河南省确山县第二高级中学2016届高三英语一轮复习教学案：Uint 11 The media（无答案）
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| 名称 | 河南省确山县第二高级中学2016届高三英语一轮复习教学案：Uint 11 The media（无答案） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2015-11-22 09:59:59 | ||
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确山二高高三年级英语学科共案
时 间： 星 期：
主 备 人：申亚楠 使用人：
【教学主题】unit 11
【教学目标】
1.To improve the students learning skills
2.To make the students learn some useful words and expressions
3.To learn some important sentences in the text.
【知识梳理】
基本单词
1. __________ n. 电 2. _________ n. 改革, 改良
3. _________ vt. 要求, 请求 4. _____ n. 债务, 欠款
5. _____ n. 主办(国/城市/机构); 主人 vt.主办 6. _____ n. 信仰；信心；信任
7. ___________ vt. 宣布, 宣告 8. ___________ adj. 高兴的，愉快的
9. ___________ vt. 出版，发行 10. ___________ n. 事件，事情
11. ___________ n. 解释, 说明 12. _______ vt. 责怪, 归咎于
13. ______ vt. 雇用 14. ______ adj. 合法的, 与法律有关的
15. _______ vt. & n. 尝试，试图 16. ________ n. 过程，进程
17. ________ n. 利润，收益 18. ________ n. 赞同; 恩惠
19. ______________ n. 鼓励 20. _________ vt. 假装
21. _____________ n. 意见不一；分歧 22. _________ vt. 为…做广告, 登广告
23. _________ vt. 尊敬, 敬重 24. _________ adj. 传统的；经典的
25. _________ adj. 合适的 26. _________ n. 幽默
27. __________ vt. 做出结论; 结束 28. __________ adj. 有害的
29. ___________ n. 保护，防卫 30. media n. _____________
31. political adj. _ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )___________ 32. painful adj. _________________
33. willing adj. _____________ 34. defend vt. ________________
35. argument n. _____________ 36. attitude n. ____________
37. contribution n. ____________ 38. faithfully adv. ______________
39. interrupt vt. & vi. ______________
二，派生单词
1. __________ vt. 解释; 说明 3. ________ adj. 合法的; 与法律有关的
__________ n. 解释; 说明 _________ adv. 合法地
2. __________ vt. 雇佣 _________ n. 合法
____________ n. 雇用; 就业 _________ adj. 非法的
__________ n. 雇主 _________ adv. 非法地
__________ n. 受雇者; 雇员 _________ n. 违法; 非法; 不合法
______________ n. 失业; 失业状态 4. ___________ vt. 鼓励
_____________ adj. 无工作的; 失业的 ______________ n. 鼓励
5. _______ n. 损害; 伤害 ___________ adj. 令人鼓舞的
_______ vt. 损害; 伤害 ___________ adj. 受到鼓舞的
_________ adj. 有害的
_________ adj. 无害的; 安全的
三．短语
1. 是……的意思，代表; 支持 _______ 2. 由……组成; _____________
3. 作为…被纪念 ________________ 4. 详细地; 仔细地 _________
5.阻止某人做某事 ___________________________________
6. 期待; 盼望 ________________ 7. 对……负责________________________
8. 赞同; 支持; 有利于 _______________
9. 因某事被责备 ___________________
10. 在公共场合; 当众; 公然__________ 11. 假装做…… ______________
12. 突出，显眼 __________ 13. 参与; 参加 _________________________
14. 只要 ___________ 15. 使…远离; (使)不接近 ______________
16. 帮助克服困难; 帮忙做事 _________ 17. 反对；抵制 __________
18. 开始做; 着手干; 继续做 _____________
19. 根据某人的观点; 依某人之见 _____________
20. 对…有害 _______________________
21. come down to sth. ___________ 22. risk doing ... ___________
23. be linked ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to/with ... ________ 24. make contributions to ________________
25. over the last d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ecade _____________ ment on __________________
27. crash into _ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )________________ 28. be/get stuck __________________
29. protest about ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )__________________30. have an effect on _________________
四，核心要点
1. demand
【归纳】
vt. “(强烈)要求”, 常用于以下结构：demand to do sth. ；
demand sth. (from sb.)；
demand+ that从句（从句谓语用should+动词原形，should可省略）。
n. 要求; 请求; 需要，常与for连用。 in (great) demand 大量需求
meet the demand (for sth.) 满足 (对某物的)需要demand for ... 对……的需求
【拓展】常见的含demand的短语有：
★by popular demand意为“由于许多人的要求，由于普遍要求”。如：
By popular demand, the play will run for another week.
★in demand意为“需求大”。如：
Our software is in demand all over the world.
