8上 unit 3 I’m more outgoing than my sister.知识清单 班级: 姓名:
一.词性转换
1.loudly (adv.)大声地→(形容词)大声的loud
2.quietly (adv.)轻声地,安静地→(adj.)轻声的,安静的quiet
3.competition (n.)比赛,竞赛→(v.)比赛,竞争compete→(n.)competitor竞争者→(adj.)competitive有竞争力的,好胜的
4.clearly (adv.)清楚地,明白地→(adj.)清楚的,明白的 clear
5.win(v.)获胜,赢,赢得→(n.)赢家,获胜者winner
6.though(conj)虽然,尽管→(同义词) although
7.talented (adj)有才能的,有天赋的→(同义词) gifted →(名词)才能,天赋 talent→(同义词) gift
8.truly (副词)真正(地),确实→(adj)真正的,正确的 true
9.care (v.)在意,关心 →(adj)仔细的,小心的careful
→(反义词)粗心的 careless →(adv)小心谨慎地,仔细地 carefully
10.serious(形容词)严肃的,认真的,稳重的→(adv)严肃地,认真地,稳重地 seriously
11.kid (n.)小孩,年轻人→(复数)kids→(同义词)children(pl.) child
12.both (pron)两个都→(对应词)三者及以上都,全部all
→(对应词)两者都不neither →(对应词)三者及以上/全都不/一个都没有none
13.touch(v.)感动,触摸→(adj)令人感动的touching(同义moving) →(adj.) touched 感动的(同义:moved)
P17:
be more outgoing than sb 比....更外向
be taller than sb 比....更高 be heavier than sb 比...更重
be shorter than sb 比....更矮 be smarter than sb 比....更聪明
be lazier than sb比...更懒
have long hair than sb 比...头发长
play the drums 敲鼓
play better than sb 比某人打得更好
sing more loudly /clearly than sb 唱得比某人更大声/清楚
both....and......和.....都 (连接并列主语时,谓语动词用复数形式)
Eg: Both you and I are interesting in shopping online.
【拓展】both,all,neither,either,any, none
【两者】:①both “(两者)都”,作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式 ②either “(两者中)任意一个”
③neither “(两者)都不”
【指三者或三者以上】:
①all “(三者)都”,作主语表示所有人时,谓语动词用复数形式;表示所有事物或现象时谓语动词通常用单数形式。 ②any “(三者中)任何一个” ③none “(三者)都不”
That’s Tara, isn’t it
反意疑问句:陈述部分+附加问句?
①前肯后否,前否后肯 ② 时态人称一致 ③回答以事实为依据;符合事实用yes,不符合事实用no.
P18-19:
run faster than sb 跑得比某人更快
jump much/ a little higher than sb 跳得比某人高得多/ 高一点儿
work much/ a little harder than sb 工作比某人努力得多/努力一点儿
work as hard as sb. 和某人一样工作努力
①work hard努力地工作 ②hard work 辛苦的工作 ③hard-working (adj.)
①be different from与……不同 ②be different in sth 在某方面不同
get up earlier than sb 比某人起得更早
be much less hard-working 更不努力得多
be much more hard-working 努力得多
the singing competition 唱歌比赛
sing so well 唱得如此好
Which one… 哪一个?
the one with shorter hair 留着更短的头发的那一个
want to win想赢 want to do sth想要做某事
win+比赛项目/奖品/战争等:赢得 beat+比赛/对手:打败
though adv. 不过;可是(位于句末) conj. 虽然;尽管
though=although"虽然;尽管"。在英语中,although或though不能与but连用,但可与yet,still连用。
the most important thing 最重要的事情
learn something new 学新东西 不定代词+adj (形容词后置)
have fun doing sth=have a great time doing sth=enjoy oneself doing sth做某事有乐趣,高兴做sth
be as friendly as sb 和某人一样友好
Who is smarter , your mother or your father 谁更聪明,你妈妈还是你爸爸?
