2024年中考英语（完形填空）模拟真题 (上海专用)（含解析）

2024年中考英语（完形填空）模拟真题 (上海专用)
（2024·上海宝山·二模）Choose the words or expressions to complete the passage (选择最恰当的单词或短语，完成短文)
Exams help teachers see what kids know, but some say it’s time to stop the clock
Students in the US are regularly tested on their knowledge of class materials, from midterms to finals. Traditionally, educators have put time limits on tests 1 they believe it’s fair to give most students the same amount of time, and they also think students who really know the material should be able to answer all the questions during that time. Studies have shown, however, that the 2 to take a test quickly doesn’t reflect (反映) a student’s intelligence or knowledge of the material. Timed tests simply favour (有利于) students who can think under pressure. What do you think Should we get rid of timed tests
Yes—having a time limit on tests can be unfair
Time limits on tests give an advantage to students who can think quickly and stay calm. That has 3 to do with how much they know or how much they’ve studied. Many students, including people with learning difficulties, need more time to focus on their thoughts. They can get stressed and anxious (焦虑的) and even have trouble sleeping the night before a test, which will affect their performance. Not everyone can express his ideas or knowledge while the clock is ticking. Studies show that when students have time to focus on the questions, they give more thoughtful answers and 4 remember the material better.
No—it’s important to have time limits on tests
Giving students the same test with the same time limit is a fair way to test and compare their knowledge and abilities. While some students may need extra time due to specific needs, not everyone does. 5 there is a time limit for students to finish a test, they won’t learn how to manage their time or decide how much time to spend on each question. Time limits encourage students to trust their knowledge, make decisions and move forward, which helps build 6 .
Learning to work efficiently and quickly is also important in the real world, including in the workplace.
1．A．therefore B．although C．until D．because
2．A．decision B．ability C．moment D．opinion
3．A．everything B．something C．anything D．nothing
4．A．immediately B．rarely C．actually D．suddenly
5．A．Since B．Unless C．Even if D．When
6．A．progress B．friendship C．behavior D．confidence
（2024·上海静安·二模）Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage (选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文).
A Taste of Finnish Culture
Some students came to Finland to study at Helsinki University. They are sitting in a city cafe after one of their classes.
Kirsten: Talking about Finns and Finland, what do you guys think about living here 7
Edwina: I must tell you guys that I was quite pleasantly surprised at the weather when I first arrived here in the middle of winter. The temperature was minus 15. I thought I was going to die! But I don’t freeze 8 in Finland, because all the buildings are so well heated. I freeze more in Scotland than I do here.
Vishal: True. And the summertime is lovely, though. Another thing I really like about living in Finland is that it’s really 9 , at least compared to Mumbai! One day, when I was walking home, I dropped my wallet. When I noticed this, I thought it would be stolen for sure. But I found that someone had put my wallet on top of a bench so that I would find it more easily. The most surprising thing was that nothing had been taken from it!
Kirsten: That’s pretty 10 . It always makes me smile to see all the lost things.
Edwina: People here 11 a lot. For example, almost no one crosses the road when the light is red, even if there are no cars coming.
Kirsten: You’re right! I remember I once crossed the road when the light was red. People waiting on the other side looked at me in a very annoyed way. That made me decide never to do it again!
Vishal: That’s funny! In India, people don’t do that!
Joseph: Well, another thing that can be funny is Finnish food. One day, soon after getting to Finland, I felt like having something sweet. I went into the corner shop and I saw that there were freshly baked doughnuts on the bread counter. “Excellent!” I thought, and I chose a big doughnut to sink my teeth into. But imagine my horror
when I discovered that it was filled with meat!
Edwina: Oh yes. I think the meat filling is actually quite nice but not when you are 12 jam!
7．A．at first B．so far C．now and then D．for the time being
8．A．indoors B．outdoors C．immediately D．completely
9．A．smart B．quiet C．safe D．clean
10．A．crazy B．proper C．attractive D．amazing
11．A．ride bicycles B．complain about drivers C．follow rules D．argue about laws
12．A．tasting B．expecting C．touching D．spreading
（2024·上海嘉定·二模）Choose the best words or expressions and complete the passage (选择最恰当的选项完成短文).
Many scientists believe our love of sugar may actually be an addiction (瘾). When we eat or drink sugary foods, the sugar enters our blood and affects the parts of our brain that make us feel good. Then the good feeling 13 , leaving us wanting more. All tasty foods do this, but sugar has a particularly strong effect. In this way, it is in fact an addictive drug, one that doctors recommend we all cut down on.
“It seems like every time I 14 an illness and trace (追踪) a path to the first cause, I find my way back to sugar,” says scientist Richard Johnson. One-third of adults worldwide have high blood pressure, and up to 346 million have diabetes (糖尿病). Why “Sugar, we believe, is one of the factors, if not the major factors,” says Johnson.
Our bodies are designed to survive on very little sugar. Early humans often had very little food, so our bodies learned to be very efficient (有效率的) in storing sugar as fat. In this way, we had 15 stored for when there was no food. But today, most people have more than enough. So the very thing that once saved us may now be killing us.
So what is the 16 It’s obvious that we need to eat less sugar. The trouble is, in today’s world, it’s extremely difficult to avoid. From breakfast cereals to after-dinner desserts, our foods are increasingly filled with it. Some manufacturers (制造商) even use sugar to replace taste in foods. However, they are advertised as 17
in fat. So while the foods seem healthier, large amounts of sugar are often added.
But some people are fighting against sugar and trying to create a healthier environment. Many schools are replacing sugary desserts with healthier options, like fruit. Other schools are trying to encourage exercise by building facilities like walking tracks 18 students and others in the community can exercise. The battle has not yet been lost.