★on demand意为“一经要求”。如：
Should you feed your baby on demand, or stick to a timetable
【运用】翻译下列句子。
1. 工人们在要求提高工资。
_______________________________________
2. 他要求将一切都告诉他。
_______________________________________
3. 对改革的要求日益增强。
_______________________________________
2. announce
【归纳】
announce v.，意为：①宣布，宣告（ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )常用搭配：announce sth. to sb.; announce that ...）；②（尤指通过广播）通知。；③声称，宣称（其后常跟that从句）
【拓展】
announcer n. 播音员
announcement ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n. ：①（一项）公告，布告，通告（常与of连用，其后也常跟that引导的同位语从句）；②（指行动）宣布，宣告（常与of连用）。 make an announcement 宣布; 宣告
【运用】根据括号内的汉语提示补全下列句子。
1. Robert
______________________________________ (宣称他已戒烟).
2. They
______________________________________ (在等待竞赛结果的宣布).
3. Amy ________________________________ (向她的家人宣布了她的计划).
3. blame
【归纳】
vt. 责备; 把……归咎于 常见搭配：
blame sb./ sth. for sth.因某事责备某人
blame sth. on sb. / sth. 把某事的责任归咎于
be to blame for sth. 对（坏事）负有责任。
n. 责备; 指责; 责任
常见搭配有：lay / put the blame for (doing) sth. on sb. 把某事归咎于某人；
take / get/ accept the blame for 对……承担责任
【运用】翻译下列句子
1,她没把她父亲的死归罪于任何人。
2其中一台电脑坏了，她把责任归咎于我
3, 哪个司机是此次事故的肇事者？
4, 她偷了钱但是她把责任推给我。
4. pretend
【归纳】
v. 意为“假装”，可接名词、不定式或从句，也可用作不及物动词。
e.g. He pretended not to have heard about it. 他假装没听过这件事。
She pretended to be looking for something.她假装在寻找什么东西。
【运用】根据括号内的汉语提示完成下列句子，每空一词。
1. The man _______ __ __（假装是）a doctor.
2. Peter _________ ___ __ ___（假装没看见）me when I passed the coffee shop.
3. The workers _________ __ __ _______假装正在工作）hard at their machines
when the boss came in.
5. respect vt. 尊敬；尊重 n. 尊敬；尊重
【归纳】
have respect for 尊重……; 尊敬…… show respect for 对……表示尊敬
win one’s respect 赢得某人的敬重
【拓展】
respectable adj. 值得尊敬的 respectful adj. 表示敬意的，尊敬的
【运用】 翻译下列句子。
1. 他尊重他朋友所持的每条见解。(respect vt. )
2. 年轻人应该尊敬老年人。(respect n. )
6. advertise
【归纳】vt. 为……做广告; 登广告说
vi. 为“登广告征求（或找寻）”，常与for连用。
e.g. If you want to sell your books, you must advertise them.
【拓展】
advertiser n. 刊登广告者; 广告商 advertising n. 广告业
advertisement n. (一则)广告
put an advertisement （in a newspaper）（在报纸上）登广告
insert an advertisement 插播广告 an advertising campaign广告宣传活动
【运用】用advertise的适当形式填空。
1. He decided to go and look at some ____________ of jobs.
2. Audience size is not the only factor ________ are interested in.
3. I’m going to ________ for someone to clean my house.
7. contribution
【归纳】n. 捐助；贡献；稿件
make contributes to为……做出贡献; 贡献给
e.g. 1. All ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )contributions for the school magazine must be received by August 1st.
2. The young ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )man has made an important contribution to the company’s success.
【拓展】contribute v. 贡献；捐助；投稿
contribute…to 把……捐献给…… contributor n. 捐献者，投稿人
【运用】翻译下列句子。
1. 公路的修建将有助于当地经济的发展
3. 编辑们对他的稿件评价很高
8. conclude
【归纳】
得出结论，断定
（常见搭配：conclude sth. from sth; conclude from sth. that ... ）
② 达成，缔结（常见搭配：conclude sth. with sb.）
【拓展】conclusion n. 结论，结局 in conclusion 最后; 总之; 综上所述
bring sth. to a conclusion 使结束; 使终止
arrive at /come to a conclusion 得出结论; 结束
draw/reach a conclusion 得出结论
【运用】翻译下列句子
1. He concluded fro ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )m their remarks that they were not in favour of the plan.
2. A trade agreement was concluded between the two countries
9. approach
【归纳】
作不可数名词时，意为“（距离和时间上的）靠近，接近”；作可数名词时，意为“方法，入口，态度”，常与介词to连用作动词时，意为“接近”。如：
She hadn’t heard his approach and jumped as the door opened.
His book represents a new approach to the difficulty.
★approach作动词时，意为“走进，接近”。如：
As you approach the town, you’ll see the college on the left.
10. consideration n.
【归纳】
可意为“仔细考虑，深思，斟酌”。
常见搭配有：be under consideration在考虑中；
take sth. into consideration把某事考虑在内，顾及某事；也可意为“体贴，顾及”，常与介词for连用。如：
There are several plans under consideration.
We will take your ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) recent illness into consideration when marking your exams.
