(共92张PPT)
UNIT 5 WORKING THE LAND
单元核心素养
主题语境 单元语法 单元写作
人与社会——农业耕作 主语从句 转基因食品
语言知识 单词巧记 conventional, salty, reality, extension, organic, shortage, characteristic, consumption, chemical, mineral, depth, overcome, output, widespread
高频单词 devote, convince, assumption, expand, comprise
主题语境 单元语法 单元写作
语言知识 重点短语 be known as, devote...to, be comprised of, in turn, in addition, focus on
重点句型 ①“介词＋关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句 ②it作形式主语 ③given that ④not only...but also ⑤现在分词短语作结果状语 ⑥同位语从句
单元话题导读
[导语]你了解大蒜的历史、作用和对身体的好处吗？阅读这篇文章你便能找到答案。
Garlic
Some people can't stand garlic.“That smell is too strong.And it doesn't go away! There's nothing worse than garlic，” they say._____ Chester Aaron grows eighty seven kinds of garlic on his farm.He wrote a book called Garlic Is Life.It seems that people either love garlic or hate it.
_____ The first wild garlic probably grew somewhere in western Russia. Later, travelers carried garlic to China, Europe, and North Africa. Farmers began planting it over 5,000 years ago.
1.F
2.D
People in many cultures shared similar ideas about garlic.For example, it was believed that garlic made it possible for slaves to work harder and longer. In Greece, the athletes of the first Olympic Games ate garlic, because they wanted to become stronger and faster._____ In some places, garlic was called “food for lovers”．People added it to other foods because it tasted good.
People in many cultures ate garlic when they got sick._____ It was also supposed to help with different kinds of pain.
Is eating garlic actually good for you, or should we just laugh at these old ideas The truth is, doctors today are telling their patients，“Eat garlic！” Recent research shows that garlic is good for your heart.
3.A
4.B
_____ In many cultures, people trusted garlic to protect them from all kinds of bad luck.Garlic is great, but it can't do that!
A．But garlic wasn't only for slaves and athletes.
B．It was supposed to make a cold or fever go away.
C．In China, people also used garlic to keep meat fresh.
D．Maybe you don't know that garlic has a long history.
E．Recent research shows that garlic is bad for our health.
F．Other people say it tastes great and it's good for you, too.
G．However, we can't accept every idea about garlic from the past.
5.G
解析：
1．根据上文“Some people can't stand garlic.‘That smell is too strong.And it doesn't go away! There's nothing worse than garlic，' they say.”以及后文“It seems that people either love garlic or hate it.”可知，上文提到了有些人受不了大蒜，那么本句应当是提到一些人喜欢大蒜。上文“Some”可对应到 F选项中的“Other”，短语some...other...“一些……另一些……”。故F选项“其他人说它味道好，对你也有好处”符合语境，故选 F项。
2．根据后文“The first wild garlic probably grew somewhere in western Russia.Later, travelers carried garlic to China, Europe, and North Africa. Farmers began planting it over 5,000 years ago.”可知，本段主要是在介绍大蒜的历史。故D选项“也许你不知道大蒜有很长的历史”符合语境，故选D项。
3．根据上文“For example, it was believed that garlic made it possible for slaves to work harder and longer.In Greece, the athletes of the first Olympic Games ate garlic, because they wanted to become stronger and faster.”以及后文“In some places, garlic was called‘food for lovers’. People added it to other foods because it tasted good.”可知，本句承上启下，总结上文，引出下文。故A选项“但大蒜并不只是奴隶和运动员吃的”符合语境，故选A 项。
4．根据上文“People in many cultures ate garlic when they got sick.”以及后文“It was also supposed to help with different kinds of pain.”可知，本句是在介绍大蒜治疗疾病的功效。B选项中“It was supposed to”与后文“It was also supposed to”在句式上形成排比。故B选项“它应该能使感冒或发烧消失”符合语境，故选B项。
5．根据后文“In many cultures, people trusted garlic to protect them from all kinds of bad luck.Garlic is great, but it can't do that！”可知，本段是在说关于大蒜的观点。故G选项“然而，我们不能接受过去所有关于大蒜的观点”符合语境，故选G项。
【技巧指导】
三步法做七选五
第一步：先做段首、段尾题，缩小排查范围
段首、段尾题一般是主旨句(总结句)或者是过渡句，语言特征鲜明，题目相对简单，比较容易判断。解题时，先将这类题目选项定位，这样既可缩小思考范围，又使原文的信息更加明了清晰。
本试题中，第2、5题处于段首。第2题根据后面的内容可知本段介绍了大蒜的历史，故很容易确定答案。第5题根据后文可知本段主要介绍的是观点，注意选项中的关键词 idea。
第二步：剩余选项细排查，利用前后句间的关系来判定
段首、段尾题判定复位后，原文的信息更加的清晰明了，再次通过读原文，理清剩余题目的句间关系，将剩余选项对应复位。
第三步：代入选项通读原文，来验证句意是否通畅
将所有的答案代入原文，通读检查逻辑关系，看行文是否符合逻辑。
Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking
课前自主预习
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．_________n.杂交植(动)物；合成物；混合动力车
2．________vt.把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于→ _________ n.献身，奉献；忠诚；信仰，祈祷；热爱 →__________ adj.献身的；忠诚的
3．___________ n．不足；缺少；短缺→________ adj.不足的；缺少的；短缺的
4．_________ vt.解决(难题)；应付(局面)；处理
5．_________ n．危机；危急关头→_________(pl.)
hybrid
devote
devotion
devoted
shortage
short
tackle
crisis
crises
6．________ vt.使增长；使兴旺 n．增长；提高；激励
7．________ n．产量；产出 vt.出产(作物)；产生(收益、效益等) vi.屈服；让步
8．___________ vt.使相信；使确信；说服→_____________ adj.令人相信的；有说服力的；令人心悦诚服的
9．_________________ n．特征；特点；品质 adj.典型的；独特的→____________ vt.使具有特征 n．性格；特点；字母；角色
10．_________ vt.(通常经过努力)获得；得到
11．_______________ adj.传统的；习惯的
boost
yield
convince
convincing
characteristic
character
attain
conventional
12．____________ vt.授粉；传粉→______________ n．授粉；传粉
13．_____________ n．假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权利的)获得→_________ v．假定；设定
14．__________ adj.热切的；十分强烈的；激烈的
15．___________ vt.(overcame, overcome)克服；解决；战胜
16．_____________ vt.& vi.扩大；增加 vt.扩展；发展(业务) → ____________ n．扩展；发展；扩大
17．_________ n．产量；输出；输出量 vt.(output, output)输出
18．___________ vt.估计；估价；估算 n．估计；估算
pollinate
pollination
assumption
assume
intense
overcome
expand
expansion
output
estimate
19．___________ adj.本国的；国内的；家用的
20．______________ n．消耗；消耗量；消费→__________ vt.消耗；消费→___________n.消费者
21．___________ vt.包括；包含；由……组成
22．___________ vt.产生；引起
23．_________ n．(动、植物的)系；品种；拉伤；压力
24．__________ n．闲暇；休闲；空闲
25．_______ n．泥土；土壤；国土；领土
26．____________ n．名望；名誉；名人；名流
domestic
consumption
consume
consume
comprise
generate
strain
leisure
soil
celebrity
27．___________ vt.展望；想象→_________ n．想象；视力；视野；影像
28．________ n．谷物；谷粒；颗粒
29．__________ n．现实；实际情况；事实→_______ adj.真的；真实的→_________ adv.真正地
30．________ adj.含盐的；咸的→_______ n．盐
envision
vision
grain
reality
real
really
salty
salty
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．__________________ one's dreams实现某人的梦想
2．care ______ 照顾；关心；喜欢
3．be known _____作为……而出名；被称为……
4．devote..._____把……用于；献身；致力；专心
5．be comprised _____包括；包含；由……组成(或构成)
6．far _______远非；绝不
7．deep _______在内心深处；本质上；实际上
fulfill/realize
for
as
to
of
from
down
8．_____ heart内心里； 本质上；十分关心(某人的利益或福祉)
9．_____ home and abroad在国内外
10．open _____将(瓶、盒等)开封；拆开；敞开心扉
at
at
up
Ⅲ.重点句型
1．Indeed, his slim but strong body is just like that of millions of Chinese farmers, __________ he has devoted his life.
