2023-2024学年度第二学期期中考试
高二英语试卷
考试时间：120分钟 分值：150分
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What did the man do yesterday
A. He played music.
B. He watched a competition.
C. He practiced running in the track.
2. What did the woman order for lunch
A. Fries. B. A sandwich. C. Mushroom soup.
3. What kind of movie does the man want to watch
A. An action movie. B. A comedy. C. A horror film.
4. Why is the man in a hurry
A. He is rushing home.
B. He is late for a meeting.
C. He is doing the running exercise.
5. What does the woman mean
A. She thinks the man told a lie.
B. She believes it was dangerous for the man.
C. She feels sorry about the man's experience.
第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. How many daily things did the woman do yesterday
A. Three. B. Four. C. Five.
7. Where does the man need to go today
A. To the bank. B. To the supermarket. C. To the post office
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. According to the man, what do you know about his wife
A. She is fond of shopping.
B. She is only likes certain things.
C. She works in a department store.
9. What color did the man want
A. Black. B. Brown. C. Blue.
10. What did the man buy
A A scarf. B. A pair of gloves. C. A sweater.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Which state does the woman think had the best weather
A. South Carolina. B. Geogia. C. North Carolina.
12. How many types of fish did the woman catch
A. One. B. Two. C. Three.
13. When might the woman go back to fish next time
A. In July. B. In October. C. In December.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Colleagues. B. Teacher and student. C. Parent and child.
15. What does the woman suggest the man do
A. Save all the work for the final week.
B. Use the trip time to study for the exams.
C. Form good habits and get started early.
16 What are the speakers mainly talk about
A. A research paper. B. The classroom management. C. The plan for the end of term.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What did the customer think of the first fries
A. They were unsatisfying. B. They were delicious. C. They were salty
18. Why did George Crum serve the customer extremely thin fries
A. He wanted the customer to be happy.
B. He was bothered by the customer's requests.
C. He wanted to try making a new style of fries.
19. How did the customer react to the last plate of fries
A. He found them nice. B. He refused to eat them. C. He complained to the chef.
20. What did George Crum do with his new invention
A. He sold the chips in stores.
B. He sold the recipe to his customer.
C. He sold the snack idea to other restaurants.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
A huge number of exchange programs and summer school programs are offered to international students around foreign universities worldwide. Today we explain the top student exchange programs -and -summer programs offered to foreign students.
Vienna Summer School
Vienna Summer School provides an incredible opportunity for 30 bachelor-level students to research side by side with world top researchers in the field of bioengineering. This paid summer program aims to attract international students and create an excellent research environment. This is a perfect opportunity for those students who are interested in the field of life science. The duration of Vienna Summer School is from Saturday, July 1 to August 28,2023.
SUSI Student Leaders Program
Bachelor-level students in Pakistan who are interested in the topic of public, local, state and federal policy making are invited to study in the USA through the short-tern SUSI student program 2023 held at the University of Massachusetts. This is an exchange program for Pakistani students. All expenses and accommodation costs will be covered by SUSI, so the application period is very short.
Hansen Leadership Exchange Program
The Hansen Summer Institute for Leadership is now open for the summer exchange program 2023. The Hansen summer program offers the opportunity to the USA and international students to build better leadership skills and a cultural understanding environment for the future. This 3-week summer exchange program is open for undergraduate, graduate,and doctoral students with any academic background.
IWP Summer Exchange Program
IWP Summer Exchange Program 2023 is a two-week writing and culture exchange program for Pakistani and Indian students in Iowa City, USA. The applicant from 18 to 22 from these countries with a background in art humanities is welcome to apply. This program will focus on creativity and is free for the selected applicants. The selected candidates will work together on the creation of paintings and sculptures.
1. Which program suits students who like biology
A. Vienna Summer School.
B. SUSI Student Leaders Program.
C. IWP Summer Exchange Program.
D. Hansen Leadership Exchange Program.
2. Why should students apply for SUSI Student Leaders Program early
A. It is fully funded.
B. It is a short-term program.
C. It is limited to postgraduates.
D. It is supported by the government.
3. What will students in IWP Summer Exchange Program do
A. Offer policy advice. B. Conduct research.
C. Write academic papers. D. Create artworks.
B
For 85 years, the Harvard Study of Adult Development has tracked an original group of 724 men and more than 1,300 of their male and female descendants (后代) over three generations, asking thousands of questions and taking hundreds of measurements to find out what really keeps people healthy and happy.
Through all the years of studying these lives, one crucial factor stands out for the consistency and power of its bond to physical health, mental health and longevity: good relationships.
In 2008, researchers telephoned the wives and husbands of Harvard Study couples in their 80s every night for eight nights. Researchers spoke to each partner separately and asked them a series of questions about their days.
On days when these men and women spent more time in the company of others, they were happier. Like most older people, those in the Harvard Study experienced day-to-day rises and falls in their levels of physical pain and health difficulties. But researchers found that the people who were in more satisfying relationships were cushioned (缓冲) somewhat from these ups and downs of mood—their happiness did not decline as much on the days when they had more pain. Simply put, their happy marriages seemed to have a protective effect.
Elizabeth Gillespie, a therapist of couples, stated that although most of us found that our experience of relationships might be hard, and at times, impossible, it is essential to our well-being.
Today we live in much more complicated environments, so meeting our social needs presents different challenges. We might be sitting on a gold mine of vitality that we are not paying attention to, because it is hidden by the shiny appeal of smartphones or pushed to the side by work demands.
4. What’s the purpose of the Harvard Study of Adult Development
A. To study their lives over three generations.
B. To reveal the secret to health and well-being.
C. To track the descendants of an original group.
D. To study the relationship between health and happiness.
5 How did the researchers carry out the study
A. By working with other researchers.
B. By tracking specific groups of people.
C. By helping participants with social difficulties.
D. By comparing the results from different people.
6. Why did the author mention the examples in Paragraph 4
A. To provide evidence for the bond of health and longevity.
B. To introduce the concept of physical pain and health difficulties.
C. To show the negative impact of unhappy marriages on older people’s mood.
D. To support the positive impact of satisfying relationships on people’s lives.
7. According to Elizabeth Gillespie, what is essential to our well-being
A. Having good social connections.
B. Declining pains and difficulties.
C. Overcoming ups and downs of mood.
D. Experiencing rises and falls of physical health.
C
Is the end of homework near As new powerful artificial intelligence tools like ChatGPT take the Internet by storm, teachers concerned with AI-driven cheating are questioning their teaching and assessment methods.
ChatGPT, the most powerful AI language model ever developed by the company OpenAI, remembers the thread of your dialogue，using previous questions and answers to inform its next responses. Deriving its answers from huge volumes of information on the Internet, it is fine-tuned using both supervised and reinforcement learning. It is capable of generating natural-sounding text on demand in just a few seconds. The quality of the copy it produces is sufficient to impress teachers in secondary and higher education, and even researchers.
The use of AI tools in copy-writing has sparked an outcry around the world. In the United States，public schools in New York and Seattle have decided to block ChatGPT from their devices and WiFi networks. In France, the prestigious Sciences Po university in Paris has also just announced a strict ban on its use. But experts question whether bans like these are really effective. On one hand, students will always be able to access tools like ChatGPT through other means than school devices. On the other hand, some question the relevance of blocking access to a digital tool whose use is likely to grow in the professional world in the coming years.
