2024年中考英语二轮复习语法突破课件：冠词(共40张PPT)

(共40张PPT)
冠词
思维导图
真题链接
年份 题型 题目 详解
2020 语法 选择 Judie’s dad agreed that it would be a good idea to make a butterfly kite...The next morning, they took 38 kite to the park... A.a B.an C.the D./ 详解：此题考查冠词，意为“第二天早上，他们拿着那个风筝去了公园”，故选( )。
2021 语法 选择 Along the river, there’s 35 . eight- kilometer-long wooden walkway. A./ B.a C.an D.the 详解：此题考查冠词，意为“沿河有一条八公里长的木制人行道”，故选( )。
C
C
续表
年份 题型 题目 详解
2022 语法 选择 Sometimes when she was tired that she felt like crying, she would find 38 quiet place and cry out loud. A.a B.an C.the 详解：此题考查冠词，意为“有时候她累得想哭的时候，她会找一个安静的地方大声哭出来”，故选( )。
A
考点精讲
考点1 不定冠词a/an
不定冠词用来说明名词指的人或事物，表示泛指。
1. a、an的区别
冠词 区别 示例
a 用在以辅音音素开头的单词前 一本书 a ______
一只熊猫 a ______
一个一岁大的婴儿 a _____ -year-old baby
an 用在以元音音素开头的单词前 一个苹果 an ______
一个美国人 an __________
book
panda
one
apple
American
续表
冠词 区别 示例
注意 1.字母 u 发 /ju:/音时，前面用 a；发 /Λ/ 音时，前面用 an。 一所大学 a __________
一个丑陋的人 an _____ man
2.首字母不发音的单词 一个小时 an _____
一个老实人 an ______ man
3.单个的字母前，根据字母的发音确定 There is ____ “s” in the word “shine”.
There is ____“k” in the word “kitchen”.
university
ugly
an
hour
honest
a
2. a、an的用法
用法 示例
初次提到某人或某物 —他是干什么的？
—他是医生。
—What is he
—He is ________.
表示一类人或事物 大象比马力气大。
____________ is stronger than ________.
表示数量“一” 他一两个月后回来。
He will be back in ________ or two.
a doctor
An elephant
a horse
a month
续表
用法 示例
用于表示时间、速度、价格等意义的名词前，相当于every/per (每一) 我们每周上一次音乐课。
We have a music class once ________.
用在序数词前，表示“又一” 尽管他失败了两次，但是他还是又试了一次。
He tried __________ time though he had failed twice.
a week
a third
续表
用法 示例
用在某些固定词组中 a bit 一点儿 a few 一些
a lot (of) 许多/大量 have a cold 感冒
in a hurry 匆忙 take a walk 散步
have a rest 休息
即学即练
( )1.—Mom, I’m so hungry. Would you please pass apple to
me
—OK. Here you are.
A./ B.a C.an D.the
( )2.I have a pen friend. She is Australian girl.
A.a B.an C.the D./
( )3.Although he is 8-year-old boy, he can play the violin
very well.
A.a B.an C.the D./
C
B
B
( )4.Would you like to go to the open-air concert at school It’ll
start in hour and half.
A.an; an B.a; an C.an; a D.a; a
( )5.Natalia, exchange student from Spain, is university
student in Sichuan now.
A.a; an B.an; the C.an; a D.a; the
C
C
考点2 定冠词 the
定冠词 the 用来说明名词指的人或事物，表示特指。
用法 示例
1.特指双方都知道的人或物 我想要这本书。I want ________.
2.指上文已经提到的人或物 他有一支铅笔，这支铅笔是他姐姐给他的。
He has a pencil and ____________ is given by his sister.
the book
the pencil
续表
用法 示例
3.指世界上独一无二的事物 太阳 the sun 地球 the ______
月球 the _______
4.与形容词或分词连用表示一类人 富人 the rich 穷人 the ______
病人 the sick 老人 the ______
5.用在序数词前 他住在第16层楼。
He lives on the ______ floor.