事实上，他瘦削但结实的身躯看起来和他为之奉献了一生的千千万万的中国农民一样。
2．Today, _______________________ about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan's hybrid strains...
据估算，现在中国国内消费的大米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物……
to whom
it is estimated that
3．________ that Yuan's hybrids have made him quite wealthy, one might think he would retire to a life of leisure.
考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有，人们可能会认为他会退休享受悠闲的生活。
Given
Ⅳ.课文预读
(Ⅰ)Reading for the main idea.
1．What's the main idea of the passage？____
A．Ways to increase the rice output.
B．Yuan Longping's dreams.
C．Yuan Longping's super hybrid rice.
D．Yuan Longping—an agricultural pioneer.
D
2．Match each paragraph with its main idea.
Para.1 A．Yuan conducted research and developed hybrid rice.
Para.2 B．Yuan is old but still full of dreams that he is turning into
reality.
Para.3 C．Yuan considers himself a farmer.
Para.4 D．Yuan decided to study agriculture.
Para.5 E．Yuan's innovation has helped to feed more people.
Para.6 F．Yuan cares little for celebrity or money.
答案：Para.1 C Para.2 D Para.3 A
Para.4 E Para.5 F Para.6 B
(Ⅱ)Reading for the details.
1．From the first paragraph, we know that Yuan Longping ____.
A．is a farmer
B．looks like a farmer
C．has a weak body
D．is China's most famous scientist
B
2．Why did Yuan Longping choose to study agriculture？____
A．Because his parents wanted him to do so.
B．Because he wanted to win awards in this field.
C．Because farmers sometimes suffered from serious shortage of food at that time.
D．Because he wanted to make more money by selling seeds.
C
3．How long did it take Yuan Longping to develop his super hybrid rice？____
A．12 years. B．14 years.
C．21 years. D．30 years.
C
4．Which of the following can we know from the passage？____
A．Yuan Longping is living a life of leisure.
B．Most experts on agriculture agreed on the possibility of developing a kind of hybrid rice.
C．“Seawater rice” is a kind of rice that has a low output.
D．Yuan Longping is not interested in becoming famous or wealthy.
D
课内要点探究
1．devote vt.把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于
核心单词
①(2022·北京高考)It is important for everyone to devote some time to health and fitness.
对每个人来说，花一些时间来锻炼和健身是很重要的。
②(柯林斯词典)She gladly gave up her part time job to devote herself entirely to her art.
她欣然放弃了兼职工作，全身心地投入到艺术中去。
③(牛津高阶)She is devoted to her children.
她深爱她的孩子。
G 归纳拓展
T 图解助记
J 即学即练
单句语法填空
①Society even praises “burning the candle at both ends” as a sign of our ___________(devote) to work and family.
devotion
②But we do think that you can live a more powerful life when you devote some of your time and energy ________ something much larger than yourself.
③The scientific team devote themselves to __________(seek)for traces of wild foxes.
句型转换
④Devoted to teaching the deaf children, the young lady has little time to care for her own daughter.
→______________________ teaching the deaf children, the young lady has little time to care for her own daughter.
to
seeking
Devoting herself to
2．convince vt.使相信；使确信；说服
①(朗文当代)The officials were eager to convince us of the safety of the nuclear reactors.
官员们急于让我们相信核反应堆的安全性。
②(剑桥高阶)I hope this will convince you to change your mind.
我希望这能说服你改变主意。
③(中国日报)A good leader should convince his/her followers that his/her policies serve their interests.
一个好的领导者应该让他的追随者相信他的政策符合他们的利益。
④(剑桥高阶)I didn't find the ending of the film very convincing.
我觉得这部电影的结局不是很有说服力。
G 归纳拓展
J 即学即练
单句语法填空
①(2023·1月浙江高考卷)Yeah. But I'm ___________ (convince) my parents love having me back. What about you
②Scientists are convinced ________ the positive effect of laughter on physical and mental health.
③Nobody could come up with a _____________ (convince) reason why the dinosaur died out.
④They tried to convince him _____________(support) them.
convinced
of
convincing
to support
⑤____________(convince) that the Belt and Road Initiative (“一带一路”倡议) will benefit China's economy, we are optimistic about the future of our country.
完成句子
⑥Robert's expression obviously ___________________(使她相信) his honesty.
⑦_______________________(我确信) we were doing the right thing.
Convinced
convinced her of
I was convinced that
3．characteristic n．特征；特点；品质adj.典型的；独特的
①(2023·新课标全国Ⅰ卷)Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
现在列出所有你喜欢的自己身上的特点。
②(剑桥高阶)The creamy richness is characteristic of the cheese from this region.奶油的丰富是这一地区奶酪的特点。
③(牛津高阶)Characteristically she took the joke very well.
从她的性格来说，她经得起那个玩笑。
④(剑桥高阶)Bright colours and bold strokes characterize his early paintings.
明亮的色彩和大胆的笔触是他早期绘画的特点。
G 归纳拓展
T 图解助记
J 即学即练
单句语法填空
①(2023·1月浙江高考卷) The activity began with a lecture by a local botanist, who taught us about the different __________________________ (characteristic) and uses of various plant species.
characteristics
②(2023·北京卷)Mangroves, known as “red forest” in China, grow between land and sea, ___________________ (characterize) by their complex roots.
③A characteristic _____this animal is its ability to live for a long time without water.
翻译句子
④He spoke with characteristic enthusiasm.
_____________________________
characterized
of
他以特有的热情说话。
4．assumption n．假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权利的)获得
①(朗文当代)People make a lot of assumptions about me.
人们对我有很多假设。
②(2022·北京高考)A systems approach to creating change is also built on the assumption that everyone in the system has equal power.
一种创造变革的系统方法也建立在系统中的每个人都拥有相同权力的假设之上。
③(剑桥高阶)We can't assume the suspects to be guilty simply because they've decided to remain silent.
我们不能仅仅因为嫌疑人决定保持沉默就认定他们有罪。
④(牛津高阶)It is generally assumed that stress is caused by too much work.
普遍认为，紧张是工作过重所致。
⑤(牛津高阶)We can all leave together assuming(that) the others aren't late.
我们大家可以一起走——假定其他人不耽搁的话。
G 归纳拓展
T 图解助记
J 即学即练
单句语法填空
①Traditional exercises like sit ups, press ups and pull ups are good for building up your strength, ___________(assume) you do them properly.
②It was impossible to make______________(assume)about people's reaction.
assuming
assumptions
③What will you do _____ the assumption that you can't beat him in the first round of the match
④We must assume him ________(be) innocent until he is proved guilty.
句型转换
Considering what she has done, we assume her to be warm hearted.
⑤→Considering what she has done, we __________________________ warm hearted.
⑥→_____________________ she is warm hearted considering what she has done.
on
to be
assume (that) she is
It is assumed that
5．expand vt.& vi.扩大；增加 vt.扩展；发展(业务)
①(牛津高阶)Why not try to expand your story into a novel
你怎么不把你的故事扩展成小说呢？
②(中国日报)It is sometimes difficult for companies to expand their advantages to other areas and regions.
