Unit 2 School life 知识点清单 牛津译林版英语八年级上册（无答案）

8A Unit2
【Comic Strip＆Welcome to the unit】
Why don’t dogs go to school,Eddie
为什么狗不上学呢？
表示征求意见的句子：
sb had better do sth···
They have to work harder.
他们不得不更加努力学习。
①不得不做某事；必须做某事
区分“have to”和“must”
have to 强调“客观需要” 含有“不得不”和 “被迫”的意思 有人称和数的变化 否定形式： don’t/doesn’t have to 表“不必”
must 强调“主观需要” 或“责任”驱使而必要或有义务去做地事 无人称和数的变化 否定形式： mustn’t 表“禁止，不允许”
【提示】must开的的一般疑问句，
肯定回答：Yes,主语 + must.
否定回答：No,主语 + needn’t.
No,主语 +don’t/doesn’t have to.
E.g. ---Must I stay at home today
---Yes, . No, ./No, .
He has to walk to school when there’s no bus service.
→ 一般疑问句： he to walk to school when there’s no bus service
②hard 1）adj.困难的；坚硬的
adv.努力地；学习努力
大量地；下大雨
It’s like watching TV,but there are fewer advertisements.
它就像看电视，只不过广告更少些。
①like 1）prep.像 像···
看起来像
听起来像
（介词 + / ）
2）v.喜欢
②advertisement n.广告 → 可数
v.advertise (为···)做广告
③fewer更少 → 原级： → 最高级：
区分：few，a few，little和a little
few 很少；几乎没有（表否定） 修饰 “可数名词复数”
a few 有些；几个（表肯定）
little 不多；几乎没有（表否定） 修饰 “不可数名词”
a little 一点，少量（表肯定）
（ ）---Susan,there rice and noodles at home,will you go shopping with me
---Sorry,I have to wait for the postman.
A.little；few B.few；little
C.a few；little D.few；a little
英美式英语单词区别：
英式英语 British English 美式英语 American English
饼干 biscuit cookie
秋天 autumn fall
花园 garden yard
假期 holiday vacation
足球 football soccer
电影 film movie
商店 shop store
橡皮 rubber eraser
卡车 lorry truck
①British adj.英国的 → n.Britain 英国人
②vacation n.假期 1）=
2）在度假
去度假
寒/暑假 the winter/summer ~
休假 take/have a vacation/holiday
③fall 1）n.秋天 =
在秋天 =
2）n.瀑布 → 复数：falls
3）v.＆n.落下；掉落
I’m going to buy a toy lorry for my cousin in the shop near our school.
我要去我们学校附近的商店给我的表弟买一辆玩具卡车。
buy v.买 ①过去式：
②买某物给某人
=
Do you have any plans for the weekend
这个周末你有什么计划吗？
plan ①v.计划 动名词： 过去式：
计划做某事
②n.计划 ···的计划
做···的计划
---Shall we go together 我们一起去好吗？
---I’d love to,but the school football team will practise this Saturday.我想去，但是这个星期六学校足球队要训练。
①Shall we··· 我们···好吗？ → 希肯句
②practise 1）v.练习 练习做某事
2）n. 练习
We have an important match this autumn.
今年秋天我们有一场重要的比赛。
①important adj.重要的 1）反义词：
2）对某人来说做某事是重要的。
3）n. 重要性
②match 1）n.比赛；火柴 → 复数：
2）v.与···相配
【Reading】
School lives学校生活
life n.生活 → 复数：
It is a mixed school.这是一所混合学校。
mix 1）v.(使)混合，融合
将A和B混合在一起
mix A with B = mix A and B (together)
2）adj. 混合的
3）n. mixture 混合物
Among all my subjects, I like French best.
在我的所有科目中，我最喜欢法语。
①among 在···中 → 三者或三者以上
②I like French best. =
③拓展：
French adj.法国的；法国人的；法语的
France n.法国
Franceman n.法国人 → 复数：Francemen
Learning foreign languages is fun.学习外语很有趣。
①动名词作主语
（一个完整的句子一个动词，除非and连接）
E.g. Reading and writing are good ways to learn.
