2023-2024学年八年级英语下册重难单词短语句型强化练（牛津译林版）
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
目录
一、根据汉语提示完成句子。
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
三、根据首字母提示完成句子。
四、选词填空
（一）
（二）
五、完成句子
六、完成句子之句型转换。
七、短文填空
一、根据汉语提示完成句子。
1．This plan will win the support of many people, (尤其) in today’s China.
【答案】especially
【详解】句意：这个计划将赢得许多人的支持，特别是在今天的中国。根据中文提示可知，此处需要一个副词，用来加强语气，especially“尤其”符合句意，故填especially。
2．You’d better take some (药物) with you when you made a trip.
【答案】medicine
【详解】句意：外出旅行时，你最好随身带些药。medicine“药物”，不可数名词，故填medicine。
3．Two new (秘书) are coming tomorrow morning.
【答案】secretaries
【详解】句意：两位新秘书明天早上来。secretary“秘书”，可数名词，根据two可知，此空应填复数名词，故填secretaries。
4． (印度) is in the south of Asia.
【答案】India
【详解】句意：印度在亚洲南部。“印度”译为India，国家名。故填India。
5．You’d better (培养) interest in English.
【答案】develop
【详解】句意：你最好培养对英语的兴趣。根据句意和语境推测，develop意为“培养”，符合题意。另外，you’d better意为“你最好”，后接动词原形。故填develop。
6．—This new sports car is on sale now. Will you take one
—Sorry. I can’t (买得起) it.
【答案】afford
【详解】句意：——这辆新跑车现在正在出售。你要一个吗？——对不起。我买不起。afford“买得起”，动词；又因空前有情态动词“can’t”，其后跟动词原形。故填afford。
7．Since we are in need of （药）now, we should ask for people’s help.
【答案】medicine
【详解】句意：既然我们现在需要药物，我们应该寻求人们的帮助。in need of sth“需要某物”，空格处应为名词；medicine“药”，通常为不可数名词。故填medicine。
8．The boy was (治疗) in time and he is safe now.
【答案】treated
【详解】句意：这个男孩被及时治疗，现在他安全了。treat“治疗”，是动词，主语the boy与谓语treat之间是被动关系，谓语用被动语态，故填treated。
9．These engineers successfully (开发) a new kind of energy-saving car last year.
【答案】developed
【详解】句意：去年，这些工程师成功地开发了一种新型节能汽车。develope“开发”，动词，根据“last year”可知，时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填developed。
10．I saw two police (官员) standing at the corner of the street.
【答案】officers
【详解】句意：我看到两位警官站在街角。根据句意和汉语提示可知，横线处填名词作宾语。officer表示“官员”前面有“two”修饰，因此要用复数officers。故填officers。
11．Please give the (病人)some soft food. They have just finished their operations.
【答案】patients
【详解】句意：请给病人一些软性食物。他们刚刚完成手术。根据“They have just finished their operations.”可知，此处是说病人们。patient“病人”，此处用复数形式，故填patients。
12．Jane was so scared that she looked (苍白的)when she saw the tiger.
【答案】pale
【详解】句意：Jane看到老虎时吓得脸色苍白。根据“Jane was so scared ”可知，此处是看起来苍白，look是连系动词，后加形容词，pale“苍白的”，故填pale。
13．We (举行) the show last Friday. It was a big success.
【答案】held
【详解】句意：我们上周五举办了这场演出。这是一个巨大的成功。hold“举行”，是动词，根据“last Friday”可知，此处用一般过去时，故填held。
14．The school helped (建立) up the organization to help poor students.
【答案】set
【详解】句意：这所学校帮助成立了帮助贫困学生的组织。 根据“The school helped…(建立) up the organization to help poor students.”可知，本题考查短语“帮助（某人）做某事”help (sb) do sth，其后需接动词原形。“建立”set，是动词。故填set。
15．I think the (医疗的) level in the city is better than that in the countryside.
【答案】medical
【详解】句意：我认为城市的医疗水平比农村好。“医疗的”为medical，是形容词，在句中作定语修饰名词，故填medical。
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
16．Most cases of (blind) can be cured or prevented.
【答案】blindness
【详解】句意： 大多数失明病例是可以治愈或预防的。分析句子结构可知，本句是名词短语做主语。空前的of是介词，后需接名词。blind是形容词，意为“失明的”；其名词形式为blindness，且是不可数名词。故填bilndness。
17．—Do you know the (interview) on TV
—Of course. He is Sa Beining from CCTV.
【答案】interviewer
【详解】句意：——你知道电视上那个采访者吗？——当然。他是中央电视台的撒贝宁。定冠词the后接名词。根据“Sa Beining from CCTV”可知他是主持人，在此是采访者，应用动词interview的名词interviewer来表示，此处用单数形式。故填interviewer。
18．A lot of money (raise) to provide poor children with food and clothes every November.
【答案】is raised
【详解】句意：每年十一月都会筹集大量资金为贫困儿童提供食物和衣服。根据“every November”可知句子应用一般现在时。主语A lot of money与动词raise存在逻辑上的被动关系，因此应用一般现在时的被动语态，其谓语结构为：am/is/are+过去分词。主语A lot of money为不可数名词，be动词应用is，动词raise的过去分词为raised。故填is raised。
19．What he said (sound) great.
