八年级英语下册
M8U3写作指导
一、知识点
【语法】
that引导的宾语从句
(一)放在动词后面的句子,称为“宾语从句”
(二)可分为三类:一类是that引导的宾语从句;一类是whether/ if引导的宾语从句;一类是连接代词,连接副词引导的宾语从句。
(三)that引导的宾语从句
1.宾语从句的引导词是that,当谓语动词表示肯定的概念,如“希望”“相信”“知道”或“说”时,后面的句子一般用that引导,that没有任何意义。只有语法功能,目的使读者清楚后面的句子是宾语从句,that可省略。接that引导的宾语从句的动词有:believe, expect, explain, feel, hear, hope, imagine, prefer, promise, report, say, see, tell, think, understand, warn, wish等。
引导that用于下列情况时不可省略:
(1)当宾语从句的主语是that时,
Eg: He says that that is a useful book.
他说那是一本有用的书。
(2)当从句前有插入语时
Eg: It says, on the card, that it is made in China.
卡片上说,它是中国制造。
(3)当宾语从句中含主从复合句时
Eg: I’m afraid that if you’ve lost it, you must pay for it.
恐怕如果你丢了它,你必须付款。
(4)当两个或多个宾语从句由 并列连词连接时,除第一个从句中的that可省略外,其余从句中的that都不可省略
Eg: He said (that) the film was very interesting and that he enjoyed seeing it very much.
他说那部电影非常有趣,他非常喜欢看它。
2.宾语从句的时态:
(1)主句是现在的某种时态,那么宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定
Eg: (1) I remember he gave me a book yesterday.
我记得他昨天给我一本书。
(2) He has told me that he’ll leave for New York tomorrow.
他告诉我他明天动身去纽约。
(2)如果主句是过去的某种时态,宾语从句一定要用过去的某种时态。
Eg: He told me that he would take part in the high jump.
他告诉我他将参加跳高。
(3)宾语从句表客观事实或真理,从句始终用一般现在时
Eg: He told me that the earth is round. 他告诉我地球是圆的。
注意:宾语从句中,当主句主语为第一人称,谓语动词为think, believe, suppose等时,要否定前移。
Eg: I don’t think he is a good student.
我认为他不是个好学生。
【积累】
1.go out alone 独自外出
Eg: My mum doesn’t allow me to go out alone.
我妈妈不允许我独自外出。
2.get lost = be lost 迷路
Lost为lose的过去式及过去分词
Eg: The girl got lost in the forest.
那个女孩在森林里迷路了。
3.Agree on ... “同意..”
Agree with sb. “同意某人”
Eg: Most of us agree on one thing and we like money.
我们绝大部分人都同意一件事情,我们喜欢金钱。
I agree with what you say.
我同意你说的话。
4.Go on a trip 去旅行
Eg: I want to go on a trip with my family in the summer holiday.
我这个暑假想要和家人一起去旅行。
5.go to the countryside 去乡下
6.do sightseeing = do some sightseeing 观光
go some sightseeing 去观光
Eg: I want to do some sightseeing in the countryside.
我想去乡下观光。
7.not… any more = no more 不再
Eg: She isn’t a student any more.
她不再是一名学生。
8.in the end “终于;最后”指经过许多变化、困难和捉摸不定的情况后才发生
finally “最后”只指一系列事物或论点的顺序
at last “最后”可与finally互换,往往用于一番拖延或曲折之后
Eg: (1) He bought the house in the end.
最后他买了那个房子。
(2) He spoke at the meeting finally.
他最后在会议上发言。
(3) At last we arrived home.
最后我们到家了。
9.be careful “小心”
Be careful with ... “小心保管...”
Eg: You should be careful; the ground is wet.
你应该小心,地面很湿。
表“当心”时可单独使用,目的为了引起某人注意
Eg: Be careful! It’s wet on the ground.
当心!地面很湿。
be careful of/ about sth.小心某事
Eg: We must be careful of the snakes.
我们必须小心蛇。
be careful to do sth.小心地做某事
Eg: He was careful to keep out of sight.
