2024年中考英语（阅读理解之说明文）模拟真题 (重庆专用)（含解析）

2024年中考英语（阅读理解之说明文）模拟真题 (重庆专用)
（2024·重庆沙坪坝·一模）Although Shenzhen had good results after starting sorting garbage (垃圾分类) in 2020, we still need to know that the garbage is increasing (增长的) too fast. In 2020, Shenzhen made 29, 000 tons of garbage and it went up by 5, 000 tons in 2021. So people need to develop the habit (习惯) of sorting garbage. Some schools, hospitals, companies and families are good at sorting garbage. A school in Luohu District started sorting garbage six years ago. It is famous for having an “environmental protection bank” to encourage students to sort garbage. The teachers write down the recyclable (可回收的) things such as milk boxes, paper and glass the students collect every day. Then they give them points according to (根据) the recyclable things in the bank. In this way, the school helps students develop a habit of sorting garbage.
A lady in Yantian District said her family was named as a “good garbage-sorting family”. They have two garbage bins at home for kitchen waste and other waste. Besides, they set up two areas to collect useless waste and recyclables. Her family members also help others sort garbage in a right way.
Also, technologies (科技) like AI robots will be used for helping people sort garbage. In fact, garbage sorting is not really difficult. We just need time to practice it. It is very important for everyone to start sorting garbage from our own homes.
1．How many tons of garbage did Shenzhen produce in 2021
A．5, 000 tons. B．24, 000 tons. C．29, 000 tons. D．34, 000 tons.
2．Why does the school in Luohu have an “environmental protection bank”
A．To tell teachers and parents to make less garbage.
B．To encourage more and more schools to sort garbage.
C．To teach people who work in banks how to sort garbage.
D．To help students develop a good habit of sorting garbage
3．What can we learn from the passage
A．Only a school in Luohu began garbage sorting in 2014.
B．Students of a school in Luohu help others sort garbage.
C．A family in Yantian does a good job on sorting garbage.
D．New technologies won’t be used to help people sort garbage.
4．What does the writer think of garbage sorting
A．It’s boring. B．It’s difficult. C．It’s important. D．It’s interesting.
（23-24九年级下·重庆开州·阶段练习）①On a clear night, go outside and look for the moon. Do the same thing again a week later, and the moon you see will look different. So why does it always seem to change its shape
②Sometimes, the moon is a bright disk that lights up the night sky. Other times, it is just a white sliver. Sometimes, the moon can be seen during the day. Other times, it can not be seen. These different kinds of visibility (可见度) are called the phases of the moon (月相).
③They appear because the sun, the moon and the Earth are always moving. One thing that almost never changes is that the sun lights one side of the moon.
④A lunar eclipse (月食) is the only time the sun can’t face the moon. This appears when the sun, the moon and the Earth are in a straight line with the Earth in the middle. As the moon travels into the darkness of the Earth’s shadow (影子), it seems as though all or part of it disappears.
⑤Many scientists believe that the moon was once part of the Earth. Millions of years ago, something hit into the Earth and broke off a large part of the planet. Gravity (地球引力) kept this huge block from going away into space, and it became our moon.
5．The first paragraph is mainly written to ________.
A．draw the readers’ interest B．tell a moving story to readers
C．list some examples for readers D．help readers finish the exam
6．The main idea of Paragraph 2 is ________.
A．the stories of the phases of the moon B．the meaning of the phases of the moon
C．the reasons for the phases of the moon D．the time when the phases of the moon happen
7．Which of the following shows how lunar eclipse is formed
A． B．
C． D．
8．The structure of the passage is ________.
A．①②③④；⑤ B．①；②③④⑤ C．①②③；④；⑤ D．①；②③④；⑤
（23-24九年级下·重庆开州·阶段练习）China is a great country with lots of cultures. Among them, there are many traditional folk cultures. Maybe they are well-known to you. Maybe you have never heard of them.
Shehuo (社火) began in the Qin and Han dynasties and developed in the Tang and Song dynasties. It was even more popular during the Ming and Qing dynasties. Now shehuo has become a folk activity showing people’s happiness and expressing their good wishes. It is a celebration that is always acted outdoors by local farmers during the Spring Festival and the Lantern Festival. There are all kinds of shehuo shows.
Dragon dance (舞龙), also known as dragon lantern dance, is a traditional dance in China. There are usually more than ten performers who act under a dragon. They show a strong feeling. The dragon is a symbol of the Chinese nation. It also means that the country is rich and the people are at peace.
Stilt-walking (踩高跷) performers usually dress up as ancient people. They’re walking on stilts carefully in the streets. It is a dangerous activity. People need to have some skills when performing, or they will fall and get hurt easily.
Boating dance usually includes one boat with two dancers: a man and a woman. Some include many dancers and many boats. Though different in forms and styles from place to place, boating dance is warmly held everywhere in China.
9．Shehuo is more popular in ________.
A．the Qin and Han dynasties B．the Han and Yuan dynasties
C．the Tang and Song dynasties D．the Ming and Qing dynasties
10．The passage doesn’t talk about ________.
A．dragon dance B．dragon boats C．stilt-walking D．boating dance
11．Paragraph ________ generally (总地) talks about shehuo.