13．A．comes back B．goes away C．breaks up D．takes turns
14．A．study B．have C．treat D．spread
15．A．memories B．energy C．water D．data
16．A．result B．reason C．problem D．solution
17．A．rich B．high C．low D．heavy
18．A．although B．because C．while D．so
（2024·上海青浦·二模）Choose the best answer and complete the passage (选择最恰当的选项完成短文)
Should parents choose your clothes
Lots of parents choose their children’s clothes, or at least have a say in what they wear. As children get older, they tend to develop stronger opinions of how they want to dress. It’s common for children and teens to have different opinions with their parents over clothes. Some young people don’t 19 how they dress, others want to express their style, follow trends (n. 潮流) or dress like friends or famous people they like.
What do you think Should parents choose your clothes
Yes — Advice is helpful.
Parents can help you choose the right clothes because they have more 20 . It’s part of their job — like making sure you eat a healthy diet. As they are usually paying, it makes sense that parents have a say. If parents didn’t help children choose clothes, they might wear things that aren’t wise, like flip-flops (人字拖) in the rain. 21 , at some special events, it can be necessary to dress in a certain way to show respect. Young people can feel pressure to dress in clothes that are too grown-up. Choosing clothes can be a two-way 22 : children say what they prefer but parents have the final say. It’s not just about what you wear, but how you wear it.
No — It’s an individual decision.
You should decide because you’re the one wearing the clothes. Parents don’t always understand what children like or know what is trendy. What’s more, choosing for yourself is an important step towards becoming 23 and can build self-confidence.
Selecting clothes can be fun and creative, and allows you to express yourself and develop an individual style. For some people, clothing is a way of showing you 24 a certain group. Plus, if children select their own clothes, they are more likely to wear them, which means fewer arguments and less wasted money.
19．A．research B．require C．care D．know
20．A．progress B．wealth C．health D．experience
21．A．Therefore B．Instead C．Besides D．However
22．A．result B．effort C．purpose D．link
23．A．independent B．successful C．interested D．different
24．A．focus on B．depend on C．agree with D．belong to
（2024·上海徐汇·一模）Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage (选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文).
You know that eating healthy, staying active, and working out a few brain games can help keep you sharp. But these lesser-known habits work wonders, too.
1. Sit tall
When we are sad or afraid, we are more likely to slouch (没精打采地站、坐或走). This position causes us to feel worried or 25 . It makes harder to think clearly and remember things. In a study of 125 university students, 56 percent found it easier to do maths problems when they sat up 26 than when they slumped down.
Sitting tall does improve memory because it helps blood and oxygen flow to the brain—by up to 40 percent.
2. Exercise—once
Having trouble remembering faces In a small study, researchers showed pictures of faces to older people on two different days and after two different kinds of exercise. On one day, they rode bikes for 20 minutes and made sure they breathed heavily but were still able to talk. On the other day, they 27 sat on a self-pedaling bike for 20 minutes.
28 , people remembered the faces better after this single exercise.
3. Limit TV
As we all know, too much screen time can hurt a child’s cognitive (认知) development. But what about those old people
It was a long-term study for those who were over 50, and they were healthy as well. It was found that people who watched more than three and a half hours of TV a day for six years experienced a greater 29 in memory test scores than those who watched less. Another study found that watching violent programming harms people’s memory as well.
4. Walk backwards
When trying to recall something, don’t just think “walk backwards”. In a series of 30 , people viewed a video of a movie, a word list or a set of pictures. Then they imagined walking forward or backwards, watched a video that moved forward or backward, or actually walked forwards or backwards. Some people also sat still.
Backward motion, whether real, imagined, or watched, is better than forward motion.
25．A．upset B．excited C．happy D．peaceful
26．A．carelessly B．hard C．straight D．silently
27．A．usually B．mostly C．finally D．simply
28．A．After all B．In addition C．On average D．Sooner or later
29．A．drop B．increase C．balance D．progress
30．A．debates B．experiments C．speeches D．games
（2024·上海虹口·二模）Harbin, in northeastern China, is the site of the Harbin International Snow and Ice Festival, the biggest winter festival in the world. Some of the biggest and most beautiful ice sculptures (雕塑) can be seen in the festival.
Harbin’s location and freezing temperatures make it a 31 place to host a winter festival. The city centre sits on the banks of the Songhua River. The river freezes over in the winter and provides hundreds of thousands of cubic metres of ice. Ice artists from around the world turn the blocks of ice into buildings, animals, and other 32 .
The world’s largest winter festival grew out of a traditional ice lantern display and garden party that was 33 held in 1963. The snow and ice sculptures became part of the ice lantern festivities in 1985. In 2001, the celebration and Heilongjiang’s International Ski Festival joined together and started to use its current (现行的) name.
It’s hard to imagine that this grand display of ice and snow sculptures started as ice in a bucket. Traditional
ice lanterns were created by freezing water in a bucket, 34 the ice, and making a hole into the block of ice. A candle was then placed inside the block to create a lantern.
Today’s creations are much more carefully 35 and take much more time to form. Although the basic materials are the same-water, light, and ice-the displays now include LED lights and a lot of details. From a 36 block of ice to the world’s largest ice and snow amusement park, the festival has made a dramatic change. No wonder it attracts millions of people each year.
