高中英语 高考题型天天练（23）（35分钟，含答案与解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
高中英语高考题型天天练（二十三）
（时间：35分钟）
一、阅读理解
A
In the endless sky, the unaided human eye should be able to perceive several thousand stars on a clear, dark night. Unfortunately, growing light pollution has impeded people from the nightly view.
New citizen-science-based research throws alarming light on the problem of “sky glow”-the diffuse illumination (漫射照明) of the night sky that is a form of light pollution. The data came from crowd-sourced observations collected from around the world as part of Globe at Night, a program developed by astronomer Connie Walker.
Light pollution has harmful effects on the practice of astronomy but also on human health and wildlife, since it disturbs the cycle from sunlight to starlight that biological systems have evolved alongside. Furthermore, the loss of visible stars is a great loss of human cultural heritage. Until relatively recently, humans throughout history had an impressive view of the starry night sky, and the effect of this nighty spectacle (壮观) is evident in ancient cultures.
Globe at Night has been gathering data on star visibility since 2006. Anyone can submit observations through the Globe at Night web application. Participants record which one best matches what they can see in the sky without any telescopes or other instruments.
Researchers find that the loss of visible stars indicates an increase in sky brightness of 9.6% per year while roughly 2% is measured by satellites. Existing satellites are not well suited to measuring sky glow as it appears to humans, because they can not detect wavelengths shorter than 500 nanometers (纳米). White LEDs, with shorter wavelengths under 500 nanometers, now are increasingly commonly used in outdoor lighting. But human eyes are more sensitive to these shorter wavelengths at nighttime. Space-based instruments do not measure light from windows, either. But these sources are significant contributors to sky glow us seen from the ground.
“The increase in sky glow over the past decade underlines the importance of redoubling our efforts and developing new strategies to protect dark skies,” said Walker. “The Globe at Night dataset is necessary in our ongoing evaluation of changes in sky glow, and we encourage whoever can to get involved to help protect the starry night sky.”
1. What does the underlined word “impeded” in the first paragraph mean
A. separated. B. disabled. C. demanded. D. protected.
2. What does the loss of visible stars lead to
A. Poorer human health. B. Fewer wildlife species.
C. More delicate biological systems. D. Less nightly culture elements of the sky.
3. What does the author stress in paragraph 5
A. Crowd sourced data are invaluable B. Shorter wavelengths are hard to detect.
C. Satellites play a vital role. D. White LEDs are widely used.
4. What can be inferred from Walker’s words
A. Their consistent efforts pay off. B. The dataset needs to be updated.
C. The sky glow has been over-emphasized. D. More participants are expected to join in.
B
How many bosses could rely on their employees threatening to quit in mass if they were abruptly forced out Sam Altman received such a show of support from more than 700 staff after he was fired from Open AI that he was swiftly restored to his position by the board. But this level of loyalty is not typical and may not always be a good thing.
Management experts say staff who are loyal to their employer are inclined to invest more time and effort in their jobs, helping to create an engaged and higher performing workplace. In turn they receive pro notions and pay rises. They have a greater sense of belonging and potentially a longer career at the same organisation. But it is not all rosy. People who are too loyal are more likely to take actions that are deemed wrong to keep their jobs and protect their employer, according to a 2021 academic paper. They might overlook wrongdoing and be less likely to expose corruption. Loyalty is sometimes seen as such a force for good that it can be used to justify bad behavior.
Often companies and senior bosses are the real winner a of employee loyalty. Research led by Matthew Stanley at Duke University’s Fuqua School of Business published this year, found that managers were more likely to exploit loyal individuals. Stanley recruited almost 1,400 managers to read about a fictional 29-year-old employee called John, who worked for a company that was trying to keep costs down. They had to decide how willing they would be to ask John to work longer hours and take on more work without more pay. Researchers created various situations including labelling John as loyal versus other traits such as honest and fair. Managers were more willing to ask loyal John to take on the burden of unpaid work.