Amelie Cordier, a lecturer in artificial intelligence at Lyon University, notes that students haven’t waited for ChatGPT to try to escape the chore of homework — whether by photocopying the library encyclopedia, copy-pasting content from Wikipedia or enlisting their parents’ help. “What is ultimately very important in the learning process is not so much the subject on which you learn, it’s the methodology that you learn to develop around that subject,” Cordier said.
8. Why does the author raise a question in paragraph 1
A. To arouse the readers’ interest.
B. To show the popularity of ChatGPT.
C. To present the creativity of artificial intelligence.
D. To reveal the negative effects of artificial intelligence.
9. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about ChatGPT
A. Its language model. B. Its working theory.
C. Its design inspiration. D. Its development process.
10. Which of the following is probably the reason for the experts’ question
A. Students can always employ AI tools in other ways.
B. Teachers and researchers are impressed by ChatGPT.
C. The bans have been announced only in the US and France.
D. AI tools have already been widely applied in professional fields.
11. What plays a critical role in learning according to Cordier
A. Parents’ help. B. The system of methods.
C. The library encyclopedia. D. The content from Wikipedia.
D
With nearly a quarter of global greenhouse gas coming from all types of transportation, can we keep ourselves off gas-powered vehicles to avoid the worst effects As more governments push for urgent action on climate change, quite a few companies are betting their future – that millions of consumers are finally ready for electricity-powered vehicles. Modern battery-powered cars are selling fast and zero- emission ( 排放) planes are coming. These changes, both leading to a more sustainable future, are reinventing how we get from here to there.
Cars and trucks are undergoing their greatest improvement since the automobile’s (汽车) existence more than a century ago. Almost overnight, the era of the electric car has arrived. Electricity has the advantage that it works without smell and with less noise. Global annual sales of electric vehicles are expected to soar from just over 3 million today to 14 million by 2025. Just a month after Ford unveiled an electric version of the popular F-150, customers had reserved more than 100,000 of them. The price is about $10,000 above the gas-powered one, but Ford says the electric model will cost much less to maintain. Everything creating a green revolution on the ground is of limited help in the sky for the time being.
High-storage batteries are useless at present when it comes to the technological challenge of launching a few hundred people into the sky and carrying them thousands of miles. No battery yet invented can power, say, a Boeing 747 from New York to London. Promising improvements, however, do add up. Developments with zero-emission, battery-powered electric engines are already happening in commercial flight, involving trips of limited duration and distance. Airlines specializing in short journeys with small planes will lead the way to electric flight.
Our planet’s health depends on zeroing out carbon dioxide emissions by 2050, and yet, by the timetable needed to address the climate challenge, the shift away from gas-powered vehicles remains far too slow. Nevertheless, the train has left the station. Someday, electric-powered transportation will be as common as air.
12. Why are many companies switching to electricity-powered vehicles
A. To reinvent the way we travel.
B. To cut the costs of car production.
C. To improve the quality of products.
D. To pursue sustainable development.
13 What do we know about the electric car
A. It came into use a century ago.
B. It enjoys increasing popularity.
C. It sells better than the traditional one.
D. It costs less than the gas-powered one.
14. What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 3
A. To show the disadvantages of battery power.
B. To emphasize the significance of short flights.
C. To stress the future prospects of electric planes.
D. To state the developments of commercial flight.
15. What does the author mean by saying “the train has left the station”
A. Train transportation has improved.
B. Green transportation is on its way.
C. The electric train is running regularly.
D. The gas-powered train has become the past.
第二节 七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
According to a common saying, “Honesty is the best policy.” But in daily life, honesty can be difficult. Lying often seems like a good way to make people happy or avoid being punished for mistakes. Some people lie out of habit, without even realizing they’re doing it. ___16___
One obvious reason for honesty is that lies are difficult to maintain. There’s always a chance that the person you lied to will find out the truth. Is the advantage from lying really worth the risk ___17___ If you make up a story, you have to remember all the details. And the more lies you tell, the more stories you have to remember. But if you tell the truth, you will never have trouble remembering. This saves you effort and makes conversations less stressful for you.
___18___ People who believe your lies might make bad decisions because of them. And a lie about someone else could destroy that person’s reputation. If your friends find out you lied to them, their feelings will be hurt. They will question whether they can trust you or wonder whether you care about them. ___19___ This will help you in every area of your life. Business deals, friendships, family and other relationships all depend on trust.
Honesty, however, doesn’t mean that you have to say everything you think. ___20___ Honesty means that when you speak, you tell the truth without holding any information back. When you do that, you will feel more relaxed and enjoy stronger relationships.
A. But despite all this, honesty is really worth the effort.
B. So in our life, we should avoid lying to win a good chance.
C. It means you only tell the truth, or white lies when necessary.
D Another obvious reason to avoid lying is that lying can harm others.
E. Sometimes it’s best to remain silent if your words might hurt someone else.
F. Lies are also difficult to hide because they are harder to remember than the truth.
G. In contrast, if you always tell the truth, you will develop the reputation for honesty.
第三部分 语言知识运用（满分30分）
第一节 完型填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
Hungry and thirsty on our way home, my young sister and I came across a splendid plum tree with bright reddish fruit. It belonged to an elderly disabled lady known for giving___21___ in return for an errand(差事).
We knocked on her door asking for some plums in payment for___22___an errand. The lady smiled and gave us two___23___baskets. When we filled the baskets with the ripest plums we picked, she handed us a bag with fresh meat, rice and dried beans. “Take this bag and one basket of plums to the Gomez family on the top of this hill,___24___with their payment and you will___25___yours.”
With great expectations to get our plums after the errand, we rushed to the Gomez home. Mrs. Gomez___26___ the door with three little children behind her. Her husband was sick in bed and times were___27___. We told her our intention___28___, She didn’t seem ___29___but appreciated it with the payment, a large envelope stuffed full. Could the Gomez ___30___to pay so much for the food It looked like much money. Our___31___wasn’t cleared until we handed the envelope to the plum lady. “Lovely!” The lady said in delight as she pulled the___32___ out of the envelope. In her hands were colorful drawings from the Gomez children, the Gomez’s payment for her food. My sister and I___33___each other and broke out in smiles.
As we walked home, we enjoyed the___34___from the lady. The juice running down our arms was as sweet and warm as the___35___we had inside.
21. A. juice B. rice C. meat D. fruit
22. A. rejecting B. cancelling C. offering D. running
23. A. large B. clean C. empty D. firm
24. A. depart B. return C. survive D. travel
25. A. make B. purchase C. obtain D. increase
26. A. locked B. answered C. decorated D. painted
27. A. hard B. changeable C. different D. unsettled
28. A. doubtfully B. patiently C. helplessly D. secretly
29. A. annoyed B. injured C. disappointed D. surprised
30. A. afford B. refuse C. expect D. accept
31. A. cheque B. appointment C. confusion D. baskets
32. A. contents B. notes C. stamps D. letters
33. A. calmed down B. competed with C. approved of D. looked at
34. A. assistance B. treat C. company D. comfort
35. A. wish B. promise C. feeling D. appetite
第二节 短文语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
语法填空
The kite is a symbol of the Chinese handicraft. ___36___ (fly) a kite is a very popular activity in all generations in China. It is easy to find the scene, ___37___ there are large numbers of people gathering to the squares and holding lines ___38___ (control) beautiful kites in the blue sky.
