2024年福建省中考英语 阅读理解专项训练（含答案）

中考阅读理解专项训练
(精选试题）阅读下面短文，从每小题 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
(一)
It seems school children all over the world complain about their school food. So what do students of
your age eat for lunch at school
Japan High schools have canteens ，which serve everything from noodles to rice ，but not burgers and chips ．Other children bring food from home such as cold rice balls，meat or fish，pickles and vegetables .
The United States A typical menu from a US school is made up of a hamburger with fried potatoes or roast chicken，lettuce(生菜) and pickles，fruit and cookies ．School lunches must also provide at least one-third of the daily dietary allowances( 定 量 )of protein( 蛋 白 质 ) ， vitamin A ．vitamin C ，iron ，calcium ，and calories(卡路里) .
Australia Meat pies ，sausage rolls and hotdogs are all traditional dishes in Australian school shops ．But as the nation pays more attention to children’s health ，healthier foods have started to find their way on to school menus ． Many schools have used a traffic light system．The sale of red-labelled foods including desserts，chocolate and soft drinks ， is served only twice a week ． Healthier green-labelled foods such as sushi ， sandwiches ， corn and watermelon ，however are served every day . In some schools, students have a choice of up to 89 foods to choose from ，including popcorn and rice .
South Africa Most of South Africa’s schools do not serve meals at all. Classes end at 1:30 pm and students get their own lunches. Many students bring food from home, usually sandwiches. Fast food and fried food sell the best among students ，which has led to a rise in obesity(肥胖症) among children ．But as more people began to realize the fact that being too fat may cause different diseases， some schools in towns have led the way towards better nutrition(营 养) ．Now students at these schools are provided with lunches of porridge with vegetables, such as cabbages，onions，beans，carrots and tomatoes.
( ) 1. What does a canteen do for students
A. Provide books for the students. B. Provide food for the students.
C. Students dance in it. D. Students sleep in it.
( ) 2. Which of the following is made up into the typical American school lunch
① Fruit ② Meat ③ Fish ④Vegetables ⑤ Rice
A. ①③⑤ B. ①②④ C. ②③④ D. ②④⑤
( ) 3. Which belongs to red-labelled food in Australia？
A ．sandwiches B ．beer C ．tomatoes D ．corn
( ) 4. What can cause a rise in obesity(肥胖症) among children in South Africa
A. Eating porridge with vegetables.
B. Schools serve meals to students.
C. Schools are over too early.
D. Eating fast food and fried food.
( ) 5. Which of the following is TRUE
A. Atypical menu from a US school is made up of enough nutrition.
B. Most students in South Africa eat their lunches at home.
C. Many schools in Australia have traffic lights outside their schools.
D. You can have whatever you like in school canteens in Japan.
答案：BBCDA
（二）
Do you like Kung Pao chicken According to the China Hotel Association, you probably do. The dish is among the top 10 most popular in China.
All of the dishes on the list are easy to make and have interesting stories.
Shredded pork with garlic sauce 鱼香肉丝 Does this dish have anything to do with fish No! In fact, yuxiang is a Sichuan seasoning(调味 料).The seasoning is made of red chili, green Chinese onion, ginger, garlic, soy sauce, sugar, and wine. It is said that a woman in Sichuan was good at cooking fish. Once, she used the seasoning for fish on her pork Surprisingly, it tasted great! Twice-cooked pork slices in hot sauce 回锅肉 There are different stories about this dish. One says that the dish came about by accident. A person in Sichuan boiled some pork to remember his ancestors(祖先).After the ceremony (仪式), his family wanted to eat the pork. To make it more delicious, he stir-fried (炒) the pork and added salt, sauce and garlic. Many people started to cook pork this way. Kung Pao chicken 宫保 鸡丁 People believe that the dish was named after Ding Baozhen(1820- 1886).He was an official (官员) during the Qing Dynasty. He liked chicken that was stir-fried with chili and peanuts. And as his title(头衔) was gongbao, people named the dish Kung Pao chicken.
