Part A
1.（2024·重庆九龙坡·二模）The 8 (object) remain stable even when covered by things in the foreground
（2024·河北沧州·一模）The launch successfully delivered three commercial satellites into the 13 planned (plan) orbit about 460 kilometers above the Earth, further highlighting the 14 (mature) and stability of the ZQ-2 carrier rocket
3.（2024·北京东城·一模）A growing number of 24 (educate) say the panic about AI is a lot like the panic caused by the Internet when it was new. One of them says, “ChatGPT is to English and to writing what the calculator is to math.”
（2024·河北·模拟预测）“With the 28 (cooperate) and assistance from ground controllers and the space station’s robotic arm, the team completed all their assigned tasks successfully
（2024·河北沧州·模拟预测） Images and data from the Gaofen satellites have been widely used at thousands of research bodies and enterprises in dozens of 41 (industry) across China．
6.（2024·全国·模拟预测）As a 51 (prove) of concept, theoretical physicist Wolfgang Fink’s team built their first “breadcrumb” sensors communicating via Wi-Fi.
7.（2024·河南·一模）After the 60 (complete) of the Tianwen Ⅰ mission, China will also plan a number of Tianwen series of planetary exploration missions to explore the vastness of space.（2024·新疆·一模）The confinement (封闭) in a small spacecraft can damage their mental health. 68 (emergency) challenge their knowledge and ability.
9（2024·广东·模拟预测）The rocket has a 81 (high) of 53.1 meters, a core-stage diameter of 3.35 meters, and a liftoff weight of 597 metric tons.
10.（2024·安徽·三模）Lan Ting Xu (The Orchid Pavilion Preface),is one of the most celebrated 91 (masterpiece) of Chinese calligraphy
11.（2024·安徽滁州·二模）She said that reading is a shortcut to learning English in a foreign language environment, as quality reading materials introduce children to genuine dialogue they can reproduce in real-life 101 (conversation).
12（2024·安徽滁州·二模）Chen 99 (suggest) that children make use of dialogues that
meet actual daily needs and read 100 (grade) materials or picture books that match their cognitive (认知) level and interest and which are of practical use.
（2024·河北张家口·模拟预测）At first, Bonino was hesitant about the trip because she had an extremely 109 (limit) understanding of China.
14.（2024·湖南·一模）Interesting, meaningful and featured activities are 121 (special) designed from the moment you stepped into the museum to the time you leave.
15.（2024·江苏·模拟预测）Known as Tianshui Malatang, which 129 (literal) means spicy and hot, the local dish is popular for its large portion of skewered meat
16.（2024·上海普陀·二模） It is believed that by arranging things 158 (appropriate), one can harmonize the energies of the natural world
17.(2024·辽宁·模拟预测）Mount Tai, is a representative of Chinese mountains with 165 (impress) views and beautiful natural scenery
18.（2024·湖北·三模）So far, Shoushan Stone, 283 (official) named “China National Stone”, becoming a symbol of elegance, dignity and wisdom, which is worthy of collection.
19.（2024·河北沧州·模拟预测）the Gaofen 12D was carried by a Long March 4C rocket that lifted off at 1:45 am at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center and 36 (success) arrived in its orbit.
20.（2024·全国·模拟预测）In a classic tale, Hansel and Gretel dropped breadcrumbs (面包屑) while walking through a 45 (risk) forest so that they wouldn’t lose their way.
Part B
Passage1
（2024·重庆九龙坡·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It is a beautiful drone (无人机) shot, 1 popular kind of video you might see in a travel video. However, there is no drone 2 camera, and you needn’t travel in person because the video was generated by AI, which is from a new tool programmed by Open AI called Sora.
It’s not perfect, but it’s a large step up from what we’ve seen before. What most people
don’t know is 3 Sora can do more than just create videos from scratch. It can combine separate videos into one scene. And its videos can be up 4 a minute long and in 1080p resolution.
5 (compare) with Runway ML, the difference with Sora is that it’s coherent. Previous system have a 6 (character) morphing (图像渐变) quality as the video 7 (progress). With Sora, that’s vastly reduced or gone altogether. The 8 (object) remain stable even when covered by things in the foreground. We’ve seen something similar to this in research since 2019, but what is new is the ability 9 (combine) two videos together in one scene. It can also make up different camera angles of a single scene with just one prompt.
Sora, like digital audio workstation 10 (envelop) recording studios several years ago, must be a trend soon.
Passage2
（2024·河北沧州·一模）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确
形式。
The ZQ-2 Y3 rocket, developed by Chinese privately-owned aerospace company LandSpace, 11 (launch) into space on September 9th, 2023 from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, taking three satellites into orbit.
It is the second successful flight for the company with the ZQ-2 series rocket, the 12 (late) example of Chinese privately-owned aerospace companies sending satellites into orbit. The launch successfully delivered three commercial satellites into the 13 (plan) orbit about 460 kilometers above the Earth, further highlighting the 14 (mature) and stability of the ZQ-2 carrier rocket, and also 15 (mark) a step forward for the company and China’s commercial aerospace industry.
The ZQ-2 Y3 has 16 total length of 49.5 meters, which is capable of placing a 1.5-ton payload into a typical sun-synchronous orbit at about 500 kilometers above the Earth. Future models could ultimately increase the payload to four tons, 17 can facilitate the deployment (部署) of low earth orbit satellites and cargo spacecraft.