【答案】sounds
【详解】句意：他说的听起来不错。根据“What he said”可知，此句是一个主语从句，时态宜用一般现在时，主语从句看作第三人称单数，因此sounds符合句意。故填sounds。
20．—Who is that little boy in the photo, Oscar
—Oh, it’s me! This photo (take) when I was five years old.
【答案】was taken
【详解】句意：——Oscar，在照片里的那个男孩是谁？——哦，是我！这张照片是我五岁时拍的。主语photo与动词take之间是被动关系，且结合was可知，此处用一般过去时被动语态，主语是单数形式，助动词用was，故填was taken。
21．He was refused by the girl because of his (blind).
【答案】blindness
【详解】句意：他因失明而被女孩拒绝了。blind“失明的”，形容词。此空位于形容词性物主代词his后，应用名词blindness“失明”。故填blindness。
22．On the plane, volunteer doctors can perform (operate).
【答案】operations
【详解】句意：在飞机上，志愿者医生可以进行手术。operate“手术”，动词，此处应用名词。operation“手术”，名词，此处应用复数表示泛指。故填operations。
23．We are all (pride) of the success of Shenzhou X.
【答案】proud
【详解】句意：我们都为神舟十号的成功感到骄傲。pride“骄傲”，名词，此空是作表语，应用形容词proud“自豪的”，故填proud。
24．All the children (bring) back to their parents yesterday after the police found them.
【答案】were brought
【详解】句意：昨天，所有孩子在警察发现他们后都被带回他们父母身边。根据“All the children...back to their parents yesterday after the police found them.”和提示词汇可知，昨天孩子们被警察带回来了，时态为一般过去时，语态为被动，用“be+过去分词”的形式，主语是All the children，第三人称复数，be动词用过去式were，brought为动词bring“带来”的过去分词。故填were brought。
25．This book (include) fifty maps and six of them are about North America.
【答案】includes
【详解】句意：这本书包含50幅地图，且其中6幅是关于北美洲的。句中缺少谓语动词，结合“are”可知用一般现在时，主语“The book”后接动词第三人称单数形式。故填includes。
26．ORBIS uses a (fly) eye hospital to visit poor countries.
【答案】flying
【详解】句意：ORBIS用飞行眼科医院访问贫穷国家。空格在不定冠词和单数名词之间，填形容词；flying“飞行的”。故填flying。
27．As doctors, they must try their best to treat （patient）diseases.
【答案】patients’
【详解】句意：作为医生，他们必须尽力治疗病人的疾病。根据句意可知，patient意为“病人”，可数名词，在句中表示的是复数意义，应用“patients”；此处指的是“病人的疾病”，因此要将patient变为所有格形式patients’。故填patients’。
28．Dr Black felt tired because he had two (operate) yesterday.
【答案】operations
【详解】句意：布莱克医生觉得很累，因为他昨天做了两台手术。根据“Dr Black felt tired because he had two … yesterday.”可知，此处指做了两台手术，operation“手术”，可数名词，数词two后应为复数operations。故填operations。
29．They (most) live far away from the town centre.
【答案】mostly
【详解】句意：他们大多数住在离市中心很远的地方。分析句子成分可知，空格处缺少副词修饰谓语动词live，mostly“大部分”，副词。故填mostly。
30．Tai Mahal (泰姬陵) in (Indian) is well-known as the 7th wonder of the world.
【答案】India
【详解】句意：印度的泰姬陵被誉为世界第七大奇迹。空格在介词后填名词；India“印度”。故填India。
31．— Did you notice her enter the office just now
— No. I (repair) my computer all the time.
【答案】was repairing
【详解】句意：——你刚才注意到她走进办公室了吗？ ——没有。我一直在修我的电脑。根据问句“Did you notice her enter the office just now ”可知，问的是过去某一时刻发生的事情，故应用过去进行时，即“was/were +现在分词”，主语为“I”，故be动词应用was，动词repair应用现在分词形式。故填was repairing。
32．Think hard and you (come) up with some good ideas.
【答案】will come
【详解】句意：好好想想，你就会想出一些好主意。根据题干可知，此句结构为“祈使句+and+含有一般将来时的陈述句”，表示结果（即陈述句所表示的内容为前面祈使句内容的结果）；一般将来时的结构为“will+动词原形”，come up with“想出”。故填will come。
33．Many trees (plant) in my hometown every year.
【答案】are planted
【详解】句意：我的家乡每年都种很多树。根据“every year”可知，句子时态为一般现在时；plant“种植”，动词，和主语“many trees”为被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态“are/is+过去分词”，主语为复数，助动词用are。故填are planted。
34．Mr Smith is proud (have) such a good car.
【答案】of having/to have
【详解】句意：史密斯先生为拥有这么好的汽车而感到骄傲。固定短语be proud of doing sth/be proud to do sth“做某事感到自豪”。故填of having/to have。
35．—Your watch looks very beautiful.
—Thank you. It （send）to me as a birthday present by my uncle.