31．A．convenient B．common C．natural D．necessary
32．A．attractions B．characters C．inventions D．products
33．A．only B．first C．even D．also
34．A．throwing away B．keeping off C．putting up D．taking out
35．A．described B．designed C．organized D．selected
36．A．bright B．fresh C．simple D．perfect
（2024·上海浦东新·二模）Choose the best answer and complete the passage (选择最恰当的选项完成短文)
Do you have any indoor plants in your room Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways, they are the 37 heroes of the home. Not only do they look beautiful, but studies have shown that they can give people a sense of wellbeing (安适).What’s more, indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive.
Indoor plants also known as houseplants or pot plants, are plants that like to grow indoors. Many of them are not ideally fit for growing outside, especially in winter. Instead, they grow better inside, where it is 38 .
Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants can really lift your mood. Will Spoelstra, a British botanist (植物学家), tells us, “There are many 39 of growing plants indoors. I find that during the winter months, plants around the house can improve creativity and memory.” There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by taking in harmful gases. “Plants can 40 some harmful chemicals after the house is newly painted. Peace lilies and ivy are among the best,” says Will.
Most indoor plants are easy to grow. You can buy them from supermarkets, garden centers or online. Younger plants are often cheaper than grown ones, but you get to care for them as they grow. Will suggests people read the instruction on the label or find out more about the plants before 41 . The process is part of the joy of planting. It can bring a new interest and focus into people’s lives and help to bridge the gap between home and 42 . It can provide a sense of relaxation, allowing people to escape from the tiredness of daily life.
37．A．silent B．noisy C．blind D．serious
38．A．softer B．warmer C．colder D．smaller
39．A．skills B．habits C．steps D．advantages
40．A．remove B．spread C．cover D．develop
41．A．making a living B．making a decision
C．making an effort D．making a mistake
42．A．ground B．space C．society D．nature
（2024·上海黄浦·二模）Going shopping with your parents can be great fun. In the UK we buy more clothes than any other country in Europe. What people might not realise is that the fashion industry, and particularly “fast fashion”, is 43 to the planet.
Fast fashion refers to cheap clothes that are quickly produced by large companies to 44 the latest styles. Styles change all the time and lots of people like to buy clothes that are in fashion right now. The aim of fast fashion is to get these new styles into shops as fast as possible, so customers can buy them.
The fashion industry is 45 for between 8 and 10% of the greenhouse gas emissions (排放). Making clothes also requires lots of water. Cotton comes from plants that need to be watered frequently to make them grow, and turning raw cotton into clothes needs even more water. The clothes then have to be shipped to the countries where they’re going to be sold, which produces even more pollution. Fast fashion items aren’t made to last forever because they often go out of style quite 46 . Some people throw their clothes away when they don’t want them anymore.
Companies often employ people in other countries to make their clothes, and some don’t pay their workers very much. People then have to work 47 hours to earn enough money to live on. Some countries have fewer rules than the UK, which means that factories aren’t always well looked after and checked for safety. That could mean workers having to make clothes in dangerous or unhealthy 48 .
Lots of people are working for change. You could also raise awareness of the problem among your family and friends or ask a teacher to help you spread the word at your school.
43．A．unfair B．benefit C．harmful D．familiar
44．A．check B．follow C．fight D．compare
45．A．good B．ready C．famous D．responsible
46．A．simply B．quickly C．gradually D．accidentally
47．A．longer B．happier C．earlier D．busier
48．A．diets B．habits C．conditions D．relationships
（23-24九年级下·上海黄浦·阶段练习）Choose the best answer and complete the passage (选择最恰当的选项完成短文)
Watch Out
Every year on September 22, cities across the world celebrate World Car-Free Day. People are encouraged to 49 their cars for a day and try public transport, cycling or walking instead. I took up cycling in 2020 and fell in love with it at once. For the past two years, I have been going almost everywhere by bike. Now that this year’s World Car-Free Day is arriving, you might want to try cycling, too. But before you hop onto a bicycle, I have two stories to share with you.
My first story took place just a few weeks after I took to cycling. I was riding my bike up a bridge. 50 this was easy for me, the elderly man ahead of me was clearly finding the path too steep (陡的). He was going so slowly that I finally decided to overtake him. But just when I was about to turn left, a scooter (小型摩托车) rushed from behind me. It would have hit me if I had not stopped immediately. I was 51 . Didn’t the scooter driver see that I was turning Why didn’t he slow down But it was he who started first. “Stupid! Signal before you turn, you know ” he shouted and then left quickly. Although he was rude, the man did teach me a lesson. From that day on, I have always remembered to look behind me and stick an arm out before I turn.
My other story happened one moonless night last year when I was cycling down another bridge fast. Suddenly, an elderly woman stepped onto the bike path! I put on my brakes (刹车) 52 I could. But I braked too hard. My bike skidded (打滑) and I fell heavily to the ground. The accident left black bruises (挫伤) on my arms and legs. I wasn’t able to get up until a few minutes later. I shyly looked around and found there was 53 around. The elderly woman had gone—safe and sound.
What have I learned through these experiences Well, the bicycle path isn’t mine 54 .
As a cyclist, I should always keep an eye on those who come to share it. You can now learn this lesson without suffering an accident yourself. Don’t go too fast. Stay safe and enjoy your Car-Free Day rides!
49．A．give up B．complain about C．take charge of D．turn down
50．A．Since B．As C．While D．When
51．A．surprised B．angry C．excited D．upset
52．A．as soon as B．as well as C．as long as D．as much as
53．A．somebody B．everybody C．anybody D．nobody
54．A．altogether B．already C．alone D．again
（23-24九年级下·上海青浦·阶段练习）Choose the best answer and complete the passage. (选择最恰当的答案完成短文)
Maybe you think that newspapers are boring and only for grown-ups. But that’s not true!
