2024年中考英语热点话题训练：医疗救助（含解析）
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| 名称 | 2024年中考英语热点话题训练：医疗救助（含解析） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-05-10 19:56:04 | ||
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医疗救助10篇
Passage1（2024·广东东莞·一模）
Cardiac arrest (心脏骤停) happens when the heart suddenly and unexpectedly stops pumping blood. 90% of the people who have a cardiac arrest outside of a hospital die—often within minutes. That is because they do not receive treatment quickly enough to survive. Cardiac arrest is a common cause of death. It causes about 300,000 to 450,000 deaths in the United States each year.
If cardiac arrest happens, rapid treatment with a medical device called automated external defibrillator (AED) can be lifesaving. Many AEDs can be easily seen in public places, including offices, schools, shopping malls, grocery stores, and airports. An AED system includes an AED and its necessary accessories (配件), such as a battery and pad electrodes (片状电极). The AED gives verbal instructions to users, which means it gives voice instructions to tell users how to use it.
This is how an AED works. First, the user turns on the AED and follows the recorded voice instructions. Second, the user puts two electrodes on the chest of the person in cardiac arrest. Third, the electrodes send information about the person’s heart rhythm (心律) to the AED, and then it decides whether an electric shock (电击) is needed. Fourth, if a shock is needed, the AED tells the user when to press a button to give a shock. In some AEDs, the user doesn’t need to press any button. The AEDs will give a shock themself.
1．Why do so many people in cardiac arrest outside a hospital die
A．Because 90% of them lose too much blood. B．Because they can’t get treatment fast enough.
C．Because they don’t know how to use an AED． D．Because no one use an AED to save their lives.
2．Where can we most probably NOT see an AED
A．Schools. B．Airports. C．Taxis. D．Offices.
3．What does the underlined word “verbal” mean
A．Written. B．Easy. C．Difficult. D．Spoken.
4．Who decides whether an electric shock is needed
A．The AED． B．The user. C．A doctor. D．Heart rhythm.
5．Where can you most probably read this article
A．A geography textbook. B．A health website.
C．A science fiction. D．A shopping mall.
Passage2（2024·安徽滁州·一模）
What should we do if one of our classmates suddenly falls ill or gets hurt Here are some steps you should follow. But always remember to look for medical care after first aid if the wound is serious.
Broken bones (骨头): Take away clothing from the wound. Use an ice pack. Don’t move the hurt body part while waiting for the doctor to arrive.
Animal bites (咬伤): Wash the bite area with soap and water. Pack the wound with a clean cloth if it is bleeding. If the bleeding has stopped, cover the area with a bandage and take the person to the hospital. Make sure you remember what kind of animal it is, so the doctor can find the right way to treat him or her at once.
Fainting (昏厥): Have him or her lie with feet lifted a little. Don’t move the body if you think there might be wounds from the fall. Make sure he or she can breathe (呼吸) and let in fresh air. Clean the person’s face with a cool cloth.
Nosebleeds: Have the person sit up with his or her head tilted (倾斜) forward a little. Do not have the person tilt his or her head back because this may cause heavy breathing or coughing. Pinch (捏) the lower part of the nose for at least 10 minutes.
6．What should we do first when an animal bite happens
A．Put an ice pack on the wound.
B．Wash the bite area with soap and water.
C．Try to stop the bleeding with a clean cloth.
D．Take the hurt person to the hospital.
7．When dealing with the problems of _______, we shouldn’t move the hurt person.
A．broken bones and animal bites B．animal bites and nosebleeds
C．broken bones and fainting D．fainting and nosebleeds
8．Which of the following is NOT right when a boy’s nose bleeds
A．Don’t let his head tilt back.
B．Let his head tilt forward a little.
C．Let him sit up
D．Pinch his nose for less than 10 minutes.
9．Which part of a magazine may the text come from
A．Lifestyle. B．Health. C．Sports. D．Education.
Passage3（23-24九年级上·广西崇左·期末）
The Baikal-Amur Mainline (BAM) is a railway line in Russia. It’s about 4,000 kilometres long. A special train, the Matvei Mudrov (MM) travels along it. The train brings basic medical treatment to people living along the railway line. The train took its name from a famous Russian doctor. There are usually between twelve and fifteen doctors on the train. The train stops at places along the line. The people who live in small towns and villages come to the train for medical help. For them, their health centre is on the train because there are no doctors or hospitals in their towns or villages.
The MM visits each town or village twice a year. People like the doctors on the train. They say they are kind and good at their jobs. There is a town called Berkakit and about 4,000 people live there. There are lots of people waiting to see the doctors. Mikhail Zdanovich is one of them. When he was 61 years old, he had a problem with his arm. He got good treatment by the doctor on the train, and he felt much better. He left happily and then he came back a few minutes later. He brought fresh cooked bread and some milk to thank the doctor.
For the people who live in these towns and villages of Russia, the MM is more than a medical train. It’s a bridge between them and the other parts of their country.
根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。
10．What is the MM
A．A special train. B．A medical team. C．A railway line.
11．Where does the train stop
A．At the town. B．At the train station, C．At places along the line.
12．How often does the medical train visit the towns and villages
A．Once a week. B．Once a year. C．Twice a year.
13．Which of the following is TRUE about Mikbail Zdanovich
A．He is a young man.
B．He got treatment on his arm.
C．He got bread and milk from the doctor.
14．Which word can we use to describe the medical train
A．Helpful. B．Fast. C．Funny.
Passage4（23-24九年级上·广东河源·期末）
David Bennett, a 57-year-old man from the US, received the world’s first pig heart transplant (移植) on January 7th, 2022. He died two months later. It may sound like a failure, but it actually is a big step forward for xenotransplantation (异种器官移植).
Xenotransplantation has been a hot topic in medical research for many years. Doctors and scientists look for ways to solve the big problem of organ (器官) transplant waiting lists. In the US alone, over 100,000 patients are on a list waiting for new organs. Many will die before getting their chance to receive a heart, a kidney (肾) or other important organs. As a result, medical science has turned to animal organs.
There have been few successful xenotransplantation cases since the early 20th century. Usually, patients’ bodies reject (排斥) the animal organs. Bennett lived much longer than other xenotransplantation patients. That’s because the scientists removed pig genes (基因) that would cause fast rejection. Then they added human genes to help the body accept the organ.
In fact, Bennett’s case was not the only success. “A lot of new information that doctors got through other organ transplants will come out. The development of this field will benefit from it and move forward at a faster speed.” Muhammad Mohiuddin, director of the transplant program, told The Guardian.
15．How long did David Bennett live after the pig heart transplant
A．9 months. B．3 months. C．2 months. D．1 month.
16．Which of the following is TRUE according to Paragraph 2
A．Doctors stop using animal organs because of David Bennett’s death.
B．Animal organs help solve the problem of organ transplant waiting lists.
C．Compared with human organs, animal organs are easier to get.
D．Many patients died because of the organ transplant.
17．________ may be the main problem of xenotransplantation.
A．The failure of David Bennett’s operation B．The high price of organs
C．The ways of getting organs D．The body’s rejection
18．The underlined word “benefit” in this passage means ________.