Now China is home 18 world-class enterprises in the fields of raw materials,
electronic information, and equipment required for rocket manufacturing (制造). 19 (obvious), the rapid development of China’s commercial aerospace companies and the domestically developed rockets with cost advantages 20 (benefit) China’s Internet constellation (互联网星座) construction plan greatly in the future.
Passage3
（2024·北京东城·一模）语法填空
ChatGPT is a chatbot. Some schools 21 (ban) it since its birth. They need time to make rules about 22 it’s to be used properly in class. Some teachers see it as a 23 (cheat) tool. But many principals believe it’s too late to keep AI out of classrooms. A growing number of 24 (educate) say the panic about AI is a lot like the panic caused by the Internet when it was new. One of them says, “ChatGPT is to English and to writing what the calculator is to math.”
Passage4
（2024·河北·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Shenzhou XVII crew conducted their second spacewalk outside the Tiangong space station on Saturday, 25 (complete) the first repair operation by Chinese astronauts, according to the China Manned Space Agency.
The agency said that mission commander Tang Hongbo and crew member Jiang Xinlin 26 (return) to the Wentian science module (舱) at 1:32 pm after floating for nearly eight hours outside the huge orbital station. The 27 (three) crew member Tang Shengjie, stayed inside Tiangong to provide support.
“With the 28 (cooperate) and assistance from ground controllers and the space station’s robotic arm, the team completed all their assigned tasks 29 (successful),” the agency said. It was the 15th spacewalk 30 (carry) out by Chinese astronauts. During the spacewalk, Tang Hongbo and Jiang Xinlin repaired damage to parts on the Tianhe core module’s solar wings that was caused by tiny space debris (碎片).
The Shenzhou XVII astronauts, 31 are the sixth crew to inhabit the Tiangong space station, arrived at the enormous flying outpost on Oct. 26, 2023 to take over from their peers (同行) in the Shenzhou XVI mission.
On Dec. 21, the crew performed their first spacewalk 32 finished a host of tasks including carrying out test repairs, too. They are scheduled 33 (wrap) up their spaceflight at the end of April and will hand over the Tiangong space station 34 the Shenzhou XVIII crew before returning to Earth.
Passage5
（2024·河北沧州·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China launched a remote-sensing satellite for Earth observation, according to China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, 35 said in a news release that the Gaofen 12D was carried by a Long March 4C rocket that lifted off at 1:45 am at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center and 36 (success) arrived in its orbit.
Remote-sensing satellites refer to those 37 (task) with observing, surveying and measuring objects on land or at sea as well as monitoring weather. Developed by the Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology, the Gaofen 12D 38 (equip) with microwave payloads and its data will be used in land mapping, urban planning, agricultural yield forecasting, and disaster prevention.
China launched the Gaofen program in May 2010 and listed it 39 one of the 16 national important projects in science and technology. By now, the program has established a massive space-based system with more than 30 satellites in 40 (act) service. Images and data from the Gaofen satellites have been widely used at thousands of research bodies and enterprises in dozens of 41 (industry) across China and have helped reduce the country's 42 (depend) on foreign remote-sensing products.
The Long March 4C rocket, also 43 product of the Shanghai-based academy, has a liftoff weight of 250 metric tons, and is mainly used to send satellites to sun-synchronous orbit. It is capable of 44 (transport) satellites with a combined weight of 3 metric tons to a
typical sun-synchronous orbit 700 kilometers above the Earth.
Passage6
（2024·全国·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In a classic tale, Hansel and Gretel dropped breadcrumbs (面包屑) while walking through a 45 (risk) forest so that they wouldn’t lose their way. Drawing inspiration from this, scientists believe rovers (探测器) may one day use a similar trick to move across other planets 46 losing their data.
Typically, all the information a rover 47 (gather) before will be lost if it permanently loses communication during a mission. 48 (avoid) this, scientists suggest using a multi-rover system in which a “so n rover” is connected to a “mother rover”. The son rover would then go into any especially uncertain area, such as a cave, 49 (move) on to spread sensors the size of breadcrumbs along the way, which could then communicate 50 (direct) with each other through a wireless network and channel any collected data back to the mother rover. As a 51 (prove) of concept, theoretical physicist Wolfgang Fink’s team built their first “breadcrumb” sensors communicating via Wi-Fi.
This is just one of the most impressive applications 52 come to your knowledge in terms of the breadcrumb strategy. It can also be useful here on Earth because a rover can 53 (send) with the “breadcrumb” sensors to disaster-stricken areas and transfer (传送) the information to people, no matter 54 dangerous it is.
Passage7
（2024·河南·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has set up its 55 (one) deep space exploration laboratory with the purpose of carrying out deep space exploration as well as cutting-edge technology research in the field of spaceflight. The laboratory, 56 (locate) in Anhui province, is a new type of science and technology research and development institution that realizes the integration of science, technology and engineering.
The laboratory is 57 (support) deep space exploration and carry out frontier, 58 (base) and strategic research in the field. It will also undertake research and demonstration. The laboratory is an open platform 59 international talents can come to work.