( ) 1.What is the passage mainly about
A. Interesting jobs B. Wonderful places
C. Delicious food D. Famous people
( ) 2.Which of the following is not yuxiang made of
A. sugar B. salt C. chili D. wine
( ) 3. Why did people name the dish Kung Pao chicken
A. It was named after a place. B. Because the person’s title was gongbao.
C. It was named by an official . D. We don’t know from the passage.
( ) 4. Which is TRUE about Twice-cooked pork slices in hot sauce
A. It came about on purpose. B. It is made without salt.
C. People no longer cook pork like that now.
D. The person who made it came from Sichuan.
( ) 5.In which section of a magazine would you probably read the text
A. Life B. Health C. Travel D. Nature
答案：CBBDA
（三）
Post-2000s Chinese players are a hot topic at the 19th Asian Games in Hangzhou. They all fight hard to win gold medals to make their dreams come true from a very early age. Cui Chenxi is one of them.
On September 27, 2023, Cui Chenxi, a 13-year-old skateboarder, became China ’s youngest gold medalist in Hangzhou. The teenager, who is the Chinese national team ’s youngest athlete, won gold by scoring 242.62 points. Cui said winning this game means a lot to her. “I always wanted to win gold. This competition is different from other competitions, so I particularly wanted to win this one. ”
Asked if she was nervous before the competition, she shook her head and said, “My dad told me to stay relaxed, enjoy the competition and show my skills. As long as I give it my all, I have no regrets.”
Cui only took up skateboarding in 2020 when the COVID- 19 pandemic(大流行) did not allow her to practice rollerblading( 旱冰), which she began as a 3-year-old girl. Her father suggested that she should try skateboarding at home instead.
In skateboarding, injuries are unavoidable, but when discussing the pain and the difficulties, Cui said, “When I started skateboarding, I thought it was great fun. Later, I experienced a lot of injuries while skateboarding. But that is where the spirit of skateboarding lies. I will keep working hard.”
( ) 1 ．What does the underlined word “particularly ” in Paragraph 2 probably mean A ．Especially. B ．Recently. C ．Easily. D ．Luckily.
( ) 2 ．Why did Cui Chenxi start to learn skateboarding
A ．Because her father forced her to learn it.
B ．Because she can avoid injuries in skateboarding.
C ．Because she liked it when she was three years old.
D ．Because she could practice it at home during the COVID- 19 pandemic. ( ) 3 ．What ’s the main purpose of the last paragraph
A ．To tell the danger of skateboarding.
B ．To tell people skateboarding is not fun.
C ．To show the key to success is hard work.
D ．To show the difficulty of learning skateboarding.
( ) 4 ．According to the text, which of the following best describes(描述) Cui Chenxi
A ．Friendly. B ．Strong-minded. C ．Polite. D ．Easy-going.
( ) 5 ．What can be the best title for the text
A ．The Spirit of Skateboarding B ．Post-2000s Chinese Players
C ．The Hangzhou Asian Games D ．China ’s Youngest Gold Medalist
答案：ADCBB
（四）
At the age of 5, Laura Lee developed what most people would consider a strange hobby-collecting toilet rolls(卫生纸筒) ，which finally became a nationwide recycling movement in Singapore.
In 2018, 15-year-old Laura started ToiletRollSG, with the goal of collecting one ton of toilet rolls within a year. About two years later, Laura collected 860 kilograms. Besides, Laura went into partnership with waste management company Veolia. For every kilogram collected, the company gave 5 cents in
return, and then Laura donated the money to support social causes. That has encouraged many more students to join her. As a main organizer, she received a governmental EcoFriend Award in 2021.
When asked why she became interested in collecting toilet rolls, Laura explains,“They are convenient to collect, because they are made of only one material. Things like pens are more difficult to recycle, because they are made up of many different materials, which require more resources to separate." She hopes this movement will help encourage young people to cut down on the use of these single-use things, which will create a ripple effect (连锁反应).
What's more , Laura often gives public speeches about recycling at local schools. But because of COVID- 19, she has to give up face- to-face communication, and instead use the Internet to call attention to different environmental issues. “ Start small, be kind, and know that your actions go a long way," Laura states.