He has never shown much consideration for his wife’s needs.
11. attempt
【归纳】意为“尝试，试图”。作动词时，后 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )常接名词、代词或不定式作宾语；作名词时，可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词，多用作可数名词。常用搭配：attempt to do sth.; attempt at (doing) sth.。
e.g. He attempted the examination but failed.
Shelly attempted to get in touch with various Irish leaders.
五，短语
11. stand for意为：①是……的意思；②忍受，容忍（常用于否定句）；
③主张，支持。
e.g. What does IOC stand for
I can’t stand for his rudeness any longer.
I want to know what Lily stands for before
【运用】 根据汉语意思补全下列句子（每空一词）。
1. 美国国旗代表自由与公正。
The American flag _______ ____ freedom and justice.
2. 我不会容忍被别人当孩子一样对待。
I won’t _____ ___ _____ ______ like a child.
3. 约翰对正确的事情总是支持的。
John always ________ ____ what is right
12. be made up of 由……组成; 由……构成 = consist of 由……组成; 包含有……
e.g. A car is made up of many different parts.
The committee consists of five members.
【运用】用以上短语的适当形式填空。
1. The audience at ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) yesterday’s meeting __________________________ twelve leaders from some big companies.
2. Women ________ 56% of the student numbers in the university.
13. in favor of 赞同; 主张
e.g. He said he was in favour of people working shorter hours.
【拓展】含favour的常用短语：
ask a favour of sb.求人帮一个忙 do a favour for sb.帮某人一个忙
in one’s favour对某人有利
14. stand out
【归纳】①杰出，出色；②突出，显眼；③伸出，凸出；
④坚持，坚持抵抗（常与介词against, for连用）；⑤经受住，顶住。
【运用】根据汉语意思补全下列句子（每空一词）。
1. 我们测试的三辆车比其余的出色。
Three of the cars we tested _____ ___ ______ ___ ____.
2. 我坚决反对他的主意。I am ________ ___ ______ ___ _____.
15. as/so long as 只要; 长达。相当于so long as，引导条件状语从句。
as far as (表示程度或范围) 就/远到……
【运用】把下列句子翻译成英语。
1. 只要不影响学习，干兼职是个好主意。
2. 队伍长达10米。
六．经典句型
1，They realise that it doesn’t matter how attractive the idea linked with the product is — most people know that the main purpose of the advertisement is making customers spend money.
句型：“It doesn’t matter+从句”意为“……没关系；……不重要”。
e.g. It doesn’t matter who won the football match.
2. AIDS is another ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )problem of great concern so sex education and health care administration are extremely important
要点 “of +抽象名词”相当于其对应的形容词
E.g They realize that it is of great value to record and teach them to the younger generation.
七，语法 被动语态
【归纳】
被动语态由“be +及物动词的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )过去分词”构成，be随主语的人称和数的变化而变化，被动语态的时态也通过be表现出来。以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式如下：
一般现在时被动am / is / are done 一般过去时被动 was / were done
一般将来时被动shall / will be done 或am / is / are going to be done
过去将来时被动would be done或was / were going to be done
现在进行时被动am / is / are being done 过去进行时被动 was / were being done
现在完成时被动has / have been done 过去完成时被动 had been done
【拓展】
1. 有些短语动词相当于及物动词，所以这些短语动词也有被动语态。如：
The children are well looked after.
2. 被动语态可含有情态动词，其结构是“情态动词 + be +过去分词”。如：
These stairs are very dangerous. They should be repaired.
3. 一般将来时的被动语态还可用“be + to be done”结构表达。如：
About $20 billion is to be spent on the project
4. 在need, want, require, bear和be worth等后常跟动词-ing形式的主动形式，表示被动意义。如：
The flowers need watering.
This novel is worth reading again.
5. 有些不及物动词（其主语大都指物）可以表示被动意义。这些不及物动词主要有下列几种：
①某些连系动词（smell, taste, sound, feel等）。如：
The food taste ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s nice. That sounds very reasonable.
②某些与can’t, won’t等连用的不及物动词（move, lock, shut, open等）。如：
It can’t move. The door won’t shut.
③某些可与well, easily, sm ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oothly等副词连用的不及物动词（read, write, wash, clean, draw, burn, cook等）。如：
The poem reads smoothly. The cloth washes well.
【运用】用所给动词的正确形式完成下面的短文。
So far, many s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ightings of UFOs or unidentified flying objects (不明飞行物) 1. ________________ (report) by people all over the world. They are most often sighted in remote areas — farms and fields, etc. Generally, UFOs 2. _____________ (describe) as round or saucer (茶碟) like. That is why they have also been named “flying saucers”.
A few years ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ago, a flying saucer 3. _________ (report) by a man in a small town in Georgia. According to the newspaper account, the man 4. _____________ (follow) by the UFO for more than 20 minutes. He said that a strange light 5. ________ (give) off by the UFO. Lights on flying saucers have been reported by others as well. It seems that the lights are a form of communication. Some people said that they 6. ______________ (take) away by force by these lighted ships. Once on board the UFO, they 7. _____________ (examine) with instruments that they had never seen before.