After the 60 (complete) of the Tianwen Ⅰ mission, China will also plan a number of Tianwen series of planetary exploration missions to explore the vastness of space. 61 will be the Tianwen Ⅱ, Tianwen Ⅲ, Tianwen Ⅳ, etc. The main task of the follow-up is to explore the asteroids (小行星) in deep space. The asteroid samples 62 (collect) back. After that, China will be prepared to explore Jupiter and other planets in the solar system, 63 (hope) to complete the exploration of 100 astronomical units in 2049, to reach 15 billion kilometers from Earth, or even 64 the edge of the solar system.
（2024·新疆·一模）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The year of 2023 marks the 20th anniversary of China’s first manned space mission, with Yang Liwei 65 (become) the first Chinese astronaut to go to space in 2003. Since then, another 19 astronauts 66 (reach) for the stars. Experts revealed how tough the training is before astronauts soaring (高飞) to space.
The human body is not designed for space life. Astronauts are faced with multiple challenges. The changes in gravity can have an impact 67 their bodies. The confinement (封闭) in a small spacecraft can damage their mental health. 68 (emergency) challenge their knowledge and ability. So astronauts have to meet 69 (extreme) high standards and go through a tough training program.
To make sure astronauts complete their missions and return to Earth safely, eight types, including over 200 subjects of training, were set. Apart from physical fitness training, it also contains 70 (base) scientific theories, psychological health, and mock (模拟) missions.
71 makes the training the most tiring is underwater training. This training is designed for astronauts 72 (adapt) to the microgravity environment. Astronauts stay underwater in suits weighing over 100 kilograms for six hours at 73 time. Water resistance and the heavy suit make astronauts 74 (exhaust).
Each astronaut receives training for at least three and a half years before having the chance to
go to space.
Passage9
（2024·广东·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Tianzhou 7 robotic cargo ship is scheduled 75 (launch) in the coming days, according to the China Manned Space Agency. A Long March 7 carrier rocket, tasked with lifting the Tianzhou 7, has been moved to its launch service tower at the Wenchang Space Launch Center in Hainan province.
Tianzhou 7 will become the 76 (twelve) spaceship to visit the Chinese space station. It will deliver propellants (推进剂), science payloads and necessities for the Shenzhou XVII astronauts, 77 have been in orbit for 81 days.
Pang Zhihao, an expert on space exploration technology said that the Tianzhou 7 78 (expect) to transport living necessities and work materials 79 the Tiangong to support the Shenzhou XVII and XVIII mission crews.
The Long March 7 model is a liquid-fueled rocket 80 (develop) by the China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology. The rocket has a 81 (high) of 53.1 meters, a core-stage diameter of 3.35 meters, and a liftoff weight of 597 metric tons. With six 120-ton-thrust engines, the launch vehicle can send 13.5 tons of payload to a low-Earth orbit 82 5.5 tons to a sun-synchronous orbit.
83 (orbit) Earth at about 400 kilometers above the ground, Tiangong has three permanent parts — a core module and two science capsules — and is 84 (regular) connected to several visiting crew and cargo spaceships.
Passage10
（2024·安徽·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese calligraphy is an artistic practice of writing Chinese characters, often with a brush and ink on xuan paper. The evolution of Chinese calligraphy 85 (begin) alongside the earliest Chinese characters discovered to date. Over time, calligraphy gradually took shape as a
form of art rather than 86 mere means of record. The five major styles of script, running, cursive (草书), official, seal (篆书) and regular, were born from such calligraphy.
Calligraphy is a demanding and 87 (advance) art. The type of brush, quantity of ink and quality of paper can all alter the output. From brush direction to speed of writing, every twist and turn of the wrist 88 (calculate). Structure of individual characters and spatial layout as a whole determine its quality. Moreover, it is said that the emotions and philosophy of the writer are 89 (direct) reflected on calligraphy.
Calligraphy is refined art. Lan Ting Xu (The Orchid Pavilion Preface), 90 was created by Wang Xizhi during the Eastern Jin Dynasty (317-420), is one of the most celebrated 91 (masterpiece) of Chinese calligraphy. Its elegance and expressive brushwork make it significant in Chinese literature. However, calligraphy is also 92 reach, like the spring festival couplets on the doors of folks, 93 (represent) aesthetic (审美的) appreciation for the Chinese.
Where there is Chinese language, there is Chinese calligraphy, 94 where there is calligraphy, there is beauty. The artistry is still highly valued today, for it is more than just writing, it is living heritage.
Passage11
（2024·安徽滁州·二模）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Language is naturally acquired when children are able to use it pleasurably, and language acquisition by children 95 (them) saves both time and labor, said English-language education expert Chen Yaping.
Based 96 observation and study, the professor at the School of English and International Studies at Beijing Foreign Studies University and director of its Child Language Research Centre, said Chinese children 97 (common) lack access to genuine English dialogues for learning and using 98 language.
Chen 99 (suggest) that children make use of dialogues that meet actual daily needs and read 100 (grade) materials or picture books that match their cognitive (认知)
level and interest and which are of practical use.
She said that reading is a shortcut to learning English in a foreign language environment, as quality reading materials introduce children to genuine dialogue they can reproduce in real-life 101 (conversation).