【答案】was sent
【详解】句意：——你的手表看起来很漂亮。——谢谢。 这是我叔叔送给我的生日礼物。分析句子可知，句子的时态是一般过去时，语态是被动语态，“It”指的是礼物，在句中作主语，be动词用单数“was”；send的过去分词形式为“sent”。故填was sent。
36．Mrs Green (teach) English in a secondary school for many years.
【答案】has taught
【详解】句意：格林夫人已经在一所中学教英语很多年了。 根据“for many years”可知，此处应用现在完成时have/has done的结构，主语Mrs Green是第三人称单数，助动词用has，teach的过去分词是taught，故填has taught。
37．This is the only way I can think of (work) out the problem.
【答案】to work
【详解】句意：这是我能想到的解决这个问题的唯一方法。此处填不定式作定语修饰way。故填to work。
38．All the buses (be) late because of the bad weather yesterday.
【答案】were
【详解】句意：昨天因为恶劣的天气，所有的公交车都晚了。be“是”，主语all the buses是复数形式，谓语用复数形式，根据“yesterday”可知，此处用一般过去时，故填were。
39．I wasn’t used to （share）a room with others before.
【答案】sharing
【详解】句意：我以前不习惯和别人共用一个房间。be used to doing sth.“习惯于做某事”，空格处为share“共用”的动名词形式sharing。故填sharing。
40．A charity show may （hold）to help the people in trouble.
【答案】be held
【详解】句意：可能会举办一场慈善演出来帮助有困难的人。hold“举行”，和主语“a charity show”为被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态“助动词be+过去分词”，hold的过去分词为held，may为情态动词，后接助动词原形be。故填be held。
41．Alice, as well as her brothers, (see) (play) basketball in the park at 5 p.m. yesterday.
【答案】 was seen playing
【详解】句意：昨天下午5点，有人看见爱丽丝和她的兄弟们在公园里打篮球。分析句子可知，主语和动词see之间是被动关系，表示“被看见”。as well as连接并列主语，谓语动词采用“就远原则”，即和Alice一致，由“yesterday”可知，be动词用was，see的过去分词为seen。结合“at 5 p.m. yesterday.”可知，此处是短语see sb doing sth“看到某人正在做某事”，强调动作的正在进行。故填was seen；playing。
42．I think treatment in the city is better than in the countryside.（medicine）
【答案】medical
【详解】句意：我认为城市的医疗条件比农村好。medicine“药”，是名词，此处是作定语修饰名词treatment，应用medical“医疗的”，故填medical。
43．After every detail was (check), Shenzhou-14 manned spaceship was sent up into space on June 5, 2022.
【答案】checked
【详解】句意：在检查了所有细节后，神舟十四号载人飞船于2022年6月5日发射升空。主语every detail与动词check之间是被动关系，此空应填过去分词与was构成一般过去时被动语态，故填checked。
44．Which of the (secretary) idea is similar to the general manager’s
【答案】secretaries’
【详解】句意：哪个秘书的想法和总经理的相似？根据语境“Which of the”可知，这里要用名词复数，由句意可知，这里表示哪个“秘书的”想法，所以用所有格形式，secretaries的所有格是secretaries’。故填secretaries’。
三、根据首字母提示完成句子。
45．Many foreigners enjoy Chinese fashion, e the Tang costume.
【答案】(e)specially
【详解】句意：许多外国人喜欢中国的时尚，尤其是唐装。根据“Many foreigners enjoy Chinese fashion...the Tang costume.”可知很多外国人尤其喜欢唐装，表示强调用副词especially“尤其”。故填(e)specially。
46．Some families in poor areas can’t even a enough food for three meals.
【答案】(a)fford
【详解】句意：一些贫困地区的家庭甚至买不起三餐的食物。根据“poor areas”以及“enough food”结合首字母可知是指承担不起，应用动词afford，情态动词后加动词原形。故填(a)fford。
47．David was p by his parents for playing computer games all day long.
【答案】(p)unished
【详解】句意：David因为玩了一整天电脑游戏被他的父母惩罚了。根据“for playing computer games all day long”并结合首字母可知punish“惩罚”符合语境，而主语David和谓语动词punish之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态，其谓语结构为“be+done”，故填(p)unished。
48．Starship, produced by Elon Musk’s company Space X, was planned to be launched on April 17, but was d due to fuel problems.
【答案】(d)elayed
【详解】句意：由埃隆·马斯克的公司Space X生产的星际飞船原计划于4月17日发射，但由于燃料问题而被推迟。根据“but was d… due to fuel problems.”和首字母可知，因燃料问题而被推迟。delay意为“推迟”，主语“Starship”与“delayed”之间存在被动关系，此处应用被动语态，结构为be done。故填(d)elayed。
49．The sea is very beautiful, e when the sky is blue and the sun shines.
【答案】(e)specially
【详解】句意：大海非常美丽，尤其是当天空蔚蓝，阳光普照的时候。根据“when the sky is blue and the sun shines.”和首字母可知，此处是突出强调天空蔚蓝和阳光普照的时候很美，especially“尤其是”符合语境，副词修饰整个句子。故填(e)specially。
50．The iphone X is very beautiful, but it’s too expensive. So I can’t a it.
