2024年中考英语二轮复习语法突破课件：数词(共45张PPT)

(共45张PPT)
数词
思维导图
考点精讲
考点1 基数词
1.基数词的构成
100以下的基数词 100以上的基数词
1–12 13–19： -teen 整十:-ty 几十几：整十+个位数 hundred, thousand, million, billion
1 one 13 ________ 20 _______ 21 twenty-one 100 one _________
2 two 14 fourteen 30 thirty 22 twenty-two 101
one hundred and one
thirteen
twenty
hundred
100以下的基数词 100以上的基数词
1–12 13–19： -teen 整十:-ty 几十几：整十+个位数 hundred, thousand, million, billion
3 three 15 ________ 16 sixteen 40 _____ 50 _____ 60 sixty 23 twenty-three 1, 000
one _________
4 four 24 twenty-four 1, 000, 000
one __________
5 five 17 seventeen 25 twenty-five 1, 000 , 000 , 000 one__________
续表
fifteen
forty
fifty
thousand
million
billion
100以下的基数词
1–12 13–19： -teen 整十:-ty 几十几：整十+个位数
6 six 7 seven 8 eight 9 nine 10 ten 11 _______ 12 _______ 18 ________ 19 nineteen 70 seventy 80 ______ 90 ninety 26 twenty-six
27
twenty-seven
28
twenty-eight
29
____________________
续表
eleven
twelve
eighty
twenty-nine
eighteen
2.基数词的用法
用法 结构 示例
表示 数量 — 一年有 365 天。
There are ________ in a year.
表示 时刻 直读法:时钟+分钟 7 :30 seven thirty
9:10 __________
逆读法:分钟+past （过）+ 时钟（30分内） 分钟+to （差）+时钟（30分后） 8:05 five past eight
1:08 ______ past one
6:50 ten to seven
11 :58 ______ to twelve
365 days
nine ten
eight
two
续表
用法 结构 示例
表示 编号 名词+基数词 1 班 Class One
302 房间 __________
第十页 _________
表示年代、年份 in the+年代的复数 在19世纪50年代 in the ________
in+年份 在 2050 年 in 2050
表示 年龄 基数词+years old 6 岁 six years old
80 岁 ________ years old
in one’s+整十的复数 在她四十多岁时 in her _______
at the age of+基数词 在 20 岁那年 at the age of ______
Room 302
Page Ten
1850s
eighty
forties
twenty
续表
用法 结构 示例
表示倍数 基数词+times 那头大象的体重是狮子的三倍。The elephant weighs __________ as much as the lion.
表示小数 基数词+point+基数词 5.7 five point seven
10.5 ____ point _____
表示百分数 基数词+percent 80% eighty percent
60% ______ percent
three times
ten
five
sixty
续表
用法 结构 示例
特别注意：hundred、thousand、million、billion 表示确定的数字时，不能用复数形式；表示不确定的数字时，必须用复数形式，并加上介词of。 三百美元 three ________ dollars
几百美元 _________ of dollars
hundred
hundreds
即学即练
( )1.My aunt became a nurse in her _____ and she still loves her job now.
A.twenties B.twentieth C.twenty D.the twentieth
( )2.—Do you know his birthday, Eric
—Not exactly. I just know he was born _____.
A.On July 1 B.in the 1980s
C.On 1 July, 1980 D.in the 1980
A
B
( )3.—We should try to devote (献身于) ourselves to our country like Yuan Longping.
—I think so. He still worked on the research into agriculture (农业) at the age of _____.
A.eighties B.eightieth C.eighty D.eighty-year-old
( )4.—China is a great country with a history of about five _____ years.
—Yes. And _____ of foreigners come to visit it every year.
A.thousand; thousand B.thousands; thousands
C.thousand; thousands D.thousands; thousand
C
C
( )5.The new bridge is _____ meters long.