“Children read because they love to read, not because they are told that reading is important for learning English. We should allow them 102 (give) up reading a book halfway through and pick up another one 103 they are more interested in,” said Chen.
She added that relieving anxiety, making children feel safe, and allowing them to experience a sense of 104 (achieve) are vital to learning English.
Passage12
（2024·河北张家口·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In 2017, when Bonino was working for a Spanish e-commerce company doing business in Chile, she received an invitation from China 105 (participate) in a forum (论坛) about the Belt and Road Initiative. In 2013, China proposed this initiative to improve 106 (connect) between the countries along and beyond the ancient Silk Road routes. By 2023, 22 South American countries, including Chile, 107 (join) the initiative.
At first, Bonino was hesitant about 108 trip because she had an extremely 109 (limit) understanding of China. Her references to the country were only the Chinatowns in a few cities around the world. She said, “But then I figured this might be a little different from what I know. And so, 110 the end, I accepted the invitation.”
In June 2017, Bonino visited China for three weeks, and found 111 (her) pleasantly surprised. She recalled, “I was crazy about China. It fascinated me.”
She was so impressed 112 she found a way to return that same year and eventually got a master’s degree in business administration in Beijing. After 113 (complete) her graduate studies, she worked in China for a while and discovered a few new 114 (opportunity), all in all, living in the country from 2017 to 2019.
Today, Bonino manages Los Andes Beltroad from Chile, in the export of cherries and plums from the Andes Mountains to the Chinese market.
Passage13
（2024·湖南·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Sichuan cuisine, one of the eight major cuisines in China, is now popular all over the world. In February 2010, Chengdu 115 (award) the honorary title of “City of Gastronomy” (美食之都) by UNESCO. To experience comprehensive Sichuan cuisine culture, you should definitely visit Sichuan Cuisine Museum (also Chuancais Museum), the first museum 116 (display) a regional cooking culture in the world.
117 (cover) an area of more than 40 mu, the museum forms 118 unique cultural landscape of ancient Kingdom of Shu in Chinese history. In this AAA national museum, you can appreciate more than 6,000 pieces of antique and cultural relics related to Sichuan cuisine culture, as well as 119 (catch) a glimpse of new style classic garden scenery and traditional western Sichuan style folk houses. Sichuan Cuisine Museum is the only “EATABLE MUSEUM”, 120 you can not only learn Sichuan cuisine culture by using eyes and ears, but also enjoy it by using mouth and nose. Interesting, meaningful and featured activities are 121 (special) designed from the moment you stepped into the museum to the time you leave. The highlighted experience for your visit should be cooking the typical Sichuan dishes 122 the guidance of the professional chef. There is arguably no better way to know more about a cuisine 123 learning how to cook it yourself.
Start your 124 (explore) from Sichuan Cuisine Museum, enjoy different aspects of Sichuan cuisine, satisfy your curiosity and taste buds and experience all fun for “Playing with Chuancais”.
Passage14
（2024·江苏·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Following the barbecue-induced travel craze to the city of Zibo in East China, Chinese social media has once again highlighted the next internet-famous city worthy of 125 (explore).
This time it’s Tianshui, a low-key city in China’s Gansu province that 126 (take) the spotlight recently. It has attracted considerable attention 127 food enthusiasts and social media influencers online, 128 (celebrate) the city’s iconic dish of hot pot.
Known as Tianshui Malatang, which 129 (literal) means spicy and hot, the local dish is popular for its large portion of skewered meat, vegetables, 130 hand-made potato noodles in a pot of boiling broth (肉汤).
Two food bloggers, with over 3 million followers in their account on the popular Chinese Weibo, 131 (be) among the influencers praising the deliciousness of Tianshui Malatang. Their vlogs show eager food enthusiasts lining up on the streets, many of 132 traveled from cities far away.
Dong Liangyan, 29, from Daqing in Heilongjiang province, 133 (locate) more than 2,000 km away from Tianshui, told Xinhua that she was absolutely delighted 134 (enjoy) the local delicacy.
Passage15
（2024·上海普陀·二模）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
What If You’re Not Good at English
Researchers whose first language is not English can spend around twice as long reading an English scientific journal article as native speakers. For a PhD student, that can mean 135 (spend) up to 19 additional working days per year just reading papers.
These statistics, 136 (publish) today in PLOS Biology, might not be shocking, researchers say, but it’s important to measure the effects of language barriers on the careers of
academics 137 are not fluent in English. “It is the first step for the scientific community 138 (make) more efforts to solve this problem”, says Tatsuya Amano, a biodiversity researcher at the University of Queensland in Brisbane, Australia, and a co-author of the study.
The team found that among scientists who had published only one paper in English, scientists from countries 139 English is generally poor spent 29.8 percent more time writing papers than native English speakers; 140 from countries with moderate English proficiency (能力) spent 50.6% more time. Similarly, the researchers found that people from countries with low English proficiency spent an average of 90.8 percent more time reading scientific articles 141 native English speakers.