There are many interesting stories in the paper. You just need to know 55 you are looking at. “I spend about half an hour 56 newspapers every day”, said 15-year-old Guo Binghua from Henan. “What interests me most are the things happening at schools.” School news is just one kind of news story 57 newspapers. There is also news from around the world—from international problems to pop stars.
If you read the newspaper carefully, you’ll find there’re different kinds of articles on the pages. They are News stories, Opinion writing and Advertisement.
News stories: These stories are about events. Reporters try to 58 all sides of a story to help readers understand what happened. Reporters try to speak to as many people as possible. They also use pictures and numbers to convince readers that the stories are true. Teens has lots of news stories on the news page and front page. When you read stories, you hear about the facts; not the writers’ ideas.
Opinion (观点) writing: Opinion writing is usually about something happening right now. But it isn’t just facts. Here writers add in their own opinions. Writers choose only the 59 that help back up (支持) their ideas.
Advertisement: You need to 60 for this type! Those sweet words and lovely pictures are just ways to get you interested in their products (产品)! People have to pay to put advertisements in newspapers.
55．A．why B．where C．who D．what
56．A．looking B．seeing C．reading D．watching
57．A．on B．in C．with D．about
58．A．make sure B．show C．know D．understand
59．A．facts B．reasons C．results D．reality
60．A．find out B．come out C．send out D．watch out
（23-24九年级上·上海杨浦·期末）
Intelligent animalsScientists used to believe that animals could not think, but now we know that animals can understand information and use it. 61 , if we repeat words such as Down or Sit to dogs, they’ll begin to understand them and follow the instruction. Some kinds of dogs can understand more than one hundred words! Some dogs have jobs. Working dogs are 62 good at learning words because they have to listen carefully to instructions. Border collies, a kind of dog, are often used to move sheep. Farmers use special words to tell the dogs what to do. They say Find when they want the dog to go and look for the sheep, and then Walk when they want the dog to move towards the sheep. The dogs also need to understand the word Stop. They can also understand if they have done a job well and 63 whether the command is from their own farmer. Dogs are not the only creatures that can learn words. An orca (killer whale) called Wilkie has been taught to repeat the words Hello and Bye-bye and can count to three. She produces the sounds by pushing air through her blowhole, but amazingly, she can 64 the sound of a human voice. If she listens to children, she sounds like a child when she repeats the words. In the wild, orcas live in groups and the young orcas make the similar sounds to the sounds the adult orcas make. So, each group of orcas 65 from other groups. Parrots are famous for repeating words, and an African Grey parrot called Alex could understand the English words for one hundred and fifty different things—like water, banana and grape. He knew some colours and shapes, and he could count various items. He could even understand the word none or zero. People once thought it was 66 to say someone had a brain like a bird, but now it seems birds and other animals are smarter than we thought. An orca in the deep ocean
61．A．As a result B．For example C．In fact D．What’s more
62．A．especially B．obviously C．truly D．recently
63．A．wonder B．hesitate C．recognize D．guess
64．A．follow B．create C．operate D．copy
65．A．communicates in a different way B．stays in a distance
C．moves quickly away D．protects their children
66．A．strange B．puzzling C．calm D．rude
（23-24九年级上·上海黄浦·期末）The difference between needs and wants
It’s very easy to waste money—even small purchases like stickers and snacks quickly add up. This makes it harder to save up for the things that you really want, but also means you might run out of money. In that case, you have to 67 what you need, not just what you want.
What do you need
People often 68 things that they need for things that they want. For example, you need to eat dinner, but that doesn’t mean you need takeaway pizza—you just want it. You might hear grown-ups talking about how they “need” a holiday, but this is something they would 69 instead of something they need to survive.
What do you want
Wants are items that would be nice to have, but you can 70 them. Unlike needs, your wants will change over time. As a child you might want a new bike, but when you get a bit older you want a phone, new clothes, or even a car.
When you have some money, it’s 71 that you will spend it all on the things you want. This isn’t a good idea because there’s a risk you won’t have enough money left to pay for things you need.
Mindful spending
Unfortunately, we can’t always have everything we want, at least not right away. Therefore, it is important to think twice about whether you 72 need something right now.
Getting into the habit of doing this now will make it much easier to manage money when you’re grown up.
Stop and think before you spend.