6.用在形容词最高级前 你是班上最高的。
You are the ________ in the class.
earth
moon
poor
old
16th
tallest
续表
用法 示例
7.用于指某世纪的某个年代 在二十世纪80年代 in the _____
8.用在中国传统节日前 春春节 the ________ Festival
中秋节 the Mid-Autumn Festival
9.用在西洋乐器前 打鼓 play the drum
弹吉他 play the ________
10.用在姓氏的复数形式前，表示这一家人 格林一家人 the Greens
史密斯一家人 the _______
1980s
Spring
guitar
Smiths
即学即练
( )1.I just bought a new shirt. shirt was pretty expensive.
A.A B.An C.The D./
( )2.—When did twenty-fourth Beijing Winter Olympic
Games take place
—On February 4, 2022.
A.a B.an C.the D./
( )3.Lin Tao plays guitar in the school band.
A.a B.an C.the D./
C
C
C
( )4.Many more people have realized saving earth begins
with small things.
A.a B.an C.the D./
( )5.—Beijing is only city to hold the Summer Olympics
and the Winter Olympics.
—Yes, so it’s called city of “Double Olympics”.
A.an; a B.an; the C.the; the D./; the
C
C
考点3 零冠词的情况
情形 示例
1.在专有名词、物质名词和抽象名词前 中国 _______ 托尼 Tony 水 _____ 清华大学 Tsinghua University
2.在年份、月份、季节、节假日以及星期前 国庆节 National Day
在星期一 on ________
在夏天 in __________
在五月 in _____
在2020年 in 2020
China
water
Monday
summer
May
续表
情形 示例
3.在表示交通工具、学科的名词前 坐飞机 by ______
学习数学 study ________
4.在一日三餐、体育类(球类或棋类运动)等名词前 你常在家吃早餐吗？
Do you often _____________ at home
迈克喜欢下国际象棋。
Mike likes playing ______ .
plane
math(s)
have breakfast
chess
续表
情形 示例
5.当名词前已有 this、 that、 his、 any、every、 some、 no等词或有所有格修饰时 她是我的妹妹。
She is _________ .
这个周末你打算做什么？
What are you going to do _________
6.在一些固定搭配中 上床睡觉 go to ____ 在晚上 at night
在家 at ______ 错误地 by ________
最后 at last 准时 on ______
my sister
this week
bed
home
mistake
time
即学即练
( )1.We usually go swimming in summer. But in summer
of 2018, we didn’t.
A./; / B.a; a C./; the D.a; /
( )2.What good advice you’ve given me to keep healthy!
A./ B.a C.an D.the
( )3.—How are you going to be writer
—I’m going to keep on writing stories.
A.a; / B./; the C.a; the D.the; the
C
A
A
( )4.—Does your teacher go to work by car every day
—No. He usually takes bus.
A./; / B./; the C.a; the D.the; a
( )5.It’s pity that many wild animals are now in danger.
Please have pity on them since they are part of our big family.
A.a; / B.a; a C./; a D./; /
B
A
2022 中考真题
( )1.Dinner will be served in hour. Would you have a drink
first (2022 贵州黔西)
A.不填 B.the C.an D.a
( )2.Tu Youyou is first woman Nobel Prize winner in China
who has discovered qinghaosu. (2022 湖南湘西)
A.a B.an C.the
C
C
( )3.Mr. Li is doctor. He is busy when he works.
(2022 辽宁沈阳)
A.a B.an C.the D.不填
( )4.It’s a nice day today! Let’s go for walk. (2022 广西河池)
A.a B.an C.the D./
( )5.My hometown is beautiful city in west of
Liaoning Province. (2022 辽宁朝阳)
A.the; a B.a; the C.a; a D.the; the
A
A
B
( )6.—Have you ever watched movie Mulan
—Yes. It’s interesting one. I want to watch it again.