A．improve B．exchange C．manage D．steal
19．Why does the writer write the passage
A．To remind us that it’s a waste of time to research xenotransplantation more.
B．To show that it’s worth researching xenotransplantation.
C．To tell us it’s too difficult to carry on xenotransplantation.
D．To warn that it’s harmful to use animal organs.
Passage5（2023·河南南阳·三模）
French doctors and American scientists have reported doing an operation in which the doctor was outside the operating room. This kind of operation is known as robotic operation.
Doctor Marescaux did the operation in an office in New York City last month, while a sixty-eight-year-old woman patient was in a hospital in Strasbourg, France.
A doctor in Strasbourg got the patient ready. He placed medical tools and a small video camera in her stomach area. Doctor Marescaux in New York watched the patient on a video screen. Then he used the computer to send messages to the robot machine. The robot moved the tools that cut the woman’s gallbladder (胆囊) away. The woman got well soon after the operation and left the hospital two days later.
Experts say the main problem with such a robotic operation is based on high-speed telecommunications between the doctor and the robot. Technology must be able to send a doctor’s order to a robot to move the tools quickly.
Experts also say a successful robotic operation will improve an operation. For example, the robot can make much smaller movements than a person can. A robot machine can turn tools in ways that a doctor’s hand cannot.
Doctors say such a robotic operation will make safer and better operations possible in the future. They say it will improve doctor training. It will also mean that doctors could do an operation on people in dangerous places far away. And it could mean that people could have operations done by top doctors without having to travel to the city where doctors work.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
20．Where did Doctor Marescaux did the operation
A．In an operating room in Strasbourg. B．At home in New York City.
C．In an office in New York City. D．In a hospital in Strasbourg, France.
21．The robotic operation was done between ________.
A．American and French doctors B．American and American doctors
C．French and French doctors D．Japanese and Chinese doctors
22．Why could doctor Marescaux do such a robotic operation
A．Because the patient’s illness wasn’t so bad.
B．Because he can make the operation easier and cheaper.
C．Because the doctor in France was Marsescaux’s student.
D．Because messages could be sent fast between the doctor and the robot.
23．According to the text, which of the following is NOT true
A．Robotic operations can save all the patients.
B．Robotic operations is good for doctor training.
C．Robotic operations will make operations safer and better.
D．A successful robotic operation can improve an operation.
24．Where is the text most probably from
A．A tour website. B．A shopping website. C．A health report. D．A medical magazine.
Passage6（2023九年级·全国·专题练习）
In the near future, the doctors who treat our illness might be tiny machines that swim through our bodies. Some movies have played with the idea of making machines the size of a cell (细胞). Today robot technology has
brought the idea closer to the real life. In my laboratory, I’m just trying to build such intelligent, or smart, tiny robots.
Tiny living things, such as bacteria (细菌), have many intelligent actions. If we can make robots copy some of them, it’s very exciting. The way bacteria travel across their environment is unbelievable. At first, they move around without purpose, but when they start sensing food, like an amino acid (氨基酸), they will move gradually in that direction. As an expert making robots, I think it is great to make tiny robots that can do the same thing.
For example, look at something like E. coli (大肠杆菌). It can sense amino acids around it. It can change how it’s moving. It can rebuild or repair itself. In fact, E. coli does all these so well that some researchers are using it as part of their tiny machines. They are making their tiny robots get free rides from E. coli. And E. coli does all the sensing for tiny robots and directs their movements.
We’re already using smaller and smaller medical tools, like catheters (导管) that can travel deep into your brain to treat a blood clot (血块). Next, we will put tiny robots into the body that can travel into even smaller spaces and treat illness at an early time. Imagine a tiny robot that can treat a blood clot deep in your brain that can’t be reached with the catheters we are using today.
We may not actually need something as powerful as artificial intelligence (AI) in these cases. We can still build a very useful tiny robot with a low degree of intelligence. For example, if a tiny robot notices a blood clot, it can slowly move in that direction, and carry medicine directly to that part. It might only have the intelligence of bacteria but could still work.
25．What can we learn about the writer
A．The writer is a middle school teacher. B．The writer is a dentist from a hospital.
C．The writer is an expert making robots. D．The writer is an expert making medicine.
26．What are some researchers doing according to Paragraph 3
A．Using tiny robots to sense E. coli. B．Letting E. coli work for their tiny robots.
C．Changing tiny robots into E. coli’s drivers. D．Telling tiny robots to direct E. coli’s movements.
27．What does the writer think of the catheters today
A．They will be widely used by doctors in the future. B．They are not able to get to tinier areas in the body.
C．They will be smarter than tiny robots in the future. D．They can help doctors take care of patients on time.
28．What’s the last paragraph mainly about
A．AI plays an important role in developing tiny robots.
B．Tiny robots can run fast and treat a blood clot easily.
C．Tiny robots with a low degree of intelligence are still useful.
D．We still need very powerful artificial intelligence to treat illness.
Passage7（2023·福建厦门·二模）
CPR is an important skill because it can save the life of someone whose heart has stopped suddenly. By learning these steps, you can save a life!
1. Shake and shout. 2. Call 120. 3. Check for breathing.
4. Place your hands at the center of their chest. 5. Push hard and fast — about twice per second. 6. If you’ve had training, repeat cycles of 30 chest pushes and 2 rescue breaths.
Continue the cycles until normal breathing returns, or help arrives.
MORE DETAILS YOU SHOULD KNOW
Head tilt(倾斜) Push Depth(深度) Breaths
Adults & Kids Yes 2 hands about 5 cm Full breaths
Infants (birth — age1) No 2 fingers about 4 cm Puffs (间断呼气)
29．The second step of CPR is to ________.
A．shake and shout B．push the chest
C．ask for help D．check for breathing
30．Which is correct when pushing the chest for an adult
A．Push with 2 fingers. B．Push hard and slowly.
C．Push twice per minute. D．Push at the center of chest.
31．What’s the depth of chest pushes for a baby
A．About 1 cm. B．About 2 cm.
C．About 4 cm. D．About 5 cm.
32．Before doctors arrive, you should ________.
A．stop chest pushes B．repeat the cycles
C．tilt the head D．continue training
33．In which section of the newspaper can we read this text
A．Health. B．Fashion.
C．Lifestyle. D．Geography.
Passage8（2024·陕西西安·一模）
The doses (剂量) listed here are used by your doctor and maybe higher than noted on the package insert. While taking this following dose of Acetaminophen (对乙酰氨酚), please ask the doctor guidance before taking other products contain Acetaminophen.
General rule for Acetaminophen dosing is a maximum of 15mg/kg every 4 hours. Do not give more than 5 times a day.
Give stated acetaminophen amount every 4 hours.
Weight 4kg 6kg 8kg 10kg 12kg 14kg 16kg
Dose 60mg 90mg 120mg 150mg 180mg 210mg 240mg
Weight 18kg 20kg 22kg 24kg 26kg 28kg 30kg
Dose 270mg 300mg 330mg 360mg 390mg 420mg 450mg
After 44kg, may use adult dosing with a maximum (最大值) of 1000mg/dose or 4000mg/day for no more than
7 days unless directed by a doctor.