有时，公司很难将其优势扩展到其他领域和地区。
③(2022·全国乙卷)In Wickenden's book, she expanded on the history of the West and also on feminism, which of course influenced the girls' decision to go to Elkhead.
在威肯登的书里，她进一步阐述了西方的历史以及女权史，这当然影响了这两位女孩去埃尔赫德的决定。
G 归纳拓展
T 图解助记
J 即学即练
单句语法填空
①The company has abandoned plans for further__________ (expand)．
②(2023· 全国甲卷) As grizzly bears expand their range _______places where they haven't been seen in a century or more, they're increasingly being sighted by humans.
expansion
翻译句子
③请你把这一点详细说明一下好吗？
__________________________________________
into
Could you expand on that point, please？
6．estimate vt.估计；估价；估算 n．估计；估算
①(牛津高阶)We estimated his income at/to be about 8,000 a year.
我们估计他一年的收入大约8 000 英镑。
②(剑桥高阶)We'll accept the lowest of three estimates for the building work.
我们将接受建筑工程三个估价中最低的一个。
③(牛津高阶)It is estimated (that) the project will last four years.
据估计，这项工程将持续四年。
④(柯林斯词典)An estimated 1,600 vessels pass through the strait annually.
估计每年有1 600艘船经过这个海峡。
G 归纳拓展
T 图解助记
J 即学即练
单句语法填空
①The hospital will cost an ________________(estimate)￡ 2 million to build.
②Organizers estimated the crowd _____50,000.
estimated
at
③(2023·新课标全国Ⅰ卷)The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases, the average of a large number of independent ____________(estimate) could be quite accurate.
完成句子
④据估计，这项工程将持续四年。
__________________ that the project will last four years.
estimates
It is estimated
7．reality n．现实；实际情况；事实
①(2021·天津高考)As it became clearer that fashion was what I wanted to do full time, the reality of my day to day work at the insurance company became harder.
随着“时装是我全职想要做的事情”这一想法变得越来越清楚，我在保险公司的日常工作变得日益艰难。
②(牛津高阶)She tried to turn her dream of running her own business into reality.
她努力实现经营自己企业的梦想。
③(剑桥高阶)I thought it was just a fire practice，but apparently it was for real.
我以为这只是一次消防演习，但很明显它是真的。
④(2023·全国乙卷) I really loved the experience, and I soon became an eager reader.
我真的很喜欢这种经历，很快我就成了一个热切的读者。
G 归纳拓展
J 即学即练
单句语法填空
①His theories are somewhat remote from__________(real)．
②(2023· 全国甲卷) Apart from the knowledge and skills related to my major, I'm _________(real) good with computers.
翻译句子
③Outwardly she seemed confident but in reality she felt extremely nervous.
________________________________________________________
reality
really
表面上看，她显得信心十足，而实际上她紧张得要命。
1．be known as作为……而出名
必备短语
①Yuan Longping, known as the “father of hybrid rice”， is one of China's most famous scientists.
袁隆平，被誉为“杂交水稻之父”，是中国最著名的科学家之一。
②Mo Yan and Tu Youyou are known as Noble Prize winners in China.
在中国，莫言和屠呦呦作为诺贝尔奖获得者而出名。
③What is Einstein known for
爱因斯坦因为什么而出名？
④Jay Chou who is known as a singer is known to the young.
作为歌手出名的周杰伦为年轻人知晓。
G 归纳拓展
J 即学即练
用适当的介词填空
①Guilin is known ______ its beautiful sceneries.
②(2023·新课标全国Ⅰ卷)On March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated what has come to be known ____ the “wisdom of crowds” effect.
③This young lady was known _____ the whole town for her generosity.
for
as
to
2．be comprised of包括；包含；由……组成
①(中国日报)At the Breeze Ruffled Lotus at Quyuan Garden, we met tour groups mainly comprised of the elderly.
在屈原园的“风摆荷花”处，我们遇到了以老人为主的旅游团。
②(2022·北京高考)But using machine learning and artificial intelligence, some scientists propose that human diets consist of at least 26,000 biochemicals—and that the vast majority are not known.
但通过使用机器学习和人工智能，一些科学家提出，人类饮食至少包含26 000 种生物化学物质——而绝大多数还不为人所知。
③(牛津高阶)The course is made up of 12 two hour sessions.
这门课总共上12次，每次两小时。
G 归纳拓展
J 即学即练
单句语法填空
①The fountain was comprised _____ three stone basins.
②The entire universe is made _____ of different kinds of matter.
③Output ___________(consist)of both exports and sales on the domestic market.
of
up
consists
翻译句子
④So, is happiness honestly just comprised of “things”？
_____________________________________________
⑤早餐有无黄油的面包和一杯茶。
_____________________________________________________
所以，幸福真的是由“物质”组成的吗？
Breakfast consisted of dry bread and a cup of tea.
1．Indeed, his slim but strong body was just like that of millions of Chinese farmers, to whom he had devoted his life.
确实，他瘦削但结实的身躯看起来和他为之奉献了一生的千千万万的中国农民一样。
重点句型
J 句型剖析
这是一个主从复合句。主句是his slim but strong body is just like that of millions of Chinese farmers, to whom he has devoted his life是“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。
①(中国日报)The creatures“owners”， most of whom are students, gave us instructions on when and how much to feed through video chats.
这些动物的“主人”大多是学生，他们通过视频聊天告诉我们什么时候喂食以及喂食多少。
②(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Additionally, from time to time I will assign group work to be completed in class or short assignments to be completed at home, both of which will be graded.
此外，我会不时安排小组作业在课堂上完成，或安排短作业在家完成，这两项作业都会评分。
③(柯林斯词典)Their business came from a few big publishers, all of whose books they bound.
他们的业务来自于几个大出版商，这些出版商的书都是他们装订的。
G 归纳拓展
J 即学即练
单句语法填空
①I finally knew the reason for ___________ she didn't talk to me and comforted her.
②(2023·新课标全国Ⅱ卷)Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo's special education students, many of _______ have emotional control issues.
③He handed me a pen _______ which I wrote down his phone number.
④Copernicus' theory is now the basis on ________ all our ideas of the universe are built.
which
whom
with
which
⑤(2021·3月天津卷)William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes _______ which we can learn without repeating them.
完成句子
⑥My computer, _________________(没有它) I can't surf the Internet, crashed yesterday.
⑦The old man has two sons，___________________________ (两个都是律师)．
from
without which
both of whom are lawyers
2．Today, it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan's hybrid strains, and his strains have allowed China's farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year.
据估算，现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物，这些品种(形成的作物)让中国农民每年能够生产出大约两亿吨稻米。
J 句型剖析
本句是一个复合句。it作形式主语， that引导的是主语从句。
①It is estimated that the building will be completed in ten months.
预计大楼十个月内可以完工。
②It is reported that the temperature will decline sharply in one or two days.
据报道，一两天内气温将急剧下降。
G 归纳拓展
因为真正的主语太长，为了避免句子头重脚轻，所以用形式主语 it。英语中还有许多It is estimated that...这样的结构，用来将真正的主语后置。
It is said/believed/reported/supposed that....
J 即学即练
完成句子
①(2023·全国乙卷) ______________ (据报道) that the number of those sticking to a traditional diet is slowly declining and around half of Britain's consumers would like to change or improve their cooking in some way.
②_________________________(据估算)the school art festival will last four days.
③______________________(据说)Chinese characters were invented by Cang Jie.