However, Consultancy Gallup’s latest state of the workplace report showed that half of the 122, 416 employees who took part in a global survey were looking out for new work. “You can’t guarantee anyone will stick around these days,” says a consultant who advises boards. This is particularly true of younger generations. They trust their bosses less and are not as patient when it comes to career progression, seeing little benefit in keeping their heads down and following orders if they do not see results quickly.
5. What does the author want to say by mentioning Sam Altman in Paragraph 1
A. Open AI’s staff loyalty is quite high.
B. Staff loyalty’s rosy side in the work.
C Sam Altman could count on his employees.
D. This level of loyalty is not always good.
6 How did Matthew Stanley conduct his research!
A. Through global surveys concerning a fictional employee named John.
B. By creating different situations to ask John ta take on more unpaid work.
C. By asking managers to make decisions about work arrangements of John.
D. By recruiting managers to read fiction about work traits like loyal and honest.
7. What can you learn from the passage
A. Loyalty can be used by management to exploit employees.
B. Younger generations are more patient towards their employers.
C. Employees who are loyal are more likely to report wrongdoing.
D. Loyalty to an employer always leads to a positive work environment.
8. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. How Job Loyalty Affects the Work Environment
B. Why Staff Loyalty is Not Always a Good Thing
C. Are Loyal Employees More Likely to be Promoted
D. Does Work Loyalty Help Career Progress More Quickly
二、七选五
China’s Qiantang River is famous for a unique natural phenomenon, a wavy pattern tide that was observed in 2021.
The Qiantang River’s estuary (河口) in Zhejiang Province has long been famous for having the strongest tidal waves in the world. ____9____ However, in 2021, researchers discovered another natural phenomenon unique to this estuary. Under specific conditions, the tide comes in waves that look like fish scales (鳞) on the water’s surface. ____10____
The exact reason for this unusual tide pattern’s occurrence is still being discussed. Different sources give different reasons. ____11____
“The area is also known to have rotating currents, meaning that the tide does not simply move inland and then change its direction,” Nicole Sharp writes. ____12____ “This unique characteristic creates an ideal environment for waves to crash into each other at various angles. Two sets of waves meet at a crossroads, creating cool wave patterns.”
According to the media, astronomy, topography, and wind directions are the main factors that produce the “fish scale tide”. ____13____ So does the shape of the estuary — very narrow at the river mouth, but then very wide where it meets the sea.
Whatever the exact necessary conditions for the occurrence of the “fish scale tide” may be, one thing is for sure-it rarely happens.
A. The phenomenon is known as the ”fish scale tide".
B. Instead, a rotating current can change its direction during a tidal cycle without changing its speed.
C. People always get endangered there.
D. Apparently, the moon and the sun play a big part in the phenomenon.
E. Besides, the weather conditions are of great importance.
F. For example, FyFluidDyamics believes that the phenomenon is the result of a series of factors.
G. At times, they can get as tall as nine meters.
三、完形填空
This world is not really peaceful. The heartbroken scenes in the conflict between Russia and Ukraine are ____14____ day by day. I cannot help thinking about my unique family situation. I am the father of two adopted boys, one from Russia and the other from Ukraine, and I ____15____ them when they were very little.
Young men now, each ____16____ his way in life, but they still carry a strong ____17____ of their origins, although Alyosha less so than Anton. While Alyosha does not often ____18____ the land of his Russian birth, Anton’s feelings for Ukraine run deep: When Crimea (克里米亚)joined Russia in 2014, Anton was 17．
I’m grateful that ____19____ the conflict, they behave as if their ____20____ is one of blood.
In addition to ____21____, another word comes to mind: absence. I often see crowded ___22___ of mothers and children everywhere, huddled (蜷缩)in dark and _____23_____ spaces on the news now. But my boys aren’t there. I also often see children crying as they hug tightly fathers who must _____24_____ themselves to wars. But my sons are here, and I am available to them.