A.six hundred, fifty and five
B.six hundreds and fifty-five
C.six hundred, fifty-five
D.six hundred and fifty-five
D
考点2 序数词
1.序数词的构成
100以下的序数词 100以上的序数词
第1至第12 第13至第19：-teenth 第几十： -tieth 第几十几：整十+个位数的序数词 hundred, thousand, million, billion+th
1st → _______ 2nd→ _______ 3rd→ _______ 13th→ thirteenth 14th → __________ 15th→ fifteenth 20th→ twentieth 30th→ _________ 40th→ fortieth 21 st → twenty-first 22nd→ _________ ___________ 100th
→one hundredth
101st
→one hundred and first
first
second
third
fourteenth
thirtieth
twenty-second
续表
100以下的序数词 100以上的序数词
第1至第12 第13至第19：-teenth 第几十： -tieth 第几十几：整十+个位数的序数词 hundred, thousand, million, billion+th
4th→ fourth 5th→ _______ 6th→sixth 7th→ seventh 16th→ _________ 17th→ seventeenth 18th→ _________ 50th→ _________ 60th→ sixtieth 23rd→ twenty-third 24th→ _________________ 25th→twenty-fifth 1, 000th
→one thousandth
1, 000, 000th
→one millionth
1, 000, 000, 000th
→one billionth
fifth
sixteenth
eighteenth
fiftieth
twenty-fourth
续表
100以下的序数词 100以上的序数词
第1至第12 第13至 第19： -teenth 第几十： -tieth 第几十几：整十+个位数的序数词 hundred, thousand, million, billion+th
8th→ _______ 9th→ _______ 10th→ tenth 19 th→ nineteenth 70th→ _________ 80th→ eightieth 90th→ ________ 26th→ ________ ________ 27th→twenty-seventh 28th→ ___________ 1, 000, 000, 000th
→one billionth
eighth
ninth
seventieth
ninetieth
twenty-sixth
twenty-eight
续表
100以下的序数词 100以上的序数词
第1至第12 第13至第19：-teenth 第几十： -tieth 第几十几：整十+个位数的序数词 hundred, thousand, million, billion+th
llth→ eleventh 12th→ _______ 29th→ twenty-ninth
twelfth
2.序数词的用法
用法 示例
表示顺序，常与定冠词the连用 她的家在六楼。
Her home is on ________ floor.
在第二天早上 on ___________ morning
表示日期 10 月1日 October first
8 月15 日 August ________
表示几岁生日 今天是琳达的8岁生日。
Today is Linda’s _______ birthday.
注意：序数词前有形容词性物主代词或名词所有格修饰时，不能再加定冠词the。 例如：这是他第一次吃螃蟹。This is __________ time to eat a crab.
the sixth
the second
fifteenth
eighth
his first
即学即练
( )1.Our Party was founded in 1921. We celebrated her ______ birthday on July 1st in 2021.
A.one hundred B.one hundredth
C.the one hundredth D.hundredth
( )2.As we all know, the Yellow River is _____ longest river in China.
A.the twice B.the second C.twice D.second
B
B
( )3.—Excuse me, where’s the library
—Go along this road, and turn right at _____ crossing. It is on your left.
A.one B.the one C.first D.the first
( )4.—Our school is going to hold the _____ Culture Festival.
—I see. And we can take part in the activity again.
A.five B.fifth C.fifths D.its fifth
( )5.There are _____ floors in this building. He lives on the
_____ floor.
A.thirty; nine B.thirtieth; nine C.thirtieth; ninth D.thirty; ninth
D
B
D
考点3 分数表示法
结构 示例
基数词（分子）+序数词（分母）注:分子等于1时 one second one _____
_________
基数词（分子）+序数词的复数（分母） 注:分子大于1时 two thirds three _____
___________
注意:当分母为4时，通常用quarter表示。例如: one ________
third
one tenth
fifths
five sevenths
quarter
即学即练
( )1.Tom was angry because Jerry ate _____ of his nine apples secretly. Now he had only one third left.
A.a quarter B.one third C.a half D.two thirds
( )2.—How many students in your class get to school on foot
—About _____ of them do.
A.three fifths B.two third C.first four D.one seconds
( )3. _____ of the land is covered with forests.
A.Three quarter B.Three quarters
C.Third quarters D.Third quarter
D
A
B
( )4.About _____ of the students in Kaili _____ to school by bus.
A.two fifth; go B.two fifths; go
C.two fifth; goes D.two fifths; goes
( )5.—Susan, how many women teachers are there in your school
—In our school, _____ of the teachers _____ women teachers.