【答案】(a)fford
【详解】句意：iphone X非常漂亮，但是它非常昂贵。所以我买不起它。根据“it’s too expensive”可知它非常昂贵，因此我支付不起它，情态动词can’t后接动词原形，afford表示“付得起”，故填(a)fford。
四、选词填空
（一）
queue check devote receive train
51．—Why didn’t you see the red light and stop your car at once
—Sorry, sir. I the map at that moment and didn’t notice it.
52．Many students flowers after this year’s college entrance examination, and it was really a big surprise to them.
53．As a top player, Daniel hard to improve his physical strength over the past six years.
54．If I am the monitor, I myself to doing all the extra work for my class.
55．Look! Many people to buy milk tea in the mall. It must be delicious.
【答案】51．was checking 52．had received 53．has trained 54．will devote 55．are queuing
【解析】51．句意：——你为什么没有看到红灯而立即停车呢？——对不起，警官。那时我正在看地图而没有注意到它。根据“the map”可知，此处表示在查地图，check“检查”，根据“at that moment”可知，此处用过去进行时，主语I是第一人称单数形式，谓语用单数形式，故填was cheking。
52．句意：在今年的高考之后很多学生都收到了鲜花，这对他们来说真是个大惊喜。根据“after this year’s college entrance examination and it was really a big surprise to them.”可知，高考后，给他们带来惊喜的，应是他们收到了鲜花，receive“收到”，根据“was”可知，表示发生过的事，先收到鲜花，然后感到惊喜，因此用过去完成时，故填had received。
53．句意：作为一名顶尖选手，Daniel在过去的六年里一直努力训练来提高自己的体力 。根据“to improve his physical strength”可知，要提高自己的体力，应是要努力训练，train“训练”，根据“over the past six years”可知，此处用现在
完成时，主语Daniel是第三人称单数形式，谓语用第三人称单数形式，故填has trained。
54．句意：如果我是班长，我全身心地为我的班级做所有额外的工作。devote oneself to doing sth“全身心地做某事”，if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，故填will devote。
55．句意：看！很多人在商场里排队买奶茶。它一定很好喝。根据“to buy milk tea in the mall.”可知，在商场里买奶茶的很多人在排队，queue“排队”，根据“Look”可知，此处用现在进行时，主语many people是复数形式，谓语用复数形式，故填are queuing。
（二）
从方框中选择恰当的词、短语或音标的正确形式填空（每个词、短语或音标仅用一次）。
litter blind [ra t] in some ways interview hand out hold explain pale polite
56．The Special Olympics World Games every two years.
57．He has night , so he is unable to see anything at night.
58．Look at the purse on the ground. Maybe it is one of those .
59．Put the waste things into the rubbish bin instead of everywhere.
60．Her face turned than before after hearing the terrible news.
61． , Gu Ailin is more like a fashion model.
62．In summer vacation, we have enough time the leaflets on time.
63．Nobody likes Mary in our class because she always talks to others .
64．I still can’t work out the maths problem though Mr Tao it to me twice.
65．“Every child has a to education. You must send your daughter to school,” a policeman said to a young father.
【答案】
56．are held 57．blindness 58．interviewers’ 59．littering 60．paler 61．In some ways 62．to hand out 63．impolitely 64．has explained 65．right
【解析】56．句意：世界特殊奥林匹克运动会每两年举行一次。根据“The Special Olympics World Games”和备选词可知，此处指举行运动会，hold“举行”符合语境；复数主语“Games”和动词hold是被动关系，且此句为事实陈述，应用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为are done。故填are held。
57．句意：他有夜盲症，所以他在晚上什么也看不见。根据“he is unable to see anything at night.”可知，在晚上什
么也看不见，即夜盲症，blind“失明的”符合语境，此处应用不可数名词blindness“失明”作宾语。故填blindness。
58．句意：看看地上的钱包。也许是其中一个采访者的。根据“Look at the purse on the ground. Maybe it is one of those...”和备选词可知，此处指钱包是采访者的，interviewer“采访者”符合语境；“those”后接复数名词interviewers，且应用所有格形式interviewers’修饰省略的名词purse。故填interviewers’。
59．句意：把垃圾放进垃圾桶，而不是到处乱扔垃圾。“instead of”表示前后动作相反，与“Put the waste things into the rubbish”相反的是“乱扔垃圾”，litter“乱扔”符合语境；介词of后接动名词形式。故填littering。
60．句意：听到这个可怕的消息后，她的脸色变得比以前更苍白了。根据“hearing the terrible news.”和备选词可知，听到可怕的消息，她脸色苍白，pale“苍白的”符合语境；空后有“than”，此处应用形容词的比较级paler作表语。故填paler。
61．句意：在某种程度上，谷爱凌更像是一个时尚模特。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少状语，应用介词短语in some ways“在某种程度上”作状语。故填In some ways。
62．句意：在暑假里，我们有足够的时间按时分发传单。根据“the leaflets”和备选词可知，此处指分发传单，hand out“分发”符合语境；have enough time to do sth“有足够的时间去做某事”。故填to hand out。
63．句意：我们班没有人喜欢玛丽，因为她总是不礼貌地和别人说话。根据“Nobody likes Mary in our class because she always talks to others...”和备选词可知，没有人喜欢玛丽是因为她和别人说话时不礼貌，polite的反义词impolite“不礼貌的”符合语境；此处应用副词形式impolitely修饰动词“talks”。故填impolitely。
64．句意：尽管陶老师给我解释了两遍，我还是解不出这道数学题。根据“I still can’t work out the maths problem though Mr Tao...it to me twice.”和备选词可知，此处指老师给“我”解释了两遍，“我”还是没懂，explain“解释”符合语境；根据“twice”可知，此句应用现在完成时，主语“Mr Tao”为第三人称单数，结构为has done。故填has explained。
65．句意：“每个孩子都有受教育的权利。你必须送你的女儿去上学，”一位警察对一位年轻的父亲说。根据“Every child has a...to education.”和备选词可知，此处应用短语have a right to...“有……的权利”，表示“有受教育的权利”。故填right。
五、完成句子
翻译句子
66．昨天的那辆二手车被卖掉了。
That yesterday.