Are these stor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ies fact or fiction No one really knows, but one thing is certain. Flying saucers 8. ________ (be) a popular topic in newspapers and movies for years.
【典型例题】
八．【巩固练习】
I. 根据本单元所学单词及提示写出所缺单词的正确形式。
1. In communication, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) a smile is usually a strong sign of a friendly and open ________ (态度).
2. Eighty percent of h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is CDs are ________ (经典的) English songs, which are good for our English studies.
3. The boy ________ (假装) to have a stomachache so he could watch the football match at home.
4. The boys __________ (试图) to leave for camping but were stopped by their parents.
5. Many children are afraid of being ________ (责备) for making mistakes in speaking English.
6. It was a________ that new speed restrictions would be introduced.
7. It was an unusual ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ly hot summer and air conditioners were in great d________.
8. From his accent, we may c________ that he comes from America.
9. Many people be ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lieve that the ________ (方法) should be used to deal with our present problem.
10. It may be fair ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ly cheap to buy, but you’ve got to take into c___________ the money you’ll spend on repairs.
II. 用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1. Indira Gandhi is one of the most well-known female ________ (politic) leaders of the 20thcentury.
2. The story of her sufferings was ________ (pain) to listen to.
3. There’s a clear ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )__________ (distinct) between the dialects spoken in the two regions.
4. If you’re _ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_______ (will) to fly at night, you can get a much cheaper ticket.
5. We had a(n) ___________ (argue) with the waiter about the bill.
6. There are ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )so many _____________ (environment) problems in the world today.
7. He gave no ____________ (explain) for what he was doing that evening.
8. My mother doesn’t l ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ike me wearing short skirts to church — she doesn’t think they’re_______(suit).
III. 短语填空
选用方框内合适的短语并用其适当形式填空（每个短语限用一次）。
in favour of, come down to, stand for, stand out, be linked to, as long as, be made up of, keep away from
1. We ___________ equality among all nations, big or small.
2. It _____________ two choices: you can either stay here and obey me, or leave and never return.
3. Everyone in the class voted ___________ the dancing party.
4. The disease can ___________ water pollution in the area.
5. Fred is very tall and _________ in the crowd.
6. The audienc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e at yesterday’s meeting _____________ twelve leaders from some big companies.
7. —Have you got any idea for the summer vacation
—I don’t min ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d where we go ________ there are trees, water and mountains.
8. _______________ the scene of the accident — it’s far too dangerous
IV. 用括号内动词的正确形式填空。
1. ________ (use) the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) right hand to shake hands is a tradition in many countries.
2. There is an old saying that “Seeing is ________ (believe).”
3. Ellen tried to e ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )xplain what had happened but her father kept ____________ (interrupt) her.
4. Under the circ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )umstances, it was impossible to avoid ______________ (affect).
5. Bill suggeste ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d ________ (bring) the meeting to an end, because it was too late.
6. I was so angry that I felt like ________(throw) something at him.
7. Anna enjoyed ________ (take) her sister for walks through the country park.
8. You had better ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) give up ________ (wear) your new suit to work or it will soon look as old as
all your other clothes.
9. Lydia had kept ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )him ________ (wait) twenty minutes on this occasion.
用括号内动词的正确形式完成下面的短文。
A
Americans hav ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e too much stress! 1. ________ (relax) and 2. ________ (enjoy) time with family and friends are recommended (推荐) by doctors. Instead, Americans refuse 3. ________ (follow) this advice. They insist on 4. ______ (fill) their weekends with projects. The average American man can’t avoid trimming (修整) the garden and even 5. ________ (paint) the house. Well, some men admit that they are tired from 6. ________ (do) housework every weekend, but their wives are just as busy. On weekends, women can’t help 7. ________ (shop) for groceries and 8. ________ (clean) the house.
When d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o Americans relax Well, sometimes they try sleeping late on weekends, or they consider 9. _________ (have) a party.I suggest 10. ________ (get) a maid (女佣) and 11. ________ (let) the maid do the cleaning
B
By mixing photogr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )aphs of a place taken from different positions and angles using different lenses (镜头) and video films, a three-dimensional (三维的) visual effect can 1. __________ (create) so the viewer can seem to travel through a place seen on a screen. The intention is 2. ________ (make) the viewer feel like he or she is walking through 3. ______. This has become known 4. ________ a virtual tour.
It has ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )become particularly useful for advertising universities and houses. People who might want to go to 5. _____ certain university or who are looking for a suitable house can now look 6. ________ them without having to actually go there. The tourist industry has also found virtual sightseeing useful for selling holidays 7. ________ the same reasons. Such an approach has also made a(n) 8. ____________ (contribute) to map reading. The three-dimensional effect provides greater details of districts on maps such as those found on Google Earth, for example.