( ) 1. What did most people first think of Laura's hobby
A. Creative. B. Expensive. C. Interesting. D. Strange.
( ) 2. Why did Laura become interested in collecting toilet rolls
A. Because it could help her earn money for her study.
B. Because it could make her an organizer and famous.
C. Because toilet rolls are easier to collect and separate.
D. Because toilet rolls can be reused, recycled resold.
( ) 3.What does the underlined word “donated” in Paragraph2 mean in Chinese
A.接受 B.维护 C.捐赠 D.储存
( ) 4. Which of the following is TRUE according to this text
A. In 2020, Laura succeeded in creating ToiletRollSG.
B. This recycling movement hasn't been accepted by the public yet.
C. The money Laura got from Veolia was given away to social causes.
D. Because of COVID- 19,Laura gave up the issues and had online classes.
( ) 5. What can we learn from Laura's story
A. A hobby can also play a big role. B. The path to success is not always smooth. C. Protecting the environment isn't our business. D. One tree can not make a forest.
答案： DCCCA
（五）
Hangzhou hosts the 19th Asian Games from September 23rd to October 8th, 2023. The Games are very “smart” thanks to the use of many exciting technologies.
The place for the tennis finals is sometimes called the “ Small Lotus （莲花） ”. On the top of the stadium（体育场）, there are eight “petals”（花瓣）. Each petal weighs 160 tons. They can open and close freely. It takes 15 minutes for each petal to open and close. It’s built this way for different kinds of weather.
What if there’s an accident during the game and the athletes need first aid（急救） Drones（无人机） can be used to send things over. They can fly as far as 20 kilometers and travel 16 meters in one second.
Every dish at the Asian Games should be safe and healthy to eat. In the kitchen of the athletes ’ village in Hangzhou, there is a special system that can tell people’s faces. If a “stranger” goes into the kitchen, an alarm will go off to let people know.
Do you want to walk around at the stadiums but can’t make it in person You can try the Hangzhou Asian Games ’ metaverse（元宇宙）! You can try it with an app on Alipay（支付宝）. Inside, it’s like an online cartoon world. You can enjoy the charm（魅力）of the stadiums both from the outside and inside.
It will be sad if you can’t find your way. Augmented reality（AR, 增强现实）is here to help. There’s a mini-program called the Hangzhou Asian Games AR service. You can simply turn on your phone’s camera, and it will see where you are and then show you the way.
根据短文内容，从题中所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
( ) 1. What is the “ Small Lotus” designed for
A. Making the stadium hold more people. B. Dealing with different weather conditions.
C. Presenting the timetable for sporting events.D. Helping drones provide first aid more quickly. ( ) 2. Why is an alarm set in the kitchen
A. To make sure the food is safe. B. To test whether dishes are fresh.
C. To remind cooks to prepare food. D. To prevent fire accidents during cooking. ( ) 3. What can you do in Hangzhou Asian Games ’ metaverse
A. Enter the cartoon world online. B. Communicate with sports stars.
C. Enjoy the beauty of Hangzhou City. D. Experience the charm of the stadiums. ( ) 4. The AR service is more attractive to .
A. tennis fans B. camera lovers C. people who get lost D. players who get hurt
( ) 5. What is the best title for the passage
A. Stadiums Built for the Hangzhou Asian Games
B. Athletes ’Village for the Hangzhou Asian Games
C. Technologies Shine at the Hangzhou Asian Games
D. Special Ways to Watch the Hangzhou Asian Games
答案：BADCC
（六）
Hawaii Volcanoes National Park is a wonderful place to visit. Every year over one million people visit Hawaii Volcanoes National Park.
There are two of the world's most amazing volcanoes （火山） in it. One is among the most active volcanoes on the earth ，the other is one of the biggest mountains on the earth. Both of them are active volcanoes. Every day，on the island of Hawaii，lava（熔岩）comes out slowly from a volcano on the edge （边缘） of the ocean. When the lava cools ，it turns into rock and makes this island a little bigger. Visitors can see the land change before their eyes.
There are many interesting things to do in the park. It has lava tubes（隧道） that go to the sea. They are so big that visitors can walk through them. You can drive along a volcano or walk more than 150 miles（241 km） of trails （路径）.Biking along the volcano's paths and camping in the rainforest are also good choices.
