河南省确山县第二高级中学2016届高三英语一轮复习教学案：Uint 7 The sea

确山二高 高三 年级 英语 学科共案
时 间： 星 期：
主 备 人：韩晓晖 使用人：高三英语组
【教学主题】Unit 7
【教学目标】
To review the useful words and phrases.
To let the students grasp the important points.
【知识梳理】
I：①基本单词
1. __________ n. 水手, 海员
2. __________ v. 说服, 劝服
3. __________ vi. 逃跑, 逃脱
4. __________ vi. 道歉
5. __________ adj. 有活力的
6. __________ n. 讲授，演讲
7. __________ n. 污染
8. __________ v. 不同意，意见不合
9. __________ adj. 当地的，地方性的
10. _________ vi. 下沉，沉没
11. _________ vt. 禁止
12. _________ n. 辩论，争论
13. _________ n. 精神
14. _________ vi. 恢复正常；康复
15. _________ n. 旅行, 旅程
16. chemical n. _________________
17. frightening adj. _________________
18. industrial adj. _________________
19. agricultural adj. _________________
20. ancestor n. _________________
21. recognise vt. _________________
22. eventually adv. _________________
23. up-to-date adj. __________________
24. opposite n. __________________
25. intelligent adj. __________________
26. intelligence n. __________________
②派生单词
1. ___________ vt. 吸引
___________ n. 吸引; 吸引力; 吸引人的人 或物
___________ adj. 吸引人的; 诱人的
2. ___________ vi. 教育
___________ n. 教育
____________adj. 教育的
__________ adj. 受过教育的; 有教养的
__________ n. 教育家; 教育工作者
3. ___________ n. 惊吓
___________ v. 使惊恐；吓唬
___________ adj. 令人惊恐的
___________ adj. 受到惊吓
4. _________ vt. 讲演; 演示 n. 现在; 礼物
__________ n. 演讲者; 授予人; 节目主持人
______________ n. 演示; 陈述; 颁奖
_________ n. 礼物; 赠品
_________ adj. 目前的; 现在的; 出席的
(反义词absent)
5. __________ n. 恐怖；惊恐
__________ n. 恐怖分子
__________ n. 恐怖主义
__________ adj. 讨厌的; 可怕的; 不好的
__________ v. 使恐惧；吓唬
③短语
1. _____________ 根据；依据
2. ________ 启航
3. _______________ 陷入麻烦; 陷入困境
4. _____________ 寻找; 寻求
5. _____________ 谋生
6. ____________ 注意
7. ____________ 突然; 忽然
8. ____________________ 说服某人做某事
9. ___________ 取; 接载
10. __________ 处理; 涉及
11. _________________ 选择做某事
12. __________________轮流做某事
13. ___________ 到达
14. be responsible for ______________
15. apologize to sb. for sth. _________________
16. ban ... from doing sth. ________________
17. manage to do _______________
18. in the direction of ______________
19. expect sb. to do sth. ________________
④句型
1. The Vikings were the first Europeans to reach America.
2. It’s three times as big underwater.
3. You certainly won’t find a noisier fish.
II：核心要点
（一）词汇
1. sign
【归纳】sign作名词时，意为：①迹象，征
兆；②招牌，标牌，指示牌，标志； ③手
势；④符号, 记号。
Eg: 1. The sign on the wall says “Wash your
hands here”.(标牌)
2. Mary gave us a sign to leave the room by
pointing to the door. （手势）
3. Scientists have found no sign of life on the
Mar so far.（迹象）
【辨析】symbol, sign, mark, signal
★symbol指作为象征或表达某种深邃意义的特殊事物，意为“象征（常与介词of搭配），符号（常与介词for搭配）”。如：
The dove is a symbol of peace.
On maps, a cross is the symbol for a church.
★mark意为“污点，斑”，也可指为易于辨认而做的记号。如：
Who made these dirty marks on my new book
White marks painted on the trees show the route.
★signal常指人们通用或事先约定的信号。如：
Henry raised his arm as a signal for us to stop.
2. persuade
【归纳】
persuade是动词，意为：①劝说，说服（常用搭配：persuade sb. to do sth.；persuade sb. into doing sth.）；②使信服，使相信（常用搭配：persuade sb. that ...；persuade sb. of sth.）。
e.g. You should try and persuade her to come out with us.
How can we persuade him into joining us
【拓展】
persuasive adj. 有说服力的，令人信服的
persuasion n. 说服；说服
【运用】根据括号内的汉语提示补全下列句子。
1. ________________________________ (很难使他们相信) that there is no other choice.