It is reported
It is estimated that
It is said that
3．Given that Yuan's hybrids made him quite wealthy, one might think he would have retired to a life of leisure.
考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有，人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。
J 句型剖析
这是一个主从复合句。主句是one might think；后面是省略了that的宾语从句：he would retire to a life of leisure。 given that为连词，此处意为“考虑到……”，引导原因状语从句。
①(中国日报)But given that the movement is so strong and it's so clear that it is so strong, I think something will happen.(原因状语从句)
但考虑到这场运动如此强大，而且很明显它很强大，我认为会发生一些事情。
②(牛津高阶)It was surprising the government was re elected，given that they had raised taxes so much.(条件状语从句)．
令人惊奇的是政府把税收提高这么多仍再次当选了。
③(朗文当代)Given that the patients have some disabilities, we still try to enable them to be as independent as possible.(让步状语从句)
考虑到患者有一些残疾，我们仍然努力使他们尽可能独立。
G 归纳拓展
given that也可以引导条件、让步状语从句
given可用作介词，表示“考虑到；假定”等意思。类似的句型
Considering that 考虑到
Provided/Providing (that) ... 如果；假设；在……条件下
Suppose/Supposing (that) ... 假定；假设；设想
J 即学即练
单句语法填空
①(2023·北京卷)The absence of teaching excellence from the rankings is surprising _______(give) the link between high quality teaching and student success.
②Given _______ I don't earn that much, I decide not to go on vacation this summer.
given
that
完成句子
③________________(考虑到他的年龄), he is very strong and healthy.
④_______________(考虑到)the students need more exercise, the head teacher has decided to add more PE classes.
Given his age
Given that
随堂达标验收
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．It must be acknowledged that this object has not been ___________ (attain)．
2．We could not convince him _____ his mistake.
3．He is considering ____________ (expand) his business.
4．That is fair enough, given _______ I do not look so senile.
5．These difficulties are about to _______________ (overcome)．
6．(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)_____________ is so breathtaking about the experience is the out of this world scenes.
attained
of
expanding
that
be overcome
What
7．Few people are able to _________ themselves fully to their careers. Once they are __________ to them, their ___________ must bring them a big success. (devote)
8．__________ (assume) that you are right, what should we do next
9．It is simply a matter _____ realizing where you already are.
10．The __________ (real) is that there is not enough money to pay for this project.
devote
devoted
devotion
Assuming
of
reality
Ⅱ.选词填空
1．Mariusz Kedzierski, a 27 year old Polish artist, was born without arms, but he still managed to ___________________ of drawing realistic paintings.
2．Many online services _______________ charging consumers high prices. On the contrary, they are free of charge.
be comprised of，deep down，be far from，fulfil one's dream，open up， dream up，devote oneself to，given that，be convinced that，be known as
fulfil his dream
are far from
3．Einstein's theory of relativity seemed hard to believe when he first introduced it, but it really ____________ a new area of study.
4．He seems confident but ____________ he is quite insecure.
5．Who ______________ the idea of painting our living room wall a bright red
6．The sales network __________________ retail outlets (零售专卖店) and chain stores.
7．We should ______________________ environmental protection and ecological improvement.
opened up
deep down
dreamed up
is comprised of
devote ourselves to
8．I ____________________ he is the most honest in the world.
9．_____________you are still young, I forgive you.
10．The Great Wall ______________ an ancient man made wonder.
am convinced that
Given that
is known as
Ⅲ.课文与语法填空
根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Yuan Longping, known as the“father of hybrid rice”， was born in 1930 in Beijing. ____________ (learn) that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious ____________(short) of food to eat, he chose to study agriculture and graduated from Southwest Agricultural College in 1953.
1.Learning
2.shortage
After his graduation, Yuan ___________(devote) his life to finding ways to produce more rice. He realised that larger fields were not the solution _____ food crisis. Instead, farmers needed to boost yields in the fields they had. Through intense effort, Yuan got over enormous technical ________________ (difficulty) and developed the first hybrid rice in 1974, which enabled farmers to expand their output ___________(great). Yuan's rice has helped feed not just China，_______ many other countries that depend on rice as well. Yuan Longping cares little for wealth or fame. Instead, he _________(make) large donations to support agricultural research.
3.devoted
4.to
5.difficulties
6.greatly
7.but
8.makes
________ impresses people most about Yuan Longping is his ongoing ability _______________(fulfill) his dreams. Despite his advanced years, Yuan Longping is still young at heart and full of vision, and everyone is waiting to see what he will dream up next.
9.What
10.to fulfill(共24张PPT)
Section Ⅱ Learning About Language
单元语法精析
Grammar——句子结构
语法导图
语法讲练
主语从句
一、定义
在主从复合句中用作主语的从句叫主语从句。
D 典例呈现
①What made people moved was that medical workers devoted themselves to treating patients during the outbreak of the virus.
让人们感动的是在病毒暴发期间医疗工作者专心治疗病人。
②It worries the mother that her son doesn't have the ability to tackle crisis.
她的孩子没有应对危机的能力，这让这位母亲很担心。
二、连接词及其句法功能
连接词 用法
从属连词 that 在从句中不作成分， that没有实际意义，位于句首时，不可省略
That the driver survived the accident is a miracle.
这个司机在事故中幸免于难简直是一个奇迹。
从属连词 whether 在从句中不作成分， whether意为“是否”，不可省略
Whether the sports meet will be held is not certain now.
＝It is not certain now whether the sports meet will be held.
运动会是否会举行现在不能确定。
连接词 用法
连接代词 who(ever), whom(ever), whose, what(ever), which(ever)等 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等
Whoever breaks the law is bound to be punished.
无论谁违反了法律，必定会受到惩罚。
Whatever you do in your spare time should do no harm to others.
你在业余时间做的任何事都不应该伤害别人。
连接词 用法
连接副词 when, where, why, how等 在从句中作状语，表示时间、地点、原因、方式等
How the book will sell depends on its author.
这本书如何出售取决于作者本人。
Where we shall have the meeting makes no difference.
我们在哪儿开会都无所谓。
J 即学即练1
单句语法填空
①_______he suddenly fell ill made us surprised.
②__________she is coming or not doesn't matter too much.
③Every year, __________makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
④Your support is important to our work. ___________ you can do helps.
⑤______we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.
That
Whether
whoever
Whatever
How
⑥________Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but some won't accept it.
⑦_______you need is more practice in order to improve your reading skills.
⑧______the boy can earn a living in London remains a big problem since he has no money with him.
⑨Because it is rainy，_______we shall have our sports meet is a mystery.
⑩Tom is not at home now. ________ he has gone is a question.
Where
What
How
when
Where
三、用it作形式主语的结构
结构 例句
It＋be＋形容词(obvious, true, natural, strange, etc.)＋主语从句 It is important that people should know how to do first aid.
人们知道如何急救是非常重要的。
It＋be＋名词词组(no wonder, an honour, a pity, a/no surprise, etc.)＋主语从句 It's a pity that he failed again despite his efforts. 遗憾的是尽管他努力了，他还是失败了。
结构 例句
It＋be＋过去分词(said, reported, thought, expected, proved, etc.)＋主语从句 It is suggested that the meeting be put off because of bad weather.
由于天气不好，有人建议推迟会议。
It＋不及物动词(happens, seems, appears, etc.)＋主语从句 It seems that you have misunderstood what I said at the meeting.
看来你误解了我在会上所说的话了。
It＋及物动词＋宾语＋主语从句 It shocked me that he should yield to a young man.令我震惊的是他竟然向一个年轻人屈服了。
J 即学即练2
单句语法填空
①(2020·江苏)It is not a problem __________we can win the battle; it's just a matter of time.
