2023-2024学年牛津深圳版八年级英语下册Module 4 Unit 7 The unknown world 单元话题语法填空练习（含解析）

Unit 7 The unknown world
单元话题语法填空练习
（22-23八年级下·广东深圳·期中）
“I feel great!” said Wang Yaping when she came out of the Tiangong space station, waving back to Earth.
1 Nov 7, the 41-year-old made history. She became China’s 2 (one) female space walker! Wang, together with astronaut Zhai Zhigang, completed 3 6.5-hour space walk. They adjusted the station’s robotic arm. They also tested the safety of their spacesuits and these spacesuits 4 (make) by China.
Wang’s space dream started in 2003. In that year, China sent Yang Liwei, who was the first astronaut in the history of China, into space. 5 (achieve) her dream, she pushed herself hard and got the same training as men.
Since 1984, only 16 women (including Wang) around the world 6 (do) spacewalks, according to Global Times. But women spacewalkers are very important to space exploration.
If we don’t let women take part in this, 7 (us) efforts would be not complete. Wang said that as astronauts, women have their own 8 (advantage). Women are more patient and can better deal with loneliness. Women’s hearts are also easier to get used to the weightless environment, 9 it is much easier for them to stay longer in space. It is very important to study how female bodies adjust to the space environment. That’s 10 Wang’s spacewalk is meaningful.
（21-22八年级上·广东深圳·期中）阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
Many people dream of traveling into space, but it costs too much 11 (make) that dream come true. 12 (luck), here is a chance for people who love exploring space. An unusual new reality TV show(真人秀)
called Space Hero is coming.
Space Hero will be the world’s 13 (one) reality show in space. It will send 14 lucky traveller into the space station and let him or her stay there 15 ten days. The show is open to anyone that is 16 (old) than 18. Twelve men and twelve women will be picked. And then they will take part in hard space training for the final trip, 17 fitness is very important for the would-be traveler. Challenges and 18 (activity) will help find the winner. People from all over the world will first watch the show and finally pick 19 (they) favourite person through the Internet. The creators of Space Hero hope the show 20 (encourage) interest in space travel.
（2024八年级上·福建·专题练习）What will life be like in 100 years Some people believe that humans could live on the planet Mars by the year 2100. The Earth will be crowded and there will be more 21 (pollute) then. It is hoped that people could build a 22 (good) world on Mars. Here 23 (be) what life there could be like in the future.
Humans can’t live without water, air or food. So far, nobody 24 (know) whether there would be enough water or air on Mars for people. Moreover, scientists are not sure whether 25 (plant) could grow on Mars. Food would most possibly be in 26 form of pills (药片) and would not be so tasty.
Compared 27 life on the earth, life on Mars would be better in some ways. People would have more space. They might live in houses with huge comfortable rooms. Also, robots would do a lot of 28 (they) work so that they could have more time to relax. There would 29 (probable) be no schools on Mars. Every student would study at online schools with “e-teachers”.
Life on Mars would be interesting 30 challenging. However, it takes time. So the most important thing we need to do now is to protect our planet—the Earth!
（22-23八年级下·浙江金华·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
On February 10th, 2023, FeiJunlong and Zhanglu walked in the space for the first time. It’s the first time they’ve ever walked.
Feijunlong, Dengqingming and Zhanglu will work on the Shenzhou XV spaceship from China’s Tiangong space station for six months. In May, the Shenzhou XV spaceship 31 (return) to the earth. Many people are interested in the three 32 (astronaut) return trip. Will it be easy
33 fact, returning from space is full of difficulties. But Chinese scientists and astronauts have tried their best 34 (make) full preparations for it so far! 35 they come home, astronauts will first prepare their bodies by doing everyday exercise on the space station.
During 36 journey, astronauts will experience a blackout period (黑障阶段) after entering the atmosphere (大气层). It means they can’t 37 (easy) connect with the scientists on the earth for several minutes. 38 thanks to the radar (雷达), scientists can still know where the spaceship is. It is very 39 (help) to use the radars.