P20:
have cool clothes 有漂亮/时髦的衣服
be talented in(doing)sth 在某方面有天赋
do the same things as sb (do) 和某人做一样的事情
be the same as sb 和某人一样
①be good at doing sth 擅长做sth ②be good for sth 对...有好处
③be good to sb 对...友好 ④be good with....善于应付....;与某人相处得好
truly care about sb 真正地关心某人
①take care= be careful 小心,当心 ②take care of....=look after 照顾,照看
make sb laugh 让某人大笑 laugh at sb 嘲笑sth
①make/let/have sb do sth 让某人做某事 ② make sb/sth+adj 让某人/某物
③make sb+n 让某人成为 ④ make sb sth=make sth for sb 为sb制作sth
⑤make friends with sb 与...交朋友 ⑥make the bed 整理床铺
a good listener一个好的倾听者
for me 对我来说
P21:
①tell sb sth=tell sth to sb 告诉sb sth ②tell sb about sth 告诉sb关于s't'h
③tell sb to do sth 告诉sb做sth
be like a mirror像一面镜子
①be like 像...一样(性格,人品等) ②look like 看起来像(外貌)
be serious about 对....认真
that’s why+句子(结果):那就是...的原因 that’s because+句子(原因): 那是因为
enjoy studying together喜欢一起学习 enjoy doing sth 喜欢做sth
①It is+形容词/名词+(for sb. +) to do sth = It’s+形容词+that 从句 (difficult/easy/necessary)对某人来说,做某事是....的.
Eg: I’m shy so it’s not easy for me to make friends. It’s not necessary to be the same.
②It is+形容词+ (of sb. +) to do sth. 某人做某事是....的
【形容词表示人的性格与品质如kind, good, nice, wrong】
Eg: It’s kind of you to help me.
I think friends are like books —— you don’t need a lot of them as long as they’re good.我认为朋友像书,只要是好的就不必需要太多。
①as long as+句子:只要;既然 (引导条件状语从句); 和...一样长;达....之久
be (quite) different from…与……不同
help to bring out the best \ worst in sb帮助激发出某人身上最好的\最坏的品质
①help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做.... ②help sb with sth在某方面帮助sb
③bring out 使显现出,使表现出 ④ bring out the best \ worst in sb 激发出某人身上最好的\最坏的品质
①get better at sth\ doing sth 变得擅长于做……
②be better at sth \ doing sth than sb 比某人更擅长于……
get better grades取得更好的成绩
I should help him more.我应该更多地帮助他。 should+do 应该做 (否)shouldn’t
I don’t really care if my friends are the same as me or different.我不太关心朋友是否与我一样。
①if 是否(宾语从句); 如果(条件状语从句:主将从现)
②be the same as ...和...一样/相同 (反) be different from(和……不同)。
Your pen is the same as mine. 你的钢笔和我的一样。
③ the same to sb对……来说是一样的,对……没有什么不同"
the same 前面可用 quite 修饰,但不能用 very 修饰。
A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.真朋友在你需要是帮助你,打动你。 ①reach for伸手取 reach for one's hand 伸手帮某人一把
② touch one's heart 感动sb lose heart 失去信心
break one’s arm 把sb手臂弄折了 break-broke broken (adj.)破碎地
feel better 感到更好了
talk about sth 谈论sth talk to/with sb about sth 和sb谈论sth
share sth with sb 和sb分享sth
one…,the other… 一个…,另一个
P23-24:
a friend who is similar to me 与我相似的一个朋友
①be similar to…与……相似 ②be similar in...在某方面相似
a friend who is different from me 与我不同的一个朋友
the English study center英语学习中心
a weekend student helper 一位周末学生助手
primary school小学 middle school 初中 senior high school 高中
have a good grade in English 有很高的英语等级
information (un.) 信息,消息 ①一则消息:a piece of information // 两则消息 two pieces of information ②get more information获得更多信息
P19:语法
一.形容词和副词的比较级、最高级
1. 大多数形容词和副词有三个等级:
①原级(不作比较),修饰词very,so,too,pretty,really;
②比较级,“较……”或“更……”(两者之间进行比较), 标志词than,A or B,of the two,等修饰词much, a lot, a little; a bit; even. far; (口诀:两多(much,a lot),两少(a little; a bit)一甚至(even)还有一个远(far)去了。
③最高级,“最……”(三者或三者以上作比较),形容词最高级前面一般要加定冠词the,后面可带in(of)短语来什么比较的范围。
形容词和副词比较级的变化规则
+er/r构成规则
①一般+er; high-higher; tall-taller;
②哑音e结尾+r ; fine-finer late-later
③重读闭音节结尾,词尾只有一个辅音字母,双写词尾辅音+er ;
eg: thin-thinner; big-bigger; fat-fatter
④"以辅音字母+y"结尾的双音节词,先把“y”改为“i”,在加-er;
eg: heavy-heavies funny-funnier
双音节词和部分双音节词词前+ more:
eg: more interesting // bored---- more bored // slowly--- more slowly // happily--- more happily
more loudly/outgoing/hard-working
(3)加less :原级前+less 表降级: 没那么......