A.third fourth; are B.third fourth; is
C.three fourths; is D.three fourths; are
B
D
2022 中考真题
( )1.There are people in the picture, and the one from the left is me.（2022·广西）
A.eight; third B.eight; three
C.eighth; third D.eighth; three
( )2.—It is Mom’s birthday next Wednesday. What should we do
—What about buying her flowers to show our love （2022·辽宁朝阳）
A.forty; forty B.forty; fortieth
C.fortieth; forty D.fortieth; fortieth
A
C
( )3.Nowadays, birds fly to the warm south in winter. （2022·广西河池）
A.million B.millions C.two millions D.millions of
( )4.There are paintings on exhibition (展览). . works were created by young artists. （2022·黑龙江绥化）
A.two hundred; Two hundreds
B.two hundreds; Hundreds of
C.hundreds of; Two hundred
D
C
( )5.About of my classmates help their parents do housework on weekends.（2022·湖南郴州）
A.two fifths B.second five C.second fifths
( )6.—It’s birthday of CCYL (中国共青团) this year, isn’t it
—Yes, it is. We had a party for it. （2022·湖北）
A.100 B.100s C.100’s D.the 100th
A
D
( )7.—I have been to Mount Fanjing three times. What about you
—I have been there three times, too. And I would like to visit it a ______ time.（2022·贵州铜仁）
A.three B.third C.four D.fourth
D
( )8.Here is a survey about how to be a good learner among 400 students. According to the form below, ________ students have chosen “Learn from mistakes” as their key words.（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨）
A.80 B.120 C.160
C
Key words Making plans Taking notes Asking questions Learning from
mistakes
Percentage（百分比） 20% 10% 30%
( )9.— _____ is the population of Guizhou
—It has more than _____ people. （2022·贵州黔东南）
A.How much; thirty-eight millions of
B.How many; thirty-eight million of
C.What; thirty-eight million
D.How large; thirty-eight millions
( )10.—This will be my _____ visit to the Great Wall. I’m really excited.
—Really I can’t believe you’ve never been there yet. You arrived in Beijing almost a year ago! （2022·甘肃定西）
A.first B.second C.third D.fourth
C
A
语篇训练
（一）
Many foreign children learn Chinese when they are young. Since
1 ago, there has been a test called The Young Learners Chinese Test (YCT) in South Korea. The YCT is a part of the educational exchanges between China and South Korea. An Huixin, an 2 . Korean, took the YCT. People knew that on the same day 3 .
Korean children took the YCT by reading the newspaper.
( )1.A.13-year B.13 years C.13-years D.13 year
( )2.A.8 years old B.8 years old C.8 year olds D.8-year-old
( )3.A.three thousands B.three thousand
C.three-thousand D.three-thousands
B
D
B
【答案解析】1.B 考查数词。句意:从13年前开始，韩国就有 一个名为“青年汉语考试”（YCT）的测试。根据语境可知，此处指“13年”，应用基数词+名词复数，故选B。
【答案解析】2.D 考查数词。句意：8岁的韩国人安慧欣参加 了 YCT考试。此处修饰名词Korean，应用形容 词，结合选项，可以充当形容词功能的只有8-year-old，故选 D。
【答案解析】3.B 考查数词。句意:人们通过阅读报纸知道, 在同一天有三千名韩国儿童参加了 YCT考试。 thousand表示确定的数字时，不能用复数形式，故选B。
（二）
Do you drink bottle water How long does it take you to drink a bottle of water Maybe just five minutes. But the plastic bottle will stay in nature for 1 years! Plastic does not disappear easily. It is a big problem for humans.
There are many plastic things in our lives. They are cheap, light and easy to make.
( )1.A.five hundred B.five hundreds
C.five hundred’s D.five hundreds’
A
【答案解析】1.A 考查数词。句意:但是，塑料瓶将在自然界 中停留五百年之久！ hundred表示确定的数字时，不能用复数形式，故选A。
Every year, the world uses five hundred billion plastic bags. Every minute, we buy one 2 plastic bottles. The plastic we throw away in one year can circle the earth 3 times!
( )2.A.millions B.millions of C.million D.millions’
( )3.A.the fourth B.fourth C.four D.the four
C
C
【答案解析】2.C 考查数词。句意:每一分钟，我们都会购买 一百万个塑料瓶。有具体的数字one修饰， million用单数，故选C。
【答案解析】3.C 考查数词。句意:我们一年中扔掉的塑料可 以绕地球四圈！表示数字“四”，应用基数词，故选C。
（三）
Nelson Mandela was one of the greatest leaders of the 1 .
(twenty) century. He was born in Transkei, South Africa on July
2 (eighteen), 1918.What bad news! He died at the age of 3 .
(ninety-fifth). Nelson Mandela was an important person all over the world.