Historians ha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ve also used the method to show 9. ________ ancient ruins may have looked like long ago by creating virtual 10. ________ (history) scenes.
时 间： 星 期：
主 备 人：申亚楠 使用人：
【教学主题】unit 11
【教学目标】
1.To improve the students learning skills
2.To make the students learn some useful words and expressions
3.To learn some important sentences in the text.
【知识梳理】
基本单词
1. __________ n. 电 2. _________ n. 改革, 改良
3. _________ vt. 要求, 请求 4. _____ n. 债务, 欠款
5. _____ n. 主办(国/城市/机构); 主人 vt.主办 6. _____ n. 信仰；信心；信任
7. ___________ vt. 宣布, 宣告 8. ___________ adj. 高兴的，愉快的
9. ___________ vt. 出版，发行 10. ___________ n. 事件，事情
11. ___________ n. 解释, 说明 12. _______ vt. 责怪, 归咎于
13. ______ vt. 雇用 14. ______ adj. 合法的, 与法律有关的
15. _______ vt. & n. 尝试，试图 16. ________ n. 过程，进程
17. ________ n. 利润，收益 18. ________ n. 赞同; 恩惠
19. ______________ n. 鼓励 20. _________ vt. 假装
21. _____________ n. 意见不一；分歧 22. _________ vt. 为…做广告, 登广告
23. _________ vt. 尊敬, 敬重 24. _________ adj. 传统的；经典的
25. _________ adj. 合适的 26. _________ n. 幽默
27. __________ vt. 做出结论; 结束 28. __________ adj. 有害的
29. ___________ n. 保护，防卫 30. media n. _____________
31. political adj. _ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )___________ 32. painful adj. _________________
33. willing adj. _____________ 34. defend vt. ________________
35. argument n. _____________ 36. attitude n. ____________
37. contribution n. ____________ 38. faithfully adv. ______________
39. interrupt vt. & vi. ______________
二，派生单词
1. __________ vt. 解释; 说明 3. ________ adj. 合法的; 与法律有关的
__________ n. 解释; 说明 _________ adv. 合法地
2. __________ vt. 雇佣 _________ n. 合法
____________ n. 雇用; 就业 _________ adj. 非法的
__________ n. 雇主 _________ adv. 非法地
__________ n. 受雇者; 雇员 _________ n. 违法; 非法; 不合法
______________ n. 失业; 失业状态 4. ___________ vt. 鼓励
_____________ adj. 无工作的; 失业的 ______________ n. 鼓励
5. _______ n. 损害; 伤害 ___________ adj. 令人鼓舞的
_______ vt. 损害; 伤害 ___________ adj. 受到鼓舞的
_________ adj. 有害的
_________ adj. 无害的; 安全的
三．短语
1. 是……的意思，代表; 支持 _______ 2. 由……组成; _____________
3. 作为…被纪念 ________________ 4. 详细地; 仔细地 _________
5.阻止某人做某事 ___________________________________
6. 期待; 盼望 ________________ 7. 对……负责________________________
8. 赞同; 支持; 有利于 _______________
9. 因某事被责备 ___________________
10. 在公共场合; 当众; 公然__________ 11. 假装做…… ______________
12. 突出，显眼 __________ 13. 参与; 参加 _________________________
14. 只要 ___________ 15. 使…远离; (使)不接近 ______________
16. 帮助克服困难; 帮忙做事 _________ 17. 反对；抵制 __________
18. 开始做; 着手干; 继续做 _____________
19. 根据某人的观点; 依某人之见 _____________
20. 对…有害 _______________________
21. come down to sth. ___________ 22. risk doing ... ___________
23. be linked ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to/with ... ________ 24. make contributions to ________________
25. over the last d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ecade _____________ ment on __________________
27. crash into _ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )________________ 28. be/get stuck __________________
29. protest about ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )__________________30. have an effect on _________________
四，核心要点
1. demand
【归纳】
vt. “(强烈)要求”, 常用于以下结构：demand to do sth. ；
demand sth. (from sb.)；
demand+ that从句（从句谓语用should+动词原形，should可省略）。
n. 要求; 请求; 需要，常与for连用。 in (great) demand 大量需求
meet the demand (for sth.) 满足 (对某物的)需要demand for ... 对……的需求
【拓展】常见的含demand的短语有：
★by popular demand意为“由于许多人的要求，由于普遍要求”。如：
By popular demand, the play will run for another week.
★in demand意为“需求大”。如：
Our software is in demand all over the world.