他小心地避开视线。
三、写作
本模块话题为“介绍旅游”
写作范例:介绍张家界的景色
第一步:确认时态为一般现在时和一般过去时
第二步:描述张家界的地理位置及占地面积等信息
第三步:介绍张家界主要风景点
第四步:欢迎游览张家界
范文:
Zhangjiajie is about 480 square kilometres.It is about 400 kilometres from Changsha.Everyone likes its many unusual mountains, rivers and forests.There are a lot of different plants and animals there too.Zhangjiajie is famous for the strange shape of its tall rocks, and its beautiful sights.Visitors can stay in hotels or tents in the park.Zhangjiajie is popular with lots of visitors.Welcome to Zhangjiajie.
二、练习题
一、单项选择
( )1.I hear that he ______ to buy a new house tomorrow.
A.go
B.will go
C.went
D.goes
( )2.My father told me that the earth _____ around the sun.
A.go
B.will go
C.went
D.goes
( )3.This is ______ an interesting book _____ I can’t put it down.
A.so; that
B.such; that
C.too; to
D.very; that
( )4.-- How often do you exercise
-- ______ ever.Because I am very busy with my work.
A.Nearly
B.Hardly
C.Almost
D.Always
( )5.Water is important to ______, so there are many water festivals around the world.
A.everyone
B.nobody
C.somebody
D.something
( )6.-- Do you believe that humans could live on Mars
-- I don’t think ______.
A.if it comes true
B.that it will come true
C.why it will come true
D.how does it come true
( )7.The cake is _______ delicious but don’t eat ______.
A.too much; too much
B.much too; too much
C.too much; much too
D.much too; much too
( )8.He said he _____ born in Heilongjiang.
A.was
B.is
C.be
D.will be
( )9.I _____ him to succeed.
A.hope
B.hope for
C.wish
D.make
( )10.Best _____ to you.Happy Teachers’ Day.
A.Wish
B.wishes
C.hope
D.hopes
二、阅读理解(判断句子正误,正确T,错误F)
Saturday, March 24th
We have arrived in the hot, wet city of Bangkok.This is our first trip to Thailand (泰国).All the different smells make us want to try the food.
We are going to eat something special for dinner tonight.The hotel we are staying in is cheap and very clean.We plan to stay here for a few days, visit some places in the city, and then travel to Chiang Mai in the north.
Tuesday, March 27th
Bangkok is wonderful and surprising! The places are interesting.We visited the famous market which was on water, and saw a lot of fruits and vegetables.Everything is so colourful and we have taken hundreds of photos already.Later today we will leave for Chiang Mai.We will take the train to the north, stay in Chiang Mai for two days, and then catch a bus to Chiang Rai.
( )11.The writer has visited Thailand twice.
( )12.They are going to eat something special for dinner on Saturday.
( )13.They plan to stay in Bangkok for a few days, and then travel to Chiang Mai in the north.
( )14.The writer thinks Bangkok is wonderful and surprising.
( )15.They will leave for Chiang Mai on March 27th.
三、写作
介绍你家乡”jiangshan”的旅游,词数为90-100左右
【答案】
一、1 -- 5 BDBBA 6 -- 10 BBACB
二、11 -- 15 FTTTT
三、Come to Jiangshan for you holiday.You will join a group of 20 people and stay two days.
On the first day, you will visit Mount Jianglang in the morning.When yo stand at the foot of it, you will see three rocks.You walk on the mountain, you can see many plants around it.It’s so quiet that you can hear birds singing.From the top you can see fields.In the afternoon, you will go to NianBaDu all the ancient town.It’s very old town.It has an ancient path and many ancient buildings.The air here is fresh and you can hear the river making sound.If you like history, I believe you will like it.
On the second day, you should go to the Moon lake.The lake looks like a moon and it’s very big.You can eat fresh fish.It tastes delicious.
The trip is very exciting.Many people have said that the trip is very enjoyable.Don’t wait.Join us with your friends.