Keeping a diary (be) a good way to improve our writing skills.
②foreign adj.外国的 → n.foreigner外国人
During the week,we can borrow more books from the school library.在这一周里，可以从学校图书馆借更多的书。
①during prep.在···期间 → 强调“时间的延续”
E.g. Don’t speak during the meal.不要在吃饭时候讲话。
②辨析“borrow”“lend”和“keep”
borrow 借入 非延续性动词 向某人借某物
lend 借出 非延续性动词 借某物给某人 =
keep 留着；不退还 延续性动词 借用某物一段时间 keep sth for some time
E.g. Lily three books from Tony,and she
two to me.She told me that I could
the books for only two days.
Near the end of the week,we discuss the books with our classmates in class.在读书周快结束的时候，我们在课堂上与我们的同班同学一起讨论这些书。
①end n.＆v.结尾；终止；末端；尽头；结束
···快结束的时候；临近···的尽头
在···的末尾/尽头
终于，最后 =
无穷；不断地 without end
到···时为止 by the end of···
②discuss v.讨论，议论
与某人讨论某事
discuss v. → n. 讨论
(有一场)讨论
E.g. If you would like （讨论）the matter further , please call me.
Time seems to go faster when we are reading interesting books. 当我们读有趣的书时，时间似乎过的更快了。
①seem系动词 1）好像做某事；似乎做某事
2）好像···
seem + 形容词
= seem to be + 形容词
3）看来···（that引导表语从句）
It seems/seemed that + 从句
E.g. 他好像知道真相。
He seems to know the fact.
这个问题似乎难以解决。
This problem seems difficult to solve.
看来他的梦想马上就要实现了。
It seemed that his dream would come true soon.
②when 引导“时间状语从句”
I’m in Year 8 at Woodland School near London.
我在伦敦附近的林地学校读八年级。
I’m in the 8th grade at Rocky Mountain High School.
我在洛基山中学读八年级。
I’m in Grade Seven. 我在七年级。
Older students help new students learn more about the school.高年级学生帮助新学生更多地了解学校。
①区分：older年长的 → 无血缘关系
elder 年老的 → 有血缘关系
②help v.＆n.帮助 → adj. 乐于助人的
不乐于助人的
无助的
帮助某人(做)某事
=
③学习更多有关于···
He often listens carefully to my problems and offers me help.他经常认真听我的问题，主动提出帮助我。
①区分“question”和“problem”
problem → 一般指“疑难问题”
解决问题 solve the problem
处理问题 deal with the problem
question → 需要“解答’的问题
问问题 ask questions
回答问题 answer the question
②listen vi.听···
③offer vt.主动提出，自愿给予；提供
提供某物
向某人提供某物
=
主动提出做某事
E.g. 孩子们主动提出洗碗。
The kids offered to wash the dishes.
A stranger (主动提出) to give her a ride on the street , but she refused politely.
[拓展]offer n.建议
On Friday afternoon , our school ends earlier than usual. 在星期五下午，我们放学比平时早。
①区分“on”“at”和“in”
on 用在特定的某一天 用在星期几前 用在有day/eve的节日前 on Monday morning on the evening of May 1st on Tuesday
at 用在具体几点前 at three o’clock
in 用在早、中、晚前 用在季节前 用在月份前 用在年份前 in the evening in fall in 2020 in March
②end 1）vi. 结束 ≈ be over
2）n. 尽头 at the end of···在···尽头
in the end最终 = at last
I love this game and practice hard every time.
我喜欢这项运动，每次训练很刻苦。
①love v.1）+ 动词ing/to do 喜爱做某事
2）adj. 可爱的
②practice 练习 + 动词ing
[拓展]enjoy/be busy/finish/mind/have fun + Ving
Our team won two games last month.