★on demand意为“一经要求”。如：
Should you feed your baby on demand, or stick to a timetable
【运用】翻译下列句子。
1. 工人们在要求提高工资。
_______________________________________
2. 他要求将一切都告诉他。
_______________________________________
3. 对改革的要求日益增强。
_______________________________________
2. announce
【归纳】
announce v.，意为：①宣布，宣告（ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )常用搭配：announce sth. to sb.; announce that ...）；②（尤指通过广播）通知。；③声称，宣称（其后常跟that从句）
【拓展】
announcer n. 播音员
announcement ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n. ：①（一项）公告，布告，通告（常与of连用，其后也常跟that引导的同位语从句）；②（指行动）宣布，宣告（常与of连用）。 make an announcement 宣布; 宣告
【运用】根据括号内的汉语提示补全下列句子。
1. Robert
______________________________________ (宣称他已戒烟).
2. They
______________________________________ (在等待竞赛结果的宣布).
3. Amy ________________________________ (向她的家人宣布了她的计划).
3. blame
【归纳】
vt. 责备; 把……归咎于 常见搭配：
blame sb./ sth. for sth.因某事责备某人
blame sth. on sb. / sth. 把某事的责任归咎于
be to blame for sth. 对（坏事）负有责任。
n. 责备; 指责; 责任
常见搭配有：lay / put the blame for (doing) sth. on sb. 把某事归咎于某人；
take / get/ accept the blame for 对……承担责任
【运用】翻译下列句子
1,她没把她父亲的死归罪于任何人。
2其中一台电脑坏了，她把责任归咎于我
3, 哪个司机是此次事故的肇事者？
4, 她偷了钱但是她把责任推给我。
4. pretend
【归纳】
v. 意为“假装”，可接名词、不定式或从句，也可用作不及物动词。
e.g. He pretended not to have heard about it. 他假装没听过这件事。
She pretended to be looking for something.她假装在寻找什么东西。
【运用】根据括号内的汉语提示完成下列句子，每空一词。
1. The man _______ __ __（假装是）a doctor.
2. Peter _________ ___ __ ___（假装没看见）me when I passed the coffee shop.
3. The workers _________ __ __ _______假装正在工作）hard at their machines
when the boss came in.
5. respect vt. 尊敬；尊重 n. 尊敬；尊重
【归纳】
have respect for 尊重……; 尊敬…… show respect for 对……表示尊敬
win one’s respect 赢得某人的敬重
【拓展】
respectable adj. 值得尊敬的 respectful adj. 表示敬意的，尊敬的
【运用】 翻译下列句子。
1. 他尊重他朋友所持的每条见解。(respect vt. )
2. 年轻人应该尊敬老年人。(respect n. )
6. advertise
【归纳】vt. 为……做广告; 登广告说
vi. 为“登广告征求（或找寻）”，常与for连用。
e.g. If you want to sell your books, you must advertise them.
【拓展】
advertiser n. 刊登广告者; 广告商 advertising n. 广告业
advertisement n. (一则)广告
put an advertisement （in a newspaper）（在报纸上）登广告
insert an advertisement 插播广告 an advertising campaign广告宣传活动
【运用】用advertise的适当形式填空。
1. He decided to go and look at some ____________ of jobs.
2. Audience size is not the only factor ________ are interested in.
3. I’m going to ________ for someone to clean my house.
7. contribution
【归纳】n. 捐助；贡献；稿件
make contributes to为……做出贡献; 贡献给
e.g. 1. All ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )contributions for the school magazine must be received by August 1st.
2. The young ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )man has made an important contribution to the company’s success.
【拓展】contribute v. 贡献；捐助；投稿
contribute…to 把……捐献给…… contributor n. 捐献者，投稿人
【运用】翻译下列句子。
1. 公路的修建将有助于当地经济的发展
3. 编辑们对他的稿件评价很高
8. conclude
【归纳】
得出结论，断定
（常见搭配：conclude sth. from sth; conclude from sth. that ... ）
② 达成，缔结（常见搭配：conclude sth. with sb.）
【拓展】conclusion n. 结论，结局 in conclusion 最后; 总之; 综上所述
bring sth. to a conclusion 使结束; 使终止
arrive at /come to a conclusion 得出结论; 结束
draw/reach a conclusion 得出结论
【运用】翻译下列句子
1. He concluded fro ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )m their remarks that they were not in favour of the plan.
2. A trade agreement was concluded between the two countries
9. approach
【归纳】
作不可数名词时，意为“（距离和时间上的）靠近，接近”；作可数名词时，意为“方法，入口，态度”，常与介词to连用作动词时，意为“接近”。如：
She hadn’t heard his approach and jumped as the door opened.
His book represents a new approach to the difficulty.
★approach作动词时，意为“走进，接近”。如：
As you approach the town, you’ll see the college on the left.
10. consideration n.
【归纳】
可意为“仔细考虑，深思，斟酌”。
常见搭配有：be under consideration在考虑中；
take sth. into consideration把某事考虑在内，顾及某事；也可意为“体贴，顾及”，常与介词for连用。如：
There are several plans under consideration.
We will take your ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) recent illness into consideration when marking your exams.
He has never shown much consideration for his wife’s needs.