34．What is the text type of this passage
A．Advertisement. B．Instruction. C．Report. D．Novel.
35．Which of the following is TRUE
A．Bob can take the medicine without asking the doctor.
B．Lily took the medicine at 7 a. m, and she can take it at 11:40 a. m.
C．Mike is 22kg, so he can only take Acetaminophen of 240mg.
D．If Jenny’s temperature doesn’t come down, she can take the sixth time in a day.
36．For a child whose weight is 50kg, how many milligrams (毫克) of acetaminophen can he/she take at most for only one dose
A．1200mg. B．750mg. C．1000mg. D．4000mg.
Passage9（23-24九年级上·安徽滁州·期末）
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been passed down for over 2,000 years in China. TCM includes acupuncture (针灸), medicine, exercise such as tai chi and qigong, and other treatments. Today TCM is not only widely used in Asia, but also more popular in America.
In New York City, many patients visit Wu Yiqiao, a TCM master from Zhejiang, Wu has practiced TCM in America for 28 years. Before that, he practiced it in China for 15 years. He has a deep understanding of TCM. “TCM, acupuncture and other TCM treatments are of great help to patients.” Wu said. “They can help reduce the pain without surgery (外科手术).”
TCM is so helpful that some Americans have also chosen to work on it. Frank Griffo has been an acupuncturist in California for about 18 years. In 2015, he graduated from the American College of Traditional Chinese Medicine in San Francisco. He then spent seven years studying the best acupuncture methods.
“There are over 60,000 acupuncturists in America now. Chinese medicine has grown rapidly in recent years,” Griffo said. Before the 1970s, most American people didn’t know acupuncture. But now TCM is playing a bigger role in their life as a safe treatment for a lot of problems that Western medicine has difficulty providing good results or treatment choices for. “Acupuncture has been widely accepted in this country,” Griffo added.
37．What can we learn about TCM
A．Exercise is a part of it. B．It appeared several centuries ago.
C．It’s widely used around the world. D．It uses about 2,000 kinds of medicine.
38．What do Wu Yiqiao and Frank Griffo have in common
A．Both of them live in New York City.
B．Both of them finished college in San Francisco.
C．Both of them have lots of experience in using TCM.
D．Both of them think Western medicine has the same results as TCM.
39．What does the last two paragraphs mainly talk about
A．The best acupuncturist in the USA．
B．The wide spread of TCM in the USA．
C．The development of TCM colleges in America.
D．The differences between TCM and Western medicine.
40．What’s the best title for the passage
A．TCM Is Widely Accepted in the USA B．A Chinese TCM Master in the USA
C．TCM Is Widely Used in Chinese Cities D．An American Learning TCM in China
Passage10（23-24九年级上·重庆九龙坡·期末）
Get a burn and don’t know what to do Here are some tips for you! First, stay calm and turn off the stove (炉灶). This way, it won’t start a fire. Next, check your burn. If it’s bad, go to the hospital at once! If it’s not so bad, cool it under running water until you feel better. Then, put on some burn cream and cover it with a bandage. If it’s OK, you should also cool it with running water and clean it. Then, make sure to keep it clean so it can get better faster.
41．This passage is for someone who has ________.
A．a cold B．a headache C．a dirty hand D．a burn
42．According to the passage, when a person gets a burn, he should ________ first.
A．check his burn B．turn off the stove C．go to the hospital D．put a bandage on it
43．Tracy’s hand gets burned but it’s not so bad. What is the right order for dealing with the burn
A．badc B．bdac C．dabc D．dbac
参考答案：
1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了用于应对心脏骤停的自动体外除颤器。
1．细节理解题。根据“That is because they do not receive treatment quickly enough to survive.”可知，心脏骤停的患者死在医院外面是因为是他们没有得到足够快的治疗。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据“Many AEDs can be easily seen in public places, including offices, schools, shopping malls, grocery stores, and airports.”可知，自动体外除颤器常见于各种公共场所，包括办公室、学校、购物中心、杂货店和机场，但不包括出租车。故选C。
3．词句猜测题。根据“ it gives voice instructions to tell users how to use it”可知，自动体外除颤器会发出语音指令，告诉用户如何使用它，由此可猜测verbal意为“语音的”。故选D。
4．细节理解题。根据“Third, the electrodes send information about the person’s heart rhythm to the AED, and then it decides whether an electric shock is needed.”可知，是否使用电击是由自动体外除颤器决定的。故选A。
5．推理判断题。根据“Cardiac arrest is a common cause of death. It causes about 300,000 to 450,000 deaths in the United States each year.”可知，本文主要介绍了自动体外除颤器对心脏骤停患者的作用，由此可猜测本文能在医疗健康网站上看到。故选B。
6．B 7．C 8．D 9．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了一些常见的突发意外伤害的应对措施。
6．细节理解题。根据“Wash the bite area with soap and water.”可知，被动物咬伤后应该首先用肥皂和水清洗咬伤部位。故选B。
7．细节理解题。根据“Don’t move the hurt body part while waiting for the doctor to arrive.”和“Don’t move the body if you think there might be wounds from the fall.”可知，在处理骨折和晕倒的问题时，我们不应该移动伤处。
故选C。
8．细节理解题。根据“Pinch (捏) the lower part of the nose for at least 10 minutes.”可知，当一个男孩的鼻子流血时，捏住鼻子下部至少10分钟。D选项说法是错误的，不是少于10分钟。故选D。
9．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了一些常见的突发意外伤害的应对措施。应该来自杂志的健康部分。故选B。
10．A 11．C 12．C 13．B 14．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了俄罗斯的一列医疗火车，火车上的医护人员为沿线的村民看病，对于这些村民来说，它不仅仅是一列医疗火车，也是连接他们和国家其他地区的桥梁。
10．细节理解题。根据“A special train, the Matvei Mudrov (MM) travels along it.”可知，MM是一辆特殊的火车，故选A。
11．细节理解题。根据“The train stops at places along the line”可知，火车在沿途的一些地方停靠，故选C。
12．细节理解题。根据“The MM visits each town or village twice a year.”可知，每年访问每个城镇或村庄两次，故选C。
13．细节理解题。根据“When he was 61 years old, he had a problem with his arm. He got good treatment by the doctor on the train, and he felt much better”可知，他的手臂出了问题，在火车上得到了医生的悉心治疗，手臂感觉好多了，故选B。
14．推理判断题。根据“The people who live in small towns and villages come to the train for medical help.”和“For the people who live in these towns and villages of Russia, the MM is more than a medical train. It’s a bridge between them and the other parts of their country.”可知，这列火车可以为沿线的居民提供医疗服务，同时也是保持他们和其他地区联系的一座桥梁，由此说明，这列火车是非常有帮助的。故选A。