At conferences, even those who overcome obstacles face difficulties in presenting their work in English. Germana Barata, a researcher who 142 (specialize) in science communication at the State University of Campinas in Brazil, says that despite being fluent in English, she still feels uncomfortable at times. “We 143 (give) the same amount of time to present, but all that we can say in 10 minutes is different from 144 a native speaker can say,” she points out.Part A
1.（2024·重庆九龙坡·二模）The 8 (object) remain stable even when covered by things in the foreground
（2024·河北沧州·一模）The launch successfully delivered three commercial satellites into the 13 planned (plan) orbit about 460 kilometers above the Earth, further highlighting the 14 (mature) and stability of the ZQ-2 carrier rocket
3.（2024·北京东城·一模）A growing number of 24 (educate) say the panic about AI is a lot like the panic caused by the Internet when it was new. One of them says, “ChatGPT is to English and to writing what the calculator is to math.”
（2024·河北·模拟预测）“With the 28 (cooperate) and assistance from ground controllers and the space station’s robotic arm, the team completed all their assigned tasks successfully
（2024·河北沧州·模拟预测） Images and data from the Gaofen satellites have been widely used at thousands of research bodies and enterprises in dozens of 41 (industry) across China．
6.（2024·全国·模拟预测）As a 51 (prove) of concept, theoretical physicist Wolfgang Fink’s team built their first “breadcrumb” sensors communicating via Wi-Fi.
7.（2024·河南·一模）After the 60 (complete) of the Tianwen Ⅰ mission, China will also plan a number of Tianwen series of planetary exploration missions to explore the vastness of space.（2024·新疆·一模）The confinement (封闭) in a small spacecraft can damage their mental health. 68 (emergency) challenge their knowledge and ability.
9（2024·广东·模拟预测）The rocket has a 81 (high) of 53.1 meters, a core-stage diameter of 3.35 meters, and a liftoff weight of 597 metric tons.
10.（2024·安徽·三模）Lan Ting Xu (The Orchid Pavilion Preface),is one of the most celebrated 91 (masterpiece) of Chinese calligraphy
11.（2024·安徽滁州·二模）She said that reading is a shortcut to learning English in a foreign language environment, as quality reading materials introduce children to genuine dialogue they can reproduce in real-life 101 (conversation).
12（2024·安徽滁州·二模）Chen 99 (suggest) that children make use of dialogues that
meet actual daily needs and read 100 (grade) materials or picture books that match their cognitive (认知) level and interest and which are of practical use.
（2024·河北张家口·模拟预测）At first, Bonino was hesitant about the trip because she had an extremely 109 (limit) understanding of China.
14.（2024·湖南·一模）Interesting, meaningful and featured activities are 121 (special) designed from the moment you stepped into the museum to the time you leave.
15.（2024·江苏·模拟预测）Known as Tianshui Malatang, which 129 (literal) means spicy and hot, the local dish is popular for its large portion of skewered meat
16.（2024·上海普陀·二模） It is believed that by arranging things 158 (appropriate), one can harmonize the energies of the natural world
17.(2024·辽宁·模拟预测）Mount Tai, is a representative of Chinese mountains with 165 (impress) views and beautiful natural scenery
18.（2024·湖北·三模）So far, Shoushan Stone, 283 (official) named “China National Stone”, becoming a symbol of elegance, dignity and wisdom, which is worthy of collection.
19.（2024·河北沧州·模拟预测）the Gaofen 12D was carried by a Long March 4C rocket that lifted off at 1:45 am at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center and 36 (success) arrived in its orbit.
20.（2024·全国·模拟预测）In a classic tale, Hansel and Gretel dropped breadcrumbs (面包屑) while walking through a 45 (risk) forest so that they wouldn’t lose their way.
Part B
Passage1
（2024·重庆九龙坡·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It is a beautiful drone (无人机) shot, 1 popular kind of video you might see in a travel video. However, there is no drone 2 camera, and you needn’t travel in person because the video was generated by AI, which is from a new tool programmed by Open AI called Sora.
It’s not perfect, but it’s a large step up from what we’ve seen before. What most people
don’t know is 3 Sora can do more than just create videos from scratch. It can combine separate videos into one scene. And its videos can be up 4 a minute long and in 1080p resolution.
5 (compare) with Runway ML, the difference with Sora is that it’s coherent. Previous system have a 6 (character) morphing (图像渐变) quality as the video 7 (progress). With Sora, that’s vastly reduced or gone altogether. The 8 (object) remain stable even when covered by things in the foreground. We’ve seen something similar to this in research since 2019, but what is new is the ability 9 (combine) two videos together in one scene. It can also make up different camera angles of a single scene with just one prompt.
Sora, like digital audio workstation 10 (envelop) recording studios several years ago, must be a trend soon.
Passage2
（2024·河北沧州·一模）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确
形式。
The ZQ-2 Y3 rocket, developed by Chinese privately-owned aerospace company LandSpace, 11 (launch) into space on September 9th, 2023 from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, taking three satellites into orbit.
It is the second successful flight for the company with the ZQ-2 series rocket, the 12 (late) example of Chinese privately-owned aerospace companies sending satellites into orbit. The launch successfully delivered three commercial satellites into the 13 (plan) orbit about 460 kilometers above the Earth, further highlighting the 14 (mature) and stability of the ZQ-2 carrier rocket, and also 15 (mark) a step forward for the company and China’s commercial aerospace industry.