A．Two B．Four C．Three D．Five
12．The passage is about ________.
A．what we have never seen B．some Chinese traditional folk cultures
C．the Dragon Boat Festival D．the most interesting show
（23-24九年级下·重庆沙坪坝·阶段练习）“What is your favorite Chinese dish ” Ask any foreigner this question, and most answers you get must be Kung Pao chicken! But how much do you know this foreigner’s favorite Chinese dish
What is the meaning of Kung Pao We need to look at the four Chinese words. “gong” means “palace”; “bǎo” means “guard (保卫)”; “jī” means chicken; “dīng” means small pieces. If we put them together, it can be understood as “palace guards chicken pieces”.
But where did the name come from We need to talk about Ding Baozhen—the man who gave us Kung Pao chicken. Ding was a governor of Sichuan during Qing Dynasty. When Ding was a child, he fell into a river. He could not swim, but a family passing by saved him and brought him home. At their home, they served Ding a delicious chicken dish (the earliest Kung Pao chicken). Ding loved it very much and always remembered it. Years later, when Ding became a rich and powerful man, he invited that family to his house. The family cooked him the same dish and Ding soon made this dish popular all over Sichuan. In the late 1800s, Ding was given the title of “gōng bǎo” (the person who guards the palace).
Soon, people started calling him Ding Gongbao, and giving his favorite dish a name after him—Gongbao chicken. The English name Kung Pao sounds just the same as Chinese.
This dish appears on the menus almost everywhere in the world. Different countries and even cities in China have different ways to cook it. ▲ You have to ask some old cooks in Sichuan. They think three things—dried Sichuan peppers, sugar and vinegar are quite important, and the Sichuan pepper is the most important one. It is hard to buy it for many people outside Sichuan. That is probably why they cannot get the best taste.
Next time, when you are eating Kung Pao chicken with others, you can tell them many fun facts about this dish!
13．How does the writer develop his idea in the beginning
A．By giving numbers. B．By asking questions. C．By showing a report. D．By telling a story.
14．Which of the following sentences can be put in ________
A．But where you can eat the most traditional Kung Pao chicken
B．So it is impossible to get the most traditional taste of this dish.
C．But how can we cook the most traditional Kung Pao chicken
D．And people in different places have different ideas about this.
15．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE
A．Sichuan pepper is the most important to make good Kung Pao chicken.
B．The words “gōng bǎo” mean the strong and rich person in Qing Dynasty.
C．Ding created this dish by himself when he was the governor of Sichuan.
D．At first Ding did not like Kung Pao chicken but later he really missed it.
16．What’s the purpose of writing this passage
A．To tell us the story of Ding Baozhen.
B．To report different sides of Ding Baozhen’s life.
C．To show us the delicious history of Kung Pao chicken.
D．To suggest the ways of making the best Kung Pao chicken.
（23-24九年级下·重庆沙坪坝·阶段练习）“No building comes without carvings (雕刻), and carvings make buildings more valuable,” goes an old saying in Minnan, an area in southern Fujian Province. The saying refers to brick (砖) carvings, which were an important part of the old red brick buildings in the area.
Wu Jiandong, a young master brick carver from Fujian’s Quanzhou City, became worried when he discovered that this tradition was disappearing. The carvings were once commonly found on either side of the door of Minnan’s buildings, but with development, the number of ancient red brick buildings has fallen, causing Minnan’s brick carvings have gradually been out of sight.
The 42-year-old has learned the traditional skill and decided to conflate it with modern tastes to develop his own style of brick carving. Wu said that he hoped to be able to help the traditional art form continue through innovation (创新).
People in Minnan love tea, so Wu created many carved brick tea decorations (装饰), including tea plates, tea cups and other things. They have been warmly received by local people and foreign visitors. Earlier this year, an art piece with a swallow tail ridge (燕尾形屋脊) and a bright moon was bought by an overseas Chinese man from the Philippines. The customer told Wu that he would hang the art piece in his office as a reminder of the buildings and the moon of his hometown.
Wu’s works are now more popular among people, and this helps him to pass down the tradition and further develop his pieces, and the popularity of short videos has also given him new hopes of promoting (推广) Minnan brick carvings.
Recently, he has designed a DIY brick carving experience box called Wei Yu Huan Xi (or “Only You are Happy”). “I wish that more young people will make their own pieces with the knife and red brick in the box, and enjoy a sense of achievement through my video,” Wu said.
17．The writer mentioned the saying at the beginning to _________.
A．attract more people to visit Minnan
B．introduce the valuable buildings with carvings
C．show the importance of brick carvings in Minnan
D．give advice on developing brick carvings
18．From the passage, we can know that _________.
A．most of Wu’s customers come from abroad
B．Wu has combined the Chinese traditional skill with the foreign culture
C．Wu’s pieces are warmly received, but few of them can be seen on the Internet
D．brick carvings could be a comfort to homesick (思乡的) Chinese abroad
19．We can put the word conflate (in Para. 3) in the sentence _________.
A．The artist _________(s) different skills in the same painting.
B．The traditional Chinese culture _________(s) the writers so much.
C．We should take action to _________ the situation.
D．He will never _________ the art since it’s important to people’s daily life.
20．How did Wu feel about his brick art pieces
A．Hopeful. B．Worried. C．Disappointed. D．Surprised.