Making and playing kites became very popular in Weifang area, Shandong Province during the Tang and Song Dynasties. At that time, every year in spring when the Tomb-Sweeping Day came, the weather became warm. It was ___39___ good time to display the kites as well as enjoy the warm weather and the fresh air. The tradition has been well kept until today and has become the world-famous Weifang International Kite Festival, which ___40___ (celebrate) from 20th to 25th in April every year. Since 1984, dozens of countries and regions from all over the world ___41___ (join) in the festival.
Teams from home and abroad gather here to fly ___42___ (they) well-designed kites to the sky. Apart ___43___ the traditional patterns such as swallows, butterflies, and triangles, you will be amazed by the ___44___ (create) thinking shown in these kites. There are animals like fish, dragons, dolphins, cartoon _____45_____ (figure) like Flower Fairies, Supermen, and other shapes like spaceships, and satellites. People say there is nothing you cannot fly to the sky in Weifang.
第四部分 书面表达（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
46. 假如你是高中生李华，在报纸上看到你所在城市的博物馆招募志愿讲解员 (museum volunteer docent)，你对此很感兴趣，请写一封申请信给博物馆。内容包括：
1. 表达申请意愿；
2. 你的优势（至少两点） 。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
To whom it may concern,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Mrs. Murphy had been working as a cafeteria (自助餐厅) employee at Cypress Valley School for four years and there was no job in the whole world that she loved more than that. In fact, Mrs. Murphy liked to stay with these cute children. The woman’s face lit up every time she served lunch to the little children and saw their smiles.
One day after serving the kids food, Mrs. Murphy was talking to her co-worker when she noticed something strange. She saw a little girl at the far end of the cafeteria who finished only half of her lunch and filled the rest in a lunch box. “Is she not feeling well Why didn’t she eat ” Mrs. Murphy was puzzled as the girl stood up and walked away.
The next day, when the girl came to the cafeteria, the same thing happened. She divided the food into two equal parts, placed one half in her lunch box, and ate only the other half. Mrs. Murphy became concerned when this continued for several days, so she decided to follow her one day.
She saw that the young girl went in the opposite direction of the school after class, which led to a deserted neighborhood. “Why would she go there after school ” The elderly woman wondered as she followed the girl, taking care not to be noticed.
After a couple of minutes, she noticed the girl was walking into an alley (胡同) where a small boy sat on the ground. The girl smiled and approached the boy. “Claire! I’m here!” The boy looked up at the girl and smiled warmly. “I’ve got some food for you, David!” She said, sitting on her knees and opening her backpack. The boy enjoyed the other half of meal. The fine scene was too wonderful to be ruined. And Mrs. Murphy firmly believed that she had to do something to help them.
注意：1. 续写词数共150左右；
2. 续写部分分为两段, 每段的开头语已为你写好；
3. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
Just then, Mrs. Murphy approached them.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Hearing this, Mrs. Murphy’s heart was full of sympathy (同情) for the two children.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2023-2024学年度第二学期期中考试
高二英语试卷
考试时间：120分钟 分值：150分
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What did the man do yesterday
A. He played music.
B. He watched a competition.
C. He practiced running in the track.
2. What did the woman order for lunch
A. Fries. B. A sandwich. C. Mushroom soup.
3. What kind of movie does the man want to watch
A. An action movie. B. A comedy. C. A horror film.
4. Why is the man in a hurry
A. He is rushing home.
B. He is late for a meeting.
C. He is doing the running exercise.
5. What does the woman mean
A. She thinks the man told a lie.
B. She believes it was dangerous for the man.
C. She feels sorry about the man's experience.
第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. How many daily things did the woman do yesterday
A. Three. B. Four. C. Five.
7. Where does the man need to go today
A. To the bank. B. To the supermarket. C. To the post office
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. According to the man, what do you know about his wife
A. She is fond of shopping.
B. She is only likes certain things.
C. She works in a department store.
9. What color did the man want
A. Black. B. Brown. C. Blue.
10. What did the man buy
A. A scarf. B. A pair of gloves. C. A sweater.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Which state does the woman think had the best weather
A. South Carolina. B. Geogia. C. North Carolina.
12. How many types of fish did the woman catch
A. One. B. Two. C. Three.
13. When might the woman go back to fish next time
A. In July. B. In October. C. In December.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Colleagues. B. Teacher and student. C. Parent and child.
15. What does the woman suggest the man do
A. Save all the work for the final week.
B. Use the trip time to study for the exams.
C. Form good habits and get started early.
16. What are the speakers mainly talk about
A. A research paper. B. The classroom management. C. The plan for the end of term.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What did the customer think of the first fries
A. They were unsatisfying. B. They were delicious. C. They were salty
18. Why did George Crum serve the customer extremely thin fries
A. He wanted the customer to be happy.
B. He was bothered by the customer's requests.
C. He wanted to try making a new style of fries.
19. How did the customer react to the last plate of fries
A. He found them nice. B. He refused to eat them. C. He complained to the chef.
20. What did George Crum do with his new invention
A He sold the chips in stores.
B. He sold the recipe to his customer.
C. He sold the snack idea to other restaurants.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
A huge number of exchange programs and summer school programs are offered to international students around foreign universities worldwide. Today we explain the top student exchange programs -and -summer programs offered to foreign students.
Vienna Summer School
Vienna Summer School provides an incredible opportunity for 30 bachelor-level students to research side by side with world top researchers in the field of bioengineering. This paid summer program aims to attract international students and create an excellent research environment. This is a perfect opportunity for those students who are interested in the field of life science. The duration of Vienna Summer School is from Saturday, July 1 to August 28,2023.
SUSI Student Leaders Program
Bachelor-level students in Pakistan who are interested in the topic of public, local, state and federal policy making are invited to study in the USA through the short-tern SUSI student program 2023 held at the University of Massachusetts. This is an exchange program for Pakistani students. All expenses and accommodation costs will be covered by SUSI, so the application period is very short.
Hansen Leadership Exchange Program
The Hansen Summer Institute for Leadership is now open for the summer exchange program 2023. The Hansen summer program offers the opportunity to the USA and international students to build better leadership skills and a cultural understanding environment for the future. This 3-week summer exchange program is open for undergraduate, graduate,and doctoral students with any academic background.
IWP Summer Exchange Program
IWP Summer Exchange Program 2023 is a two-week writing and culture exchange program for Pakistani and Indian students in Iowa City, USA. The applicant from 18 to 22 from these countries with a background in art humanities is welcome to apply. This program will focus on creativity and is free for the selected applicants. The selected candidates will work together on the creation of paintings and sculptures.