Their parachutes (降落伞) will also help the spaceship in 40 (it) return. When it is about 10 kilometres away from the ground, it still travels at the speed (速度) of 200 metres per second. That’s twice the speed of high-speed trains!
（22-23八年级下·浙江温州·期中）Wang Yaping’s daughter, Zhao Yunxi, a lovely girl was excited, “So far, my mother 41 (finish) China’s longest manned spaceflight and she will come back home! I’m very happy she is 42 first woman astronaut to give lessons in space.”
After flying 43 the earth for six months in the Tiangong space station, Wang Yaping with two other great 44 (man) returned home on April 16, 2022. They did a lot in space, such as doing experiments, 45 (take) photos and giving lessons.
Do you want to know what astronauts need to do 46 they leave the station First, astronauts need to pack up what they had and put all the things in place for safety. 47 (two), they need to clean “the house”. If they leave the waste there, it will be 48 (danger). Third, they do physical exercises to keep 49 (they) strong to make sure a safe return. When they land on the earth, ground workers carry them out of the station and place them into chairs 50 (careful). Thus, they are in good condition all the way.
（22-23八年级下·浙江温州·期中）阅读短文，根据上下文或括号内所给的英语单词，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
Many people know that rubbish is a big problem on the earth. 51 , many people don’t know that rubbish is a problem in outer space, too.
There are more than twenty 52 (thousand) pieces of space rubbish. They move around the planet.
But even a very small piece can break important satellites and it’s 53 (danger) for astronauts.
54 (make) less space rubbish, countries have agreed that all new space tools can only stay in space
for 25 years. Each tool must fall 55 (safe) onto the earth after that time. Scientists also suggest different ways on 56 to clean up space rubbish. Many countries are taking action now. For example, the 57 (German) are building robots. They can collect space rubbish and finally bring them back to the earth. “The situation 58 (be) more serious since we launched more man-made satellites into space,” says Marco, 59 American scientist.
“It’s time to do something. The 60 (early) we start to solve the problem, the better,” he says.
（23-24八年级上·山东枣庄·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Humans may live on another planet one day! That 61 (seem) impossible years ago. But now the idea may come true. According to Stephen Hawking, a British 62 (science), humans only have about 1,000 years to live on the earth. It means that humans 63 (fly) to another planet in 1,000 years. In fact, we have found one red planet Mars (火星). Experts have found that there 64 (be) water on it. The idea of living there looks possible. Thanks to science, the steps to Mars are getting 65 (fast) than before. For example, in 2013, Dutch experts 66 (plan) the first plan to put humans on Mars. They offered people one-way tickets to go and build a new home on Mars. 67 it was dangerous, over 200,000 people still wanted to take part in it. 68 the evening of September 21, US experts showed another plan to get humans to Mars in six years. They are also doing many 69 (prepare) to help people get back to the earth. I’m looking forward to 70 (live) on Mars. Will you join us
（22-23八年级上·湖南长沙·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Being 71 astronaut needs a lot of work. They have to take some hard 72 (test). As for the age, astronauts need to between 25 to 35 years old. They need to be 160 to 172 centimeters tall and their weight needs to be between 55 to 70 kilograms.
People can 73 (usual) stand g-forces（重力）of 3G to 4G. But astronauts need to stand forces up to 8G. That is to say, their body feels eight times 74 (heavy) than usual. This can make them feel bad. Tears run from 75 (they) eyes and they cannot breathe（呼吸）.
Astronauts get training to have good balance. They sit on a fast spinning（高速旋转的）chair or a bit “swing” for 15 minutes. Sometimes, they may 76 (feel) sick or even throw up.
To help astronauts be ready 77 the weightless environment（失重环境）on the earth, astronauts have to stay afloat（漂浮）while 78 (move) around or carrying things. Every time, they have training like that
for six hours. 79 training, some astronauts are even too tired to hold small things. You can never be an astronaut 80 (easy).