The ZQ-2 Y3 has 16 total length of 49.5 meters, which is capable of placing a 1.5-ton payload into a typical sun-synchronous orbit at about 500 kilometers above the Earth. Future models could ultimately increase the payload to four tons, 17 can facilitate the deployment (部署) of low earth orbit satellites and cargo spacecraft.
Now China is home 18 world-class enterprises in the fields of raw materials,
electronic information, and equipment required for rocket manufacturing (制造). 19 (obvious), the rapid development of China’s commercial aerospace companies and the domestically developed rockets with cost advantages 20 (benefit) China’s Internet constellation (互联网星座) construction plan greatly in the future.
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（2024·北京东城·一模）语法填空
ChatGPT is a chatbot. Some schools 21 (ban) it since its birth. They need time to make rules about 22 it’s to be used properly in class. Some teachers see it as a 23 (cheat) tool. But many principals believe it’s too late to keep AI out of classrooms. A growing number of 24 (educate) say the panic about AI is a lot like the panic caused by the Internet when it was new. One of them says, “ChatGPT is to English and to writing what the calculator is to math.”
Passage4
（2024·河北·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Shenzhou XVII crew conducted their second spacewalk outside the Tiangong space station on Saturday, 25 (complete) the first repair operation by Chinese astronauts, according to the China Manned Space Agency.
The agency said that mission commander Tang Hongbo and crew member Jiang Xinlin 26 (return) to the Wentian science module (舱) at 1:32 pm after floating for nearly eight hours outside the huge orbital station. The 27 (three) crew member Tang Shengjie, stayed inside Tiangong to provide support.
“With the 28 (cooperate) and assistance from ground controllers and the space station’s robotic arm, the team completed all their assigned tasks 29 (successful),” the agency said. It was the 15th spacewalk 30 (carry) out by Chinese astronauts. During the spacewalk, Tang Hongbo and Jiang Xinlin repaired damage to parts on the Tianhe core module’s solar wings that was caused by tiny space debris (碎片).
The Shenzhou XVII astronauts, 31 are the sixth crew to inhabit the Tiangong space station, arrived at the enormous flying outpost on Oct. 26, 2023 to take over from their peers (同行) in the Shenzhou XVI mission.
On Dec. 21, the crew performed their first spacewalk 32 finished a host of tasks including carrying out test repairs, too. They are scheduled 33 (wrap) up their spaceflight at the end of April and will hand over the Tiangong space station 34 the Shenzhou XVIII crew before returning to Earth.
Passage5
（2024·河北沧州·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China launched a remote-sensing satellite for Earth observation, according to China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, 35 said in a news release that the Gaofen 12D was carried by a Long March 4C rocket that lifted off at 1:45 am at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center and 36 (success) arrived in its orbit.
Remote-sensing satellites refer to those 37 (task) with observing, surveying and measuring objects on land or at sea as well as monitoring weather. Developed by the Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology, the Gaofen 12D 38 (equip) with microwave payloads and its data will be used in land mapping, urban planning, agricultural yield forecasting, and disaster prevention.
China launched the Gaofen program in May 2010 and listed it 39 one of the 16 national important projects in science and technology. By now, the program has established a massive space-based system with more than 30 satellites in 40 (act) service. Images and data from the Gaofen satellites have been widely used at thousands of research bodies and enterprises in dozens of 41 (industry) across China and have helped reduce the country's 42 (depend) on foreign remote-sensing products.
The Long March 4C rocket, also 43 product of the Shanghai-based academy, has a liftoff weight of 250 metric tons, and is mainly used to send satellites to sun-synchronous orbit. It is capable of 44 (transport) satellites with a combined weight of 3 metric tons to a
typical sun-synchronous orbit 700 kilometers above the Earth.
Passage6
（2024·全国·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In a classic tale, Hansel and Gretel dropped breadcrumbs (面包屑) while walking through a 45 (risk) forest so that they wouldn’t lose their way. Drawing inspiration from this, scientists believe rovers (探测器) may one day use a similar trick to move across other planets 46 losing their data.
Typically, all the information a rover 47 (gather) before will be lost if it permanently loses communication during a mission. 48 (avoid) this, scientists suggest using a multi-rover system in which a “so n rover” is connected to a “mother rover”. The son rover would then go into any especially uncertain area, such as a cave, 49 (move) on to spread sensors the size of breadcrumbs along the way, which could then communicate 50 (direct) with each other through a wireless network and channel any collected data back to the mother rover. As a 51 (prove) of concept, theoretical physicist Wolfgang Fink’s team built their first “breadcrumb” sensors communicating via Wi-Fi.
This is just one of the most impressive applications 52 come to your knowledge in terms of the breadcrumb strategy. It can also be useful here on Earth because a rover can 53 (send) with the “breadcrumb” sensors to disaster-stricken areas and transfer (传送) the information to people, no matter 54 dangerous it is.
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（2024·河南·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has set up its 55 (one) deep space exploration laboratory with the purpose of carrying out deep space exploration as well as cutting-edge technology research in the field of spaceflight. The laboratory, 56 (locate) in Anhui province, is a new type of science and technology research and development institution that realizes the integration of science, technology and engineering.
The laboratory is 57 (support) deep space exploration and carry out frontier, 58 (base) and strategic research in the field. It will also undertake research and demonstration. The laboratory is an open platform 59 international talents can come to work.