我们队上个月赢了两场比赛。
win v.赢得；赢，获胜 → 反义词： 失败
①过去式： Ving：
②n. 获胜者
E.g. Our P.E. teacher often tells us that we’ll
the game if we pull together(齐心协力)
be best or first in a competition
在某个比赛中表现最好或获得第一名
①赢得第一名
= win the first prize
= get/win the first place
②competition n.比赛
words used in speaking and writing
用于会话和书写的言语
I read an article by a boy from the USA.
我读了来自美国男孩写的一篇文章。
①read v.阅读 → 过去式：
read用于读 纸质版 读物
②by prep.由，被···
an artic by···由···写的文章
by的用法：
by 在···旁边 ≈ beside/near等
经过
（表示方式、手段等）靠，用，通过
由，被（常用于被动语态）
（表示时间）不迟于，在···之前
What else do you know about John
你还知道关于约翰的什么情况？
①else adv.其他的，别的；另外的
用法：用于疑问代词/不定代词之后
②what else =
【Grammar】复习“比较级”＆“最高级”
考点一 形容词/副词 比较级、最高级的构成
变化规则 比较级 最高级
一般情况 + er + est
new → → great → →
以不发音的e结尾 + r + st
late → → fine → →
以辅音字母+y结尾 去y + ier 去y + iest
hungry → → busy → →
以重读闭音节结尾（大部分辅元辅结尾） 双写尾字母+er 双写尾字母 + est
thin → → hot → →
多音节词 （长的词） more + adj./adv. the most+adj./adv.
patient→ → careful→ → useful→ →
不规则变化 good/well → → many/much → → bad/ill → → little → → far→ / → / old → / → /
考点二 两者之间数量上的比较
more···than···表示“···比···多”
fewer + 可名复 + than···表示“···比···少”
less + 不可数名词 + than···表示“···比···少”
E.g. 1）丹尼尔学的学科比我少。
Daniel .
2）她花在零食上的钱比你少。
She .
3）（ ）With the help of 5G technology , the apps on the smart phone can provide functions(功能) for the users than before.
A.many B.more C.most
考点三 三者或三者以上事物数量上的比较
the most + 可名复/不可数名词 + 范围 最多···
the fewest + 可名复 + 范围 最少···
the least + 不可数名词 + 范围 最少···
E.g. 1）鲍勃在比赛中得分最多。
Bob in the race.
2）我们三个人里他完成的家庭作业最多。
He of us three.
3）我们所有人中约翰读的书最少。
John of us all.
4）我们三个人中露西喝的牛奶最少。
Lucy of us three.
5）---Which month has three days in a year ---February.
A.fewer B.less C.the fewest D.the least
考点四 比较级表示最高级
Millie has more tomatoes than Daniel.
米莉的西红柿比丹尼尔多。
= .
Millie has less rice than Daniel.
米莉的米饭比丹尼尔少。
= .
further 更远
辨析“further”＆“farther”
further 可以表示距离上“较远，更远” 还可以表示程度上的“进一步” Can you stand a bit further away We must get further information.
farther 表示“时间或空间”上的 “较远，更远” We have to ride ten miles farther.
She draws better than any other student in my class.
她画的比我班里其他任何一位学生都好。
【重点】比较级表示最高级
同义句： .
= .
= .
一、单项选择
( )1. — do you live from the school —It’s half an hour’s walk.
A. How long B. How far C. How soon D. How much
( )2. —How often do you go to see your parents —_____________.
Four days B. Only a week
C. Once a week D.Three times
( ) 3. Many people want to read books ______Moyan..
A.with B.on C.in D.by
( )4. If you have problems ____________ the work, you can go to him for help.
A. for B. with C. on D. In
( ) 5 .Why not go to see a movie ---- Because there isn’t _______, I hear. A.nothing interesting B. something interesting
C. anything interesting D. interesting something
二、词汇
1._____________(学习)foreign languages is fun.
2. When did the film __________(结束) Half an hour ago.
3. In China, most schools are ______________(混合的).
4. Our football team __________(赢得)the match at last.
5._________(在…期间) the summer holiday. We visited many places of interest.