Hawaii Volcanoes National Park is home to wildlife. There are hundreds of protected animals ，such as turtles ，bats ，insects ，and many kinds of birds. The park also has many protected plants and trees. Almost all of its plants are found only in Hawaii. Many plants have lived in and around the volcanoes for
years.
Enjoy——but watch your step! It's almost impossible to know when a volcano will erupt （喷 发）.However，when the volcanoes possibly erupt，parts of the park close. This special park is never quiet for long.
( ) 1. In the park ，visitors can .
1 drive through lava tubes ②walk more than 150 miles of trails
③bike along the volcano's paths ④camp in the rainforest
A.①②③ B. ②③④ C. ①②④ D. ①③④
( ) 2. Which statement is right？
A. Visitors can know when a volcano will erupt.
B. There are many protected animals in the park.
C. Almost all of the plants in the park can grow in other place.
D. The whole park will be closed if the volcanoes erupt.
( ) 3.What does the underlined sentence mean？
A. The visitors are noisy. B. Animals are everywhere.
C. The volcanoes often erupt. D. Too many cars are in the park.
( ) 4.The author wrote the passage mainly to .
A. tell people the volcanoes in Hawaii Volcanoes National Park
B. introduce what people can do in Hawaii Volcanoes National Park
C. tell people the wildlife of Hawaii Volcanoes National Park
D. give an introduction to Hawaii Volcanoes National Park
( ) 5.The passage is probably from .
A. a novel B. a magazine C. a storybook D.an advertisement
【答案】1-5 BCCDB
（七）
One day last month, Antony Aumann, a professor in the United States, was grading essays ( 论 文)for his course. While he was reading the "best paper in the class ，"a red "warning" flag suddenly went up. Later, Aumann asked the student whether he had written the essay himself. The student shook his head. He said that he used ChatGPT, a chatbot that is able to answer questions as well as write emails, poems and essays.
Since artificial intelligence (AI, 人 工 智 能 ）lab OpenAI released ChatGPT last November, the chatbot has enjoyed huge welcome. Students are using it to do their homework for them. All over the world, professors like Aumann are redesigning their courses because of this. Some have decided to include more oral exams and handwritten papers. Professors are instead designing questions that they hope will be too clever for chatbots. Some are asking students to write about their own lives.
Many schools, however, are unwilling to ban( 禁 止 ) the use of ChatGPT altogether. they don't believe a ban would be effective. Students will find ways to use ChatGPT if they want to. Students and teachers should learn to make proper use of it.
Some students have started learning how to work alongside AI tools. Lizzie is a student at the University of Pennsylvania. She uses ChatGPT to quickly produce a large number of possibly useful ideas for her papers. She then thinks over these ideas and decides what to include in her papers and what not to include. The student always writes her papers herself. “With AI tools, I won't have to spin my wheels," she said. “But I am also not going to be relying on them to do everything for me.”
( )1. When Antony Aumann was reading the “best paper in the class," a red “warning” flag suddenly went up because the paper .
A. was perfect B. was not handed in on time
C. had a few serious mistakes in it D. had probably been written by AI
( )2. According to the article, when did Open AI release ChatGPT
A. In2021. B. In November 2022.
C. One day last month. D. In the first half of last year.
( )3. Professors have tried to prevent their students from using ChatGPT by asking them to . ① write about their own lives
② design questions too clever for students to answer
③ write their papers using pen and paper
④write about the weaknesses of AI tools
A.①② B.③④ C.①③ D.②④
( ) 4. The underlined “spin my wheels” in the last paragraph is similar to .
A ．waste my time or effort B. waste my talent or youth
C ．waste my power or space D ．waste my money or energy
( )5. The article is mainly about .
A. why using AI tools can be harmful to students
B. why many schools are not banning AI tools altogether
C. how students can understand the importance of AI tools
D. how students and teachers are dealing with the arrival of AI tools
【答案】1-5 DBCAD
（八）
Birds are building their nests (巢) with rubbish, said a new study. The rubbish includes cigarette butts (烟头) and plastic bags.
A group of European scientists looked into about 35,000 studies on bird nests. They found that birds have used man-made things in nests almost everywhere on Earth except Antarctica.