2. Nobody could _____________________________ (说服她改变主意).
3. We must ________________________________ (使他们相信改变的必要).
4. He can ____________________ (是非常有说服力的) when he wants to be.
参考答案：①It is very difficult to persuade them
②persuade her to change her mind
③persuade them of the need for change
④be very persuasive
3. apologise vt. 道歉
【归纳】
apologise to sb. for (doing) sth. 因（做）某事向某人道歉
【同根词】apology是名词，意为“道歉 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，致歉”， 常用搭配：make an apology to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人道歉；accept an apology for sth. 接受对某事的道歉。
Eg: Bob apologised to Jenny for having kept her waiting.
George made an apology to the teacher for being late.
Please accept my sincere apologies for my behaviour yesterday.
4. ban
【归纳】
ban可作动词，表示 “禁止”，常用于“b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )an sth.”或“ban sb. from doing sth.”中；还可作名词，表示“禁令”.
e.g. 1.That country will ban smoking in all offices later this year.
2.The go ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )vernment has banned public officials from accepting gifts from foreigners.
运用：他被禁止出席会议。
He ____ ______ _____ attending the meeting.
5. escape
【归纳】
escape用作动词，意为 “(从不愉 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )快或危险处境中)逃脱，escape from从……逃脱，从……逃走；（从监狱或管制中） 逃跑；溢出，流出；被忘掉； 避免，后跟动词时，用动词的-ing形式”。用作名词，意为“消遣；逃避，逃脱”，短语make one’s escape 逃跑；a narrow escape 死里逃生。
【拓展】
escaped adj. 逃跑了的 escapee n. 逃亡者
eg: ① He escaped from the enemy’s prison.
② There is no way to escape doing the work.
③ He had a narrow escape from being drowned.
6. survive
【归纳】
survive可以作及物动词和不及物动词，意为：经历（事故、灾难等）还活着，幸存；比……活得长。
e.g. ①Thanks to t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he firefighters, more people could survive the big fire.
②After the t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )raffic accident, no one survived except a few people who were badly injured.
③She survived her husband by ten years.
【拓展】
survival n. 残存，生还，生存
survivor n. 幸存者，生还者
【运用】用survive的适当形式完成下列句子。
1. They are trying their best to search for the ________.
2. After the big earth ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )quake the girl is the only ________ member of the family.
3. Few buildi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ngs here ________ the earthquake, for they were poorly built.
7. recognise vt. 辨认出，承认，意识到，接受
【归纳】
recognise sb./ sth. from / by sth.根据……认出……
recognise sth. as / to be sth.承认 / 确认……为……
be recognised as sth. 赏识；看重；公认
recognise that / what / how / who ... 明白，认识到……
eg: ① Dogs recognise people by their smell.
②John is recognised as the best footballer in the school.
③We recognised that the task was not straightforward.
8. present vt. 演示；讲演
【归纳】
作动词时，意为：①颁发 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，递交，呈递；②送给，赠与（常用搭配：present ... with）；③提出（论点、看法等）；④出现，显露出；⑤介绍，引见。
1. The mayor presented the prizes.(颁发)
2. Our class presented the school with a picture.（赠送）
3. The speaker presented arguments for his side.（提出）
4. This latest development presents a problem.（出现）
5. May I present you to my family （介绍）
作形容词时，意为：①现在的；②出席，在 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )场。常见搭配有：past and present过去和现在的；at the present time目前。
①At the present moment he is supposed to be in Paris.
②Every member of the class was present.
作名词时，意为：①礼物（用作可数名词）；②目前，现在。常用短语：at present目前；for the present就现在来说，暂时。
【运用】翻译下列句子。
1. 我给他送点什么生日礼物呢？
2. 我活在当下，不是过去。
3. 很抱歉他这会不在。
4. 就目前来说，我们最好什么都不做。
参考答案：①What can I get him for a birthday present
②I live in the present, not the past.
③I'm sorry he is out at present.
④For the present we had better do nothing.
（二）短语
1. get into trouble 陷入麻烦，陷入困境
【归纳】
be in trouble 有麻烦
have trouble (in) doing / with sth.在做某事方面有困难
ask for trouble 自找麻烦
take the trouble to do sth. 不辞劳苦地做某事
make trouble 制造麻烦
get into trouble 出事，遇到麻烦
get sb. into trouble 使某人陷入困境，给某人找麻烦
get sb. out of trouble 使某人脱离困境
【运用】翻译下列句子。
他从来不来除非他有麻烦了
我希望在这件事上你不会有困难。
这个男孩老给他的老师找麻烦。
他总是犯事落入警察手里。
如果你这样做，可能会牵连到我。
参考答案：
①. He never came except when he was in trouble.
②. I hope you won’t have any trouble with the thing.
③. The boy makes trouble for his teachers.
④. He is always getting into trouble with the police.
⑤. If you do, you might get me into trouble.
2. in search of (为了)寻找
e.g. ①They started off at once in search of the missing child.
②Artists are a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) kind of explorers, in search of inner truth and spiritual meaning.
