Unit 7 What's the highest mountain in the world?单元语法知识点学案（含答案） 2023-2024学年人教版英语八年级下册

语法专题：形容词的比较级和最高级
一、形容词的比较级和最高级的变形规则
1、其他较短的单词，直接在词尾加-er或-est:
small—smaller-smallest short—shorter-shortest fast—faster-fastest
2、以不发音的e结尾，直接加-r或-st:
nice—nicer—nicest large—larger—largest cute—cuter—cutest
3、以辅字母+y结尾的，变y为i，再加-er或-est:
easy—easier—easiest happy—happier—happiest
4、以“辅元辅”结尾的，双写末尾字母，再加-er或-est:
big—bigger—biggest 常见的还有：thin, fat, wet, red, sad，hot
5、大部分多音节和部分双音节的形容词，在其前加more，most:
popular—more popular—the most popular famous—more famous—the most famous
serious—more serious—the most serious patient—more patient—the most patient
6、不规则变形（好坏多少老远）
原级 比较级 最高级
good , well better best
bad , ill worse worst
many , much more most
little less least
old older/elder oldest/eldest
far farther/further farthest/furthest
二、形容词的比较级
1、用法：形容词的比较级用于两者之间的比较，than是比较级的标志词。
2、含有比较级的句型结构
1)A is /do sth ...than B: A比B更....
例句:The earth is bigger than the moon.
He works harder than us.
运用：China has become much__________ (strong) than before. We are proud of her
keys：stronger
2）... and ... “越来越...”
例句:When spring comes, the days are getting longer and longer.
运用： 越来越好_____________ 越来越坏____________ _
越来越冷_____________ 越来越暖和____________
keys：better and better; worse and worse; colder and colder; warmer and warmer;
3）more and more... “越来越...”
例句: The song is becoming more and more popular.
运用：越来越漂亮__________________ 越来越严重____________________
keys：more and more beautiful; more and more serious;
4）the....,the... “越...就越...”
例句：The busier he is, the happier he feels.
运用: ---Can you tell me why you learn English so well
---It’s very simple. ________you work, ________grades you will get.
A. The harder, the best B. The hard, the better C. Harder, Better D. The harder, the better
keys：D
3、比较级的修饰语
当强调比较级的程度时，可以在形容词(或副词)的前面使用much, a little, a lot, even, still等。
例句：It is much colder today than yesterday.
My apple is a little bigger than yours.
4、表示两者之中，更..的那个，比较级前加the,表示特指
例句：The more beautiful of the two women is Mrs. Brown.
运用：The book is _________of the two.
A. thinner B. the thinner C. more thinner D. the thinnest
keys：B
4. 比较级的注意事项
1）比较的对象前后要保持一致。
( ) My hair is longer than yours.
( ) My hair is longer than you.
2）避免将主语包含在比较对象中。
( ) He is taller than any other student in his class.
( ) He is taller than the other student in his class.
( ) He is taller than any student in his class.
3）避免重复使用比较级：
( ) He is cleverer than his brother.
( ) He is more cleverer than his brother.
keys：1. 对 错 2. 对 对 错 3. 对 错
三、形容词的最高级
1、形容词最高级用于三者及以上的比较，表示在一定范围内“最...”。范围通常用in/of/among...来表达，最高级前面要加the。
2、最高级常考句型
1）A is the... in .... He is the tallest in his class.
或A is the... of .... He is the tallest of the three boys.
或A is the... among .... He is the tallest among the three boys.
2）one of +the +形容词最高级+名词复数，表示最...之一
例句：China is one of the largest countries in the world.
运用：Tom is one of the_________ (tall) students in our class.
keys：tallest
3）A is the first/second最高级+单数名词 A是第一/二最...的...
例句：The Changjiang River is the first longest river in our country
题型1：写出下列词的比较级和最高级
1. smart_______________________ 2.few_______________________
3. nice_______________________ 4.far ______________________
5. pretty_______________________ 6.old______________________
7. easy _______________________ 8.hot_______________________
9. thin _______________________ 10. interesting____________________
11. many/much________________ 12. big_______________________
13. bad/badly/ill__________________ 14.little ______________________
15. well/good_____________________ 16. few_____________________
Keys:1. smarter-smartest 2.fewer-fewest3.nicer-nicest 4. farther/further-farthest/furthest
5. prettier-prettiest 6. older/elder-oldest/eldest7.easier/easiest 8. hotter-hottest
9. thinner-thinnest10.more interesting-the most interesting 11. more-most
12.bigger-biggest13.worse-worst14.less-least15.better-best
题型2：选择题
( ) 1.My moon cake is nicer ________his.
A. like B. with C. for D. than
( ) 2.Shanghai is larger than _________in India.
A. any other city B. any city C. other cities D. any cities
( ) 3.—What do you think of the film you saw yesterday
—Oh! It’s one of ___________films I’ve ever seen.
A. interesting B. more interesting C. most interesting D. the most interesting
( ) 4.Which does Jimmy like___________, Chinese or Art
A. well B. best C. better D. much
( ) 5.—Which do you want to buy, the red one or the black one
—I want to buy ______one of them.
A. the cheaper B. cheaper C. cheapest D. the cheapest
( ) 6. —What do you think of the traffic in our city
—It’s _______than it used to be, but there’s still a long way to go.
A. worse B. worst C. better D. best
( ) 7. More and more people have a low-Carbon life and the air is getting much_________than a few years ago.
A. clean B. cleanest C. cleaner D. the cleanest
( ) 8. The garden is becoming ______.
A. more beautiful and more B. more beautiful and beautiful
C. more and more beautiful D. more beautiful and beautifuler
( ) 9. It is ______mountain here. No mountains is ______than it.
A. higher; higher B. the highest; higher
C. higher; the highest D. higher; highest
( ) 10.______ hurry, _______speed.
A. More, less B. Much, little C. The more, the less D. The much, the little
keys：1-5 DBDCA 6-10 CCCBC
( ) 1. —This kind of watch is much______ today than last month. Would you like to have one
—Really I’ll take one.
A. the most expensive B. the cheapest
C. more expensive D. cheaper
( ) 2. I have been to quite a few restaurants, but I can say this one is______.
A. good B. better
C. he better D. the best
( ) 3. —Many boy students think math is ______ English.
—I agre. I’m weak in English.
A. much difficult than B. so difficult as
C. less difficult than D. more difficult than
( ) 4. He is very rich but that day he bought______ bike to save money for the poor children.
A. an expensive B. the most expensive
C. the more cheaper D. the cheapest
( ) 5.—"Food Safety" problem is becoming ______these days.
—I think so. The government must do something to deal with it.
A. smaller and smaller B. worse and worse
C. better and better D. nicer and nicer
keys：DDCDB