Eg: hard-working -- less hard-working 没那么努力工作的
(4)不规则变化:
原级 比较级 最高级
good/well better best
bad/badly worse worst
many/much more most
little less least
far farther farthest
further furthest
比较级的常用句型:
A比B.......
句型:①A +be等连系动词+形容词比较级+than+B. //
②A +实义动词(have/has)+形容词比较级+名词+than+B.
③A+实义动词+ 副词比较级+than+B.
Eg: ①Tina is taller than Tara.
②Tina has longer hair than Tara.=Tina’s hair is longer than Tara’s.
③ She also sings more loudly than Tara.
越来越......
①er比较级+and+er比较级 ② more and more+原级(多音节词和部分双音节词)
Eg: The day is getting colder and colder. // Our country will be more and more beautiful.
越.....,就越.....: the+比较级...,the +比较级
Eg: The harder you work, the better result you will get.你工作越努力,结果就越好.
A是两个(.....)中较...的: A+be+the+形容词比较级+of the two+....
Eg: Mary is the taller of the two girls.
(5). A和B哪一个更......
①疑问词+be+形容词比较级,A or B
②疑问词+实义动词+副词比较级,A or B
4.常见的比较级修饰词:两多(much, a lot)两少(a little; a bit)一甚至(even),不(no)远(far)可饰比较级。
5.原级表示比较:
① as+原级+as :和...一样 (否)not so/as+原级+as : 不如....
Eg: This film is as interesting as that one. // He is not so friendly as you.
②less+原级+than: 不如...... eg: Tara is less hard-working than Tina.
必背句子
Sam has longer hair than Tom. = Sam’s hair is longer than Tom’s. Sam 的头发比Tom的长
I’m taller now than I was 2 years ago = I was shorter 2 years ago than I am now.现在的我比两年前更高了。
I study harder now than I did 2 years ago. 现在的我比两年前学习更努力了。
I studied harder 2 years ago than I do now.两年前的我比现在学习更努力。
Who is smarter, your mother or your father 谁更聪明,你的老爸还是老妈?
My mother told me a good friend is like a mirror.妈妈告诉我好朋友像一面镜子。
That’s why I like reading books.那就是我为什么喜欢读书。
I think friends are like books —— you don’t need a lot of them as long as they’re good.我认为朋友像书,只要是好的就不必需要太多。
I’m shy so it’s not easy for me to make friends.我很害羞,所以交朋友对于我来说不容易。
It’s not necessary to be the same.没有必要一样。
I don’t really care if my friends are the same as me or different.我不太关心朋友是否与我样。
A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.真朋友在你需要是帮助你,打你。
In fact, she’s funnier than anyone.事实上,她比任何人都更幽默。
In what ways are you different 你们在哪些方面不同?
Is he different from you in any way 在某方面他与你不同吗?
She’s always there to listen.她总是准备着倾听。
Huang Lei isn’t as good at tennis as Larry. Huang Lei打网球不如Larry。