②(2020·课标全国Ⅲ)It is said _______about 20% of 25 34 year olds live with their parents, compared with 16% in 1991.
whether
that
完成句子
③(2020·江苏)_______________________(据报道) that the film is well received outside China.
④_______________________(人们相信)that the movie will be not only meaningful but also interesting.
It is reported
It is believed
四、应注意的问题
1．主语从句的虚拟语气
主语从句中的谓语用(should)do 在“It＋be＋形容词(important, necessary, strange, etc.)＋主语从句”结构中
在“It＋be＋过去分词(suggested, ordered, required, advised)＋主语从句”结构中
D 典例呈现
①It is necessary and important that one (should) master the skill of operating computers to meet the need of a job.
为了满足工作上的需要，掌握电脑操作技巧是很有必要并且是很重要的。
②It is suggested that the work (should) be finished as soon as possible.
有人提议那项工作要尽早完成。
2．主语从句的主谓一致
主语从句 由一个连接词引导一个从句 谓语动 词用 单数
由两个或多个连接词引导一个从句 由what引导，且表示复数概念(常可从表语上看出)的从句 复数
由and连接两个或两个以上从句 D 典例呈现
①What the school badly needs most are books and equipment.(What引导，且表示复数概念)
这所学校最需要的是书和设备。
②When they will start and where they will go have not been decided yet.(两个连词，两个从句)
他们将在什么时候动身以及要去哪里还没定下来。
③When and where they will hold the meeting is not clear.(两个连词，一个从句)他们何时何地召开会议还不清楚。
J 即学即练3
单句语法填空
①Where he will get a job after graduation ________(have)puzzled him much.
②What he desired to get _________(be) novels written by the famous novelist.
has
were
完成句子
③It is necessary that ______________________(人们应学会) to face the reality.
④It's suggested that the old man __________________ (应该去) to the countryside to have a rest.
peeple should learn
should go
专项练习
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．What caused the serious traffic accident ________________ (remain) unknown.
2．It is a pity _______ we won't be able to go camping this Sunday.
3．Whoever ___________(pollute) the environment will be punished.
4．_______ we shall be late is certain.
5．It is not sure __________ he will come to your house or not.
6．The deadlines and ______ you need to apply depend on the program.
remains
that
pollutes
That
whether
what
7．_______ you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes.
8．It's possible ___________ we all have compromised conversational intelligence.
9．_____ is a fact that the earth is round.
10．_______ parents say and do has a lifelong effect on their children.
What
that
It
What
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．_____________________ made us very happy.
她当选了使我们很高兴。
2．___________________________ is a complete mystery.
是什么导致了这项事故还完全是个谜。
3．_____ makes no difference ________ we shall have the meeting.
我们在哪里开这个会都无所谓。
4．_______________ made me angry.
他说的话使我气愤。
That she was chosen
What caused the accident
It
where
What he said
5．It is required that the students ________________ school uniforms at school.
学校要求学生在学校必须穿校服。
6．________________ is not yet known.
她说的是什么还不知道。
7．____________________________________________ is silly.
他拒绝这个建议是愚蠢的。
(should) wear
What she said
That he refused this piece of advice/suggestion
8．______________________ that these vegetables can even be planted without any soil through this new technology.
通过这项新技术，这些蔬菜甚至可以在没有任何土壤的情况下种植，这让我们所有人大吃一惊。
It amazes all of us(共66张PPT)
UNIT 5 WORKING THE LAND
Section Ⅲ Using Language
课前自主预习
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．________ adj.城市的；都市的；城镇的
2．_______ n．炸弹 vt.轰炸；对……投炸弹
3．_________ n．地下通道；地道；隧道
4．____________ n．扩建部分；扩大；电话分机→_________ vt.延伸；扩大；推广 vi.延伸；扩大；伸展
5．___________ adj.与化学有关的；化学的 n．化学制品；化学品
6．________ n．小麦；小麦籽
7．__________ n．味道；特点；特色
urban
bomb
tunnel
extension
chemical
wheat
flavour
extend
8．______________adj.营养(物)的→_____________adj.有营养的；营养丰富的→____________ n．营养；滋养
9．__________ n．贫穷；贫困
10．__________ adj.有机的；不使用化肥的；有机物的
11．____________ n．杀虫剂；除害药物
12．_____________ adj.分布广的；普遍的；广泛的
13．_________ vt.& vi.消化 vt.领会；领悟→____________ n．消化；领悟
14．____________ adj.完全必要的；极其重要的
nutritional
nutritious
nutrition
poverty
organic
pesticide
widespread
digest
digestion
essential
15．__________ n．矿物；矿物质
16．____________ n．可供选择的事物 adj.可供替代的；非传统的
17．__________ n．食品杂货店→____________[pl.]食品杂货
18．___________ n．例子；实例；事例
19．________ n．向下(或向里)的距离；深(度)→_______ adj.深的
20．_______ n．根；根茎；根部；根源
21．___________ adv.全部地；完整地；完全地→_________ adj.全部的；整个的；完全的
22．_________ n．方面；层面
mineral
alternative
grocery
groceries
instance
depth
deep
root
entirely
entire
aspect
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．take _____承担，接受(尤指艰巨工作或重大责任)；呈现，显出(新面貌或新特点)
2．turn..._______把……变成
3．make use _____利用
4．_______ one's demands满足某人的需要
5．adapt _____适应
6．now _______既然
7．make _____ one's mind下定决心
on
into
of
meet
to
that
up
8．complain ________抱怨
9．_____ turn相应地；转而；依次；轮流
10．_____ for关于；至于
11．switch _____转到；转换到
12．turn _____求助于；求教于；转向
13．focus _____集中(注意力、精力等)于；聚焦于；关注
14．keep... free __________使……免受(影响、伤害等)；使……不含(有害物)
15．______ instance例如；比如
about
in
as
to
to
on
from/of
for
Ⅲ.重点句型
1．For example, pesticides can damage the land by killing ___________ harmful bacteria and insects, ___________ helpful ones.
例如，农药不仅可以杀死有害的细菌和昆虫，还可以杀死有益的昆虫，从而破坏土地。
2．Why different crops are grown is because they put important minerals back into the ground, _________it ready for the next batch of crops.
为什么要种植不同的作物，是因为他们把重要的矿物质放回地里，让它为下一批作物生长做好准备。
not only
but also
making
3．What keeps them from doing so is the fact _______ chemical farming serves the high demand for food around the world.
阻止他们这样做的原因是化学农业满足了世界各地对粮食的巨大需求。
that
Ⅳ.课文预读
阅读Reading for writing中的材料，选择最佳答案
1．From the passage, we can see organic farmers are those who ____.
A．grow crops with chemical fertilisers
B．grow crops with natural fertilisers
C．produce organic fertilisers
D．care for the environment
B
2．From the passage, we know that ____.
A．the chemicals in the soil will soon disappear
B．pesticides are of great benefit to helpful bacteria
C．crops grown with chemical fertilisers can provide more essential minerals
D．crops grown with chemical fertilisers usually grow too fast
D
3．Farmers ____ so that the soil may not get exhausted.
A．grow the same crops year after year
B．use natural fertilisers
C．change crops every few years
D．use chemical fertilisers
4．What is the author's purpose of writing the passage？____
A．To call on farmers to turn to organic farming.
B．To introduce some good ways to make the soil rich.
C．To urge the government to stop using pesticides.
D．To give some advice on how to increase the output of crops.
C
A
课内要点探究
1．essential adj.完全必要的；极其重要的
核心单词
①(2022·北京高考)The result—an approach known as systems thinking—is now seen as essential in meeting global challenges.