（23-24九年级下·重庆长寿·阶段练习）
Alex is reading a book about AI, artificial intelligence (人工智能). He finds the book a little difficult but very interesting. Though the word AI is very popular now, he enjoys reading it very much. He has learned a new idea about AI from the book.
When people ask AI a question, it answers the question in a very short time. So people may feel that AI can think and answer questions as human beings do. Before Alex read this book, he believed this, too. However, this book says it will never happen. Actually, AI only uses a lot of information to get the best answer. So when it has more information, the answer will be much closer to the perfect one. AI technologies will be clever tools for human beings to use. This book also says almost half of our jobs will be done by AI technologies in the near future. People will soon find more AI technologies in our lives, such as checking the tickets, the price, people’s
faces and fingers.
So, we believe that we will have much happier lives with these AI technologies around us.
21．What is the short form for “artificial intelligence”
A．PC． B．AI. C．NBA． D．UFO.
22．What does Alex think of the book
A．Difficult but interesting. B．Easy but important.
C．Popular and interesting. D．Difficult and important.
23．What new idea does Alex get from the book
A．AI can think by itself. B．AI can’t answer questions immediately.
C．AI can have ideas of its own. D．AI will never think by itself.
24．What is the meaning of the underlined part (划线部分) in the article
A．Some of the jobs can be done by AI. B．All the jobs can be done by AI.
C．None of the jobs can be done by AI. D．AI will take the place of human beings.
（23-24九年级下·重庆江津·阶段练习）Butterflies are common all over the world but the ones in hot countries are usually bigger and more brightly colored than those in cooler countries, and there are more different kinds. Usually the male butterfly is more brightly colored than the female. The females have bigger and heavier bodies, since they carry the eggs. The gay colors of the male help to attract the female and the duller colors of the female make them less likely to be caught by enemies before they have laid their eggs.
Some butterflies have a bright pattern of colors on the upper surface of their wings which show when they fly, but when they rest on a tree or leaf, they close their wings. On the undersides of their wings there are green and brown markings which look like the tree or leaves. They are then difficult to see. The best example of this is the Dead Leaf Butterfly (枯叶蝶). Even its wings are closed, it looks exactly like a dead leaf. There are even marks that look like the holes in a dead leaf. When a bird is chasing a butterfly, and it closes its wings, it seems to have disappeared completely.
Many butterflies have round marks on their wings that look like eyes. When they are resting, and their wings are folded, these can’t be seen. When a bird sees one, and begins to attack it, the butterfly opens its wings. The bird thinks that it sees two eyes staring at it, and frightened, it flies away.
25．Which of the following is likely to be the most brightly colored
A．A female in a hot country.
B．A male in a cool country.
C．A male in a hot country.
D．A dead leaf butterfly with wings closed.
26．What does the underlined word “chasing” in the 2nd paragraph mean
A．running after B．looking after
C．leaving for D．staying with
27．What is one of the reasons that female butterflies are safer from enemies than male butterflies
A．Because they are bigger.
B．Because they are heavier.
C．Because they have colors that are not so bright.
D．Because they have marks that look like eyes.
28．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage
A．The color of a male butterfly is usually brighter than the female’s.
B．The dead leaf butterflies close their wings to protect themselves.
C．A lot of butterflies have eyes on their wings.
D．Sometimes, butterflies are difficult to see.
（23-24九年级下·重庆巴南·阶段练习）① Some people decide to stop eating meat and begin to accept a vegan (素食) diet because of health reasons. This way of eating avoids all animal products, including meat, fish, milk, eggs and even honey.
② Making the change can be a challenge for people who often have dairy and meat in their diet, according to Dena Champion, a dietitian, an expert on diet and nutrition (营养学), from Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center. She added that starting a vegan diet could change your body in certain ways. It might even offer some health benefits.
③ Reduced body weight. Instead of high-fat proteins (高脂肪蛋白) like bacon and beef, vegans get their protein from plant-based sources such as tofu, beans, soy milk, and so on. “This can lead to losing weight. Considering that two-thirds of Americans are overweight, this can have a positive effect on body shape and health”, says Kailey Proctor, a dietitian at St. Joseph Hospital in California.
④ Improved blood sugar control. Because being overweight is a major risk for developing diabetes (糖尿病), losing weight can lower that risk. There was one study from some experts published in the magazine Nutrients in 2018. The experts chose some overweight people with no history of diabetes to switch to a vegan diet. Then they followed them for 16 weeks. Improvements and better effects are seen in those people in controlling blood sugar levels.
⑤ Reduced cancer risk. There’s also the chance to reduce your risk of developing cancer. “Vegan diets,
when planned correctly, are also very high in fruits, vegetables and whole grains. These plant-based foods have been shown to reduce the risk of cancer.” says Proctor. We should always focus on consuming whole, fresh foods as much as possible. It’s important to make sure you’re getting enough nutrients for your health.
29．Which one belongs to a vegan diet
A．Meat, fish, milk. B．Eggs, honey, soy milk.
C．Tofu, beans, milk. D．Tofu, beans, soy milk.
30．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about
A．The reason for losing weight. B．The reason for being diabetes.
C．A study of getting too much weight. D．A study of controlling blood sugar.