67．A．dream of B．point at C．work out D．make up
68．A．prepare B．explore C．reach D．mistake
69．A．enjoy B．trust C．believe D．produce
70．A．depend on B．live without C．prepare for D．reach for
71．A．difficult B．safe C．likely D．serious
72．A．safely B．actually C．strictly D．carefully
参考答案：
1．D 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．B 6．D
【导语】本文就是否应该取消计时测试表达了不同的观点。
1．句意：传统上，教育工作者对考试有时间限制，因为他们认为给大多数学生相同的时间是公平的，他们也认为真正了解材料的学生应该能够在这段时间内回答所有的问题。
therefore因此；although尽管；until直到；because因为。根据“educators have put time limits on tests ... they believe it’s fair to give most students the same amount of time”可知，空前后句是因果关系，前果后因，用because引导原因状语从句。故选D。
2．句意：然而，研究表明，快速参加考试的能力并不能反映学生的智力或对材料的了解。
decision决定；ability能力；moment时刻；opinion观点。根据“the...to take a test quickly doesn’t reflect (反映) a student’s intelligence or knowledge of the material.”可知，是指快速参加考试的能力并不能反映学生的智力或对材料的了解。故选B。
3．句意：这和他们知道多少或者学了多少没有任何关系。
everything一切；something某事；anything任何事；nothing没有什么。根据“Time limits on tests give an advantage to students who can think quickly and stay calm.”可知，限制考试时间对那些能够快速思考和保持冷静的学生有利，这与他们知道什么或学了多少没有关系，have nothing to do with “与……无关”。故选D。
4．句意：研究表明，当学生有时间专注于问题时，他们会给出更深思熟虑的答案，实际上也会更好地记住材料。
immediately立即；rarely很少；actually实际上；suddenly突然。根据“when students have time to focus on the questions”可知，当学生们有时间专注于问题时，实际上能够更好地记住材料。故选C。
5．句意：除非对学生完成考试有时间限制，否则他们不会学会如何管理自己的时间，也不会决定在每个问题上花费多少时间。
Since自从；Unless除非；Even if即使；When当……时。根据“there is a time limit for students to finish a test, they won’t learn how to manage their time or decide how much time to spend on each question.”可知，前句是后句的否定条件，表示 “除非” 对学生完成考试有时间限制，用unless引导条件状语从句。故选B。
6．句意：时间限制鼓励学生相信自己的知识，做出决定，向前迈进，这有助于建立信心。
progress进步；friendship友谊；behavior行为；confidence自信。根据“Time limits encourage students to trust their knowledge, make decisions and move forward”可知，时间限制有助于建立自信。故选D。
7．B 8．A 9．C 10．D 11．C 12．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了一些学生对于芬兰文化的看法。
7．句意：说到芬兰人和芬兰，到目前为止你们觉得住在这里怎么样？
at first首先；so far到目前为止；now and then不时地；for the time being暂时。根据“what do you guys think about living here”可知此处是询问到目前为止他们的看法。故选B。
8．句意：但我在芬兰的室内不会冷，因为所有的建筑都有很好的供暖。
indoors室内；outdoors室外；immediately立刻；completely完全地。根据“because all the buildings are so well heated”可知因为有供暖，所以在室内很暖和。故选A。
9．句意：我真正喜欢在芬兰生活的另一件事是它真的很安全。
smart聪明的；quiet安静的；safe安全的；clean干净的。根据“When I noticed this, I thought it would be stolen for sure. But I found that someone had put my wallet on top of a bench so that I would find it more easily”可知自己的钱包没有丢，所以应该感觉很安全。故选C。
10．句意：太神奇了。
crazy疯狂的；proper恰当的；attractive吸引人的；amazing令人惊奇的。根据“The most surprising thing was that nothing had been taken from it!”可知东西都没有丢，所以很令人惊奇。故选D。
11．句意：这里的人们经常遵守规则。
ride bicycles骑自行车；complain about drivers抱怨司机；follow rules遵守规则；argue about laws争论法律。根据“almost no one crosses the road when the light is red, even if there are no cars coming.”可知他们遵守规则。故选C。
12．句意：我觉得肉馅其实很好吃，但不是当你期待果酱的时候！
tasting品尝；expecting期待；touching触摸；spreading传播。根据“the meat filling is actually quite nice but not when you are...jam”可知当你期待着吃到果酱时，结果却吃到肉，这可能就不太好吃了。故选B。
13．B 14．A 15．B 16．D 17．C 18．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了人们对糖上瘾，戒不掉糖的原因以及吃糖的危害。
13．句意：然后这种美好的感觉消失了，让我们想要更多。
come back回来；go away走开；break up结束，分开；take turns轮流。根据“...leaving us wanting more.” 可知美好的感觉消失了就会想要更多。故选B。
14．句意：科学家理查德·约翰逊说：“似乎每次我研究一种疾病并追踪其最初原因时，我都会发现它与糖有关。”
study研究，学习；have有；treat对待；spread传播。根据“...an illness and trace...”可知是科学家在研究和追踪。故选A。
15．句意：这样，我们就可以在没有食物的时候储存能量。
memory记忆；energy能量；water水；data数据。根据“...stored for when there was no food.”可知是储存能量以备没有食物的情况出现。故选B。
16．句意：那么解决方案是什么呢？
result结果；reason理由；problem问题；solution解决方案。根据“ It’s obvious that we need to eat...”可知下文是提出了解决方案。故选D。
17．句意：然而，它们被宣传为低脂肪。
rich丰富，富含；high高的；low低的；heavy重的。根据“...even use sugar to replace taste in foods. However, they are advertised as...in fat”可知前后是对比转折关系，因此指低脂肪。故选C。