（23-24八年级上·全国·课时练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词（有提示词的，填入所给单词的正确形式）。
Do you know about Tang Hongbo On June 17, 2021, he went into space 81 two other Chinese astronauts Nie Haisheng and Liu Boming. Tang Hongbo was born (出生) in a village in Hunan in October 1975. At school, he was hard-working and one of his 82 (hobby) was reading. Whenever he was free, he would read different kinds of books 83 (careful). After school, he helped his parents 84 (plant) rice or feed the cows. During his summer holiday, he also helped his parents do farm work. Sometimes he even helped 85 (they) do some heavy work.
At an early age, Tang Hongbo would be very happy when he saw planes 86 (fly) in the sky. “I want to be 87 pilot in the future,” he said to his parents one day. They supported (支持) their son, 88 they were worried about their son’s safety (安全). In 1995, Tang Hongbo 89 (join) the army and his dream of becoming a pilot came true. He trained very hard because he believed that hard work could make him 90 (become) an excellent pilot. Because of his excellent performance he became an astronaut in 2010.
参考答案：
1．On 2．first 3．a 4．were made 5．To achieve 6．have done 7．our 8．advantages 9．so 10．why
【导语】本文主要介绍了宇航员王亚平的太空梦，也介绍了女性在太空事业中的重要意义。
1．句意：在11月7日，41岁的王亚平创造了历史。根据“Nov 7”可知表示具体日期，应用介词on，句首字母需大写。故填On。
2．句意：她成为中国首个女性太空步行者。根据“made history”可知创造了历史，此处应用基数词one的序数词first表示“首个”。故填first。
3．句意：王与航天员翟志刚一起完成了6.5小时的太空行走。此处walk意为“步行”，是可数名词单数，前需用不定冠词限定，6.5-hour是辅音发音开，需用不定冠词a。故填a。
4．句意：他们还测试了他们的宇航服的安全性，并且这些宇航服是中国制造的。连词and连接两个并列句子，主语spacesuits与动词make之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态，结合句子时态是一般过去时，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数形式。故填were made。
5．句意：为了实现她的梦想，她努力逼自己，并接受了与男人相同的训练。此处需用动词不定式形式表示目的，做目的状语，句首字母需大写。故填To achieve。
6．句意：据《环球时报》报道，自1984年以来，全世界只有16名女性（包括王）进行太空行走。根据“Since 1984”可知，句子时态应用现在完成时，结构为“have/has+过去分词”，主语“16 women”是复数。故填have done。
7．句意：如果我们不让女性参与其中，我们的努力就不会完整的。名词efforts“努力”前需用形容词修饰，此处应用us的形容词性物主代词our，表示“我们的”。故填our。
8．句意：王说，作为宇航员，女性有自己的优势。根据后文的“Women are more patient and can better deal with loneliness. ”可知女人更有耐心，可以更好地应对孤独，这些都是女性的优势，不止一个，此处应用复数形式。故填advantages。
9．句意：女性的心脏也更容易适应失重的环境，所以她们更容易在太空中停留更长时间。根据 “Women’s hearts are also easier to get used to the weightless environment,… it is much easier for them to stay longer in space.”可知，前半句是后半句的原因，因此前后为因果关系，应用连词so连接。故填so。