31．What's the structure of the article (P=Paragraph)
A． B．
C． D．
32．In which part of the newspaper can we read the text
A．Business. B．Health. C．News. D．Sports.
（23-24九年级下·重庆巴南·阶段练习）In the Chinese lunar calendar, there are 12 animal signs. Each of them is a symbol of a lunar year. The year 2024 is the Year of Dragon. The animals appear in a certain order and the cycle (周期) repeats every 12 years. It is believed that people born under the same animal sign may have similar characters.
12 Animal Signs and Characters
RAT OX TIGER RABBIT DRAGON SNAKE
smart hard-working brave careful powerful wise
HORSE GOAT MONKEY ROOSTER DOG PIG
lively gentle clever practical true honest
33．How many animal signs are there in the Chinese lunar calendar
A．8 B．10 C．11 D．12
34．What animal sign is it in 2023
A．Tiger. B．Rabbit. C．Dragon. D．Snake.
35．Lily was born in the Year of Monkey, and she is believed to be ______.
A．clever B．true C．honest D．smart
（2024·重庆九龙坡·一模）Replacing (更换) some things in your house at the right time can make you healthier.
Things Toothbrush Cutting board (切菜板) Chopsticks Blanket (毛毯)
Main material Plastic Wood Wood Wool (羊毛)
Cleaning way Using warm water Using hot water Using hot water Dry-cleaning
Replacing reason Causing a toothache Producing bacteria (细菌) Producing bacteria Being worn out
Replacing time Every three months Every three years Every five months Every five years
36．According to the form above, what is made of wood
A．Toothbrush and Cutting board.
B．Cutting board and chopsticks.
C．Chopsticks and blanket.
D．Blanket and toothbrush.
37．How often should we replace toothbrush from the form above
A．Every five years. B．Every three years.
C．Every five months. D．Every three months.
38．Where can we probably find this form
A．A textbook. B．A storybook.
C．A magazine. D．A novel.
（2024·重庆潼南·一模）The best tool you use in communicating with parents is to keep talking to them, no matter what it is about. Strong relationship depends heavily on keeping the lines of communication open. Try to talk about everyday things with your parents. That doesn’t mean telling them everything. In fact, turn the focus onto them for a change: Ask about their day—just as they do with you.
Jim,15, is a junior school student. One day, after he said that he was thinking of trying out for the school play, his mom kept asking about it for weeks. Instead of telling her how he felt, Jim decided it would be easier not to tell her anything he was doing in the future.
A good way to get parents to ask fewer questions is to offer some information on your own. This puts the communication in your hands. The more you tell them about everyday things, the less they will municating everyday things has another advantage: It can show your parents that you are responsible enough to make good decisions. Though it won’t be easy, do not give up. The parents need time to get used to it as their kids become independent. To many parents, they believe their years of experience put them in a better position to make decisions. If you think your parents are like that, talk to them about it.
39．The underlined phrase “turn the focus onto them” in paragraph one maybe means ________.
A．do something good for them B．talk the things about them
C．have a good time with them D．show your thanks to them
40．In the last paragraph, you are advised to ________.
A．keep your parents asking you more questions of your own things
B．let your parents know everything about your daily life
C．tell your parents more information before you are asked
D．be responsible to help your parents make good decisions
41．Why do parents always want to make decisions for their kids
A．They find their children always wrong. B．They do well in almost everything.
C．They think they can make better decisions. D．They are used to making decisions for kids.
42．The writer writes this passage ________.
A．to ask children to make decisions on their own without any help
B．to hope children can learn from their parents all the time
C．to ask kids to think carefully for themselves
D．to hope kids can communicate with their parents
（2024·重庆彭水·一模）①Do you know the dragon and Kun I think most of you must know the dragon, because it is one of the symbols of China. But probably very few people know about the Kun. It is a fish from ancient Chinese stories. The fish is huge and lives in the northern sea. Kunlong AG600, the Chinesemade large amphibious aircraft (水陆两栖飞机), was named after these two symbols. The meaning of the name is to fly into the high sky like a dragon and go down to the deep sea like a Kun.
②On February 25, 2023, the fourth AG600M firefighting aircraft prototype (消防飞机原型机), belonging to the AG600 large amphibious aircraft family, carried out its first flight (飞行) in Zhuhai. During the 17-minute flight, the aircraft carried out some planned flight test subjects. And it performed very well. The successful flight of the aircraft showed the start of test flights of all four AG600M aircraft prototypes.
③As a member of the AG600 aircraft family, the AG600M has been developed as a piece of important aeronautical equipment (航空设备) to make China’s ability to save people in dangerous situations stronger. It can be used in putting out forest fires, doing sea search and other tasks.
④The AG600 aircraft family made great progress in 2022, especially both aircraft development and market exploration (开拓). The year of 2023 is the key to the development of aircraft. A number of flight tests and ground tests are planned this year to make sure that the AG600M is able to put out fires.
⑤It will be useful for emergency saving and prevention systems. Let’s wait and see.
43．The name of Kunlong has a meaning of ________ like a Kun.
A．living in the southern sea B．flying into the high sky
C．swimming in the river D．going down to the deep sea
44．The aircraft prototype’s first flight took place in ________.
