) greatest mysteries.
3.Every time I meet difficulties,I always say to _________(I),“Yes,I can!”
Hers
its
myself
4.I have many friends.Some of _______(we) are good at English.
5.May I ________your bike Mine is broken.
us
your
6.I like those books! When I get my pocket money,I will buy _________(it).
7.We should learn to be responsible for ___________(us),not always waiting
to be pushed.
8.(2021·唐山)The notebook belongs to ______(I).My name is on its cover.
9.(2021·海南)Mike has lost _____(he) new watch.He is looking for it
everywhere.
10.(2021·亳州)Jack shows such a deep interest in drawing that he always loses
__________(he) in the world of colors.
易错题
them
ourselves
me
his
himself
人称代词 物主代词 反身代词
主 宾 形容词性 名词性
第 一人称 单数 I me my mine myself
复数 we us _______ ours oursourselves
第二人称 单数 you you your yours yourself
复数 you _________ your yours yourselves
our
词类
格
数
人称
you
第三人称 单数 he him his _______ himself
she her her hers ____________
it it its its itself
复数 they _________ their theirs themselves
his
hirself
them
2.人称代词的用法
3.物主代词的用法
4.反身代词的用法
①用法:反身代词在句中作宾语或表语(不能单独作主语),表示和主语是同一(或一些)人或事物;反身代词作主语或宾语的同位语,起强调主语或宾语的作用。
②固定搭配
learn by oneself 自学 teach oneself 自学 _______________玩得高兴
by oneself 独自 dress oneself 自己穿衣服
__________________随便用/吃……
enjoy oneself
help oneself to
知识点2
指示代词
基础题
1.—Who’s that speaking
—Hello, ______(that/this) is Tony speaking.
2.Are _______(this) Amy’s books
this
these
3. _______(These) is my family photo and ________(this) are my parents.
4.—Who are ________(that) two girls
—They ’ re my friends,Helen and Lucy.
5.The weather in China is different from ________(this/that) in America.
易错题
This
these
those
that
单数 复数 用法1 用法2
This (这个) these (这些) 指近处:This is my pen. 指代下文将要提到的事:
Please remember this:Time and tide wait for no man.
That(那个) those (那些) 指远处:That is his book. 指代前面刚刚提到过的事:
Alice was ill.That was why she didn’t come here.
注意：
①打电话时,this指自己,that指对方。
②在疑问句中,若句子的主语是this/that/these/those时,回答用it或they来代替。
—Is this/that your cat 这/那是你的猫吗
—Yes,it is.是的,它是。
知识点3
不定代词
基础题
1.—What did your brother buy for your father on Father’s Day
—_____________.He made a card for him.
Nothing
2.(2021·武汉)—There are mainly six kinds of tea in China.Which is your
favorite
—Green tea,I guess.I?ve tried black tea,green tea and so on,and ______of
them have their speial tastes.
3.(2021·安顺)—Did you do __________ fun on your vacation,Tara
—Yes,I did.I went to Sanya.
4.(2021·扬州)—Which color do you like,red or blue
—_________.I like green.
all
anything
Neither
5.Hurry up,Kids! The school bus is coming.We have ______ time left.
6.—When shall we go swimming,this Friday or Saturday
—________ is OK.I’ll be free this week.
7.Catherine has two cousins.One is quiet,and the _______ is noisy.
易错题
little
Either
other
普通不定 代词 both,either,neither,all,each,none,some,any,(a)little,(a) few,other,others,the other,the others,another等
复合不定 代词 Some-类:someone,somebody,something
every-类:everyone,everybody,everything
any-类:anyone,anybody,anything
no-类:no one,nobody,nothing
一、定义:不明确指代某个人、某个事物、某些人和某些事物的代词叫做不定代词.不定代词分为普通不定代词和复合不定代词。
二、普通不定代词的用法
1.some与any
some和any都可表示“一些”。_______主要用在肯定句中; _______多用于疑问句或否定句中。但在疑问句中,如希望得到肯定回答或表示请求、建议时要用________，例如:
Do you have any suggestions 你有什么建议吗
Would you like some oranges 你想要些橙子吗
some
any
some
2.many与much
这两个单词是同义词,都表示“许多”。________的后面用可数名词的复数形式; _______则用来修饰不可数名词。它们都可以与表示程度的副词so,too连用。例如:
They have many friends in our school.他们在我们的学校有很多朋友。
My sister never eats so much breakfast.我妹妹从来不吃这么多早餐。
many
much
3.both,either 与neither
词语 含义及 用法 谓语形式 常用短语 示例
both 两者都,表肯定含义 复数 both… and… 两者都; both of 两者都 Both New York and London have traffic problems.纽约和伦敦都存在交通问题。
Both of his sisters like playing tennis.