10．句意：这就是为什么王的太空行走是有意义的。根据“It is very important to study how female
bodies adjust to the space environment.”可知研究女性身体如何适应太空环境非常重要，因此这是王亚平太空行走有意义的原因，此处应用why连接，句型That’s why…表示“那就是为何……”。故填why。
11．to make 12．Luckily 13．first 14．a 15．for 16．older 17．because 18．activities 19．their 20．will encourage
【导语】本文主要介绍了一个电视节目秀：航天英雄，这个节目的主要目的是刺激人们对太空旅行的兴趣。
11．句意：许多人梦想进入太空旅行，但实现这个梦想的成本太高了。花费太多的目的是为了让梦想实现，用动词不定式表目的，故填to make。
12．句意：幸运的是，这里为热爱探索太空的人提供了一个机会。根据“here is a chance for people who love exploring space”可知，有一个机会来探索太空是一件幸运的事，此空位于句首，且空格后有逗号隔开，应填副词，故填Luckily。
13．句意：《太空英雄》将是世界上第一个太空真人秀节目。此处指“第一个太空真人秀节目”，用序数词表顺序，故填first。
14．句意：它将把一名幸运的旅行者送入空间站，让他或她在那里停留10天。此处指“一位幸运的旅行者”，表泛指，且lucky是以辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。
15．句意：它将把一名幸运的旅行者送入空间站，让他或她在那里停留10天。“ten days”是一段时间，要与for一起连用，故填for。
16．句意：凡年满18岁者均可参加这个节目。根据“than”可知，此空应填比较级，故填older。
17．句意：然后他们会为最后的旅行进行艰苦的太空训练，因为健康对潜在的旅行者来说非常重要。空格前后句是因果关系，遵循“前果后因”，用because引导原因状语从句，故填because。
18．句意：挑战和活动会帮助你找到赢家。此空与challengers是并列关系，故此空应填名词的复数形式，故填activities。
19．句意：来自世界各地的人们将首先观看这个节目，并最终通过互联网选择他们最喜欢的人。此空修饰名词person，要用形容词性物主代词，故填their。
20．句意：《太空英雄》的创作者希望这部剧能激发人们对太空旅行的兴趣。根据“hope the show … interest in space travel”可知，希望能激发人们对太空旅行的兴趣，从句用一般将来时
will do的结构，故填will encourage。
21．pollution 22．better 23．is 24．knows 25．plants 26．the 27．with 28．their 29．probably 30．and
【导语】本文主要介绍了关于火星的一些信息和关于人类生活在火星上的一些想象。
21．句意：地球将会变得拥挤，到时会有更多的污染。由“be more”可知，后接名词。故填pollution。
22．句意：人们希望在火星上建立一个更美好的世界。由“people could build a…world on Mars”可知，此处指建立一个比地球更好的世界，应用比较级。故填better。
23．句意：这就是未来的生活。句子为一般现在时，又由“what life”可知，be动词应用is。故填is。
24．句意：到目前为止，没有人知道火星上是否有足够的水或空气供人类居住。由“nobody”可知，谓语动词应用单数形式。故填knows。
25．句意：此外，科学家们也不确定植物是否能在火星上生长。由“…could grow on Mars”及常识可知，植物不止一种，应用复数形式。故填plants。
26．句意：食物很可能会以药丸的形式出现，而且不会那么美味。in the form of“用……的形式”，固定短语。故填the。
27．句意：与地球上的生活相比，火星上的生活在某些方面会更好。compare with“与……相比”，固定短语。故填with。
28．句意：此外，机器人会做很多工作，这样他们就有更多的时间放松。由“…work”可知，此处指他们的工作，应用形容词性物主代词。故填their。
29．句意：火星上可能没有学校。此处应用副词修饰系动词be。故填probably。
30．句意：火星上的生活将是有趣而富有挑战性的。由“interesting…challenging”可知，此处是并列关系，应用and连接。故填and。
31．will return 32．astronauts’ 33．In 34．to make 35．Before 36．the 37．easily 38．But 39．helpful 40．its
【导语】本文主要介绍了三位宇航员即将返程，科学家及宇航员已经为此做了充足的准备。
31．句意：5月，神舟十五号宇宙飞船将返回地球。根据上文“Feijunlong, Dengqingming and
Zhanglu will work on the Shenzhou XV spaceship from China’s Tiangong space station for six months.”可知，此处时态为一般将来时，助动词will+动词原形。故填will return。