15．C 16．B 17．D 18．A 19．B
【导语】本文介绍了异种器官移植的发展。
15．细节理解题。根据第一段“He died two months later on March 9th.”可知，David Bennett在接受异种器官移植手术后活了两个月。故选C。
16．推理判断题。根据第二段“ Doctors and scientists look for ways to solve the big problem of organ (器官 ) transplant waiting lists....As a result, medical science has turned to animal organs.”可知，医生和科学家都在寻找解决器官移植等待名单这个大问题的方法，在这期间，很多人会因为没有获得器官而死亡，故科学家们转向了动物器官，也就是说动物器官有助于解决器官移植等候名单的问题。故选B。
17．推理判断题。根据“That’s because the scientists removed pig genes (基因) that would cause fast rejection. Then they added human genes to help the body accept the organ.”可知，Bennett比其他异种移植患者活得更长是因为科学家们去除了会导致快速排异反应的猪基因，而他们添加了人类基因来帮助身体接受器官。故可推断，器官移植的主要问题是身体的排斥反应。故选D。
18．词句猜测题。根据“A lot of new information that doctors got through other organ transplants will come out...move forward at faster speed”可知，关于异种器官移植的许多新的信息会“有益于”异种器官移植的发展速度，即“提高”器官移植的发展速度。划线单词表示“提高”，与improve同义。故选A。
19．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了异种器官移植的发展，并举了David Bennett接受移植手术后成功存活2个月的例子，证明了这一领域值得发展研究。故选B。
20．C 21．A 22．D 23．A 24．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了机器人手术的实施和对医学的重大意义。
20．细节理解题。根据“Doctor Marescaux did the operation in an office in New York City last month”可知Marescaux医生上个月在纽约的办公室做的手术，故选C。
21．细节理解题。根据“Doctor Marescaux did the operation in an office in New York City last month, while a sixty-eight-year-old woman patient was in a hospital in Strasbourg, France.”和“A doctor in Strasbourg got the patient ready”可知这个机器人手术是在美国和法国的医生之间进行的，故选A。
22．推理判断题。根据“Experts say the main problem with such a robotic operation is based on high-speed telecommunications between the doctor and the robot. Technology must be able to send a doctor’s order to a robot to move the tools quickly.”可知机器人手术必须以快速的通信为基础，所以推断Marescaux能做这个手术是因为信息能在医生和机器人之间快速发送，故选D。
23．细节理解题。根据“They say it will improve doctor training”“Doctors say such a robotic operation will make safer and better operations possible in the future”和“Experts also say a successful robotic operation will improve an operation”可知机器人手术可以完善医生训练，可以使手术更安全更完美，可以完善一个手术，故选A。
24．推理判断题。根据全文可知文章介绍了机器人手术的实施和对医学的重大意义，所以推断文章可能来自一个医学杂志，故选D。
25．C 26．B 27．B 28．C
【导语】本文介绍了微型机器人在医学领域的应用情况。
25．细节理解题。根据“In my laboratory, I’m just trying to build such intelligent, or smart, tiny robots.”以及“As an expert making robots, I think it is great to make tiny robots that can do the same thing.”可知，作者是一名制造机器人的专家，故选C。
26．细节理解题。根据“In fact, E. coli does all these so well that some researchers are using it as part of their tiny machines...And E. coli does all the sensing for tiny robots and directs their movements.”可知，一些研究人员把大肠杆菌作为他们的微型机器的一部分，让他们的微型机器人免费搭乘大肠杆菌，大肠杆菌为微型机器人做所有的传感并指导它们的运动，故选B。
27．推理判断题。根据“We’re already using smaller and smaller medical tools, like catheters (导管) that can travel deep into your brain to treat a blood clot (血块)...can’t be reached with the catheters we are using today”可知，现在医疗界已经在使用越来越小的医疗工具，比如微型机器人，那么随着科技的发展，微型机器人将被医生更加广泛地使用，来到达导管到不了的地方。故选B。
28．段落大意题。根据“We may not actually need something as powerful as artificial intelligence (AI) in these cases...It might only have the intelligence of bacteria but could still work.”可知，本段主要是说智能程度低的微型机器人还是有用的，故选C。
29．C 30．D 31．C 32．B 33．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过表格图片的形式展示了心肺复苏术的操作步骤和注意事项等内容。
29．细节理解题。根据“2. Call 120.”可知，第二步为拨打120。120为急救电话，所以是寻求医生的帮助。故选C。
30．细节理解题。根据“4. Place your hands at the center of their chest.”可知，双手放在胸部中央，选项D表述正确。故选D。
31．细节理解题。根据第二个表格内容“Infants (birth — age1), about 4 cm”可知，从出生到一岁的婴儿，胸部按压深度为4厘米左右。故选C。
32．细节理解题。根据“Continue the cycles until normal breathing returns, or help arrives.”可知，继续循环直到恢复正常呼吸或救援到来，所以在医生到来之前，要一直重复循环。故选B。
33．推理判断题。根据“CPR is an important skill because it can save the life of someone whose heart has stopped suddenly.”可知，心肺复苏术是一项重要的技能，因为它可以挽救心脏骤停人的生命，这个话题是有关生命健康方面的内容，所以推测可以在“健康”版面看到。故选A。
34．B 35．B 36．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了关于对乙酰氨酚的使用说明。
34．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了关于对乙酰氨酚的使用说明。故选B。
35．推理判断题。根据“General rule for Acetaminophen dosing is a maximum of 15mg/kg every 4 hours.”可知对乙酰氨基酚给药的一般规则是每4小时最多15mg/kg，所以如果早上7点吃药，下一次吃药可以在上午11点40。故选B。
36．细节理解题。根据“After 44kg, may use adult dosing with a maximum (最大值) of 1000mg/dose or 4000mg/day for no more than 7 days unless directed by a doctor.”可知如果重于44kg，可使用成人剂量，最大剂量为1000mg/dose。故选C。
37．A 38．C 39．B 40．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了中医在美国的发展及应用情况。
37．细节理解题。根据“TCM includes acupuncture (针灸), medicine, exercise such as tai chi and qigong, and other treatments.”可知，太极、气功等锻炼也属于是中医的一部分。故选A。
38．推理判断题。根据“In New York City, many patients visit Wu Yiqiao, a TCM master from Zhejiang, Wu has practiced TCM in America for 28 years.”和“Frank Griffo has been an acupuncturist in California for about 18 years.”可知，两人都有丰富的中医实践经验。故选C。
39．主旨大意题。根据“TCM is so helpful that some Americans have also chosen to work on it...”，“There are over 60,000 acupuncturists in America now. Chinese medicine has grown rapidly in recent years,”以及通读最后两段可知，最后两段主要介绍了中医在美国的广泛传播。故选B。
40．最佳标题题。根据“Today TCM is not only widely used in Asia, but also more popular in America.”及通读全文后可知，本文主要介绍了中医在美国的发展及应用情况，中医在美国越来越受欢迎，越来越受到美国人们的认可。故文章应以选项A“中医在美国被广泛接受”为标题最合适。故选A。
41．D 42．B 43．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了烧伤时的处理办法。
41．推理判断题。根据“Get a burn and don’t know what to do ”可知，这篇文章是写给被烧伤的人。故选D。
42．细节理解题。根据“First, stay calm and turn off the stove (炉灶).”可知，当一个人被烧伤时，首先需要保持冷静并关掉炉灶。故选B。
43．细节理解题。根据“If it’s not so bad, cool it under running water until you feel better. Then, put on some burn cream and cover it with a bandage.”可知,如果烧伤不是很严重，首先用凉水冲洗，然后涂上烫伤膏，再用绷带包扎起来。因此顺序应是dbac。故选D。
Passage1（2024·广东东莞·一模）
Cardiac arrest (心脏骤停) happens when the heart suddenly and unexpectedly stops pumping blood. 90% of the people who have a cardiac arrest outside of a hospital die—often within minutes. That is because they do not receive treatment quickly enough to survive. Cardiac arrest is a common cause of death. It causes about 300,000 to 450,000 deaths in the United States each year.