(2022 湖南益阳)
A.the; an B.a; an C.the; a
( )7.My brother Tom can play ping-pong well, but he
can’t play violin. (2022 齐齐哈尔)
A.the; / B.the; the C./; the
A
C
( )8.—Have you ever worked as volunteer during the
COVID-19 pandemic (新冠疫情)
—Yes. It was unforgettable experience for me.
(2022·山东滨州)
A.an; an B.an; a C.a; an D.a; a
( )9.—Huang Wenxiu is good model of the new age.
—She was great! People all over country should
learn from her. (2022·广西玉林)
A.a; / B.an; the C.a; the D.an; a
C
C
( )10.Judy read unusual report from Kaili Evening on
June 10. report was about the doctors and nurses assisting (援助) Shanghai in the fight against COVID-19.
(2022·贵州黔东南)
A.a; A B.an; The C.a; The D.an; An
B
语篇训练
(一)
Monday morning is important at our school. All of 1 students go to the playground. We listen to music, and watch the national flag go up. Usually, one student gives a talk on Monday mornings. One Monday last year, 2 boy gave the talk. He was proud and excited! When I saw him, I wanted to have 3 try, too. Can I really do it
( )1.A.a B.an C.the D./
( )2.A.a B.an C.the D./
( )3.A.a B.an C.the D./
C
A
A
【解析】1.C 考查冠词。句意：所有的学生都去操场。根据设空后的名词复数 students 可知，此处应用定冠词 the，特指这个学校的学生，故选 C。
【解析】2.A 考查冠词。句意：去年的一个星期一，一个男孩发表了演讲。此处泛指 “一个男孩” ，且 boy 的读音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词 a， 故选 A。
【解析】3.A 考查冠词。句意：当我看到他时，我也想试一试。have a try 是固定搭配，意为 “试一试” ，故选 A。
(二)
Andrew Holleman was 1 8-year-old boy. He loved playing in the open land near his home. The land was wet and full of trees. It was 2 home for the birds, other animals and different kinds of plants. It was also 3 best place for him to study and get to know the nature. He could see some beautiful animals. He found special native flowers as well.
( )1.A.a B.an C.the D./
( )2.A.a B.an C.the D./
( )3.A.a B.an C.the D./
B
C
C
【解析】1.B 考查冠词。句意：安德鲁 霍勒曼是一个8岁的男孩。此处泛指 “一个8岁的男孩” ，且 eight 的读音以元音音素开头， 应用不定冠词 an， 故选 B。
【解析】2.C 考查冠词。句意：这片土地是鸟类、其他动物和不同种类的植物的家园。be the home for/of 是固定搭配，意为 “是……的家园” ，故选 C。
【解析】3.C 考查冠词。句意：这片土地也是他学习和了解大自然的最佳场所。在形容词最高级 best 前，应用定冠词 the， 故选 C。
Suddenly it was announced (宣布) that the land would be changed and two hundred houses would be built on it. The plants would be removed. The animals would run away and most would probably die. When he heard about 4 news, he was not happy. He worried that the land and water would be polluted.
( )4.A.a B.an C.the D./
【解析】4.C 考查冠词。句意：当他听到这个消息时，他很不高兴。根据语境以及上下文可知，此处特指上文提到的消息，应用定冠词 the，故选C。
C
(三)
Once there was a boy named Jeffrey White in the United States. He took care of sheep for 1 farmer. He had to make sheep move together in a group to keep them from eating the vegetables outside of the wire fence (铁丝栅栏).
One morning, it was a little warmer than before. The wind was blowing so gently that Jeffrey fell asleep soon. Suddenly he was woken up by 2 angry shout of the farmer, “Damn guy! The sheep have made the vegetable garden a mess! Wake up!” 3 little boy was aware of the mistake he made. He was sad without saying a word.