11. attempt
【归纳】意为“尝试，试图”。作动词时，后 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )常接名词、代词或不定式作宾语；作名词时，可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词，多用作可数名词。常用搭配：attempt to do sth.; attempt at (doing) sth.。
e.g. He attempted the examination but failed.
Shelly attempted to get in touch with various Irish leaders.
五，短语
11. stand for意为：①是……的意思；②忍受，容忍（常用于否定句）；
③主张，支持。
e.g. What does IOC stand for
I can’t stand for his rudeness any longer.
I want to know what Lily stands for before
【运用】 根据汉语意思补全下列句子（每空一词）。
1. 美国国旗代表自由与公正。
The American flag _______ ____ freedom and justice.
2. 我不会容忍被别人当孩子一样对待。
I won’t _____ ___ _____ ______ like a child.
3. 约翰对正确的事情总是支持的。
John always ________ ____ what is right
12. be made up of 由……组成; 由……构成 = consist of 由……组成; 包含有……
e.g. A car is made up of many different parts.
The committee consists of five members.
【运用】用以上短语的适当形式填空。
1. The audience at ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) yesterday’s meeting __________________________ twelve leaders from some big companies.
2. Women ________ 56% of the student numbers in the university.
13. in favor of 赞同; 主张
e.g. He said he was in favour of people working shorter hours.
【拓展】含favour的常用短语：
ask a favour of sb.求人帮一个忙 do a favour for sb.帮某人一个忙
in one’s favour对某人有利
14. stand out
【归纳】①杰出，出色；②突出，显眼；③伸出，凸出；
④坚持，坚持抵抗（常与介词against, for连用）；⑤经受住，顶住。
【运用】根据汉语意思补全下列句子（每空一词）。
1. 我们测试的三辆车比其余的出色。
Three of the cars we tested _____ ___ ______ ___ ____.
2. 我坚决反对他的主意。I am ________ ___ ______ ___ _____.
15. as/so long as 只要; 长达。相当于so long as，引导条件状语从句。
as far as (表示程度或范围) 就/远到……
【运用】把下列句子翻译成英语。
1. 只要不影响学习，干兼职是个好主意。
2. 队伍长达10米。
六．经典句型
1，They realise that it doesn’t matter how attractive the idea linked with the product is — most people know that the main purpose of the advertisement is making customers spend money.
句型：“It doesn’t matter+从句”意为“……没关系；……不重要”。
e.g. It doesn’t matter who won the football match.
2. AIDS is another ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )problem of great concern so sex education and health care administration are extremely important
要点 “of +抽象名词”相当于其对应的形容词
E.g They realize that it is of great value to record and teach them to the younger generation.
七，语法 被动语态
【归纳】
被动语态由“be +及物动词的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )过去分词”构成，be随主语的人称和数的变化而变化，被动语态的时态也通过be表现出来。以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式如下：
一般现在时被动am / is / are done 一般过去时被动 was / were done
一般将来时被动shall / will be done 或am / is / are going to be done
过去将来时被动would be done或was / were going to be done
现在进行时被动am / is / are being done 过去进行时被动 was / were being done
现在完成时被动has / have been done 过去完成时被动 had been done
【拓展】
1. 有些短语动词相当于及物动词，所以这些短语动词也有被动语态。如：
The children are well looked after.
2. 被动语态可含有情态动词，其结构是“情态动词 + be +过去分词”。如：
These stairs are very dangerous. They should be repaired.
3. 一般将来时的被动语态还可用“be + to be done”结构表达。如：
About $20 billion is to be spent on the project
4. 在need, want, require, bear和be worth等后常跟动词-ing形式的主动形式，表示被动意义。如：
The flowers need watering.
This novel is worth reading again.
5. 有些不及物动词（其主语大都指物）可以表示被动意义。这些不及物动词主要有下列几种：
①某些连系动词（smell, taste, sound, feel等）。如：
The food taste ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s nice. That sounds very reasonable.
②某些与can’t, won’t等连用的不及物动词（move, lock, shut, open等）。如：
It can’t move. The door won’t shut.
③某些可与well, easily, sm ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oothly等副词连用的不及物动词（read, write, wash, clean, draw, burn, cook等）。如：
The poem reads smoothly. The cloth washes well.
【运用】用所给动词的正确形式完成下面的短文。
So far, many s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ightings of UFOs or unidentified flying objects (不明飞行物) 1. ________________ (report) by people all over the world. They are most often sighted in remote areas — farms and fields, etc. Generally, UFOs 2. _____________ (describe) as round or saucer (茶碟) like. That is why they have also been named “flying saucers”.
A few years ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ago, a flying saucer 3. _________ (report) by a man in a small town in Georgia. According to the newspaper account, the man 4. _____________ (follow) by the UFO for more than 20 minutes. He said that a strange light 5. ________ (give) off by the UFO. Lights on flying saucers have been reported by others as well. It seems that the lights are a form of communication. Some people said that they 6. ______________ (take) away by force by these lighted ships. Once on board the UFO, they 7. _____________ (examine) with instruments that they had never seen before.