32．句意：许多人对三名宇航员的返程感兴趣。astronaut“宇航员”，空处修饰名词trip应用名词所有格，three修饰用可数名词复数形式。故填astronauts’。
33．句意：事实上，从太空返回充满了困难。in fact“事实上”，固定搭配，句首字母大写。故填In。
34．句意：但到目前为止中国科学家和宇航员已经尽了最大努力为它做充分的准备！try one’s best to do sth“尽力做某事”，固定搭配，空处应用动词不定式。故填to make。
35．句意：在他们回家之前，宇航员将首先在空间站进行日常锻炼为他们的身体做好准备。根据“by doing everyday exercise on the space station”可知，他们在空间站进行日常锻炼是在回家之前，before“在……之前”，句首字母大写。故填Before。
36．句意：在旅途中，宇航员进入大气层后将经历一段黑障阶段。根据“During...journey,”可知，空处应表达在旅途中，用定冠词the修饰名词journey。故填the。
37．句意：这意味着他们无法在几分钟内轻松地与地球上的科学家建立联系。空处修饰动词connect用easy的副词形式。故填easily。
38．句意：但多亏了雷达，科学家们仍然可以知道宇宙飞船在哪里。根据“It means they can’t easily connect with the scientists on the earth for several minutes....thanks to the radar (雷达), scientists can still know where the spaceship is.”可知，空处前后表示转折关系，用but连接，句首字母大写。故填But。
39．句意：使用雷达是非常有帮助的。be动词后面加形容词作表语，空处应填help的形容词形式。故填helpful。
40．句意：他们的降落伞也将帮助宇宙飞船返回。空处修饰名词return用it的形容词性物主代词形式。故填its。
41．has finished 42．the 43．around 44．men 45．taking 46．before 47．Second 48．dangerous 49．themselves 50．carefully
【导语】本文主要讲述了宇航员在太空中做的事情及出舱后的注意事项。
41．句意：王亚平的女儿赵云溪，一个可爱的女孩兴奋地说：“到目前为止，我的母亲已经完成了中国最长的载人航天飞行，她将回家！”根据so far可知，时态为现在完成时，主语my
mother是单数，助动词用has，finish的过去分词为finished。故填has finished。
42．句意：我很高兴她是第一位在太空授课的女宇航员。根据first可知，序数词前面应加定冠词the修饰，表示第一位。故填the。
43．句意：在天宫空间站绕地球飞行了六个月后，王亚平和另外两位伟人于2022年4月16日回家。根据“After flying...the earth for six months in the Tiangong space station”可知，是绕地球飞行，around“围绕”。故填around。
44．句意：在天宫空间站绕地球飞行了六个月后，王亚平和另外两位伟人于2022年4月16日回家。man“男人”，可数名词，two修饰可数名词复数形式。故填men。
45．句意：他们在太空中做了很多事情，比如做实验、拍照和上课。根据“such as doing experiments,...(take) photos and giving lessons”可知，此处为并列关系，都用动名词形式，take的动名词为taking。故填taking。
46．句意：你想知道宇航员在离开空间站之前需要做什么吗？根据“First, astronauts need to pack up what they had and put all the things in place for safety.”可知，是离开空间站之前做的事情。故填before。
47．句意：其次，他们需要打扫“房子”。根据“First”可知，此处应用序数词second表示第二，句首字母大写。故填Second。
48．句意：如果他们把垃圾留在那里，那将是危险的。danger“危险”，名词，空处be动词后面应加形容词作表语。故填dangerous。
49．句意：第三，他们进行体育锻炼以保持身体强壮，确保安全返回。根据“they do physical exercises to keep...strong”可知，是进行体育锻炼保持他们自己身体健康，they“他们”，空处作keep宾语，应用反身代词。故填themselves。
50．句意：当它们降落在地面上时，地面工作人员将他们抬出车站小心地放在椅子上。careful“小心的”，形容词，空处修饰动词place应用副词形式。故填carefully。
51．However 52．thousand 53．dangerous 54．To make 55．safely 56．how 57．Germans 58．has been 59．an 60．earlier
【导语】本文主要介绍了太空垃圾的相关情况。
51．句意：然而，许多人不知道垃圾在外太空也是一个问题。根据“Many people know that rubbish is a big problem on the earth.”和“many people don’t know that rubbish is a problem in