6. I write to my penfriend __________ (two) a month.
7. Tony __________ (read) an article by an __________(America) boy just now.
8. Whose clothes are these They are the __________(win).
一、根据汉语或单词的适当形式填空。
1. He should speak __________ (little) and listen _____ (much).
2. Please tell them not to play so ____________ (noisy).
3.The girl answered the questions____________(correct) among them.
4. The words in the newspaper weren’t so _________, I couldn’t see them ___________(clear).
5. It is ________ in the classroom and all the students are having their lessons __________(quiet).
6.Li Lei spent two hours _____________(练习) speaking English yesterday.
7.My father often listens to my problems and _____________(主动给予) me help.
8.On Friday afternoon, our school ends earlier than _____________(平常).
二、单项选择.
( ) 1. My father often says to me, “________ English well is very important. ”
A.Learning B. Learn C. Learned D. To learning
( ) 2. May I _________ your bike, please I’ll give it back to you soon.
A. touch B. bring C. borrow D. buy
( ) 3. ---Look! There is a football match program on TV now. ---Hmm…It ________ exciting.
A. seems B. looks like C. feels D. seems like
( ) 4. It sounds like a good plan, but you should ________ it with your parents first.
A. keep B. learn C. discuss D. choose
( ) 5. I read an article ________ a girl _______ the USA.
A. by; from B. by; on C. as; from D. as; in
( )6. He always looks . Now he’s looking at his new drawing.
happy; happily B. happy; happy
C. happily; happily D. happily; happy
( )7. I did not ask for help this morning.He _____his help to me.
A. offering B. gives C. offered D. let
( )8.How fine the weather is! What about_______softball(垒球)？
practice play B. practice playing
C. practicing playing D. practice playing the
( )9. ---______ do you go on a school trip --- Twice a month.
A.How soon B. How often C. How far D. How long
( )10.Why____ Jim go to school by bike
A. do B. don’t C.doesn’t D. isn’t来
三、同义句转换
1. It takes about two hours to fly to Beijing.(划线部分提问)
_______ _______ does it take to fly to Beijing
Tom is taller than any other student in his class.
同义句：Tom is ________ ________ ________ in his class.
3. The boy draws better than any other student in his class. 同义句：The boy___ ___ ____ __ in his class.
4. Sandy drank more milk than Simon. （改为同义句）
Simon ________ _______ _______ than Sandy.
5. Kitty is shorter than Peter. (保持句意基本不变)
Kitty is not so _____________ _____________ Peter.
四、完成句子
1. 学习外语很有趣。
______________________________ is fun.
2. 他似乎对这次足球比赛的情况一无所知。He_________________ the football match .
3. 他经常认真地听我的问题，并给予我帮助。
He often and .
我们可以从家中带些食物和饮料。
We can __________ some food and drinks _____________.
临近学期尾声，我们通常举行一个聚会。
the term, we usually .
【Integrated skills】
number of students学生的数量
①···的数量
②辨析“the number of”＆“a number of”
the number of ···的数量 the number of + 可名复 作主语时，谓语动词用 单数形式
a number of 大量··· a number of + 可名复
E.g.The number of the whales(鲸鱼) smaller and smaller because of human activities now.
A.were B.was C.is D.are
How much time do students spend on homework every day 学生每天花费多少时间做家庭作业？
①how much time多少时间 → time不可数名词
②辨析“spend”“pay”“cost”＆“take”
既可花费“钱”也可花“时间”
只能花“时间”
只能花“钱”
E.g. 1）I bought a ball last week. It me fifty dollars.And I have to 5 dollars for going to gym once. It usually me two hours to do.
2）I spent an hour at the station waiting for the train.（改为同义句）
It me an hour for the train at the station.
Do students wear uniforms 学生穿校服吗？
区分“wear”“dress”“put on”＆“be in”
wear “穿着，戴着” 强调“状态”
dress “给···穿衣服” 给自己或别人穿衣
put on “穿上，戴上” 强调“动作”
be in “穿着，戴着” 强调“状态”
Chinese students have more weeks off for the summer holiday than British students.