67．试卷刚才已经分发了。
The papers just now.
68．乐施会是什么时候创办的？
When was Oxfam
69．去年在数学老师的帮助下，我的数学水平得到了提高。
of the maths teacher, my maths last year.
70．现在，汉语在世界上用得越来越广泛了。
Now, Chinese around the world.
71．如果更多的森林被保护，野生动物将有更多的生存空间。
Wildlife will have more living space .
72．老师经常鼓励我们多说英语。
We our teacher.
73．学生会经常举办活动。
Activities the Students’ Union.
74．这本书谁写的呢？
Who this book
75．每年这儿种植很多树。
Many trees here every year.
【答案】
66．second-hand car was sold 67．were given out 68．set up 69． With the help was improved 70．is used more and more widely 71．if more forests are protected 72．are often encouraged to speak more English by 73．are often organized by 74． was written by 75．are planted
【解析】66．那辆二手车that second-hand car；被卖掉了be sold。yesterday用于一般过去时，that second-hand car是单数第三人称，助动词需用was；根据句意结构和中英文提示，可知填second-hand car was sold。
67．分发give out。just now刚才，用于一般过去时；The papers是复数人称，又是动词give的受动者，需用“were given”表示被动语态结构。根据句意结构和中英文提示，可知填were given out。
68．创办set up。“was + done”表示被动语态结构；根据句意结构和中英文提示，可知填set up。
69．去年last year，用于一般过去时，动词需用过去式；在……的帮助下with the help of；提高improve，和单数人称my maths是被动关系，需用“was improved”表示被动语态结构。句首单词的首字母需大写，根据句意结构和中英文提示，可知填(1). With the help (2). was improved。
70．使用use；越来越广泛more and more widely。Chinese是单数第三人称，是动词use的受动者，需用“be + done”被动语态结构；根据时间状语now和中英文提示，可知填is used more and more widely。
71．如果if，表条件；更多的森林more forests；被保护be protected。本句是条件状语从句more forests是复数人称，系词需用are；根据句意结构和中英文提示，可知填if more forests are protected。
72．经常often，用于一般现在时；鼓励encourage；多说英语speak more English。我们we是动词encourage的受动者，需用“are encouraged”被动结构；encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励（某人）去做（某事）；被（某人）by sb.；根据句意结构和中英文提示，可知填are often encouraged to speak more English by。
73．经常often，用于一般现在时；举办organize；被（某人）by sb.。Activities（活动）是复数人称，又是动词organize的受动者，需用“are organized”被动语态结构。根据句意结构和中英文提示，可知填are often organized by。
74．写write。this book是单数第三人称，和动词write是被动关系，需用“be + done”被动结构；被（某人）by sb.。根据句意语境，可知write这个动作发生在过去，句中需用一般过去时，故填(1). was (2). written by。
75．种植plant。every year用于一般现在时；trees是复数人称，和动词plant是被动关系，需用“are planted”被动结构。根据句意结构和中英文提示，可知填are planted。
六、完成句子之句型转换。
将下列句子改为被动语态
76．Li lei looks after the baby very well.
77．His mother heard a strange noise last night.
78．Edison invented a lot of useful and important things.
79．She often sings English songs.
80．The teacher gave his students many books yesterday.
【答案】76．The baby is looked after very well by Li Lei. 77．A strange noise was heard by his mother last night. 78．A lot of useful and important things were invented by Edison. 79．English songs are often sung by her. 80．Many books were given to the students by the teacher yesterday./The students were given many books by the teacher yesterday.
【解析】76．被动语态的句子结构是“主语（动作承受者，即主动语态的宾语）+be+谓语动词的过去分词+by+宾语（动作执行者，即主动语态的主语）”。主动语态中，主语是Li lei，谓语动词是look，宾语是the baby；故被
语态中，主语是the baby，谓语动词的过去分词是looked，宾语是Li lei。故填The baby is looked after very well by Li Lei.
77．被动语态的句子结构是“主语（动作承受者，即主动语态的宾语）+be+谓语动词的过去分词+by+宾语（动作执行者，即主动语态的主语）”。主动语态中，主语是his mother，谓语动词是hear，宾语是a strange noise；故被语态中，主语是a strange noise，谓语动词的过去分词是heard，宾语是his mother。故填A strange noise was heard by his mother last night.