1. Which program suits students who like biology
A. Vienna Summer School.
B. SUSI Student Leaders Program.
C. IWP Summer Exchange Program.
D. Hansen Leadership Exchange Program.
2. Why should students apply for SUSI Student Leaders Program early
A. It is fully funded.
B. It is a short-term program.
C. It is limited to postgraduates.
D. It is supported by the government.
3. What will students in IWP Summer Exchange Program do
A. Offer policy advice. B. Conduct research.
C. Write academic papers. D. Create artworks.
【答案】1. A 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四个国际交换生项目。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Vienna Summer School部分“Vienna Summer School provides an incredible opportunity for 30 bachelor-level students to research side by side with world top researchers in the field of bioengineering. This paid summer program aims to attract international students and create an excellent research environment. This is a perfect opportunity for those students who are interested in the field of life science.(维也纳暑期学校为30名学士级学生提供了一个令人难以置信的机会，让他们与生物工程领域的世界顶尖研究人员并肩研究。这个带薪暑期项目旨在吸引国际学生，并创造一个良好的研究环境。对于那些对生命科学领域感兴趣的学生来说，这是一个绝佳的机会)”可知，Vienna Summer School适合对生物学感兴趣的学生。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据SUSI Student Leaders Program部分“All expenses and accommodation costs will be covered by SUSI, so the application period is very short.(所有费用和住宿费用将由SUSI承担，因此申请期很短)”可知，因为所有的费用和住宿费用都由举办方承担，所以这个项目需要早早申请。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据IWP Summer Exchange Program部分“The selected candidates will work together on the creation of paintings and sculptures.(被选中的候选人将共同创作绘画和雕塑作品)”可知，学生们将会一起合作创作绘画和雕塑作品，即一起创作艺术品。故选D。
B
For 85 years, the Harvard Study of Adult Development has tracked an original group of 724 men and more than 1,300 of their male and female descendants (后代) over three generations, asking thousands of questions and taking hundreds of measurements to find out what really keeps people healthy and happy.
Through all the years of studying these lives, one crucial factor stands out for the consistency and power of its bond to physical health, mental health and longevity: good relationships.
In 2008, researchers telephoned the wives and husbands of Harvard Study couples in their 80s every night for eight nights. Researchers spoke to each partner separately and asked them a series of questions about their days.
On days when these men and women spent more time in the company of others, they were happier. Like most older people, those in the Harvard Study experienced day-to-day rises and falls in their levels of physical pain and health difficulties. But researchers found that the people who were in more satisfying relationships were cushioned (缓冲) somewhat from these ups and downs of mood—their happiness did not decline as much on the days when they had more pain. Simply put, their happy marriages seemed to have a protective effect.
Elizabeth Gillespie, a therapist of couples, stated that although most of us found that our experience of relationships might be hard, and at times, impossible, it is essential to our well-being.
Today we live in much more complicated environments, so meeting our social needs presents different challenges. We might be sitting on a gold mine of vitality that we are not paying attention to, because it is hidden by the shiny appeal of smartphones or pushed to the side by work demands.
4. What’s the purpose of the Harvard Study of Adult Development
A. To study their lives over three generations.
B. To reveal the secret to health and well-being.
C. To track the descendants of an original group.
D. To study the relationship between health and happiness.
5. How did the researchers carry out the study
A. By working with other researchers.
B. By tracking specific groups of people.
C. By helping participants with social difficulties.
D. By comparing the results from different people.
6. Why did the author mention the examples in Paragraph 4
A. To provide evidence for the bond of health and longevity.
B. To introduce the concept of physical pain and health difficulties.
C. To show the negative impact of unhappy marriages on older people’s mood.
D. To support the positive impact of satisfying relationships on people’s lives.
7. According to Elizabeth Gillespie, what is essential to our well-being
A. Having good social connections.
B. Declining pains and difficulties.
C. Overcoming ups and downs of mood.
D. Experiencing rises and falls of physical health.
【答案】4. B 5. B 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文通过对哈佛大学成人发展研究的项目的阐述说明了友好的社交关系对幸福至关重要。
【详解】1. 推理判断题。由第一段“For 85 years, the Harvard Study of Adult Development has tracked an original group of 724 men and more than 1,300 of their male and female descendants (后代) over three generations, asking thousands of questions and taking hundreds of measurements to find out what really keeps people healthy and happy.(85年来，哈佛大学成人发展研究追踪了一个由724名男性及其1300多名男性和女性后代组成的原始群体，历时三代，提出了数千个问题，并进行了数百次测量，以找出真正让人们保持健康和快乐的因素。)”可知，哈佛大学成人发展研究的目的是揭示健康和幸福的秘密。故选 B。
2.细节理解题。由第三段“In 2008,researchers telephoned the wives and husbands of Harvard Study couples in their 80s every night for eight nights. Researchers spoke to each partner separately and asked them a series of questions about their days.(2008年，研究人员连续八晚每晚给哈佛大学研究中的80多岁夫妇的妻子和丈夫打电话。研究人员分别与每对伴侣交谈，并问了他们一系列关于日常生活的问题)”可知，研究者通过追踪特定群体来实施研究。故选 B。
3. 推理判断题。由第二段“Through all the years of studying these lives, one crucial factor stands out for the consistency and power of its bond to physical health, mental health and longevity: good relationships.(通过多年来对这些生活的研究，有一个关键因素突出了它与身体健康、心理健康和寿命之间的一致性和力量：良好的人际关系。)”；第三自然段提及研究及研究对象“couples in their 80s(80多岁的夫妇)”、研究过程及研究方法，第四段讲研究过程中的发现。第四段“But researchers found that the people who were in more satisfying relationships were cushioned (缓冲) somewhat from these ups and downs of mood—their happiness did not decline as much on the days when they had more pain. Simply put, their happy marriages seemed to have a protective effect.(但研究人员发现，那些处于更令人满意的关系中的人在一定程度上缓解了情绪的起伏——他们的幸福感在经历更多痛苦的日子里并没有下降那么多。简单地说，他们幸福的婚姻似乎起到了保护作用。)”可知通过具体的例子，使读者可以更加直观地理解这个研究结果，并且更容易接受这个结论的可信度。即为了支持令人满意的关系对人们生活的积极影响。故选D。
4. 推理判断题。由第五段“... although most of us found that our experience of relationships might be hard, and at times, impossible, it is essential to our well-being(虽然我们大多数人发现我们的人际关系经历可能很难，有时甚至是不可能的，但它对我们的幸福至关重要)”可知，Elizabeth Gillespie 认为 experience of relationships(关系体验)即拥有好的社交关系对幸福至关重要。故此选 A。
C
Is the end of homework near As new powerful artificial intelligence tools like ChatGPT take the Internet by storm, teachers concerned with AI-driven cheating are questioning their teaching and assessment methods.
ChatGPT, the most powerful AI language model ever developed by the company OpenAI, remembers the thread of your dialogue，using previous questions and answers to inform its next responses. Deriving its answers from huge volumes of information on the Internet, it is fine-tuned using both supervised and reinforcement learning. It is capable of generating natural-sounding text on demand in just a few seconds. The quality of the copy it produces is sufficient to impress teachers in secondary and higher education, and even researchers.
The use of AI tools in copy-writing has sparked an outcry around the world. In the United States，public schools in New York and Seattle have decided to block ChatGPT from their devices and WiFi networks. In France, the prestigious Sciences Po university in Paris has also just announced a strict ban on its use. But experts question whether bans like these are really effective. On one hand, students will always be able to access tools like ChatGPT through other means than school devices. On the other hand, some question the relevance of blocking access to a digital tool whose use is likely to grow in the professional world in the coming years.