1. ______
2.______
3.______
a
an
【解析】考查冠词。句意：他替一个农场主照顾羊群。 此处泛指 “一位农场主” ，且 farmer 的读音以辅音音素开头，故填 a。
【解析】考查冠词。句意：突然，他被农夫的一声怒吼惊醒了。此处泛指 “一声怒吼” ，且 angry 的读音以元音音素开头，故填an。
The
【解析】考查冠词。句意：这个小男孩意识到了他所犯的错误。此处特指上文提到的主人公 Jeffrey White，且位于句首，故填 The。
(四)
Have you ever heard of Jiang Mengnan She is 1 unusual girl. She 2 the award (奖) of the Person Touching China for 2021 on March 3rd. In 2018, she 3 by Tsinghua University as a PhD (博士学位) student. It was a long journey for her to become a student of the famous university 4 most of her life was in a silent world. Her story has moved thousands of people.
( )1.A.a B.an C.the
( )2.A.receives B.will receive C.received
( )3.A.is accepted B.accepted C.was accepted
( )4.A.because B.unless C.while
B
C
C
A
【解析】1.B 考查冠词。句意：她是一个不寻常的女孩。 此处泛指 “一个不寻常的女孩” ，且 unusual 的读音以元音音素开头，用不定冠词 an，故选 B。
【解析】2.C 考查动词时态。句意：3月3日，她获得了 2021 年感动中国人物的奖项。根据语境以及上下文可知，此处时态是一般过去时，故选 C。
【解析】3.C 考查被动语态。句意：2018年，她被清华大学录取为博士生。根据语境可知，主语 she 和谓语动词 accept 存在被动关系，且时态为一般过去时， 此处应用一般过去时的被动语态， 故选 C。
【解析】4.A 考查连词。句意：对她来说，成为这所著名大学的学生是一个漫长的旅程，因为她的大部分生活是在一个无声的世界里。根据语境可知，前后句表木因果关系，用 because 连接，故选 A。
Jiang was born 5 1992. Her parents named her Mengnan which means “dream and south”. Her parents wished that 6 . daughter would enjoy a life of peace. However, when she was six months old, her peaceful and beautiful life changed. She lost her hearing because of taking the wrong medicine. As she grew up, she began to learn lip-reading (唇读). She overcame lots of difficulties and practiced more than 1,000 times 7 to pronounce each word correctly.
( )5.A.at B.in C.on
( )6.A.they B.them C.their
( )7.A.to learn B.learn C.learning
B
C
A
【解析】5.B 考查介词。句意：江出生于 1992 年。在具体的年份前，应用介词 in，故选 B。
【解析】6.C 考查代词。句意：她的父母希望他们的女儿能够享受平静的生活。后接名词 daughter 时，应用形容词性物主代词 their，故选 C。
【解析】7.A 考查非谓语动词。句意：她克服了很多困难，练习了 1000 多次，才学会了每个单词的正确发音。根据语境可知，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式，故选 A。
Through her hard work, she entered Jilin University with a high score of 615 marks in 2011. Jiang decided to study life science because she hoped she could spend all her life on people’s 8 . During her college days, she was a volunteer to help 9 disabled children in her hometown.
“For people 10 are deaf like me, I want to tell them that we can do as much as the normal people, and maybe we can even do better!” (2022广西中考真题改编)
( )8.A.healthy B.healthily C.health
( )9.A.a B.an C.the
( )10.A.who B.which C.what
C
C
A
【解析】8.C 考查名词。句意：……她希望她的一生都能为人们的健康服务。名词所有格 people’s 后应接名词，故选 C。
【解析】9.C 考查冠词。句意：在大学期间，她是一名志愿者，意在帮助家乡的残疾儿童。此处特指残疾儿童群体，应用定冠词 the，故选 C。
【解析】10.A 考查定语从句的关系代词。句意：对于像我这样的聋哑人……分析句子结构可知，此处是一个定语从句，先行词 people 指人，关系代词应用 who，故选 A。