A．Fujian Province B．Guangdong Province C．Hainan Province D．Guangxi Province
45．We can infer from this passage that ________.
A．the AG600M can be used for emergency saving and prevention systems
B．it was difficult for the AG600M to carry out its first flight
C．the AG600 belongs to the AG600M amphibious aircraft family
D．the AG600 aircraft family made great progress three years ago
46．The structure (结构) of the passage is ________.
A． B．
C． D．
（2024·重庆彭水·一模）A “slow train” in southwest China with its own study room has attracted (吸引) much attention on the Internet. The “slow train” No. 5609/5610, which runs between Chongqing and Xiushan, provides students with a good learning environment while enjoying the beautiful views along the way.
In the carriages (车厢), some seats have been replaced by desks and chairs next to the windows to turn them into “study carriages” for passengers in need.
In addition to No. 5609/5610, other “slow trains” have been improved with “study carriages”, too. People from nearby schools often take the trains between schools and homes. They are the children’s best choice, and many students use the travel time to finish their homework.
On the train No. Z150, a new “book bar” carriage has been welcomed by college students. There are nearly 400 schools along the line, making the train No. Z150 the first choice for most students from those schools. Since 2015, the train’s dining car has been open for free at night to provide returning students with free tea and other services. These small but kind actions are a welcome comfort for students in need of a relaxing place to continue their studies.
47．The main passengers of the “slow trains” are ________.
A．visitors B．students C．foreigners D．officers
48．The seats have been changed into desks and chairs to ________.
A．make good use of the space B．attract passengers’ attention
C．provide places for learning D．make the space comfortable
49．The underlined word “They” in Paragraph 3 refers to “________”.
A．the beautiful views B．the study carriages
C．the slow trains D．the nearby schools
50．Which of following is TRUE according to the passage
A．The train No. Z150 is popular among college students.
B．No. 5609/5610 runs between Chengdu and Xiushan.
C．The “slow trains” are the best trains for students to take.
D．The dining car of No. Z150 provides free meals for passengers.
（23-24九年级下·重庆沙坪坝·开学考试）If you’ve ever walked through fog (雾), you might have noticed that your skin and hair get wet. This is because fog is made of tiny water drops. Scientists are helping people collect these drops to make drinking water.
In some towns, there is no fresh water. People there have to use trucks to carry fresh water. It is expensive.
Since rain falls to the ground, it can easily be collected into tanks (冰箱). But the water drops that make up fog don’t hit the ground. Instead, they float (漂浮) in the air. To turn fog into water, you have to catch the water drops.
A fog catcher is made of nets with two posts. The nets are usually set up on a hilltop. As fog passes by, the nets catch the water drops. The drops run down the nets and into channels. The channels lead the water into large tanks where it can be stored. A fog catcher can collect 10,000 liters of water a day. Scientists have helped set up fog catchers for towns in Chile, Nepal and Mexico.
Fog catchers are a great way for people in small and lonely towns to have their own fresh water. Centuries before scientists created fog-catching nets, nature was making fog into water on its own. As fog passed through the mountains, large leaves got the drops just like the nets do. People learned to drink the water collected on the leaves. Thanks to modern fog catchers, enough water can be made for a whole town!
51．What does the world “It” in Paragraph 2 mean
A．Trucks’ carrying. B．Rain collecting. C．Fog catching. D．Water collecting.
52．What is a fog catcher made of
A．Tanks. B．Leaves. C．Nets. D．Posts.
53．Centuries ago people learned to drink the water collected ________.
A．in channels B．on the nets C．on the leaves D．in trucks
54．Where might the passage come from
A．A storybook. B．A science magazine. C．A travel book. D．A crime fiction.
（23-24九年级下·重庆沙坪坝·开学考试）①Have you ever been to the Dead Sea, one of the most famous natural wonders in the world Have you ever thought about why it is called Dead Sea Does it hold life Can people swim there With all these questions in your mind, let’s know something about it!
②The Dead Sea is actually a lake in the Middle East. At four hundred meters below sea level, it’s the lowest
point on Earth. It lies between the borders of Jordan, Israel, and the West Bank. It’s about 80 kilometers long, 11 kilometers wide at its widest point, and 377 meters deep at its deepest. The lake is surrounded by hot, dry desert on all sides.
③Since it’s in a hot desert, water evaporates (蒸发) faster than the lake is refilled. And the area is lower than all the land around, the water can never flow back out, it can only evaporate. And that’s what happens—water continually evaporates. In fact, so much water is evaporating from the Dead Sea, it often looks like there’s a cloud of fog hanging over the lake. Anyway, as the water evaporates, it leaves behind the salt and minerals (矿物质). The water in the Dead Sea is almost six times saltier than ocean water!
④Because the Dead Sea is so salty, almost nothing can live there, except for bacteria and one type of algae. Any fish or freshwater animal that gets washed into the lake dies almost immediately. And the shores are covered in thick salt crystals (结晶), so animals can’t even live near the lake either. That’s why it’s called Dead Sea.
⑤Since it’s so salty, why do people go there to cover themselves from head to toe with its mud Actually, those minerals are supposed to be really good for your skin. No wonder lots of spas and health resorts have been built in the area. Though the water in the Dead Sea is so salty, it is totally safe for people. You can even go swimming there if you want, although it’s pretty hard to swim because all that salt makes it much easier to float! It’s really unbelievable.