If cardiac arrest happens, rapid treatment with a medical device called automated external defibrillator (AED) can be lifesaving. Many AEDs can be easily seen in public places, including offices, schools, shopping malls, grocery stores, and airports. An AED system includes an AED and its necessary accessories (配件), such as a battery and pad electrodes (片状电极). The AED gives verbal instructions to users, which means it gives voice instructions to tell users how to use it.
This is how an AED works. First, the user turns on the AED and follows the recorded voice instructions. Second, the user puts two electrodes on the chest of the person in cardiac arrest. Third, the electrodes send information about the person’s heart rhythm (心律) to the AED, and then it decides whether an electric shock (电击) is needed. Fourth, if a shock is needed, the AED tells the user when to press a button to give a shock. In some AEDs, the user doesn’t need to press any button. The AEDs will give a shock themself.
1．Why do so many people in cardiac arrest outside a hospital die
A．Because 90% of them lose too much blood. B．Because they can’t get treatment fast enough.
C．Because they don’t know how to use an AED． D．Because no one use an AED to save their lives.
2．Where can we most probably NOT see an AED
A．Schools. B．Airports. C．Taxis. D．Offices.
3．What does the underlined word “verbal” mean
A．Written. B．Easy. C．Difficult. D．Spoken.
4．Who decides whether an electric shock is needed
A．The AED． B．The user. C．A doctor. D．Heart rhythm.
5．Where can you most probably read this article
A．A geography textbook. B．A health website.
C．A science fiction. D．A shopping mall.
Passage2（2024·安徽滁州·一模）
What should we do if one of our classmates suddenly falls ill or gets hurt Here are some steps you should follow. But always remember to look for medical care after first aid if the wound is serious.
Broken bones (骨头): Take away clothing from the wound. Use an ice pack. Don’t move the hurt body part while waiting for the doctor to arrive.
Animal bites (咬伤): Wash the bite area with soap and water. Pack the wound with a clean cloth if it is bleeding. If the bleeding has stopped, cover the area with a bandage and take the person to the hospital. Make sure you remember what kind of animal it is, so the doctor can find the right way to treat him or her at once.
Fainting (昏厥): Have him or her lie with feet lifted a little. Don’t move the body if you think there might be wounds from the fall. Make sure he or she can breathe (呼吸) and let in fresh air. Clean the person’s face with a cool cloth.
Nosebleeds: Have the person sit up with his or her head tilted (倾斜) forward a little. Do not have the person tilt his or her head back because this may cause heavy breathing or coughing. Pinch (捏) the lower part of the nose for at least 10 minutes.
6．What should we do first when an animal bite happens
A．Put an ice pack on the wound.
B．Wash the bite area with soap and water.
C．Try to stop the bleeding with a clean cloth.
D．Take the hurt person to the hospital.
7．When dealing with the problems of _______, we shouldn’t move the hurt person.
A．broken bones and animal bites B．animal bites and nosebleeds
C．broken bones and fainting D．fainting and nosebleeds
8．Which of the following is NOT right when a boy’s nose bleeds
A．Don’t let his head tilt back.
B．Let his head tilt forward a little.
C．Let him sit up
D．Pinch his nose for less than 10 minutes.
9．Which part of a magazine may the text come from
A．Lifestyle. B．Health. C．Sports. D．Education.
Passage3（23-24九年级上·广西崇左·期末）
The Baikal-Amur Mainline (BAM) is a railway line in Russia. It’s about 4,000 kilometres long. A special train, the Matvei Mudrov (MM) travels along it. The train brings basic medical treatment to people living along the railway line. The train took its name from a famous Russian doctor. There are usually between twelve and fifteen doctors on the train. The train stops at places along the line. The people who live in small towns and villages come to the train for medical help. For them, their health centre is on the train because there are no doctors or hospitals in their towns or villages.
The MM visits each town or village twice a year. People like the doctors on the train. They say they are kind and good at their jobs. There is a town called Berkakit and about 4,000 people live there. There are lots of people waiting to see the doctors. Mikhail Zdanovich is one of them. When he was 61 years old, he had a problem with his arm. He got good treatment by the doctor on the train, and he felt much better. He left happily and then he came back a few minutes later. He brought fresh cooked bread and some milk to thank the doctor.
For the people who live in these towns and villages of Russia, the MM is more than a medical train. It’s a bridge between them and the other parts of their country.
根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。
10．What is the MM
A．A special train. B．A medical team. C．A railway line.
11．Where does the train stop
A．At the town. B．At the train station, C．At places along the line.
12．How often does the medical train visit the towns and villages
A．Once a week. B．Once a year. C．Twice a year.
13．Which of the following is TRUE about Mikbail Zdanovich
A．He is a young man.
B．He got treatment on his arm.
C．He got bread and milk from the doctor.
14．Which word can we use to describe the medical train
A．Helpful. B．Fast. C．Funny.
Passage4（23-24九年级上·广东河源·期末）
David Bennett, a 57-year-old man from the US, received the world’s first pig heart transplant (移植) on January 7th, 2022. He died two months later. It may sound like a failure, but it actually is a big step forward for xenotransplantation (异种器官移植).
Xenotransplantation has been a hot topic in medical research for many years. Doctors and scientists look for ways to solve the big problem of organ (器官) transplant waiting lists. In the US alone, over 100,000 patients are on a list waiting for new organs. Many will die before getting their chance to receive a heart, a kidney (肾) or other important organs. As a result, medical science has turned to animal organs.
There have been few successful xenotransplantation cases since the early 20th century. Usually, patients’ bodies reject (排斥) the animal organs. Bennett lived much longer than other xenotransplantation patients. That’s because the scientists removed pig genes (基因) that would cause fast rejection. Then they added human genes to help the body accept the organ.
In fact, Bennett’s case was not the only success. “A lot of new information that doctors got through other organ transplants will come out. The development of this field will benefit from it and move forward at a faster speed.” Muhammad Mohiuddin, director of the transplant program, told The Guardian.
15．How long did David Bennett live after the pig heart transplant
A．9 months. B．3 months. C．2 months. D．1 month.
16．Which of the following is TRUE according to Paragraph 2
A．Doctors stop using animal organs because of David Bennett’s death.
B．Animal organs help solve the problem of organ transplant waiting lists.
C．Compared with human organs, animal organs are easier to get.
D．Many patients died because of the organ transplant.
17．________ may be the main problem of xenotransplantation.
A．The failure of David Bennett’s operation B．The high price of organs
C．The ways of getting organs D．The body’s rejection
18．The underlined word “benefit” in this passage means ________.
A．improve B．exchange C．manage D．steal
19．Why does the writer write the passage
A．To remind us that it’s a waste of time to research xenotransplantation more.