outer space, too.”可知，两句为转折关系，空后有逗号，故填However。
52．句意：有两万多件太空垃圾。空前有数词“twenty”，所以thousand“千”填单数形式。故填thousand。
53．句意：但即使是很小的一块也会破坏重要的卫星，这对宇航员来说是危险的。空前有系动词“is”，此处应填形容词作表语，故填danger“危险”的形容词形式dangerous。故填dangerous。
54．句意：为了减少太空垃圾，各国已经同意，所有新的太空工具只能在太空中停留25年。根据“make less space rubbish”可知，此处为动词不定式作目的状语。故填To make。
55．句意：在那之后，每一个工具都必须安全地落在地面上。空处应用副词修饰动词“fall”，故填safe“安全的”的副词形式 safely。故填safely。
56．句意：科学家们还就如何清理太空垃圾提出了不同的方法。根据“on...to clean up space rubbish”可知，此处考查“疑问词+动词不定式”，所以填疑问词；根据下文“They can collect space rubbish and finally bring them back to the earth.”可知，说的是清理太空垃圾的方式，所以用疑问词how。故填how。
57．句意：例如，德国人正在制造机器人。根据空后的“are building robots”可知，空处表示人；谓语为“are building”，空处应用复数名词，故填German的复数形式Germans“德国人”。故填Germans。
58．句意：“自从我们向太空发射了更多的人造卫星以来，情况变得更加严重，”美国科学家马可说。根据since从句可知，主句时态应用现在完成时，主语“The situation”为单数，所以填has been。故填has been。
59．句意：“自从我们向太空发射了更多的人造卫星以来，情况变得更加严重，”美国科学家马可说。根据“American scientist”可知，此处泛指一名美国科学家，用不定冠词；American以元音音素开头，所以填an。故填an。
60．句意：我们越早开始解决问题越好。此处为“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构，意为“越……越……”，所以此处填early比较级earlier。故填earlier。
61．seemed 62．scientist 63．will fly/may fly 64．is 65．faster 66．planned 67．Although/Though 68．On 69．preparations 70．living
【导语】本文主要介绍了人类在将来有可能移民火星的计划，科学家正在为之努力。
61．句意：这在几年前似乎是不可能的。根据“years ago”可知，此句为一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填seemed。
62．句意：根据英国科学家斯蒂芬·霍金的说法，人类在地球上只有大约1000年的寿命。根据“a British”可知，此处用名词单数，斯蒂芬·霍金是一名科学家，scientist“科学家”符合。故填scientist。
63．句意：这意味着人类将/可能在1000年后飞往另一个星球。根据“in 1,000 years”可知，此句可以用一般将来时will do，或“情态动词may+动词原形”表示可能。故填will/may fly。
64．句意：专家发现上面有水。此句为宾语从句，根据“there ... water on it”可知，此句为一般现在时，water是不可数名词，be动词用is。故填is。
65．句意：多亏了科学，通往火星的步伐比以前更快了。根据“than before”可知，此处用形容词比较级。故填faster。
66．句意：例如，2013年，荷兰专家计划了第一个将人类送上火星的计划。根据“in 2013”可知，此句为一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填planned。
67．句意：尽管这很危险，但仍有20多万人想参加。根据“it was dangerous, over 200,000 people still wanted to take part in it.”可知，前后是让步关系，用although或though引导让步状语从句。故填Although/Though。
68．句意：9月21日晚，美国专家展示了另一个在六年内将人类送上火星的计划。根据“the evening of September 21”可知，具体某一天的晚上前用介词on。故填On。
69．句意：他们也在做许多准备工作来帮助人们返回地球。prepare“准备”，动词，many后跟可数名词复数，prepare的名词为preparation“准备”。故填preparations。
70．句意：我期待着在火星上生活。look forward to doing sth“期待做某事”，动名词作宾语。故填living。
71．an 72．tests 73．usually 74．heavier 75．their 76．feel 77．for 78．moving 79．After 80．easily