⑥Want to know more about it Just explore it yourself!
55．Why does the writer use four questions in the beginning
A．To encourage readers to travel.
B．To interest readers in the Dead Sea.
C．To introduce the popularity of the Dead Sea.
D．To express worries about freshwater animals.
56．What can you learn about the Dead Sea from the passage
A．It’s near the Middle East. B．It’s far from the desert.
C．It’s 80 kilometers wide. D．It’s the lowest point on land.
57．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 3
A．How the Dead Sea is formed. B．How the Dead Sea gets so salty.
C．Why fish can’t live in the Dead Sea. D．Why the Dead Sea is like fog.
58．Which of the following shows the structure of this passage
A． B． C． D．
参考答案：
1．D 2．D 3．C 4．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了人们需要养成垃圾分类的习惯。详细地介绍了一些垃圾分类的例子及其告诉我们垃圾分类的重要性。
1．细节理解题。根据“In 2020, Shenzhen made 29, 000 tons of garbage and it went up by 5, 000 tons in 2021.”可知2020年深圳产生了2. 9万吨垃圾， 2021增加了5000吨，所以2021深圳产生了34000吨垃圾。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据“A school in Luohu District started sorting garbage six years ago. It is famous for having an ‘environmental protection bank’ to encourage students to sort garbage.”可知罗湖的学校有“环保银行”，是为了帮助学生养成垃圾分类的好习惯。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据“A lady in Yantian District said her family was named as a ‘good garbage-sorting family’”可知盐田的一户人家在垃圾分类方面做得很好。故选C。
4．细节理解题。根据“It is very important for everyone to start sorting garbage from our own homes.”可知作者认为始垃圾分类是非常重要的。故选C。
5．A 6．B 7．B 8．D
【导语】本文介绍了有关月亮的天文知识。
5．推理判断题。根据“So why does it always seem to change its shape ”可知第一段端末提问为什么月亮会变形状，来引起读者的兴趣，引出下文。故选A。
6．主旨大意题。根据“These different kinds of visibility are called the phases of the moon.”可知第二段介绍了什么是月相。故选B。
7．细节理解题。根据“This appears when the sun, the moon and the Earth are in a straight line with the Earth in the middle. As the moon travels into the darkness of the Earth’s shadow, it seems as though all or part of it disappears.”可知月食是当太阳、月亮和地球在一条直线上，地球在中间时，就会出现这种现象。当月亮进入地球阴影的黑暗时，它似乎全部或部分消失了。故选B。
8．篇章结构题。第一段引出文章、第二到第四段介绍不同月亮的天文知识、第五段科学家认为月亮形成的原因。故选D。
9．D 10．B 11．A 12．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了一些中国传统民俗文化。
9．细节理解题。根据“It was even more popular during the Ming and Qing dynasties”可知社火在明清时代很受欢迎。故选D。
10．细节理解题。根据“Shehuo”“Dragon dance”“Stilt-walking”以及“Boating dance”可知本文未提到龙舟。故选B。
11．主旨大意题。根据“Shehuo (社火) began in the Qin and Han dynasties and developed in the Tang and Song dynasties. ”可知第二段主要介绍了社火。故选A。
12．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了一些中国传统民俗文化。故选B。
13．B 14．C 15．A 16．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了“宫保鸡丁”的由来和最佳烹饪方法等。
13．细节理解题。根据文章开头“‘What is your favorite Chinese dish ’Ask any foreigner this question, and most answers you get must be Kung Pao chicken! But how much do you know this foreigner’s favorite Chinese dish ”可知，作者以提问的方式展开他的想法。故选B。
14．推理判断题。根据前文“This dish appears on the menus almost everywhere in the world. Different countries and even cities in China have different ways to cook it.”和后文“You have to ask some old cooks in Sichuan.”此处应该与宫保鸡丁的的烹饪方法有关。由此可推断出，C选项“但是怎样才能烹饪出最传统的宫保鸡丁呢？”符合语境。故选C。
15．细节理解题。根据第五段中“They think three things—dried Sichuan peppers, sugar and vinegar are quite important, and the Sichuan pepper is the most important one.”可知，他们认为三样东西——干川椒、糖和醋相当重要，其中川椒是最重要的，所以A选项“要做好宫保鸡丁，川椒是最重要的。”的表述是正确的。故选A。
16．主旨大意题。根据通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了宫保鸡丁的美味历史。故选C。
17．C 18．D 19．A 20．A
【导语】本文主要讲述了闽南地区的砖雕艺术以及伍建东传承这门技艺并将其发扬光大。
17．推理判断题。根据“The saying refers to brick (砖) carvings, which were an important part of the old red brick buildings in the area.”可知，后文提到了重要性，因此作者在开头提到这句话是为了说明闽南砖雕的重要性。故选C。