其结果——一种被称为系统思维的方法——现在被视为应对全球挑战的关键所在。
②(牛津高阶)Breathable, waterproof clothing is essential for most outdoor sports.
大多数户外运动衣服必须透气且防水。
③(牛津高阶)It is essential to keep the two groups separate.
必须将这两个组分开。
④(牛津高阶)It is essential that you attend all the meetings.
你务必要参加所有的会议。
⑤(剑桥高阶)The essence of his argument was that education should continue throughout life.
他的论点的实质是教育应该贯穿一生。
G 归纳拓展
T 图解助记
J 即学即练
单句语法填空
①But it's essential _______you pick yourself up and move on.
②Tidiness in the workshop is really essential ______producing good work.
that
for
③It's essential ________(be)open to new opportunities when they come your way.
④It is essential for us _________(set) our goal realistically.
⑤It is essential that you ________________(learn) Chinese history.
to be
to set
(should) learn
2．alternative n．可供选择的事物 adj.可供替代的；非传统的
①(牛津高阶)Do you have an alternative solution to the problem
你有没有别的办法来解决这个问题？
②(剑桥高阶)I'm afraid I have no alternative but to ask you to leave.
恐怕我别无选择，只能请你离开。
③(牛津高阶)We could take the train or alternatively go by car.
我们可以坐火车去，也可以坐汽车去。
G 归纳拓展
T 图解助记
J 即学即练
单句语法填空
①________________(alternative), you can transfer money via a French bank in London.
②We see no alternative but ____________(change)the logo design.
③Public transport serves as an economic alternative _____cars.
④(2023·1月浙江高考卷) With gas prices rising and airport security lines snaking longer than ever, why not book your next domestic vacation on a train Compared to other ______________(alternative), it's comfortable and relaxing.
Alternatively
to change
to
alternatives
完成句子
⑤The criminal _________________________(除……别无选择) to tell the truth of his crime.
had no alternative but
3．depth n．向下(或向里)的距离；深(度)
①(朗文当代)Plant the beans at a depth of about six inches.
把豆子种在大约六英寸深的地方。
②(牛津高阶)I haven't looked at the report in depth yet.
我还没有深入研究这份报告。
③(2022·全国甲卷)Ever since her childhood, Ginni, now 71, has had a deep love for travel.
现年71岁的金妮从小就深爱旅行。
④(柯林斯词典)As we drew nearer to it the water gradually deepened.
我们靠近它时，水渐渐深了起来。
G 归纳拓展
T 图解助记
J 即学即练
单句语法填空
①They studied _____depth the situation at home and abroad.
②Water was found at ____ depth of 30 metres.
in
a
翻译句子
③There were plans to deepen a stretch of the river.
______________________________________
④The child is being taught subjects that are beyond his depth.
_______________________________________
曾经有过加深一段河道的计划。
现在教给这个孩子的学科都过于深奥。
1．in addition除此之外，此外
必备短语
①In addition, these chemicals can stay in the soil and underground water sources for a long time.
此外，这些化学物质可以在土壤里和地下水源中留存很长时间。
②In addition to my weekly wage, I got a lot of tips.
除了每周的薪水外，我还能得到不少小费。
③Add up all the money I owe you.
把我欠你的钱都加在一起。
④The heavy rain added to the difficulty in rescuing the buried people.
大雨增加了营救被掩埋人员的困难。
⑤In addition, the information about each word in a pocket dictionary is generally limited.
此外，袖珍字典里有关每个词的信息普遍是有限的。
G 归纳拓展
J 即学即练
单句语法填空
①(2023·全国乙卷)In addition _____the problem of miscomprehension from both sides, there are victories accidentally or deliberately twisted, especially when only the victors know how to write.
②(2023·新课标全国Ⅰ卷)You could ask a friend or family member to help add ____ your list.
③The time I spend in commuting everyday adds _____ to three hours.
to
to
up
2．in turn 相应地；转而；依次；轮流
①(2022·北京高考)This, in turn, gives us new goals of health and fitness.
这反过来又给我们提供了健康的新目标。
②(牛津高阶)The book is, by turns, funny and very sad.
这部书时而妙趣横生，时而悲悲戚戚。
③(朗文当代)Dan and I usually take turns to cook.
丹和我通常轮流做饭。
④(牛津高阶)I think it's our turn to drive the kids to school this week.
我想这周轮到我们开车送孩子们上学了。
J 即学即练
单句语法填空
①The two brothers take________(turn) looking after their father.
②He gets cheerful and depressed _____turns.
③I paid a visit to him yesterday in return______ his help.
④(2023·新课标全国Ⅱ卷)I post my work on social media and, _______ turn, have met some of the kindest people.
⑤It's my turn ___________(clean) the classroom.
turns
by
for
in
to clean
3．focus on 集中于；聚焦于
①(2023·1月浙江高考卷) InSPIRE is investigating practical approaches to “low impact” solar development, which focuses on establishing and operating solar farms in a way that is kinder to the land.
InSPIRE正在研究“低影响”太阳能开发的实用方法，其重点是以对土地更友好的方式建立和运营太阳能农场。
②Today, we're going to focus on the question of homeless people.
今天，我们主要关注无家可归者的问题。
③If we find those materials interesting, we'll focus our attention on them for long.
如果我们发现那些材料有趣，我们的注意力就会长时间集中在它们身上。
④Health and environmental problems have increasingly become the focus of attention.
健康和环境问题日益成为人们关注的焦点。
J 即学即练
单句语法填空
①When the kitchen is finished, I'm going to focus my attention _____ the back yard and get that straightened out.
②(2023· 全国甲卷) You value progress and focus _____the quality of work more than the quantity.
③He lay in bed with his eyes __________(focus) on the ceiling.
④There is too much noise. I can't concentrate my attention _____ the work.
on
on
focused
on
4．for instance 例如；比如
①(2023·新课标全国Ⅰ卷)For instance, the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals.
例如，从四个五人讨论组的估计中获得的平均值明显比从20个独立个体获得的平均值更准确。
②(牛津高阶)Some cautions must be mentioned—for example good tools are essential to do the job well.
有些警告一定得说，如：工欲善其事，必先利其器。
③(柯林斯词典)It protects against environmental hazards such as wind and sun.
它防范诸如狂风和烈日等环境危害。
G 归纳拓展
J 即学即练
单句语法填空
①(2023·全国乙卷)There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases, such ______ carbon dioxide.
②There are jobs more dangerous than truck driving，______instance, training lions.
as
for
翻译句子
③Those who were more self disciplined, for instance, were no more likely to live to be very old.
___________________________________________________
④There is a similar word in many languages, for example, in French and Italian.
________________________________________________________
比方说，那些更加自律的人并非更有可能活到很老。
许多语言，譬如法语和意大利语，都有相似的词。
1．For example, pesticides can damage the land by killing not only harmful bacteria and insects, but also helpful ones.
例如，农药在杀死有害细菌和害虫的同时也会杀死有益的细菌和昆虫，从而破坏土地。
重点句型
J 句型剖析
本句是 not only...but also 连接的简单句。
①(2023·北京卷)That project, which I could complete from my sofa instead of in the burning heat of the desert, not only survived the lockdown but worked where traditional methods didn't.
我可以在沙发上完成这个项目，而不是在沙漠的酷热中完成，它不仅在封锁期间幸存下来，而且在传统方法不奏效的地方也奏效了。
②(2021·全国新高考Ⅰ卷)Not only can these stories relieve my stress, but also they can broaden my horizon.这些故事不仅可以缓解我的压力，还可以开阔我的视野。
G 归纳拓展
not only...but also...不仅……而且…… 连接两个并列成分，着重强调后者
连接两个句子，且not only位于句首时， not only后面的句子要用部分倒装
连接两个主语，其谓语动词的数通常与靠近的主语保持一致
J 即学即练
单句语法填空
①Not only the students but also the teacher ______(be)invited.