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了成为一个宇航员的条件，宇航员是怎样训练和生活的以及宇航员可能会出现的健康问题。
71．句意：作为一名宇航员需要做很多工作。根据“Being...astronaut needs a lot of work.”可知，此处指成为一名宇航员，为泛指，且astronaut为元音音素开头的单词，应用冠词an，故填
an。
72．句意：他们必须进行一些艰苦的测试。根据句中“some”可知，此处应填test“测试”的复数形式，故填tests。
73．句意：人们通常能够承受3G到4G的重力。根据“People can...stand g-forces（重力）of 3G to 4G.”可知，本句缺副词修饰动词stand，所以应填usual“通常的”的副词形式，故填usually。
74．句意：也就是说，他们的身体感觉比平时重八倍。根据than可知，此处应填heavy“重的”的比较级形式，故填heavier。
75．句意：泪水夺眶而出，无法呼吸。空后eyes为名词形式，所以此处应填they“他们”的形容词性物主代词作定语，故填their。
76．句意：有时，他们可能会感到恶心，甚至呕吐。因为may为情态动词，所以此空应填feel“感觉”的动词原形，故填feel。
77．句意：为了帮助宇航员为地球上的失重环境做好准备，宇航员必须在四处移动或携带物品时保持漂浮状态。be ready for“为……做好准备”，固定搭配，故填for。
78．句意：为了帮助宇航员为地球上的失重环境做好准备，宇航员必须在四处移动或携带物品时保持漂浮状态。根据“astronauts have to stay afloat（漂浮）while...around or carrying things.”可知，本句为“当……时做某事”，所以此处应填move”移动“的现在分词形式，故填moving。
79．句意：训练结束后，一些宇航员甚至累得拿不动小东西。根据“...some astronauts are even too tired to hold small things.”可知，此处指训练结束后，一些宇航员甚至累得拿不动小东西，after“在……之后”符合题意，故填After。
80．句意：你永远不可能轻易成为宇航员。根据“You can never be an astronaut...”可知，此句缺副词修饰be，所以应填easy“容易的”的副词形式，故填easily。
81．with 82．hobbies 83．carefully 84．plant/to plant 85．them 86．flying 87．a 88．although/though 89．joined 90．become
【导语】本文讲述了宇航员汤洪波的经历。
81．句意：2021年6月17日，他与另外两名中国宇航员聂海胜和刘伯明一起进入太空。分析“he went into space...two other Chinese astronauts Nie Haisheng and Liu Boming”可知，空格
处意为 “和”，应填介词with。故填with。
82．句意：在学校里，他很勤奋，他的爱好之一是读书。“one of+可数名词的复数形式表示 “……之一”，结合提示词，空格处应填可数名词hobby “爱好”的复数形式，故填hobbies。
83．句意：只要他有空，他就会认真阅读不同种类的书。结合提示词和“he would read different kinds of books...”可知，空格处应填careful的副词形式carefully “认真地”，用于修饰动词read，故填carefully。
84．句意：放学后，他帮助父母种水稻或喂奶牛。help sb. (to) do sth.意为 “帮助某人做某事”，结合提示词，空格处应填plant或to plant，故填plant/to plant。
85．句意：有时他甚至帮他们干一些繁重的活。helped是动词，其后接人称代词的宾格，结合提示词，空格处应填they的宾格them “他们”，故填them。
86．句意：在很小的时候，汤汤洪波看到飞机在空中飞行时，他会非常高兴。 see sth. doing sth.意为“看见某物正在做某事”，结合提示词，空格处应填fly的动词-ing形式，故填flying。
87．句意：我将来想成为一名飞行员。分析“I want to be...pilot in the future”可知，空格处意为 “一名”，表示泛指，应用不定冠词a或an，空后的pilot以辅音音素开头，故填a。
88．句意：尽管他们担心儿子的安全，但是他们支持他们的儿子。分析“They supported (支持) their son...they were worried about their son’s safety (安全).”可知，是让步状语从句，空格处意为 “尽管，虽然”，应填although或though，故填although/though。
89．句意：1995年，汤洪波参军，实现了成为一名飞行员的梦想。根据“came”可知，时态是一般过去时，结合提示词，动词join “参加”应用过去式，故填joined。
90．句意：他训练得很刻苦，因为他相信努力工作能使他成为一名优秀的飞行员。make sb. do sth.意为“使某人做某事”，结合提示词，空格处应填动词become “成为” 的原形，故填become。