18．推理判断题。根据“The customer told Wu that he would hang the art piece in his office as a reminder of the buildings and the moon of his hometown.”可知，从文章中，我们可以知道，砖雕可以安慰海外思乡的中国人。故选D。
19．推理判断题。根据“The 42-year-old has learned the traditional skill and decided to conflate it with modern tastes to develop his own style of brick carving.”可知，后文提到了“与现代品味”，并提到了形成自己的风格，因此划线词是“融合”，选项A“这位艺术家在同一幅画中融合了不同的技巧。”中设空处为“融合”之意，因此可以把词语放在A选项中。故选A。
20．推理判断题。根据“I wish that more young people will make their own pieces with the knife and red brick in the box, and enjoy a sense of achievement through my video,”可知，伍建东希望更多的年轻人能用盒子里的刀和红砖制作自己的作品，通过他的视频享受成就感，所以是充满希望的。故选A。
21．B 22．A 23．D 24．A
【导语】本文主要讲述了人工智能的相关情况。
21． 细节理解题。根据“Alex is reading a book about AI, artificial intelligence”可知亚历克斯正在读一本关于AI，也就是人工智能的书。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据“He finds the book a little difficult but very interesting”可知亚历克斯觉得这本书有点难，但很有趣。故选A。
23．推理判断题。根据“So people may feel that AI can think and answer questions as human beings do. Before Alex read this book, he believed this, too. However, this book says it will never happen.”可知人们可能会觉得人工智能可以像人类一样思考和回答问题，在亚历克斯读这本书之前，他也相信这一点，但是，这本书说它永远不会发生，因此可知亚历克斯从这本书中得到了一个新想法，那就是AI永远不会自己思考。故选D。
24．词句猜测题。根据“People will soon find more AI technologies in our lives, such as checking the tickets, the price, people’s faces and fingers.”可知此处说的是有些工作可以由AI来做，故选A。
25．C 26．A 27．C 28．C
【导语】本文主要介绍的是蝴蝶，蝴蝶身上有五彩斑斓的颜色，通常雄性蝴蝶的颜色要比雌性的更加明亮，蝴蝶身上的颜色还可以保护它们。
25．细节理解题。根据“Butterflies are common all over the world but the ones in hot countries are usually bigger and more brightly colored than those in cooler countries, and there are more different kinds. Usually the male butterfly is more brightly colored than the female.”可知，比较热的国家的蝴蝶的颜色要更明亮，而且雄性蝴蝶的颜色要比雌性更亮。故选C。
26．词句猜测题。根据“When a bird is chasing a butterfly, and it closes its wings, it seems to have disappeared completely.”可知，鸟在追逐蝴蝶的时候，蝴蝶就会关闭它的翅膀，这样就好像它完全消失了一样，故推测划线部分chasing意为“追逐”。故选A。
27．细节理解题。根据“the duller colors of the female make them less likely to be caught by enemies”可知，雌性蝴蝶翅膀的颜色更暗，这样它们就不容易被敌人抓住，所以就比较安全。故选C。
28．推理判断题。根据“Many butterflies have round marks on their wings that look like eyes.”可知，许多蝴蝶的翅膀上有圆形的印记看起来像眼睛，选项C“许多蝴蝶的翅膀上长着眼睛。”表述错误。故选C。
29．D 30．D 31．A 32．B
【导语】本篇是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一些人因为健康原因开始接受素食，全文从减轻体重、改善血糖控制和减少癌症风险三个方面介绍了素食对身体的益处。
29．细节理解题。根据“vegans get their protein from plant-based sources such as tofu, beans, soy milk, and so on.”可知素食主义者的蛋白质来源于植物，如豆腐、豆类、豆浆等，所以豆腐、豆类和豆浆都属于素食。故选D。
30．段落大意题。根据“Improved blood sugar control”可知本段主要讲述了素食对控制血糖有益处，故选D。
31．篇章结构题。第一段主要讲述一些人因健康原因开始接受素食；第二段讲述Dena Champion认为素食对我们的身体有益处；第三段、第四段和第五段分别从能减轻体重、改善血糖控制和减少癌症的风险三个方面介绍了素食对身体的好处，故选A。
32．推理判断题。整篇文章主要讲述了素食对身体有许多益处，故文章可能出现在报纸的健康部分。故选B。
33．D 34．B 35．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了十二生肖的动物标志以及对应的性格。
33．细节理解题。根据“In the Chinese lunar calendar, there are 12 animal signs.”可知在中国农历中，有12个动物标志。故选D。
34．推理判断题。根据“The year 2024 is the Year of Dragon”可知2024年是龙年，根据表格可推知2023年是兔年。故选B。
35．细节理解题。根据表格可知，猴年出生的人很聪明。故选A。
36．B 37．D 38．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了家用物品牙刷、切菜板、筷子和毛毯的材料、清洁方法、更换的原因和时间。
36．细节理解题。根据“Cutting board Main material Wood”和“Chopsticks Main material Wood”可知，切菜板和筷子这两样物品主要是由木头制成的。故选B。
37．细节理解题。根据“Toothbrush Replacing time Every three months”可知，我们应该每三个月更换一次牙刷。故选D。
38．推理判断题。综合全文可知，本文主要介绍了牙刷、切菜板、筷子和毛毯等四种日常生活用品的材料、清洗方法、更换的原因和时间；文章告诉我们，在合适的时间更换一些家用物品可以让我们更健康；据此可以推断，我们很可能在杂志的“健康生活”版块看到本文。故选C。
39．B 40．C 41．C 42．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了如果我们想要和父母建立牢固的关系，就需要多和他们进行交流，并且就“如何与父母进行交流”给出了一些建议。