B．To show that it’s worth researching xenotransplantation.
C．To tell us it’s too difficult to carry on xenotransplantation.
D．To warn that it’s harmful to use animal organs.
Passage5（2023·河南南阳·三模）
French doctors and American scientists have reported doing an operation in which the doctor was outside the operating room. This kind of operation is known as robotic operation.
Doctor Marescaux did the operation in an office in New York City last month, while a sixty-eight-year-old woman patient was in a hospital in Strasbourg, France.
A doctor in Strasbourg got the patient ready. He placed medical tools and a small video camera in her stomach area. Doctor Marescaux in New York watched the patient on a video screen. Then he used the computer to send messages to the robot machine. The robot moved the tools that cut the woman’s gallbladder (胆囊) away. The woman got well soon after the operation and left the hospital two days later.
Experts say the main problem with such a robotic operation is based on high-speed telecommunications between the doctor and the robot. Technology must be able to send a doctor’s order to a robot to move the tools quickly.
Experts also say a successful robotic operation will improve an operation. For example, the robot can make much smaller movements than a person can. A robot machine can turn tools in ways that a doctor’s hand cannot.
Doctors say such a robotic operation will make safer and better operations possible in the future. They say it will improve doctor training. It will also mean that doctors could do an operation on people in dangerous places far away. And it could mean that people could have operations done by top doctors without having to travel to the city where doctors work.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
20．Where did Doctor Marescaux did the operation
A．In an operating room in Strasbourg. B．At home in New York City.
C．In an office in New York City. D．In a hospital in Strasbourg, France.
21．The robotic operation was done between ________.
A．American and French doctors B．American and American doctors
C．French and French doctors D．Japanese and Chinese doctors
22．Why could doctor Marescaux do such a robotic operation
A．Because the patient’s illness wasn’t so bad.
B．Because he can make the operation easier and cheaper.
C．Because the doctor in France was Marsescaux’s student.
D．Because messages could be sent fast between the doctor and the robot.
23．According to the text, which of the following is NOT true
A．Robotic operations can save all the patients.
B．Robotic operations is good for doctor training.
C．Robotic operations will make operations safer and better.
D．A successful robotic operation can improve an operation.
24．Where is the text most probably from
A．A tour website. B．A shopping website. C．A health report. D．A medical magazine.
Passage6（2023九年级·全国·专题练习）
In the near future, the doctors who treat our illness might be tiny machines that swim through our bodies. Some movies have played with the idea of making machines the size of a cell (细胞). Today robot technology has
brought the idea closer to the real life. In my laboratory, I’m just trying to build such intelligent, or smart, tiny robots.
Tiny living things, such as bacteria (细菌), have many intelligent actions. If we can make robots copy some of them, it’s very exciting. The way bacteria travel across their environment is unbelievable. At first, they move around without purpose, but when they start sensing food, like an amino acid (氨基酸), they will move gradually in that direction. As an expert making robots, I think it is great to make tiny robots that can do the same thing.
For example, look at something like E. coli (大肠杆菌). It can sense amino acids around it. It can change how it’s moving. It can rebuild or repair itself. In fact, E. coli does all these so well that some researchers are using it as part of their tiny machines. They are making their tiny robots get free rides from E. coli. And E. coli does all the sensing for tiny robots and directs their movements.
We’re already using smaller and smaller medical tools, like catheters (导管) that can travel deep into your brain to treat a blood clot (血块). Next, we will put tiny robots into the body that can travel into even smaller spaces and treat illness at an early time. Imagine a tiny robot that can treat a blood clot deep in your brain that can’t be reached with the catheters we are using today.
We may not actually need something as powerful as artificial intelligence (AI) in these cases. We can still build a very useful tiny robot with a low degree of intelligence. For example, if a tiny robot notices a blood clot, it can slowly move in that direction, and carry medicine directly to that part. It might only have the intelligence of bacteria but could still work.
25．What can we learn about the writer
A．The writer is a middle school teacher. B．The writer is a dentist from a hospital.
C．The writer is an expert making robots. D．The writer is an expert making medicine.
26．What are some researchers doing according to Paragraph 3
A．Using tiny robots to sense E. coli. B．Letting E. coli work for their tiny robots.
C．Changing tiny robots into E. coli’s drivers. D．Telling tiny robots to direct E. coli’s movements.
27．What does the writer think of the catheters today
A．They will be widely used by doctors in the future. B．They are not able to get to tinier areas in the body.
C．They will be smarter than tiny robots in the future. D．They can help doctors take care of patients on time.
28．What’s the last paragraph mainly about
A．AI plays an important role in developing tiny robots.
B．Tiny robots can run fast and treat a blood clot easily.
C．Tiny robots with a low degree of intelligence are still useful.
D．We still need very powerful artificial intelligence to treat illness.
Passage7（2023·福建厦门·二模）
CPR is an important skill because it can save the life of someone whose heart has stopped suddenly. By learning these steps, you can save a life!
1. Shake and shout. 2. Call 120. 3. Check for breathing.
4. Place your hands at the center of their chest. 5. Push hard and fast — about twice per second. 6. If you’ve had training, repeat cycles of 30 chest pushes and 2 rescue breaths.
Continue the cycles until normal breathing returns, or help arrives.
MORE DETAILS YOU SHOULD KNOW
Head tilt(倾斜) Push Depth(深度) Breaths
Adults & Kids Yes 2 hands about 5 cm Full breaths
Infants (birth — age1) No 2 fingers about 4 cm Puffs (间断呼气)
29．The second step of CPR is to ________.
A．shake and shout B．push the chest
C．ask for help D．check for breathing
30．Which is correct when pushing the chest for an adult
A．Push with 2 fingers. B．Push hard and slowly.
C．Push twice per minute. D．Push at the center of chest.
31．What’s the depth of chest pushes for a baby
A．About 1 cm. B．About 2 cm.
C．About 4 cm. D．About 5 cm.
32．Before doctors arrive, you should ________.
A．stop chest pushes B．repeat the cycles
C．tilt the head D．continue training
33．In which section of the newspaper can we read this text
A．Health. B．Fashion.
C．Lifestyle. D．Geography.
Passage8（2024·陕西西安·一模）
The doses (剂量) listed here are used by your doctor and maybe higher than noted on the package insert. While taking this following dose of Acetaminophen (对乙酰氨酚), please ask the doctor guidance before taking other products contain Acetaminophen.
General rule for Acetaminophen dosing is a maximum of 15mg/kg every 4 hours. Do not give more than 5 times a day.
Give stated acetaminophen amount every 4 hours.
Weight 4kg 6kg 8kg 10kg 12kg 14kg 16kg
Dose 60mg 90mg 120mg 150mg 180mg 210mg 240mg
Weight 18kg 20kg 22kg 24kg 26kg 28kg 30kg
Dose 270mg 300mg 330mg 360mg 390mg 420mg 450mg
After 44kg, may use adult dosing with a maximum (最大值) of 1000mg/dose or 4000mg/day for no more than
7 days unless directed by a doctor.
34．What is the text type of this passage
A．Advertisement. B．Instruction. C．Report. D．Novel.