②Not only the children but also their father _____(be)fond of pedaling the tricycle.
was
is
完成句子
③(2023·全国乙卷)它们不仅看起来很漂亮，而且研究表明，它们可以通过改善情绪、减轻压力和帮助增强记忆力来促进人们的健康。
_______________________________, but studies have shown that they can promote people's wellbeing by improving their mood (心情), reducing stress and helping their memory.(部分倒装)
Not only do they look beautiful
2．Why different crops are grown is because they put important minerals back into the ground, making it ready for the next batch of crops.
种植不同的作物是因为它们把重要的矿物质返回土壤中，使其为下一批作物做好准备。
J 句型剖析
本句是一个复合句。Why...are grown 是主语从句；because 引导的是表语从句。本句中 making it...为现在分词短语作结果状语，表示前面的情况所造成的结果，相当于and make it ...。
①Fifteen million trees had been blown down by the high winds, blocking (＝and blocked) roads, paths and railway lines.
1 500万棵树被狂风刮倒了，把大小道路和铁路都堵塞了。
②Her parents died, leaving (＝and left) her a lot of money.
她父母死了，给她留下了许多钱。
③The bus was held up by the snowstorm, thus causing the delay.
公共汽车被大雪所阻，因此造成了耽搁。
④He hurried to the airport, only to be told that the plane had taken off.
他匆忙赶到机场，结果被告知飞机已经起飞了。
G 归纳拓展
现在分词和不定式短语作结果状语
现在分词短语 作结果状语表示自然而然的、意料之中的结果
不定式短语 作结果状语表示偶然的、意料之外的结果，且前面常有only修饰
J 即学即练
单句语法填空
①(2023·新课标全国Ⅰ卷)When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, ___________(result) in a more accurate estimate.
②European football is played in 80 countries, _________(make) it the most popular sport in the world.
③I rushed to the station in a hurry, only __________ (find)the train had already gone.
resulting
making
to find
④(2023·全国甲卷) Obviously, if precautions (预防) aren't taken, grizzlies can become troublesome, sometimes __________(kill) farm animals or walking through yards in search of food.
killing
3．What keeps them from doing so is the fact that chemical farming serves the high demand for food around the world.
阻止他们这么做的原因是化学耕作满足了全世界对食物的大量需求。
J 句型剖析
这是一个复合句。What keeps them from doing so是主语从句；is是系动词；the fact是表语；that chemical farming serves the high demand for food around the world是同位语从句，用来说明fact的具体内容。
①(牛津高阶)She was good at physics despite the fact that she found it boring.
尽管她认为物理枯燥无味，她却学得很好。
②(2023·全国甲卷) So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances.
我们中的许多人都认为舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，当我们经历舒适区之外的事情时，我们会对环境失去耐心。
③(2022·全国甲卷)The realization that this is a precious land, to be respected by humans, was one of the biggest things that hit home to Ginni.
认识到这是一块宝贵的土地，应该受到人类的尊重，这是对吉尼来说最重要的事情之一。
④(中国日报)There remains a big question whether there is a“second Whitlam”in the Australian Labor Party.
澳大利亚工党中是否存在“第二个惠特拉姆”仍然是一个大问题。
G 归纳拓展
易混辨析：同位语从句与定语从句的区别
从句性质 引导词
同位语从句 名词性从句 引导词在从句中不作成分
定语从句 形容词性从句 引导词在从句中可作主语、宾语、状语等
①(牛津高阶)She had to face the fact that her life had changed forever.
她得正视她的生活已永远改变了这一事实。(同位语从句)
②(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Like most of us, I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste.
像我们大多数人一样，我尽量关注那些被浪费的食物。(定语从句)
J 即学即练
单句语法填空
①He gave orders that the work _________________(start) immediately.
②I have some doubt __________ she will come on time.
③There can be little doubt _______this kind of class can help the gifted children to graduate earlier.
④(2023·新课标全国Ⅰ卷)This effect capitalizes on the fact _________ when people make errors, those errors aren't always the same.
(should)be started
whether
that
that
翻译句子
⑤听到他要回来这个消息我们非常高兴。
__________________________________________________
⑥他不知道会议什么时候举行。
________________________________________________
We are glad at the news that he will come back.
He has no idea when the meeting will be held.
随堂达标验收
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Teachers are guiding their students through research on the ways food is linked to environment, __________(poor), and people's health.
2．In the __________(deep) of my memory, many things I did with my father still live.
3．She devoted herself __________(entire) to her research and it earned her a good reputation in her field.
4．I wish I could do something in return ________ the kindness I have received from him.
poverty
depth
entirely
for
5．Your camp provides a good chance for me, where I can know more about other countries, and _____ turn tell them something about China.
6．There is only one earth on which we can live, so we cannot afford ___________(waste) any land resources.
7．It is essential __________(keep) the two groups separate.
8．The computer has been ______ use for many years, far beyond its guaranteed life span.
9．I'm thinking about making a switch _____ a smaller company.
10．No one can prevent this plan ________________(carry) out.
in
waste
to keep
in
to
being carried
Ⅱ.选词填空
1．People try to avoid transportation delays by using their own cars, and this __________ creates further problems.
2．Once people begin to volunteer, what leads them to remain in their positions _____________？
3．Most of us are more ______________ our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day.
set up， separate...from， in turn， carry out， over time，,focus on， for instance， essential for， at a depth of， alternative to
in turn
over time
focused on
4．All these experiments ________________ with practical rather than scientific aims in view.
5．The organization _______________ to preserve endangered species from extinction.
6．In no way can teaching in school ____________________ practice.
7．A great decline in young work force is likely to occur in China, _______________.
8．Sports suits and shoes are ________________most outdoor activities.
are carried out
was set up
be separated from
for instance
essential for
9．WeChat was quickly gaining popularity as free _________________ text messaging.
10．You can rarely encounter such creatures alive, because they live ________________six hundred feet in the ocean.
alternative to
a depth of
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
While chemical pesticides and artificial fertilisers help to fight crop disease and increase production, the long term use of them can be __________ (harm) to both the land and people's health.
As ______ alternative, some farmers have turned to organic farming, a kind of farming ___________ using any chemicals. These farmers focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease by using natural waste from animals
1.harmful
2.an
3.without
as fertiliser, ________ not only makes the soil in their fields _________ (rich) in minerals but also keeps the air, soil, water and crops free of chemicals.
In addition, organic farmers use many other methods to produce rich soil. They change the kind of crop _________(grow) in each field every year and they also plant diverse crops that use different __________(deep) of soil to help keep it rich.
4.which
5.richer
6.grown
7.depths
Some people prefer to stop the use of man made chemicals in agriculture ____________(entire), but organic farming is nowhere near able to meet the need. There is still a long way to find a suitable solution that ________(put) sufficient food on the dinner table while ____________(keep) people and the environment as healthy as possible.
8.entirely
9.puts
10.keeping(共14张PPT)
Section Ⅳ 写作指导
写作方法指导
转基因食品
【题目呈现】
假如你是李华，有些人提议在我国可以种植转基因农作物，以解决粮食短缺问题。对此，有人赞同，有人反对。对于转基因食品你的观点是什么呢？请根据下列表格内容写一篇80词左右的文章向某中学英文报投稿。
赞同者观点 世界人口持续增长，自然资源消耗迅速，有必要增加粮食产量
反对者观点 技术不成熟，是否安全尚未可知
你的观点 ……(至少两条)
注意：文章开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Editor，
It has become a heated topic whether the government should give permission for the production of GM (genetically modified) foods.