39．词义猜测题。根据后文“Ask about their day—just as they do with you.”可知，作者建议我们要询问父母的日常，就像他们询问我们一样，所以这个短语意思就是“谈谈他们的事情”。故选B。
40．细节理解题。根据第三段“A good way to get parents to ask fewer questions is to offer some information on your own.”可知要让父母少问问题的一个好办法就是主动告诉他们一些信息，也就是说，在父母提问之前，告诉他们更多的信息。故选C。
41．细节理解题。根据第三段“To many parents, they believe their years of experience put them in a better position to make decisions.”可知父母想为孩子做决定是因为他们觉得凭借他们多年的经验可以更好地作出决定。故选C。
42．主旨大意题。通读全文后可知，文章主要告诉我们想要和父母建立牢固的关系，就需要我们多和父母进行交流。故选D。
43．D 44．B 45．A 46．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要从名字的由来、目前的进展、使用目的以及未来展望等方面介绍了灭火飞机鲲龙AG600。
43．细节理解题。根据“The meaning of the name is to fly into the high sky like a dragon and go down to the deep sea like a Kun.”可知，人们将这架飞机命名为鲲龙是希望它可以像鲲和龙一样拥有上天入海的能力。故选D。
44．细节理解题。根据“On February 25, 2023, the fourth AG600M firefighting aircraft prototype (消防飞机原型机), belonging to the AG600 large amphibious aircraft family, carried out its first flight (飞行) in Zhuhai.”可知，飞机原型机的第一次飞行是在珠海市，根据地理知识可知珠海市位于广东省。故选B。
45．推理判断题。根据“the AG600M has been developed as a piece of important aeronautical equipment (航空设备) to make China’s ability to save people in dangerous situations stronger. It can be used in putting out forest fires, doing sea search and other tasks.”及第五段中“It will be useful for emergency saving and prevention systems.”可知，AG600M可用于紧急救援和预防系统。故选A。
46．篇章结构题。通读全文内容可知，第一段介绍了AG600的相关背景从而引出文章的主题；第二、三、四段分别从目前的进展、使用目的等方面介绍了鲲龙AG600；最后一段介绍了对AG600的未来展望。故选C。
47．B 48．C 49．C 50．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了一种新型的开设在火车上的“移动自习室”，这种自习室不仅有学习的地方，而且在晚上还提供免费的餐饮服务，为来往的学生们提供了很大便利。
47．细节理解题。根据“provides students with a good learning environment while enjoying the beautiful views along the way”可知，“慢火车”的主要乘客是学生。故选B。
48．细节理解题。根据“In the carriages (车厢), some seats have been replaced by desks and chairs next to the windows to turn them into ‘study carriages’ for passengers in need.”可知，在车厢里，一些座位被窗边的桌椅取代，变成了“学习车厢”，供有需要的乘客使用。所以是为了提供学
习场所给乘客，故选C。
49．代词指代题。根据“In addition to No. 5609/5610, other “slow trains” have been improved with “study carriages”, too. People from nearby schools often take the trains between schools and homes. They are the children’s best choice, and many students use the travel time to finish their homework.”可知，附近学校的人经常“慢火车”往返于学校和家之间，它们是孩子们最好的选择，许多学生利用旅行时间来完成作业。所以此处They指的是“慢火车”，故选C。
50．细节理解题。根据“On the train No. Z150, a new ‘book bar’carriage has been welcomed by college students.”可知，在Z150火车上，一种新型的“书吧”车厢，受到了大学生们的欢迎。所以“Z150火车在大学生中很流行”表述正确，故选A。
51．A 52．C 53．C 54．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。全文主要讲述了数百年前人们如何取水和科学家们发明了现代的雾捕捉器可以收集水滴，为其提供足够的水，大大方便了城镇的人生活的故事。
51．词句猜测题。根据第二段“People there have to use trucks to carry fresh water”人们必须使用卡车来运淡水，可知“it”指的是卡车运输的费用。故选A。
52．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“A fog catcher is made of nets with two posts.”可知，雾收集器是由网制成的。故选C。
53．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Centuries before scientists created fog-catching nets…People learned to drink the water collected on the leaves”可知，数个世纪以前，人们学会了喝树叶上收集的水。故选C。
54．推理判断题。全文主要讲述了数百年前人们如何取水和科学家们发明了现代的雾捕捉器可以收集水滴，为其提供足够的水，大大方便了城镇的人生活的故事。可推测，这篇文章最有可能出现在科普类杂志上。故选B。
55．B 56．D 57．B 58．C
【导语】本文介绍了死海。
55．推理判断题。根据“With all these questions in your mind, let’s know something about it!”可知是为了引起读者对死海的兴趣，故选B。
56．细节理解题。根据“it’s the lowest point on Earth.”可知这是地球上的最低点。故选D。
57．主旨大意题。根据“Anyway, as the water evaporates, it leaves behind the salt and minerals (矿
物质). The water in the Dead Sea is almost six times saltier than ocean water!”可知本段是介绍死海是怎么变得这么咸的。故选B。
58．篇章结构题。第一段引出主题；第二三四五段介绍死海；第六段总结。故选C。