Especially, in these _____25_____ times, when it is easy to draw battle lines and take _____26_____, events have, instead, pushed my sons _____27_____ together. Staring at them, I realize that I am not looking at a Russian and a Ukrainian; I am looking at two people who love each other so much that doing the other _____28_____ is unthinkable.
14. A. finishing B. unfolding C. decreasing D. improving
15. A. disliked B. attracted C. arranged D. adopted
16. A. blocks B. abandons C. makes D. quits
17. A. offence B. boredom C. sense D. discrimination
18. A. flee from B. take over C. deal with D. think of
19. A. before B. until C. despite D. without
20. A. hair B. bond C. brain D. health
21. A. surprise B. gratitude C. excitement D. enthusiasm
22. A. gatherings B. harbors C. airports D. stations
23. A. messy B. quiet C. clean D. elegant
24 A. enjoy B. separate C. express D. thank
25. A. ancient B. modern C. peaceful D. troubled
26. A. photos B. seats C. sides D. posts
27. A. farther B. higher C. longer D. closer
28. A. harm B. good C. justice D. honor
四、语法填空
Chinese comedienne and actress Jia Ling recently revealed that she was losing weight for _____29_____ upcoming role during her gap time.
Jia Ling has lost 50 kilograms for her new movie YOLO. From the exposed photos, Jia Ling looks like a _____30_____ (whole) different person. In the early teasers for YOLO, audience caught glimpses of Jia Ling’s dedication _____31_____ her role as a boxer. However, it wasn’t until the movie’s release _____32_____ viewers truly got to witness the extent of her transformation. Her _____33_____ (define) abdominal (腹部的) muscles are clear and beautiful, making it hard to imagine that this is the same Jia Ling we once _____34_____ (know).
_____35_____ (slim) down from 100 kg to 50 kg can’t be achieved overnight. She thought if you can’t bear the pain of discipline, you will have to accept the mediocrity (平庸) of yourself. She is unwilling to settle for mediocrity and has chosen to challenge herself, determined _____36_____ (exchange) sweat and effort for her glamorous transformation today. Her path to success has been filled with hardships and challenges, _____37_____ she has never given up on her _____38_____(pursue)and dream for herself.
She shows us through her actions that regardless of the circumstances, as long as you have determination and perseverance, you can definitely achieve success. She not only brings us laughter and touches our hearts but also conveys a positive and uplifting energy.
【附：解析】
一、阅读理解
【A篇】
【语篇导读】：本文的语篇类型是说明文，主题语境为人与自然。文章主要介绍光污染正在夺走我们的夜空，使得星星在我们眼前消失。
1. B 词句猜测题。根据第一段“In the endless sky, the unaided human eye should be able to perceive several thousand stars on a clear, dark night.(在一望无际的天空中，在一个晴朗、黑暗的夜晚，人类的肉眼应该能够看到几千颗星星)”以及划线词上文“Unfortunately, growing light pollution has”可知，人类的肉眼本来可以看到几千颗星星，不幸的是，日益严重的光污染却使人们不能欣赏夜景。故划线词意思是“使……不能”。