Are these stor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ies fact or fiction No one really knows, but one thing is certain. Flying saucers 8. ________ (be) a popular topic in newspapers and movies for years.
【典型例题】
八．【巩固练习】
I. 根据本单元所学单词及提示写出所缺单词的正确形式。
1. In communication, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) a smile is usually a strong sign of a friendly and open ________ (态度).
2. Eighty percent of h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is CDs are ________ (经典的) English songs, which are good for our English studies.
3. The boy ________ (假装) to have a stomachache so he could watch the football match at home.
4. The boys __________ (试图) to leave for camping but were stopped by their parents.
5. Many children are afraid of being ________ (责备) for making mistakes in speaking English.
6. It was a________ that new speed restrictions would be introduced.
7. It was an unusual ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ly hot summer and air conditioners were in great d________.
8. From his accent, we may c________ that he comes from America.
9. Many people be ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lieve that the ________ (方法) should be used to deal with our present problem.
10. It may be fair ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ly cheap to buy, but you’ve got to take into c___________ the money you’ll spend on repairs.
II. 用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1. Indira Gandhi is one of the most well-known female ________ (politic) leaders of the 20thcentury.
2. The story of her sufferings was ________ (pain) to listen to.
3. There’s a clear ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )__________ (distinct) between the dialects spoken in the two regions.
4. If you’re _ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_______ (will) to fly at night, you can get a much cheaper ticket.
5. We had a(n) ___________ (argue) with the waiter about the bill.
6. There are ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )so many _____________ (environment) problems in the world today.
7. He gave no ____________ (explain) for what he was doing that evening.
8. My mother doesn’t l ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ike me wearing short skirts to church — she doesn’t think they’re_______(suit).
III. 短语填空
选用方框内合适的短语并用其适当形式填空（每个短语限用一次）。
in favour of, come down to, stand for, stand out, be linked to, as long as, be made up of, keep away from
1. We ___________ equality among all nations, big or small.
2. It _____________ two choices: you can either stay here and obey me, or leave and never return.
3. Everyone in the class voted ___________ the dancing party.
4. The disease can ___________ water pollution in the area.
5. Fred is very tall and _________ in the crowd.
6. The audienc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e at yesterday’s meeting _____________ twelve leaders from some big companies.
7. —Have you got any idea for the summer vacation
—I don’t min ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d where we go ________ there are trees, water and mountains.
8. _______________ the scene of the accident — it’s far too dangerous
IV. 用括号内动词的正确形式填空。
1. ________ (use) the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) right hand to shake hands is a tradition in many countries.
2. There is an old saying that “Seeing is ________ (believe).”
3. Ellen tried to e ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )xplain what had happened but her father kept ____________ (interrupt) her.
4. Under the circ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )umstances, it was impossible to avoid ______________ (affect).
5. Bill suggeste ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d ________ (bring) the meeting to an end, because it was too late.
6. I was so angry that I felt like ________(throw) something at him.
7. Anna enjoyed ________ (take) her sister for walks through the country park.
8. You had better ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) give up ________ (wear) your new suit to work or it will soon look as old as
all your other clothes.
9. Lydia had kept ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )him ________ (wait) twenty minutes on this occasion.
用括号内动词的正确形式完成下面的短文。
A
Americans hav ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e too much stress! 1. ________ (relax) and 2. ________ (enjoy) time with family and friends are recommended (推荐) by doctors. Instead, Americans refuse 3. ________ (follow) this advice. They insist on 4. ______ (fill) their weekends with projects. The average American man can’t avoid trimming (修整) the garden and even 5. ________ (paint) the house. Well, some men admit that they are tired from 6. ________ (do) housework every weekend, but their wives are just as busy. On weekends, women can’t help 7. ________ (shop) for groceries and 8. ________ (clean) the house.
When d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o Americans relax Well, sometimes they try sleeping late on weekends, or they consider 9. _________ (have) a party.I suggest 10. ________ (get) a maid (女佣) and 11. ________ (let) the maid do the cleaning
B
By mixing photogr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )aphs of a place taken from different positions and angles using different lenses (镜头) and video films, a three-dimensional (三维的) visual effect can 1. __________ (create) so the viewer can seem to travel through a place seen on a screen. The intention is 2. ________ (make) the viewer feel like he or she is walking through 3. ______. This has become known 4. ________ a virtual tour.
It has ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )become particularly useful for advertising universities and houses. People who might want to go to 5. _____ certain university or who are looking for a suitable house can now look 6. ________ them without having to actually go there. The tourist industry has also found virtual sightseeing useful for selling holidays 7. ________ the same reasons. Such an approach has also made a(n) 8. ____________ (contribute) to map reading. The three-dimensional effect provides greater details of districts on maps such as those found on Google Earth, for example.
Historians ha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ve also used the method to show 9. ________ ancient ruins may have looked like long ago by creating virtual 10. ________ (history) scenes.