18．句意：其他学校正试图通过建造步行道等设施来鼓励锻炼，这样学生和社区中的其他人就可以锻炼了。
although虽然；because因为；while当……时；so因此。根据“...like walking tracks...students and others”可知前后表示因果关系。故选D。
19．C 20．D 21．C 22．B 23．A 24．D
【导语】本文主要谈论了“父母是否应该为你挑选衣服”。
19．句意：一些年轻人不在乎他们如何穿着，其他人想要表达自己的风格，跟随潮流或穿得像他们喜欢的朋友或名人。
research研究；require要求；care在乎；know知道。根据“others want to express their style...”可知，这里是介绍两种不同的情况，后者说的是想要表达自己的风格，则前者空处应是说不在乎自己的穿着，故选C。
20．句意：父母可以帮助你选择合适的衣服，因为他们有更多的经验。
progress进步，进展；wealth财富；health健康；experience经验。根据“ Parents can help you choose the right clothes because they have more...”可知，应是父母有更多的经验，故选D。
21．句意：而且，在一些特殊的场合，有必要以某种方式着装以示尊重。
Therefore因此；Instead反而；Besides而且；However然而。根据“If parents didn’t help children choose clothes, they might wear things that aren’t wise, like flip-flops (人字拖) in the rain. ..., at some special events, it can be necessary to dress in a certain way to show respect. ”可知，空处是进一步补充说明父母不帮忙选衣服的话，会出现的一些问题，所以用besides表示补充，故选C。
22．句意：选择衣服可能是一种双向努力:孩子们说他们喜欢什么，但父母有最终决定权。
result结果；effort努力；purpose目的；link联系。根据“children say what they prefer but parents have the final say”可知，父母和孩子双方都为选衣服做出了努力，故选B。
23．句意：更重要的是，为自己选择是走向独立的重要一步，可以建立自信。
independent独立的；successful成功的；interested感兴趣的；different不同的。根据“choosing for yourself ”可知，自己做选择是一种独立的表现，故选A。
24．句意：对一些人来说，服装是显示你属于某个群体的一种方式。
focus on专注于；depend on依赖；agree with赞同；belong to属于。根据“clothing is a way of showing you ...a certain group. ”可知，穿衣上可以显示你属于某一群体，故选D。
25．A 26．C 27．D 28．C 29．A 30．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了一些不太为人知的习惯，它们可以帮助保持大脑清醒和改善记忆力。这些习惯包括坐姿端正、进行一次性运动、限制电视时间和倒着走路。
25．句意：这种姿势使我们感到担心或不安。
upset沮丧的；excited兴奋的；happy开心的；peaceful平静的。根据空前“causes us to feel worried”及下文“It makes harder to think clearly and remember things.”可知，此处应选择一个表示消极含义的词。故选A。
26．句意：在一项针对125名大学生的研究中，56%的人发现，坐直的时候比瘫坐的时候更容易做数学题。
carelessly粗心地；hard困难的；straight笔直的；silently安静地。根据下文“Sitting tall does improve memory”可知，此处是指坐直更利于做题。故选C。
27．句意：另一天，他们只是坐在一辆自动踏板自行车上20分钟。
usually通常；mostly主要地；finally最终；simply仅仅。根据“On one day, they rode bikes for 20 minutes and made sure they breathed heavily but were still able to talk.”及空后“sat on a self-pedaling bike for 20 minutes”可知，此处是指只要坐在一辆自动踏板自行车上20分钟即可。故选D。
28．句意：平均而言，经过这一次锻炼后，人们对面孔的记忆更好了。
After all毕竟；In addition另外；On average平均；Sooner or later迟早。根据下文“people remembered the faces better after this single exercise.”可知，此处是在总结锻炼对记忆面孔的好处。故选C。
29．句意：研究发现，连续六年每天看电视超过三个半小时的人在记忆力测试中的分数下降幅度比看电视少的人要大。
drop下降；increase增加；balance平衡；progress进展。根据前文“As we all know, too much screen time can hurt a child’s cognitive (认知) development.”可知，看屏幕时间过长会损害孩子的认知发展，所以此处是指看电视更多的人在记忆力测试中的分数下降幅度更大。故选A。
30．句意：在一系列实验中，人们观看了一段电影视频、一个单词列表或一组图片。
debates辩论；experiments实验；speeches演讲；games游戏。根据前文“In a study of 125 university students, 56 percent found it easier to do maths problems...”“In a small study, researchers showed pictures of faces to older people on two different days and after two different kinds of exercise.”及“It was a long-term study for those who were over 50, and they were healthy as well. It was found that...”可知，作者是根据研究结果给出保持思维敏捷的方法，所以此处应是指在一系列实验中。故选B。
31．C 32．A 33．B 34．D 35．B 36．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了位于中国东北部的哈尔滨国际冰雪节，这一世界上最大的冬季节日，从传统的冰灯展示发展到现今规模宏大的冰雪雕塑盛会，吸引了全球艺术家和数百万游客。
31．句意：哈尔滨的地理位置和寒冷的气温使它成为举办冬季节日的天然场所。
convenient方便的；common普通的；natural天然的；necessary必要的。根据“Harbin’s location and freezing temperatures make it a...place to host a winter festival.”可知，哈尔滨气温低，所以它是举办冬季节日的天然场所。故选C。
32．句意：来自世界各地的冰艺术家将冰块变成建筑物、动物和其他有吸引力的事物。
attractions有吸引力的事物；characters人物；inventions发明；products产品。根据“Ice artists
from around the world turn the blocks of ice into buildings, animals, and other...”可知，艺术家将冰块雕成有吸引力的事物。故选A。
33．句意：世界上最大的冬季节日源于1963年首次举行的传统冰灯展示和花园派对。
only仅仅，只；first首次；even甚至；also也。根据“The world’s largest winter festival grew out of a traditional ice lantern display and garden party that was...held in 1963.”可知，传统冰灯展示和花园派对是这个节日的前身，所以1963年应是传统冰灯展示和花园派对首次举行的时间。故选B。