Yours，
Li Hua
【步骤分解】
步骤1 精准审题
本文是议论文；主要时态是____________；人称是____________。
步骤2 构建框架
第一部分：_______________；
第二部分：_______________；
第三部分：_______________；
第四部分：_______________。
一般现在时
第三人称
提出问题
正方观点
反方观点
自己的观点
步骤3 要点翻译
(1)赞成_______________
(2)持续增长________________________
(3)提高粮食产量_________________________________
(4)对……持有相反的态度____________________________________
(5)在他们看来___________________________
(6)用转基因技术提高粮食的产量是非常必要的。(画线部分用 it作形式主语)
_________________________________________________________________________
in favour of
increase continuously
improve the production of food
hold an opposite attitude towards
from their point of view
It is necessary to use the GM technology to improve the production of food.
(7)转基因技术还远未成熟，因此很难说转基因食品是否安全。(画线部分用 whether引导宾语从句)
__________________________________________________________________________________
(8)没有转基因食品，，似乎不可能养活这样一个人口众多的国家。(画线部分用 it seems impossible)
______________________________________________________________________________
GM technology is far from mature so that it is hard to say whether GM foods are safe or not.
Without GM foods, it seems impossible to feed a country with such a large population.
Dear Editor，
It has become a heated topic whether the government should give permission for the production of GM(genetically modified)foods.
Yours，
Li Hua
参考范文：
Dear Editor，
It has become a heated topic whether the government should give permission for the production of GM(genetically modified) foods.
Those in favour of the idea think that with the world population increasing continuously and the natural resources consumed at a very high rate, it is necessary to use the GM technology to improve the production of food.
However, some hold an opposite attitude towards GM foods. From their point of view, GM technology is far from mature so that it is hard to say whether GM foods are safe or not.
In my opinion, I support the production of GM foods. Without GM foods, it seems impossible to feed a country with such a large population. We can't forbid the production of them. We can't throw away the apple because of its core.
Yours，
Li Hua
J 即学即练
假如你们学校的“英语之声”广播站正在征集有关“使用化肥的利与弊”的文章，并将在本周五下午的“英语天地”栏目播出。请你结合以下表格所提供的信息，用英语写一篇新闻稿，介绍一下你所了解的情况以及你个人的观点。
利 1．使作物生长更快；2．节省农民的时间和精力。
弊 1．会杀死有益的细菌和昆虫，破坏土壤；
2．施肥过多会导致水污染，破坏生态环境；
3．长期使用化肥会影响人们的健康。
个人看法 农民应少使用化肥，而尽量使用有机肥。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．开头已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：细菌bacteria；昆虫insect；有机肥organic fertilizer
Over the past half century, using chemical fertilizers has become very common in farming
参考范文：
Over the past half century, using chemical fertilizers has become very common in farming . Although chemical fertilizers have brought a lot of benefits, like making the plants grow much faster and saving farmers’time and energy, the negative aspects of using them can't be ignored. To begin with, chemical fertilizers can damage the soil by killing the helpful bacteria and insects. What's more, using too many chemical fertilizers can lead to water pollution or, even worse, can spoil the ecological environment. And using them for a long time can even have a bad effect on people's health.
From my point of view, farmers should use more organic fertilizers rather than chemical fertilizers.(共12张PPT)
单元评价
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．___________n.不足；缺少；短缺
2．_________________ n．特征；特点；品质adj.典型的；独特的
3．_________vt.(通常经过努力)获得；得到
4．__________ adj.热切的；十分强烈的；激烈的
5．___________ vt.克服；解决；战胜
6．_________ vt.& vi.扩大；增加vt.扩展；发展(业务)
7．___________ vt.估计；估价；估算n.估计；估算
8．___________ vt.包括；包含；由……组成
shortage
characteristic
attain
intense
overcome
expand
estimate
comprise
9．_________ vt.&.vi.消化vt.领会；领悟n.摘要；文摘
10．____________ adj.完全必要的；极其重要的
11．______________ n．可供选择的事物
adj.可供替代的；非传统的
12．___________n.例子；实例；事例
13．_________ n．方面；层面
14．________vt. 把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于→ ________ adj.忠实的；深爱的→___________ n．献身；奉献；忠诚
15．_________ n．危机；危急关头→_________(pl.)
digest
essential
alternative
instance
aspect
devote
devoted
devotion
crisis
crises
16．___________ vt.使相信；使确信；说服→_____________ adj.令人信服的→____________ adj.坚信不移的
17．_______________ adj.传统的；习惯的→_____________ n．习俗；常规
18．_____________ n．假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权利的)获得→_________ v．假定；假设；认为
19．______________ n．消耗；消耗量；消费→__________ v．消耗，耗费(燃料、能量、时间等)
20．_________ n．想象；视力；视野；影像→___________vt.展望；想象
convince
convincing
convinced
conventional
convention
assumption
assume
consumption
consume
vision
envision
21．__________ n．现实；实际情况；事实→_______ adj.真实的→ __________ v．实现
22．________ adj.含盐的；咸的→_______ n．盐
23．______________ adj.营养(物)的→_____________ adj.有营养的；营养丰富的→____________ n．营养；滋养
24．________ n．向下(或向里)的距离；深(度)→_______ adj.深的
25．___________ adv.全部地；完整地；完全地→_________ adj.完全的
reality
real
realise
salty
salt
nutritional
nutritious
nutrition
depth
deep
entirely
entire
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．______________把……用于；献身；致力；专心
2．__________________包括；包含；由……组成(或构成)
3．____________在内心深处；本质上；实际上
4．_________________ 一件……的事
5．____________ 依赖；依靠
6．___________远非
7．___________ 照顾；关心；喜欢
8．_____________________ 在国内外
devote...to
be comprised of
deep down
a matter of...
depend on
far from
care for
at home and abroad
9．___________ (人)本质上；实际上；内心里
10．__________ 相应地；转而；依次；轮流
11．_______________ 例如；比如
12．______________ 另外
13．___________ 集中(注意力、精力等)于
14．______________________使……免受(影响、伤害等)；使……不含(有害物)
at heart
in turn
for instance
in addition
focus on
keep...free from/of
Ⅲ.句式结构
1．“介词＋关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句
Indeed, his slim but strong body is just like that of millions of Chinese farmers, __________ he has devoted his life.
事实上，他瘦削但结实的身躯看起来和他为之奉献了一生的千千万万的中国农民一样。
to whom
2．it作形式主语
Today, _______________________ about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan's hybrid strains...
据估算，现在中国国内消费的大米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物……
it is estimated that
3．given that“考虑到……；即然；假如”
________ that Yuan's hybrids have made him quite wealthy, one might think he would retire to a life of leisure.
考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有，人们可能会认为他会退休享受悠闲的生活。
Given
4．not only...but also...
For example, pesticides can damage the land by killing ___________ harmful bacteria and insects, ___________ helpful ones.
例如，农药不仅可以杀死有害的细菌和昆虫，还可以杀死有益的昆虫，从而破坏土地。
not only
but also
5．现在分词短语作结果状语
Why different crops are grown is because they put important minerals back into the ground, _________it ready for the next batch of crops.
为什么要种植不同的作物，是因为他们把重要的矿物质放回地里，让它为下一批作物生长做好准备。
6．同位语从句
What keeps them from doing so is the fact _______ chemical farming serves the high demand for food around the world.
阻止他们这样做的原因是化学农业满足了世界各地对粮食的巨大需求。
making
that