他的两个姐姐都喜欢打网球。
either 两者中任意一个,可以用于肯定句和否定句中 单数 either… or… 或者……或者…… Either of the books is interesting.
两本书中的任何一本都很有趣。
Either he or I am right.
不是他对就是我对。
neither 两者都不,表否定含义 单数 neither… nor… 既不……也不……; neither of 两者都不 He can neither read nor write.
他既不会读也不会写。
Neither of them is interested in music.
他们对音乐都不感兴趣。
4.all与none
词语 含义 谓语形式 常用短语 示例
all 都,表肯定含义 复数 all of 三者或三者以上都 All of my friends are celebrating my birthday.
我所有的朋友都在为我庆祝生日。
none 都不,表否定含义,与all意义相反 代替不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数形式;代替可数名词时,谓语动词用单数、复数均可 none of 三者或三者以上都不 None of the food was left.
食物一点儿没剩。
None of the students is/are afraid of difficulties.
学生们都不怕困难。
5.little,a little,few与a few
词语 含义 用法 示例
little 几乎没有(表否定) 指代或修饰不可数名词 I have little interest in math.
我对数学几乎没有兴趣。
a little 有一点儿(表肯定) He can speak a little German.
他能说一点儿德语。
few 几乎没有(表否定) 指代或修饰可数名词复数 Few people can work the math problem out.
几乎没有人能解出来这道数学题。
a few 一些,几个(表肯定) I have a few friends in New York.
我在纽约有几个朋友。
6.each 与every
词语 each every
不同点 用作形容词或代词,可单独使用 只用作形容词,不可单独使用
强调个体(同一个群体中的某个人) 强调整体(整个群体中的所有人)
指两者或两者以上的人或事物中的“每一个” 指三者或三者以上的人或事物中的“每一个”
后可加of短语 后不可加of短语
相同点 each/every+名词作主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式
示例 Each of us was given a nice gift. 我们 每个人都得到了一份精美的礼物。 Every student in the class likes Miss Wu.
班上的每个学生都喜欢吴老师。
7.other,the other,others,the others与another
词语 含义 用法及固定搭配 示例
other 其他的,别的(泛指,可修饰名词) 常与名词复数连用,即“other+名词复数”,相当于 others,each other(＝one another)互相 You should consider other people before you act.
你在行动之前应当考虑到别人。
the other 另一个(特指,两部分或两者中的另一个) one……,the other……表示“一个……，另一个”；the other+名词复数“相当于the others He raised one hand and then the other.
他先举起一只手,然后举起另一只。
others 其余的,别的(泛指,表示除去一部分后的另一些,但不是剩下的全体) some…,others… 表示“一些……,另一些……” Some of the questions are hard,others are easy.
这些问题中有些难,有些容易。
the others 其余的,别的(特指,指一定范围内除去一部分后,剩余的全部人或物) 可单独使用 There are five foreign students in our class.Two of them are Americans and the others are Canadians.我们班有五个外国学生,其中两个是美国人,剩下的(三个)是加拿大人。
An other 另一个;再一个(泛指三者或三者以上的人或物的另一个) 其后直接加名词单数;若其后有基数词或few修饰,则可接名词复数 I don’t like this room.I?m going to ask for another.我不喜欢这个房间。我打算另要一间。
三、复合不定代词的用法
1.由some和any等构成的复合不定代词,someone,somebody,something 通常用于肯定句;anyone,anybody,anything通常用于否定句、疑问句或条件状语从句。
2.当形容词、不定式或else修饰复合不定代词时,形容词、不定式或else必须放在复合不定代词之后,语法上称作“后置”。例如:
There is something interesting in the book.这本书里有一些有趣的东西。
3.复合不定代词可作主语、宾语和表语。作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数。例如:
Somebody is talking in the empty house.有人在那个空房子里说话。
知识点4
疑问代词
基础题
1.—_________ car is this
—You mean the blue one It’s Tom’s.
2.—________will you do for your mother on Mother’s Day
—I’ll make a card.
3.—_________teacher will you miss the most after junior high school,Mary
—Mr.Wang.
Whose
What
Which
4.—_______is friendlier,Mr.Li or Miss Chen
—I think Miss Chen is friendlier.
5.—_______ is your father
—He is a teacher.
6.—_______/________ did you go swimming with
—My father.
易错题
Who
What
Who
Whom
疑问代词 基本用法
_________ “谁(主格)”,用于询问人,在句中作主语,宾语或表语
_________ “谁(宾格）”,用于询问人,在句中作宾语
_________ “谁的”用于询问所属关系,在句中作定语或表语
_________ “什么”,用于询问事件、东西、职业等,在句中作主语、表语、宾语或定语
_________ “哪一个”,指在一定范围内的人或物,在句中作主语、定语或宾语
who
主要的疑问代词有：
whom
whose
what
which