与英国学生相比，中国学生暑假放假周数更多。
①有···时间的假期
②holiday n.假期 =
度假
E.g. ---Where’s Sam I can’t find him anywhere.
---Oh , he has two weeks for a vacation.
Half an hour for playing computer games and another half an hour for playing chess.
半小时玩电脑，另外半小时下国际象棋。
①半小时
②play + 1）球类/棋牌类运动
2）+ the + 乐器
③another 又一；再一；另一；不同的
常用于“单数可数名词”前
I have only half an hour for my hobbies at most.
我最多只有半小时用于我的爱好。
至多；最多
反义词： 至少
Usually I go swimming for about half an hour.
通常我花大约半小时去游泳。
同义句： .
= .
Among the four of us,Simon spends the most time on his hobbies.
在我们四个当中，Simon花在他的爱好上的时间最多。
同义句： .
= .
【Study skills】
I looked through the questions quickly.
我快速的浏览了一下问题。
①浏览，快速查看
②拓展：1）照顾
2）寻找
3）看起来像
4）当心；向外看
5）环顾，环视
6）期望；期待
7）看不起 look down on/upon
I read English newspapers and magazines every day.
我每天读英语报纸和杂志。
I read very slowly at first , but I am doing better now.
起初我读的最慢，但现在好多了。
①读报纸/杂志
②起初，首先
反义短语： = 最后
I also keep writing in English about my daily life.
我也一直用英语写下我的日常生活。
①keep v. 1）继续做某事
2）阻止某人做某事
②daily adj.每日的，日常的 =
E.g. ---Why were you shouting at your sister
---I told her to do homework , but she watching game shows.
A.turned on B.held on
C.kept on D.put on
I learn to use English better this way.
通过这种方式我学会了更好地使用英语。
①learn v.学习 → 过去式：
学习做某事
②use v.使用 1）adj. 有用的
adj. 无用的
2）使用某物做某事
再利用某物做某事
I always have a lovely time.我总是过的很愉快。
玩得愉快，过得开心
=
=
=
【Task】
When do you finish school 你什么时候放学？
finish v.完成 完成(做)某事
区分：be over强调“状态”
How long is lunchtime at your school？
在你的学校，午餐时间多长？
①区分：how long，how soon，how often和how far
how long 多长时间 对“for+一段时间”提问 对“长度”提问
how soon 多久 对“将来的一段时间”提问 例：in an hour
how often 多久一次 对“频率/频度副词”提问
how far 多远 对“距离”提问
②在午餐时间
How often do you go on school trips
你多久参加一次学校旅行？
Do you think your school is a good one
你认为你的学校是一所好学校吗？
①think v.认为 →5 过去式：
②区分：one，it和that
one 泛指上文提及的同类事物中的任何一个，同类异物
it 特指上文提到的事物本身，同类同物
that 特指上文所指名词同类，但不是同一个
E.g. I have a few books on Chinese food.You can borrow
if you want.
A.one B.it C.much D.a little
We do not need to get up early , and we have lots of time for after-school activities.
我们不需要早起，而且我们有大量的时间进行课外活动。
①need v.需要 需要某物
需要做某事
②有时间做某事
=
③课外活动
Our school are quite small.我们班很小。
区分“quite”和“very”：
quite 可修饰形容词、副词和动词(短语)， 表示“相当，非常” 修饰的形容词前面有a/an时，quite置于 冠词前
very 只能修饰形容词、副词，意为“很，非常” 修饰的形容词前有a/an时，very置于冠词之后
We can choose subjects to study.我们可以选择科目学习。
choose v.选择 1）过去式：
2）选择某物做某事
There are about 20 students in each class.
在每个班级大约有20名学生。
对划线部分提问：
We have an hour of homework every day.
我们每天只有一个小时的家庭作业。
一、单项选择
( )1. Chinese students have______ weeks ______in the summertime than American students.