34．句意：传统的冰灯是通过将水冻结在一个桶里，取出冰，然后在冰块上钻一个洞来制作的。
throwing away扔掉；keeping off（使）不接近；putting up张贴；taking out取出。根据“Traditional ice lanterns were created by freezing water in a bucket,...the ice, and making a hole into the block of ice.”可知，水在桶中冻结成型，然后把冰块取出用于制作冰灯。故选D。
35．句意：今天的作品设计得更加仔细，需要更多的时间来形成。
described描述；designed设计；organized组织；selected选择。根据“Today’s creations are much more carefully...and take much more time to form.”可知，现在的冰灯需要先设计，然后再制作成型。故选B。
36．句意：从一块简单的冰块到世界上最大的冰雪游乐园，这个节日发生了巨大的变化。
bright明亮的；fresh新鲜的；simple简单的；perfect完美的。根据“From a...block of ice to the world’s largest ice and snow amusement park, the festival has made a dramatic change.”可知，此处与“世界最大的冰雪游乐园”形成对比，以强调节日的巨大变化，simple较符合语境。故选C。
37．A 38．B 39．D 40．A 41．B 42．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了什么是室内植物以及室内植物带来的好处。
37．句意：室内植物看起来好像只是待在那里，没什么作用，但在许多方面，它们是家中沉默的英雄。
silent沉默的；noisy吵闹的；blind失明的；serious严肃的。主语they指代的是上文提到的Indoor plants“室内植物”，结合选项，只有silent适合修饰植物。故选A。
38．句意：相反，它们在温暖的室内生长得更好。
softer更柔软的；warmer更温暖的；colder更寒冷的；smaller更小的。根据“Many of them are
not ideally fit for growing outside, especially in winter. Instead, they grow better inside”可知，此处是室内和室外的比较，室内相对室外更温暖。故选B。
39．句意：在室内种植植物有很多好处。
skills技能；habits习惯；steps步骤；advantages优点。根据下文“I find that during the winter months, plants around the house can improve creativity and memory.”可知，室内的植物可以帮助人们提高创造力和记忆力，这是在室内种植植物的好处，故选D。
40．句意：房子新粉刷后，植物可以除去一些有害化学物质。
remove除去；spread传播；cover覆盖；develop发展。根据上文“There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by taking in harmful gases.”可知，盆栽可以吸收有害气体，所以此处表示植物可以除去一些有害化学物质。故选A。
41．句意：威尔建议人们在做出决定之前阅读标签上的说明或了解更多关于植物的信息。
making a living谋生；making a decision做决定；making an effort努力；making a mistake犯错误。结合选项和“read the instruction on the label or find out more about the plants”可知，此处表示在做出决定之前阅读标签上的说明或了解更多关于植物的信息。故选B。
42．句意：它可以为人们的生活带来新的兴趣和关注点，并有助于弥合家居与自然之间的差距。
ground地面；space空间；society社会；nature自然。本文主要讲述的是室内植物，它和自然有关，所以此处表示有助于弥合家居与自然之间的差距。故选D。
43．C 44．B 45．D 46．B 47．A 48．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了快时尚行业对环境产生了负面影响。
43．句意：人们可能没有意识到的是，时尚行业，尤其是“快时尚”对地球有害。
unfair不公正的；benefit利益；harmful有害的；familiar熟悉的。根据下文“The clothes then have to be shipped to the countries where they’re going to be sold, which produces even more pollution.”可知，时尚行业对地球是“有害的”。故选C。
44．句意：快时尚指的是大公司为紧跟最新款式而迅速生产的廉价服装。
check检查；follow跟随；fight战斗；compare比较。根据空格后面“the latest styles”可知，快时尚是“紧跟”最新款式的。故选B。
45．句意：时尚行业应承担8%至10%的温室气体排放责任。
good好的；ready准备好的；famous著名的；responsible负责的。根据空格后面“the greenhouse
gas emissions”可知，时尚行业对此应承担相应的“责任”。be responsible for对……负责，固定搭配。故选D。
46．句意：快时尚的商品并不是永恒的，因为它们往往很快就会过时。
simply仅仅；quickly快速地；gradually逐渐地；accidentally偶然地。根据“Fast fashion items aren’t made to last forever because they often go out of style quite …”可知，快时尚的商品会“快速”过时。故选B。
47．句意：然后人们不得不工作更长的时间来赚取足够的钱来维持生活。
longer更长的；happier更开心的；earlier更早的；busier更忙碌的。根据“Companies often employ people in other countries to make their clothes, and some don’t pay their workers very much.”可知，人们不得不用“更长的”工作时间来换取报酬。故选A。
48．句意：这可能意味着工人必须在危险或不健康的条件下制作衣服。
diets饮食；habits习惯；conditions环境；relationships关系。根据“Some countries have fewer rules than the UK, which means that factories aren’t always well looked after and checked for safety.”可知，工人们没有很安全的“环境”。故选C。
49．A 50．C 51．B 52．A 53．D 54．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了作者骑自行车时发生的两个故事，这两个故事告诉我们：在骑自行车时要注意安全。
49．句意：鼓励人们放弃汽车一天，转而尝试公共交通、骑自行车或步行。
give up放弃；complain about抱怨；take charge of掌控；turn down拒绝。根据“their cars for a day and try public transport, cycling or walking instead”可知是放弃汽车，尝试公共交通、骑自行车或步行。故选A。
50．句意：虽然这对我来说很容易，但我前面的老人显然发现这条路太陡了。
Since自从；As当；While虽然；When当。根据“this was easy for me, the elderly man ahead of me was clearly finding the path too steep”可知前后两句表示对比，用while连接。故选C。
51．句意：我很生气。