78．被动语态的句子结构是“主语（动作承受者，即主动语态的宾语）+be+谓语动词的过去分词+by+宾语（动作执行者，即主动语态的主语）”。主动语态中，主语是Edison，谓语动词是invent，宾语是a lot of useful and important things；故被语态中，主语是a lot of useful and important things（复数，故be是were），谓语动词的过去分词是invented，宾语是Edison。故填A lot of useful and important things were invented by Edison.
79．被动语态的句子结构是“主语（动作承受者，即主动语态的宾语）+be+谓语动词的过去分词+by+宾语（动作执行者，即主动语态的主语）”。主动语态中，主语是she，谓语动词是sing，宾语是English songs；故被语态中，主语是English songs（复数，故be是are），谓语动词的过去分词是sung，宾语是her。故填English songs are often sung by her.
80．主语（动作承受者，即主动语态的宾语）+be+谓语动词的过去分词+by+宾语（动作执行者，即主动语态的主语）”。give sb. sth./give sth. to sb. 给某人某物。主动语态中，主语是the teacher，谓语动词是give，直接宾语是many books，间接宾语是his students；故被语态中，主语是many books（复数，故be是were），谓语动词的过去分词是given，宾语是the teacher。（或：被语态中，主语是the students（复数，故be是were），谓语动词的过去分词是given，宾语是the teacher)。故填Many books were given to the students by the teacher yesterday./The students were given many books by the teacher yesterday.
句型转换
81．Japanese cameras are sold in this shop. (改为否定句)
Japanese camera in this shop.
82．I was told to take my own food. (改为一般疑问句)
to take your own food
83．Many animals’ fur is used for making clothes. (对画线部分提问)
many animals’ fur
84．The pig called Strong Pig was trapped under the bricks for 36 days. (对画线部分提问)
the pig called Strong Pig under the bricks
85．Princess Laura was caught by an evil witch. (改为主动语态)
An evil witch Princess Laura.
86．Many countries sell educational CD-ROMs. (改为被动语态)
Educational CD-ROMs many countries.
87．Chinese invented paper nearly two thousand years ago. (改写成被动语态)
Paper Chinese nearly two thousand years ago.
88．People play basketball all over the world. (改为被动语态)
Basketball all over the world.
89．He told us a funny story yesterday. (改为被动语态)
A funny story us by him yesterday.
90．He made me do that for him. (改为被动语态)
I that for him.
【答案】
81． aren’t sold 82． Were you told 83． What’s used for 84． How long was trapped 85．caught 86． are sold in 87． was invented by 88． is played 89． was told to 90． was made to do
【解析】81．原句是被动语态，系词are加not变为否定句。根据句意结构，可知填(1). aren’t (2). sold。
82．原句主语I在一般疑问句中需变为you，第二人称系词需用were。系词前置并大写首字母构成一般疑问句；根据句意结构，可知填(1). Were (2). you (3). told。
83．原句对making clothes划线，是问事情，需用what提问。根据句意结构，可知填(1). What’s (2). used (3). for。
84．原句对for 36 days划线，是问多长时间，需用how long提问。根据句意结构，可知填(1). How (2). long (3). was (4). trapped。
85．原句was caught是一般过去时的被动语态，主动语态动词需用过去式。根据句意结构，可知填caught。
86．Educational CD-ROMs（教育光盘，复数形式）是动词sell的受动者，需用“are sold”表示被动语态结构；in many countries在许多国家。根据句意结构，可知填(1). are (2). sold (3). in。
87．Paper（不可数名词）是动词invent的受动者，需用“was invented”表示被动语态结构；by Chinese被中国人。根据句意结构，可知填(1). was (2). invented (3). by。
88．Basketball是动词play的受动者，需用“is played”表示被动语态结构。根据句意结构，可知填(1). is (2). played。
89．A funny story（一个有趣的故事，单数第三人称）是动词tell的受动者，需用“was told”表示被动语态结构；to给，表对象；be told to sb. 被告知某人；根据句意结构，可知填(1). was (2). told (3). to。
90．原句宾语me在被动语态中变为主语I，是动词make的受动者，需用“was made”表示被动语态结构；固定短语make sb. do sth.在被动语态中需还原不定式符号to，即sb. be made to do。根据句意结构，可知填(1). was (2). made (3). to (4). do。
七、短文填空
The Cinderella story is a famous one Cinderella was living happily with her family when her mother died. Her father remarried. Cinderella’s new stepmother and two stepsisters t 91 her poorly. She had to wear old clothes and work hard w 92 the sisters wore beautiful clothes and had fun.
You know the r 93 of the story. A good fairy turned Cinderella’s old clothes into a beautiful dress. Cinderella went to a party and a prince f 94 in love with her. Cinderella left the party in such a h 95 that she left a glass slipper and the Prince used that to find her. F 96 Cinderella and the Prince married and lived happily ever after.
That’s one telling of the story, but the Cinderella fairy tale is found in many different countries. And Cinderella is not always a young l 97 . In an Irish story, a young gentleman, Becan, marries a princess and lives happily ever since.
Why is the Cinderella story so p 98 and found in so many cultures There are several r 99 . First of all, it’s a romantic story. Also, Cinderella is a kind girl with a hard life. And m 100 the most important is that in the Cinderella story, a person faces many difficulties but overcomes them in the end.