Amelie Cordier, a lecturer in artificial intelligence at Lyon University, notes that students haven’t waited for ChatGPT to try to escape the chore of homework — whether by photocopying the library encyclopedia, copy-pasting content from Wikipedia or enlisting their parents’ help. “What is ultimately very important in the learning process is not so much the subject on which you learn, it’s the methodology that you learn to develop around that subject,” Cordier said.
8. Why does the author raise a question in paragraph 1
A. To arouse the readers’ interest.
B. To show the popularity of ChatGPT.
C. To present the creativity of artificial intelligence.
D. To reveal the negative effects of artificial intelligence.
9. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about ChatGPT
A. Its language model. B. Its working theory.
C. Its design inspiration. D. Its development process.
10. Which of the following is probably the reason for the experts’ question
A. Students can always employ AI tools in other ways.
B. Teachers and researchers are impressed by ChatGPT.
C. The bans have been announced only in the US and France.
D. AI tools have already been widely applied in professional fields.
11. What plays a critical role in learning according to Cordier
A. Parents’ help. B. The system of methods.
C. The library encyclopedia. D. The content from Wikipedia.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文，介绍了学生们正在用ChatGPT做作业，学校应该禁止使用这一类人工智能工具，还是应该接受它们。
【8题详解】
推理判断题，根据第一段“Is the end of homework near As new powerful artificial intelligence tools like ChatGPT take the Internet by storm, teachers concerned with AI-driven cheating are questioning their teaching and assessment methods.(作业快结束了吗？随着ChatGPT等强大的新型人工智能工具在互联网上风靡，担心人工智能作弊的教师们开始质疑自己的教学和评估方法)”可知，作者提出这一问题旨在引起读者的阅读兴趣，故选A项。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中“ChatGPT, the most powerful AI language model ever developed by the company OpenAI, remembers the thread of your dialogue，using previous questions and answers to inform its next responses. Deriving its answers from huge volumes of information on the Internet, it is fine-tuned using both supervised and reinforcement learning. It is capable of generating natural-sounding text on demand in just a few seconds. The quality of the copy it produces is sufficient to impress teachers in secondary and higher education, and even researchers.( ChatGPT是OpenAI公司开发的最强大的人工智能语言模型，它可以记住你的对话线索，使用之前的问题和答案来告知它的下一个回答。它从互联网上大量的信息中得到答案，并使用监督学习和强化学习进行微调。它能够在几秒钟内按需生成听起来自然的文本。它产生的副本的质量足以打动中学和高等教育的教师，甚至研究人员)”可知，本段主要介绍了ChatGPT的工作原理。故选B项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But experts question whether bans like these are really effective. On one hand, students will always be able to access tools like ChatGPT through other means than school devices.(但专家质疑这样的禁令是否真的有效。一方面，学生将永远能够通过学校设备以外的其他方式访问ChatGPT等工具)”可知，学生总是能够通过学校设备以外的其他方式访问ChatGPT等工具。故选A项。
【11题详解】
细节理解题，根据第四段“What is ultimately very important in the learning process is not so much the subject on which you learn, it’s the methodology that you learn to develop around that subject(在学习过程中，最重要的不是你学习的科目，而是你围绕该科目学习的方法)”可知，在学习过程中，最终非常重要的不是你学习的科目，而是你围绕该科目学习的方法。故选B项。
D
With nearly a quarter of global greenhouse gas coming from all types of transportation, can we keep ourselves off gas-powered vehicles to avoid the worst effects As more governments push for urgent action on climate change, quite a few companies are betting their future – that millions of consumers are finally ready for electricity-powered vehicles. Modern battery-powered cars are selling fast and zero- emission ( 排放) planes are coming. These changes, both leading to a more sustainable future, are reinventing how we get from here to there.
Cars and trucks are undergoing their greatest improvement since the automobile’s (汽车) existence more than a century ago. Almost overnight the era of the electric car has arrived. Electricity has the advantage that it works without smell and with less noise. Global annual sales of electric vehicles are expected to soar from just over 3 million today to 14 million by 2025. Just a month after Ford unveiled an electric version of the popular F-150, customers had reserved more than 100,000 of them. The price is about $10,000 above the gas-powered one, but Ford says the electric model will cost much less to maintain. Everything creating a green revolution on the ground is of limited help in the sky for the time being.
High-storage batteries are useless at present when it comes to the technological challenge of launching a few hundred people into the sky and carrying them thousands of miles. No battery yet invented can power, say, a Boeing 747 from New York to London. Promising improvements, however, do add up. Developments with zero-emission, battery-powered electric engines are already happening in commercial flight, involving trips of limited duration and distance. Airlines specializing in short journeys with small planes will lead the way to electric flight.
Our planet’s health depends on zeroing out carbon dioxide emissions by 2050, and yet, by the timetable needed to address the climate challenge, the shift away from gas-powered vehicles remains far too slow. Nevertheless, the train has left the station. Someday, electric-powered transportation will be as common as air.
12. Why are many companies switching to electricity-powered vehicles
A. To reinvent the way we travel.
B. To cut the costs of car production.
C. To improve the quality of products.
D. To pursue sustainable development.
13. What do we know about the electric car
A. It came into use a century ago.
B. It enjoys increasing popularity.
C. It sells better than the traditional one.
D. It costs less than the gas-powered one.
14. What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 3
A. To show the disadvantages of battery power.
B To emphasize the significance of short flights.