35．Which of the following is TRUE
A．Bob can take the medicine without asking the doctor.
B．Lily took the medicine at 7 a. m, and she can take it at 11:40 a. m.
C．Mike is 22kg, so he can only take Acetaminophen of 240mg.
D．If Jenny’s temperature doesn’t come down, she can take the sixth time in a day.
36．For a child whose weight is 50kg, how many milligrams (毫克) of acetaminophen can he/she take at most for only one dose
A．1200mg. B．750mg. C．1000mg. D．4000mg.
Passage9（23-24九年级上·安徽滁州·期末）
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been passed down for over 2,000 years in China. TCM includes acupuncture (针灸), medicine, exercise such as tai chi and qigong, and other treatments. Today TCM is not only widely used in Asia, but also more popular in America.
In New York City, many patients visit Wu Yiqiao, a TCM master from Zhejiang, Wu has practiced TCM in America for 28 years. Before that, he practiced it in China for 15 years. He has a deep understanding of TCM. “TCM, acupuncture and other TCM treatments are of great help to patients.” Wu said. “They can help reduce the pain without surgery (外科手术).”
TCM is so helpful that some Americans have also chosen to work on it. Frank Griffo has been an acupuncturist in California for about 18 years. In 2015, he graduated from the American College of Traditional Chinese Medicine in San Francisco. He then spent seven years studying the best acupuncture methods.
“There are over 60,000 acupuncturists in America now. Chinese medicine has grown rapidly in recent years,” Griffo said. Before the 1970s, most American people didn’t know acupuncture. But now TCM is playing a bigger role in their life as a safe treatment for a lot of problems that Western medicine has difficulty providing good results or treatment choices for. “Acupuncture has been widely accepted in this country,” Griffo added.
37．What can we learn about TCM
A．Exercise is a part of it. B．It appeared several centuries ago.
C．It’s widely used around the world. D．It uses about 2,000 kinds of medicine.
38．What do Wu Yiqiao and Frank Griffo have in common
A．Both of them live in New York City.
B．Both of them finished college in San Francisco.
C．Both of them have lots of experience in using TCM.
D．Both of them think Western medicine has the same results as TCM.
39．What does the last two paragraphs mainly talk about
A．The best acupuncturist in the USA．
B．The wide spread of TCM in the USA．
C．The development of TCM colleges in America.
D．The differences between TCM and Western medicine.
40．What’s the best title for the passage
A．TCM Is Widely Accepted in the USA B．A Chinese TCM Master in the USA
C．TCM Is Widely Used in Chinese Cities D．An American Learning TCM in China
Passage10（23-24九年级上·重庆九龙坡·期末）
Get a burn and don’t know what to do Here are some tips for you! First, stay calm and turn off the stove (炉灶). This way, it won’t start a fire. Next, check your burn. If it’s bad, go to the hospital at once! If it’s not so bad, cool it under running water until you feel better. Then, put on some burn cream and cover it with a bandage. If it’s OK, you should also cool it with running water and clean it. Then, make sure to keep it clean so it can get better faster.
41．This passage is for someone who has ________.
A．a cold B．a headache C．a dirty hand D．a burn
42．According to the passage, when a person gets a burn, he should ________ first.
A．check his burn B．turn off the stove C．go to the hospital D．put a bandage on it
43．Tracy’s hand gets burned but it’s not so bad. What is the right order for dealing with the burn
A．badc B．bdac C．dabc D．dbac
参考答案：
1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了用于应对心脏骤停的自动体外除颤器。
1．细节理解题。根据“That is because they do not receive treatment quickly enough to survive.”可知，心脏骤停的患者死在医院外面是因为是他们没有得到足够快的治疗。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据“Many AEDs can be easily seen in public places, including offices, schools, shopping malls, grocery stores, and airports.”可知，自动体外除颤器常见于各种公共场所，包括办公室、学校、购物中心、杂货店和机场，但不包括出租车。故选C。
3．词句猜测题。根据“ it gives voice instructions to tell users how to use it”可知，自动体外除颤器会发出语音指令，告诉用户如何使用它，由此可猜测verbal意为“语音的”。故选D。
4．细节理解题。根据“Third, the electrodes send information about the person’s heart rhythm to the AED, and then it decides whether an electric shock is needed.”可知，是否使用电击是由自动体外除颤器决定的。故选A。
5．推理判断题。根据“Cardiac arrest is a common cause of death. It causes about 300,000 to 450,000 deaths in the United States each year.”可知，本文主要介绍了自动体外除颤器对心脏骤停患者的作用，由此可猜测本文能在医疗健康网站上看到。故选B。
6．B 7．C 8．D 9．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了一些常见的突发意外伤害的应对措施。
6．细节理解题。根据“Wash the bite area with soap and water.”可知，被动物咬伤后应该首先用肥皂和水清洗咬伤部位。故选B。
7．细节理解题。根据“Don’t move the hurt body part while waiting for the doctor to arrive.”和“Don’t move the body if you think there might be wounds from the fall.”可知，在处理骨折和晕倒的问题时，我们不应该移动伤处。
故选C。
8．细节理解题。根据“Pinch (捏) the lower part of the nose for at least 10 minutes.”可知，当一个男孩的鼻子流血时，捏住鼻子下部至少10分钟。D选项说法是错误的，不是少于10分钟。故选D。
9．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了一些常见的突发意外伤害的应对措施。应该来自杂志的健康部分。故选B。
10．A 11．C 12．C 13．B 14．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了俄罗斯的一列医疗火车，火车上的医护人员为沿线的村民看病，对于这些村民来说，它不仅仅是一列医疗火车，也是连接他们和国家其他地区的桥梁。
10．细节理解题。根据“A special train, the Matvei Mudrov (MM) travels along it.”可知，MM是一辆特殊的火车，故选A。
11．细节理解题。根据“The train stops at places along the line”可知，火车在沿途的一些地方停靠，故选C。
12．细节理解题。根据“The MM visits each town or village twice a year.”可知，每年访问每个城镇或村庄两次，故选C。
13．细节理解题。根据“When he was 61 years old, he had a problem with his arm. He got good treatment by the doctor on the train, and he felt much better”可知，他的手臂出了问题，在火车上得到了医生的悉心治疗，手臂感觉好多了，故选B。