When Nelson Mandela was young, he went to school and studied at school. In the 4 (1950), almost all black people didn’t go to school. Only a few black people had rights to go to school. Nelson Mandela was lucky. He went to school and finished his schoolwork successfully. After graduation he became a lawyer.
1._____________
2.________________
twentieth
eighteenth/18th
【答案解析】twentieth 考查数词。句意：纳尔逊 曼德拉是 二十世纪最伟大的领导人之一。根据语境可知， 此处指“二十世纪”，应用 twenty 的序数词，故填 twentieth。
【答案解析】eighteenth/18th 考查数词。句意:他于1918年7 月18日出生在南非的特兰斯凯。表示具体几月几号，需用序数词，故填 eighteenth/18th。
3._______________
4.______________
95/ninety-five
1950s
【答案解析】95/ninety-five 考查数词。句意:他在九十五岁时去世。表示年龄，应用基数词，故填95/ninety- five。
【答案解析】1950s考查数词。句意:在20世纪50年代，几乎所有的黑人都没有去上学。表示年代，应在基数词的后面加上S，故填1950s。
（四）
One day, I picked up my 1 daughter Lingling from school and went to the supermarket for a few things. I was hoping to be in and out quickly.
I 2 a short line with just one person in front of me. It was an old woman, and she 3 for her things with only coins. After a long day at work, I thought the woman was very terrible.
( )1.A.six year old B.six-years-old C.six-year-old
( )2.A.find B.found C.will find
( )3.A.is paying B.was paying C.have paid
C
B
B
【答案解析】1.C 考查数词。句意:有一天，我去学校接我六 岁的女儿玲玲回家并且去超市买些东西。形容词修饰名词，结合选项，能充当形容词的只有 six-year-old，故选 C。
【答案解析】2.B 考查动词时态。句意:我发现队伍很短，只 有一个人在我前面。根据语境及上下文可知，此 处时态是一般过去时，故选B。
【答案解析】3.B 考查动词时态。句意:那是一个老妇人，她 正用硬币来支付她的东西。根据语境可知，此处表示过去正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时，故选B。
But then I watched a young salesman. He helped her count her coins, ever so 4 taking them from her shaking hands. I listened to him repeatedly say to her “Yes, madam.” When she asked 5 .
she had enough money to buy a bag, he told her she did. Then he walked over 6 lines and got one for her.
( )4.A.kindly B.kindness C.kind
( )5.A.if B.what C.that
( )6.A.second B.the second C.two
A
A
C
【答案解析】4.A 考查副词。句意:他帮助她数硬币，非常亲 切地从她颤抖的手中接过硬币。修饰动词 taking，应用副词，故选A。
【答案解析】5.A 考查宾语从句的引导词。句意:当她问她是 否有足够的钱买一个袋子时，他告诉她有。分析 句子结构可知，此处是一个宾语从句，根据语境可知，此处表示“是否”，故选A。
【答案解析】6.C 考查数词。句意:然后他走过两排，给她拿 了一个。根据语境可知，此处修饰名词复数，用基数词，故选C。
7 salesman wasn’t angry at all. He was patient and kind.
As I was watching him, I saw Lingling was too. I realized my daughter was learning an important lesson 8 a stranger.
( )7.A.A B.An C.The
( )8.A.for B.from C.with
C
B
【答案解析】7.C 考查冠词。句意:这位售货员一点也不生气。根据语境及上下文可知，此处指前文提及的售货员，应用定冠词the，故选C。
【答案解析】8.B 考查介词。句意:我意识到我的女儿正在从 一个陌生人那里上了重要的一课。learn sth. from sb. 是固定搭配，意为“从某人那里学到某 事”，故选B。
When the woman was finished, the salesman began ringing up my things and thanked me for 9 patience (耐心). I thanked him too. I found the manager and told him about the 10 kindness and patience.
Then we left the supermarket with a full basket, but also with a heart full of thankfulness for such an important lesson.
（2022 四川乐山中考真题改编）
( )9.A.my B.mine C.me
( )10.A.salesman B.salesma’s C.salesmen’s
A
B
【答案解析】9. A 考查代词。句意:当这位女士的事情处理完 后，售货员开始给我的东西结账，并感谢我的耐心。根据句意可知，表示“我的”，设空后有名 词，应用形容词性物主代词，故选A。
【答案解析】10.B 考查名词所有格。句意:我找到经理，告诉 他这位售货员的善意和耐心。根据语境可知，此 处表示“这位售货员的”，应用单数名词的所有格，故选B。