surprised吃惊的；angry生气的；excited兴奋的；upset不安的。根据“Didn’t the scooter driver see that I was turning Why didn’t he slow down”可知作者很生气。故选B。
52．句意：我尽快刹车。
as soon as一……就；as well as和；as long as只要；as much as多达。根据“I put on my
brakes...I could”可知是尽可能地刹车，as soon as I could“尽可能快地”。故选A。
53．句意：我害羞地环顾四周，发现周围一个人也没有。
somebody某个人；everybody每个人；anybody任何人；nobody没有人。根据“The elderly woman had gone — safe and sound.”可知老人已经走了，周围没有人。故选D。
54．句意：自行车道不仅仅是我的。
altogether一起；already已经；alone独自；again又一次。根据“As a cyclist, I should always keep an eye on those who come to share it.”可知自行车道不是我一个人的，是大家共有的。故选C。
55．D 56．C 57．B 58．B 59．A 60．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了报纸上有些什么种类的文章。
55．句意：你只需要知道你在看什么。
why为什么；where在哪里；who谁；what什么。根据“You just need to know...you are looking at”可知，空格处缺宾语从句的引导词；作look at的宾语，指报纸上的内容，what符合语境。故选D。
56．句意：我每天花大约半小时看报。
looking看（其后不能直接接宾语）；seeing看见（强调看到内容）；reading阅读（书籍、杂志、报纸等）；watching观看（比赛，电视等）。根据空后的“newspapers”可知，空格处应用reading，read newspapers意为“看报纸”。故选C。
57．句意：学校新闻只是报纸新闻的一种。
on在……上面；in在……里面；with和；about关于。in newspapers意为“在报纸上”。故选B。
58．句意：记者试图展示一个故事的各个方面，以帮助读者了解发生了什么。
make sure确保；show展示；know知道；understand理解。根据“to help readers understand what happened”可知，此处表示记者试图展示一个故事的各个方面，故选B。
59．句意：作者只选择有助于支持他们观点的事实。
facts事实；reasons原因；results结果；reality现实。根据“that help back up (支持) their ideas”可知，此处表示作者只选择有助于支持他们观点的事实。故选A。
60．句意：你需要小心这种类型的文章！
find out查明，弄清；come out出版；send out发出；watch out小心。根据下文“Those sweet words and lovely pictures are just ways to get you interested in their products (产品)!”可知，广告上的那
些甜言蜜语和可爱的图片只是为了让你对他们的产品感兴趣，所以此处表示要小心广告类文章。故选D。
61．B 62．A 63．C 64．D 65．A 66．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了动物界中有些动物可以听得懂人类的指令。
61．句意：举个例子，如果我们对狗重复“下来”或“坐下”等词语，它们就会开始理解并遵循指令。
As a result结果；For example举个例子；In fact事实上；What’s more另外。根据上文“Scientists used to believe that animals could not think, but now we know that animals can understand information and use it.”可知，此处举出小狗的实例说明动物可以理解并使用信息。故选B。
62．句意：工作犬特别擅长学习词汇，因为它们必须仔细聆听指令。
especially特别地；obviously显而易见地；truly真实地；recently最近。此处应用副词especially修饰形容词good，强调特别擅长。故选A。
63．句意：它们还会知道自己的工作是否做得好，并识别命令是否来自自己的农夫。
wonder想知道；hestate犹豫；recognize识别；guess猜测。根据“whether the command is from their own farmer”可知此处指小狗能识别主人的指令。故选C。
64．句意：她通过将空气推入气孔来发出声音，但令人惊讶的是，她可以模仿人的声音。
follow跟随；create创造；operate操作；copy复制，模仿。根据下文“If she listens to children, she sounds like a child when she repeats the words.”可知，虎鲸会模仿人类的声音。故选D。
65．句意：因此，每群虎鲸的交流方式都与其他群组不同。
communicates in a different way以不同的方式交流；stays in a distance保持距离；moves quickly away快速离开；protects their children保护它们的孩子。根据上文“In the wild, orcas live in groups and the young orcas make the similar sounds to the sounds the adult orcas make.”可知，同个群体的虎鲸幼体发出的声音与成年虎鲸相似，由此可知不同群体的交流方式不同。故选A。
66．句意：人们曾经认为说某人拥有像鸟一样的脑袋是不礼貌的，但现在看来鸟类和其他动物比我们想象的更聪明。
strange奇怪的；puzzling令人不解的；calm冷静的；rude不礼貌的。根据“once thought”和“smarter than we thought”可知，鸟儿比我们想象中聪明，所以之前人们的看法是认为鸟儿不聪明，因
此说人的脑袋和鸟儿一样，是不礼貌的说法。故选D。
67．C 68．D 69．A 70．B 71．C 72．B
【导语】本文主要讲述需求和欲望的区别。
67．句意：在那种情况下，你必须分清你需要的，而不仅仅是你想要的。
dream of梦见；point at指向；work out分析出；make up编造。根据“you have to...what you need, not just what you want.”可知，要分清需要和想要的区别。故选C。
68．句意：人们经常把他们需要的误认为是他们想要的。
prepare准备；explore探索；reach到达；mistake误认为。根据“things that they need for things that they want”可知是把他们需要的误认为是他们想要的，mistake A for B“把A误认为B”，固定短语。故选D。
69．句意：你可能听到成年人谈论他们多么“需要”一个假期，但是这是他们喜欢的东西，而不是他们赖以生存的东西。
enjoy喜欢；trust信任；believe相信；produce生产。根据“grown-ups talking about how they “need”a holiday”可知，假期是他们喜欢的，而不是他们赖以生存的。故选A。
70．句意：“想要”就是很好的拥有某东西，但是没有他们你也可以生活。
depend on依靠；live without在没有……情况下生活；prepare for准备；reach for伸手去取。根据句意可知，“想要”就是很想拥有某东西，但是没有它们你也可以生活，不是必需品。故选B。
71．句意：当你有一些钱时，可能你将全部钱花费在你想要的事情上。
difficult困难；safe安全的；likely可能的；serious严重的。根据“you will spend it all on the things you want”可知是可能会把钱花在想要的东西上。故选C。
72．句意：因此，再三考虑现在你是否是真的需要某东西是重要的。
safely安全地；actually事实上；strictly严格地；carefully认真地。根据“need something right now.”可知是真正需要的东西。故选B。