2. D 细节理解题。根据第三段“Furthermore, the loss of visible stars is a great loss of human cultural heritage. Until relatively recently, humans throughout history had an impressive view of the starry night sky, and the effect of this nighty spectacle (壮观) is evident in ancient cultures.(此外，可见星星的损失是人类文化遗产的巨大损失。直到最近，历史上的人类都能看到令人印象深刻的星空，这种夜间奇观的影响在古代文化中很明显)”可知，可见星星的缺失会导致较少的夜间天空文化元素。
3. A 主旨大意题。根据第五段“Researchers find that the loss of visible stars indicates an increase in sky brightness of 9.6% per year while roughly 2% is measured by satellites. Existing satellites are not well suited to measuring sky glow as it appears to humans, because they can not detect wavelengths shorter than 500 nanometers (纳米). White LEDs, with shorter wavelengths under 500 nanometers, now are increasingly commonly used in outdoor lighting. But human eyes are more sensitive to these shorter wavelengths at nighttime. Space-based instruments do not measure light from windows, either. But these sources are significant contributors to sky glow us seen from the ground.(研究人员发现，可见恒星的消失表明天空亮度每年增加9.6%，而卫星测量的亮度大约为2%。现有的卫星不太适合测量人类看到的天光，因为它们不能探测到短于500纳米的波长。白光led波长较短，在500纳米以下，现在越来越多地用于户外照明。但人类的眼睛在夜间对这些较短的波长更敏感。天基仪器也不能测量窗户发出的光。但这些光源是我们从地面上看到的天光的重要贡献者)”可推知，作者在第五段中强调了众包数据是无价的。
4. D 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The Globe at Night dataset is necessary in our ongoing evaluation of changes in sky glow, and we encourage whoever can to get involved to help protect the starry night sky. (全球夜间数据集对于我们持续评估天空辉光的变化是必要的，我们鼓励任何可以参与的人来帮助保护星空)”可推断，Walker期望会有更多的参与者加入。
【B篇】
【语篇导读】：本文的语篇类型是议论文，主题语境为人与社会。文章主要针对员工忠诚度的问题，通过引用实例、研究数据和报告，分析了员工忠诚度的利弊，以及它对雇主和员工自身的影响。
5. B 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“How many bosses could rely on their employees threatening to quit in mass if they were abruptly forced out Sam Altman received such a show of support from more than 700 staff after he was fired from Open AI that he was swiftly restored to his position by the board. But this level of loyalty is not typical and may not always be a good thing.(有多少老板能相信，如果他们突然被迫离职，他们的员工会威胁集体辞职？Sam Altman在被Open AI解雇后，得到了700多名员工的支持，董事会迅速恢复了他的职位。但这种程度的忠诚并不典型，可能并不总是一件好事。)”可知，Sam Altman在被Open AI解雇后，得到了700多名员工的支持，董事会迅速恢复了他的职位。由此可知，作者在第一段提到Sam Altman是为了说明员工忠诚在工作中的好的一面。
6. C 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Stanley recruited almost 1,400 managers to read about a fictional 29-year-old employee called John, who worked for a company that was trying to keep costs down. They had to decide how willing they would be to ask John to work longer hours and take on more work without more pay. Researchers created various situations including labelling John as loyal versus other traits such as honest and fair. Managers were more willing to ask loyal John to take on the burden of unpaid work.(Stanley招募了近1400名经理来阅读一个虚构的29岁员工John的故事，他在一家试图降低成本的公司工作。他们必须决定他们是否愿意让John工作更长时间，承担更多的工作而没有更多的报酬。研究人员创造了不同的情境，包括给John贴上忠诚和诚实、公平等其他特质的标签。经理们更愿意让忠诚的John承担无偿工作的负担。)”可知，Stanley招募了近1400名经理来阅读一个虚构的29岁员工John的故事，从而决定他们是否愿意让John工作更长时间，承担更多的工作而没有更多的报酬。