C. To stress the future prospects of electric planes.
D. To state the developments of commercial flight.
15. What does the author mean by saying “the train has left the station”
A. Train transportation has improved.
B. Green transportation is on its way.
C. The electric train is running regularly.
D. The gas-powered train has become the past.
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【分析】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了电动汽车应用的益处与仍然存在的不足，同时说明了电力运输的未来前景。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段关键句“As more governments push for urgent action on climate change, quite a few companies are betting their future – that millions of consumers are finally ready for electricity-powered vehicles. Modern battery-powered cars are selling fast and zero- emission planes are coming. These changes, both leading to a more sustainable future, are reinventing how we get from here to there.”（随着越来越多的政府推动对气候变化采取紧急行动，相当多的公司押注他们的未来——数百万消费者终于准备好使用电动汽车了。现代电池驱动的汽车卖得很快，零排放的飞机也即将问世。这些变化，既导致了一个更可持续的未来，也在重塑我们从这里到那里的方式。）可知，许多公司转向开发并销售电动汽车是为了追求可持续发展。故选D项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段关键句“Almost overnight, the era of the electric car has arrived.”（几乎一夜之间，电动汽车的时代已经到来。）及“Global annual sales of electric vehicles are expected to soar from just over 3 million today to 14 million by 2025. Just a month after Ford unveiled an electric version of the popular F-150, customers had reserved more than 100,000 of them.”（预计到2025年，全球电动汽车的年销量将从目前的300多万辆飙升至1400万辆。在福特推出受欢迎的F-150电动版仅一个月后，客户就预订了超过10万辆。）可知，电动汽车越来越受欢迎。故选B项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段关键句“High-storage batteries are useless at present when it comes to the technological challenge of launching a few hundred people into the sky and carrying them thousands of miles.”（目前，高容量电池在将数百人发射到天空并携带他们飞行数千英里的技术挑战方面毫无用处。）及“Promising improvements, however, do add up.”（然而，有希望的改进确实增加了。）及全段内容可知，本段作者强调电动飞机的未来前景。故选C项。
【15题详解】
句意猜测题。根据文章最后一段关键句“Our planet’s health depends on zeroing out carbon dioxide emissions by 2050, and yet, by the timetable needed to address the climate challenge, the shift away from gas-powered vehicles remains far too slow.”（我们星球的健康取决于到2050年消除二氧化碳排放，然而，按照应对气候挑战所需的时间表，从汽油驱动的汽车转向天然气驱动的速度仍然太慢。）及“Nevertheless, the train has left the station. Someday, electric-powered transportation will be as common as air.”（然而，火车已经离开了车站。总有一天，电力运输会像空气一样普及。）可知，作者说“火车已经离开了车站”是为了表明电力运输的使用已经起航，绿色交通正在发展中。故选B项。
第二节 七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
According to a common saying, “Honesty is the best policy.” But in daily life, honesty can be difficult. Lying often seems like a good way to make people happy or avoid being punished for mistakes. Some people lie out of habit, without even realizing they’re doing it. ___16___
One obvious reason for honesty is that lies are difficult to maintain. There’s always a chance that the person you lied to will find out the truth. Is the advantage from lying really worth the risk ___17___ If you make up a story, you have to remember all the details. And the more lies you tell, the more stories you have to remember. But if you tell the truth, you will never have trouble remembering. This saves you effort and makes conversations less stressful for you.
___18___ People who believe your lies might make bad decisions because of them. And a lie about someone else could destroy that person’s reputation. If your friends find out you lied to them, their feelings will be hurt. They will question whether they can trust you or wonder whether you care about them. ___19___ This will help you in every area of your life. Business deals, friendships, family and other relationships all depend on trust.
Honesty, however, doesn’t mean that you have to say everything you think. ___20___ Honesty means that when you speak, you tell the truth without holding any information back. When you do that, you will feel more relaxed and enjoy stronger relationships.
A. But despite all this, honesty is really worth the effort.
B. So in our life, we should avoid lying to win a good chance.
C. It means you only tell the truth, or white lies when necessary.
D. Another obvious reason to avoid lying is that lying can harm others.
E. Sometimes it’s best to remain silent if your words might hurt someone else.
F. Lies are also difficult to hide because they are harder to remember than the truth.
G. In contrast, if you always tell the truth, you will develop the reputation for honesty.
【答案】16. A 17. F 18. D 19. G 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。人们在日常生活中由于各种原因经常会说谎，但是诚实确实值得努力。文章介绍了说谎的害处以及诚实做人的理由。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Lying often seems like a good way to make people happy or avoid being punished for mistakes. Some people lie out of habit, without even realizing they’re doing it.”（说谎似乎是让人们开心或避免因错误而受到惩罚的好方法。有些人说谎是出于习惯，甚至没有意识到他们在说谎）以及下文讲述诚实做人的理由可知，选项与上文为转折关系，说明要诚实做人，且引起下文。故A项“但尽管如此，诚实是值得努力的”切题。故选A项。
【17题详解】
根据后文“If you make up a story, you have to remember all the details. And the more lies you tell, the more stories you have to remember.(如果你编一个故事，你必须记住所有的细节。你说的谎言越多，你要记住的故事就越多。)”可知，此处是指记住谎言很难，所以选项F“谎言也很难隐藏，因为它们比真相更难记住。”切合文意。故选F项
【18题详解】
根据上文“One obvious reason for honesty is that lies are difficult to maintain.”（诚实的一个明显原因是谎言很难维持。）可知，本段是说要诚实做人的另一个原因。D选项“避免说谎的另一个明显原因是说谎会伤害他人”切题。且与下文“People who believe your lies might make bad decisions because of them”（相信你的谎言的人可能会因此做出错误的决定）一致，one…another“一个……另一个”，故选D项。
【19题详解】
根据后文“This will help you in every area of your life. Business deals, friendships, family an romantic relationships all depend on trust.(这对你生活的方方面面都有帮助。商业交易、友谊、家庭和浪漫关系都依赖于信任。)”可知，此处是指诚实会为人带来好的声誉，所以选项G“相反，如果你总是说实话，你就会养成诚实的名声。”切合文意。This指代的是上文的the reputation for honesty。故选G。
【20题详解】
根据前文“Honesty, however, doesn’t mean that you have to say everything you think.(然而，诚实并不意味着你必须说出你所想的一切。)”可知，选项解释其原因，所以选项E“有时候，如果你的话可能会伤害到别人，最好还是保持沉默。”切合文意。故选E项。
第三部分 语言知识运用（满分30分）
第一节 完型填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
Hungry and thirsty on our way home, my young sister and I came across a splendid plum tree with bright reddish fruit. It belonged to an elderly disabled lady known for giving___21___ in return for an errand(差事).
We knocked on her door asking for some plums in payment for___22___an errand. The lady smiled and gave us two___23___baskets. When we filled the baskets with the ripest plums we picked, she handed us a bag with fresh meat, rice and dried beans. “Take this bag and one basket of plums to the Gomez family on the top of this hill,___24___with their payment and you will___25___yours.”
With great expectations to get our plums after the errand, we rushed to the Gomez home. Mrs. Gomez___26___ the door with three little children behind her. Her husband was sick in bed and times were___27___. We told her our intention___28___, She didn’t seem ___29___but appreciated it with the payment, a large envelope stuffed full. Could the Gomez ___30___to pay so much for the food It looked like much money. Our___31___wasn’t cleared until we handed the envelope to the plum lady. “Lovely!” The lady said in delight as she pulled the___32___ out of the envelope. In her hands were colorful drawings from the Gomez children, the Gomez’s payment for her food. My sister and I___33___each other and broke out in smiles.
As we walked home, we enjoyed the___34___from the lady. The juice running down our arms was as sweet and warm as the___35___we had inside.