【答案】
91．(t)reated 92．(w)hile 93．(r)est 94．(f)ell 95．(h)urry 96．(F)inally 97．(l)ady 98．(p)opular 99．(r)easons 100．(m)aybe
【详解】本文讲述了灰姑娘的故事，并分析了该故事受欢迎的原因。
91．句意：灰姑娘的继母和两个姐姐对待她很不好。根据“ ... her poorly”及首字母可知，此处指对她很差，treat“对待”，由“remarried”可知，时态是一般过去时，空处用动词过去式。故填(t)reated。
92．句意：她不得不穿旧衣服，努力工作，而姐妹们穿着漂亮的衣服，玩得很开心。根据“She had to wear old clothes and work hard ”和“the sisters wore beautiful clothes and had fun”可知，前后形成对比，结合首字母，while“而”符合语境。故填(w)hile。
93．句意：你知道剩下的故事。根据“A good fairy turned Cinderella’s old clothes into a beautiful dress....”可知，后面讲述的是剩下的故事，rest“剩余的”符合语境。故填(r)est。
94．句意：灰姑娘去参加一个聚会，一位王子爱上了她。本题考查fall in love with sb“爱上某人”，时态是一般过去时，空处填过去式。故填(f)ell。
95．句意：灰姑娘离开宴会时非常匆忙，她留下了一只水晶鞋，王子用它找到了她。in a hurry“匆忙地”，固定短语，且符合语境。故填(h)urry。
96．句意：灰姑娘和王子结婚了，从此过上了幸福的生活。根据“Cinderella and the Prince married and lived happily ever after.”可知，这是故事最后的结局，结合首字母，finally“最后”符合语境。故填(F)inally。
97．句意：灰姑娘也不总是年轻的女士。根据“ In an Irish story, a young gentleman, Becan, marries a princess and lives happily ever since.”及首字母可知，此处指故事中的灰姑娘不都全是“女士”，有的是男子。lady“女士”。故填(l)ady。
98．句意：为什么灰姑娘的故事如此受欢迎并且在很多国家流传呢？根据“found in so many cultures”及首字母可知，此处指“受欢迎的”popular，形容词作表语。故填(p)opular。
99．句意：有几个原因。根据上文“Why is the Cinderella story ...”可知，这里是解释“原因”，reason符合语境，several后跟名词复数形式。故填(r)easons。
100．句意：最重要的也许是在灰姑娘的故事中，一个人会面对许多困难，但最终会克服它们。最后一段话讲了最重要的原因，句子不缺成分，所以空处应填副词作状语，结合首字母，maybe“也许”符合语境。故填(m)aybe。2023-2024学年八年级英语下册重难单词短语句型强化练（牛津译林版）
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
目录
一、根据汉语提示完成句子。
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
三、根据首字母提示完成句子。
四、选词填空
（一）
（二）
五、完成句子
六、完成句子之句型转换。
七、短文填空
一、根据汉语提示完成句子。
1．This plan will win the support of many people, (尤其) in today’s China.
2．You’d better take some (药物) with you when you made a trip.
3．Two new (秘书) are coming tomorrow morning.
4． (印度) is in the south of Asia.
5．You’d better (培养) interest in English.
6．—This new sports car is on sale now. Will you take one
—Sorry. I can’t (买得起) it.
7．Since we are in need of （药）now, we should ask for people’s help.
8．The boy was (治疗) in time and he is safe now.
9．These engineers successfully (开发) a new kind of energy-saving car last year.
10．I saw two police (官员) standing at the corner of the street.
11．Please give the (病人)some soft food. They have just finished their operations.
12．Jane was so scared that she looked (苍白的)when she saw the tiger.
13．We (举行) the show last Friday. It was a big success.
14．The school helped (建立) up the organization to help poor students.
15．I think the (医疗的) level in the city is better than that in the countryside.
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
16．Most cases of (blind) can be cured or prevented.
17．—Do you know the (interview) on TV
—Of course. He is Sa Beining from CCTV.
18．A lot of money (raise) to provide poor children with food and clothes every November.
19．What he said (sound) great.
20．—Who is that little boy in the photo, Oscar
—Oh, it’s me! This photo (take) when I was five years old.
21．He was refused by the girl because of his (blind).
22．On the plane, volunteer doctors can perform (operate).
23．We are all (pride) of the success of Shenzhou X.
24．All the children (bring) back to their parents yesterday after the police found them.
25．This book (include) fifty maps and six of them are about North America.
26．ORBIS uses a (fly) eye hospital to visit poor countries.
27．As doctors, they must try their best to treat （patient）diseases.
28．Dr Black felt tired because he had two (operate) yesterday.
29．They (most) live far away from the town centre.
30．Tai Mahal (泰姬陵) in (Indian) is well-known as the 7th wonder of the world.
31．— Did you notice her enter the office just now
— No. I (repair) my computer all the time.
32．Think hard and you (come) up with some good ideas.
33．Many trees (plant) in my hometown every year.
34．Mr Smith is proud (have) such a good car.
35．—Your watch looks very beautiful.
—Thank you. It （send）to me as a birthday present by my uncle.
36．Mrs Green (teach) English in a secondary school for many years.
37．This is the only way I can think of (work) out the problem.