Some rubbish seems to be helpful. This is why birds “like” putting it in their nests. For example, cigarette butts have some chemicals, so they can keep insects away and protect the chicks. Plastic bags are useful in keeping the animals warm, and other hard things, such as paper cards, can make nests stronger.
However, in the end, human rubbish may only bring more harm to birds. The toxic ( 有 毒 的 ) chemicals in cigarettes hurt the chicks. The chicks may get sick or have shorter lives, according to a 2014 study.
To make matters worse, if the cigarette still burns when the bird brings it back to its home, it may set fire to the nest. Pieces of fishing net may also trap (缠住) birds, and it’s impossible for them to get out by themselves. If the chicks eat other kinds of rubbish by accident, they will also get hurt. Our friends in the air are feeling the bad effects of humans polluting the environment.
( ) 1. What did the European scientists find
A. Some people help birds build their nests. B. There is rubbish in the nests of many birds.
C. There is almost no bird living in Antarctica. D. Birds can help clean the environment. ( ) 2. How can cigarette butts “help” birds
A. They can burn other harmful rubbish. B. They can make nests stronger.
C. They can stop insects from getting close. D. They can keep birds warm.
( ) 3. What are the last two paragraphs mainly about
A. The activities of birds in their nests. B. The pollution humans make in the environment.
C. The reasons for the death of young birds. D. The bad sides of rubbish in bird nests. ( ) 4. How should we consider birds nesting with rubbish
A. Human activities can help animals. B. It shows the friendship between birds and humans.
C. It hurts more than it helps. D. It’s good for birds in the long run. ( ) 5. What’s the best title for this passage
A. Time to save the birds B. Nesting with danger
C. The dangerous rubbish D. Birds - our good friends
答案：BCDCB
（九）
短文还原：根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺， 内容完整。并将其标号填写在下面的横线上。
1. Whether these moments are surprising or challenging, we all need to face them bravely. Then, how can we students face those properly
Take a deep breath.
2. We can breathe deeply through our nose, and then blow slowly through our mouth. This can be a great way to help us feel calm
Be creative.
If we fail to express ourselves, we can turn to artistic outlets （艺术表现途径）. For example, we can color, paint, or keep diaries. 3. These creative endeavors（努力）can serve as a productive form of communication.
Do some reading.
We can get good advice through reading. Good books are good friends. They can help us feel better after a busy day.4.
5.
If we often practise negative self-talk, we will think negatively about ourselves. So we’d better talk to ourselves in a positive way. By consciously（有意识地）speaking to ourselves in a positive manner, we can foster a more optimistic outlook and build a positive attitude in the face of unexpected challenges.
Shall we try these ways when we face unexpected moments.
A. These can help us share our thoughts and feelings. B. Life is full of unexpected（始料不及的）moments. C. Breathing exercise can help relax us in both mind and body. D. Practise positive self-talk. E. They can also open up a whole new world to us. 1.
答案：BCAED
（十）
A mind map is basically a tool that connects information around a central subject. It can help you
make a knowledge bank to solve problems. A student recently said, “I thought mind mapping would take a lot of time to do but in fact it saves me time. 1
How to make a mind map Now follow these steps for making wonderful mind maps.
2 Why？Because starting in the center lets your brain spread out in all directions and express itself more freely and naturally.
Use a picture for your central idea. Why Because a picture is worth a thousand words and helps you use your imagination. 3 It helps get your attention and makes you work excitedly!
Connect your main branches(分支）to the central picture and connect your second-and-third-level branches to the first and second levels, etc. Why Because your brain works by
connection. 4 If you connect the branches, you will understand and remember a lot more easily.
Use one key word every line. Why Because every single key word can make you learn more clearly and easily.
5 Why Because each picture, just like the central picture, is also worth a thousand words. So ，if you have 10 pictures in your mind map, they are already worth 10,000 words of notes.
Try to use more colors. Why Because colors are as exciting to your brain as pictures. Color adds great energy to your creative thinking, and is fun!
A. Start in the center of a page. B. Use pictures as many as possible. C. A central picture is more interesting. D. I don’t have to read my notes over and over again. E. It likes to connect two, or three, or four things together.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
答案：DACEB