14．推理判断题。根据“The people who live in small towns and villages come to the train for medical help.”和“For the people who live in these towns and villages of Russia, the MM is more than a medical train. It’s a bridge between them and the other parts of their country.”可知，这列火车可以为沿线的居民提供医疗服务，同时也是保持他们和其他地区联系的一座桥梁，由此说明，这列火车是非常有帮助的。故选A。
15．C 16．B 17．D 18．A 19．B
【导语】本文介绍了异种器官移植的发展。
15．细节理解题。根据第一段“He died two months later on March 9th.”可知，David Bennett在接受异种器官移植手术后活了两个月。故选C。
16．推理判断题。根据第二段“ Doctors and scientists look for ways to solve the big problem of organ (器官 ) transplant waiting lists....As a result, medical science has turned to animal organs.”可知，医生和科学家都在寻找解决器官移植等待名单这个大问题的方法，在这期间，很多人会因为没有获得器官而死亡，故科学家们转向了动物器官，也就是说动物器官有助于解决器官移植等候名单的问题。故选B。
17．推理判断题。根据“That’s because the scientists removed pig genes (基因) that would cause fast rejection. Then they added human genes to help the body accept the organ.”可知，Bennett比其他异种移植患者活得更长是因为科学家们去除了会导致快速排异反应的猪基因，而他们添加了人类基因来帮助身体接受器官。故可推断，器官移植的主要问题是身体的排斥反应。故选D。
18．词句猜测题。根据“A lot of new information that doctors got through other organ transplants will come out...move forward at faster speed”可知，关于异种器官移植的许多新的信息会“有益于”异种器官移植的发展速度，即“提高”器官移植的发展速度。划线单词表示“提高”，与improve同义。故选A。
19．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了异种器官移植的发展，并举了David Bennett接受移植手术后成功存活2个月的例子，证明了这一领域值得发展研究。故选B。
20．C 21．A 22．D 23．A 24．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了机器人手术的实施和对医学的重大意义。
20．细节理解题。根据“Doctor Marescaux did the operation in an office in New York City last month”可知Marescaux医生上个月在纽约的办公室做的手术，故选C。
21．细节理解题。根据“Doctor Marescaux did the operation in an office in New York City last month, while a sixty-eight-year-old woman patient was in a hospital in Strasbourg, France.”和“A doctor in Strasbourg got the patient ready”可知这个机器人手术是在美国和法国的医生之间进行的，故选A。
22．推理判断题。根据“Experts say the main problem with such a robotic operation is based on high-speed telecommunications between the doctor and the robot. Technology must be able to send a doctor’s order to a robot to move the tools quickly.”可知机器人手术必须以快速的通信为基础，所以推断Marescaux能做这个手术是因为信息能在医生和机器人之间快速发送，故选D。
23．细节理解题。根据“They say it will improve doctor training”“Doctors say such a robotic operation will make safer and better operations possible in the future”和“Experts also say a successful robotic operation will improve an operation”可知机器人手术可以完善医生训练，可以使手术更安全更完美，可以完善一个手术，故选A。
24．推理判断题。根据全文可知文章介绍了机器人手术的实施和对医学的重大意义，所以推断文章可能来自一个医学杂志，故选D。
25．C 26．B 27．B 28．C
【导语】本文介绍了微型机器人在医学领域的应用情况。
25．细节理解题。根据“In my laboratory, I’m just trying to build such intelligent, or smart, tiny robots.”以及“As an expert making robots, I think it is great to make tiny robots that can do the same thing.”可知，作者是一名制造机器人的专家，故选C。
26．细节理解题。根据“In fact, E. coli does all these so well that some researchers are using it as part of their tiny machines...And E. coli does all the sensing for tiny robots and directs their movements.”可知，一些研究人员把大肠杆菌作为他们的微型机器的一部分，让他们的微型机器人免费搭乘大肠杆菌，大肠杆菌为微型机器人做所有的传感并指导它们的运动，故选B。
27．推理判断题。根据“We’re already using smaller and smaller medical tools, like catheters (导管) that can travel deep into your brain to treat a blood clot (血块)...can’t be reached with the catheters we are using today”可知，现在医疗界已经在使用越来越小的医疗工具，比如微型机器人，那么随着科技的发展，微型机器人将被医生更加广泛地使用，来到达导管到不了的地方。故选B。
28．段落大意题。根据“We may not actually need something as powerful as artificial intelligence (AI) in these cases...It might only have the intelligence of bacteria but could still work.”可知，本段主要是说智能程度低的微型机器人还是有用的，故选C。
29．C 30．D 31．C 32．B 33．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过表格图片的形式展示了心肺复苏术的操作步骤和注意事项等内容。
29．细节理解题。根据“2. Call 120.”可知，第二步为拨打120。120为急救电话，所以是寻求医生的帮助。故选C。
30．细节理解题。根据“4. Place your hands at the center of their chest.”可知，双手放在胸部中央，选项D表述正确。故选D。
31．细节理解题。根据第二个表格内容“Infants (birth — age1), about 4 cm”可知，从出生到一岁的婴儿，胸部按压深度为4厘米左右。故选C。
32．细节理解题。根据“Continue the cycles until normal breathing returns, or help arrives.”可知，继续循环直到恢复正常呼吸或救援到来，所以在医生到来之前，要一直重复循环。故选B。
33．推理判断题。根据“CPR is an important skill because it can save the life of someone whose heart has stopped suddenly.”可知，心肺复苏术是一项重要的技能，因为它可以挽救心脏骤停人的生命，这个话题是有关生命健康方面的内容，所以推测可以在“健康”版面看到。故选A。
34．B 35．B 36．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了关于对乙酰氨酚的使用说明。
34．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了关于对乙酰氨酚的使用说明。故选B。
35．推理判断题。根据“General rule for Acetaminophen dosing is a maximum of 15mg/kg every 4 hours.”可知对乙酰氨基酚给药的一般规则是每4小时最多15mg/kg，所以如果早上7点吃药，下一次吃药可以在上午11点40。故选B。
36．细节理解题。根据“After 44kg, may use adult dosing with a maximum (最大值) of 1000mg/dose or 4000mg/day for no more than 7 days unless directed by a doctor.”可知如果重于44kg，可使用成人剂量，最大剂量为1000mg/dose。故选C。
37．A 38．C 39．B 40．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了中医在美国的发展及应用情况。
37．细节理解题。根据“TCM includes acupuncture (针灸), medicine, exercise such as tai chi and qigong, and other treatments.”可知，太极、气功等锻炼也属于是中医的一部分。故选A。
38．推理判断题。根据“In New York City, many patients visit Wu Yiqiao, a TCM master from Zhejiang, Wu has practiced TCM in America for 28 years.”和“Frank Griffo has been an acupuncturist in California for about 18 years.”可知，两人都有丰富的中医实践经验。故选C。
39．主旨大意题。根据“TCM is so helpful that some Americans have also chosen to work on it...”，“There are over 60,000 acupuncturists in America now. Chinese medicine has grown rapidly in recent years,”以及通读最后两段可知，最后两段主要介绍了中医在美国的广泛传播。故选B。
40．最佳标题题。根据“Today TCM is not only widely used in Asia, but also more popular in America.”及通读全文后可知，本文主要介绍了中医在美国的发展及应用情况，中医在美国越来越受欢迎，越来越受到美国人们的认可。故文章应以选项A“中医在美国被广泛接受”为标题最合适。故选A。
41．D 42．B 43．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了烧伤时的处理办法。
41．推理判断题。根据“Get a burn and don’t know what to do ”可知，这篇文章是写给被烧伤的人。故选D。
42．细节理解题。根据“First, stay calm and turn off the stove (炉灶).”可知，当一个人被烧伤时，首先需要保持冷静并关掉炉灶。故选B。
43．细节理解题。根据“If it’s not so bad, cool it under running water until you feel better. Then, put on some burn cream and cover it with a bandage.”可知,如果烧伤不是很严重，首先用凉水冲洗，然后涂上烫伤膏，再用绷带包扎起来。因此顺序应是dbac。故选D。