21. A. juice B. rice C. meat D. fruit
22. A. rejecting B. cancelling C. offering D. running
23. A. large B. clean C. empty D. firm
24. A. depart B. return C. survive D. travel
25. A. make B. purchase C. obtain D. increase
26. A. locked B. answered C. decorated D. painted
27 A. hard B. changeable C. different D. unsettled
28. A. doubtfully B. patiently C. helplessly D. secretly
29. A. annoyed B. injured C. disappointed D. surprised
30. A. afford B. refuse C. expect D. accept
31. A. cheque B. appointment C. confusion D. baskets
32. A. contents B. notes C. stamps D. letters
33. A. calmed down B. competed with C. approved of D. looked at
34. A. assistance B. treat C. company D. comfort
35. A. wish B. promise C. feeling D. appetite
【答案】21. D 22. D 23. C 24. B 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者和妹妹为了得到梅子，帮助一位女士跑腿，结果看到这位女士帮助Gomez一家，报酬只是孩子的画，感到温暖和甜蜜。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它属于一位年老的残疾女士，以送水果换取差事而闻名。A. juice果汁；B. rice大米；C. meat肉；D. fruit水果。根据前文“Hungry and thirsty on our way home, my young sister and I came across a splendid plum tree with bright reddish fruit.”可知，前文提到梅子树，它属于这位女士，所以女士用水果换取差事。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们敲开她的门，要一些梅子作为她跑腿的报酬。A. rejecting拒收；B. cancelling取消；C. offering供应；D. running运行，跑。根据前文“It belonged to an elderly disabled lady known for giving 1 in return for an errand”可知，这位女士会以送水果换取差事，所以作者和妹妹希望要一些梅子作为她跑腿的报酬，running an errand意为“跑腿”。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那位女士笑了笑，给了我们两个空篮子。当我们把摘的最成熟的梅子装满篮子时，她递给我们一袋鲜肉、大米和干豆子。A. large大的；B. clean干净的；C. empty空的；D. firm坚固的。根据后文“When we filled the baskets with the ripest plums we picked”可知，之后作者和妹妹用篮子装满了梅子，所以开始给的是空篮子。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：把这个袋子和一篮子李子带到山顶上的Gomez家，带着他们的钱回来，你们就会得到你们的。A. depart离开；B. return返回；C. survive幸存；D. travel旅行。根据后文“It looked like much money. Our 11 wasn’t cleared until we handed the envelope to the plum lady.”可知，作者和妹妹需要带着钱回到梅子女士家。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：把这个袋子和一篮子李子带到山顶上的戈麦斯家，带着他们的钱回来，你们就会得到你们的。A. make制作；B. purchase购买；C. obtain获得；D. increase提高。根据前文“We knocked on her door asking for some plums in payment for 2 an errand. ”可知，作者和妹妹希望通过跑腿换水果，所以此处是他们把钱带回来，就能得到自己的报酬。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：戈麦斯太太开了门，身后有三个小孩。A. locked锁上；B. answered回答；C. decorated装饰；D. painted在…上刷油漆。根据前文“With great expectations to get our plums after the errand, we rushed to the Gomez home.”可知，作者和妹妹赶去了Gomez家，所以此处是Mrs. Gomez开门，answered the door意为“应门”。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她丈夫卧病在床，日子过得很艰难。A. hard困苦的；B. changeable可变的；C. different不同的；D. unsettled多变的。根据前文“Mrs. Gomez 6 the door with three little children behind her. Her husband was sick in bed”可知，Gomez家有三个孩子，丈夫还卧病在床，所以是日子过得很艰难。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们耐心地告诉了她我们的打算，她似乎并不惊讶，而是用一个塞满了钱的大信封表示感谢。A. doubtfully迟疑地；B. patiently耐心地；C. helplessly无助地；D. secretly秘密地。根据前文“Take this bag and one basket of plums to the Gomez family on the top of this hill, 4 with their payment and you will 5 yours.”可知，梅子女士要求作者和妹妹给Gomez一家送食物，并拿回钱，之后他们就能获得梅子，事情有点绕，所以需要耐心解释。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们耐心地告诉了她我们的打算，她似乎并不惊讶，而是用一个塞满了钱的大信封表示感谢。A. annoyed恼怒；B. injured受伤的；C. disappointed失望的；D. surprised惊讶的。根据前文“We told her our intention”以及后文“but appreciated it with the payment”中的转折可知，对于作者和妹妹到来目的并不惊讶，而是用一个塞满了钱的大信封表示感谢。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Gomez一家付得起这么多钱买食物吗 A. afford买得起；B. refuse拒绝；C. expect预料；D. accept接受。根据前文“Her husband was sick in bed and times were 7 .”可知，作者看到Gomez一家的情况，猜想是否能付得起这么多钱买食物。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的困惑直到我们把信封递给那位梅子女士才消除。A. cheque支票；B. appointment约定；C. confusion困惑；D. baskets篮子。根据前文“Could the Gomez 10 to pay so much for the food ”可知，作者对Gomez一家是否能付得起这么多钱买食物而有疑问，所以此处是困惑。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“可爱!”这位女士高兴地说，她把里面的东西从信封里抽出来。A. contents所含之物；B. notes笔记；C. stamps邮票；D. letters信。根据后文“In her hands were colorful drawings from the Gomez children, the Gomez’s payment for her food.”可知，是女士把信封里的东西拿出来，是Gomez家的孩子画的画。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我和妹妹面面相觑，笑了起来。A. calmed down冷静下来；B. competed with与...竞争；C. approved of赞同；D. looked at看。根据前文“Could the Gomez 10 to pay so much for the food It looked like much money.”以及“In her hands were colorful drawings from the Gomez children, the Gomez’s payment for her food.”可知，作者和妹妹担心Gomez一家是否有足够的钱，结果他们是用小孩的画支付，所以作者和妹妹感到惊讶，面面相觑。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在回家的路上，我们享受着这位女士的款待。A. assistance帮助；B. treat款待；C. company公司；D. comfort安慰。根据前文“Take this bag and one basket of plums to the Gomez family on the top of this hill, 4 with their payment and you will 5 yours. ”可知，作者和妹妹完成了梅子女士的跑腿任务，获得了梅子，所以是享受着这位女士的款待。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：流淌在我们手臂上的果汁就像我们内心的感觉一样甜蜜温暖。A. wish希望；B. promise诺言；C. feeling感觉；D. appetite食欲。根据前文可知Gomez一家过得很艰难，而梅子女士帮助他们，报酬只是Gomez家孩子的话，梅子女士的善举，让作者很感动，内心感到温软和甜蜜，所以此处是表达“内心的感觉”之意。故选C项。
第二节 短文语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
语法填空
The kite is a symbol of the Chinese handicraft. ___36___ (fly) a kite is a very popular activity in all generations in China. It is easy to find the scene, ___37___ there are large numbers of people gathering to the squares and holding lines ___38___ (control) beautiful kites in the blue sky.
Making and playing kites became very popular in Weifang area, Shandong Province during the Tang and Song Dynasties. At that time, every year in spring when the Tomb-Sweeping Day came, the weather became warm. It was ___39___ good time to display the kites as well as enjoy the warm weather and the fresh air. The tradition has been well kept until today and has become the world-famous Weifang International Kite Festival, which ___40___ (celebrate) from 20th to 25th in April every year. Since 1984, dozens of countries and regions from all over the world ___41___ (join) in the festival.
Teams from home and abroad gather here to fly ___42___ (they) well-designed kites to the sky. Apart ___43___ the traditional patterns such as swallows, butterflies, and triangles, you will be amazed by the ___44___ (create) thinking shown in these kites. There are animals like fish, dragons, dolphins, cartoon _____45_____ (figure) like Flower Fairies, Supermen, and other shapes like spaceships, and satellites. People say there is nothing you cannot fly to the sky in Weifang.