After the 60 (complete) of the Tianwen Ⅰ mission, China will also plan a number of Tianwen series of planetary exploration missions to explore the vastness of space. 61 will be the Tianwen Ⅱ, Tianwen Ⅲ, Tianwen Ⅳ, etc. The main task of the follow-up is to explore the asteroids (小行星) in deep space. The asteroid samples 62 (collect) back. After that, China will be prepared to explore Jupiter and other planets in the solar system, 63 (hope) to complete the exploration of 100 astronomical units in 2049, to reach 15 billion kilometers from Earth, or even 64 the edge of the solar system.
（2024·新疆·一模）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The year of 2023 marks the 20th anniversary of China’s first manned space mission, with Yang Liwei 65 (become) the first Chinese astronaut to go to space in 2003. Since then, another 19 astronauts 66 (reach) for the stars. Experts revealed how tough the training is before astronauts soaring (高飞) to space.
The human body is not designed for space life. Astronauts are faced with multiple challenges. The changes in gravity can have an impact 67 their bodies. The confinement (封闭) in a small spacecraft can damage their mental health. 68 (emergency) challenge their knowledge and ability. So astronauts have to meet 69 (extreme) high standards and go through a tough training program.
To make sure astronauts complete their missions and return to Earth safely, eight types, including over 200 subjects of training, were set. Apart from physical fitness training, it also contains 70 (base) scientific theories, psychological health, and mock (模拟) missions.
71 makes the training the most tiring is underwater training. This training is designed for astronauts 72 (adapt) to the microgravity environment. Astronauts stay underwater in suits weighing over 100 kilograms for six hours at 73 time. Water resistance and the heavy suit make astronauts 74 (exhaust).
Each astronaut receives training for at least three and a half years before having the chance to
go to space.
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（2024·广东·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Tianzhou 7 robotic cargo ship is scheduled 75 (launch) in the coming days, according to the China Manned Space Agency. A Long March 7 carrier rocket, tasked with lifting the Tianzhou 7, has been moved to its launch service tower at the Wenchang Space Launch Center in Hainan province.
Tianzhou 7 will become the 76 (twelve) spaceship to visit the Chinese space station. It will deliver propellants (推进剂), science payloads and necessities for the Shenzhou XVII astronauts, 77 have been in orbit for 81 days.
Pang Zhihao, an expert on space exploration technology said that the Tianzhou 7 78 (expect) to transport living necessities and work materials 79 the Tiangong to support the Shenzhou XVII and XVIII mission crews.
The Long March 7 model is a liquid-fueled rocket 80 (develop) by the China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology. The rocket has a 81 (high) of 53.1 meters, a core-stage diameter of 3.35 meters, and a liftoff weight of 597 metric tons. With six 120-ton-thrust engines, the launch vehicle can send 13.5 tons of payload to a low-Earth orbit 82 5.5 tons to a sun-synchronous orbit.
83 (orbit) Earth at about 400 kilometers above the ground, Tiangong has three permanent parts — a core module and two science capsules — and is 84 (regular) connected to several visiting crew and cargo spaceships.
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（2024·安徽·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese calligraphy is an artistic practice of writing Chinese characters, often with a brush and ink on xuan paper. The evolution of Chinese calligraphy 85 (begin) alongside the earliest Chinese characters discovered to date. Over time, calligraphy gradually took shape as a
form of art rather than 86 mere means of record. The five major styles of script, running, cursive (草书), official, seal (篆书) and regular, were born from such calligraphy.
Calligraphy is a demanding and 87 (advance) art. The type of brush, quantity of ink and quality of paper can all alter the output. From brush direction to speed of writing, every twist and turn of the wrist 88 (calculate). Structure of individual characters and spatial layout as a whole determine its quality. Moreover, it is said that the emotions and philosophy of the writer are 89 (direct) reflected on calligraphy.
Calligraphy is refined art. Lan Ting Xu (The Orchid Pavilion Preface), 90 was created by Wang Xizhi during the Eastern Jin Dynasty (317-420), is one of the most celebrated 91 (masterpiece) of Chinese calligraphy. Its elegance and expressive brushwork make it significant in Chinese literature. However, calligraphy is also 92 reach, like the spring festival couplets on the doors of folks, 93 (represent) aesthetic (审美的) appreciation for the Chinese.
Where there is Chinese language, there is Chinese calligraphy, 94 where there is calligraphy, there is beauty. The artistry is still highly valued today, for it is more than just writing, it is living heritage.
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（2024·安徽滁州·二模）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Language is naturally acquired when children are able to use it pleasurably, and language acquisition by children 95 (them) saves both time and labor, said English-language education expert Chen Yaping.
Based 96 observation and study, the professor at the School of English and International Studies at Beijing Foreign Studies University and director of its Child Language Research Centre, said Chinese children 97 (common) lack access to genuine English dialogues for learning and using 98 language.
Chen 99 (suggest) that children make use of dialogues that meet actual daily needs and read 100 (grade) materials or picture books that match their cognitive (认知)
level and interest and which are of practical use.
She said that reading is a shortcut to learning English in a foreign language environment, as quality reading materials introduce children to genuine dialogue they can reproduce in real-life 101 (conversation).