【拓展】
search作动词时，常用search for = look for 寻找……
【运用】用search或其短语的适当形式完成下列句子。
1. I ___________ the book everywhere.
2. I looked everywhere ___________ my glasses.
3. The police _________ the man from head to foot.
参考：searched for in search of searched
3. pick up
【归纳】主要有以下含义：
★ 捡起，拿起，拾起。
★ 收听到；接收。
★ (开车) 接人。
★ 收拾；整理。
★ （指通过非正规的教育和指导）学会，学到。
★ 继续(讲故事、谈话等)。
Eg:① I picked up a wallet on my way to school this morning.(捡到)
②I picked up a few words of Greek when I was there last year.(学会)
③She usually pick ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s up her son from school on her way back from work.(接)
④ The radio can be used to pick up English programs.（接收）
⑤ After the party, I helped my aunt pick up the dishes.（收拾整理）
⑥ We pick up the sto ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ry again at the point where John has lost his job at the newspaper office.（继续）
4. in addition to 除了……之外(还)
【辨析】
in addition & in addition to
in addition可用作状语，相当于also, 其后不可加宾语；
in addition to ... 表示“除……之外（还有）”，to为介词，其后要接宾语。
e.g. He had to pay 10 dollars in addition.
He receives 5,000 dollars in addition to his salary.
5. manage to do sth. (= succeed in doing sth.)设法完成某事, 设法做
【辨析】
manage to do & try to do
用manage时，成功 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的把握大些；用try时，成功的把握不大。即：manage to do sth.的意思是“设法成功地完成……”，而try to do sth.的意思是“尽力做……（但结果不一定成功）”。
e.g. My brother worked hard and managed to pass the exam.
Tom tried to pass the exam, but failed because of laziness.
运用：1.我们设法得到了需要的东西。（汉译英）
2. Our parent ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s always get a little bit anxious if we __________________ (没有到家) when we say we will. （完成句子）
参考：①We managed to get what we needed.
②can’t / don’t manage to arrive home
6. watch out 注意，小心
【用法】
watch out一般用于祈使 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )句。watch out 相当于look out，意为“注意，当心，提防”；其后接宾语时，一般构成短语watch / look out for sb. / sth.，意为“密切注意，留意；当心，留神”。
e.g. Watch out! There is a dog coming.
When you cross the street, watch out for cars.
（三）句型
1. The Vikings were the first Europeans to reach America.
句型：sb. be the first to do sth. 某人是第一个做某事的人
说明：
⑴ 有时主语可用表示某物的词替代;
⑵ first根据实际情况可改为second, third, last... 等。
比较：it is/will be the first time that sb. ... have/has done这是某人第一次做某事
2. It’s three times as big underwater.倍数表达法的常用句型：
①倍数+ as +形容词/副词原级+ as ...。如：
The newly-built railway is three times as long as that one.
②倍数+形容词/副词比较级+ than ...。如：
The newly-built railway is three times longer than that one.
③倍数+ the +名词（如：size ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), height, weight, length, width等）+ of ...。如：The newly-built railway is three times the length of that one.
3. You certainly won’t find a noisier fish.
“否定词+比较级”结构是否定形式与比较级连 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )用，表示最高级意义，通常译为“没有比…更…”。常用的否定词有no, not ,never, nothing， nobody, hardly等.
Eg: I have never watched a better film.
I’ve never had a more pleasant one before.
另外：“比较级+ than any other ...”也表示最高级的含义。意为“比其他任何一个……都……”。如：
Ivan is taller than any other student in his class.
【典型例题】
正文统一用宋体五号字
I. 根据本单元所学单词及提示写出所缺单
词的正确形式。
1. When lion c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ubs are young, the mother stays with them while the father
h________ for food.
2. Rock music in the 1960s expressed the ________ (精神) of the times.
3. There were portr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )aits of his __________ (祖先) on the walls of the room.
4. She wrote less and less often, and eventually she stopped a_________.
5. If you can’t ________ (应付) the job I’ll get someone else to do it.
6. It took her a long while to r________ from her heart operation.
7. The Titanic was ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a passenger ship which s____ to the bottom of the ocean in 1912.
8. My father is a ve ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ry calm person, but my mother is just the o________.
9. Over the year we ha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ve had several _______ (辩论) about future policy.
10. With these aut ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )umn rains the roof is beginning to l_____. So we have to cover it with a sheet of plastic.
11. She pointed to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )her watch as a s___ that it was getting late and she wanted to leave.
12. It seems to me t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hat a lot of evil _____ (行为) are done in the name of religion.
13. He regularly gives ________ (演讲) on modern French literature.
14. We a________ for the late departure of this flight.
15. She was ________ (禁止) from driving for two years.
16. The memory of her brother’s death is still p________ in her mind.
17. The public sh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ould be ________ (教育) in how to use energy more effectively.