【答案】36. Flying
37. where 38. to control
39. a 40. is celebrated
41. have joined
42. their 43. from
44. creative
45. figures
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了山东潍坊的风筝节的历史以及目前的特色。
【36题详解】
考查动名词。句意：在中国，放风筝是一项非常受欢迎的活动。动名词作主语，应用flying，设空处在句首，应首字母大写。故填Flying。
【37题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：很容易找到这样的场景，那里有大量的人聚集在广场上，在蓝天中排队控制美丽的风筝。先行词为scene，作非限制性定语从句的地点状语，关系副词为where。故填where。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：很容易找到这样的场景，那里有大量的人聚集在广场上，在蓝天中排队控制美丽的风筝。设空处在where引导的非限制性定语从句中，其谓语为are，设空处为非谓语，作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填to control。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这是一个展示风筝以及享受温暖的天气和新鲜空气的好时机。a good time为“一个好时机”表泛指，good辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
【40题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：这个传统一直保存到今天，并成为世界闻名的潍坊国际风筝节，每年4月20日至25日举行。此处考查非限制性定语从句的谓语动词，celebrate与其逻辑主语，即先行词the world-famous Weifang International Kite Festival之间为动宾关系，应用被动语态，陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，先行词为第三人称单数，故be动词为is，故填is celebrated。
【41题详解】
考查时态。句意：自1984年以来，来自世界各地的几十个国家和地区参加了这个节日。根据时间状语 Since 1984，句子的谓语动词用现在完成时，主语为dozens of countries and regions，为复数，助动词用have。故填have joined。
【42题详解】
考查形容词性物主代词。句意：来自国内外的队伍聚集在这里，放飞他们精心设计的风筝。主语为Teams from home and abroad，为第三人称作主语，为复数，故名词短语well-designed kites前用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：除了燕子、蝴蝶和三角形等传统图案外，你还会对这些风筝所表现出的创造性思维感到惊讶。此处考查介词短语apart from，意为“除……之外”，后接宾语 the traditional patterns，介词短语作状语。设空处应填介词from。故填from。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：除了燕子、蝴蝶和三角形等传统图案外，你还会对这些风筝所表现出的创造性思维感到惊讶。修饰名词thinking，应用形容词creative，意为“有创造力的，有想象力的”，作前置定语。故填creative。
【45题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：有像鱼、龙、海豚这样的动物，像花仙子、超人这样的卡通人物，还有像宇宙飞船和卫星这样的其他形状。名词figure意为“（绘画或模型中）人像”，为可数名词，后接介词短语like Flower Fairies, Supermen，故应用名词复数，与fish, dragons, dolphins并列，作like的宾语。cartoon figures意为“卡通形象，卡通人物”。故填figures。
第四部分 书面表达（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
46. 假如你是高中生李华，在报纸上看到你所在城市的博物馆招募志愿讲解员 (museum volunteer docent)，你对此很感兴趣，请写一封申请信给博物馆。内容包括：
1. 表达申请意愿；
2. 你的优势（至少两点） 。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
To whom it may concern,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】To whom it may concern,
I am Li Hua, a senior high student who has a passion for volunteer work. Learning from the newspaper that you are recruiting some museum volunteer docents, I’m eagerly writing to apply for the position.
I feel I’m competent to be a museum docent. To begin with, with particular interest in history and culture, I once worked as a docent in the history museum of my school, which makes me experienced in such a job. Besides, sociable and responsible, I do believe I’m perfectly qualified for the job as a volunteer.
I’ll appreciate it if you could consider my application. Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封申请信给博物馆，申请当志愿讲解员，内容包括：1. 表达申请意愿；2. 你的优势 。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
急切地：eagerly→urgently
职位：position→post
能胜任的：competent→qualified
另外：besides→moreover
2. 句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Looking forward to your early reply.
拓展句：I am expecting that you can reply as early as possible.
【点睛】[高分句型1]I am Li Hua, a senior high student who has a passion for volunteer work.（运用了who引导的定语从句）
[高分句型2]To begin with, with particular interest in history and culture, I once worked as a docent in the history museum of my school, which makes me experienced in such a job.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Mrs. Murphy had been working as a cafeteria (自助餐厅) employee at Cypress Valley School for four years and there was no job in the whole world that she loved more than that. In fact, Mrs. Murphy liked to stay with these cute children. The woman’s face lit up every time she served lunch to the little children and saw their smiles.
One day after serving the kids food, Mrs. Murphy was talking to her co-worker when she noticed something strange. She saw a little girl at the far end of the cafeteria who finished only half of her lunch and filled the rest in a lunch box. “Is she not feeling well Why didn’t she eat ” Mrs. Murphy was puzzled as the girl stood up and walked away.
The next day, when the girl came to the cafeteria, the same thing happened. She divided the food into two equal parts, placed one half in her lunch box, and ate only the other half. Mrs. Murphy became concerned when this continued for several days, so she decided to follow her one day.
She saw that the young girl went in the opposite direction of the school after class, which led to a deserted neighborhood. “Why would she go there after school ” The elderly woman wondered as she followed the girl, taking care not to be noticed.
After a couple of minutes, she noticed the girl was walking into an alley (胡同) where a small boy sat on the ground. The girl smiled and approached the boy. “Claire! I’m here!” The boy looked up at the girl and smiled warmly. “I’ve got some food for you, David!” She said, sitting on her knees and opening her backpack. The boy enjoyed the other half of meal. The fine scene was too wonderful to be ruined. And Mrs. Murphy firmly believed that she had to do something to help them.
注意：1. 续写词数共150左右；
2. 续写部分分为两段, 每段的开头语已为你写好；
3. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
Just then, Mrs. Murphy approached them.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Hearing this Mrs. Murphy’s heart was full of sympathy (同情) for the two children.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Just then, Mrs. Murphy approached them. Claire got frightened when she saw Mrs. Murphy there. The boy was so shocked that he forgot to swallow. Mrs. Murphy smiled warmly at them. “I noticed that you’ve been packing half of your lunch with you. I just want to make sure you are fine,” she said gently. Claire looked down at her feet, feeling embarrassed. “I am sorry, Mrs. Murphy. I just want to bring some food to my friend David. He doesn’t have enough to eat,” she explained.
Hearing this, Mrs. Murphy’s heart was full of sympathy for the two children. She would like to give a hand to them. Looking at Claire’s nervous face, she comforted, “What you’re doing is right, Claire. Helping someone in need is a good thing. But there might be a better way to help him.” Then she turned to the boy and said gently, “Don’t worry. I’m here to help. Let’s go back to the cafeteria and I’ll make sure that both of you have enough to eat.” She took their hands and led them back to the school.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了墨菲太太是一所学校餐厅的工作人员，她喜欢和这些可爱的孩子呆在一起。有一天她发现一个小女孩把饭菜留出一半，感到担心又好奇，于是跟踪小女孩后发现，这个女孩把留出的饭菜帮助另一位小男孩。墨菲太太决定帮助他们两个。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“就在那时，墨菲太太走近他们。”可知，第一段可描写墨菲太太发现了小女孩留出饭菜的原因。
②由第二段首句内容“听到这个，墨菲太太对这两个孩子充满了同情。”可知，第二段可描写墨菲太太提出帮助这两个小孩。
2.续写线索：墨菲太太发现奇怪的事情——跟踪——发现原因——小女孩被发现感到害怕——解释原因——墨菲太太帮助他们两个人
3.词汇激活行为类
①注意到：noticed / spotted
②确保：make sure / ensure
③帮助：give a hand / help
情绪类
①害怕的：frightened / scared
②震惊的：shocked / astonished
【点睛】
【高分句型1】The boy was so shocked that he forgot to swallow. (使用了so…that…固定句式，that引导结果状语从句)
【高分句型2】Claire looked down at her feet, feeling embarrassed. (使用了现在分词充当伴随状语)