A.more; on B. fewer; on C. more; off D. less; off
( )2.This is an _______ question. You can answer it _______.
easy, easy B. easily, easily
C. easy, easily D. easily, easy
( )3. The sun shone _______ and we felt very _______.
bright, happy B. brightly, happily
C. brightly, happy D. bright, happily
( )4. --- What shall we do this Sunday？
--- Why ______to the Science Museum
A. not to go B. not go C. don’t go D. not you go
( )5._____ your support, we finished the job very quickly.
A. Under B. At C. With D. For
( )6.It is ______ to chat on the Internet because no one will tell the truth (实话).
A. meaning B. mean C. meaningless D. meaningful
二、词汇
1. We go and do the ____________ (week ) shopping every Sunday morning.
2. It's ________ (use) to cry. You won't get your money back.
3. It's important for us to eat _________ (health) than before.
4. I ____________(choose) Ann as my buddy when I was in Grade Seven.
5. The article is about our ____________ (day) life. We are all interested in it.
6. You will swim across the river _________ (easy) if you keep __________ (swim) every day.
一、用所给词适当形式填空
1.If it _________(snow) tomorrow, we’ll make a snowman.
2. The number of the workers __________(be)over 1290 in this factory.
3. They often spend their free time _________(chat) online.
4.Chinese students have more homework than _________(Britain)students.
5.Would you mind ________(go)shopping with me
6.Laura __________(hurt) her leg last week.
7. He can do the work better with __________(few)people and ________ (little)money.
8.We’ll have nine weeks ______ next year.(休息)
9.It looks just like __________(fly) in the sky.
10. I’m 15 years old now and I can take good care of
(my).
二、单项选择
( ) 1. What a great time they had______ with each other during lunchtime.
A. chatting B. to chat C. chatted D. chat
( ) 2. Students in the USA spend_______ time_______ their homework than we do.
little; to do B. little; doing
C. less; do D. less; doing
( ) 3. People in Britain say “autumn” while people in the USA say “_______”.
A. fall B. movie C. holiday D. lift
( ) 4. Which do you like______ , Tom, coffee or Chinese tea A. well B. good C. better D. best
( ) 5. Peter drives______ Amy, so it will take Peter_______ time to get to the theatre.
A. much faster than; less B. more slowly than; less
C. as fast as; more D. as slowly as; more
( ) 6. Linda drew______ than_______ girl in her class.
A. more careful; any other B. more carefully; any other
C. more careful; the other D. more carefully; the other
( )7 . Li Lin has______ CDs and_______ juice than Chen Ze.
fewer; less B. less; fewer
C. fewer; more D. less; more
( ) 8. The number of the students in our class______ 50, and a number of them_______ very tall.
A. is; is B. is; are C. are; are D. are; is
( ) 9. I’m so hungry. Will you please give me______ cake A. other B. the other C. another D. others
( ) 10. —Would you like______ , Jim —No, thanks.
nothing else B. else anything
C. something else D. anything else
( ) 11. Helen sings beautifully. I never hear ________ voice(嗓音) .
A. the better B. a good C. the best D. a better
( ) 12. Our school is quite______ , but Li Lei’s is even______ .
small; small B. smaller; small
C. small; smaller D. smaller; smaller
( )13. She is better at English than _______ in the class.
A.any other student B. the other student
C. the one of any other student
D. those of any other student
( )14. ---_______ is the summer holiday --- About two months.
A.How often B. How long C. How far D. How much
( )15.Look! A number of people_______ trees over there.
A.is plant B. is planting C. plant D. are planting
三、完成句子
1. 我每天花半个小时做运动。
I spend _____________________________sports every day.
2. 中国学生比美国学生暑假有少几周的休息时间。
Chinese students ______________________ the summer holiday than American students.
3. 当和孩子们在一起时，她似乎更年轻了。
She _____________________ when she stays with children.
4. 当胡老师认真倾听我们的问题时，他总是礼貌地微笑并回答它们。
When Mr. Hu ______________________, he always _______________________and answers all of them.