18. These flowers ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )are brightly coloured in order to ________ (吸引) butterflies.
19. He showed us our ________ (逃跑) route on the map.
20. You have grown up so that I hardly r________ you.
II. 用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1. He has shown me his stamp ________ (collect).
2. The __________ (fright) noise in the next room set the girl’s hair on end.
3. In 1916, Br ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )itish ________ (explore) Sir Ernest Shackleton made one of the first trips to Antarctica.
4. It remains ________ (know) when they are going to get married.
5. Has your f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )actory done anything to control the noise ________ (pollute)
6. We often don’t not ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ice it, but artificial ________ (intelligent) is all around us.
7. Why don’t you wear ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a green one Green can make you feel ________ (energy).
8. The beautiful beaches are the island’s main_______ (attract).
9. When I asked about ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )his size, the woman was _______ (able) to answer at first.
10. I’m sorry ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )that I ________ (agree) with the view that babies learn to speak through sound alone.
III. 选用方框内合适的短语，并用其适当形式填空。
in search of, according to, all at once,
in the direction of, on the edge of, in addition to
1. The hungry child went into the kitchen _________ some food to eat.
2. We will be paid ____________ the amount of the work we do.
3. Don’t put that glass _______________ the table; it might fall off.
4. _______________ teaching, she works as a nurse in the holidays to make more money.
5. The car sped away ______________the airport.
6. After sitting besi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )de the window for over ten minutes, ___________ he stood up and walked out of the room
IV. 根据括号内所给提示完成下列句子，每空一词。
1. You will _____ _______ ________ (陷入麻烦) if you park your car here.
2. The book _____ ______ ___________ ____ (现在被公认为) a classic.
3. I ________ _____ ________ (谋生) by teaching English at school.
4. “________ _______ (当心)!” he shouted, but it was too late — she had knocked the whole tray of drinks on the floor.
5. Mike _____ ___________ ________ (负责) designing the entire project.
6. Paul ________ ____ ______ ______ (与……合住一所房子) four other people.
7. ____ _________ ______ (多达) 100 people were killed in the air crash.
8. On the one hand they’d love to have kids, but ______ _______ ________ ________ (另一方面), they don’t want to give up their freedom.
V. 根据括号内的提示翻译下列句子。
1. 回家的路上我要顺便买些东西做饭。（pick up）
2. 他劝说父亲戒烟，但父亲就是不听。（persuade sb. to do sth.）
3. 我弟弟努力学习并顺利通过了考试。（manage to do sth.）
VI. 阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
According to th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e Guinness Book of Records, British born Ranulph Feinnes is the world’s greatest living explorer. After serving in the army from 1963 to 1970, he became a full-time adventurer and has participated in over thirty expeditions (探险) and raised 1. ________ five million pounds for charity. He has visited both poles and, in 1993, he and fellow adventurer Mike Stroud became the first men to make the journey across Antarctica on foot without 2. ________ support team. He has had to pay a price for his adventures, however. In the year 2000, during a failed attempt 3. ________ (make) it to the North Pole on foot alone, dragging his supplies on sleds, he got into trouble 4. ________ one of his sleds fell through thin ice and suffered frostbite in his left hand trying to rescue it, 5. ________ (eventual) losing the tips of two of his fingers. He also developed a sweet tooth during his polar expeditions, 6. ________ (eat) a family size bar of fruit and nut chocolate everyday, which, he says, led 7. ________ a heart attack in 2003 and diabetes (糖尿病). Four months after heart surgery, 8. ________, he and Mike Stroud were on the go again, running seven marathons on seven continents in seven days. In 2007, he 9. ________ (climb) the North Face of the Eiger; and, in 2008, at the age of sixty-five, he became the 10. ________ (old) Briton to climb Mount Everest and the first man to have visited both the world’s poles and to have climbed its highest mountain. Feinnes makes his living as a writer and by presenting lectures at company conferences.
参考答案：
I：hunts spirit ancestors altogether handle recover sank
opposite debates leak sign deeds lecture apologise banned present educated attract escape recognised
II：collection frightening explorer unknown pollution
Intelligence energetic attraction unable disagree
III：1.in search of 2. according to 3. on the edge of
4.In addition to 5.in the direction of 6.all at once
IV：1.get into trouble 2.is now recognised as 3. make a living
4.Watch out 5.is responsible for 6.shares a house with
7.As many as 8.on the other hand
V：1.I’ll pick up something for dinner on my way home.
2.He tried to persu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ade his father not to smoke, but his father wouldn’t listen.
3. My brother worked hard and managed to pass the exam.
VI: 1.over 2. a 3. to make 4.when 5.eventually 6.eating 7.to 8.However 9.climbed 10. oldest