7. A 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Researchers created various situations including labelling John as loyal versus other traits such as honest and fair. Managers were more willing to ask loyal John to take on the burden of unpaid work.(研究人员创造了不同的情境，包括给John贴上忠诚和诚实、公平等其他特质的标签。经理们更愿意让忠诚的John承担无偿工作的负担。)”可推断，管理者可能会利用员工的忠诚度，让他们承担更多的工作，甚至可能是无偿的工作，即管理层可以利用忠诚度来剥削员工。
8. B 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“But this level of loyalty is not typical and may not always be a good thing.(但这种程度的忠诚并不典型，可能并不总是一件好事。)”、第二段“Management experts say staff who are loyal to their employer are inclined to invest more time and effort in their jobs, helping to create an engaged and higher performing workplace. In turn they receive pro notions and pay rises. They have a greater sense of belonging and potentially a longer career at the same organisation. But it is not all rosy. People who are too loyal are more likely to take actions that are deemed wrong to keep their jobs and protect their employer, according to a 2021 academic paper. (管理专家表示，对雇主忠诚的员工倾向于在工作上投入更多的时间和精力，这有助于创造一个敬业、高效的工作场所。反过来，他们也会得到好处和加薪。他们有更大的归属感，可能在同一家公司有更长的职业生涯。但也不全是美好的。根据2021年的一篇学术论文，过于忠诚的人更有可能采取被认为是错误的行动来保住工作和保护雇主。)”以及全文内容可知，在这篇文章中，作者主要讨论了员工忠诚度对雇主和员工自身的利弊影响，特别是强调了忠诚度并不总是好事，有时可能导致不良行为或对员工造成不公平的负担。选项B“Why Staff Loyalty is Not Always a Good Thing (为什么员工的忠诚并不总是一件好事？)”最能够概括文章的主要观点，即员工忠诚度并不总是积极的，有时也可能带来负面影响。
二、七选五
【语篇导读】：本文的语篇类型是说明文，主题语境为人与社会。文章主要解释了什么是“鱼鳞潮”以及其产生的原因和因素。
9. G 根据上文“The Qiantang River’s estuary (河口) in Zhejiang Province has long been famous for having the strongest tidal waves in the world.(浙江省钱塘江河口长期以来以拥有世界上最强的潮汐而闻名)”以及后文“However, in 2021, researchers discovered another natural phenomenon unique to this estuary. Under specific conditions, the tide comes in waves that look like fish scales (鳞) on the water’s surface.(然而，在2021年，研究人员发现了这个河口特有的另一种自然现象。在特定的条件下，潮水以波浪的形式出现，看起来像水面上的鱼鳞)”可知，本句承接上文，说明钱塘江潮汐的情况，G选项中they对应上文tidal waves。故G选项“有时，它们可以高达9米”符合语境。
10. A 根据上文“However, in 2021, researchers discovered another natural phenomenon unique to this estuary. Under specific conditions, the tide comes in waves that look like fish scales (鳞) on the water’s surface.(然而，在2021年，研究人员发现了这个河口特有的另一种自然现象。在特定的条件下，潮水以波浪的形式出现，看起来像水面上的鱼鳞)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，总结上文提到的现象，故A选项“这种现象被称为‘鱼鳞潮’”符合语境。
11. F 根据上文“The exact reason for this unusual tide pattern’s occurrence is still being discussed. Different sources give different reasons.(这种不寻常的潮汐模式发生的确切原因仍在讨论中。不同的来源给出了不同的理由)”可知，本段主要分析了这种潮汐发生的原因，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文就不同理由给出例子，故F选项“例如，FyFluidDyamics认为这种现象是一系列因素的结果”符合语境。
