2024年中考英语人教版语法专项复习 专题十一 句子的种类课件(共31张PPT)

(共31张PPT)
中考英语人教版专项复习
专题十一 句子的种类
目录
01.
解析
02.
模拟考题
01
解析
图解语法
考点1 陈述句
肯定句
主语+谓语（+其他）
We go to school every day. 我们每天去上学。
否定句
1.当陈述句的谓语动词为be动词、助动词或情态动词时，其后直接加not即可构成否定句。
如：She is not a doctor. 她不是一名医生。
2.当陈述句的谓语动词为实义动词时，需要借助助动词do/does/did, have/has/had等来构成否定句。
如：She didn't come to school yesterday. 她昨天没来上学。
【注意】除not外，其他否定词或短语也可构成否定句。
never从不 hardly几乎不，几乎没有 seldom很少
little/few几乎没有 not...at all一点儿也不 not...any more/longer不再
nothing没有任何东西 none of没有一个 too...to...太……而不能……
考点2 疑问句
一般疑问句
需用Yes或No回答的疑问句叫作一般疑问句。
1.be动词+主语+表语
Is she a painter 她是一名画家吗？
2.助动词+主语+谓语+其他
Do you like swimming in summer 你夏天喜欢游泳吗？
3.情态动词+主语+谓语+其他
May I open the window？我可以打开窗户吗？
对一般疑问句作肯定回答时，常用"Yes, 主语+be动词/助动词/情态动词."；作否定回答时，常用"No, 主语+be动词/助动词/情态动词+not."。
特殊疑问句
由特殊疑问词引导的疑问句叫作特殊疑问句，不可用Yes或No回答。特殊疑问词包括疑问代词、疑问副词和疑问词组。
1.特殊疑问词的用法
疑问 代词 what ［2015.31］ ①对事物或抽 象概念等提问 What makes you so happy？何事
让你如此开心？
②询问职业或 身份 What's your dad？ 你父亲是做什
么的？
who 询问身份 Who is the boy？那个男孩是谁？
which 询问哪一个 Which do you like？你喜欢哪一
个？
疑问 副词 when 询问时间 When is her birthday？她
的生日是什么时候？
where 询问地点 Where are you going？ 你
要去哪里？
why ［2022.43］ 询问原因 How did you fix it？你是
怎么把它修好的？
how ①询问方式 How is your aunt？ 你阿
姨怎么样了？
②询问情况
续表
2.how词组的用法
词组 含义 用法
how often ［2019.40］ 多久一次 对"频率"进行提问
how soon 多久以后 询问某个动作要多长时间发生或结束
how long 多长 询问物体的长度
多久 询问一段时间
how many 多少 询问可数名词的数量
how much 多少 询问不可数名词的数量
询问价格
how far 多远 询问距离
选择疑问句
1.一般选择疑问句
一般疑问句+or+被选择部分
Is he a worker or a doctor？他是一名工人还是一名医生？
2.特殊选择疑问句
特殊疑问句，+A+or+B
Which do you prefer, milk or coffee 牛奶和咖啡，你更喜欢哪一个？
考点3 祈使句
祈使句表示命令、请求、建议或劝告等，主语通常被省略，谓语动词用原形，句末用句号或感叹号。
肯定祈使句
1.（Please）+动词原形+其他
Listen to English songs when you are free. 你有空的时候听听英文歌曲。
2.Let+第一、三人称的宾格/名词+动词原形+其他
Let the students come in!让学生们进来吧!
3.Be+表语
Be quiet!安静！
否定祈使句
1.Don't+动词原形+其他
Don't leave the tap running. 别把水龙头开着白白流水。
2.Let's+not+动词原形+其他
Let's not waste time. 我们不要浪费时间。
3.No+名词/动名词
No parking！禁止停车！
祈使句的应答语
1.Let's开头的祈使句，其答语常用"Good idea./OK."等。如:
—Let's go to the library to borrow some books.
我们去图书馆借一些书吧。
—Good idea.好主意。
2.其他肯定祈使句的应答语常用"Yes./OK./Thanks, I will."等,否定祈使句的应答语常用"Sorry/No, I won't （do it again）."等。如：
—Remember to take an umbrella with you.
记得带把伞。
—Thanks, I will.谢谢，我会的。
考点4 感叹句
感叹句用来表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情，通常由what或how引导，句末用感叹号。
How引导的感叹句
1.How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!用法示例：
●How beautiful the flowers are!
●How fast the man runs!
2.How + 主语 + 谓语!用法示例：
How time flies!
What引导的感叹句
1.What + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数形式（+ 主语 + 谓语）!如：
●What a beautiful skirt!
●What an interesting book （it is）!
2.What + 形容词 + 可数名词复数或不可数名词（+ 主语 + 谓语）!如：
●What beautiful pictures they are!
●What cold weather!
语境小测
1.[2023福建中考改编] —___ is it from our home to the museum, Dad
—It's about two kilometers.
A
A.How far B.How often C.How soon D.How much
2.[2023乐山中考改编] —___ do you go swimming, Sam
—Every Sunday afternoon.
A
A.How often B.How soon C.How long D.How far
3.—Tony, ___are you in such a hurry
—The meeting will start soon. I don't want to be late.
D
A.where B.how C.when D.why
4.—___ silent, please! You are in the library.
—I'm sorry, madam.
A
A.Keep B.To keep C.Keeping D.Kept
5.—China won all the gold medals at the 2023 ITTF World Table Tennis
Championships Finals.
—___ exciting news!
D
A.What a B.How a C.How D.What
6.—Have you watched Wang Yaping's science lecture （讲座） from
China's space station
—Yes. ___ interesting it is!
A
A.How B.How a C.What D.What a
7.—Sam, ___ run in the hallways. It's very dangerous.
—Sorry, Ms. Black.
B
A.do B.don't C.not D.doesn't
8.—Tell me, Grandma. ___ is your favourite person in the whole wide
world
—That's easy! It's you!
B
A.What B.Who C.How D.Whom
语篇提升
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
make how do can have use be what
1.______ can we show our love to our family and friends In fact,
people give love in different ways. Each way 2._____ be called a "love
language". Here are some love languages.
How
can
First, offer praise. This kind of language 3._____ words to show love.
Praise means attention and care. "4._______ a good job you have done!"
"These shoes look nice on you."... Such praise will 5.______ others
pleased.
Second, give gifts. A gift means "I care about you." The gift 6.______
not have to be expensive. Perhaps a piece of chocolate is OK.
Third, spend time together. 7.______ a relaxing time and do things we
all enjoy. Don't 8.____ busy all the time. Have a picnic with the family.
Or visit grandparents to talk to them.
uses
What
make
does
Have
be
02
模拟考题
单项填空
1.—___ do you play volleyball, Amy
—Three times a week.
C
A.How long B.How soon C.How often D.How much
2.—___ is China's Tiangong space station from us
—About 400 kilometers above the earth.
C
A.How much B.How often C.How far D.How long
3.[2023连云港中考] —___ have you been a member of the Youth League
—For three years.
A
A.How long B.How many C.How often D.How far
4.—___ do you learn these words by heart
—By using them in different ways.
B
A.When B.How C.Why D.Where
5.—Attention, please! ___ inside, everyone. It's raining heavily outside.
—We will, Mr. Li.
B
A.To stay B.Stay C.Staying D.Stays
6.[2023吉林中考改编] ___ interesting movie it is! I want to see it again.
D
A.What B.How an C.How D.What an
7.[2023营口中考] ___ useful knowledge the astronaut in Tiangong
Classroom has taught us!
B
A.How B.What C.How a D.What a
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