38．All the buses (be) late because of the bad weather yesterday.
39．I wasn’t used to （share）a room with others before.
40．A charity show may （hold）to help the people in trouble.
41．Alice, as well as her brothers, (see) (play) basketball in the park at 5 p.m. yesterday.
42．I think treatment in the city is better than in the countryside.（medicine）
43．After every detail was (check), Shenzhou-14 manned spaceship was sent up into space on June 5, 2022.
44．Which of the (secretary) idea is similar to the general manager’s
三、根据首字母提示完成句子。
45．Many foreigners enjoy Chinese fashion, e the Tang costume.
46．Some families in poor areas can’t even a enough food for three meals.
47．David was p by his parents for playing computer games all day long.
48．Starship, produced by Elon Musk’s company Space X, was planned to be launched on April 17, but was d due to fuel problems.
49．The sea is very beautiful, e when the sky is blue and the sun shines.
50．The iphone X is very beautiful, but it’s too expensive. So I can’t a it.
四、选词填空
（一）
queue check devote receive train
51．—Why didn’t you see the red light and stop your car at once
—Sorry, sir. I the map at that moment and didn’t notice it.
52．Many students flowers after this year’s college entrance examination, and it was really a big surprise to
them.
53．As a top player, Daniel hard to improve his physical strength over the past six years.
54．If I am the monitor, I myself to doing all the extra work for my class.
55．Look! Many people to buy milk tea in the mall. It must be delicious.
（二）
从方框中选择恰当的词、短语或音标的正确形式填空（每个词、短语或音标仅用一次）。
litter blind [ra t] in some ways interview hand out hold explain pale polite
56．The Special Olympics World Games every two years.
57．He has night , so he is unable to see anything at night.
58．Look at the purse on the ground. Maybe it is one of those .
59．Put the waste things into the rubbish bin instead of everywhere.
60．Her face turned than before after hearing the terrible news.
61． , Gu Ailin is more like a fashion model.
62．In summer vacation, we have enough time the leaflets on time.
63．Nobody likes Mary in our class because she always talks to others .
64．I still can’t work out the maths problem though Mr Tao it to me twice.
65．“Every child has a to education. You must send your daughter to school,” a policeman said to a young father.
五、完成句子
翻译句子
66．昨天的那辆二手车被卖掉了。
That yesterday.
67．试卷刚才已经分发了。
The papers just now.
68．乐施会是什么时候创办的？
When was Oxfam
69．去年在数学老师的帮助下，我的数学水平得到了提高。
of the maths teacher, my maths last year.
70．现在，汉语在世界上用得越来越广泛了。
Now, Chinese around the world.
71．如果更多的森林被保护，野生动物将有更多的生存空间。
Wildlife will have more living space .
72．老师经常鼓励我们多说英语。
We our teacher.
73．学生会经常举办活动。
Activities the Students’ Union.
74．这本书谁写的呢？
Who this book
75．每年这儿种植很多树。
Many trees here every year.
六、完成句子之句型转换。
将下列句子改为被动语态
76．Li lei looks after the baby very well.
77．His mother heard a strange noise last night.
78．Edison invented a lot of useful and important things.
79．She often sings English songs.
80．The teacher gave his students many books yesterday.
句型转换
81．Japanese cameras are sold in this shop. (改为否定句)
Japanese camera in this shop.
82．I was told to take my own food. (改为一般疑问句)
to take your own food
83．Many animals’ fur is used for making clothes. (对画线部分提问)
many animals’ fur
84．The pig called Strong Pig was trapped under the bricks for 36 days. (对画线部分提问)
the pig called Strong Pig under the bricks
85．Princess Laura was caught by an evil witch. (改为主动语态)
An evil witch Princess Laura.
86．Many countries sell educational CD-ROMs. (改为被动语态)
Educational CD-ROMs many countries.
87．Chinese invented paper nearly two thousand years ago. (改写成被动语态)
Paper Chinese nearly two thousand years ago.
88．People play basketball all over the world. (改为被动语态)
Basketball all over the world.
89．He told us a funny story yesterday. (改为被动语态)
A funny story us by him yesterday.
90．He made me do that for him. (改为被动语态)
I that for him.
七、短文填空
The Cinderella story is a famous one Cinderella was living happily with her family when her mother died. Her father remarried. Cinderella’s new stepmother and two stepsisters t 91 her poorly. She had to wear old clothes and work hard w 92 the sisters wore beautiful clothes and had fun.
You know the r 93 of the story. A good fairy turned Cinderella’s old clothes into a beautiful dress. Cinderella went to a party and a prince f 94 in love with her. Cinderella left the party in such a h 95 that she left a glass slipper and the Prince used that to find her. F 96 Cinderella and the Prince married and lived happily ever after.
That’s one telling of the story, but the Cinderella fairy tale is found in many different countries. And Cinderella is not always a young l 97 . In an Irish story, a young gentleman, Becan, marries a princess and lives happily ever since.
Why is the Cinderella story so p 98 and found in so many cultures There are several r 99 . First of all, it’s a romantic story. Also, Cinderella is a kind girl with a hard life. And m 100 the most important is that in the
Cinderella story, a person faces many difficulties but overcomes them in the end.