12. B 根据上文““The area is also known to have rotating currents, meaning that the tide does not simply move inland and then change its direction,” Nicole Sharp writes.(尼科尔·夏普写道：“众所周知，该地区有旋转洋流，这意味着潮汐不会简单地向内陆移动，然后改变方向。”)”以及后文“This unique characteristic creates an ideal environment for waves to crash into each other at various angles. Two sets of waves meet at a crossroads, creating cool wave patterns.(这种独特的特性为波浪以不同的角度相互撞击创造了理想的环境。两组波在十字路口相遇，形成冷波模式)”可知，本段的主要内容是关于水流对于潮汐的影响，B选项中a rotating current对应rotating currents。故B选项“相反，在潮汐周期中，旋转的水流可以改变方向而不改变速度”符合语境。
13. D 根据上文“According to the media, astronomy, topography, and wind directions are the main factors that produce the “fish scale tide”.(据媒体报道，天文、地形和风向是产生“鱼鳞潮”的主要因素)”以及后文“So does the shape of the estuary — very narrow at the river mouth, but then very wide where it meets the sea.(河口的形状也是如此——河口处很窄，入海口处很宽)”可知，本段主要分析了产生“鱼鳞潮”的主要因素，且上文提到了天文因素，可对应D选项中the sun和the moon。故D选项“显然，月亮和太阳在这一现象中起了很大的作用。”符合语境。
三、完形填空
【语篇导读】：本文的语篇类型是记叙文，主题语境为人与社会。文章主要讲述尽管俄罗斯和乌克兰冲突中令人心碎的场景每天都在上演，但作者收养的两个儿子（一个出生于俄罗斯，一个出生于乌克兰）之间的关系却变得更加紧密。
14. B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：俄罗斯和乌克兰冲突中令人心碎的场景每天都在上演。A. finishing完成；B. unfolding打开，发生；C. decreasing减少；D. improving改进，提高。根据“This world is not really peaceful. The heartbroken scenes in the conflict between Russia and Ukraine”可知，此处是指俄罗斯和乌克兰冲突中令人心碎的场景每天都在发生。
15. D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我收养了两个男孩，一个来自俄罗斯，另一个来自乌克兰，他们很小的时候我就收养了他们。A. disliked不喜欢；B. attracted吸引；C. arranged安排；D. adopted收养。根据上文“I am the father of two adopted boys”可知，此处指作者收养了两个男孩。
16. C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们现在长大了，都出人头地了，但他们仍然对自己的出身有强烈的意识，尽管阿廖沙没有安东那么强烈。A. blocks阻碍；B. abandons放弃；C. makes制作，使得；D. quits放弃。根据“Young men now”可知，此处是指两个孩子长大了，也有了一些成就。make one’s way in life“出人头地”固定搭配。
17. C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们现在长大了，都有自己的人生之路，但他们仍然对自己的出身有强烈的意识，尽管阿廖沙没有安东那么强烈。A. offence冒犯；B. boredom无聊；C. sense感觉，意识；D. discrimination歧视。根据“of their origins”并结合两个孩子不同的国家背景可知，此处是指他们的身份意识。
18. D 考查动词短语辨析。句意：虽然阿廖沙不常想起自己在俄罗斯出生的土地，但安东对乌克兰的感情很深：2014年克里米亚加入俄罗斯时，安东才17岁。A. flee from 从……逃跑；B. take over接管；C. deal with处理；D. think of想起，认为。根据“Anton’s feelings for Ukraine run deep”和表示转折关系的while可知，和安东对比，阿廖莎不常想起自己出生在俄罗斯。
19. C 考查介词词义辨析。句意：我很感激，尽管有冲突，他们的行为就好像是血缘关系。A. before在……之前；B. until直到；C. despite尽管；D. without没有。结合下文“Staring at them, I realize that I am not looking at a Russian and a Ukrainian; I am looking at two people who love each other so much”可知，两个孩子深爱着对方；因此此处指尽管（两国）有冲突他们的行为就像他们是真正的亲人。
20. B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很感激，尽管有冲突，他们的行为就好像是血缘关系。A. hair头发；B. bond联系，纽带；C. brain大脑；D. health健康。根据“is one of blood”可知，虽然国籍不同，但他们之间似乎是血亲。