“Children read because they love to read, not because they are told that reading is important for learning English. We should allow them 102 (give) up reading a book halfway through and pick up another one 103 they are more interested in,” said Chen.
She added that relieving anxiety, making children feel safe, and allowing them to experience a sense of 104 (achieve) are vital to learning English.
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（2024·河北张家口·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In 2017, when Bonino was working for a Spanish e-commerce company doing business in Chile, she received an invitation from China 105 (participate) in a forum (论坛) about the Belt and Road Initiative. In 2013, China proposed this initiative to improve 106 (connect) between the countries along and beyond the ancient Silk Road routes. By 2023, 22 South American countries, including Chile, 107 (join) the initiative.
At first, Bonino was hesitant about 108 trip because she had an extremely 109 (limit) understanding of China. Her references to the country were only the Chinatowns in a few cities around the world. She said, “But then I figured this might be a little different from what I know. And so, 110 the end, I accepted the invitation.”
In June 2017, Bonino visited China for three weeks, and found 111 (her) pleasantly surprised. She recalled, “I was crazy about China. It fascinated me.”
She was so impressed 112 she found a way to return that same year and eventually got a master’s degree in business administration in Beijing. After 113 (complete) her graduate studies, she worked in China for a while and discovered a few new 114 (opportunity), all in all, living in the country from 2017 to 2019.
Today, Bonino manages Los Andes Beltroad from Chile, in the export of cherries and plums from the Andes Mountains to the Chinese market.
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（2024·湖南·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Sichuan cuisine, one of the eight major cuisines in China, is now popular all over the world. In February 2010, Chengdu 115 (award) the honorary title of “City of Gastronomy” (美食之都) by UNESCO. To experience comprehensive Sichuan cuisine culture, you should definitely visit Sichuan Cuisine Museum (also Chuancais Museum), the first museum 116 (display) a regional cooking culture in the world.
117 (cover) an area of more than 40 mu, the museum forms 118 unique cultural landscape of ancient Kingdom of Shu in Chinese history. In this AAA national museum, you can appreciate more than 6,000 pieces of antique and cultural relics related to Sichuan cuisine culture, as well as 119 (catch) a glimpse of new style classic garden scenery and traditional western Sichuan style folk houses. Sichuan Cuisine Museum is the only “EATABLE MUSEUM”, 120 you can not only learn Sichuan cuisine culture by using eyes and ears, but also enjoy it by using mouth and nose. Interesting, meaningful and featured activities are 121 (special) designed from the moment you stepped into the museum to the time you leave. The highlighted experience for your visit should be cooking the typical Sichuan dishes 122 the guidance of the professional chef. There is arguably no better way to know more about a cuisine 123 learning how to cook it yourself.
Start your 124 (explore) from Sichuan Cuisine Museum, enjoy different aspects of Sichuan cuisine, satisfy your curiosity and taste buds and experience all fun for “Playing with Chuancais”.
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（2024·江苏·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Following the barbecue-induced travel craze to the city of Zibo in East China, Chinese social media has once again highlighted the next internet-famous city worthy of 125 (explore).
This time it’s Tianshui, a low-key city in China’s Gansu province that 126 (take) the spotlight recently. It has attracted considerable attention 127 food enthusiasts and social media influencers online, 128 (celebrate) the city’s iconic dish of hot pot.
Known as Tianshui Malatang, which 129 (literal) means spicy and hot, the local dish is popular for its large portion of skewered meat, vegetables, 130 hand-made potato noodles in a pot of boiling broth (肉汤).
Two food bloggers, with over 3 million followers in their account on the popular Chinese Weibo, 131 (be) among the influencers praising the deliciousness of Tianshui Malatang. Their vlogs show eager food enthusiasts lining up on the streets, many of 132 traveled from cities far away.
Dong Liangyan, 29, from Daqing in Heilongjiang province, 133 (locate) more than 2,000 km away from Tianshui, told Xinhua that she was absolutely delighted 134 (enjoy) the local delicacy.
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（2024·上海普陀·二模）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
What If You’re Not Good at English
Researchers whose first language is not English can spend around twice as long reading an English scientific journal article as native speakers. For a PhD student, that can mean 135 (spend) up to 19 additional working days per year just reading papers.
These statistics, 136 (publish) today in PLOS Biology, might not be shocking, researchers say, but it’s important to measure the effects of language barriers on the careers of
academics 137 are not fluent in English. “It is the first step for the scientific community 138 (make) more efforts to solve this problem”, says Tatsuya Amano, a biodiversity researcher at the University of Queensland in Brisbane, Australia, and a co-author of the study.
The team found that among scientists who had published only one paper in English, scientists from countries 139 English is generally poor spent 29.8 percent more time writing papers than native English speakers; 140 from countries with moderate English proficiency (能力) spent 50.6% more time. Similarly, the researchers found that people from countries with low English proficiency spent an average of 90.8 percent more time reading scientific articles 141 native English speakers.
At conferences, even those who overcome obstacles face difficulties in presenting their work in English. Germana Barata, a researcher who 142 (specialize) in science communication at the State University of Campinas in Brazil, says that despite being fluent in English, she still feels uncomfortable at times. “We 143 (give) the same amount of time to present, but all that we can say in 10 minutes is different from 144 a native speaker can say,” she points out.