21. B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了感激，我还想到了另一个词：缺席。A. surprise惊喜，惊讶；B. gratitude感激；C. excitement兴奋；D. enthusiasm热情。根据上文“I’m grateful that ____6____ the conflict, they behave as if their ____7____ is one of blood.”可知，除了感激，作者还想到了另外一个词——缺席。
22. A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我经常在新闻上看到到处都是拥挤的母亲和孩子，他们挤在黑暗和凌乱的空间里。A. gatherings聚会，聚集；B. harbors港口；C. airports飞机场；D. stations站。根据“mothers and children everywhere”可知，此处是指很多母亲和孩子聚集在一起。
23. A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我经常在新闻上看到到处都是拥挤的母亲和孩子，他们挤在黑暗和凌乱的空间里。A. messy凌乱的；B. quiet安静的；C. clean干净的；D. elegant优雅的。根据“huddled (蜷缩)in dark”并结合战争背景可知，此处指妈妈和孩子挤在黑暗和凌乱的空间里。
24. B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我也经常看到孩子们在紧紧拥抱那些必须投身于战争的父亲时哭泣。A. enjoy喜欢，享受；B. separate使……分开；C. express表达；D. thank感激。根据“themselves to wars.”可知，此处是指投身战争的父亲们，即与家人分开。
25. D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尤其是，在这个动荡、很容易就能划清战线、站队的时代，但事实却让我的儿子们走得更近了。A. ancient古老的；B. modern现代的；C. peaceful和平的；D. troubled动乱的，不安的。根据上文“This world is not really peaceful. The heartbroken scenes in the conflict between Russia and Ukraine are ____1____ day by day.”可知，这是一个动荡时期。
26. C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尤其是，在这个动荡的时代，很容易就能划清战线，站队，但事实却让我的儿子们走得更近了。A. photos照片；B. seats座位；C. sides边，面；D. posts邮件。结合常识可知，在两国争端中，人们很容易站队（即表示支持那方）并划清界限。Take sides“支持某一方”是固定搭配。
27. D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尤其是，在这个动荡的时代，很容易就能划清战线，站队，但发生的事情却让我的儿子们走得更近了。A. farther更远的；B. higher更高的；C. longer更长的；D. closer更近的，更紧密的。根据“in these ____12____ times, when it is easy to draw battle lines and take ____13____,”和表示转折意义的instead可知，与他人不同，战争中发生的事情，让作者的两个儿子关系更加紧密。
28. A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我看到的是两个深爱着对方的人，他们不可能伤害对方。A. harm伤害；B. good好处；C. justice公平；D. honor荣誉。根据“two people who love each other so much”可知，作者的两个儿子感情深厚，他们不会做伤害对方的事情。
四、语法填空
【语篇导读】：本文的语篇类型是记叙文文，主题语境为人与社会。介绍了中国喜剧演员兼女演员贾玲为新电影《热辣滚烫》瘦身50公斤的事迹，她的坚持向我们传达了一种积极向上的力量。
29. an 考查冠词。句意：中国喜剧演员兼女演员贾玲最近透露，她在空档期为即将到来的一个角色减肥。分析句子可知，role“角色”为可数名词单数，此处泛指“一个角色”，用不定冠词，upcoming为元音音素开始发音，不定冠词用an。
30. wholly 考查副词。句意：从曝光的照片来看，贾玲看起来完全是另一个人。空处修饰形容词different，用副词wholly作状语。
31 to 考查介词。句意：在《热辣滚烫》的早期预告片中，观众们瞥见了贾玲对拳击手角色的投入。分析句子可知，空处缺少介词，dedication to sth.意思为：对于……的投入。
32. that 考查强调句型。句意：然而，直到电影上映，观众才真正见证了她的转变程度。本句中时间状语not until the movie’s release被强调句型it was…that强调，空处缺少that。
33. defined 考查形容词。句意：她的腹肌清晰而美丽，让人很难想象这是我们曾经认识的贾玲。分析句子可知，空处修饰abdominal muscles，defined意思为：轮廓分明的，外形清晰的，为形容词作定语。
34.knew 考查动词时态。句意同上。分析句子可知，空处缺少定语从句的谓语，结合once可知，句子为描述过去的事情，用一般过去时，动词用过去式。
35. Slimming 考查非谓语动词。句意：从100公斤减到50公斤不可能一蹴而就。分析句子可知，空处缺少句子的主语，用动名词。放在句首，首字母大写。
36. to exchange 考查非谓语动词。句意：她不甘平庸，选择挑战自我，决心用汗水和努力换来今天的华丽蜕变。determined to do sth.为固定短语，空处缺少不定式结构。
37. but 考查连词。句意：她的成功之路充满了艰辛和挑战，但她从未放弃对自己的追求和梦想。空处前文讲到“她的成功之路充满了艰辛和挑战”，后文讲到“她从未放弃对自己的追求和梦想”，前后为转折关系，用连词but连接。
38. pursuit 考查名词。句意同上。空处作on的宾语，此处用名词，与dream并列，表示“追求”用pursuit。